[HN Gopher] Building my own solar power system
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Building my own solar power system
        
       Author : JKCalhoun
       Score  : 394 points
       Date   : 2025-05-18 18:07 UTC (3 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (medium.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (medium.com)
        
       | stevoski wrote:
       | To save you the click, it's about building a solar electricity
       | system.
       | 
       | And not a cosmic solar system.
        
         | stevoski wrote:
         | Ah, the title was edited, so now my comment seems nonsensical.
        
         | pantalaimon wrote:
         | _to make an apple pie from scratch, you must first create the
         | universe._
        
           | sponaugle wrote:
           | My favorite Cosmos episode (#9)!
        
       | epistasis wrote:
       | This is fantastic. Looking at the absolutely massive cost
       | differential between DIY and full-service solar installers, the
       | DIY option looks _pretty_ _pretty_ tempting. My main concern was
       | 1) actually getting through the local permitting process, and 2)
       | what a potential purchaser would think of a DIY system when I go
       | to sell the house.
       | 
       | Seeing that somebody has done it is very inspiring, and if I
       | didn't see a high chance of moving in the next 5 years I'd be on
       | it tomorrow.
        
         | madaxe_again wrote:
         | I have the advantage of living totally off grid and not
         | planning on ever selling the place, so I can have whatever
         | screwy setup I fancy.
         | 
         | Well - I say "off grid" but I've built a grid - I now have over
         | a km of buried SWA cable linking the three houses on our land,
         | battery banks at each (60kWh of OPzS down at the mill, 15kWh of
         | LiFePO4 at each of the others), and victron inverter-chargers
         | all over the shop. Two arrays of panels each 8kW, one winter
         | optimised, one summer optimised, and planning on adding a third
         | to make more of the morning sun, as we are in a deep and steep
         | valley with awkward topography. Have mucked around with hydro
         | on and off before landing on a plan for an overshot waterwheel
         | using bits of a burned-out '88 hilux, which is my current
         | project. Pessimistically it will give us a constant 1.5kW, but
         | theoretically it should end up nearer 3. Either way, that's a
         | lot of power. Right now I'm stuck running a Honda generator off
         | our biogas in the winter, and it works, but it's noisy and I
         | have to go yank the cord to start it, usually in the pouring
         | rain.
         | 
         | Using victron and fronius gear all over, frequency shifting to
         | control where the power goes, and home assistant to automate
         | the whole shebang where it's beyond what the inverters and
         | chargers can do themselves.
         | 
         | As we aren't grid connected, the permitting process is... "you
         | do what you want".
         | 
         | It's all far, far more straightforward than most people think -
         | the hard bit is the physical install, as you're inevitably
         | lugging awkward panels onto roofs or up cliffs (going for
         | smaller panels can help with this if you're doing it without
         | any help), or incredibly heavy batteries to wherever they need
         | to be. The lithium arrays weigh about 150kg each, the lead
         | array the better part of 2000kg.
         | 
         | People assume it must have cost hundreds of thousands of euros,
         | but no - all in it has been about EUR30k, and our ongoing costs
         | are zero.
        
           | davedx wrote:
           | Yeah, we once unmounted our panels so painters could do some
           | work on our roof. It was pretty trivial to do. The tricky
           | part is the electrical work.
        
           | 4gotunameagain wrote:
           | That sounds amazing, would love to be able to check it out.
           | 
           | Out of curiosity, have you ever calculated the cost of the
           | batteries over their expected lifetime ?
        
         | baq wrote:
         | DYI if your dad is an electrician. I wonder what the total
         | would be if he tallied his dad's assistance at market rates -
         | probably not that much less than the initial quotes he got from
         | professionals.
        
           | rusk wrote:
           | Depending on the jurisdiction you could be saving a whopper
           | amount on taxes. Where I live the service tax could be
           | anything up to 23% and the guys doing the work have to pay
           | income tax. Insurance would also be a factor where I live
           | too. There are massive savings if you can get a friend to do
           | it or if somebody does it for cash (which is considered tax
           | evasion)
        
       | 9dev wrote:
       | I'm still curious what you'd need a rack consuming 1kw for... in
       | your garage. From the photo, it looks like lots of storage(?).
        
         | sneak wrote:
         | 1kW is less than a toaster, fwiw.
         | 
         | I draw 1-1.5kW for my servers in a spare bedroom. It's not a
         | lot of spindles/cores, just a few dozen.
        
           | padjo wrote:
           | Not many people run their toaster 24/7/365
        
             | nicolaslem wrote:
             | It is always surprising to me but small loads that are on
             | 24/7 end up consuming a ton of energy. My 55W idle
             | "homelab" consumes as much energy as my dishwasher, fridge
             | and washing machine _combined_.
        
           | jaapz wrote:
           | 1kW continuously is 8760kWh per year. To compare, my house
           | used 6200kWh in total over 2024, including heating.
           | 
           | Your toaster draws 1kW for maybe 5 minutes a day, which is
           | maybe 30kWh per year.
           | 
           | The power in this comparison is not important, it's the total
           | energy consumed (which is what you are billed for in the
           | end).
        
             | sneak wrote:
             | yes, computers use a lot of energy, and spinning disks in
             | my 40 hard drives use even more.
        
           | 9dev wrote:
           | > 1kW is less than a toaster, fwiw.
           | 
           | Odd argument. A cheetah can run up to 110kmh, but that
           | doesn't mean they can cross 110 kilometres in an hour.
        
         | jmb99 wrote:
         | My hard drives alone pull 200W idle and I don't have _that_
         | many. Cooling fans (in servers) pull 150W total most of the
         | time but can be up to 300W. Each 10GbE NIC pulls ~40W. PoE
         | switch gives ~30W to each of my APs, and uses ~80W itself, so
         | there's another 300W. All of my RAM pulls about 250W
         | (admittedly there's nearly 2TB of it in the rack, but still).
         | Start adding up CPUs idle /average/max power and the numbers
         | get way bigger.
         | 
         | If all he's pulling is 1kW I'm jealous.
        
           | xarope wrote:
           | I'm curious, are you getting this with a kill-a-watt (or
           | equivalent), or are you adding up wattage by specifications
           | alone?
           | 
           | (I do have an epyc with a bunch of memory and storage, but
           | never bothered doing the math since my UPS claims to be able
           | to run with the average load for 30+mins)
        
           | Dylan16807 wrote:
           | If I had more than 100 watts in idle hard drives, I'd start
           | aggressively figuring out how to let them spin down. Maybe
           | his drives are actually doing something 24 hours a day? But
           | probably not.
           | 
           | Networking gear taking that much when it's not busy is really
           | unfortunate. Did IEEE slack on adding effective
           | sleep/downclocking features?
        
             | mafuy wrote:
             | It sounds like the 10GbE is not fiber. With fiber, it would
             | take around 5W only, depending on your needs. It's a bit
             | harder to use, but fiber is really the better option if you
             | want a serious homelab.
        
           | throw0101b wrote:
           | > _Cooling fans (in servers) pull 150W total most of the time
           | but can be up to 300W._
           | 
           | Oxide Computer found that going from tiny 20mm fans to 80mm
           | dropped their chassis power usage bigly: they found a rack
           | full of 1U servers had 25% of its power going to the fans
           | (efficiency is to the cube of the radius).
           | 
           | * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hTJYY_Y1H9Q
        
             | mdaniel wrote:
             | My mental model is that such a choice is why a data center
             | is deafening: all those tiny fans spinning at hella rpm
        
           | kalleboo wrote:
           | 40W for a 10GbE NIC sounds crazy, my internet router has a
           | dual 10 GbE Intel NIC with one 10GBaseT SFP+ and one 10G DAC
           | and the whole router only draws 24 W (Lenovo ThinkCentre
           | Tiny)
           | 
           | My whole "rack" draws about 120W total with: aforementioned
           | router, Synology NAS with 4 drives, 2x10G+4x2.5G PoE switch
           | powering a Ubiquiti AP, 16-port 1G switch, and a PowerBook
           | 540c running AppleTalk routing
        
             | sponaugle wrote:
             | I'm running 100G CWDM4s in my homelab, and those only take
             | about 4w each for the optics, so I suspect with the PCIe
             | card it is less than 10w.
        
           | sponaugle wrote:
           | 1kW sounds pretty good to me!
           | 
           | My homelab is between 4 and 8 kW continuously, depending on
           | what I have running. Cooling that homelab is another 400-1000
           | watts depending on outside air temp.
        
         | hengheng wrote:
         | Yeah, I wondered the same.
         | 
         | He mentioned that he refuses downsizing for ideological
         | reasons, and I totally get that, but there's a certain amount
         | of rightsizing that doesn't hurt in practical operation, and
         | still let's you keep what feels like an awesome, big, complex
         | model train setup in your garage.
         | 
         | Not all rust has to spin, almost no ports have to be 10GE, and
         | a lot can be virtualized. Consumer CPUs have much lower idle
         | than old xeons, and having less DIMMs with the same capacity
         | also seems to pay off.
         | 
         | I'd be surprised if he couldn't cut that energy usage to 10%
         | with a clear separation between hot and cold storage, and
         | realistic expectations of bandwidth requirements.
         | 
         | But hey, I'm not judging. Solar power is great, and I don't
         | mind waste as long as he can afford it and it makes him happy.
         | Nobody drives the car they actually need either, and that is a
         | much bigger problem.
        
       | yasir326 wrote:
       | With the rising price of energy, this is a fantastic idea
        
         | looofooo0 wrote:
         | Well big chunk of the electricity cost are fixed cost, meaning
         | if enough people lower their bill with PV and batteries then
         | prices will have to rise for their connection. In fact some
         | suggest that it would make more sense to let people pay a flat
         | rate.
        
       | brnt wrote:
       | And over here in NL we're going to be _charged_ when returning
       | power to the grid in 1.5 yr... I'll be running my airco to burn
       | off those kWh's :P
        
         | baq wrote:
         | The grid needs batteries and that's how they make you buy some.
         | They have good reasons - look at Spain.
         | 
         | Running aircon to burn the excess is better than feeding an
         | already overloaded grid, too. The second best outcome for them,
         | neatly contained in a single euro amount.
        
         | tralarpa wrote:
         | What should the grid operators do with all that energy that
         | comes in at noon on a beautiful sunny day?
        
           | madaxe_again wrote:
           | Heat up molten salt, or shipping containers full of sand.
           | It's a surprisingly high density and cheap way to store an
           | awful lot of energy. Don't have sand batteries here yet, but
           | they're on my todo for deep storage of excess energy, which I
           | currently just dump as heat into the air.
        
             | rmu09 wrote:
             | I don't know. Salt (NaCl) is corrosive. Specific heat
             | capacity is not that high (about 1/5th of water per
             | weight). Suppose you have cubic meter of molten salt at
             | 800degC in a dewar, how do you get the heat out again?
        
           | elcritch wrote:
           | Hmmm, run direct carbon capture systems?
        
           | delamon wrote:
           | Pump it to the storage. Building something like
           | https://www.energyvault.com/products/g-vault-gravity-
           | energy-... is impossible for a home owner. But the country
           | scale energy provider can build such thing.
        
             | kleiba wrote:
             | Great idea, but that also comes at an additional cost - who
             | would you recommend should pay for that cost?
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | Storage comes at a cost, but storing cheap/free power
               | offsets even bigger generation costs. So the power
               | company should pay to build storage.
               | 
               | There's a point where the grid has so much solar power
               | that we need to start shedding production as a general
               | rule and not just as an intermittent temporary measure,
               | but I don't think we're anywhere near that point.
        
             | cduzz wrote:
             | Technically almost all homes have a wonderful energy
             | storage system already -- their hot water heater tank.
             | 
             | One can imagine a setup where you've got a hot water tank
             | and a mixing valve that allows you to heat your water up to
             | some very high temperature and then mix that down to "safe"
             | hot water for the house. Have that run in "heat from grid
             | if below this threshold, otherwise conditionally heat with
             | surplus energy if the water's below this temperature"
        
         | elcritch wrote:
         | > I'll be running my airco to burn off those kWh's :P
         | 
         | As an American I welcome you to our national pastime: burning
         | kWhs on aircon! :P
        
         | davedx wrote:
         | We've been on a dynamic contract for the last year (also in
         | NL), it's worked out pretty well (Tibber).
        
         | markvdb wrote:
         | Already happening in Flanders for those on dynamic pricing.
        
         | miniwark wrote:
         | Don't you have energy cooperatives to avoid this in the
         | Netherlands ? According to rescoop.eu i did find
         | hetcooperatie.nl, energiesamen.nu & lochemenergie.org.
         | 
         | Even if you are instead in Newfoundland, maybe ask
         | cecooperative.ca if there us a project to create one in your
         | province.
        
       | sneak wrote:
       | It's a true shame that the public utility commission is so
       | corrupt that we lose the obvious economies of scale from grid-
       | scale installations of same in favor of expensive rent seeking by
       | a state-sanctioned monopoly.
       | 
       | I also have 60kWh of batteries in my kitchen, but for the average
       | person who doesn't want to deal with this stuff, having to admin
       | part of the power grid is a tragic waste.
       | 
       | If the PUC and power company weren't bastards, this could all be
       | in a giant field somewhere staffed by a tiny fraction of the
       | people who have to waste their lives dealing with it in their
       | garages. So many unnecessary struts, so much caulk and EPO
       | switches, so many inverters.
        
         | epistasis wrote:
         | It turns out that the biggest cost of California energy is not
         | generation, it's distribution and transmission.
         | 
         | Highly distributed energy lessens the peak demands on the T&D
         | system, which means that the T&D system can be smaller, which
         | greatly reduces the fixed cost of T&D. Utility scale solar
         | requires greatly expanding transmission lines, to the extent
         | that lack of transmission is the biggest barrier to adding
         | solar to the grid in most of the US.
         | 
         | So even if installation costs of solar are higher on the grid
         | edge, it usually makes a ton of sense, and this is evident in
         | the payoff times of NEM3 systems that include batteries. As
         | batteries get cheaper, or there's more vehicle-to-home systems
         | out there, it will only increase.
         | 
         | This lessened need for T&D is the true reason that utilities in
         | California hate solar and need to stop it. They can take a
         | guaranteed rate of profit from anything they get to spend on
         | T&D, but the same isn't true of generation. So utility solar,
         | which requires building more lines and beefing up distribution
         | substations more, lets them profit much more than residential
         | solar.
        
           | sneak wrote:
           | How many office parking lots would be covered in solar
           | carports immediately if the corrupt PUC paid reasonable rates
           | for generation?
           | 
           | This solves the T&D problem too, as generation remains
           | distributed.
           | 
           | It's the money.
        
             | looofooo0 wrote:
             | Not so easy to reduce the grid load all the time, needs a
             | big battery for every night and for multiple dark days you
             | still need the grid a lot.
        
               | sneak wrote:
               | Paying reasonable rates for generation also incentivizes
               | distributed storage for anyone who wants to buy batteries
               | and help load shift.
               | 
               | Large neighborhood batteries seem to make a lot more
               | sense to me than batteries in every home.
        
               | looofooo0 wrote:
               | Would be nice, the rate could be grid size battery/PV +
               | cost savings from localized production. Not sure if it is
               | economically feasible then.
        
               | KPGv2 wrote:
               | > Large neighborhood batteries
               | 
               | Boy people hated their HOA before, imagine how much
               | they'll hate their HOA (because neighborhood batteries
               | would need to be owned by someone, and that someone is
               | the HOA) when they can cut off your power bc you left a
               | garbage can out too long!
        
               | ThatPlayer wrote:
               | Spinning steam turbine generators also can't just turn
               | on/off instantly. They need to ramp up/down. If you can't
               | ramp up fast enough to meet demand, you have issues. When
               | solar drops off pretty fast, and people come home from
               | work and start turning on appliances, you suddenly have a
               | huge amount of power needed from generators.
               | 
               | Even has a name: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duck_curve
               | 
               | The solution of course is more batteries, but you can't
               | really incentivize non-peak generation until you get the
               | batteries. That's part of the NEM3 change that the blog
               | mentions, to change the incentives from just solar to
               | solar and battery.
        
               | epistasis wrote:
               | Big batteries are actually very easy, and getting cheap
               | enough that they account for a significant chunk of new
               | grid assets when there are enough renewables.
               | 
               | Take the Texas ERCOT market, which is the closest thing
               | to a free electricity market that exists in the US. A
               | huge chunk of new grid assets are batteries, becuase they
               | are one of the most profitable things to install right
               | now (see the map at the bottom of the page)
               | 
               | https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=64586
               | 
               | Additionally, many people are now buying EVs, and an EV
               | stores 2-5 days worth of electricity. If big batteries on
               | wheels are commonplace, then simpler and cheaper immobile
               | batteries are pretty easy too.
        
             | jopsen wrote:
             | Is it the generation that cost, or the promise that you'll
             | always have power?
             | 
             | Keeping capacity ready is probably the expensive bit.
        
           | eldaisfish wrote:
           | you're making a big assumption here - that the demand peak
           | coincides with the distributed generation peak. This is
           | generally not true.
        
             | epistasis wrote:
             | In California, the subject of my comment, it is true.
        
               | eldaisfish wrote:
               | it generally isn't.
               | 
               | Peak demand on most electricity systems, including
               | California's, is during the evening hours, typically
               | between 18:00 and 21:00. This does not coincide with peak
               | solar generation.
               | 
               | You can see this even as far back as 2018 via CalISO's
               | own data. https://www.caiso.com/todays-outlook
        
               | epistasis wrote:
               | That's because residential solar is eating up the daytime
               | peak, thus the duck curve. Residential solar is already
               | saving the state tons of money on T&D costs.
               | 
               | (And becuase the Wikipedia for duck curve shows a day in
               | October rather than a summer day where the peak is much
               | higher, yes the annual peak does coincide with when solar
               | is outputting a ton of power.)
        
               | eldaisfish wrote:
               | CalISO's charts disagree with you.
               | 
               | Gross peak demand is in the late evening, well after the
               | solar peak. Solar noon in western California is around
               | 13:00.
               | 
               | https://www.caiso.com/documents/gross-and-net-load-peaks-
               | fac...
        
               | epistasis wrote:
               | You misunderstand the charts, these do not take into
               | account residential solar. The reason the peak is getting
               | pushed into the evening is because residential solar
               | doesn't even show up on the chart.
               | 
               | Look at the difference between gross and net: this is
               | utility scale shaving off the peak. This is what is
               | happening with residential solar too, which is not shown.
        
         | BrtByte wrote:
         | The fact that so many people are turning their homes into mini
         | power plants is less a triumph of individualism and more a
         | symptom of a broken system
        
           | ZeroGravitas wrote:
           | Abstracting away from any particular grid regulatory
           | environment, distributed solar and batteries make sense and
           | make more and more sense as the cost reduces.
           | 
           | Another way of saying that, if we were playing a city
           | simulator as a disembodied beneficent dictator you'd want
           | distributed generation and storage as part of your grid.
           | 
           | In reality there's all sorts of complications, compromises,
           | trade-offs, graft and politics but on balance those factors
           | are working against distributed solar which is succeeding
           | despite them.
           | 
           | Some people have a knee-jerk reaction to anything that
           | requires legislation, regulation or subsidies which clouds
           | the issue though.
        
             | sneak wrote:
             | There's distributed and then there's piecemeal. It doesn't
             | make sense to try to fit large energy storage safely inside
             | every residential building.
             | 
             | You could build fireproof mini storage substations in
             | blocks or subdivisions to load shift, but taking a chunk
             | out of everyone's garage space and forcing every person to
             | do inverter and battery maintenance is silly.
        
           | alabastervlog wrote:
           | Yeah nothing about home install solar + battery soundly
           | beating utility power prices _even paying retail rates for
           | equipment and labor_ for years on end, as prices on the
           | equipment falls year after year, while utility power prices
           | keep going up makes any fucking sense.
        
       | alex-moon wrote:
       | Having done some work around net zero policy I am increasingly
       | convinced that this is the way forward, and indeed that this will
       | be the way things are done normally maybe 10-20 years from now.
       | The concept is called "distributed generation" and in UK each
       | distribution network keeps an "embedded capacity register" which
       | is basically all the distributed energy resources that are
       | connected to the grid at distribution level (i.e. in the local
       | area). Over here the national grid largely operates at or over
       | capacity, which is a very serious problem for the immediate
       | future, especially as more and more power is drained by compute-
       | heavy infrastructure (data centers and such). Distributed
       | generation is an attractive solution for households regardless of
       | which angle you look at it from.
        
         | looofooo0 wrote:
         | Well problem in the UK is that in summer there is like a
         | magnitude more power from PV then in winter.
        
           | calgoo wrote:
           | I personally feel there should be more allowance for small
           | personal wind generators in sub-urban areas. That would
           | offset a bit at least in winter for places like the UK. Not
           | sure what the actual laws are, but I can assume councils wont
           | be too happy about someone putting one up on their home.
        
             | Teever wrote:
             | I was under the impression that small wind generators at
             | the scale of suburban backyards are really uneconomical and
             | don't produce sufficient energy for anything of practical
             | use.
        
               | bbarnett wrote:
               | I wonder what studies may exist on this. Were they all
               | funded by Big Wind?
        
               | teamonkey wrote:
               | Laws of physics: maximum power that can be generated is
               | proportional to the swept area of the blades. So it
               | scales exponentially as blade length increases.
        
               | kragen wrote:
               | The swept area of the blades scales quadratically with
               | the blade length, not exponentially. Exponential scaling
               | is _f_ ( _x_ ) = _knx_ , not _f_ ( _x_ ) = _kxn_.
               | 
               | The difference between quadratic scaling and exponential
               | scaling is earth-shatteringly enormous; this is not some
               | minor detail.
               | 
               | With quadratic scaling, if f(1) = 1 and f(2) = 4, then
               | f(10) = 100.
               | 
               | With exponential scaling, if f(1) = 1 and f(2) = 4, then
               | f(10) = 262144, a 2600x difference. And the difference
               | gets bigger from there on out.
        
               | teamonkey wrote:
               | Unfortunately I can no longer edit the post, but of
               | course you're right. Max generated power is proportional
               | to (blade length)^2, therefore quadratic, not
               | exponential.
        
               | eldaisfish wrote:
               | small wind turbines are also horrendously unreliable
               | because of mechanical failure. Same logic as to why
               | pickup trucks are generally more reliable than a smart
               | car.
        
             | detaro wrote:
             | Wind generators really scale with size though. Small ones
             | rarely make sense
        
               | kragen wrote:
               | If the objective is to reduce the number of hours you're
               | not self-sufficient for a given battery size, or reduce
               | the size of your expensive batteries, even a couple
               | hundred watts could make sense.
               | 
               | https://www.amazon.com/NINILADY-Vertical-Generator-
               | Controlle... is a 600-watt-peak wind generator, designed
               | for 11m/s winds, for sale in the US for US$300,
               | presumably much cheaper in countries that aren't
               | descending into kleptocratic tyranny. (I talked to
               | someone who recently bought something similar for US$60.
               | I think it was a 300-watt turbine.) It's a vertical-axis
               | type, less than a meter in diameter. No worries about
               | annoying the neighbors, and it'll probably do a great job
               | of keeping your fridge running most of the time when it's
               | cloudy.
               | 
               | 50C/ per peak watt would be a terrible, uncompetitive
               | price if you were a utility company considering how to
               | build a wind farm to sell power for profit. But, if
               | you're a homeowner seeking energy self-sufficiency
               | because your Public Utilities Commission is trying to
               | throw you under the bus because of regulatory capture,
               | it's pretty affordable.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | The issue is the payback is not worth the hate from your
               | neighbors and capital cost. at least solar panels are
               | quiet.
        
               | kragen wrote:
               | If you have a house, you aren't going to get hate from
               | your neighbors for a tiny turbine like this; it may not
               | be quite as silent as solar panels, but it's pretty
               | quiet.
        
               | alex-moon wrote:
               | Hence "community energy" - you do it with your neighbours
               | - this model has worked in Scotland before -
               | https://www.resilience.org/stories/2019-07-16/rebel-
               | cities-t... - here is one from earlier this year -
               | https://www.thenational.scot/news/24993445.local-groups-
               | bid-... - and recent changes in planning legislation mean
               | we should be seeing more of these in England in the near
               | future -
               | https://communityenergyengland.org/pages/community-wind
        
               | kragen wrote:
               | Community energy makes sense for 2,000,000-watt windmills
               | like the ones in your first article, but not for a
               | 600-watt rooftop windmill that's less than a meter
               | across. The 2,000,000-watt windmill _ought to_ cost less
               | per watt, but it requires successfully coordinating the
               | community to support it (cf. the note in your third link
               | about a  "de facto ban on new onshore wind projects"
               | being lifted). And looking at
               | https://www.canarymedia.com/articles/wind/chart-wind-
               | turbine... it looks like over the period 02015 to 02022
               | the prices of big windmills consistently stayed in the
               | range of 80C/ to 130C/ per peak watt, which is actually
               | _more_ than the 50C/ per peak watt of the mail-order
               | Amazon rooftop windmill.
        
             | pjc50 wrote:
             | Uneconomical and the sort of thing that _really_ annoys the
             | neighbors. We only just got onshore wind unbanned entirely,
             | and Reform are heavily against permitting renewables at
             | all.
        
             | victorbjorklund wrote:
             | They barely produce anything at all. You really need a
             | bigger one and putting it very high up for it to generate
             | any real power.
        
             | butshouldyou wrote:
             | Every reply is talking about how wind doesn't make sense,
             | how its uneconomical, or how its a nuisance. I can offer an
             | opposing take:
             | 
             | My father has been using wind power in a semi-suburban area
             | in the Uk for close to 20 years now. They have a large wind
             | turbine now but had a much smaller one for a long time.
             | Outside of cookie-cutter estates, there's sufficient tree
             | and building cover that its barely visible to the
             | neighbors. It provides most of their home power.
        
           | sgt wrote:
           | Eventually it'll become noisy, yet provide little value.
        
           | kragen wrote:
           | No, having more power isn't a problem for solar; unlike coal
           | or nuclear, solar can curtail production instantly and
           | without suffering wear and tear. The problem is that in the
           | UK in the winter there is an order of magnitude _less_ power
           | from PV than in the summer.
        
             | looofooo0 wrote:
             | magnitude less power from PV than in the summer
             | 
             | magnitude more power from PV than in the winter
             | 
             | That is a tautology.
        
               | butshouldyou wrote:
               | However, the implied meaning is significant. This site is
               | full of engineers who, if they're good, invest a lot of
               | time into understanding the implied meaning of what's
               | said.
        
         | BrtByte wrote:
         | Add smart storage and demand response, and you've basically got
         | a decentralized resilience network
        
         | pjc50 wrote:
         | One of those areas where policy action is desperately needed
         | but no attention is paid due to media dysfunction. I think the
         | UK would benefit from region-specific pricing, to move the
         | datacenters closer to generation rather than urban
         | environments. It would also encourage more embedded generation
         | in expensive areas.
        
           | ta1243 wrote:
           | Politics however them collides, with "postcode lottery"
           | headlines
           | 
           | Democracy really limits governments
        
             | ta1243 wrote:
             | And despite HN people not liking this reality, here's some
             | examples
             | 
             | https://www.gbnews.com/money/energy-bills-rise-postcode-
             | lott...
             | 
             | https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/energy-
             | prices...
        
             | pjc50 wrote:
             | Yeah. It would be more accurate to say that newspapers hate
             | local government as a concept, but a lot of the public are
             | happy to go along with that and get peeved about any
             | difference which is pointed out to them.
             | 
             | (nobody ever describes house prices as a "postcode
             | lottery"!)
        
               | ta1243 wrote:
               | Talk radio and TV are just as bad, as are the opposition.
               | If Tories proposed it, Labour would be up in arms about
               | postcode lottery. If Labour proposed it, exactly the same
               | from the other side.
               | 
               | Doesn't matter how sensible it is, the other side will
               | use it to score points. I can't believe for a second that
               | Liberal Democrats think that James Dyson or Andrew Lloyd
               | Webber should be able to avoid inheritance tax by buying
               | tens of millions of pounds of farmland, but it's
               | politically beneficial for them to do so.
        
           | 7952 wrote:
           | The cost for generators to connect is already based on region
           | (TNUoS pricing).
        
         | JKCalhoun wrote:
         | Love to see housing developments, rather than just adding an
         | overbearing HOA, would instead consider neighborhood power
         | grids (and perhaps a collective ISP while we're wishing for
         | things).
        
           | butshouldyou wrote:
           | There really aren't any HOAs in the UK. Some newer houses
           | have a covenant which resticts some things but people push
           | back on those pretty hard.
        
       | leovander wrote:
       | I feel like they overpaid maybe because they got direct to
       | consumer rates for the gear. If you would have went through a
       | full on solar installer that solar system would have come out to
       | less than $15k, throw in having to get the subpanel and a reroof
       | you would maybe be looking at $30k all in. (Not including the
       | batteries, but by the time he got to the batteries I feel like
       | his budget was way overboard even going the non-microinverter
       | route).
       | 
       | Make sure you are buying and not leasing from the company, have
       | that all rolled into a single loan and then you claim the tax
       | credits to help pay for the reroof.
       | 
       | To add to this, they take care of getting the certified roofers,
       | the city permits for both the roof and solar and handle the PTO
       | for you, which from what you called out is even more costs.
        
         | madaxe_again wrote:
         | No way, man - yes, they overpaid for some of their gear, but
         | the labour cost of an installer ends up being most of what you
         | pay.
         | 
         | No, the smart move here is to find out where the installers buy
         | from, and buy from them. I never explicitly stated I was or
         | wasn't an installer, they just assumed that I was, as I was
         | buying pallets of panels and kilometres of cabling.
         | 
         | The _one_ advantage of going with a professional installer is
         | that it makes it a lot easier to get grants - I had to spin up
         | a company and invoice myself to get my rebate.
        
       | babushkaboi wrote:
       | This is brilliant. Energy self-sufficiency often associated with
       | off-grid eccentricity,looks engineerable for city homes. Goes to
       | show that the more "personal" our energy solutions become, the
       | more they reflect institutional failure. Wonder how this scales
       | and if it does what are the political implications?
       | 
       | Funnily enough back home along the equator, having a solar setup
       | still is a social signal of luxury!
        
       | donnachangstein wrote:
       | [flagged]
        
         | esskay wrote:
         | Ah yes...because the simple solution is always "just pack up
         | your life, leave behind your family and friends, and relocate
         | half way across the country".
        
           | donnachangstein wrote:
           | Relocating is a simpler ask to most ordinary people than is
           | turning their garage into a battery vault.
        
             | Dylan16807 wrote:
             | That's the most ridiculous claim I've seen in a while.
             | 
             | Giving up one foot of space along one garage wall is not a
             | big deal. And if you're worried about physically getting
             | the batteries into place, hiring people would still be
             | cheaper than movers.
             | 
             | Also, a basement that removes cooling costs for the home
             | lab would not make a big difference. If the 800W A/C unit
             | runs 8 hours a day for 4 months out of the year, then it's
             | only about 10% of the home lab power use. Since it's not
             | needed at night it's probably even less.
        
             | jajko wrote:
             | From logical/cost perspective maybe, from emotional not so
             | much... is it really that hard to see it?
        
             | esskay wrote:
             | Yeah sorry but thats the most insane take anyone could
             | have. You're again quite litterally saying upping sticks
             | and moving across country, so new job, losing friends and
             | family, etc is the best option, vs losing a big of garage
             | space...
        
           | willis936 wrote:
           | Unironically that is what cost-of-living is forcing a lot of
           | people to do in coastal cities. If you have a cushy six
           | figure salary you aren't faced with that reality, but it's
           | different for median-income.
        
         | borski wrote:
         | Yeah, because you don't lose anything by living in the middle
         | of nowhere.
         | 
         | There are benefits to being in the bay area, too. This
         | _happens_ to not be one of them.
         | 
         | Living in "a part of the country that has basements" is no
         | utopia either.
         | 
         | Also: my house, in the bay area... has a basement.
        
         | Cthulhu_ wrote:
         | That cellar wouldn't stay that temperature once they put a 1 kW
         | heater element in there though.
        
         | BrtByte wrote:
         | Yeah, he spent a ton, but he clearly wanted to stay where he is
         | and took control of the situation in a way that fits his
         | priorities
        
         | lostlogin wrote:
         | Many of us like where we live, like our jobs and like our warn
         | out old houses.
         | 
         | There are plenty of more efficient ways of doing things, but I
         | still stuck solar on this old, energy inefficient house.
        
       | gniv wrote:
       | I don't understand the comment about the small battery from
       | installers. Don't they allow customization?
        
       | davedx wrote:
       | He estimated break even at 2-3 years.
        
       | agumonkey wrote:
       | reddit thread with the article author commenting
       | https://old.reddit.com/r/bayarea/comments/1kpm2cb/i_got_sick...
        
       | g0ran wrote:
       | "they have come out and said what we knew all along: they only
       | care about profits."
       | 
       | Not the detract from the rest of the article, but - it's a
       | company, what did you expect?
        
         | lostlogin wrote:
         | I'm cynical, but most companies do have some scruples.
         | 
         | Eg basic environmental care/policies or how they handle staff
         | and customers.
        
         | davedx wrote:
         | It's a public utility, possibly with monopoly pricing power.
         | There are other well known economic models around for managing
         | public utilities, that mean profits don't get prioritised above
         | everything else
        
       | dzhiurgis wrote:
       | Okay I finally did this earlier this year too and it took quite a
       | bit less than that. Started with impulse buy of invert at an
       | online auction end of January. Installed last panels end of
       | April. 3 months. Quite a bit of it was waiting for third parties
       | or just me being lazy and not ordering parts I needed. I've
       | wanted them for years beforehand so I did some research.
       | 
       | For actual labor - it's about half days to install roof racks (I
       | have shingle roof so quite a bit of time on angle grinder).
       | Another half day to put panels on (requires 1 or more helpers),
       | run a cable thru roof space. I've installed 12 panels on 2 facia.
       | 
       | My hack was hiring electrician to install inverter so I can
       | export to grid (I'm in New Zealand).
        
         | BrtByte wrote:
         | Funny how half the battle is just... remembering to order the
         | right parts ahead of time
        
           | dzhiurgis wrote:
           | Kinda by design. Didn't want to do shoddy things or have to
           | re-do which means waiting and taking things slow.
        
       | apexalpha wrote:
       | > I found three companies and gave them my PG&E usage for the
       | past year (about 16,000 kwh) and got three quotes ranging from
       | ~45 -- 55k.
       | 
       | Wow these rates are crazy. A 10kW setup costs you maybe EUR10.000
       | all-in here in the Netherlands.
       | 
       | What's going on with these rates? Do they already include the
       | ridiculous tarrifs?
       | 
       | A new battery setup for a 20kWh LFP battery + 10 kW inverter +
       | installation is EUR7000 now.
       | 
       | And dropping, fast.
       | 
       | Assuming batteries and PV come from China, someone in California
       | is making _a lot_ of money or the government is straining the
       | process with bureaucracy costing $30.000 per setup.
        
         | bdcravens wrote:
         | Prices were high even during the Biden administration.
         | 
         | Markups due to subsidies are a part of it.
        
           | pjc50 wrote:
           | Subsidy causing high prices? You're going to have to explain
           | that.
        
             | isoprophlex wrote:
             | - Subsidy starts: prices drop.
             | 
             | - Greed kicks in because capitalism: prices rise again,
             | maybe not back to pre-subsidy levels, but they rise.
             | 
             | - Subsidy gets axed: prices rise to above pre-subsidy
             | levels.
             | 
             | (Note: I'm personally entirely pro "subsidize things you
             | want more of". But that requires a stable, trustworthy
             | government that plans on longer timescales.)
        
               | apexalpha wrote:
               | Sounds like a situation where there's not enough
               | competition.
               | 
               | the Netherlands had a net-metering subsidiy + good
               | competition + frictionless install and as a result we
               | have 3,5 solar panels _per person_ installed.
        
               | bdcravens wrote:
               | Or price fixing.
        
               | genericresponse wrote:
               | There are two more steps:
               | 
               | - Demand drops due to increased price to buyers.
               | 
               | - Prices drop so manufacturers can remain profitable.
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | > Greed kicks in because capitalism
               | 
               | There were no greedy people before capitalism. Of that we
               | can be sure.
        
               | komali2 wrote:
               | Greed is a Bad attribute in basically every ethical
               | system and religion throughout history.
               | 
               | Capitalism, on the contrary, rewards it. The _best_ way
               | to be under capitalism is greedy (sneakily so, if
               | necessary).
               | 
               | So yes, it is uniquely new to have a value system that
               | rewards greed.
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | It doesn't reward greed, it rewards value. You could just
               | as well say national borders reward invasions.
        
               | ty6853 wrote:
               | No, greed is a necessary component. Because under
               | capitalism both parties don't execute the trade,
               | rationally at least, unless both are greedily better off.
               | 
               | Without greed it goes from a positive sum system to a
               | destructive system because you no longer have the parties
               | being better off from the transaction. From a cursory
               | standpoint that might be ok (the economy won't implode if
               | some small fraction does this like a minority of
               | commercial activity being charity functions) but you
               | basically lose most the information conveyed in prices
               | and cost causing complete loss of productive allocation
               | and it is an economic implosion.
        
               | isoprophlex wrote:
               | Do note that nothing in this system incentivizes
               | behaviour that creates societies that could last, say,
               | several hundred years.
        
               | jagger27 wrote:
               | The perpetual existence of greed is not a good enough
               | reason to structure all of society around that singular
               | trait.
        
             | empiko wrote:
             | Customer is willing to pay 10k. Supplier will charge 10k.
             | 
             | Customer is willing to pay 10k, state is willing to pay 5k.
             | Supplier will charge 15k.
        
               | ta1243 wrote:
               | That applies with inelastic goods - land for example -
               | where supply can't increase
               | 
               | Assuming the base cost is 8k
               | 
               | Supplier A and Supplier B charge 15k and have 100
               | customers between them, making 350k each
               | 
               | Supplier B decides to undercut Supplier A, and charge
               | 14k, and get all the customers, making 600k profit
               | 
               | Customer might be willing to pay 10k, but if there's two
               | identical quotes, one for 10k and one for 9k they'll go
               | for the 9k
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | > Customer might be willing to pay 10k, but if there's
               | two identical quotes, one for 10k and one for 9k they'll
               | go for the 9k
               | 
               | But you see the point. There's a comfortable cushion
               | where everyone can make more money off the taxpayer and
               | have an easier time of it. Spend a bit of it on better
               | marketing to elevate yourself and justify the higher
               | price in people's minds.
        
               | ta1243 wrote:
               | Only if you believe that the invisible hand of the market
               | doesn't work
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | I'm not sure government incentives allow the free market
               | to do its work, then. Why would you think it would?
        
               | ta1243 wrote:
               | government incentives help to reduce the externalities
               | 
               | You seem to think that two companies selling product A
               | will rather sell 50 for $10 per unit profit than 100 for
               | $9 per unit profit because it's easier.
               | 
               | I mean, it's a view, sure.
        
             | acatton wrote:
             | There was a study in France showing that for rent
             | subsidies.[1]
             | 
             | In France, the state pays max(rate * rent, cap) for
             | apartments for students, unemployed and poor workers.
             | Usually people don't qualify for ratio of the rent, because
             | it's way over the cap for the subsidy. To keep up with
             | inflation, the state re-evaluate the cap of the subsidy
             | almost every year.
             | 
             | A french economist showed that there was a correlation
             | between the cap of the rent subsidy and the rental market
             | prices for small apartments. Of course, correlation is not
             | causation, it could just be that the rental market follows
             | the inflation as much as the cap. But this correlation
             | doesn't happen for bigger and more luxurious appartments.
             | Her explanation is that your poor household is only ready
             | to afford EUR100 per month, as an example, the subsidy cap
             | is EUR500, so the rental market prices these apartments to
             | EUR600 (= 100 + 500). When the state re-evaluate the cap to
             | EUR550, the rental market goes up to EUR650. (= 100 + 150)
             | 
             | [1] https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/1376573/es
             | 381-3...
        
               | genericresponse wrote:
               | The key difference in the markets is that it takes a very
               | long time to build more apartments and houses, especially
               | in France. There also isn't an option to not have
               | housing. (Low elasticity) That keeps the short term
               | supply effectively static. Same amount of supply,
               | increase in money spent, inflation.
               | 
               | In a market like solar, there is production of more solar
               | systems. There are also multiple readily available
               | substitutes. (e.g. on-grid power) The effect of the
               | subsidy should drive increased volume from manufacturers,
               | keeping net price stable.
        
           | jandrese wrote:
           | Costs are also high for solar installers in the US. It is a
           | relatively dangerous job (on par with roofers) which makes
           | health insurance premiums unaffordable. The permitting
           | process is also quite onerous in a great many localities,
           | involving multiple parties (your installer, the HOA, the
           | city, the county, the power company) and multiple
           | inspections. US installers also tend to provide generous
           | warranty plans, 15 years parts and labor is typical, and have
           | to make sure they have the capital to honor them. This is
           | especially a problem as some solar hardware manufacturers
           | have had some serious quality control issues, especially on
           | the inverters, and have resulted in quite a lot more warranty
           | work than was initially expected.
           | 
           | The other issue was just plain pent-up demand. Installers
           | could charge what they wanted because there weren't enough of
           | them to go around, even as everybody and their dog started
           | their own installer business. Many of those businesses were
           | poorly run and have since gone under, leaving the homeowners
           | high and dry when the inverter craps out and they're told by
           | every other installer that they will not work on someone
           | else's install and also told by the inverter manufacturer
           | that if they attempt to replace the hardware themselves it
           | will result in their warranty being voided.
        
         | slavik81 wrote:
         | For comparison, my 10 kW solar install completed last week cost
         | 24k CAD (15k EUR). That's just panels, inverters and
         | installation. The incremental cost was likely in part due to
         | the ~160% tariffs on solar panels imposed by the Canadian
         | government, but not all.
        
           | testing22321 wrote:
           | Ouch. My 7.8kW system fully installed was 13k CAD ( a bunch
           | was DIY)
           | 
           | Had it for a year now. Generated 7.7kWh which is worth $950.
           | Took out natural gas, power bill for the entire year (heat
           | pump, elec hot water) was $1000.
           | 
           | Snowy mountain town in a tight valley in BC.
        
         | pjc50 wrote:
         | Crazy stuff. Ten years ago I paid PS5.5k GBP for a 3.7kW
         | system. Since then I would expect the labour component to have
         | gone up but the panels to have come down. I guess the skilled
         | labour shortage in the US is having a very real effect on
         | prices.
         | 
         | Under the subsidy rules for feed-in-tariffs at the time, that
         | had to be done with an MCS approved installer. All work in
         | England would require an approved "Part P" signoff anyway.
         | However it did not require council planning approva, nor grid
         | approval for that size of system.
        
           | ty6853 wrote:
           | There's not a shortage of skilled labor so much in US as
           | there is a shortage of people able to go through the
           | racketeering process of getting a contractor license, which
           | also requires being a half-slave to someone with a license
           | for a number of years. It's straight up mercantilist style
           | shake-down to benefit prior entrants. It is easier in US to
           | become an electrical engineer than it is to become a guy who
           | adds a new outlet to a room addition, but that has nothing to
           | do with skill.
           | 
           | In fact when I was first hired as an engineer, it was
           | actually someone that wanted an electrician but hired EEs
           | instead because they are cheaper and more readily available.
           | 
           | One of the worst is something like installing HVAC stuff. I
           | got an EPA refrigerant license in 2 days of studying and then
           | did my own myself. If I wanted to install it for a profit for
           | someone else, I would have to spend 4 years working for
           | someone else with a license first to get the contractor
           | license! The end result is it legitimately cost like $700 to
           | have a single capacitor replaced on an air conditioner, and
           | in places like Florida if you do it for someone else without
           | years of 'training' you're now a felon.
        
             | bityard wrote:
             | I always found solar farm engineering intensely interesting
             | and looked seriously into becoming an electrician as a
             | second career as something to "retire into" once I got sick
             | of working in tech. And like you say, it turns out it's not
             | something you can just make a lateral move into, no matter
             | how quickly you can learn and how hard you're willing to
             | study. "Becoming an electrician" is a young person's game.
        
               | ty6853 wrote:
               | There are a few places where you can work as an
               | electrician without a license. Might be the same bumfuck
               | places where solar or wind farms are. I think most of
               | them are in the midwest or plain states.
               | 
               | Where I live you can't but go figure you can become a
               | licensed finish carpenter with a simple test.
               | 
               | One loophole I looked I might look into some day is
               | moving to another state with the least requirements for a
               | license, then getting it, then transferring it to another
               | state, which is allowed at least here.
        
         | markvdb wrote:
         | I see 7kEUR for 12kWp, retail, for a diy ground install set for
         | our summer house. That's before 4kEUR in subsidies. No net
         | metering, and feedin compensation is capped at 0.02EUR/kWh. But
         | at 3kEUR net, who cares? Even with the low electricity rates
         | here, this makes sense. Even for a summer house!
        
           | bradfa wrote:
           | In my town in NY state USA, they require a stamped
           | engineering drawing for a ground mount system and it has to
           | be rated for wind and snow load. Most of the ground mounts
           | which come with stamped drawings have run about $1/W total
           | cost which will meet my local needs for a set of panels in
           | the 5kW to 20kW size range. This cost includes concrete, all
           | support structure, and the racking that the panels attach to.
           | This cost does not include panels, wiring, nor inverter.
           | 
           | If you're able to get a 12kW rated full system, including
           | racking, panels, and inverter for the equivalent of $1/W
           | that's an amazing deal! I wish prices here were like that.
        
         | KaiserPro wrote:
         | Batteries are dropping fast in price, but for the USA, they
         | might be going up because of tariffs. Neatly sidestepping that:
         | 
         | I have a powerwall 2 with 5kw panels, which I've had since
         | about 2021. At the time it was the biggest, cheapest, had a
         | grid isolation mode, and could be mounted outside. (I didn't
         | trust tesla back then, and I sure as shit don't now. Moreover,
         | once it catches fire, that shit aint going out anytime soon)
         | 
         | It still cost about PS7k installed.
         | 
         | From about march/april to end of october, we are power
         | sufficient (london, even with rainy days, gas hot water
         | though.)
         | 
         | If I were to get a new system, 13kwhr of battery is something
         | like PS2k, plus inverter/charger.
         | 
         | The panels are dirt cheap, to the point where the scaffolding
         | costs more than the panels. (and the mounts.)
        
         | deadfoxygrandpa wrote:
         | and now you know why america's GDP is so high
        
         | ty6853 wrote:
         | In USA, as a general off the cuff that may be wrong, DIY prices
         | is generally ~1/3 of contractor price.
         | 
         | A $45k quote would correspond roughly to 14k euro of materials.
        
         | dbetteridge wrote:
         | Similarly in Australia I recently paid about $10k AUD (after
         | subsidies) for 13kw of panels and a 10kw inverter.
         | 
         | New subsidies this year for batteries mean I can get a 15kwh
         | battery installed for around 2-3k AUD
        
         | gdubs wrote:
         | I posted above about the price because when we've gotten quotes
         | - and this is over a year back - they were really high! Not
         | sure what the deal is because the graphs all show the cost of
         | green electricity cratering; but somehow on the residential
         | side of things here in the U.S - even in rural areas with very
         | relaxed restrictions - it's super pricey!
        
       | louwrentius wrote:
       | This solar installation is quite large and quite expensive.
       | 
       | There is a whole cottage industry of DIY 48V 15kWh batteries
       | based on LFP prismatic cells (16x) and special battery case
       | resulting a price of around 1500 Euro for 15 kWh.
       | 
       | A DIY setup is quite doable, Deye (EG4) or Victron make suitable
       | inverters.
       | 
       | The continuous 1 kW power draw I find Ludicrous, probably
       | especially as a European. I would realy rethink what is
       | absolutely necessary. Huge data storage was my hobby but the
       | storage server is only turned on when required, saves a lot of
       | power.
        
       | meitham wrote:
       | forget the technology, what is that gorgeous snake-like plant in
       | the picture by the blue stairs? I need that
        
         | elmolino89 wrote:
         | Not sure if the identification by the PlantNet is the correct
         | one, but you may check [1]Asparagus aethiopicus
         | 
         | 1 https://www.backyardboss.net/asparagus-fern-guide/
        
           | meitham wrote:
           | Thank you, I think that's the one!
        
             | elmolino89 wrote:
             | If you like the general shape you may look into various
             | Echium species. Echium wildpretii is just stunning.
        
       | bloodyplonker22 wrote:
       | Guy claims he's tired of paying for electricity because of the
       | "ludacris" (sic) costs so he's going to "DIY". Yet, first thing
       | he does is pay a guy to do it.
        
         | BrtByte wrote:
         | Yeah but come on, there's a big difference between paying
         | someone to design plans vs handing over the whole project to a
         | solar installer
        
         | lvturner wrote:
         | capex vs opex
        
         | Mawr wrote:
         | Yeah. He didn't even mine the lithium for his batteries
         | himself, what a sham.
        
       | cyri wrote:
       | I did build my own solar system too. In Switzerland.
       | 
       | Took me 1-2 month planning and then 3 month building it alone
       | nearly each day. Sept 2023 til Xmas 2023. Got all the hardware
       | from a PV dealer friend on his purchase price level. Even 24
       | panels I have put myself alone onto the roof. With two persons it
       | was a bit better.
       | 
       | I've got: 420w x 71 Trina solar panels and two SolarEdge
       | inverters. SE10K Hybrid and a SE17k. Also a 24kWh BYD LFP
       | battery.
       | 
       | All prices without state funding: Offers from local installers
       | for 56*410W Panels without battery were around 65k CHF.
       | 
       | I've paid now 44k CHF including every kind of cost associated
       | with building it.
       | 
       | Should write a blog post about it :-)
       | 
       | Next project is a solar fence with 6kWp.
        
         | pingou wrote:
         | What do you do with that much electricity? Was it necessary to
         | over-dimension for winter?
        
           | yvan wrote:
           | If you have an EV that can be charged only at night, a big
           | battery is required.
        
             | cyri wrote:
             | For solar excess charging I use evcc.io
             | 
             | When I charge the car via battery then only down to ~75%
             | for now. The remaining energy is needed by the house during
             | winter months.
        
           | raphael_l wrote:
           | I would also be interested in the reasoning here!
           | 
           | Just for comparisons sake, our 8.6kwP setup with a 10kwH
           | battery cost us (after subsidies from governemnt) appr.
           | ~EUR11.5k. Haven't received all the subsidies yet, so the
           | total will be lower by about 1.5k (I think). Everything was
           | done through installers, we didn't lift a finger (also
           | couldn't, because when it comes to electricity I have as much
           | experience as the dog next door).
           | 
           | If I had more due diligence before I would have scaled up the
           | panels up to at least 10kwP, for future proofing probably to
           | 12kwP. This is mostly just to make sure winter is covered
           | better, as our production is really low as we have a 10deg
           | flat roof installation.
        
           | cyri wrote:
           | Of course it is a bit oversized.
           | 
           | We're living in a big river valley where we have fog from
           | October until March. On some days in November the fog is so
           | dense that the whole system does not produce any kind of
           | energy. On the other days the produced kWh are enough to
           | charge the battery.
           | 
           | We have a heat pump (extrem efficient), servers, one electric
           | car, etc which consumes all together around 13MWh per year.
           | The solar system produces around 27.5MWh. Most of the energy
           | gets fed back into the grid.
           | 
           | We're currently investigating to connect the neighbour houses
           | physically to us. But that takes even more time here :-(
        
             | amenghra wrote:
             | FYI: Neighborhood-level connections are changing starting
             | next January (look up RCP and CEL).
        
               | butshouldyou wrote:
               | They're in Switzerland.
        
               | amenghra wrote:
               | Yes, how neighborhood-level connections are setup in
               | Switzerland is changing next year.
               | 
               | See eg
               | https://www.swissolar.ch/fr/connaissances/nouvelle-loi-
               | sur-l... (post written in French)
        
         | kragen wrote:
         | How much did you pay for the panels, and what's your capacity
         | factor? (Kilowatt hours produced on average per nominal peak
         | kilowatt.)
        
       | jillesvangurp wrote:
       | Great to see DIY early adopters getting great savings here. I
       | think the bigger trend here is lower cost, commoditization, and
       | it eventually becoming a no-brainer for people that have the
       | opportunity/space to be running their own micro grids for cost
       | reasons. The cost of what you need here is still quite high. But
       | making things easier to plug together helps. And of course
       | component cost is coming down.
       | 
       | For example, you can buy kits on amazon for powering your shed or
       | boat and it's essentially a smaller version of what you would put
       | on your house. No electricians needed. No permits required. Here
       | in Germany you can buy balcony solar kits in the supermarket.
       | They only deliver a few hundred watts of power but it's plug and
       | play. And you can get a nice little subsidy to do that. Some of
       | these kits only cost a couple of hundred euro.
       | 
       | I could see that eventually adding a microgrid to a building is
       | not going to break the bank. Car batteries are much larger than
       | what goes in a house and kwh prices are trending well below
       | 100$/kwh now. Meaning it should not cost tens of thousands to get
       | a couple of tens of kwh to store energy. Inverters shouldn't
       | break the bank either. The going rate for solar panels is around
       | 200$.
       | 
       | Mostly current prices for home setups are much higher than the
       | component cost mainly due to regulations, labor cost,
       | certifications, etc. If you go off grid, you can just DIY and you
       | end up much closer to the component cost. But of course long term
       | both component cost and other cost are coming down. With the
       | exception of labor cost probably. Though the skills needed will
       | become more common and you might be able to do a lot of work
       | yourself.
        
       | speedbird wrote:
       | Am interested in the DC-AC--DC- Battery-AC vs DC-DC-Battery-AC
       | efficiency argument. As in there must be a DC-DC conversion
       | happening to charge batteries appropriately.
        
         | davedx wrote:
         | Stepping voltage up or down isnt as lossy (or expensive) as
         | converting from AC<->DC
        
           | rssoconnor wrote:
           | As someone not into electronics, can you explain how that
           | works. I'm only familiar with transformers which, of course,
           | require AC?
        
       | aa-jv wrote:
       | I have a minor interest in this subject as well, and after some
       | thinking I realized that my personal solar interests are best
       | served by electro-mechanical harvesting of solar energy, first
       | and foremost .. since a full-blown EV solar rig would require the
       | purchase of components I cannot myself personally make very
       | easily.
       | 
       | This summer I'm building a solar oven to cook bread and veggies
       | with .. and if this works well, I'll build a solar death ray to
       | play with while I wait for lunch.
       | 
       | It seems to me that this is a potential route for the
       | popularization of off-grid/local-energy-harvesting movements to
       | gain more traction. Sure, its nice to have a whole roof full of
       | PV panels and a battery bank to sip juice from now and then, but
       | this still requires a heavy investment in foreign-originated
       | parts and materials.
       | 
       | A solar oven/solar death ray, however, is a lot more feasible to
       | produce locally.
        
       | KaiserPro wrote:
       | I have a solar system in my house in london. 5kw, 13kwhr battery.
       | I am self sufficient from end of march to october.
       | 
       | I recently got a second hand electric car. I bought an EV plug
       | (total fucking ripoff. its a fucking plug with a contactor, RCD
       | and a CAN interface. no way is that worth fucking PS600)
       | 
       | It has some basic control to allow me to charge from excess
       | solar. What is not easy to do is charge at night without draining
       | the house battery. Its fine for me, because I have Home
       | Assistant, with enough fiddling I can get all the systems to talk
       | to each other to play ball. (to add to the complication, I'm on a
       | variable rate tariff, so price can be negative or PS1 a kwhr)
       | 
       | I would really love a "house power API" that would allow a
       | "controller" to locally control the power behavior of all the
       | things in a house. Because at the moment, a "normal" person
       | wouldn't be able to charge their car and have house batteries and
       | have solar, and optimise for cost.
        
         | epiecs wrote:
         | If your electrical installation allows it: You can connect your
         | ev plug before the battery so that it does not drain the
         | battery. You can do this by placing the fuse/connection before
         | the measurement clamps for the battery. Somewhere in between
         | your mains connection and your battery/solar system.
         | 
         | This way the battery does not see the load and does not provide
         | power to your EV.
         | 
         | That way you can still use excess solar (before you inject it
         | into the mains) to charge your car + you do not pull power from
         | your battery :)
        
           | KaiserPro wrote:
           | The ideal solution is for the battery to have a third set of
           | clamps to measure the EV. But as I don't have installer
           | access to the software (centrally managed for the win) I'm
           | not sure thats possible.
           | 
           | I might ask to see if thats possible. I probably need more
           | panels to cover the winter load.
        
         | metalman wrote:
         | Midnight Solar are the OG company in off grid and they have a
         | "waste not" feature from way back that triggers any device when
         | the parameters you set are reached, ie: float voltage, and/or
         | other things, like a second set point where power would be sent
         | to a third load, like the grid or water heating.
         | https://www.midnitesolar.com/ hard core techies, even had the
         | pleasure of detailing my inadvertant and unsucessfull attempts
         | to melt one of there controlers.......literaly had a main lug
         | get loose, and the panels arc melted the lug to slag, and it
         | lived. in any case, there web site has a wealth of info on what
         | is possible, and to look for elsewhere
        
           | _whiteCaps_ wrote:
           | Midnite Classics are great... But the web APIs seem to be
           | deprecated. Do you know of any tools that can get data off
           | them?
        
         | throw0101b wrote:
         | > _no way is that worth fucking PS600)_
         | 
         | Liability coverage, and UL certification (or UK/EU equivalent),
         | for the company is. Though see perhaps:
         | 
         | * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenEVSE
         | 
         | > _I would really love a "house power API" that would allow a
         | "controller" to locally control the power behavior of all the
         | things in a house._
         | 
         | With regards to EV and the grid, see perhaps:
         | 
         | * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_15118
         | 
         | * Also: https://www.ampcontrol.io/post/what-are-ocpp-
         | iec-63110-iso-1...
         | 
         | For an (industrial) electrical communication protocol, perhaps:
         | 
         | * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEC_61850
        
         | philjohn wrote:
         | I mean, it's a bit more than a contactor and an RCD, it also
         | has PEN fault detection because TN-C-S is how most of us are
         | wired up to the grid.
         | 
         | Then for use with smart tariffs like IOG there's a
         | microcontroller, cloud gateway for them to hook into for OCCP
         | to turn on and off the charger when the grid is
         | cheapest/greenest etc.
         | 
         | So PS600 is about right, once you add in R&D, certification,
         | profit margin, warranty claim % etc.
        
           | KaiserPro wrote:
           | > Then for use with smart tariffs
           | 
           | I wish it had all of that. I would actually pay for that. The
           | Zappi from myenergi promises much but fails to deliver.
        
             | philjohn wrote:
             | That's odd - I've got the Zappi and it works perfectly with
             | Intelligent Octopus Go. Plug the car in, have a
             | HomeAssistant automation that detects this and sets the
             | "charge to add" on Octopus and enjoy the car being charged
             | the next morning.
             | 
             | I always recommend hardwiring it though, rather than
             | relying on Wifi through a brick wall.
        
         | bencyoung wrote:
         | We have https://www.myenergi.com/ for our car charger and it
         | seems to be able to integrate batteries, charging and panels
         | like you suggest, only you have to go all in. We have parts of
         | it and are tempted to use more, but the lock-in angle is a bit
         | off-putting
        
           | KaiserPro wrote:
           | Yeah I have a Zappi, but as you know its got no local API,
           | and it doesn't like getting warm. However it _cant_ control
           | my battery directly, because its made by tesla. (I mean thats
           | also my fault....)
           | 
           | I have also heard that if you go all in it works much better.
           | It does have the nice feature of diverting to other devices
           | instead of the grid, and giving priority to certain devices.
        
         | belorn wrote:
         | Would be interesting to know how London compare to Sweden.
         | Electricity here are generally about twice to four times more
         | expensive during the winter than during the summer, and energy
         | consumption is about twice the amount during winter compared to
         | summer. On average people here spend around 75% of the total
         | energy bill during winter.
        
         | SoftTalker wrote:
         | If your rates can go negative you should be charging the car
         | and house batteries at that time if possible and then selling
         | back to the grid at peak times. Does your home assistant get
         | real-time rate data and can it facilitate that?
        
       | venamresm__ wrote:
       | We also setup our own off-grid solar system, almost 4 years ago
       | now. The cost was much lower due to lower import fees and lack of
       | regulations where I live, it was altogether somewhere between
       | $3-4k total, for 16 panels, mounting rack, inverter (with backup
       | inverter), mptt, 12 acid-lead batteries, etc.. We saved so much
       | money, and fewer headaches, since state electricity only came
       | around 5-6h a day and people relied on scammy-mafia generator
       | providers that ask for insane prices.
        
       | thefz wrote:
       | > I have a rack in the garage that pulls a little less than 1kw.
       | That's 1kw 24/7/365
       | 
       | This is insane. And here I am shutting down nightly the drives in
       | my synology to save 20W.
        
         | sponaugle wrote:
         | Hold my beer!
        
       | bmqpo wrote:
       | With power issues in Nigeria (basically no power from my
       | perspective), I have been building my home solar system.
       | Currently at 9kw solar panels, 10kva inverter with 30kwh Chinese
       | LFP. Spent about $7,000 so far. Looking to eventually get to
       | 60kwh and at least 20kw in panels because of air conditioning
       | needs.
       | 
       | Waiting for government, my kids currently in primary school would
       | probably have graduated from college before they fix the power
       | situation (they are currently fixated on building roads to
       | nowhere).
        
       | growt wrote:
       | I missed the "power" when I skimmed the headline and clicked the
       | link. I was slightly dissapointed when I finally realised that
       | the OP is in fact not building his own solar system.
        
       | K0balt wrote:
       | I've been running a solar microgrid on my coffee farm for the
       | last 7years. We started with a few golf cart batteries and 4
       | panels, these days we're powering 4 houses, 7 cabins, water
       | extraction, treatment, and RO processing, campus-wide fiber
       | network and switches, path lighting, security systems, and a
       | small server rack.
       | 
       | We're running 6 inverters on our primary system in a three phase
       | configuration, 35kw of panels and 160kwh of lithium iron
       | batteries. About to add an additional 20kw of panels and a test
       | bank of LiTo cells.
       | 
       | Our panels are a distributed set of rooftop mounted panels on
       | various buildings, which also serves to shade the rooftops
       | reducing cooling loads.
       | 
       | We still have to run a generator to supplement charging on dark
       | overcast days, but it's typically about 100 hours a year. Hooping
       | to get that running on biomass eventually.
       | 
       | It's strange to me that people in rural areas pay for
       | electricity. It makes no economic sense, at least here in the
       | Caribbean.
        
         | account-5 wrote:
         | Would imagine it's the initial cost of seeing all that up, and
         | then the cost of maintenance. For me personally, where do you
         | even start?
        
           | K0balt wrote:
           | It grew organically so there was never a huge cost Really,
           | except when we decided to build a building for The power
           | plant because it was getting out of hand. It's been a few
           | thousand dollars a year in growth as we add batteries and
           | panels. Also a bit of labor for installation of course, but
           | we handle that in house.
        
             | boringg wrote:
             | How much are you valuing your own time? Theres money cost,
             | then theres time cost and the final one is in more remote
             | communities with cold weather... insurance costs on
             | failure...
             | 
             | Also to be clear - good on you for building out rural off
             | grid electrical. Its a fun project and satisfying no doubt
             | (outaide of costa)
        
               | Moto7451 wrote:
               | I don't know the OP's situation but I've seen that many
               | coffee growers have to do this because in high altitude
               | tropical areas there is simply no one who will do the
               | work anyway. They also have a very different regulatory
               | structure in practice to what we have in the continental
               | US and Europe.
               | 
               | I've spoken to people from Rural Georgia (which is about
               | an hour from Atlanta depending on the direction you're
               | driving) in Microcenter that are usually there to wire up
               | their farm or factory with sufficient network capacity to
               | keep production rolling. They have mentioned that they
               | have had to do their own trenching for last mile for
               | various services. Sometimes that means they literally
               | drive down to Herc rentals, pick up a trenching machine,
               | and do it themselves since the wait for someone else to
               | do it is months away and that's a long time if your
               | business needs internet, water, power, etc.
        
             | Aurornis wrote:
             | > It grew organically so there was never a huge cost
             | Really,
             | 
             | Ahh, the accounting style of hobby projects. I'm very
             | familiar with this because I do it, too.
             | 
             | Nothing ever feels expensive if you just never add it all
             | up and value your time at $0 because it's fun.
        
               | K0balt wrote:
               | The total cost of the system so far is about $87k, and
               | operating cost is around 4000 a year (includes equipment
               | amortisation, slow expansion, direct operating costs). In
               | all, for several homes, and a farm it's very affordable.
               | Getting power hooked up to a single house from the
               | utilities is about $9000, so our buildout is roughly 2x
               | what we might have spent just to get hooked up to the
               | grid.
               | 
               | We do buy carefully, and all the engineering is done by
               | me. We have employees on the farm so much of the labor of
               | installing underground cable etc was "free" (lol).
               | 
               | Still, we are miles ahead of our costs if we were hooked
               | up to the grid (which also would have cost us an
               | additional $20k just for poles to get close, and we still
               | would have had to bury the cables on campus along with
               | the water and data, if we didn't want ugly poles all
               | over, so that part is a wash)
               | 
               | I spend about 4 hours a week on utilities based projects,
               | mostly engineering monitoring and control systems so that
               | I spend less time working on the utilities. (So, futzing
               | around with electronics because I have an excuse to) it
               | feels like meaningful work that I care about, so that's
               | nice.
        
               | BubbleRings wrote:
               | Thank you so much for these posts! It makes me very
               | optimistic about the future.
               | 
               | For the longest time we all watched from the sidelines,
               | hoping that the desire to turn off coal-fired power
               | plants, and research often funded by tax dollars, would
               | get the ball moving on solar. Now that the market has its
               | magic invisible hand on that ball, it seems clear to me
               | we have a path out of this mess.
               | 
               | Rant your stupid "drill baby drill" crap all you want
               | magats, we are going to solar, wind, and fusion our way
               | to a better world, and there is nothing you can do to
               | stop us.
        
               | aftbit wrote:
               | Fission first! Let's build more nuclear power plants too.
               | We know how to do it, and it's only so expensive because
               | we got scared and stopped. Economies of scale for clean,
               | safe, reliable baseload power.
        
               | bruce511 wrote:
               | Turns out, I'm already on fission.
               | 
               | What I've done is tap into an existing fission reactor.
               | It's some distance from my house, but there's a lot of
               | excess energy there leaking out. I put up some collectors
               | to capture it.
               | 
               | Was really quite cheap to do, and I don't have to pay
               | anyone to actually run the reactor.
        
               | tmtvl wrote:
               | Greens here in Europe often complain about nuclear
               | reactors and I just don't have the heart to tell them.
        
               | strawhatguy wrote:
               | That's silly, why make it political? If anything the
               | political encroachment came from the green crowd first,
               | cafe standards, EV mandates and the like.
               | 
               | The best way forward has always been to explore all
               | energy avenues, and that will include fossil fuels as
               | well. At least you've included nuclear, but left out
               | fission, strangely, which is the best hope of electric
               | generation replacement we currently have.
               | 
               | I'm tired of this team blue for electric (except Tesla
               | now, lol) and team red for oil. They are choices with
               | trade offs, and are friends, not enemies.
        
               | bloomingeek wrote:
               | No offence, but everything is political. Much of our
               | lives are controlled by laws. These laws are all
               | politically controlled. To say it's silly to make
               | something political, usually suggests your supported
               | political slant is difficult to justify. Trade offs are
               | only possible when the party in charge is willing to work
               | with EVERYONE, we don't have that now. Thus the
               | criticism.
        
               | bityard wrote:
               | That sounds incredible. This is the first year I've
               | really started digging deep into solar generation and
               | battery storage and it's one big fascinating rabbit hole.
               | 
               | I've looked at it from a bunch of different angles and
               | keep coming to the conclusion that for rural and suburban
               | areas with the space for panels, off-grid solar is the
               | future.
        
               | darkwater wrote:
               | > and value your time at $0 because it's fun.
               | 
               | I don't know if you were being ironic or not but...
               | that's an absolute truth. Our free time doesn't have a
               | fixed rate. It doesn't have a rate _at all_. What you do
               | during free time can be basically seen as either:
               | 
               | * a chore you don't like to do
               | 
               | * something you like to do.
               | 
               | Any task can swing between those states depending on your
               | mood. If installing your own solar plant or self-host
               | your server rack (as OP is doing) is something you enjoy
               | doing, then yes, it costs exactly $0 in labor.
        
               | thedanbob wrote:
               | Agreed. I get asked to repair electronics for people
               | quite often and I charge drastically differently for
               | labor depending on whether I will enjoy the job or not.
        
         | jedahan wrote:
         | Would love a write up or links to resources for water
         | extraction and treatment if you'd oblige.
        
           | K0balt wrote:
           | I don't have much in the way of links, but I can give you an
           | overview.
           | 
           | We have a fair bit of vertical scale in the terrain here. We
           | extract our water from a shallow well in a natural crevasse
           | between ridges. It is made of concrete blocks stacked in a
           | circle, filled with gravel and pinned with heavy rebar. The
           | above ground part is finished in a regular fashion, with the
           | blocks filled with concrete and a concrete cap. The well is
           | built of a circle of 12 blocks, and is about 16 feet deep-
           | where we encountered hard bedrock. An underground stream
           | flows over this bedrock, which we extract from.
           | 
           | This raw water is pumped to a 300 gallon manifold tank about
           | 160 feet above the extraction point using a 1HP centrifugal
           | pump. From there, it flows down to the processing facility,
           | where it is sediment and carbon filtered before flowing into
           | either the 2600 gallon cistern, or back up the hill a bit to
           | a 450 gallon upper campus distribution tank. Water passing
           | through the processing facility is filtered and chlorinated,
           | with the exception of the upper campus water, which is only
           | filtered.
           | 
           | The upper campus water flows to cabins in the upper campus,
           | and also serves as the input water for the RO system. The RO
           | source water is pressurised by another centrifugal pump to
           | 70psi, and is fed through a pair of 150GPD membranes after
           | being filtered to 1 micron and passed through another carbon
           | block. We run a 4:1 "waste" ratio to give us good life on the
           | membranes (typically a year). The mineral rich "brine" flows
           | into the 2600 gallon cistern and is used in the regular
           | water.
           | 
           | We warehouse the drinking water in a 500-gallon tank at the
           | processing facility.
           | 
           | There is a dual distribution system for water on campus. From
           | the cistern at the processing facility RO water and regular
           | water flows through underground tubing to a network of 5
           | utility huts where it is distributed to various homes and
           | outbuildings. Each building then passes the main water
           | through another carbon block to catch chemicals and chlorine,
           | and drinking water gets mineralization and carbon again at
           | the point of use.
           | 
           | The underground distribution network also carries 3 phase
           | power, HVDC for solar, separate fiber optic networks for
           | security, control, intranet, and ISP, as well as cat6 cables
           | for RS485 control subsystems. The tank levels, pump controls,
           | power distribution and usage monitoring, emergency and
           | automatic casualty control shutoffs, etc are all operated
           | over rs485 and modbusTCP to a server. It's a lot of off the
           | shelf stuff and some custom stuff that i have built. Someday
           | I need to do a write up on that lol.
           | 
           | Anyway, that's the view from space.
        
             | el_benhameen wrote:
             | This is cool as hell. Sounds like you keep pretty busy, but
             | if you ever had the inclination to write more about it or
             | post some pictures somewhere, I for one would love to see.
        
         | Aurornis wrote:
         | > It's strange to me that people in rural areas pay for
         | electricity. It makes no economic sense, at least here in the
         | Caribbean.
         | 
         | This comment was very confusing until I read the second
         | sentence. Electricity prices in the Caribbean are very high,
         | and I can only imagine that rural areas are even worse.
         | 
         | Where I'm at in the United States a typical electric rate is
         | around $0.10/kWh. Paying that nominal amount and avoiding the
         | need to service additional equipment and deal with backup
         | generators is an easy decision.
        
           | nullpoint420 wrote:
           | I'm jealous. Where I live in California the off peak rate is
           | $0.32/kWh and peak rates are $0.58/kWh.
        
             | Loughla wrote:
             | Rural area power co-op member here - flat rate 24/7 for
             | residential is .13/kWh. Businesses/farms can get down to
             | .10/kWh if they qualify.
             | 
             | They proposed to update it to .15 so they could trim trees
             | around the lines a little better, but it got denied by the
             | co-op members as unnecessary.
        
               | baby_souffle wrote:
               | > They proposed to update it to .15 so they could trim
               | trees around the lines a little better, but it got denied
               | by the co-op members as unnecessary.
               | 
               | Pge felt the same way and it did t turn out so well for
               | them. I hope your coop is never found to be at fault for
               | the next record breaking fire...
        
               | Loughla wrote:
               | So the increase was to buy spray equipment to attach to a
               | helicopter. And a helicopter. One of the co-op ex-board
               | members' son recently moved back to the area and had his
               | license. . . It was a shameless cash grab by that family
               | and was rightfully voted down by a wild majority of the
               | co-op members. Every member of the board was replaced
               | within 2 years of them proposing the increase as well.
               | 
               | They currently keep all the lines clear via bucket
               | trucks, and when they spray, they use ATV's and trucks.
               | It takes most of June to spray all the lines, but they
               | get it done easily.
               | 
               | The actual physical infrastructure has been replaced
               | almost entirely in the last 10 years through federal
               | and/or state grants in combination with income from power
               | charges.
               | 
               | Also, these are just fundamentally different entities.
               | PGE is a private entity that operates for a profit. Our
               | power company is a co-op owned and run by its members. If
               | they have any profit at the end of the year (once
               | infrastructure improvements and safety net investments
               | are paid for), the money gets paid directly back to the
               | co-op members. It's a WILDLY different incentive
               | structure.
        
               | coryrc wrote:
               | Not every place is built in a dry forest which
               | traditionally burned regularly but the current
               | infrastructure is built around never burning. The only
               | risk in, say, Michigan, is the power going out at
               | inopportune times.
        
             | bilbo0s wrote:
             | If that's considered high, I'm just not going to say what
             | it costs in the Caribbean.
             | 
             | At least where I was.
        
             | Evidlo wrote:
             | $0.08/kWh here for central Illinois
        
               | ComputerGuru wrote:
               | Taxes and supply charges are what take it from cheap to
               | expensive in Illinois.
        
               | robohoe wrote:
               | Yep, and we have 5 nuke power plants in vicinity
        
             | horacemorace wrote:
             | Doesn't that sort of rate make the payoff for a solar
             | system install just a few years?
        
               | hn_acc1 wrote:
               | Yeah - even with PGE trying their best to screw over
               | solar customers in the last few years, I figure we've at
               | least gotten our money back in ~15 years of owning a ~4KW
               | system. Something like 75 MW generated in that time,
               | assuming the inverter is more-or-less correct. At this
               | point, doesn't make any sense anymore, since they only
               | credit you like $0.1 and charge you $0.6 (I haven't
               | looked too closely at it) - you'd have to generate 5-10x
               | your consumption to mostly offset it.
               | 
               | We bought ours in '10 to offset high AC use in the summer
               | - we were paying $1000-1500 a month for 2-4 months in the
               | summer. The first few years, our "year-end" balance was <
               | $1K (we just paid minimum payments the rest of the year),
               | so I figure we easily saved $2-3K/year in those early
               | years, and after the incentives in those days, we paid
               | ~$14K, so maybe 7 years to pay it off. Our year-end
               | balance was more like $3K the last time, and I think
               | we're still producing 80-90% the same power, but PGE
               | keeps changing the plans around. At this point, I'm
               | interested in upgrading our cells from 300W to 450W, but
               | I'd only do that with a battery system that also stores
               | energy so that we could go more or less entirely off-
               | grid. But probably need a new roof first..
        
             | supportengineer wrote:
             | I'm in the Bay Area - Off peak is 0.44 and peak is 0.48
             | 
             | Separately for "clean power", Off peak is 0.13 and peak is
             | 0.17
             | 
             | So that's a combined 0.57 and 0.65
        
             | w10-1 wrote:
             | > I'm jealous. Where I live in California the off peak rate
             | is $0.32/kWh and peak rates are $0.58/kWh.
             | 
             | My California rates are .50/63 off/on peak
             | 
             | "Jealous" is not the term I'd use...
        
           | Moto7451 wrote:
           | You're in a good part of the country for grid power. I'm in
           | Georgia where the typical rate is about 14 cents but summer
           | rates are more like 18. Summer rates aren't captured in this
           | EIA chart but you can see the whole country. With summer
           | rates and high energy use for cooling and dehumidification
           | it's a 7-8 year payback for a 13kW DC/10kW AC system.
           | 
           | https://www.eia.gov/electricity/monthly/epm_table_grapher.ph.
           | ..
        
           | gramie wrote:
           | In Quebec, I'm paying $0.069/kWh or USD $0.05/kWh
           | (hydroelectric, so already green), so it's hard to make a
           | case for solar.
        
             | gosub100 wrote:
             | > hydroelectric, so already green
             | 
             | Not so fast. Zero emissions, yeah. But they have damaged
             | the habitat for some bird species.
        
               | aplummer wrote:
               | Feral cats kill 2 billion birds a year, FYI the green
               | energy kills birds thing is a right wing talking point
               | designed to distract and delay. All human activity kills
               | some nominal number of birds
        
               | RajT88 wrote:
               | Indeed. They care about the environment when pretending
               | to do so lets them fight against things which are
               | actually good for the environment and bad for the fossil
               | fuel industry.
        
               | singleshot_ wrote:
               | Would love to see your analysis of Thanksgiving
        
               | nine_k wrote:
               | A colossal positive impact, with the population of the
               | turkeys skyrocketing.
        
           | jorblumesea wrote:
           | $0.10 kwh is low for most of the US. Can I guess.... Western
           | state or PNW?
        
             | entropicdrifter wrote:
             | Over here in PA I pay $0.095, so nine and a half cents, per
             | KWh for electric supply, but then I pay that same amount
             | for transmission, so it's functionally 19 cents per KWh,
             | but maybe the person you're replying to isn't counting
             | transmission fees?
        
               | brewtide wrote:
               | Similar here in Maine under CMP. Something like 12.5
               | cents/Kwh, but with the delivery aspect factored in it's
               | basically 28 cents/Kwh.
               | 
               | I always assume when people on here are talking their
               | 'rates', that they are usually NOT factoring in the
               | delivery fee unless stated.
               | 
               | But maybe some places are just really THAT cheap.
        
               | ploxiln wrote:
               | I don't know why anyone would _not_ include the
               | "delivery" fee, I think it really is that cheap in many
               | places in the US.
               | 
               | Here in NYC the "supply" charge is much less than half of
               | the total bill. If I add up all the fees and surcharges
               | and taxes etc, the total ends up around 35 cents / KWh,
               | which I thought was rather high until I heard about
               | California ...
        
               | philipkglass wrote:
               | I pay 11.6 cents per kilowatt hour inclusive of
               | everything (taxes too). My household used 647 kilowatt
               | hours in April and the bill for the month was $75.02. The
               | per-unit charge neglecting taxes and delivery is only 7.4
               | cents. This is in Washington state.
        
               | jorblumesea wrote:
               | why would you not include the transmission? residential
               | customers just pay one bill and that's including the
               | lines, maintenance.
               | 
               | In western states such as Oregon, Washington, it is
               | actually 0.12KWH including transmission.
        
           | tonyarkles wrote:
           | I'm in the Canadian prairies and we pay a similar electric
           | rate. It's funny though...
           | 
           | > avoiding the need to service additional equipment and deal
           | with backup generators is an easy decision.
           | 
           | We've got a house in a very small town (pop. 100) and there
           | are solar panels on a ton of the houses there. I've asked a
           | few people about it and it's 100% for grid redundancy. Sure,
           | they save a bit of money on their power bill, but they're
           | basically using the panels and batteries as an alternative to
           | a backup generator. Winters are quite cold here and having
           | enough power to run the natural-gas-fired furnace and a few
           | light bulbs is a huge win when the power inevitably goes out.
           | Lots of people have small generators kicking around too (like
           | the Honda EU2200 that RV folks love) but the solar install
           | has seriously cut down on the need for those.
        
         | pryelluw wrote:
         | Where in the Caribbean?
        
         | thebiss wrote:
         | What is your recovery plan in the event of a hurricane?
         | 
         | I'm not fond of high electric rates, but in addition to
         | generation those rates amortize and distribute the cost of
         | storm recovery. A home or business with grid-tied solar pays
         | interconnect fees for the option to get paid back a little for
         | excess generation, and the option to decide to switch back to
         | 100% grid power if a storm damages the on-site panels.
        
           | gopalv wrote:
           | > those rates amortize and distribute the cost of storm
           | recovery
           | 
           | Not exactly when it is a farm out there away from a town.
           | 
           | My experience is from a different era (90s) and a different
           | kind of farm, but I spent a bunch of summers in one, which
           | had power outages whenever the monsoons picked up.
           | 
           | The trouble was that there was a single line feeding the farm
           | from about 6km away, so if that went down a single farmowner
           | complained - the rate payers who were in a denser urban area
           | always got priority, because there were 600+ people who
           | shared a transformer.
           | 
           | The generator ran a lot when winds knocked power out, but the
           | generator only ran when there was a big power need like
           | running the well pumps or one of the winnowing mills. Even
           | the winnower had pedals, because work doesn't stop.
           | 
           | Every bathroom had a light with a 30 minute battery in it,
           | which came on when the power went out - I guess if they had
           | LEDs those same batteries would be 6 hour lights.
           | 
           | They would have killed for solar + storage, because shipping
           | fuel in for the generator was one of those annoying things
           | you had to keep doing over and over again.
        
             | p_j_w wrote:
             | >The trouble was that there was a single line feeding the
             | farm from about 6km away, so if that went down a single
             | farmowner complained - the rate payers who were in a denser
             | urban area always got priority, because there were 600+
             | people who shared a transformer.
             | 
             | The urban rate payers also subsidize the rural ones, so it
             | makes sense that they'd be front of the line.
        
           | rz2k wrote:
           | After a hurricane, the plan might be to help neighbors charge
           | their phones, or sell electricity to telcos to power their
           | networks switches and cell towers.
           | 
           | I think I am much less remote than the poster, and I can
           | easily lose power for a week or more after a winter storm.
           | Considering that they already have generators on site that
           | can manage the full load, they probably have much better up
           | time than the utility electricity provider.
        
         | roflyear wrote:
         | What's your farm? How can someone reach out to buy small
         | amounts of coffee from you, say 2-3 70kg bags?
        
           | sgt wrote:
           | Where will the drop be?
        
             | roflyear wrote:
             | You mean roaster? ceto.coffee
        
         | rz2k wrote:
         | How has your experience been with the lithium-titanium-oxide
         | batteries? Everything I read makes it sound like the optimal
         | solution for safety and long life, but it doesn't seem like
         | they have displaced other battery chemistries very much.
        
         | MostlyStable wrote:
         | For the US, the entire user base helps subsidize rural
         | customers. I have recently had the thought that I'm curious how
         | this subsidy compares to the price of creating local micro-
         | grids for rural communities. Especially in places like
         | California where it is long distance power lines running to
         | rural communities that have started several major fires.
         | 
         | I don't have the skill to do it myself, but I'd love to see an
         | analysis of whether it would make more sense at this point to
         | do solar/wind + batteries and backup generators for at least
         | the smallest and most remote communities.
        
           | ZeroGravitas wrote:
           | Australia has just completed 5 years of feasibility studies
           | on this:
           | 
           | https://www.dcceew.gov.au/energy/programs/regional-remote-
           | co...
           | 
           | and moved to the pilot phase:
           | 
           | https://arena.gov.au/funding/rmp/
           | 
           | A review of some of the feasability studies carried out in
           | phase one:
           | 
           | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221462962.
           | ..
        
         | jhfdbkofdchk wrote:
         | reminds me of that Hunter S. Thompson quote from Fear and
         | Loathing in Las Vegas, "Not that we needed all that for the
         | trip, but once you get locked into a serious [solar power
         | setup], the tendency is to push it as far as you can.""
        
         | networkisfine wrote:
         | Very interesting. I'm looking to do something very similar on a
         | farm.
         | 
         | Would you mind sharing some more design details?
         | 
         | Questions that come to mind: What products are you using? Are
         | you doing any AC-coupling between inverters? If not, are you
         | just running your PV wires between buildings? Are you stepping
         | up your AC voltages to 480v or so to cover greater distances
         | with less loss? Thanks!
        
         | arwineap wrote:
         | Naive question, why run inverters?
         | 
         | Wouldn't it be more efficient to run direct DC appliances?
         | 
         | We have a building on our farm without power and it'd be ideal
         | to be able to charge batteries and run lights at night
         | 
         | It seems to me that we would have to upsize batteries in order
         | to make up for the loss in converting to AC
        
           | belval wrote:
           | > Dumb question, why run inverters?
           | 
           | Can't say for OP, but DC appliances are just difficult to
           | find, usually more expensive due to economies of scale and
           | not as uniform in voltage (12/24/48V) as AC appliances. If
           | your battery is in a shed somewhere it's also much easier to
           | run a smaller gauge AC wire than setup distribution for your
           | DC power.
           | 
           | Most large system are also 48V so you need to get it down to
           | 12/24V which adds components anyway, at which point you might
           | as well just have an inverter and not worry about any of
           | that.
        
             | bruce511 wrote:
             | You also need some sort of battery management, and
             | inverters typically have this built in as well.
             | 
             | So yeah, you can get by without an inverter, but then you
             | need a battery charger manager so as not to overcharge, and
             | (depending on the battery chemistry) something to cut off
             | the battery as it runs down. (Lead acid for example
             | shouldn't go below 50%).
        
           | vhanda wrote:
           | Not who you're asking.
           | 
           | I really don't see why we're still using A/C inside our
           | houses / apartments. I understand that the transmission loss
           | is lower when sending A/C, so it makes sense, but then nearly
           | every device in my house has their own AC to DC converter.
           | Just have one AC-DC converter per building.
           | 
           | I'd like the future to just be USB-C sockets in my house. We
           | have USB-C PD 3.1 which supports up to 48v, I imagine that
           | would be good for _all_ devices.
           | 
           | There are probably safety reasons why this future might be
           | difficult.
        
             | bityard wrote:
             | That would have been a good argument to make a decade or
             | two ago but these days switch-mode power supplies are very
             | efficient, and GaN ones even more so.
             | 
             | I have a small mess of 12-ish volt computer/network
             | equipment in the corner of my office and looked into
             | running it all off of one $40 high-amp power supply to
             | eliminate all the wall warts and bricks. By the time I
             | figured out power distribution and termination, buck/boost
             | converters for the things that aren't 12V, it all seemed
             | like a lot of work compared to just spending a couple hours
             | tidying up the cabling and hiding the wall warts.
             | 
             | You can live in the future now and install power outlets
             | with USB-PD built right in, although a quick glance
             | suggests they top out at 65W. Fine for phones and tablets,
             | might not keep a gaming laptop charged while in use.
        
         | h4ck_th3_pl4n3t wrote:
         | This sounds awesome!
         | 
         | Do you have a tech blog or writeup on what things you used,
         | what parts broke down, or what kind of things needed to be
         | fixed over time?
        
       | caseysoftware wrote:
       | I'm in Texas and designed our own solar+battery setup in '21. I
       | had an installer handle that bit and the interconnect though. I
       | found the "secret" was the to leave room for expansion.
       | 
       | In Texas, residential grid-tied solar can be up to 20kWh so I
       | chose cells that got me to 19.96kWh
       | 
       | Then I added an 2 _9kWh battery stacks (18kWh total) but each
       | stack could go to 18kWh (36kWh total). Then I also used a pair of
       | Generac inverters which lets me get two more stacks for 72kWh
       | total.
       | 
       | My goal was resiliency, not sufficiency, so I use it grid-tied so
       | I charge during the day and use at night. When there are storms
       | coming, I flip it to "priority backup" which will prioritize
       | charging.. even using the grid to do it if there's not enough
       | sun.
       | 
       | Anyway, it's been in production since January '22 and my _annual*
       | electric bill is ~$1100. Even better, when we have an outage
       | (occasional as we live in a heavily wooded area) if our stack is
       | full, we have ~5 days of battery backup for the fridge, a handful
       | of appliances, and our Starlink.. therefore we have safe food
       | storage, safe food prep, and non-terrestrial communications.
       | 
       | Of course, this cost ~$80k to get there in 2021 (aka before crazy
       | inflation)
        
         | Aurornis wrote:
         | > Anyway, it's been in production since January '22 and my
         | annual* electric bill is ~$1100.
         | 
         | A more helpful comparison would be to see your electricity bill
         | before and after.
         | 
         | For comparison, I'm in an area with low electricity rates and I
         | don't run A/C at the level of someone in a Texas climate. My
         | annual electricity bill is barely higher than yours but I don't
         | have any solar at all. Absolute electricity bill numbers don't
         | translate well.
        
       | ctkhn wrote:
       | Saving this for when my parents moves - they're on NEM 1 and will
       | freak at the rates for a new solar install. Right now the excess
       | power goes to an EV and then the grid since the power
       | import/export rates are almost 1:1 but after the move these in
       | home batteries are going to be crucial.
        
       | heytakeiteasy wrote:
       | Great writeup! Seems bizarre to have a furnace in the Bay Area.
       | Air-source heat pumps and heat pump water heaters are fantastic
       | these days.
        
       | EcommerceFlow wrote:
       | Imagine if America didn't have any tarrifs or constrains on
       | Chinese advanced goods like EV cars and Solar Panels.
        
       | M3L0NM4N wrote:
       | >We can't all live in SF
       | 
       | Thanks to California zoning
        
       | breakds wrote:
       | Wow, what a fantastic write-up--thanks for sharing this! I'm a
       | San Jose homeowner (and PG&E sufferer) with a homelab that pulls
       | over 1 kW, and I've been down the DIY solar rabbit hole for the
       | past two weeks. Based on my research, I'm planning a roughly 9 kW
       | Signature Solar setup:
       | 
       | 20x 455 W Canadian Solar panels (~$173 ea)
       | 
       | 1x GridBoss MID V2 (~$2 400)
       | 
       | 1x FlexBoss 21 (~$2 400)
       | 
       | 4x Eco-Worthy 48 V 100 Ah LiFePO4 batteries (~$1 500 ea)
       | 
       | 18 U server rack (~$500) -- total hardware ~$14 760
       | 
       | My big hang-up has been the rooftop work, permitting and
       | inspections--almost no one I call will touch a true DIY system.
       | If anyone here in the Bay Area has recommendations for installers
       | or back-of-house permit-whisperers who'll partner on a non-
       | Tesla/Sunrun job, I'd love to hear how you made it happen. Thanks
       | again for the inspiring guide!
        
         | quickthrowman wrote:
         | Crazy, where I live the payback on the hardware would take
         | ~114,000 kWh (or 13) years at 24kWh per day, $0.13/kWh).
         | 
         | Where you live it's only 24,000 kWh to pay off the hardware, or
         | just under 3 years ($0.61/kWh). I'd definitely pull the
         | trigger.
        
         | sowbug wrote:
         | Greenlancer will draw up code-compliant plans that you can
         | submit to your local building permit agency, and they'll revise
         | if anything needs it. It cost less than $400 last year. You've
         | done enough research that they'll be able to easily take your
         | project and turn it into something legal.
         | 
         | I recently did an Enphase system of a similar size to yours. It
         | was fully DIY except for wiring the combiner and a roofing
         | company to plug all the holes I drilled. Working with PG&E was
         | truly an epic year-plus battle culminating in a CPUC complaint,
         | but in the end it was really just a bunch of emails.
         | 
         | I don't have any installer recommendations, but it should be
         | easy enough to find a local electrician, and I've found that
         | they tend to know others in adjacent fields.
        
           | breakds wrote:
           | Thanks so much for sharing your story - hearing about your
           | DIY Enphase install (and epic PG&E battle!) really gives me
           | confidence. And the information you shared is extremely
           | helpful for first-time DIYers like me.
        
       | bredren wrote:
       | What happened with the broken panel shown at the end of the
       | article?
        
       | nodesocket wrote:
       | We've recently had some crazy storms and power outages and my
       | Ecoflow units kicked in and worked perfectly. I have a River 2
       | which I use as a UPS for my Mac Mini + Monitor at my desk and a
       | River 2 Pro as a UPS for all my Ubiquiti networking, Protect
       | cameras, and severs in my racks. Then I have a Delta 2 I can
       | hookup to the two Rivers to add additional charge. Just pulled
       | the trigger on a 3600watt gas generator off Amazon as well incase
       | of extended outages. While not whole home backup by any means
       | it's a solid setup for electronics and server gear.
        
       | GratiaTerra wrote:
       | I installed a similar EG4 inverter and battery system and had a
       | similar experience. The big problem I ran into was that EG4
       | inverters are NOT compatible with my state's power grid (Hawaii)
       | but because I had so much power, it turned out I never needed to
       | connect to the power grid but I am loosing out on selling power.
       | (Check with your local power company before buying!).
       | 
       | Another problem I had was that a week after installing, one of
       | the TIGO units burned up and started a fire that burned a hole in
       | a solar panel. I only noticed the problem when I saw that one of
       | the solar arrays wasn't putting out power. Replacing the
       | defective unit solved the problem.
       | 
       | Also, I had assumed I would need a generator to power through
       | consecutive days of dark clouds but I instead opted for Ford's
       | Pro Charger Station which has a feature that allows you to power
       | the house; no need for a generator. However, its been over a year
       | and not once have I needed this.
       | 
       | My big takeaway is this: having energy abundance is the good life
       | when you have all electric appliances. My EV (a Ford Lightning
       | Truck), hot tub, AC, water heaters etc have been running over a
       | year with no problems and zero costs after the initial
       | investment.
        
         | SoftTalker wrote:
         | How many days can the truck power the house, and what's the
         | longest stretch of overcast days you get (in Hawaii, I am
         | gussing you get at least some sun almost every day).
        
           | GratiaTerra wrote:
           | Truck at 100% = 131 kwh, Minus 10% loss in transfer = 120 kwh
           | House using 12 kwh/d = 10 days, up to 24kwh/d = 5 days
           | 
           | Local conditions are typically partly cloudy/rain but still
           | system producing more than can be used.
        
       | thegrim33 wrote:
       | It's kind of telling/ironic that the author gripes (whether
       | rightfully or wrongly) about PG&E wanting more return on
       | investment due to their risk of doing business in California, but
       | when the author decides to build their own power system to not
       | deal with PG&E, literally almost every paragraph related to their
       | planning/setup contains a mention of some different
       | California/city regulation that the author had to meet or else
       | it's illegal for them to build their own power system. To the
       | point where they had to pay a professional to help them meet all
       | the regulations.
        
         | vasusen wrote:
         | This is the key issue. We are over-regulated.
         | 
         | We rebuilt our house in the SF Bay Area in 2022 and went fully
         | electric, no gas line anymore. It was really sad that I
         | couldn't resuse any of my previous 12 kwh solar panels that
         | were fully functioning and had another 10-15 years on them as
         | they wouldn't match the new regulations.
         | 
         | I tried to get them installed on a separate area in my own
         | backyard for off-the-grid charger just for my car, but you are
         | not allowed to have a big off-the-grid system unconnected to
         | PG&E. No electrician was willing to help with risk of losing
         | license. The author was lucky that his dad could help with
         | electrical.
         | 
         | Due to similar issues, I couldn't find anyone to take them for
         | free as well. Demo dad was a truly sad day to watch these
         | perfectly functioning solar panels being destroyed by a crane.
        
           | bityard wrote:
           | Wow, not being able to have an off-grid system AT ALL without
           | the utility's approval just sounds bonkers to me. I guess
           | PG&E is even more evil than I thought.
           | 
           | Used solar panels are a pretty brisk business right now. Lots
           | of places are replacing their 10-15 year-old panels with new
           | ones just due to the better efficiency and capacity alone.
           | And now that we have over a decade of large-scale solar
           | experience to draw from, we are finding that they tend to
           | degrade a lot slower than expected and that the original
           | 30-year lifespan was highly conservative. I'm surprised you
           | couldn't find someone from out of state to buy them.
        
         | vondur wrote:
         | I was reading something the other day about an interesting
         | dichotomy in California. It's one of the most heavily regulated
         | states, yet also one of the most lawless at the same time.
        
       | gdubs wrote:
       | This disabused me of the notion of doing it myself, lol. This is
       | super impressive. Hope to one day be confident enough in
       | electrical work. That and plumbing are the areas of home
       | improvement that I still just would rather sub out.
       | 
       | But, this is such a cool article. The quotes on solar installs
       | for some reason seem a lot higher than what you'd expect, given
       | all the charts showing the absolute cratering of solar energy
       | prices - but doesn't seem to work out that way when it comes to
       | residential installations.
        
         | danans wrote:
         | > This disabused me of the notion of doing it myself, lol.
         | 
         | The author did a very custom setup. If you want to DIY with a
         | pre-integrated setup, you can enroll in Enphase's self
         | installer program, and complete their online coursework:
         | 
         | https://enlighten.enphaseenergy.com/manager/registration?_gl...
         | 
         | I think EcoFlow may have a similar option.
        
           | gdubs wrote:
           | Ooh, thanks for this. I've been considering some metalworking
           | classes, something like this could also be really fun and
           | enriching.
        
             | danans wrote:
             | I still recommend hiring a licensed electrician to do the
             | actual physical installation, because it's easy to mess up.
        
       | Havoc wrote:
       | Suspect it would have been cheaper to invest money in upgrading
       | the homelab and aircon to more efficient. Not downgrade, but
       | rather moving to newer lith nodes etc. Tackling the usage before
       | bigger battery system often makes sense
        
         | somanyphotons wrote:
         | The solar system will pay for itself within N years, and then
         | he has free power for as long as the batteries and panels last
        
           | Havoc wrote:
           | >pay for itself within N years
           | 
           | The total outlay in that calc is affected by how big of a
           | system you need though.
           | 
           | If you've got no obviously inefficient gear then yes you just
           | put in a system of whatever size is needed.
           | 
           | If you have easy wins on the consumption side then you do
           | that first.
           | 
           | Silly example but say you could eliminate half your
           | consumption with a once off $100 spend then you do that. You
           | don't pay through your nose for an system twice the size just
           | because of ""free"" power later.
           | 
           | Where that cutoff point lies will require calculation, but
           | chances are old enterprise racks are on the wrong side of it.
        
           | bsder wrote:
           | It's really unlikely that most people will gain a lot of
           | money from these kinds of installations nowadays (an EV
           | probably tips that somewhat).
           | 
           | The big benefit is the resilience. Since you are using them
           | every day, they will be _far_ more likely to work in the
           | event of an outage than a gasoline generator that you test
           | once a year.
        
       | ryandrake wrote:
       | Pretty cool. I'd love to get into solar DIY but it seems pretty
       | daunting. I moved in to a place recently with an (apparently very
       | old) 7kW rooftop solar system without a battery, and I called the
       | original installer to talk about what my options are if I wanted
       | to expand it, either adding more watts or adding a battery. The
       | overall take-away from talking to the installer was that it
       | wasn't worth it because my existing system uses some different,
       | older technology, and that making any substantial improvements to
       | it would change my "NEM" whatever that means. The way I
       | understand it, it would move me into some other, more expensive
       | regulatory regime. I don't know--my head was spinning after the
       | conversation, and I was basically convinced to just ignore the
       | system I have and not touch it.
        
       | danans wrote:
       | > Missing site diagram placard at MSP
       | 
       | I got dinged for this on the first inspection of my own self-
       | installed solar+battery system.
       | 
       | A lot of signage companies don't know how to do the placard, but
       | the company that I found that knows how was PVLabels:
       | 
       | https://www.pvlabels.com/04-645-map-placard/
        
       | duffpkg wrote:
       | Even with tariffs batteries are _very_ cheap. Into the 4 year
       | mark my cost per kwh is down below $0.02 because I end up using
       | excess power for all sorts of things because it is  "free".
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40877337
        
       | ellisv wrote:
       | I've interested in solar and batteries but unfortunately the
       | return would be too long for us if we hired a contractor and I'm
       | not confident in my own skills to pull it off correctly.
       | 
       | Mostly I want an easy whole home battery just for some arbitrage.
       | Our rate plan has a 4 hour peak period of $0.27/kwh vs $0.14/kwh
       | off peak. Of course the peak time is when we actually want to use
       | a lot of energy running our AC and other appliances.
       | 
       | Unfortunately I haven't found any DIY stand alone battery systems
       | that offer the simple scheduling I need since most seem to be
       | only backup systems.
        
       | KPGv2 wrote:
       | > $30K
       | 
       | Wow. That's ten years of electrical bills where I live in Texas,
       | and you also have to deal with the increased water leakage risks,
       | any maintenance issues, storm problems, etc.
        
       | hurtuvac78 wrote:
       | The author says that the resale value to PGE is 25% of the buying
       | price.
       | 
       | Is there some way to get a better rate by selling CPU time
       | instead, when the sun shines and batteries are full? Especially
       | if you have your own server rack.
       | 
       | I have computing needs that can wait for 12/18 hours. Would it
       | make any sense to have those processed by distributed solar
       | server farms between 11am and 5pm? They just take data in and
       | send results back, using their own "free" marginal kwh.
       | 
       | It would reduce the need the connect to the power grid, but still
       | benefit from selling solar power indirectly.
       | 
       | Cloud providers may just be so much better at doing this already?
        
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