[HN Gopher] Show HN: Astra - a new js2exe compiler
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Show HN: Astra - a new js2exe compiler
Hi everyone I'm new here and i wanted to introduce my project i've
been working on. Astra is a simple but powerful node.js to exe
compiler. It uses esbuild and Node SEA. It uses postject to inject
your code to nodejs binary. It focuses more on compiling cli and
Servers like pkg or nexe (express) than fullstack applications like
electron or tauri. It has rich ESM and typescript support. It has
good DX and cli UX. I made it bc i didn't like using pkg or nexe,
they cause a lot of problems with esm. LIMITATIONS: Now it has
problems compiling projects with depencides containing binaries
(e.g. bcrypt, rcedit), and it compiles only for Windows but i'm
working on it If you like it, leave a and comment what you think
about it!
Author : qwertycodepl
Score : 53 points
Date : 2025-05-20 14:55 UTC (8 hours ago)
(HTM) web link (github.com)
(TXT) w3m dump (github.com)
| jasonjmcghee wrote:
| To understand the underlying architecture- is my understanding
| correct that this runs esbuild to bundle then bundles that with
| node runtime and creates a binary that executes "node index.js"?
| qwertycodepl wrote:
| yes but it uses node SEA you can read about it here:
| https://nodejs.org/api/single-executable-applications.html
| TheRealPomax wrote:
| You probably want to put that information in your README.md,
| because there is barely any information in the readme, and the
| docs look to be a placeholder atm =)
| qwertycodepl wrote:
| thanks :)
| belmarca wrote:
| I clicked on this hoping for an actual compiler. However from
| what I can see this is a bundler. The name is confusing.
| qwertycodepl wrote:
| Thanks for the feedback! You're right - Astra is technically a
| bundler-to-executable tool, not a source-level compiler like
| Babel or TypeScript.
|
| I called it a "compiler" in the sense that it transforms a JS
| project into a standalone .exe, similar to how tools like pkg
| or nexe are often described. That said, I'll consider
| clarifying that in the description to avoid confusion.
| Appreciate the comment!
| ymsodev wrote:
| Honestly, I would drop calling compiler altogether -- it's
| just not a compiler. It doesn't make it any less cool though!
| qwertycodepl wrote:
| yeah it's not but i don't know how to call it. if i say
| it's bundler it will be more confusing in my opinion.
| waiting for your suggestions!
| zamadatix wrote:
| Sometimes the term "packager" is used instead of
| "bundler". Honestly though, "compiler" is the term most
| likely to cause any confusion. Even if one is not
| familiar with packagers/bundlers "js to exe ${unknown
| phrase}" still conveys things more clearly than "js to
| exe ${misleading phrase}".
| quotemstr wrote:
| Blame bun's --compile flag:
| https://bun.sh/docs/bundler/executables
|
| We're probably going to have to live with "compiler"
| meaning "bundler" as an ongoing JavaScript-world neologism.
| Vorh wrote:
| Looks like a good start. A few notes:
|
| - The first thing on the "features" list should be something that
| other compilers cannot do. Esthetics (maybe just say "DX"?) is a
| nice to have - sometimes VERY nice to have - but should not be
| positioned as the most important item.
|
| As the original post says the alternatives have poor ESM support
| - that's a good differentiator.
|
| - Even though ES Modules are part of the ECMAScript standard,
| having a header stating "(Partial) Support for ECMAScript"- to
| me, at least - indicates the project does not support base JS
| features, not that ESM imports have problems. Maybe say "improved
| ESM support"?
|
| - Docs seem a little bare. For example, the Usage section says:
| # Preinstall Node.js on the target machine astra install
|
| Which machine is the "target" machine? I would assume, in the
| context of compiling, that the target would be the machine you
| are compiling for... but installing software remotely seems out
| of scope. Does it install it locally, or swap the bundled
| installation in the .exe?
|
| Also, no mention of binary limitations in actual docs, despite
| mention in post.
|
| Hopefully this does not come off as discouraging - this looks
| like a good project.
| qwertycodepl wrote:
| Thanks for the feedback! I'm constantly working on the project.
| It's hard to do bc node sea is still an experimental feaurte
| and there's no much documentation about it, and i want to make
| it highest quality possible. And it's my first open-source
| project what's actually getting attention. I would really
| appreciate any help with this project!
| thot_experiment wrote:
| > Average exe is ~70-80MB (depends on your code) so it's lighter
| than most compilers
|
| I know it's JS not actually a compiler but a bundler that just
| packs node in with your code, but I still had a nice laugh at
| 80mb being light. I suppose that's where the overton window is in
| a world of 1gb node_modules folders.
|
| I wish there was a middle ground between this sort of thing and
| QuickJS (which is _actually_ light, but has a lot of rough edges
| when it comes to its filesystem and network interfaces)
| martinsnow wrote:
| What's light enough when the average user in the western
| hemisphere has +300gb of storage?
|
| I'm just asking since a 512gb disk has become the standard when
| ordering a laptop.
| CleanCoder wrote:
| The amount of functionality an application provides should be
| the benchmark for the size rather than one's available disk
| space. I'm sitting on 20TB+ of available storage and anything
| over 1MB for a simple "Hello World" is excessive.
| johnisgood wrote:
| Well, if we already could make something in 1 MB, why do we
| want to achieve the same thing with 100 MB? It is as if there
| is a mentality of "somehow the higher the size the better".
| kube-system wrote:
| In professional and enthusiast circles, yes, but I think you
| underestimate the popularity of cheap laptops.
|
| e.g. currently only 2 of the top 10 selling laptops on Amazon
| have >=300GB storage.
|
| https://www.amazon.com/Best-Sellers-Computers-Accessories-
| La...
|
| Cheap laptops with a Celeron, 4 GB RAM, and 64 GB storage
| have been incredibly popular since that formula became
| popular a handful of years ago. As are base-model MacBook
| Airs.
| TimTheTinker wrote:
| Bun also supports this out of the box, and the overhead is
| likely a bit less (reportedly 30-40MB for a single
| `console.log` call with no further dependencies - I didn't
| verify that myself though).
|
| https://bun.sh/docs/bundler/executables
|
| I suspect a large portion of the executable size in both cases
| is for the ICU library for localization support (Note QuickJS
| has its own, much smaller l10n library.) It's possible to
| download a Node binary without ICU, which could trim ~30MB.
| zamadatix wrote:
| > reportedly 30-40MB for a single `console.log` call with no
| further dependencies - I didn't verify that myself though
|
| I got a 110 MB exe for "console.log('test')" in "test.ts"
| using "bun build .\test.ts --compile --outfile test.exe".
| Pretty compressible though, on the order of 1/4th the size
| pretty easily. Considering it has zstd compression for
| sourcemaps that'd be an interesting option to add in.
| dpcan wrote:
| This is really interesting, got it up and running very quickly.
|
| I'm not sure what the use case is and it doesn't auto-load
| chromium with its own web server from what I can tell. Is it just
| for creating javascript CLI utilities?
| qwertycodepl wrote:
| Yes, astra it's aiming to compile CLIs and servers (express,
| fastify etc.). It's not replacing electron.
| zamadatix wrote:
| Very interesting. The readme notes "Different than the others -
| Astra is a new approach to compiling JavaScript/TypeScript
| applications. It uses a different method than other compilers
| like pkg or nexe." but never really explains what the difference
| is. Is it just that the code is run through esbuild before the
| SEA step or is there some other "magic sauce"?
| qwertycodepl wrote:
| Yes it's just esbuild and SEA BUT that's actually the point.
| SEA is officialy supported by node.js and it constantly
| improves. Remember pkg and nexe supports only the older
| versions of node.js (~14) and astra supports the latest ones.
|
| So in a way, the "magic sauce" it that it doesn't try to do
| anything fancy. I made astra beacuse i needed to compile js to
| exe for latest versions.
|
| I wanted astra to be simple, built on official tools, and be
| future-proof.
| quotemstr wrote:
| This is not a compiler. It is doing no program translation. No
| register allocation. No parsing. No linking. It in no way
| resembles a compiler. Not every program that produces an
| executable file is a compiler just because _some_ programs you
| may have heard of, like gcc, _are_ in fact compilers.
|
| I wish the JS universe would stop inventing new and wrong names
| for things.
|
| (That said, this thing is at least using postject for actual
| insertion of the payload blob into the target executable, and
| based on its README, postjecth as the good taste to embed data as
| PE/ELF/Mach-O sections instead (as Bun does) of just YOLOing the
| attachment with cat.)
| qwertycodepl wrote:
| I totally understand your point - Astra doesn't do register
| allocation or full parsing, so strictly speaking, it's not a
| compiler in the traditional sense.
|
| I used the term "compiler" because for many developers, it's
| strongly associated with "turning source code into a single
| binary." That's what Astra does at a practical level - even if
| it's technically just bundling and embedding into a node
| executable using SEA and postject.
| quotemstr wrote:
| > it's strongly associated with "turning source code into a
| single binary."
|
| Using things because they sound nice without thinking about
| whether they make sense is pretty much the whole JavaScript
| community. :)
| Carrok wrote:
| This whole thread was uncalled for honestly. It takes
| source, it makes an exe, that meets the definition for
| compiler to me. Your pedantry is not useful.
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