[HN Gopher] AI Won't Kill Junior Devs - But Your Hiring Strategy...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       AI Won't Kill Junior Devs - But Your Hiring Strategy Might
        
       Author : kiyanwang
       Score  : 32 points
       Date   : 2025-05-18 19:14 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (addyo.substack.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (addyo.substack.com)
        
       | bigfatkitten wrote:
       | The legal industry has already figured out that LLMs can draft
       | routine documents (and make massive mistakes) as well as a
       | graduate lawyer, but that's not the point.
       | 
       | That industry has properly recognised that this is where people
       | learn the skills to do more complex, higher value work.
        
         | bogzz wrote:
         | Maybe because law firms aren't managed by MBAs.
        
           | RhysabOweyn wrote:
           | For now... some states are beginning to change their laws to
           | allow non-lawyers to own law firms.
           | 
           | https://www.wsj.com/articles/kpmg-wants-to-be-the-first-
           | acco...
        
             | echelon wrote:
             | Why shouldn't a law firm be owned by non-lawyers? That
             | limitation seems ridiculous.
             | 
             | Hospitals are owned by non-doctors. Engineering firms are
             | owned by non-engineers. Sometimes it works, sometimes it
             | doesn't. Sometimes the ones that fail are owned by the
             | practitioners and the ones that succeed are led by former
             | outsiders.
             | 
             | Toymaking companies are owned by adults, gynecology
             | practices can be owned by men, wheelchair companies can be
             | owned by those who can walk, record labels can be owned by
             | non-vocalists, etc. Most sports teams...
             | 
             | Why should lawyers get special treatment?
             | 
             | If someone is a good operator, that's orthogonal.
             | 
             | Most ICs are not good at leadership, logistics, product,
             | long term vision, etc. or at least not everything that a
             | well-rounded CEO or owner might be. While hiring leadership
             | from within the ranks works, it's not a necessary condition
             | for success.
        
               | bigfatkitten wrote:
               | It's because there are financial and other accountability
               | requirements unique to law firms (dealing with trust
               | money etc) that are tied directly to the legal
               | professional obligations of the person in charge of the
               | firm.
        
               | CPLX wrote:
               | Because lawyers occupy a quasi-public role in our legal
               | system. They aren't entirely separate from the system
               | itself. The legal system depends on the enforcement of
               | ethics and responsibility in a way that might be
               | incompatible with a purely profit motive.
               | 
               | This point is arguable of course. On one hand legal
               | services are expensive and often inaccessible for many.
               | On the other hand more aggressive competition and
               | consolidation has absolutely ruined society in a couple
               | situations, medicine being the obvious example.
               | 
               | So there's more than one point of view on this.
        
               | abdullahkhalids wrote:
               | Bits About Money says similar things about banks: "A
               | recurring theme of this column is that banks are
               | privately funded public infrastructure." [1]. So laws
               | around them are quite strict and different from regular
               | companies.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.bitsaboutmoney.com/archive/why-is-that-
               | bank-bran...
        
               | tomrod wrote:
               | How many things have private equity ruined?
               | 
               | Now imagine you are given less than judicious
               | representation by the only law firm in town.
        
               | morkalork wrote:
               | This is a whole thing with pharmacies not owned by
               | pharmacists, veterinarian clinics not owned by vets,
               | dental clinics not owned by dentists and yes, people have
               | noticed the perversion of incentives.
        
               | jltsiren wrote:
               | Attorneys have a special status before the law. In
               | particular, an attorney is legally required to act in the
               | client's legitimate interests. If there is another person
               | in the organization above the attorney and that person is
               | also an attorney, the same requirement extends to them.
               | But if that person is a random MBA or shareholder, they
               | have no such obligation, which creates a conflict of
               | interest.
               | 
               | Other true professions have similar but lesser
               | requirements. Some leadership positions in a hospital
               | require an MD. Not because the MD makes you a better
               | leader, but because the position involves making medical
               | decisions. In an engineering company, some decisions must
               | be made by a civil engineer. And so on.
               | 
               | The requirements for attorneys are stricter, because the
               | law is a special case before the law. While other fields
               | exist within the system, the law is the system itself.
        
           | hengheng wrote:
           | Or because bad legal documents become obvious immediately,
           | while bad code has a 2-3 year incubation period.
        
             | i_am_jl wrote:
             | I am not understanding the joke.
        
               | arcanemachiner wrote:
               | They're saying that the language in such a document could
               | be read and discovered almost immediately, whereas the
               | logic bomb sitting inside a bunch of poorly written code
               | may take years before it finally explodes.
        
               | i_am_jl wrote:
               | ...while ignoring that flaws in legal documents are not
               | always immediately obvious, and bugs in code are not
               | always difficult to discover.
        
             | bigfatkitten wrote:
             | Not always. Contracts for example sometimes contain
             | landmines that lay undiscovered for a decade or more.
             | 
             | A key difference is that law is an actual profession. It
             | has qualification, continuing professional development and
             | licensing requirements, and personal consequences for
             | getting it wrong. None of these things are true for
             | software development.
        
             | margalabargala wrote:
             | I would argue they are pretty similar. It's not hard for a
             | bad clause in a contract to get overlooked at first and
             | then become a problem years later. Example:
             | 
             | https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/think-commas-don-t-
             | matt...
        
             | CPLX wrote:
             | I'm pretty fluent in both worlds and they are actually
             | highly equivalent on this one specific point.
             | 
             | In both cases it looks perfect and it works right up until
             | it doesn't, usually for the same reason, entering an
             | unanticipated state.
        
           | bigfatkitten wrote:
           | They are run by partners laser focused on making money, just
           | over a longer time horizon than private equity would be.
           | Equity partners have most of their own wealth tied to the
           | firm.
           | 
           | Grads are cheap. Partners can dangle the future senior
           | associate/partner carrot over the head of a hopeful junior
           | for many years while that junior brings in money that goes
           | into the partners' pockets. The junior brings in more money
           | as they grow professionally.
        
       | comrade1234 wrote:
       | Hiring a junior dev is a luxury for big companies that can afford
       | to tie up senior devs tandem coding with a junior for months,
       | then giving easy projects to the junior dev with extensive code
       | review and hand-holding for another year.
       | 
       | I don't think anyone has the budget for that anymore - not even
       | the big companies. It's two years of negative $ output for the $
       | you put in and after those two years the junior dev leaves anyway
       | for a more senior position.
        
         | robofanatic wrote:
         | This isn't a new phenomenon and not limited to software
         | development. Companies know that people get trained and leave
         | all the time. Most companies have plans for that.
        
         | t-writescode wrote:
         | There's a lot to be said about this comment, but I'll stick to
         | two things.
         | 
         | 1) it's a waste of resources for seniors to be doing the work
         | that the juniors and 2s can do. Hunting down infrequent or low
         | priority bugs, fixing small layout issues, etc. they're perfect
         | for someone paid less and growing and learning the codebase.
         | 
         | There is *always* plenty of junior-ready work and the day a
         | week of work to schedule, prep and help those juniors to do it
         | pays dividends.
         | 
         | 2) a Junior leaving because you won't pay them, have a toxic
         | culture or won't give them a promotion when it's time speaks
         | more about a broken company culture and one of a style that's
         | rampant in the tech industry and business at large than it does
         | about loyalty and willingness for the employee to stay at the
         | company.
         | 
         | Good leadership and skilled organizers can easily solve the
         | problems you've listed; and, even better, create a culture of
         | longevity for all the employees at a company, not just the
         | juniors.
         | 
         | Speaking as someone that has worked for companies that give a
         | shit about their workers and who helped raise me up from a low
         | SDE.
        
           | lolinder wrote:
           | > it's a waste of resources for seniors to be doing the work
           | that the juniors and 2s can do. Hunting down infrequent or
           | low priority bugs, fixing small layout issues, etc.
           | 
           | These are tasks that in the current environment often get
           | pushed back for "later" indefinitely. These tasks aren't un-
           | resourced because the company isn't hiring juniors, the
           | company isn't hiring juniors because they no longer have the
           | funds for small fixes.
        
             | jiggawatts wrote:
             | As a customer of these types of businesses: yes, we can
             | tell. We do care, and we are ready to drop the shitty
             | products of these bad companies at the first opportunity.
        
             | adgjlsfhk1 wrote:
             | The problem with this idea is that being bug free and jank
             | free is the moat that a mature app needs. Software lives on
             | user trust. If everyone can see that the simple things
             | aren't being done right, why will they have faith that the
             | complex things are?
        
         | mjr00 wrote:
         | IMO you're way overestimating how much hand-holding juniors
         | need. Juniors coming out of college have a decent grasp of
         | basic tooling like git, IDEs, debuggers, and yes AI coding
         | assistants. We just hired two recent graduates and they were
         | both getting meaningful work done independently within 2 weeks.
         | They still need code review and guidance, but it's not like
         | they need a senior watching over their shoulder telling them
         | how to write a function in python.
         | 
         | You're going to have to teach them about the unique frameworks
         | and processes at your company, but you have to teach seniors
         | about those things too. Unless you're doing something _really_
         | unique, juniors don 't need to tie up senior devs "for months".
         | Remember they can help each other, too.
        
       | matt_s wrote:
       | This aligns with my thinking that juniors can leverage AI to
       | become seniors much faster than people without AI but there are
       | important concepts about learning debugging, learning how the
       | underlying technologies work, etc. that is crucial to becoming a
       | senior dev. Just using AI to pump out code without knowing the
       | details of how it works will not end up going well for the long
       | haul.
        
         | latentsea wrote:
         | Seniors can also leverage AI to become juniors too.
        
           | aspenmayer wrote:
           | Dogfooding is encouraged for our top dogs, underdogs, and
           | even random strays we find. In our vision of the future, on
           | the internet everyone is a dog.
        
       | ghiculescu wrote:
       | The real issue is wage expectations. In 2 ways
       | 
       | 1) For the last decade many juniors have had unreasonable salary
       | expectations that have often still been met. Now there is an
       | alternative that's a lot cheaper and doesn't come with an
       | attitude.
       | 
       | 2) It's generally agreed that for the first year or 2 in your
       | career you aren't that useful; after that you start to add lots
       | of value quickly. But salary expectations don't double when you
       | go from a junior to an intermediate - maybe they go up 25%. It's
       | clearly much better value to hire only seniors if you can find
       | them.
       | 
       | I'm not saying these are right or wrong but a whole article about
       | juniors that doesn't mention wages, and just tries to implore
       | companies to "do the right thing", misses the point.
        
       | codr7 wrote:
       | Not only does your fancy AI junior randomly spew bullshit back at
       | you; that happens with humans as well; but it keeps doing it,
       | never learning anything.
       | 
       | Managing one or several of these idiots has to be the worst job
       | ever invented.
        
       | jbmsf wrote:
       | We have one junior dev in a team about a dozen. They have had
       | other roles with us, both at the current job and previous ones.
       | We know they are smart, reliable, and motivated. It's a no
       | brainer to spend time on training because, combined with the
       | skills from other roles, they are likely to have a lot of
       | leverage.
       | 
       | But it's hard to imagine committing to the training without the
       | history.
        
         | ramesh31 wrote:
         | >We know they are smart, reliable, and motivated. It's a no
         | brainer to spend time on training because, combined with the
         | skills from other roles, they are likely to have a lot of
         | leverage.
         | 
         | This is the problem, early career devs are extremely bimodal in
         | skill distribution.
         | 
         | You can luck out and land the 1 in 10 who just gets it and has
         | the knack and has been coding since they were 12. But 9/10
         | times you end up with someone who has trouble even making a
         | commit or with writing basic syntax, who just "picked" software
         | as a career at some point in college for the salary. This has
         | been my experience anywhere that doesnt have FAANG level cash
         | to be hiring the top graduates at 150k+.
        
       | kristianc wrote:
       | > Indeed, companies that try to staff only with experienced devs
       | face a pipeline problem. Without juniors today, there are no
       | seniors tomorrow.
       | 
       | This one seems like a classic Prisoner's Dilemma. Defecting
       | (hiring only seniors) is rational in isolation, but if everyone
       | defects, everyone loses. What incentive for a smaller company to
       | hire and invest in training the junior if in two years they'll
       | leave for a larger company anyway.
        
         | tiew9Vii wrote:
         | Provide an environment and incentives so that people enjoy
         | working for your company and don't want to leave.
        
         | hamandcheese wrote:
         | > if in two years they'll leave for a larger company anyway.
         | 
         | But if companies aren't hiring juniors like they used to,
         | shouldn't retention be a lot easier?
        
         | kunzhi wrote:
         | _> What incentive for a smaller company to hire and invest in
         | training the junior if in two years they 'll leave for a larger
         | company anyway._
         | 
         | I find these statements so damning and self-incriminating. It's
         | an open admission that the junior should expect to be treated
         | poorly.
        
       | codr7 wrote:
       | Using AI certainly isn't expected in any teams I'm leading; not
       | that I'm going to forbid anyone to use a tool, but I will warn
       | everyone about depending on it and the requirement for
       | verification/understanding.
        
       | gokhan wrote:
       | I find it quite naive that senior devs think this will stop with
       | juniors. TFA says "No juniors today means no seniors tomorrow ...
       | juniors must focus on higher-level skills like debugging, system
       | design, and effective collaboration" and yet he believes AI won't
       | be doing all of that by the time those juniors somehow upskill on
       | their own.
       | 
       | I was just testing the newly released Copilot Agent Mode in VS,
       | and it already looks quite capable of debugging things
       | independently (actually, it's not much different from VS Code
       | Agent Mode, which came out a couple of weeks earlier).
       | 
       | System design? Not all seniors need Google-scale design skills.
       | Most systems designed by seniors are either overdesigned, badly
       | designed, or copied from an article or a case study anyway. There
       | are plenty of seniors whose only real qualification is the number
       | of years they've been working.
       | 
       | The author is from Google. I'm not sure if effective
       | collaboration is something given there, but in many companies,
       | especially outside of tech, it's not something you see often. And
       | it's usually inversely proportional to the company's age.
       | 
       | What seniors learned by doing is now written down and available
       | to LLMs, often in multiple sources, explained by some of the best
       | minds in the field. Any given senior likely knows only a fraction
       | of a domain, and even less when you start combining domains. LLMs
       | probably already there for some of the seniors, only they never
       | checked.
        
         | mjr00 wrote:
         | > What seniors learned by doing is now written down and
         | available to LLMs, often in multiple sources, explained by some
         | of the best minds in the field.
         | 
         | It may shock you to learn that this was true before LLMs. There
         | was a website called "Google" which acted as a front-end for
         | almost all recorded knowledge in human history, and putting a
         | phrase like "best design patterns for web APIs" as a search
         | query (the primitive name for prompts) would give you hundreds,
         | if not thousands of real-life examples and explanations of how
         | to accomplish your goal.
         | 
         | Somehow senior developers kept their jobs despite the existence
         | of this almighty oracle. LLMs do a better job of filtering and
         | customizing the information, but seniors will still keep their
         | jobs.
        
       | siliconc0w wrote:
       | Only non-engineers listening to VC-hype on podcasts think that AI
       | can replace fully junior engineers. Here is a problem I recently
       | asked a junior dev to solve:
       | 
       | Our service occasionally gets especially expensive requests that
       | amplify to our dependencies, one of those dependencies have
       | started complaining that our bursts of traffic are impacting
       | other users, talk to them and propose a solution that aligns with
       | our different requirements. Possible directions are X, Y, Z.
       | 
       | AI is pretty far from able to do this. A cracked out vibe coder
       | maybe could have just added a one-off naive rate limit algorithm
       | pulled from stack overflow or maybe pulled in an unmaintained 3rd
       | party 'rate-limit' package and called it a day. And that would be
       | fine for a MVP but in large organizations figuring out what to
       | build, how to build it, and getting agreement with stakeholders
       | is way, way more work that doing than actual implementation
       | (which still rarely can be one-shotted and needs a lot of hand-
       | holding and iteration to get decent solutions).
        
         | decGetAc wrote:
         | I can't tell if you're overestimating your junior devs or
         | underestimating AI. Likely both. The current hype is a lot but
         | some of it is true and I'm seeing everyone at all roles
         | acknowledge this.
         | 
         | I don't think it's a stretch that an AI will be able to do what
         | a junior devs does soon (2/3 years). Getting consensus on a
         | solution out of 3 from various teams ?
         | 
         | There's a few integration points missing today (company docs,
         | company access to slack, longer context) but all of that is
         | possible today. I believe it can do as well as a job as a
         | junior devs can at this task.
         | 
         | I'm genuinely curious if you have been keeping up with AI
         | and/or working with AI for your tasks (technical, writing down
         | different solutions, promoting about how to interact with
         | different teams based on their team specifics)?
         | 
         | Caveat: I'm honestly pretty far from drinking the koolaid but
         | it seems inevitable even if AI stopped progressing - taking
         | what we have today and building on top of it could get us this
        
       | coryvirok wrote:
       | This has led me to wonder if this is the last generation of
       | "senior" devs. The thinking goes, if it takes a couple of years
       | to educate and train a junior dev on average and LLMs can
       | increasingly replace junior devs... There is no need for a
       | company to hire junior devs, starving the ecosystem of talent
       | that would have otherwise gone onto becoming senior.
       | 
       | In a world where the average work is the first to be displaced
       | (due to training data availability), the last to be replaced are
       | the ones furthest from distribution mean...
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2025-05-18 23:02 UTC)