[HN Gopher] Spaced repetition systems have gotten better
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Spaced repetition systems have gotten better
        
       Author : domenicd
       Score  : 636 points
       Date   : 2025-05-18 11:42 UTC (11 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (domenic.me)
 (TXT) w3m dump (domenic.me)
        
       | entropie wrote:
       | Pretty OT: A few month ago I tried to marry my simple note system
       | with anki. My goal was to be able to send simple front/backside
       | cards to an api and it would get integrated and I can use it
       | immediately. Ofc, when I edit cards via my notes-backend, the
       | cards in anki should update too.
       | 
       | Long story short: not possible with anki. It took like an entire
       | day for me to realize its just not possible without diving deep
       | into ankis sqlitedb and having the client installed on my server
       | to interact in a horrible way with decks. I wrote my own space
       | repetition [1] backend in a week and never looked back to anki.
       | Ill intergrate FSRS in my software.
       | 
       | 1:
       | https://github.com/entropie/ha2itat/tree/main/plugins/entrom...
        
         | welder wrote:
         | Edit: nevermind
        
           | entropie wrote:
           | Iam not sure what you are trying to tell me. Do you think I
           | didnt use the original anki software? I think I have never
           | heard of "AnkiApp" before.
        
         | johanyc wrote:
         | Every anki card is just a webview. Its very possible to call an
         | api
        
           | entropie wrote:
           | Then you should be able to link me to some docs.
        
             | david_allison wrote:
             | > In Anki, templates are written in HTML, which is the
             | language that web pages are written in. The styling section
             | is CSS, which is the language used for styling web pages.
             | 
             | https://docs.ankiweb.net/templates/intro.html
             | 
             | ----
             | 
             | But you'd want AnkiConnect, or a Python-based addon for
             | your workflow
        
             | criddell wrote:
             | Have you looked into any of the open source clients to see
             | how they are communicating with the server?
        
               | entropie wrote:
               | I did that. The consens is like, just an example, yanki-
               | connect:
               | 
               | > Anki desktop app auto-launch > Perhaps the most
               | precarious aspect of the Anki-Connect add-on is that the
               | Anki desktop application must be running for any of the
               | API calls to work. Yanki Connect tries to sand down this
               | rough edge by (optionally) automatically launching the
               | Anki desktop app if it's not running already.
        
         | yellow_lead wrote:
         | I looked into this before too. Ankiweb (the place where cards
         | created on Anki sync to) does not provide a rest API. The
         | service is free though. It makes sense they may not want
         | automated clients.
         | 
         | There is an implementation of their sync server, which you can
         | self host. And it has a REST API
         | 
         | https://github.com/dsnopek/anki-sync-server
         | 
         | I think I ran into a blocker with it not supporting something I
         | needed last time I tried to use it though.
        
         | SamPatt wrote:
         | If you use Obsidian there's a great plugin which allows me to
         | make flashcards easily within my notes:
         | 
         | https://www.stephenmwangi.com/obsidian-spaced-repetition/
        
         | kartikarti wrote:
         | Wouldn't AnkiConnect be good enough here?
         | 
         | https://ankiweb.net/shared/info/2055492159
        
         | jwrallie wrote:
         | Anki can import .csv files and if one of the column content is
         | matching an existing item, it will update the contents of the
         | card while keeping the repetition history. Think of it like
         | including a column with unique keys.
         | 
         | I know this is not precisely what you wanted, but yes, Anki can
         | update card contents.
        
         | rsanek wrote:
         | i use the python package genanki to accomplish this. I've found
         | it to be extremely dependable -- just use the first field as a
         | UUID and you're golden (future imports dedupe and auto update
         | imported cards with the same first field)
        
       | Macha wrote:
       | I do think that Wanikani and Bunpro are kind of in a catch-22 on
       | this compared to Anki. They've built their gamification features
       | and UI on the idea that cards have specific buckets that they're
       | in and something like FSRS is a lot more varied than that.
       | Especially Wanikani, which has a system of unlocking more items
       | based on your current items reaching a specific stage.
        
         | bpev wrote:
         | So I haven't integrated FSRS, and of these two, I've only used
         | Wanikani, and have been playing with a reimplemention for
         | Chinese hanzi: https://hanzi.bpev.me
         | 
         | But seeing how it's implemented, I think they could totally
         | integrate something like FSRS to at least just replace their
         | scheduling (how long until an item is next shown). The
         | unlocking system can be implemented as a separate gatekeeping
         | mechanism, and the buckets can be coded for certain step
         | thresholds (instead of wanikani's "stage").
         | 
         | Basically, this is their entire srs system:
         | https://docs.api.wanikani.com/20170710/#spaced-repetition-sy...
        
       | bearjaws wrote:
       | Spaced repetition has been all the rage for 20 years now.
       | 
       | Dozens of apps, thousands of lectures, and it turns out its not
       | really a silver bullet.
       | 
       | There's nothing really wrong with it, it's just that people tend
       | to fall off the same way they do on any other education pattern.
       | 
       | A couple years ago I was thinking "If Google and Apple really
       | cared about kids they would make a spaced repetition unlock
       | system", where by you have to make note cards every week and then
       | have to answer correctly to get into your phone. (obviously
       | requires some bypass system, other rules, etc)
       | 
       | You could probably jury rig it with a popup that comes up after
       | you unlock, but people would never install it anyway.
        
         | huhkerrf wrote:
         | If you're expecting it to be a silver bullet, then you're in
         | for a bad time.
         | 
         | You still have to do the work.
         | 
         | It's a lever or a pulley, nothing more.
        
           | jgalt212 wrote:
           | > You still have to do the work
           | 
           | Spaced repetition is doing the work.
        
             | antasvara wrote:
             | The "work" is actively trying to recall the information on
             | the card. Spaced repetition is just a more efficient way of
             | doing this than (for example) cycling through every single
             | card, every single day.
        
               | aswegs8 wrote:
               | ...and more efficient than reading long-form text or
               | course material
        
         | petesergeant wrote:
         | > There's nothing really wrong with it
         | 
         | And a gigantic amount right with it.
         | 
         | This is a strange comment because it shrugs off something that
         | has been transformative and hugely useful to a lot of people
         | because it doesn't fix all conceivable problems.
        
           | chjj wrote:
           | I don't think it's a strange comment. He's mostly right (and
           | so are you, but I think you're talking past each other).
           | There's nothing wrong with SRS, and I agree with you that
           | it's basically like cheat codes for memorization, but there
           | is a limit to what most people can do. i.e. most people _do_
           | tend to drop off.
           | 
           | I remember reading some stats from WaniKani (Japanese SRS
           | app) a while back...
           | 
           | WaniKani has 60 "levels" to learn 2000+ kanji. Each level
           | takes about a week (there's no skipping ahead), so the
           | material takes about a year of study to complete -- that's if
           | you're going at breakneck pace, which most people aren't.
           | 
           | According to the numbers I saw on the WK forums, ~8% of users
           | reach level 30 and less than 1% reach level 60... and that's
           | just to learn as much kanji as a 9th grader. That's to say
           | nothing of the grammar and the 20,000+ vocab words you'll
           | need to SRS to truly learn the language, or the thousands of
           | hours you'll have to spend speaking/listening/reading,
           | immersing yourself in native content, etc.
           | 
           | People give up very easily. The language learning community
           | often gives year estimates to reach "near-native level" in a
           | language based on frequency of study. In reality, the process
           | takes a lifetime. I don't know if people truly know what
           | they're signing up for when install those apps and begin
           | studying. It's a lifelong commitment. It's just something you
           | do now, every day.
           | 
           | You can stop at any time of course, and most people do (more
           | than 99% of them apparently).
        
             | chongli wrote:
             | Learning a language as a hobby is tough. If you don't need
             | the language to communicate and survive in your environment
             | then you have essentially zero real motivation to learn it.
             | 
             | The problem with spaced repetition systems is that it
             | doesn't supply that extra motivation. You're still just
             | memorizing things in a vacuum. If you truly want to learn a
             | language you need to use it to communicate. That means
             | making friends, travelling, reading books, and consuming
             | other media in that language.
        
               | Tijdreiziger wrote:
               | You can also be motivated because you like to consume
               | media in the language (relevant for English and
               | Japanese), because you think it will be useful for a job
               | (English) or for travel (French, Spanish, etc.), or
               | simply because you like the language.
               | 
               | If you don't have any of these reasons to motivate you,
               | the question arises of why you're bothering in the first
               | place.
        
               | chongli wrote:
               | I started learning Mandarin on Duolingo while dating a
               | Chinese woman. After we broke up I continued with it just
               | because I found it fun.
               | 
               | Now I have several Chinese friends and I'm learning
               | Chinese cooking. I'm motivated to continue learning about
               | Chinese food and Chinese culture, and the important role
               | food plays within it.
        
             | gnubison wrote:
             | The article specifically points out WaniKani as an example
             | of a very bad implementation of spaced repetition (see the
             | "FSRS in practice" heading, under the paragraph "for
             | Japanese language learning specifically...").
        
         | oliwary wrote:
         | I think this is a brilliant idea! Surprised nobody has built it
         | yet. I would definitely use it.
        
         | hiatus wrote:
         | I would expect the flashcards produced under this regime to be
         | utterly useless, like a flashcard with "A" and the answer is
         | "B", or simple math problems. In other words, Goodhart's law.
        
           | InkCanon wrote:
           | This is a very big problem. Virtually all the results from
           | research here comes from some form of simple word recall.
           | Direct recall occupies some part of real world tasks, but IRL
           | if you're stopped by doing something it's people not because
           | you can't remember it (and you could look it up if you
           | forgot).
        
             | aswegs8 wrote:
             | It's just logical that memorization is useful for broad
             | areas like vocabulary and get progressively worse the more
             | depth is involved, e.g. vocabulary>grammar>maths. The first
             | one doesn't require generalization, the last one most
             | certainly does. Even though I find that SRS leads to good
             | generalization if it is used for relatively shallow
             | conceptual knowledge.
        
         | Alex-Programs wrote:
         | Spaced repetition is _time-optimised_ , but it isn't self-
         | discipline optimised, nor motivation-optimised. If you're
         | limited by time, it's very efficient, but it drains motivation.
         | If you're anywhere close to being limited by motivation (or,
         | failing that, self-discipline), it just causes burnout and
         | failure.
         | 
         | I credit Anki to my success at GCSEs and A Levels despite
         | having a head injury, and I also credit it to me burning out so
         | hard I took a gap year!
         | 
         | And I'm enjoying the gap year, but Anki made it a near
         | necessity.
        
           | InkCanon wrote:
           | There was an interesting post here awhile back about autonomy
           | and motivation. The gist was people's motivation is
           | proportional to their autonomy. This is quite intuitive, you
           | can see people are really motivated when they have autonomy
           | (think kids with Minecraft, musicians with instruments). One
           | terrible thing about Anki is that it probably is horrible for
           | autonomy. Quite possibly using anki actually has a negative
           | effect on motivation.
        
             | url00 wrote:
             | That sounds very interesting! Do you still have a link to
             | that post?
        
               | Tomte wrote:
               | Look up Deci/Ryan, self determination theory.
        
           | maximus-decimus wrote:
           | I don't understand, wouldn't it be worse for motivation to
           | take longer to achieve the same results?
        
             | avemuri wrote:
             | Motivation is some combination of real and perceived effort
             | Vs expected reward. Shorter isn't always better. For eg.
             | Counting every single calorie is the shorter way to lose
             | weight, but for most people, eating approximately healthy
             | is more optimal from an effort /motivation poi t of view.
        
               | dkarl wrote:
               | I think both have a place. When someone is starting for
               | the first time, they're enthusiastic, but they haven't
               | built faith in the process yet. It's easy for them to
               | lose confidence if they're putting in work but the
               | results are slow or ambiguous. I think it's best to take
               | advantage of their beginner's enthusiasm and kick them
               | off with something higher effort that is guaranteed to
               | show them clear results. After they build confidence they
               | can settle in to something lower effort (aka "more
               | sustainable") where the benefit is longer-term and you
               | don't see dramatic results every week.
        
             | Alex-Programs wrote:
             | Spending half an hour mind-numbingly learning words through
             | flashcards will teach you about as much vocabulary as an
             | hour watching educational videos, but it'll be far less fun
             | and you'll feel like it actually took two hours.
             | 
             | Keep that up every day and you'll burn out much faster with
             | option 1 than option 2. Now, maybe you have enough
             | motivation for that not to matter, or the self-discipline
             | to keep going - as I did in my A levels - but don't be
             | surprised if it kills your interest in the subject.
        
               | runarberg wrote:
               | I'm not super well versed in the literature but I know
               | this has been researched, and--unless you are being
               | hyperbolic--it completely fails the sniff test.
               | 
               | As OP points out, SRS is optimized for memory retention.
               | You will almost certainly _encounter_ many more words
               | watching a two hour long video, but you certainly won't
               | _retain_ nearly as many words as half an hour of SRS.
               | 
               | Actually you can combine the two. Use the two hour long
               | video to encounter new vocabulary in context, put the new
               | vocabulary in your Anki deck, and review it with
               | optimized SRS. You get the best of both worlds. As a
               | bonus you often remember the source which will help you
               | recall... This is actually common enough pattern that it
               | has a name: Vocabulary mining.
        
               | Alex-Programs wrote:
               | Yeah, and flashcards generally work better when you're
               | reinforcing existing learning. Learning by flashcards is
               | hellish for me.
        
               | jldugger wrote:
               | > Learning by flashcards is hellish for me.
               | 
               | Wait, you're putting yourself in a situation where the
               | first time you see a card, you have no idea what it is?
        
               | Alex-Programs wrote:
               | I've tried it in a few situations (e.g. my driving
               | license theory test) and yeah it's absolutely awful and I
               | quickly stopped. My modus operandi is obsidian
               | notes->flashcards->revision to keep my knowledge up.
               | However, a lot of people do actually do that!
               | 
               | People will genuinely download top x wordlists for a
               | language and try to learn from them. Hideous, but they do
               | it.
        
               | runarberg wrote:
               | > People will genuinely download top x wordlists for a
               | language and try to learn from them.
               | 
               | I've done that, and I've even created a whole SRS app to
               | learn kanji which does that by default
               | (https://shodoku.app).
               | 
               | I think this is common practice for the first 1000 words,
               | and I don't exactly recommend against it. Unless your
               | target language is close to another language you already
               | know, you are going to have to learn your first 1000
               | words somehow, and you will not learn them by
               | comprehensible input in any reasonable time, unless you
               | are actually living in the language area, and cannot use
               | other languages.
               | 
               | I actually bought a vocabulary book which has 1000 basic
               | words and example sentences and puts them in categories
               | (e.g. work, travel, food, etc.). I then downloaded an
               | Anki deck from the book and use it. To be fair though, I
               | first read the word in the book, and practice it with a
               | red-sheet (albeit in reverse, i.e. from english and try
               | to recall it in japanese).
               | 
               | As for my kanji learning app. I made it so the first time
               | you see a kanji, it does not hide any information, and it
               | shows you the strokes in order as you write it on first
               | encounter, after that you review it normally.
        
               | ayrtondesozzla wrote:
               | Oh thanks, I didn't know there was a name for the thing
               | I've been doing. Vocabulary mining is a nice term.
               | 
               | I agree with your general point too. People are correct
               | to say SRS only helps with memorising and not with
               | learning, but this is only a problem if you haven't
               | developed functional learning techniques or you have to
               | learn something you don't enjoy. Good learning
               | essentially hinges on interest and excitement, and making
               | the thing you're learning relatable or catchy.
               | 
               | If you have exams and deadlines, this can be hard. If
               | you've no exams and no deadlines, just flashcard anything
               | interesting that comes your way, include context and
               | jokes, and focus on enjoying yourself. Delete flashcards
               | with a smile if they annoy you a few repetitions down the
               | line. Make all your own cards. Invent funny stuff, find
               | quirky facts that stand out.
               | 
               | E.g., the area of Ireland is 84,421km^2 - all powers of
               | 2. I never had a "yardstick" for big areas, now I do.
               | Borneo is nearly nine Irelands in size.
               | 
               | Or another example, French Polynesia has 121 islands, 75
               | of which are inhabited. I found this fact shocking, so I
               | thought I'd put it in to a flashcard. After some quick
               | reflection, I'm sure you too could come up with ways to
               | make those numbers stand out.
               | 
               | Another - the title of Wittgenstein's "Tractatus Logico
               | Philosophicus" - where truth tables were popularised -
               | ends in SOS. No more forgetting the title, or where truth
               | tables are from!
               | 
               | In summary - learn things you like, and make it spicy for
               | you.
        
               | fluidcruft wrote:
               | It's very likely that you're using Anki in situations
               | that will burn you out and drain your motivation anyway.
        
               | Alex-Programs wrote:
               | Nah, I love physics. It's just a lot!
               | 
               | Edit: It's worth noting I had a nasty head injury that
               | was slowing me down. Optimising my learning was a
               | necessity, and the injury meant I spent more time
               | studying than my peers, in more optimised and less
               | enjoyable ways, to get the same result.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | > Spending half an hour mind-numbingly learning words
               | through flashcards will teach you about as much
               | vocabulary as an hour watching educational videos, but
               | it'll be far less fun and you'll feel like it actually
               | took two hours.
               | 
               | The first part is definitely untrue, you won't learn any
               | vocabulary spending an hour watching an educational
               | video, you'll be lucky if you remember one new word
               | tomorrow. That half hour on Anki will be spread out over
               | six months, and will teach you 20 words.
               | 
               | As for the second part, doing Anki is like doing through
               | any sort of timeline that spits out random rewards and
               | failures. I get a rush whenever I remember stuff, and I
               | get bummed out when I forget; it's basically facebook.
               | 
               | I understand why one wouldn't think that with single-word
               | vocabulary flashcards, because they are horrible to do
               | and unhelpful. You should be running sentences, not
               | words. Words rarely translate well, change form when they
               | are in sentences, and often show up as part of seemingly
               | ungrammatical set phrases.
        
             | tikhonj wrote:
             | What's worse for motivation than taking longer?
             | 
             | Boredom?
             | 
             | Feeling like what you're doing is low-quality or
             | superficial?
             | 
             | Doing something artificial for purely external reasons like
             | grades or exams?
             | 
             | Can't speak for anyone else, but for me I would take slower
             | progress over any of these... which makes spaced repetition
             | a hard sell.
        
               | Alex-Programs wrote:
               | > What's worse for motivation than taking longer?
               | 
               | Many things. I think HN is a bit of a bubble here, but
               | you'll find a lot of people prefer something enjoyable
               | but slower to something efficient and faster, even if
               | they won't admit it.
               | 
               | See the popularity of Duolingo vs Anki as an example! Or
               | Quizlet vs Anki. Or the scores of students who revise by
               | half-watching dopamine-ified youtube videos rather than
               | doing past papers and flashcards. If you ask people,
               | they'll often say they care for efficiency, but their
               | revealed preferences say otherwise.
               | 
               | Doing large amounts (hours) of Anki day in day out is
               | truly miserable, particularly when the alternatives can
               | be quite enjoyable. And if you burn out before you
               | achieve your goal, is the "efficiency" really worth it vs
               | going slower but eventually getting there?
               | 
               | Plus, a lot of people want to learn e.g. a language
               | because they enjoy the process as well as the end result.
               | Making the process miserable in order to get to the end
               | result faster isn't always a good tradeoff.
               | 
               | Which is what it's about. It's a tradeoff. I'm a big
               | proponent of flashcards, but I think it's important to
               | recognise that you're trading enjoyment for speed in most
               | cases.
        
               | 0xDEAFBEAD wrote:
               | Maybe an 80/20 approach where you only create flashcards
               | for the 20% of knowledge that's most useful? E.g. for a
               | language, you could create 1000 flashcards for the 1000
               | most common words which allow for basic real-world
               | communication?
        
               | Alex-Programs wrote:
               | My personal approach with A levels was to strictly learn
               | content through classes, then organise things (which
               | teaches you a lot on its own!) and make my own
               | flashcards. Then I used the flashcards to keep it fresh
               | till exam season. It was crazy, during revision lessons
               | everyone else in the class would be going "uhhh I have no
               | clue, that was two years ago" while I'd just know it.
               | 
               | I have tried different approaches, including using other
               | people's flashcards (not as good - objectively they were
               | high quality, but you gain a lot from writing your own +
               | tailoring to your own way of looking at things) and
               | learning from them (for my driving theory - terrible
               | idea!). That hybrid approach is the best I've found, and
               | the one I intend to use for my degree.
        
               | 0xDEAFBEAD wrote:
               | I appreciate you replying to my comments!
               | 
               | I confess I'm interested to hear your thoughts re: the
               | usefulness of SRS from a more holistic perspective.
               | 
               | Gwern writes:
               | 
               | >...if, over your lifetime, you will spend more than 5
               | minutes looking something up or will lose more than 5
               | minutes as a result of not knowing something, then it's
               | worthwhile to memorize it with spaced repetition. 5
               | minutes is the line that divides trivia from useful data.
               | 
               | https://gwern.net/spaced-repetition
               | 
               | My sense is that there are very few facts I will spend
               | more than 5 minutes of my life repeatedly looking up. And
               | even then, many of those are facts that I will naturally
               | end up memorizing regardless of SRS, since I'm using the
               | info so often.
               | 
               | I understand the utility of SRS for test takers or
               | language learners. When Google is impractical or
               | unavailable, memorization makes sense. But for everything
               | else -- why not just Google it?
        
               | Alex-Programs wrote:
               | Honestly, I'm not sure I'm a particularly good person to
               | ask about this. I've experimented with Anki for areas
               | other than test taking and language learning, but it
               | didn't stick.
               | 
               | I used it for some geography stuff, and that was fine I
               | suppose, I like geography, but I stopped after a while.
               | 
               | I find it easy to remember things if I care about them.
               | Ergo, if I care enough to put it in Anki, Anki is
               | useless.
               | 
               | Particularly with LLMs being a thing, you don't even need
               | to concretely know what you're looking for - just give
               | chatgpt a vague description and let it list out
               | suggestions until it jogs your memory.
               | 
               | When it comes to physics etc, you'll end up memorising
               | everything relevant to the areas you actually use. In
               | areas like "What is the star type of a star with a
               | temperature of 6000K" - something that I memorised using
               | Anki, and which took me a while - if I actually worked in
               | that area of astrophysics I'd obviously learn that quite
               | quickly.
               | 
               | I suppose it could be useful for maintaining knowledge.
               | Had I not been burnt out I would have kept up my
               | flashcards through my gap year, which would've presumably
               | been quite useful - I'm currently going through the slog
               | of relearning how to integrate so I'm not totally
               | embarrassed at uni!
        
               | jldugger wrote:
               | > Many things. I think HN is a bit of a bubble here, but
               | you'll find a lot of people prefer something enjoyable
               | but slower to something efficient and faster, even if
               | they won't admit it.
               | 
               | This is so well known that it was covered extensively in
               | the book Make It Stick[1], that you might as well call it
               | the "student fallacy." (And they might have; ironically,
               | I've forgotten if they do or not!)
               | 
               | [1]: https://www.amazon.com/Make-Stick-Science-
               | Successful-Learnin...
        
               | tikhonj wrote:
               | Yeah, 100%. I worded my comment a bit awkwardly, but
               | that's exactly what I was getting at too :)
        
               | tsumnia wrote:
               | Mastery by George Leonard touches on some of this;
               | learners can fall into 3 categories during the learning
               | process: Dabblers, Obsessives, and Hackers. Each one has
               | strengths and weaknesses, but the core philosophy is that
               | "mastery takes time". After 2-3 years of practice, you
               | know all the moves in a school of martial arts, or all
               | the chord progressions for an instrument. But its the
               | "after" where you either continue to refine or move on to
               | the next skill.
               | 
               | Anything advertising that you can learn X in Y days isn't
               | addressing that "after" period. Once you've learned the
               | skill, you need motivation toward applying it, which in
               | turn refines your skills. Conversely, becoming hyper
               | fixated can be detrimental to overall skill. "Jack of all
               | trades, master of none" HOWEVER the rest of the quote
               | goes "but often times better than a master of one"
               | 
               | Sometimes you gotta slog through the boring bits to
               | progress.
        
           | barrell wrote:
           | I would say the implementations are time optimized, over the
           | others. I'm building a language learning application, and
           | have put in a lot of effort to make sure that the Spaced
           | Repeition is motivation-optimized.
           | 
           | It's centered around your performance and review times, to
           | make sure you aren't struggling to much; no due dates to
           | avoid Anki slogs; gamified with some internal mechanics;
           | dopaminergically influenced with aspects of randomness.
           | 
           | Spaced Repetition is just an equation (SM2 is laughable
           | simple), but a lot of applications just slap a UI on it and
           | call it a day, but that's not the only way to use it!
        
           | marcosdumay wrote:
           | IMO, the most limiting feature is that spaced repetition is a
           | method for _memorization_ , but memorization is only one part
           | of learning and it's very often not the most prevalent part.
           | 
           | But when memorization applies, gamification is a really good
           | way to avoiding burnout (as long as you don't overexpose
           | yourself to it). There are many spaced repetition games for
           | children, I don't know why people make so few of them for
           | adults. (But then, fearing the duolingo owl is a popular meme
           | nowadays.)
        
           | 0xDEAFBEAD wrote:
           | >I also credit it to me burning out so hard I took a gap
           | year!
           | 
           | Do you think targeting a sub-90% difficulty could help reduce
           | burnout? My experience is that working to recall something
           | I'm on the verge of forgetting can be very effortful.
        
             | Alex-Programs wrote:
             | I experimented with this, actually. The default was 0.85
             | iirc, and I tried pushing it up over time to 0.91, but I
             | ended up reducing it to 0.83. It isn't that many more
             | cards, and it makes it far less laborious.
        
               | hiAndrewQuinn wrote:
               | Fellow longtime Anki user, I can say letting myself drop
               | from 0.9 to 0.85 was like letting myself experience the
               | taste of clover honey for the first time. Accepting a
               | slightly worse hit rato in exchange for 2/3rds the
               | workload made life considerably more pleasant.
        
         | InkCanon wrote:
         | There's some UX problems of SRS (that I'm working on) that
         | makes it high friction 1) Time taken to create cards 2) Need
         | for self marking 3) Creates a one to one mapping of prompt-
         | answer 4) If you're an autodidact, you have to teach yourself
         | first (alternatively called understanding, scaffolding, etc)
         | 
         | More fundamentally, SRS isn't a superpower because it's just
         | very specific to creating a direct prompt retrieval.
         | Generalization is poor. Even creating a graph of knowledge, is
         | a chain of edges between bits of knowledge, isn't done very
         | well here.
         | 
         | And I suspect there's a very deep, fundamental difference
         | between recollection knowledge and logical-modeling knowledge.
         | Recollection seems very similar to a dictionary access, and if
         | you recorded the time to recall in humans I suspect they'd all
         | be constant. But learning the knowledge of a logical model,
         | like of a mathematical concept, appears to be vastly different
         | and have very different time to compute.
         | 
         | Proponents of SRS will point out logical models need facts as
         | well, like formulas, lemmas, etc. Which is true. But if you
         | already grasped it before you'd grasp it faster the second
         | time. So the practical use of SRS is a significant step above
         | having a very well sorted and labeled notebook, but still way
         | below becoming a genius.
        
           | barrell wrote:
           | Where do we find more about what you're working on? :)
        
           | nomadpenguin wrote:
           | Poor generalization (overtraining on prompts) and loss of
           | context over time are the biggest issues I've found with
           | them. Slow card creation workflows and needing to rate your
           | own reviews are merely UX issues -- losing context and losing
           | generalization make SRS actively harmful when used for some
           | topics.
           | 
           | There's 2 solutions I've thought of but haven't tried
           | implementing:
           | 
           | 1. A free-recall based approach. Free recall allows you to
           | operate at a higher level of organization and connect
           | concepts at lower levels. However, how you would schedule SRS
           | with free recall is not clear.
           | 
           | 2. Have an LLM generate questions on-the-fly so that you
           | don't overtrain on prompts. You might also instruct the LLM
           | to create questions that connect multiple concepts together.
           | The problem with this approach is that LLMs are still not so
           | good at creating good test questions.
        
             | barrell wrote:
             | I implemented free recall into FSRS pretty easily. Granted,
             | it's only for language learning, and I have it set up to
             | work in a free recall friendly way (you don't learn cards,
             | you learn actual words and morphemes) but it's been working
             | for a few weeks now. I'm working on a product video atm,
             | but once that's done my next task (sometime this week) is
             | to clean up the UI and merge it to master.
             | 
             | I almost never see someone talk about free recall so I was
             | too excited to see it mentioned not to comment
        
               | nomadpenguin wrote:
               | How are you handling scheduling with FSRS? The challenge
               | that I quickly saw was that it was difficult to figure
               | out when you should advance a segment of information. If
               | you get 80% of the info right, should it be advanced?
               | What happens to the 20% you missed? How do you prevent
               | yourself from missing the same 20% every time it comes
               | around?
        
         | fao_ wrote:
         | > Dozens of apps, thousands of lectures, and it turns out its
         | not really a silver bullet.
         | 
         | I mean, you say that, but I did mandarin for maybe 6 months, I
         | did reviews for maybe a year or two on and off, I haven't done
         | a review of mandarin for 8, 9 years now and I can still recall
         | quite a bit of it. So for me it's worked quite well.
        
         | BeetleB wrote:
         | > Dozens of apps, thousands of lectures, and it turns out its
         | not really a silver bullet.
         | 
         | Easy statement to make when you're not defining the silver
         | bullet. Kind of like saying dieting turns out not to be a
         | silver bullet.
         | 
         | I've used spaced repairing for over 6 years. It's been
         | transformative for me.
        
           | 0xDEAFBEAD wrote:
           | What info did you memorize?
        
           | aswegs8 wrote:
           | Would love to hear about how it was transformative for you
        
         | sn9 wrote:
         | You say that but it's completely revolutionized the way medical
         | students study.
         | 
         | IIRC the effect was so profound they had to modify the
         | structure of some tests or something to that effect.
         | 
         | And polyglots have been using SRS for years.
         | 
         | As always, the real problem when people fail to do something
         | that works is psychological, not technical. I'd say anyone who
         | made an Ozempic for motivation would make a killing, but I
         | believe it's already a scheduled substance. Maybe one without
         | potential for addiction or abuse. Or maybe an Ozempic for
         | conscientiousness.
        
           | cpburns2009 wrote:
           | I'm not so sure. My brother's medical school had to tell
           | students they had to study the actual material rather than
           | Anki decks because so many students were failing tests.
        
             | sn9 wrote:
             | That seems highly atypical.
             | 
             | Perhaps they were relying on LLMs to generate decks?
        
             | pastage wrote:
             | Doing anki cards with words two hours every day, and not
             | doing any reading of material is very detrimental for me.
             | 
             | I do not study medicin, but for language I have to actually
             | be able to use what I memorize. Knowing how to use words is
             | harder than it sounds, you need context. A common mistake
             | when constructing sentences is getting the tone wrong and
             | choosing the wrong synonyms.
        
               | ragazzina wrote:
               | ..this is why you usually have whole sentences on Anki
               | cards, not single words.
        
               | pastage wrote:
               | Does not always help, but I am not picking. You are right
               | it only fails in 1/100 cards.
        
           | SchemaLoad wrote:
           | >I'd say anyone who made an Ozempic for motivation would make
           | a killing
           | 
           | This is just ADHD meds right? That's why the uni students
           | spend so much buying them.
        
         | dkarl wrote:
         | > it turns out its not really a silver bullet
         | 
         | One thing that bothers me about SRS is that it doesn't get
         | enough attention from people who understand the difference
         | between memorization and language acquisition. It gets a ton of
         | attention from people who are doing test prep or who get
         | intrinsic reward from their memorization accomplishments.
         | 
         | Memorization is not my goal -- I want to get better at reading
         | Spanish and French -- but I find that drilling on vocabulary
         | and example sentences helps a lot. I compare it to using
         | scaffolding in construction. Scaffolding is not a building.
         | Scaffolding doesn't serve any of the purposes a building does.
         | But if you need to build, expand, or refurbish a building,
         | sometimes building scaffolding in and around it can speed
         | things up a hell of a lot.
         | 
         | I wish there were better guidance for using memorization to
         | assist in language learning, but the world seems to be split
         | between people who are satisfied with memorization as their
         | goal (for test prep or intrinsic satisfaction) and people who
         | dismiss memorization entirely because it isn't their goal.
        
         | IshKebab wrote:
         | It's a silver bullet for learning facts. You still have to
         | actually do the learning. Nobody was claiming it would download
         | knowledge into your brain Matrix-style.
         | 
         | You'd probably say silver bullets aren't a silver bullet
         | because you still have to load the gun and shoot it.
        
       | keiferski wrote:
       | I've been using Anki for about a decade now, and as far as I'm
       | concerned, the only real improvements needed are design/UI based.
       | It is functionally irrelevant if the algorithm is optimized or
       | not when the actual user interface seems boring to potential
       | users. While I do like that Anki has power user options, it's
       | also very unintuitive to the average person just looking into it.
       | 
       | Which is really a shame, as the spacing effect itself is such an
       | underrated aspect of human learning that it almost feels like
       | cheating.
        
         | arrowsmith wrote:
         | I love Anki but it's an archetypal example of "designed by an
         | engineer".
         | 
         | It's powerful, with a lot of depth to its features - but it's
         | also hideous, clunky and unintuitive, and it takes a long time
         | to figure out how to use it effectively.
         | 
         | An HN-reading tech nerd can probably figure it out, but your
         | average Duolingomaxxing normie? No chance.
        
           | cenamus wrote:
           | Sorry, but what's clunky about it? All buttons in reach of
           | your thumb on the mobile app and usable keybindings on
           | desktop?
           | 
           | Is there not enough useless whitespace around every button?
        
             | dustincoates wrote:
             | I'll give you one example. Occasionally, I come across
             | something that needs to be not be shown anymore. I realize
             | that the question wasn't a good one, or my template spit
             | out something empty. Now, do I suspend card or suspend
             | note? Every single time, I have to go search for which is
             | the right one. (Okay, okay, maybe user error, but still.)
             | 
             | Another example until recently was the extremely useful
             | image occlusion enhanced add-on. Can you easily tell the
             | difference between overlapping and nonoverlapping? At least
             | they renamed those settings to the much more intuitive
             | "Hide One , Reveal All" and "Hide All, Reveal One."
        
             | felipeerias wrote:
             | I have been trying to use Anki for years. Every time it is
             | the same story: I keep it up for a few months until I miss
             | a couple days, then due cards accumulate far beyond what
             | can be reasonably managed, and I end up spending more time
             | trying to fix the app than actually learning anything.
        
               | pm215 wrote:
               | This is an area where I feel like there's scope for
               | improvement in the SRS space. All the SRS systems I've
               | seen essentially assume the user is a perfect robot who
               | will do their reviews every day without fail. But most
               | people will have off days or go on holiday for a week and
               | not look at the app, or whatever -- and as you note, the
               | user experience in that case is awful: you come back to a
               | huge number of reviews which is pretty discouraging to
               | even start, you probably get more of them wrong than
               | usual, so you likely do fewer reviews than you normally
               | would, and the situation tends to get worse instead of
               | better.
               | 
               | An SRS system which took more account of the human
               | failings of the user might:
               | 
               | - let you pick a "max daily reviews" and then keep you
               | from putting in too many new items up front, rather than
               | letting you accidentally give yourself a huge daily
               | workload after a few months
               | 
               | - let you tell it "I'm going to be on holiday in a
               | month's time" and have it figure out what to do with
               | reviews and new items to minimise disruption
               | 
               | - when you do come back after a break, pick the most
               | useful reviews to offer the user up to the daily limit
               | (e.g. something whose review interval is six months can
               | wait a few more days, something the user added very
               | recently and has seen only once could be put back into
               | the "new items" bucket to relearn later, so if the user
               | is only going to do 100 of their 300 due cards, other
               | cards are more important to review today)
        
               | _Algernon_ wrote:
               | >- let you pick a "max daily reviews" and then keep you
               | from putting in too many new items up front, rather than
               | letting you accidentally give yourself a huge daily
               | workload after a few months
               | 
               | Anki allows you to do that. It's in the deck preset
               | options under deck limits. Nowadays you can also set
               | weekday workloads, to reduce workload eg. during the
               | weekend.
        
               | pm215 wrote:
               | Looking at the manual, Anki seems to let you manually set
               | a new card limit, and also to set a review limit (after
               | which it won't show more reviews even if they exist), but
               | I didn't see anything for "given that I want a daily
               | workload of this many reviews, limit my new cards
               | automatically to try to not exceed that in future".
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | It is not a human failing. A human who has huge amount of
               | free time on Sunday, but comes home from work super tired
               | on Monday did not failed anything. And from the other
               | side, there wont be any difference between you revising a
               | card after 89, 90 or even 95 days.
               | 
               | A human who had a lot of time to learn during January,
               | because his job workload was easy is not failing anything
               | if his job related workload becomes high in March and
               | April. But, all that January effort will be punished by
               | super high workloads in March and April in Anki.
        
               | jarrett-ye wrote:
               | Anki has a feature named Easy Days which allows you to
               | spend less time on Anki on some days of the week.
               | 
               | Source: https://docs.ankiweb.net/deck-
               | options.html?highlight=easy%20...
        
               | pm215 wrote:
               | You seem to be reading more into the phrase "human
               | failing" than I intended by it. All I meant was the
               | ordinary variations in human behaviour where we sometimes
               | fall a little short of what we hoped we would or could
               | do.
               | 
               | We seem to agree on the substance: that the SRS system
               | should be able to work more humanely with and for the
               | kind of entirely normal situations you describe, by for
               | instance being able to adjust to variations in available
               | time and picking the "best" cards to review rather than
               | assuming the user will get through the whole lot, and in
               | suggesting to them when they should do fewer new items to
               | avoid difficulties in a month or two.
        
               | yorwba wrote:
               | I feel like from a habit-forming perspective Anki would
               | benefit from a fixed-time mode instead of varying the
               | number of reviews. The default daily maximum is 200
               | reviews per deck, I think, but it's hard to tell whether
               | that's too little or way too much until you've hit that
               | level.
               | 
               | If you could set a study time of say 30 minutes, then
               | when you skip a day, you could just do your usual 30
               | minutes and maybe only get through 50% of the scheduled
               | cards, but you could slowly catch up over the next few
               | days. And if on the contrary you run out of reviews for
               | today, you could carry on with some scheduled for
               | tomorrow until you've hit your target time.
               | 
               | FSRS can handle off-schedule reviews just fine, I think,
               | so it should be able to accommodate such a rhythm where
               | you don't always review cards on exactly the optimal day.
        
               | travisjungroth wrote:
               | > All the SRS systems I've seen essentially assume the
               | user is a perfect robot who will do their reviews every
               | day without fail.
               | 
               | This reminds me of GTO (game theory optimal) play in
               | poker.
               | 
               | There's a perfect way to do things, so we should just try
               | to do something as close to that as possible, right? The
               | reality is that you can't actually do things in this
               | perfect way. In GTO's case it's that it's too complex for
               | a human to have memorized and in SRS many (not all)
               | people will fail to follow the algorithm for one reason
               | or another.
               | 
               | The problem is these strategies aren't very resilient. If
               | you miss the implementation by a bit, it can cause big
               | losses. An algorithm that's less theoretically optimal
               | but more attainable by actual humans can end up much
               | stronger in the real world.
        
               | rsanek wrote:
               | biggest insight for me as a decade+ user: ignore the due
               | count. just plug away at reviews when you have time. I've
               | come back multiple times from backlogs of thousands of
               | cards.
               | 
               | i really wish the UI would just hide number of cards due
               | by default
        
               | gwd wrote:
               | This is one of the reasons I ended up writing my own
               | language study system. I haven't used the FSRS thing
               | mentioned above, but I've heard it's much better, and
               | having looked at the algorithm, it seems like it should
               | be better.
               | 
               | The other reason I wrote my own system was to integrate
               | SRS with extensive reading. Basically, my algorithm
               | tracks the difficulty of all the words and grammar
               | concepts, like FSRS; but then it gives you content at the
               | right level for learning (either fewer than 5 new
               | concepts, or an average of 95% known material).
               | 
               | And among the things that fits, it balances reviewing
               | older material and learning newer material, based on what
               | would have the largest impact. (Reviewing something
               | you're about to forget has a bigger impact than learning
               | something new, because the new thing you're going to
               | forget much more quickly. So the balance of new / review
               | and spaced repetition falls out naturally.)
        
             | watwut wrote:
             | First thing that comes to my mind is that it is basically
             | impossible to make it show you both sides of all the cards
             | you are about to see for the first time today at the same
             | time. So that you can actually try to learn it in more
             | effective and less frustrating way then flashing cards on
             | you in random order.
             | 
             | Second thing, control over workload should not be that
             | hard. Anki requires too much tweaking to work reasonably.
             | 
             | Third thing, both old and new algorithm have a notion of
             | "you are pressing the buttons wrong". If you are pressing
             | the buttons wrong, you will end up with absurd intervals -
             | like 4 months interval on something you just learned.
        
           | Pooge wrote:
           | I think the default settings are fine for 99% of the users.
           | I've used them to "master" a language and I've been more than
           | fine. Actually, I'd argue I was more effective than people
           | who _didn 't_ use SRS.
        
           | federicotdn wrote:
           | Reminds me of how I'm using Anki on iOS to learn German, and
           | my phone's configured language is German, except for the Anki
           | app, which is ironically the only app I've configured to be
           | in English because I couldn't understand what 80% of the
           | buttons meant.
        
           | Muromec wrote:
           | >An HN-reading tech nerd can probably figure it out, but your
           | average Duolingomaxxing normie? No chance.
           | 
           | Me, the person who reversengineered obfuscated code doing
           | weird crypto primitives and submitted patches to linux kernel
           | can't figure it out either. Maybe I'm not HN nerd enough, so
           | I had to do the duolingo to pass my citizenship exams.
           | 
           | Anki seems like it works for a lot of people with a very
           | specific flow, but I don't know what the flow is and why it
           | doesn't work for me. It's weird.
        
           | _Algernon_ wrote:
           | Those reasons are why I love Anki. I'd rather have a program
           | that exposes every mechanism of how it works and allows me to
           | access it than a program that doesn't and the program appears
           | to appear to work by magic. Give me visible cogs that I can
           | tune and a good manual any day of the week.
           | 
           | Anki is refreshing function over form design. It's beautiful.
        
         | yellow_lead wrote:
         | Compared to i.e Duolingo, the app is quite boring. I still have
         | been using it for years. But I sometimes wonder if adding a bit
         | of gamification may help. For instance, streaks, sound effects,
         | etc. Obviously, those should be optional
        
           | keiferski wrote:
           | I used to be something of an Anki evangelist and recommended
           | it to anyone that would listen. But the minute I showed it to
           | someone that isn't already technically-minded, their eyes
           | glazed over and they lost interest immediately.
           | 
           | I think it just needs a fresh minimal design, a tutorial, and
           | some premade decks that aren't just the half-baked free ones.
        
           | dustincoates wrote:
           | There are streaks, but they're hard to find. There is a heat
           | map add-on that makes them a lot more obvious.
        
           | wccrawford wrote:
           | I've quit Duolingo _because_ of the gamification. It 's far,
           | far too much, and it puts me in the wrong mindset for
           | learning. Instead of concentrating on the knowledge, I'm
           | gaming the system to improve my score the most. There were
           | times I would stop learning because I knew if I saved it for
           | later, I could use a multiplier for a higher score.
           | 
           | And the daily emotion-tugging streak reminders started to
           | actually piss me off.
           | 
           | On top of that, at one point they were changing the icon
           | regularly and made it really ugly. Despite a ton of
           | complaints, they left it that way for a long time.
           | 
           | So I canceled my subscription and I'm done with them. I'll
           | find another way to study that I like (I've already tried
           | Anki and it works, but I don't like it) and isn't mentally
           | abusive.
        
             | watwut wrote:
             | > On top of that, at one point they were changing the icon
             | regularly and made it really ugly. Despite a ton of
             | complaints, they left it that way for a long time.
             | 
             | My kids loved it. I did not cared. So, the likely
             | explanation is that many people like that icon changes or
             | dont mind it.
        
             | TeMPOraL wrote:
             | I'm of two minds about it. Duolingo is off-putting for me,
             | not because of gamification as a concept, but rather
             | because of their particular implementation - with tons of
             | clearly user-abusive bullshit with gems and chests and
             | watching ads and shit.
             | 
             | I used to not care for gamification because I knew that my
             | brain is resistant to it in activities that aren't
             | otherwise rewarding on their own. Like, I quickly realize
             | I'm just tricking myself, and then it stops working. But
             | somewhere over the years, I must have burned out of my
             | dopamine reserves or something, because apps like Anki feel
             | now _actively off-putting_ , in the sense that I lose all
             | energy just looking at them. Memorizing cards gets tricky
             | when your eyes just glaze over them and nothing is loaded
             | even to short-term memory, much less long-term. So at this
             | point I'd appreciate even a little bit of immediate
             | feedback and some progress tracker that evokes ever so
             | slightly positive feelings.
        
               | djeastm wrote:
               | >But somewhere over the years, I must have burned out of
               | my dopamine reserves or something, because apps like Anki
               | feel now actively off-putting, in the sense that I lose
               | all energy just looking at them
               | 
               | This resonated with me. I think the decline in excitement
               | towards learning, that we used to do without thinking
               | about it, happens naturally with aging.
               | 
               | Evolution doesn't reward older humans that much for
               | learning so most of us don't feel that same excitement.
               | Compare this to when we're young and need to learn fast,
               | so the dopamine rewards are off the charts.
               | 
               | Consider all of the retirees who spend hours at slot
               | machines (or virtual ones like Candy Crush) to get that
               | dopamine fix as easily as possible.
               | 
               | Maybe a more tasteful gamification balance can be found.
        
               | 0xDEAFBEAD wrote:
               | >watching ads
               | 
               | Does it show you ads in the language you're learning?
               | Because if so, that could be an asset...
        
           | Alex-Programs wrote:
           | There's an excellent heat map addon that helps with that.
           | Some people have tried the "dopamine effect" style things
           | (confetti when you answer a question etc), and it didn't work
           | for me, but there are addons for it if you'd like to try it.
        
           | watwut wrote:
           | Yeah, you do Duolingo because you want to. And you control
           | perfectly how much duolingo you do any give day.
           | 
           | You do anki because you feel like you must and you have very
           | little control over it.
        
         | brightball wrote:
         | I've been reading about spaced repetition and Anki for years.
         | Never got around to actually trying it on anything.
         | 
         | I wonder if there are any good recommendations for something to
         | try it on?
        
           | keiferski wrote:
           | Language learning is the classic use case, but I also use it
           | from everything from historical facts to encyclopedia entries
           | on a subject I'm trying to master.
           | 
           | Probably the simplest use case to get started is improving
           | your English vocabulary. (Assuming English is your first
           | language.) I try to add a card for any word I come across
           | that I don't know the meaning of, and it works very well.
        
           | Muromec wrote:
           | Try to learn a different writing system, alphabet or not.
           | Arabic, Cyrillic, Hangul, whatever. It has finite number of
           | cards and you don't need large context to understand them.
        
           | sn9 wrote:
           | A quick and easy one is learning the NATO phonetic alphabet.
           | You can find premade decks for it.
        
           | yCombLinks wrote:
           | Leetcode patterns, and common problem types to apply those
           | patterns to.
        
         | david_allison wrote:
         | AnkiDroid maintainer here: we're actively working on a new
         | design for the reviewer (currently available in the Developer
         | Options in the production app).
         | 
         | I don't think any of us are satisfied with how most things
         | look, but we're severely under-resourced.
         | 
         | Feel free to email me if you'd be interested in getting
         | involved with the Android side of things.
        
         | rsanek wrote:
         | it'd be nice to have a better UI. but the reason people don't
         | use Anki isn't because it's hard to use. it's because the time
         | to value is high, and the value really only comes from long
         | term discipline and motivation.
         | 
         | people that are motivated and will succeed with Anki regardless
         | of design will power through an annoying UI. so with better
         | design, you'll increase top of funnel but radically decrease
         | conversion.
        
         | cosmic_cheese wrote:
         | My biggest gripe with it is how clunky the editor window is.
         | That's the main part that's due for a redesign in my opinion.
         | 
         | It has other oddities too though, like the tab bar in the main
         | window that doesn't act like a tab bar. It should also really
         | have two button mode (Again and Good only) for the review
         | screen as a built in option, too -- the addon that adds this is
         | very popular and it'd be dead simple to implement.
        
       | montebicyclelo wrote:
       | Language vocab seems a good use case. What other things are
       | people here using spaced repition for?
        
         | aeonik wrote:
         | Everything, I use it to memorize anything that doesn't stick
         | the first time.
         | 
         | I just don't use an app. I will challenge myself to remember
         | things or practice things manually.
         | 
         | It's probably sub optimal compared to structured spaced
         | repetition, but it works well enough for me.
        
         | Xelbair wrote:
         | I used it whenever i studied anything, but with a 'recursive'
         | twist.
         | 
         | Every time i did repetition, i've made a shorter note about the
         | subject.
         | 
         | Then next repetition cycle, i'm reading the note, and making
         | shorter note based on it. and so on.
         | 
         | once few cycles i'm re-reading the main starting note i made.
        
         | petesergeant wrote:
         | Mine has all sorts of shit in it. Mac keyboard shortcuts.
         | Nautical terms. Cyrillic characters. Credit card verification
         | codes. Phone numbers. Airport codes. Ionic component names.
         | Names of my friends' kids. A surprising amount of Z
         | Specification. Anything I think it would be useful to remember.
        
           | pcl wrote:
           | How do you manage the data? Multiple decks or just one with
           | everything? Do you directly use the app to add new phrases,
           | or do you have some sort of automation / tooling on your
           | phone or laptop?
        
         | jicksaw wrote:
         | Used it to memorize the 16 times table in decimal and
         | hexadecimal.
        
         | kevinmchugh wrote:
         | There's an anki deck built from the jeopardy archive with
         | 400,000 questions, so I'm studying trivia that way. I enjoy
         | trivia.
        
           | Pooge wrote:
           | I think I've used that deck for a few weeks. Mind sharing the
           | link so I may take a look at it? :)
        
           | kwakubiney wrote:
           | I would love to get my hands on this, please share if you can
           | :)
        
             | kevinmchugh wrote:
             | https://ankiweb.net/shared/info/1348564164
        
         | johanyc wrote:
         | Anything you wanna the retain the knowledge of. Basic usage is
         | remebering shortcuts, names of people, apis, you name it. More
         | advanced usage is you can break down complex concepts into
         | atomic cards, which helps you remember how things work.
        
         | dustincoates wrote:
         | I'm using it to memorize all of the Paris metro stops and study
         | for the French drivers license test. It was also a huge boon
         | when I prepared for my citizenship interview.
         | 
         | I tried it for a while with my eldest child (then aged 3) to
         | help her remember numbers, letters, etc. She didn't find it
         | very fun past the first couple of times, so I figured I wasn't
         | going to hoist it on her.
        
         | SamPatt wrote:
         | A few uses for me:
         | 
         | * Memorizing Geoguessr metas. Made it to Master I rank this
         | way.
         | 
         | * Memorizing new words. When I come across a word I don't know,
         | I make a new flashcard for it.
         | 
         | * Memorizing things about people. My wife's favorite ice cream
         | flavors, which spices each of my children dislikes, etc.
         | 
         | Anything I want to memorize but wouldn't be exposed to
         | frequently enough in my day to day life. Flashcard review takes
         | only a few minutes each day.
        
         | patapong wrote:
         | I used it all throughout my legal studies, for remembering
         | legal terms, concepts, tests and any other thing I had to
         | learn. It served me very nicely.
        
         | cjauvin wrote:
         | For language learning I find that using longer phrase fragments
         | is better than single words.
        
           | Alex-Programs wrote:
           | The advice with gendered languages is to always learn the
           | word alongside some context that includes its gender, e.g.
           | "Der Tisch" (The masculine table) rather than merely
           | "Tisch->Table".
        
           | jwrallie wrote:
           | If the phrases are found by yourself in context from your own
           | exposure to the language, it is even better.
           | 
           | I got introduced to this idea a few years ago from AJATT [1]
           | and my personal experience is that it works very well.
           | 
           | [1] https://web.archive.org/web/20100406173634/http://www.all
           | jap...
        
           | ix101 wrote:
           | It's surprising how much easier to translate a foreign when
           | it's given in a sentence. Also helps when there are multiple
           | translations for a word depending on context.
        
         | bryancoxwell wrote:
         | I've been meaning to build a unix shell deck for a while. There
         | are so many tools that are so powerful but I just don't use
         | them regularly enough to remember how they work when I need
         | them.
        
         | jwrallie wrote:
         | I used it to get my Amateur Radio license, since a superset of
         | the questions that can be in the test are public.
         | 
         | I downloaded an existing deck and modified it so that only the
         | correct answer is shown instead of multiple choices.
         | 
         | I still can remember some of the content even though I deleted
         | the deck short after receiving my license.
        
           | drivers99 wrote:
           | HamStudy.org is exactly this, an SRS site/app that already
           | has the questions and some explanations to go with it (the
           | site is free, but they also have an app which is a couple
           | bucks and almost the same but in my opinion slightly better).
           | I used that a couple months ago I studied for the technician
           | class license and got a perfect score when I took the test.
           | Then I studied the general class license and got one wrong
           | (34 out of 35 = 97%. You only need 26/35 = 74% to pass.) I
           | could probably go for the third one next but maybe it would
           | be more useful if I actually go get a radio and start using
           | it first.
        
         | nanoxide wrote:
         | Used to use it in university (CS) for cramming before tests,
         | mostly when there were lots of definitions to memorize. Also
         | summarizing stuff and writing your own cards for it helps
         | already with learning itself.
        
         | kwakubiney wrote:
         | I use it to practice Leetcode problems
        
       | Pooge wrote:
       | I'm sorry, I didn't read the article but I thought my experience
       | would be a good anecdote.
       | 
       | I've used Anki for multiple years and learned around 18'000
       | Japanese words. It's difficult to say but I'd say I've learned
       | how to read around 5'000 kanji. When I studied in Japan, my kanji
       | reading--don't mix that up with _comprehension_!--was _way_ above
       | everyone else 's. And most of my classmates were either Korean or
       | Chinese.
       | 
       | That's what 10 minutes of free time--I did that during my daily
       | train rides--can get you! Keep practicing. Being ignorant is the
       | first step towards becoming more knowledgeable.
        
         | cjauvin wrote:
         | There's a surprising gulf between word recognition and overall
         | sentence comprehension. I'm learning Farsi with a combination
         | of Anki and Youtube videos and sometimes I find myself in the
         | weird state where I recognize every word in a sentence, but yet
         | cannot assemble its overall meaning.
        
           | Pooge wrote:
           | I completely get what you mean and I had the same trouble.
           | But keep at it, it will click.
        
           | 55555 wrote:
           | Yeah there's a few different levels. 1) not knowing the words
           | 2) knowing all the words but not what they mean together 3)
           | not being able to keep up with the speed at which the
           | sentence is spoken...
        
         | FranzFerdiNaN wrote:
         | Not buying at all that you learned 18000 words and 5000 kanji
         | in ten minutes per day. Thats 60 hours a year for say five
         | year, or 300 hours. Thats leaves you with about 70 words and/or
         | kanji per hour or less than a minute per word/kanji. A rate
         | which far surpasses native speakers.
         | 
         | Anki works, it doesnt need these unrealistic takes.
        
           | iamben wrote:
           | Sure, but I didn't read it as 10 minutes a day. The comment
           | says ten minutes of free time. So could be 4 train rides, 10
           | mins after you finish your sandwich at lunch, 10 mins with
           | your coffee in the morning, etc etc.
        
           | mdp2021 wrote:
           | > _ten minutes per day_
           | 
           | ...Maybe the poster meant  "<<10 minutes>> _per ride_ "?
           | (<<That's what 10 minutes of free time - I did that during my
           | daily train rides>>)
        
           | Alex-Programs wrote:
           | That isn't terribly far off. I used Anki throughout my A
           | levels, spending about 250 hours on it in total according to
           | its statistics, and had something like 10k cards that I
           | reviewed 50k times.
           | 
           | Now, those cards weren't alone - they were reinforcing
           | content that I'd learnt in lessons. But if they were doing it
           | for 10 minutes a day a few times a day, it seems quite
           | plausible to me.
        
           | Pooge wrote:
           | Whoops, sorry if that was confusing.
           | 
           | Actually, it took me 20 minutes of time per day to do my
           | reviews + new words. I had, on average, 200 cards to go
           | through daily (180 review + 20 new cards).[1] Going through
           | 18'000 words took me around 5 years. 5x365x20=36'500
           | 
           | > A rate which far surpasses native speakers.
           | 
           | Are you comparing me to babies? It took me 2 weekends to
           | learn all kana, but it takes _years_ for a toddler to learn
           | just hiragana. It 's not a fair comparison.
           | 
           | > Anki works, it doesnt need these unrealistic takes.
           | 
           | I wonder why you think it's unrealistic. It's not like I'm a
           | genius or anything.[2]
           | 
           | [1] Two cards is one word; one for English -> Japanese, one
           | for Japanese -> English.
           | 
           | [2] Some teachers definitely thought I was a genius because
           | of my memory, but it was all thanks to Anki. And proof is
           | that I was absolutely _bad_ at text comprehension. Anki doesn
           | 't make you practice that.
        
           | latentsea wrote:
           | I learned 17.5k words comprised of ~3k kanji in around 2
           | years at about an hour a day of review time. That's reviews +
           | new cards, not including time immersing in order to find the
           | daily quota of new vocab which itself was 2 to 3 hours of
           | study.
           | 
           | So, by my calculations for just the Anki time alone it's
           | about 17.5k words split across 730 hours, which comes out to
           | about 23 words and hour or one word every 2.5 minutes.
           | 
           | I've seen a pretty wide variety of people do Anki, and I can
           | say there's a distribution in length of time per card for
           | basically the exact same types of cards among people. The
           | slowest people average around 3x slower than the fastest.
        
         | Alex-Programs wrote:
         | I made a tool based on this principle!
         | 
         | We spend hours a day browsing the web, so I made a browser
         | extension[0] that translates sentences at your knowledge level
         | into the language you're learning, so that you're always
         | learning a little through immersion.
         | 
         | I also used the same "10 minutes a day on Anki" strategy with
         | my A levels, and it made the revision process so so much nicer
         | because stuff I'd learnt two years ago was as fresh as if I'd
         | learnt it a couple of months ago, rather than years.
         | 
         | [0] https://nuenki.app
        
           | chappi42 wrote:
           | Looks not bad but a) billing/prices should imho be prominent
           | and not hidden behind trial or get started. And b) not sure
           | if 5/12/20 per month is not too much? The About section is
           | nice. (I use two other paid language services, thus no
           | need/interest in another)
        
           | jjmarr wrote:
           | Fascinating, great app. I wish it automatically adjusted the
           | difficulty based on whether I understood the sentence.
        
         | grep_name wrote:
         | I've tried to get into anki a bunch of times but never stick
         | with it. It's an on-and-off thing for me that I end up looking
         | into again every few years, which I've gone through about 5
         | times now. Here's how it usually goes:
         | 
         | * Get interested in memorizing something / multiple things
         | 
         | * Find that the decks available to me are actually not so great
         | 
         | * Get reading online, people say that the _real_ way to benefit
         | from it is to make your own deck (which ups the time commitment
         | significantly)
         | 
         | * Read online about how to get the most out of anki, find out
         | that everyone universally agrees that the default settings are
         | _terrible_ but nobody quite agrees on how to set it for best
         | results
         | 
         | * Try to hit a happy medium, but find that the overhead of
         | 'rating' the difficulty of recall for cards (and how it
         | interacts with the complex settings that I still don't have
         | complete confidence in) adds an incredibly (to me) distracting
         | amount of overhead and never get used to it
         | 
         | * Miss a few days, get overwhelmed with the amount of cards
         | stacked up, don't feel good about my settings (which have
         | implications for what cards show up like, a year + down the
         | line)
         | 
         | * Ultimately fizzle out
         | 
         | I'm probably going to start the cycle over again soon. I really
         | do want it to work out for me. Any tips to avoid this issue?
         | I'm planning to actually pay for some decks this time to see if
         | that gets me to the quality I want, and going to skip the whole
         | 'trying to make my own deck' thing for now
        
           | david_allison wrote:
           | Given what you've said:
           | 
           | * Make your own cards (unless there's an automated workflow
           | [Japanese, sentence mining], really good shared decks, or
           | you're studying for a standardized exam [USMLE])
           | 
           | * Deck Settings (scheduling): Enable FSRS. Press 'Optimize',
           | then press optimize once per month.
           | 
           | * Deck Settings (workload): Wait 2 weeks before gradually
           | increasing new cards per day (if you want to study for
           | longer). Decrease it immediately if you feel you're getting
           | overwhelmed.
           | 
           | * Deck Settings (backlog): Set max reviews/day to 9999
           | 
           | * App Settings: Disable 'Show next review time above answer
           | buttons'
           | 
           | * Addons: https://ankiweb.net/shared/info/876946123 (you seem
           | to have a problem with answer button selection)
           | 
           | * Recommended: Press 'sync', and create an AnkiWeb account.
           | In app settings, set Anki to auto-sync on open/close. This is
           | a free backup.
           | 
           | * Optional: Use a mobile client (AnkiDroid is free on
           | Android, AnkiWeb is free on iOS)
           | 
           | You'll feel like you completed the first day far too quickly,
           | and will want to do more. Avoid overstudying until you build
           | intuition for how it impacts your daily workload.
           | 
           | Use Anki every day
        
             | grep_name wrote:
             | Thank you, the pass / fail addon will help a lot I think,
             | in addition to the FSRS features included in the article.
             | I'll come back to this comment for setting up my settings
             | before starting up again with Anki.
             | 
             | If I'm planning to learn several topics at once (I'm never
             | preparing for anything I will be tested on or hit a
             | deadline for, this is not for a school, work, or travel
             | program), is it better to treat the decks as one big
             | combined review do you think?
        
               | david_allison wrote:
               | Your call.
               | 
               | Ideally one deck, but add a tag when creating the note,
               | so you can separate things out later if you want to pause
               | learning something/split them out.
        
             | Pooge wrote:
             | > Use Anki every day
             | 
             | I think this is great advice. I have some friends that used
             | Anki that told me "oh yeah I just study once per week" and
             | I just had PTSD of when I forgot to do one _day_. Sometimes
             | I would miss a day due to traveling and timezone difference
             | and I would instantly panic when I would see 400+ cards to
             | review.
             | 
             | If you don't do it daily, Anki doesn't make any sense to
             | me. My recommendation--to that friend and everyone else--is
             | to study a little bit _every_ day. It 's much better for
             | building a strong foundation, especially for languages.
        
           | hiAndrewQuinn wrote:
           | Yeah, ignore the "defaults are terrible" people. Turn on
           | FSRS, if it isn't on by default (I think it is), and forget
           | about it.
           | 
           | I have seen this opinion offered hundreds of times and each
           | and every time I reflect upon the irony that not one of these
           | commenters having trouble navigating the UI, etc to their
           | liking doesn't just ... Make Anki cards about Anki.
           | 
           | If that sounds silly, it shouldn't. I've made flashcards out
           | of all kinds of other programs, from vim to shell shortcuts
           | to Photoshop. Nobody ever expects an interface built for
           | professionals to be something they can just waltz in on and
           | understand perfectly on day 1.
        
       | charcircuit wrote:
       | The current version of the supermemo algorithm is SM-18. The
       | author thinks SRS has gotten way better since the author was
       | previously using an out of date version of the algorithm, SM-2.
        
         | npinsker wrote:
         | SM-17 is linked from the benchmark repo:
         | https://github.com/open-spaced-repetition/fsrs-vs-sm17, though
         | I get the impression those numbers come with a dash of
         | subjectivity. It seems fair to compare to older versions of the
         | algorithm though because SM-17 is only used in the SuperMemo
         | software (and Anki) and isn't widespread.
        
       | mark38848 wrote:
       | Why does everybody want to learn Japanese? What makes Japanese so
       | enticing? Why not Mandarin or at lead Spanish?
        
         | Pooge wrote:
         | I'd say it's confirmation bias. In my personal circle, not a
         | lot of people are interested in the Japanese _language_ , but I
         | know a few who took at least a few lessons on Mandarin or
         | Spanish.
         | 
         | I've learned Japanese and part of the reason is that I thought
         | kanji were attractive. I remember watching anime on TV when I
         | was a kid and seeing the opening credits with Japanese
         | characters looked soo cool.
        
         | wccrawford wrote:
         | For me, it's about the media. I'm interested in Japanese anime
         | and manga, and now light novels.
         | 
         | I'm not at all interested in anything I've seen in other non-
         | English languages, except _possibly_ Korean now, since they
         | seem to be producing a lot of stuff.
         | 
         | However, almost everything that I'd enjoy gets translated to
         | English for both Japanese and Korean now, so there's a lot less
         | incentive to learn them.
        
         | jwrallie wrote:
         | When I was a kid, most of the foreign culture I was exposed
         | from came from the US, and then Japan followed with a small
         | amount.
         | 
         | No wonder my second language was English and third language
         | Japanese.
         | 
         | Never heard a single word of Mandarin in any media I was
         | exposed to. I can understand Spanish very well but I do not
         | count it as a learned language as it is too close to Portuguese
         | (my first language).
        
         | FranzFerdiNaN wrote:
         | Online everyone learns Japanese, in real life i have never
         | encountered anyone learning it, while i know multiple people
         | learning French.
        
         | dagw wrote:
         | Japanese media is quite popular, and many fans want to
         | watch/read their favourite thing in its original language. This
         | is probably the reason most people learn a language, and a huge
         | reason why so many kids around the world speak English. Chinese
         | culture doesn't have the same impact, yet. As to Spanish, most
         | kids who want to learn Spanish can do so at school so there is
         | no need to go above and beyond to learn Spanish on your own.
        
           | Llamamoe wrote:
           | > Chinese culture doesn't have the same impact, yet.
           | 
           | At this rate if 2/3rds of their popular media(manhua, games,
           | animation) continues being cultivation fantasy featuring the
           | exact same power system, tropes, character archetypes, often
           | even setting(murim) and content, it never will.
           | 
           | Animanga were always poised to make it big, because for all
           | their shortcomings, they have interesting, exotic(to us)
           | themes/tropes/vibes, and go really hard on hyping scenes up.
        
         | hshshshshsh wrote:
         | Ego.
         | 
         | Chinese evil. Communist. Bad. Bad Chinese. Bad bad. Cheap
         | products.
         | 
         | Japanese. exotic. mystical. Samurai. Ninja. Anime. Good. Sony.
         | Good. Good cars. Zen. Good.
         | 
         | Me good. Me learn Japanese. Me exotic and mystical. Super
         | power. Me good. Me smart. Me learned Japanse. Me great.
         | 
         | Me me me. Me me me. Me me me.
        
         | bowsamic wrote:
         | 1. Generally people using such systems to learn language only
         | need to do so if they aren't immersed in the country where it
         | is being spoken. I stopped using Anki for German after a while
         | of living here, even though I'm still learning. Therefore, most
         | language learners are doing so not because they want to live in
         | the country but because they want to consume media written in
         | that language
         | 
         | 2. Japanese is becoming one of the most popular languages for
         | foreign media, probably even surpassing English at this point.
         | Anime is really huge now, particularly in the US. It has
         | shifted from being a nerd thing to being of interest for the
         | "cool kids" (if there is even such a thing now). Japan also had
         | a huge and very interesting media industry in the 80s and 90s
         | including some very novel video game concepts, most of which
         | has not been translated
        
         | wongarsu wrote:
         | You learn Japanese for the media and culture; Mandarin for the
         | financial opportunities; Russian for the reverse-engineering
         | community; Spanish, French or Arabic to be able to speak with
         | large diverse groups of people, typically for travel; Klingon,
         | Na'vi, Esperanto or Elvish to fit in certain communities
         | 
         | Accordingly, the stereotypical CS major is attracted to
         | Japanese and Klingon, the stereotypical Business major to
         | Chinese. Even though few follow through because of the amount
         | of work and perseverance required
        
       | OuterVale wrote:
       | For anyone looking to read more about spaced repetition, Gwern's
       | Spaced Repetition for Efficient Learning is worth checking out.
       | 
       | https://gwern.net/spaced-repetition
        
       | SirHumphrey wrote:
       | I find with spaced repetition that it works really well for some
       | well-known things like vocabulary (EDIT: well-known meant as
       | "spaced repetition is well-known to work for this use-case, not
       | well-known as "the subject is well understood"), medical etc. but
       | for everything else it becomes a struggle for a long time.
       | 
       | I have been trying for years to fined a way to use it for
       | mathematics and physics - with the former being more of a focus
       | and didn't really get anywhere. For definitions it works, but
       | it's quite hard to write proofs in a way where there is a short
       | obvious memorization based answer. Either you spend far too much
       | time on a card or the card gives you too much information so you
       | don't really test the knowledge.
       | 
       | I also tried it for computer shortcuts - it seems to me that they
       | are really useful only when part of the muscle memory - so
       | practicing them works better then memorization.
        
         | Muvasa wrote:
         | i've learned entire math topics calc 1, calc2, calc3,
         | statistics, linear algebra with anki. It's really easy. Just
         | add the parctice problems at the end of the chapter to the
         | front and the answer on the back.
        
           | sn9 wrote:
           | Yeah you're basically just using the algorithm to schedule
           | review, just like going through old problem sets.
           | 
           | It's the next best thing to getting an infinite stream of new
           | problems of a type of problem.
        
         | bawolff wrote:
         | I feel like its asking a lot to use flash cards to learn things
         | that aren't about memorization.
        
         | raincole wrote:
         | > it works really well for some well-known things like
         | vocabulary
         | 
         | And mathematics and physics, which are (at undergraduate level)
         | even more well-understood than vocabulary.
        
         | InkCanon wrote:
         | It's someone I wondered, what is the point of memorizing a
         | proof if it only ever proves something you already know. The
         | answer is you hope it generalises. There is a possible way you
         | can do it in SRS, being inspired by RL training. Instead of
         | cards you'd show options within a game or simulation. But this
         | would need a lot of expert knowledge for a single concept.
        
           | bawolff wrote:
           | Sure, but if you are memorizing the proof instead of
           | understanding it, you aren't going to be able to generalize
           | it.
           | 
           | In general, math is not a subject where memorization is going
           | to get you ahead. The "why" matters much more than the
           | "what".
        
         | jarrett-ye wrote:
         | Math Academy provided a self-service learning system with a
         | novel spaced repetition algorithm which could take the
         | hierarchical body of math into account.
        
       | on_the_train wrote:
       | Anki is a good piece of software. But I couldn't come up with a
       | worse scheduling algorithm if I tried (old and new one). It's
       | like "here's the thing you just added one second ago. Here it's
       | again immediately after. Ok you got it, you'll see it once again
       | in a month or so lol".
       | 
       | It makes it unusable and every time I tried I went back to my own
       | self written program that just lets me set/adjust the intervals
       | myself.
        
         | dark_mode wrote:
         | When was the last time you tried? Anki used a static algorithm
         | (SuperMemo 2) before the new FSRS - which is dramatically
         | different.
         | 
         | In the short term (first day), I think it's still better to set
         | your own intervals (typicall 1 minute, then 5, then 10). But
         | after that, the algorithm optimizes for reminding you just
         | before forgetting. Highly recommend giving it a try.
        
           | on_the_train wrote:
           | I try Anki every couple of years because it has an app and
           | can sync. I also tried fsrs and rage quitted after a few
           | tests. These people can get high and mighty on their algos
           | and research. If they'd just add a manual interval mode
           | they'd contribute a lot more to humanity.
        
             | jarrett-ye wrote:
             | I guess what you need is Set Due Date, which allows you
             | manually schedule cards in Anki.
        
               | on_the_train wrote:
               | In my own tool I can do "+10%" or "+2 days"
        
               | jarrett-ye wrote:
               | Good feature! I guess someone could implement it via an
               | add-on of Anki.
        
       | cjauvin wrote:
       | What I find interesting about spaced repetition is the underlying
       | thesis that raw memorization, in certain contexts, is playing a
       | more important role for learning than what some modern education
       | ideas would make you assume. In mathematics or programming, for
       | instance, there is this idea that understanding a concept is
       | better than memorizing algorithms or recipes (derivation methods
       | for instance). But spaced repetition challenges that, in a sense.
        
         | keiferski wrote:
         | If you zoom out and look and the shift in educational systems
         | from pre-industrial revolution to modernity, memorization is a
         | key topic. Basically educational reformers wanted a switch from
         | memorization-heavy classics-based education with lots of Latin
         | and Greek - to one with less emphasis on memorizing and more
         | technical focus, more "understanding" and so on.
         | 
         | Like other big cultural shifts from the time, the correction
         | was necessary but also probably went too far in the opposite
         | direction.
         | 
         | Which is a long way of saying that memorization is underrated
         | and it mostly has a bad reputation from anti-Victorian
         | reformers.
        
         | wongarsu wrote:
         | Most modern programming lives by the idea that you don't need
         | to remember something as long as you remember where to look it
         | up. Of course that's only true for some things: I can look up
         | an API call, but I need a reasonably complete working knowledge
         | of the concepts offered by my chosen programming language and
         | its idiomatic design patterns. In most cases this is maintained
         | through application (practice is unstructured spaced
         | repetition), but if I wanted to get into say C++-based driver
         | development then spaced repetition would definitely help build
         | and maintain the necessary knowledge
        
         | InkCanon wrote:
         | I think the difference in recall- knowledgeable and logical-
         | model-knowledge will be really interesting. LLMs appear to
         | strongly be the first. But this is very hopeless on
         | mathematics.
        
         | Barrin92 wrote:
         | >But spaced repetition challenges that, in a sense.
         | 
         | Common sense challenges this honestly. Education systems that
         | traditionally have put a strong focus on repetition,
         | memorization and what you could call neuromuscular training
         | (e.g China, the USSR, France) in particluar in STEM far
         | outperform anyone else. Vietnam outperforms most rich
         | countries.
         | 
         | In programming circles it's a cultural cliche because our
         | profession is full of people who go by: "I am a genius, I work
         | smart, not hard", probably the most damaging idea ever uttered
         | in education, and in the humanities it's seen as culturally
         | unsophisticated.
         | 
         | In reality, 95% of everything is mechanics. Starcraft, math,
         | even literature and acting. Creative freedom is enabled only by
         | a large body of effortless recollection.
        
           | 0xDEAFBEAD wrote:
           | The UK and Germany outperform France in average learning
           | outcomes according to Our World in Data:
           | 
           | https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/average-harmonized-
           | learni...
        
         | sn9 wrote:
         | Memory is a prerequisite for understanding.
         | 
         | You can't understand something you can't remember.
        
         | _Algernon_ wrote:
         | It makes sense to memorize elementary operations that are
         | reused frequently because that frees your mind to focus on the
         | "higher level of abstraction" of learning. You probably learned
         | the multiplication tables by heart before you were asked to do
         | more complicated multiplication problems for example.
        
       | c7b wrote:
       | Are there any algorithms/plugins that are optimized for an
       | on-/off-review style (ie, potentially months-long gaps between
       | sessions)? I know that the ideal would be to do reviews every
       | day, but I'm doing this for pleasure and I'd rather tweak the
       | algorithm to what works for me than the other way round.
        
         | Ey7NFZ3P0nzAe wrote:
         | I made this a long time ago, it uses embeddings to prioritize
         | diversity:
         | https://github.com/thiswillbeyourgithub/AnnA_Anki_neuronal_A...
        
       | hshshshshsh wrote:
       | Repeatedly memorizing the same thing over and again does not make
       | one smart.
       | 
       | Ofocurse it does help you win stupid games.
       | 
       | Like scoring good marks in exams.
       | 
       | So that you can spend the next 30 years of your life doing jobs
       | you hate for money to just end up dead for infinity.
        
         | Smaug123 wrote:
         | You're free to choose not to memorise things, but please don't
         | be an arsehole about people who do want to do so for whatever
         | reason. Having said that, you seem to misunderstand the point
         | of spaced repetition, which is that you _don 't_ memorise the
         | same thing over and over again; instead, you memorise it enough
         | times to learn it, and not many more.
        
           | hshshshshsh wrote:
           | When was I being an asshole. Your ego took whatever I said
           | personally.
        
             | kaklslkd wrote:
             | Reality check incoming. Yes you are an asshole. Your word
             | choice matters, and you picked a large number of insulting
             | terms.
             | 
             | "not ... smart", "[only use is to] win stupid games.",
             | "[you will spend] your life doing jobs you hate for money".
             | 
             | My dude, I'm learning Japanese vocabulary, which has helped
             | me to start reading light novels for fun. By your argument:
             | I'm not smart, wasting my time, and hate my life, or soon
             | will?
             | 
             | Thing is I would fully agree with you that memorizing !=
             | comprehension, but that doesn't mean than memorizing is
             | without it's use. Do yourself a favor and learn to not be
             | so rude. It is literally the first item in the site
             | guidelines:
             | 
             | > Be kind. Don't be snarky.
        
               | hshshshshsh wrote:
               | You got triggered because I said memorizing something
               | doesn't make one smart. And called me an asshole.
               | 
               | You also said reading stuff in English give you less
               | satisfaction than reading in Japanese.
               | 
               | You might want to reflect on why that is the case.
        
               | kaklslkd wrote:
               | Triggered? Nah, I was merely answering your question.
               | It's clear at this point that any more time I spend here
               | would only be feeding a troll, so rather than address any
               | of that nonsense I think I'll do something more
               | productive instead. Maybe I'll do some flashcards.
        
               | hshshshshsh wrote:
               | Capable of making any arguments than name calling?
        
       | iandanforth wrote:
       | I wrote "Why Anki Doesn't Work for Me"
       | (https://medium.com/@iandanforth/why-anki-doesnt-work-for-me-...)
       | six years ago, which means it was before the new algorithm was
       | implemented. While Anki likely still suffers from all the other
       | issues I mentioned, this directly addresses my point (3). I'm
       | going to have to give it another try and see if the other points
       | are still too much friction, or if the frustration caused by the
       | algorithm was a majority of my pain.
        
         | Alex-Programs wrote:
         | I switched to FSRS via the extension partway through my A
         | levels. I also used the little google collab notebook to custom
         | fit it to my learning patterns - I'm not sure if that's in the
         | version that was merged into the main version.
         | 
         | It about halved the amount of reviews I needed to do, and they
         | didn't come up in bursts, so they were a lot more pleasant. I
         | didn't quite believe it at first, and worried that it would be
         | less effective, but it worked just as well if not better.
         | 
         | I really recommend giving it another try!
        
           | scalingpilled wrote:
           | I'm doing my A-levels at the moment with economics and
           | geography still to go, do you have any tips or advice for
           | leveraging FSRS / tailoring it to my learning style that is
           | more specific to A-levels, based on your experience?
        
             | Alex-Programs wrote:
             | Good luck!
             | 
             | I personally used Anki the whole time, so if you're
             | currently doing your exams some of my advice might not be
             | super useful. I did maths, physics, and computer science. I
             | didn't use flashcards much for maths - just for the
             | irritating stats equations - but used it extensively for
             | physics, and a little for compsci (I barely studied for
             | compsci).
             | 
             | During my GCSEs I extensively used them for history, which
             | is probably the closest analogue to the wordy questions
             | you'll get in geography. I used it for facts, order of
             | events, etc. I found that the process of organising history
             | into a well-organised Obsidian database, then distilling it
             | into flashcards, was as useful as the flashcard reviews
             | itself. I recommend separating your rough working during
             | class (e.g. the short essays you write at the end of a
             | lesson) and your organised notes, which I split into
             | separate, interlinked concepts with flashcards at the
             | bottom of the file synced with Anki via an extension.
             | 
             | I suppose the advice I'd have is
             | 
             | - Cloze cards are excellent, and you should use them
             | 
             | - You can't flashcard your way to mental models. Absolutely
             | don't rely on them alone, and you need to do practice
             | questions for every separate question type you'll get until
             | you're confident with the mental model itself.
             | 
             | - That said, it's easy to get into the trap of remembering
             | the answers to flashcards as words. While this lets you
             | "learn" quicker, and speed up reviews, I found that I had
             | much better real-world results when I tried to actually
             | "load in" the mental model into my head. So for example, if
             | I had a flashcard about refraction behaviour, I'd not just
             | answer the question, I'd also visualise a laser going from
             | air into water and how the behaviour of the light changed
             | as the angle changed.
             | 
             | For history, it's been a while, but if I had a question
             | about one factor in a broader crisis (e.g. the Berlin
             | Airlift) I'd try to think about the broader context of the
             | question - not in my internal monologue, but just vaguely
             | considering the various factors involved, the period of
             | history, personally I instinctively visualise a map, etc,
             | for a second or two before clicking for the answer.
             | 
             | Edit: Oh, and the heatmap extension is great. It gives you
             | streaks and a heat map that you really don't want to break!
        
             | sn9 wrote:
             | Ali Abdaal's Youtube channel has a bunch of older videos
             | you'll probably find useful: https://www.youtube.com/playli
             | st?list=PL7BImOT2srcGCCjBBwNvU...
        
         | echelon wrote:
         | WaniKani has the best UI for any SRS software I've ever seen,
         | but they suffer from the old algorithm. They're guilty of all
         | of your points and the article's fourth heading concern:
         | 
         | > And the idea that you'll literally never see a card again
         | after the last interval is terrifying, as it means you're
         | constantly losing knowledge.
        
         | rendaw wrote:
         | I had similar issues... anki would drill me hard while stuff
         | was still in short term memory (single session) then push it
         | back weeks or months before I had any retention. I'd get to it
         | again and it'd be completely gone, queue re-learning it from
         | scratch.
         | 
         | I brought it up around the time I tried it and got shouted
         | down. Pretty much every spaced repetition app was treating anki
         | like a holy emissary, so I gave up on spaced repetition
         | entirely.
        
           | Aerroon wrote:
           | I had a similar experience. In retrospect I felt like I was
           | wasting my time trying to use it. I somehow ended up with
           | memorization sessions that were too easy and impossibly hard
           | and there seemed to be no way to kind of bridge the gap.
        
           | Tijdreiziger wrote:
           | There is definitely an aspect of online language learning
           | communities where certain sanctioned methods are treated as
           | gifts from the gods, while other methods brand you as a no-
           | good heretic who doesn't _really_ want to learn the language.
        
       | b0ringdeveloper wrote:
       | I like WaniKani because it forces me to type the right answer.
       | When I tried Anki, it was too easy for me to "cheat" and press
       | space for something I "kinda" remembered.
       | 
       | I do agree with the author's phrase of "...a daily ritual of
       | feeling bad about what you've forgotten..." though, and would
       | like to try the new algorithm. Is there a way to configure Anki
       | to force you to type the correct answer?
        
         | david_allison wrote:
         | You can set up Anki to force you to type answers; use Basic
         | (type in the answer) when creating cards.
         | 
         | 20 second video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mxEqRe1Pp1w
         | 
         | It's possible to batch convert your cards to this format using
         | Anki's "Card Templates" feature.
         | 
         | https://docs.ankiweb.net/templates/fields.html#checking-your...
        
       | amluto wrote:
       | My personal peeve about Anki: I don't like its data model. It
       | seems to me that there ought to be collections of notes (which
       | might be things one would download or generate with an LLM or
       | make yourself or share with friends or students). On top of one
       | or more collections of notes are the sets of cards to want to
       | learn, and they can derive from the notes. This includes,
       | roughly, templates plus some concept of which cards are enabled.
       | On top of that is the spaced repetition history and model. There
       | also ought to be a way to constrain what cards should be studied
       | in a given session. (For example, if learning Chinese or
       | Japanese, one might want to have a pencil and paper when
       | practicing writing but not reading. When practicing without
       | paper, one might want to skip the writing cards.)
       | 
       | Anki doesn't seem to separate these layers at all. Everything is
       | a monolithic database. Import is unpleasant. Export is
       | unpleasant. Sharing is unpleasant. Doing anything other than
       | practicing and editing in the UI is unpleasant. And, every time I
       | try Anki, I get stuck when I can't manipulate my own data outside
       | Anki.
       | 
       | Is there any system out there that doesn't have this issue?
        
         | ape4 wrote:
         | Yeah, if you're learning a language, have a group of restaurant
         | words and another group about air travel, etc. Then then user
         | will associate them.
        
           | runarberg wrote:
           | For that I buy a vocabulary book, or a phrase book. As I read
           | through it, and if I don't know a word or understand a
           | sentence, I try to learn it using various methods, and create
           | an Anki card to keep it in memory. Anki is just to retain the
           | word.
           | 
           | On a plus side, you can buy specialized vocab/phrase books, I
           | have one just for onomonopias. Also my beginner vocab books
           | come with recordings from actual native speaker voice actors,
           | which I add to the deck. Much better quality than anything an
           | LLM or speech synthesizers can give you.
        
         | echelon wrote:
         | Seems like a YC business in the making. There's demand for
         | improvements, and you already have your pitch.
         | 
         | Sprinkle in AI and you'd be a shoe-in.
        
         | Graziano_M wrote:
         | What are you talking about? Anki explicitly has the concept of
         | 'notes' from which one or more 'cards' are derived. You can
         | absolutely easily make custom decks that only have certain card
         | types.
        
           | Ajedi32 wrote:
           | Yeah I'm confused too. "I don't like its data model. I wish
           | the data model was instead <perfectly describes Anki's data
           | model>".
        
         | TheDong wrote:
         | > there ought to be collections of notes (which might be things
         | one would download or generate with an LLM or make yourself or
         | share with friends or students). On top of one or more
         | collections of notes are the sets of cards to want to learn
         | 
         | Is that not what anki does? You have a collection of cards,
         | each card can be in one or more decks derived from the cards.
         | 
         | > There also ought to be a way to constrain what cards should
         | be studied in a given session
         | 
         | That's also decks. You can have your 'Japanese' deck, and then
         | the 'Japanese::writing' subdeck for the subset which require
         | you to have your writing materials handy.
         | 
         | You can also use "Better Tags" to tag cards, and then create a
         | sub-deck with an ad-hoc tag query to only study a subset if you
         | want.
         | 
         | Does creating more decks and then studying the subset you want
         | to in a session not work for what you want?
         | 
         | > Anki doesn't seem to separate these layers at all. Everything
         | is a monolithic database.
         | 
         | Decks are separate files which can be shared, edited, created,
         | studied, and reasoned about independently.
         | 
         | The "spaced repetition model" in anki is obviously separate
         | from the fact that there are multiple (FSRS and the old one).
         | 
         | > Export is unpleasant. Sharing is unpleasant
         | 
         | It's just files (zip files really). What's unpleasant about it?
         | 
         | > And, every time I try Anki, I get stuck when I can't
         | manipulate my own data outside Anki.
         | 
         | There's libraries to manipulate anki decks outside of anki for
         | practically every programming languages. There are literally
         | dozens of tools that can generate and import anki cards, such
         | as the large family of japanese "mining" tools which create
         | anki cards from media, dictionary entries, etc etc.
         | 
         | It's open source, and the code has clean library abstractions
         | you can work with, so it's trivial to nab any of the data out
         | of it.
         | 
         | > Is there any system out there that doesn't have this issue?
         | 
         | Every issue you described is something that I experienced in
         | other software, but which anki solved for me, so for me "anki"
         | is that system.
        
           | amluto wrote:
           | > Is that not what anki does? You have a collection of cards,
           | each card can be in one or more decks derived from the cards.
           | 
           | Kind of? As far as I can tell (and I haven't spent enormous
           | amounts of time digging in), there are decks, and a deck
           | contains the notes, the templates (and the cards, which may
           | or may not have any sort of independent existence outside the
           | notes and templates that generate them?), and a deck also
           | contains the scheduling information.
           | 
           | One can export the textual and markup contents of decks, but
           | not the media, into a text file, and one can re-import it,
           | supposedly losslessly. One can also export a deck minus
           | scheduling information for sharing purposes. I'm not sure
           | that one can re-import it.
           | 
           | Then there is a collection, which is the whole world: decks
           | along with their scheduling info.
           | 
           | > That's also decks. You can have your 'Japanese' deck, and
           | then the 'Japanese::writing' subdeck for the subset which
           | require you to have your writing materials handy.
           | 
           | I'm guessing that, if I start by importing a Japanese deck
           | from some other source (because, for example, there's a
           | source with high-quality notes), and then I split it into a
           | writing subdeck, and then the original source adds new notes
           | for new words or makes changes or whatever, that merging the
           | results is basically unsupported.
           | 
           | > > Anki doesn't seem to separate these layers at all.
           | Everything is a monolithic database.
           | 
           | > Decks are separate files which can be shared, edited,
           | created, studied, and reasoned about independently.
           | 
           | Yes, but only as monoliths (again, as far as I can tell). I
           | can export an "Anki Deck Package (.apkg)", but checking that
           | into git would result in a bit of nonsense. I can't export my
           | scheduling information and templates separately from the
           | underlying notes (or, if I can, I failed to find this
           | option).
           | 
           | >> Export is unpleasant. Sharing is unpleasant
           | 
           | > It's just files (zip files really). What's unpleasant about
           | it?
           | 
           | Excel and OpenDocument sheet files are also zip files. But
           | the respective tools are less limiting and don't expect the
           | users to unzip those zip files. (And their merging and text
           | import/export facilities are also weak, and that's
           | unfortunate.)
           | 
           | I could be wrong about most of this. But Anki doesn't seem
           | friendly to a decomposed workflow in the way that modern
           | programming lanuages are.
        
             | jaredklewis wrote:
             | Maybe I misunderstood something, but I can't find anything
             | in your comments that identifies a flaw with the underlying
             | data model of Anki. It seems your issues are mostly about
             | Anki's data management?
             | 
             | So I would strongly suggest your check out anki-connect
             | (https://git.sr.ht/~foosoft/anki-connect) which provides a
             | REST API for CRUD operations on Anki notes, cards, decks,
             | and media attachments.
             | 
             | Or maybe if you can share in a little more detail on what
             | you are studying, the format of the data, and the exact way
             | that your attempted workflow is breaking down with Anki,
             | I'd be surprised if no one had suggestions for making it
             | work.
             | 
             | Edit: also, to answer a question in your initial post, is
             | there a better SRS tool out there? I've never found
             | anything. For all its warts and flaws, Anki is good where
             | it matters, extensible enough to support pretty much all
             | use cases, and has excellent data portability.
        
               | amluto wrote:
               | Maybe "data model" is the wrong term.
               | 
               | The last time I tried to use Anki for real, I wanted to
               | set up some Chinese character cards, to be used by 2-3
               | different people. I found a couple apparently high-
               | quality decks online and downloaded them, and they had
               | lots of characters, including (mostly) ones that I didn't
               | want to include for the users in question. Removing
               | content from the decks seemed wrong. Trying to make an
               | actual practicable system with just the specific
               | templates I wanted seemed unnecessarily complex (these
               | decks had lots of fields in the notes, which is great,
               | but I didn't want to use all of them). And actually
               | getting the result to work for multiple users seemed like
               | an exercise in poor maintainability -- I wanted to
               | maintain and curate the set of notes and be able to
               | update what each user was studying as needed.
               | 
               | As the very most basic failure, Anki barely separates the
               | concept of a "deck" in the sense of a set of notes from a
               | "deck" in the sense of that which a particular person is
               | studying. And I found that to be quite limiting.
               | 
               | What I think I wanted was a collection of notes, where
               | each note would perhaps have an id and a bunch of fields
               | and their associated media. That collection should be
               | copyable and ideally version controlled. And I wanted to
               | create study sets that would reference the notes, select
               | a subset of them and a subset of the possible templated
               | cards, and track the study statistics.
        
             | pastage wrote:
             | It is a hard problem with too many solutions. Excel most
             | certainly is limiting since it is a scary format for
             | sharing data. Sharing highly structured info is a hard
             | problem, sharing collections of the same is even harder.
             | 
             | Programming has a similar issue code, docs, resources,
             | discussions and issue tracking are not handled easily.
        
         | uselesswords wrote:
         | It's amazing how every single point you've made here is wrong
         | as the other commenter already dove into. On top of that Anki
         | is one of the best documented pieces of open-source software
         | I've messed with. If you're able to program, ChatGPT can
         | basically handle any task you want it too, I data mine the
         | sqllite database regularly for my own insights.
        
           | ilteris wrote:
           | Where does your SQLite db sit? I have been thinking about
           | creating a local database to save and feed into LLM but i
           | have no experience with it
        
             | runarberg wrote:
             | I'm not using LLMs but I scrape open dictionary data to
             | generate (massive) cards for learning kanji. I publish
             | these in a specialized kanji learning app (rather than anki
             | proper). My db just lives temporarily on my local machine,
             | before I publish. Maybe sometime I will streamline the
             | publishing process and create a github action for it.
             | 
             | btw. I didn't use LLMs to write the app, it was still
             | pretty straight forward.
             | 
             | https://github.com/runarberg/shodoku/tree/main/scripts
        
             | rahimnathwani wrote:
             | If you export a deck as an .apkg file, you can unzip it to
             | get the SQLite files:
             | 
             | https://www.encona.com/posts/custom-statistics-for-anki-
             | flas...
        
             | yorwba wrote:
             | The SQLite database file is called "collection.anki2". Its
             | path varies depending on the operating system: https://docs
             | .ankiweb.net/files.html?highlight=collection.ank...
        
           | ummonk wrote:
           | I think there is an argument to be made about the poor
           | learning curve (ironic) for learning how to organize and use
           | Anki
        
           | lovestory wrote:
           | My personal workflow with memorizing with Anki using LLMs is
           | as follows: Read textbook material first. It's important that
           | you understand what you are learning.You cannot just
           | breakdown information into atoms and expect to understand how
           | it works together (for example: you can learn that there are
           | monounsaturated fats, polyunsaturated fats, saturated fats
           | and trans fats. But without reading beforehand about them
           | from a textbook or other source, you will not understand how
           | they differ (in chemical structure, biological function etc).
           | After I understand the material, I feed LLM the documents
           | (textbooks etc) and give it the following prompt: >I want to
           | generate flashcards from the provided textbook document using
           | the attached PDF. Each flashcard should contain a question
           | and a corresponding answer formatted as pairs in plaintext
           | code block. The structure should be: "Question","Answer"
           | >Extract key concepts, definitions, and explanations from the
           | textbook. If in the text imperial unit system is used,
           | convert it to metric. For mathematical symbols and equations,
           | format them using inline MathJax syntax because I will be
           | importing the copied text to Anki. Ensure questions are clear
           | and concise while answers provide a direct yet comprehensive
           | response.
           | 
           | After the text is generated, I check out the accuracy (in 95%
           | of cases the cards are accurate) and I import them into my
           | decks. The rest is good old school Anki memorizing.
        
             | hiq wrote:
             | I remember trying that a few months back but I was not
             | convinced by the quality of the cards. It's also hard to
             | convey what I think a good card is, I guess there's
             | something about not getting lost in the details while
             | missing the big picture.
             | 
             | You only commented on accuracy, but what's your experience
             | on relevance and how useful LLM-generated flashcards are?
             | 
             | To be clear I've already found myself deleting some
             | flashcards I made myself while reviewing them when I
             | realized they were bad, so I guess one can do that for LLM-
             | generated questions as well, as long as the irrelevance
             | rate is somewhat similar.
        
               | lovestory wrote:
               | Well I can give you an output example. This was generated
               | based on chapter from textbook about Vitamin (Vitamin D
               | in this example)
               | 
               | "Which nutrient can be synthesized by the body using
               | sunlight?","Vitamin D" "What is the primary role of
               | vitamin D in calcium regulation?","Raises blood calcium
               | by enhancing absorption, mobilizing bone stores, and
               | reducing kidney excretion" "How does vitamin D affect
               | bones?","Supports bone mineralization and integrity"
               | "What form does vitamin D take before
               | activation?","Inactive precursor synthesized in the skin
               | or consumed in diet" "Which organs activate vitamin
               | D?","Liver and kidneys" "What are signs of vitamin D
               | deficiency in children?","Bowed legs and bone deformities
               | (rickets)" "What is osteomalacia?","Soft, weak bones in
               | adults due to vitamin D deficiency" "What disease is
               | caused by long-term vitamin D deficiency in
               | adults?","Osteoporosis" "How does vitamin D deficiency
               | affect older people?","Increases risk of fractures and
               | joint pain" "What is the toxic effect of too much vitamin
               | D?","Calcification of soft tissues"
               | 
               | You get the idea. How would you rate it's usefulness is
               | subjective but it gets the job done.
        
             | sn9 wrote:
             | I have been looking for a workflow to do exactly this!
             | 
             | Which LLM do you use?
             | 
             | Do you do anything special to structure the deck by chapter
             | or section?
        
               | lovestory wrote:
               | Yes I use tags and then I display the tag using CSS at
               | the bottom of each question. You can find out how to do
               | this from anki manual. EDIT: this is useful because
               | sometimes different chapters will contain similar
               | questions but with the focus on different answer (for
               | example: when studying trigonometry and when studying
               | derivative of a function, similar questions will be
               | present so you will need tags to guide you towards the
               | answer).
        
           | pessimizer wrote:
           | Actually, every point was right and the data model is
           | terrible. I've been using it for years. The other commenter
           | just mentioned a list of things that the software _does do_
           | and basically said  "isn't that good enough for you" a bunch
           | of times. No, it's not. Anki's concepts of flashcards, and
           | how it stores and manipulates them, are horrible.
           | 
           | It's hard to do many, many things in Anki that should be
           | trivial, impossible to do many, many things that should be
           | possible, and the things you can do involve the types of
           | queries being run over your entire collection that causes the
           | app to slow to a crawl after you add about a dozen decks. And
           | in general: I can adjust far too many things that I don't
           | even care to adjust and probably shouldn't be adjusting, and
           | things that should be trivial to do are impossible.
           | 
           | It's bad. Ankidroid is a little better, but they're also
           | stuck with the data model.
        
         | jamager wrote:
         | For language learning only, but perhaps my own
         | https://thehardway.app model suits you better (flashcards
         | inside markdown-ish notes)
        
           | Tijdreiziger wrote:
           | Sorry, but your landing page is really awful. I'm not allowed
           | to learn about your app because I'm on a tablet? And I have
           | to give you my e-mail address, even though I know nothing
           | about your app so far?
           | 
           | Suggestion: Allow me to browse your site and learn about your
           | application, and I'll decide if it's interesting enough for
           | me to open it on my desktop later.
        
             | jamager wrote:
             | You are right, I will get around that. For what is worth, I
             | do not keep the email address.
        
           | smnplk wrote:
           | How much will you be charging for the app? Is it using LLM ?
        
         | allenu wrote:
         | You're right about the data model. I built my own flashcard app
         | [1], so I've had to understand the database schema that Anki
         | uses and a lot of it seems very inelegant, but on the other
         | hand, I can see how it was purpose-built and probably grew over
         | time and things were tacked on. (For instance, there's one
         | table that has a single row, where several fields are simply
         | JSON dictionaries.)
         | 
         | On the other hand, how templates work and how cloze deletions
         | work are really nice. With the flashcard app I built, I didn't
         | have templates, but did have a very basic cloze deletion system
         | where you could mark text to be "hidden" on the front. It was
         | very limited in that you'd only ever get one front/back
         | combination. You could hide multiple bits of text, but they'd
         | all be hidden at the same time. With Anki, you can create
         | multiple groups of hidden text, so that you end up with
         | multiple flashcards from the same note (i.e. you hid three
         | separate groups of text, so you now have three different cards
         | to test with).
         | 
         | I've been working on an update to my app to incorporate
         | templates and cloze deletions like how Anki does it, so now I
         | appreciate that aspect to it.
         | 
         | For my own database, at least in the new version I'm working
         | on, I've ended up creating a schema where the individual
         | attributes for each card are thrown into their own tables, but
         | this is mostly because I needed to support updating individual
         | attributes separately since I use a very simple journaling
         | system to sync across devices. With Anki's schema, I can see
         | why sync was complicated (at least in earlier versions) since
         | it wasn't really built for it.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.freshcardsapp.com/
        
       | the_arun wrote:
       | Makes sense. But is it same as "by heart"? If not, what is the
       | difference?
        
       | jwrallie wrote:
       | I wonder how it compares with the current SuperMemo.
       | 
       | I experimented with SuperMemo around 18 months ago, and it made
       | me fall in love with SRS again. The main reason being the
       | algorithm is less punishing when I skip a day. Maybe it has
       | better defaults?
       | 
       | I once skipped a whole week and could get back on track in the
       | next week, in Anki that feels unbearable.
       | 
       | Another thing I really liked about it is that you can edit a card
       | as you are studying without having to open a separate window,
       | helps me stay in the flow when studying.
       | 
       | But... With a better algorithm I might give it a try in the
       | future... Being FOSS is the real advantage here.
        
         | david_allison wrote:
         | Currently under debate. FSRS is likely better than SM-17. No
         | data on SM-18
         | 
         | Q&A/discussion:
         | https://supermemopedia.com/wiki/SuperMemo_dethroned_by_FSRS
         | 
         | Repo: https://github.com/open-spaced-repetition/fsrs-vs-sm17
         | 
         | Discussion: https://discord.gg/qjzcRTx =>
         | https://discord.com/channels/368267295601983490/136895216717...
        
           | dpkirchner wrote:
           | Am I reading this right, did users go through >10k
           | repetitions on average?
        
             | david_allison wrote:
             | Given users were self-selected SuperMemo users who needed
             | to use GitHub to upload exported stats, it feels a low
             | (FSRS benchmarks average ~70k per user, filtered to a
             | random selection of users with > 10k reps).
             | 
             | I wasn't involved in the benchmark, and don't know whether
             | `SM16-v-SM17.csv` is a full export. Didn't see any reviews
             | before 2020, and it may only be an export of a subset of
             | reviews.
             | 
             | https://github.com/open-spaced-repetition/srs-
             | benchmark/#dat...
        
         | Llamamoe wrote:
         | I really wish there was a FOSS equivalent to SuperMemo. Spaced
         | Repetition is cool and all, but Incremental Reading that uses
         | principles similar to SRS to augment learning novel content and
         | then retain pieces of it through more standard spaced
         | repetition is really next level.
        
       | JackDanMeier wrote:
       | I was working on a product which has FSRS implemented, and is
       | heavily inspired by anki. The change we made was that rather than
       | rate yourself, you have to type your answer and its graded by an
       | LLM. It also has a button to explain the concept to you as if you
       | are 5 (eli5) and you get feedback on your answer. You can also
       | create the flashcards by uploading a pdf and then generate them
       | from it.
       | 
       | I've stopped working on it and am now building something highly
       | similar aimed towards high school students, but any feedback is
       | welcome. This version was built for uni students
       | 
       | mimair.com - I never got around to adding any payment option so
       | its completely free
        
         | TheDong wrote:
         | > graded by an LLM
         | 
         | This seems impossible to me. In anki, there's "hard", "good",
         | and "easy" which are all for "I got this right".
         | 
         | For my usage, "hard" is "I got it right, but I was only like
         | 60% sure", "good" is "I had to actively think", and "easy" is
         | "effortlessly correct, no real thought required".
         | 
         | There's no way for an AI to tell if my identical input is the
         | result of a 50/50 guess, or a little thought, or effortless
         | recall. "delay to answer" also isn't a good approximation, I
         | have a habit of alt-tabbing and chatting with a friend on
         | random cards of any difficulty.
         | 
         | I find distinguishing those levels of easy for totally
         | identical answers ends up making SRS more effective, and AI
         | just can't know my inner thoughts. Maybe once we have brain
         | implants.
        
           | JackDanMeier wrote:
           | Yes, this is also something I have been thinking about, can
           | an LLM really know how well I know something. There is the
           | issue with the grading with again, hard, good and easy that I
           | can cut myself some slack and say "I knew that" even when I
           | didn't(and I have a strong memory of having done this
           | myself). And there is the possibility of bullshitting the LLM
           | and just all you know about the subject rather than the exact
           | definition of the flashcard. I'm leaning towards any
           | knowledge rather than specifying that the exact answer should
           | be graded. Whats your take?
        
             | TheDong wrote:
             | Bullshitting the AI maliciously doesn't matter, if you
             | don't want to study effectively, you won't study
             | effectively, and that's not a problem for the app.
             | 
             | > any knowledge rather than specifying that the exact
             | answer should be graded
             | 
             | I don't understand what you mean. The important thing is to
             | feed back into the SRS algorithm "How much does this card
             | need to be studied", and if you mean "any knowledge means
             | we can study it less often", then I doubt the SRS will be
             | able to be effective.
             | 
             | What are you suggesting to feed back into SRS? How will you
             | ensure cards the user knows very well quickly get pushed
             | way back (so the user isn't overwhelmed with a boring
             | slog), and cards they only sorta know bubble up more
             | quickly to start to cement the knowledge?
        
               | JackDanMeier wrote:
               | My understanding of what is important to feedback into
               | the SRS is, was I able to retrieve the memory, and does
               | the representation in my memory align with what I
               | recalled.
               | 
               | As an example Term: "What is the capital of France and
               | how many inhabitants does it have?" Correct definition:
               | "Paris, which has 2 000 000 inhabitants."
               | 
               | For me there is a difference in not having the answer at
               | all, which falls into "again". But what about if I'm able
               | to retrieve that Paris is the capital, but I remember
               | that the population is 1 500 000. This is where the gray
               | zone begins
        
               | TheDong wrote:
               | If you want to remember the population correctly, then
               | that isn't a gray zone, that's an "again". That's
               | entirely unambiguous to me, and if you let yourself slide
               | on that, you're hurting yourself.
               | 
               | There's a lot more room for gray zones in language
               | learning, where you might have the french card "doubler"
               | and answer it as "to pass", and then see the actual
               | answer is "1. to overtake, 2. to double", in which case
               | you have to read your heart and decide whether missing
               | the second definition was careless because it's so
               | obvious, or if it merits an "again"
               | 
               | An AI also can't really know, btw, if your answer of "to
               | pass" was "to pass (overtake)" (correct), or "to pass
               | (like a note in class)" (incorrect).
               | 
               | That's not the best example, but there are a ton of
               | ambiguous english words, and you only know in your own
               | heart which meaning you meant.
        
           | ix101 wrote:
           | One way it could grade you automatically is by the speed of
           | flipping the card (or entering the correct answer). If it
           | took less than a second to confirm then evidently it was
           | easy.
        
             | TheDong wrote:
             | But conversely, if I alt-tabbed to chat with a friend, or
             | paused studying because the person sitting next to me asked
             | a question, or I took a sip from my coffee mug, that
             | doesn't mean it's hard necessarily. Even though all of
             | those take at least as much time as answering a hard card
             | un-interrupted would.
             | 
             | The AI cannot read my mind, there is no approximation that
             | will work reasonably accurately here for "how confident was
             | I in my answer", unless I input that myself.
        
             | JackDanMeier wrote:
             | It should definitely be added as a variable within the
             | calculation, but the current FSRS predicts how likely you
             | are to access the memory (if it's sufficiently available
             | which is defined by its retrieval strength) and speed of
             | retrieval isn't really a factor in this version. The
             | different grades are more to define how well all parts of
             | the memory is retrieved.
             | 
             | Not to say that how quickly you can access it doesn't play
             | a role in real life.
        
             | Muromec wrote:
             | Whenever I try to use anki I can't figure what those four
             | buttons actually mean, so I end up with 40 cards that I
             | still can't recall and then the thing happily drops another
             | 10 on top and I just delete the deck or the app. Haven't
             | learned the thing I was trying to learn with it ever.
             | 
             | Either I don't understand the algorithm or it doesn't
             | understand me.
        
               | TheDong wrote:
               | My tip is to map the 1-4 difficulties as "wrong, or <60%
               | confidence", "60-80% confidence, thought required", "90%+
               | confidence, thought required", and "90%+ confidence, no
               | serious thought".
               | 
               | Depending on what you're learning, you might vary those.
               | For language learning, that works well imo.
               | 
               | Also, make sure to switch to FSRS. The old algorithm
               | defaulted to "again" resetting a card to 0, while "again"
               | in FSRS does show it again, but doesn't reset it back to
               | being effectively new.
               | 
               | If you want to understand the algorithm, read this:
               | https://github.com/open-spaced-
               | repetition/fsrs4anki/wiki/ABC...
        
         | runarberg wrote:
         | Me too. I made a specialized Kanji learning app. My different
         | approach is in the cards. I used free dictionary data to create
         | a card for each kanji with all the relevant data in a single
         | card. So a common kanji might have dozens (and even hundreds)
         | of words (each word with 0-2 example sentences) to help you
         | remember.
         | 
         | I like the anki way of self rating, so I kept it. I want to be
         | able to say: "hey, I know I screwed up the stroke order this
         | time, but it won't happen again, promise" and hit "Good".
         | 
         | https://github.com/runarberg/shodoku
         | 
         | https://shodoku.app/
        
         | jamager wrote:
         | Rating yourself is an important trait of SRS, it forces you to
         | think how you are doing, what is good enough and what not, what
         | is more or less important, etc.
        
       | Hardwired8976 wrote:
       | How are people using Anki for maths? Any nice decks you could
       | share?
        
       | theodorewiles wrote:
       | Has anyone tried to use an LLM to test questions / concepts in a
       | broader way via spaced repetition instead of just memorization?
       | Just wondering.
        
       | covertcorvid wrote:
       | RemNote (https://www.remnote.com/) solves the problems people are
       | mentioning about
       | 
       | 1) The time it takes to make cards. RemNote allows you to take
       | Notion-style block notes and quickly turn bullet points into
       | flashcards using symbols. For example, you might be in class and
       | make a bullet point in the format
       | 
       |  _- The quick brown fox jumps over >> the lazy dog_
       | 
       | which you can later review as a flashcard that is automatically
       | separated front/back by the >>.
       | 
       | 2) The old and unintuitive UI - again, basically just Notion with
       | flashcards. You can easily view all your notes in a bullet
       | hierarchy and then switch over to SR flashcard practice. Even has
       | rich code blocks, image occlusion, tables etc. A much better
       | implementation of Anki's notes/cards metaphor in my opinion.
       | 
       | I am not sponsored by RemNote, just a university student who has
       | bounced off Anki and really likes the app.
        
         | golly_ned wrote:
         | RemNote is incredible.
        
         | myflash13 wrote:
         | As a longtime Anki user I just want to say THANK YOU! Just
         | downloaded RemNote for the first time and gave it a spin. I've
         | been using Anki for years for language learning (Ukrainian and
         | Russian and Arabic), but also for poetry memorization. Weird
         | coincidence: a few days ago I was looking for an AI-powered
         | flashcard creator: I get regular emails from curated sources
         | that have lots of useful information, but I am too lazy to
         | create the cards to remember the points. I just downloaded
         | RemNote and tried the AI-generation feature: fed it an article
         | from UkrainianLessons.com and I was amazed at how it gave me a
         | list of useful flashcards instantly. This is a game changer.
         | The ability to study and create "in context" is also amazing
         | since not all information needs to be a flashcard. The Notion-
         | like/Workflowy/Roam interface also looks like a joy to work
         | with. Really hope this is not a fly-by-night startup, as I am
         | really looking forward to a decade of learning with this thing
         | after a previous decade with Anki.
        
           | mfranzs wrote:
           | RemNote founder here - been building RemNote for the past 8
           | years (4 in private for myself, 4 in public), and we're not
           | going anywhere! SRS is the future.
        
             | covertcorvid wrote:
             | Hey! Thanks for making such a useful app. Saved me hundreds
             | of hours.
        
       | sunkcapital wrote:
       | This is something I've been tackling myself in the language app
       | I'm making
       | https://store.steampowered.com/app/3220820/Bilingual_Crosswo....
       | Right now, I've added a set of front loaded intervals: 2M, 5M,
       | 10M, 20M, 40M, 2H, 6H, 1D, 2D, 4D, 8D, and so on eventually
       | stretching to a full year.
       | 
       | I've always felt this setup was a bit arbitrary and considered it
       | a temporary solution. Thanks for saving me some time on research!
        
         | david_allison wrote:
         | Take a look at https://github.com/open-spaced-repetition/
         | 
         | As a quick hack, increase the factor to 2.5 once you reach 1
         | day. That's what Anki's SM-2 used to use (if only pressing
         | 'good')
        
         | ix101 wrote:
         | This looks like a fun app!
        
       | linux2647 wrote:
       | The folks at SaySomethingIn, that originally started with Welsh
       | and other Celtic languages, have recently expanded to Japanese. I
       | haven't tried it myself, but I've found some decent success with
       | one of their other courses. It's all about spaced repetition and
       | focuses exclusively on listening and speaking.
       | 
       | https://www.saysomethingin.com/en/
        
       | Knork-and-Fife wrote:
       | I used basically this algorithm in college with the following
       | setup:
       | 
       | Make a word document that lists all the keys to memorize
       | vertically. Save as PDF
       | 
       | Open the PDF in a viewer with annotation tools. Make a clickable
       | note in the margin just next to each key. Write out the value to
       | memorize in the note field.
       | 
       | Cycle through the clickable notes. When you get one right easily,
       | drag the note more to the left in the margin. As you cycle, focus
       | on the ones furthest to the right. If you get one wrong, move it
       | a bit further to the right.
       | 
       | In general the notes will move to the left until you're
       | comfortable with all of them. And the balancing of which ones you
       | need to see and focus on plays out very naturally and you feel in
       | control the whole time.
       | 
       | There are many downsides with this compared to a tool like anki
       | (e.g. I only used it on a laptop), but there was also something
       | about it that just worked really well for me, so I never ended up
       | switching to a different tool. But this was before anki had the
       | similar algorithm described here. Maybe my experience would be
       | different today
        
         | mandmandam wrote:
         | This sounds interesting, but I'm not sure I'm picturing it
         | right .. You wouldn't have an example file handy?
        
       | clircle wrote:
       | Does anyone have tips for how to use space repetition to be a
       | better knowledge worker? I feel like i could use it to have a
       | better memory of business processes, but i dont know how to get
       | started.
        
       | broast wrote:
       | I just let chatgpt quiz me anki style on topics I'm learning
        
         | latentsea wrote:
         | ChatGPT isn't a spaced repetition system, so... it's missing
         | the fundamental aspect that makes it "Anki style". This comment
         | doesn't make sense.
        
           | broast wrote:
           | As I understand, anki's use of spaced repetition comes from
           | how it presents you cards in increasing or decreasing
           | frequency based on how you have answered it previously. In
           | this way, I prompt chatgpt to ask me questions, and it
           | revisits previous questions or topics for me based on how
           | I've answered previously. I continue the same conversation
           | periodically prompting it for questions to ask me.
        
             | latentsea wrote:
             | It's an LLM, not an SRS.
        
       | 300hoogen wrote:
       | how to ace any uni theory course
       | 
       | > download all pdfs
       | 
       | > merge pdfs into one
       | 
       | > compress
       | 
       | > write a very specific prompt for gemini to turn these into anki
       | cards separated by a semicolon
       | 
       | > do 50 anki cards a day for 3/4 weeks before exam
       | 
       | not a single lecture attended top of my class (ku leuven). feels
       | like cheating honestly
        
         | andy12_ wrote:
         | You are so right. I just began doing this today for my exams,
         | and it really feels like cheating with how easy it is. That,
         | and also creating a podcast with NotebookLM with all the pdfs
         | as source and using as a prompt "Make this a long summary for
         | studying".
        
       | joshdavham wrote:
       | If anyone's interested in experimenting with FSRS, we at Open
       | Spaced Repetition provide official packages in Python, Typescript
       | and Rust
       | 
       | PY: https://github.com/open-spaced-repetition/py-fsrs
       | 
       | TS: https://github.com/open-spaced-repetition/ts-fsrs
       | 
       | RS: https://github.com/open-spaced-repetition/fsrs-rs
       | 
       | Currently ts-fsrs and rs-fsrs support FSRS 6 and py-fsrs should
       | also support FSRS 6 in the next day or so. Also, both py-fsrs and
       | fsrs-rs include the ability to optimize the FSRS model from your
       | past reviews!
        
         | marcusbuffett wrote:
         | I used this for spaced repetition for opening training on
         | Chessbook, can vouch that the Rust package is excellent. Easy
         | to use and immediately lowered the training load on our users
         | while keeping retention high. FSRS is awesome.
        
           | Oreb wrote:
           | I use Chessbook and mostly like it, but I wish there was a
           | way to configure the spaced repetition parameters. In
           | particular, I find the frequency of reviews too low to retain
           | well, especially for recently added moves.
        
         | adangit wrote:
         | For Ruby folks -- I've forked the FSRS gem to fix an issue
         | where new cards were being spaced 60 days apart instead of 60
         | seconds:
         | 
         | https://github.com/arvindang/rb-fsrs
         | 
         | Originally adapted from the Python version linked here.
        
       | kazinator wrote:
       | systemS? There is only one program out there that is viable:
       | AnkiDroid.
       | 
       | Anki runs on desktop: you have to be chained to a desk rather
       | than taking advantage of idle moments when you are on-the-go.
       | Even if you have it on a laptop, you still need a place to sit;
       | SRS on mobile can be used anywhere, like standing-room-only
       | public transit.
       | 
       | The AnkiMobile companion app for iOS is a paid app that is
       | somehow chained to the desktop version, whereas AnkiDroid is a
       | full-featured clone of Anki that you could use air gapped without
       | ever syncing anything to or from another device. It has
       | integrated management of decks and note creation/editing.
       | 
       | Every other SRS app out there is just playing very distant catch-
       | up to Anki/AnkiDroid. They usually mention Anki in their pitch,
       | trying desperately to explain why some very minor and very
       | subjective negative point about Anki is worth switching to their
       | massively inconvenient solution.
        
       | maxdarapper wrote:
       | Just added FSRS to my free mac flashcard app. If interested,
       | check it out https://apps.apple.com/us/app/flashcard-
       | max/id1430950704
        
       | cubefox wrote:
       | > If we step back, we realize that this scheduling system (called
       | "SuperMemo-2") is pretty arbitrary. Where does the rule of 1, 6,
       | 2.5times correct + 1, reset back on failure come from? It turns
       | out it was developed by a college student in 1987 based on his
       | personal experiments. Can't we do better?
       | 
       | Note that Anki uses (used) such an old algorithm because it
       | derived it from an ancient open source version of SuperMemo, a
       | software which started the spaced repetition trend. Anki just
       | added a usable GUI instead of the convoluted mess that is
       | SuperMemo. Newer versions of SuperMemo improved the algorithm,
       | but they are no longer open source. I wonder how FSRS compares to
       | current iterations of the SuperMemo algorithm.
        
       | celltalk wrote:
       | Super nice, thank you for this post! Based on this I've updated
       | the vocabulary learning scheduling in DuoBook
       | (https://duobook.co) to FSRS based. We should be up to date with
       | the science based learning :)
        
       | LVB wrote:
       | > Thankfully, the leading spaced repetition software, Anki, has
       | incorporated FSRS as its default scheduling algorithm since
       | version 23.10, released in 2023-11
       | 
       | I've used Anki for a long time and apply updates, but I don't
       | closely track changes. Based on the above, I figured I'd be using
       | FSRS, but I'm not. All of my decks have that setting turned off.
       | Fair enough (no silent updates to existing data), but even when I
       | create a new deck, I have to turn the FSRS setting on manually. I
       | found the same even with a whole new profile. What aspect of this
       | is "default"? Is there a global setting I'm missing?
       | 
       | I'm glad it's available, though, without any plugins!
        
         | david_allison wrote:
         | FSRS is not a default yet:
         | https://github.com/ankitects/anki/issues/3616
        
       | TechDebtDevin wrote:
       | Pro Tip , if you're using LLMs to learn, create an MCP tool for
       | them to insert Anki cards on topics you're discussing in a csv on
       | google drive, then sync that with you anki decks on your phone.
       | 
       | This was a game changer for me and working with LLMS, while I
       | still think they make you dumb, and we essentially use them to
       | offload critical thinking (almost only find myself using them
       | when tired lazy, and just cant), if you must use them use them as
       | a study tool.
        
         | maxwellg wrote:
         | ChatGPT 4o's voice mode has been mindblowing for me for
         | learning basic Mandarin. I'm sure I will hit the limits of the
         | model sooner or later, but it has been so much fun bouncing
         | around my apartment and asking what various objects are called
         | / if words are related to other words. It is phenomenal for
         | putting together short little sentences and getting immediate
         | validation on grammar too.
         | 
         | No MCP on ChatGPT yet, but I can ask chat to generate an output
         | of what we reviewed in a structured format.
        
         | MostlyStable wrote:
         | I created a python script that checks my anki deck for the
         | cards that I'm scheduled to review the next day and asks an LLM
         | to generate new sentences for the cards, so that every time I
         | see them, I see them in a new context.
         | 
         | I did this because I realized I was hitting an issue where I
         | theoretically "knew" a word (would get it always correct on the
         | card), but wouldn't always recognize it in a novel context.
         | 
         | I'm hoping that having the context be variable when I'm
         | learning it will help fix this issue.
        
           | AlchemistCamp wrote:
           | > _"I realized I was hitting an issue where I theoretically
           | "knew" a word (would get it always correct on the card), but
           | wouldn't always recognize it in a novel context."_
           | 
           | Some of the problem is due to the specificity of the training
           | effect. I.e., if you mostly practice something through flash
           | cards then you're going to be training your ability to work
           | with that on flash cards.
           | 
           | With language, there's an additional challenge--many if not
           | most words have different meanings in different contexts.
        
             | MostlyStable wrote:
             | Yeah, I'm trying to spend a lot more of my language
             | learning time just reading/listening to content in my
             | target language, but it's actually pretty difficult to find
             | enough content that is in the right difficulty band where
             | it has some words/grammar etc. that I am still learning but
             | not so much that I just can't understand it at all.
        
               | mrbombastic wrote:
               | Check out if there are comprehensible input sites for
               | your target language if you haven't already, for example
               | fo spanish there is: https://www.dreamingspanish.com/
               | which puts out videos labeled with various difficulties
               | of speaking and listening
        
               | TechDebtDevin wrote:
               | How well does this work?
        
               | mrbombastic wrote:
               | Pretty well in my experience if you are trying to build
               | listening comprehension and pronunciation. But it is just
               | one tool in tool belt would recommend just as augmenting
               | other language learning tools.
        
               | AlchemistCamp wrote:
               | Very well, but it's very slow compared to what you can do
               | if you mix it up with some higher effort activities.
        
               | sasjaws wrote:
               | I'm building a reader app that tries to solve this exact
               | problem by providing a range of gradually simplified
               | versions of each article to match your proficiency. So
               | you can stay in the sweet spot, or work your way up
               | version by version.
               | 
               | If your target language happens to be Chinese then you
               | can give it a try at https://reader.longyan.io/landing
               | 
               | No login required, love your feedback.
        
               | AlchemistCamp wrote:
               | Sure. This kind of project seems to be pretty common. I'd
               | strongly suggest using traditional characters as a base
               | because it's very easy to map multiple characters into
               | simplified forms but much harder to disambiguate
               | simplified forms into the traditional versions.
               | 
               | Related comment on another app:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43769831
        
           | Llamamoe wrote:
           | That sounds like a really useful project!! Have you
           | considered publishing it?
        
             | MostlyStable wrote:
             | I don't think what I wrote would be very generally useful,
             | other than the basic idea of it. I wrote it with some
             | pretty narrow assumptions about card layout etc that work
             | for my exact deck, and it's not designed to be flexible. It
             | wouldn't be hard to adjust it I don't think, but also it's
             | such a simple script, that once you have gotten to the
             | point of changing it, you aren't much beyond writing it
             | from scratch either.
        
           | bspammer wrote:
           | That's a really clever use for LLMs, I have the exact same
           | problem with my Anki deck. Do you store all the historical
           | sentences for each card or is it just a destructive overwrite
           | each time?
        
         | udit99 wrote:
         | > f you're using LLMs to learn, create an MCP tool for them to
         | insert Anki cards on topics you're discussing in a csv on
         | google drive, then sync that with you anki decks on your phone.
         | 
         | Speaking for myself, I'd love to see a blogpost detailing how
         | this is done. At the very least, I'd love to know: How are you
         | syncing csvs to anki cards and how does the MCP interaction
         | look like for an LLMs response to the CSV creation
        
       | ouija wrote:
       | Interesting. I was never really happy with any spaced repetition
       | algorithm, so I recently implemented my own dumb system which
       | simply asks you for the number of days after which the card shall
       | be shown again: https://github.com/kldtz/vmn
       | 
       | Usually my intuition about how well I know something is not too
       | far off. If you don't specify anything, it doubles the time since
       | the last review.
        
         | qrobit wrote:
         | I had a similar problem where I can't remember the answer to
         | the card, but after revealing it, it seemed too easy to make it
         | due in a few days, so I would lie to the program and press
         | Hard/Good. Later I removed scheduling times on top of buttons
         | and decided to trust the algorithm. I believe it helped me to
         | stop caring about schedule times and loosing progress on a
         | certain card. After all, these algorithms were made for
         | ordinary people with ordinary memory behavior.
        
           | ouija wrote:
           | I think my problem is that I'm not using the system as
           | intended. I learn new vocabulary mainly by reading texts or
           | watching videos in the target language and use spaced
           | repetition to keep track of my progress. If I can't remember
           | a word (as indicated by SR), I'll reread the text/rewatch the
           | video where I've first encountered it. I don't want to keep
           | reviewing the same word in my spaced repetition program,
           | especially not in the same session.
        
       | tootyskooty wrote:
       | They have gotten better and I think it's clear they'll continue
       | to get better :). FSRS is already good (I use it both in Anki and
       | for periplus.app), but looking at the benchmarks [1] there's a
       | lot of room left for improvement.
       | 
       | One direction could be to incorporate semantics, which afair FSRS
       | doesn't do at all yet. A good flashcard deck will have a lot of
       | semantic overlap, e.g., a card for the vocab word itself, that
       | word in a sentence, etc. Struggling with one component is a
       | strong signal you'll struggle with another.
       | 
       | The same thing could be done for just better spacing, so you
       | don't "cheat" by having too closely-related cards next to
       | eachother in a review (the review signal will be less noisy).
       | 
       | [1] https://github.com/open-spaced-repetition/srs-benchmark
        
         | jarrett-ye wrote:
         | Yes, we can improve FSRS in that way. But it requires to
         | collect a lot of review data with cards' content, which breaks
         | Anki's privacy policy. And FSRS is my side project which has
         | squeezed all my free time... I'm not very motivated to improve
         | it now.
        
       | aaldrick wrote:
       | I see a lot of discussion about SRS, and I think most can agree
       | they have improved.
       | 
       | What I would like to see covered is a more vague area, but almost
       | more important:
       | 
       | It's the space in between reading/understanding something and the
       | SRS. There are almost no standalone tools dedicated to creating
       | flashcards easily from existing programs (web browser, PDF
       | readers etc.) into popular SRS (Anki, Mochi etc.). They should
       | work almost as OS additions to make everything feel native and
       | frictionless; I don't need another standalone tool that does X Y
       | and Z, I just need some sort of pipe into an SRS that is Mac
       | friendly and does the job whilst not being in the way.
       | 
       | If someone knows of such a tool, I would love to hear about it.
        
         | myflash13 wrote:
         | Just tried RemNote with their AI-generated cards features and
         | so far looks amazing. They can generate cards from PDFs,
         | webpages and notes.
        
           | aaldrick wrote:
           | Thank you - I'll give it a try!
        
             | aaldrick wrote:
             | Okay on first try, this seems promising, I'll try the pro
             | sub tomorrow properly and take it for a proper spin, but:
             | 
             | - I read a lot of PDFs. I can click a sentence and have it
             | suggest cards, or fill my own.
             | 
             | That's already a great start on the "space in between".
        
         | allenu wrote:
         | I've written my own flashcards app (Fresh Cards) and once in a
         | while, users ask if there's a way to import flashcards from
         | things like web pages and PDF files, but to be honest, I still
         | don't know how it would work, so maybe you can help me.
         | 
         | From a user standpoint, would it be an interactive process
         | where you highlight things and then click a button to say "turn
         | this into a flashcard", or would it be an automated tool that
         | would scan the content and come up with a list of questions and
         | answers t hat would test the material for you? What criteria
         | would be used to determine what's worth turning into a question
         | and answer? And how granular should the question be? I've seen
         | demos of things that pick out specific facts, like dates or
         | names, from the text to turn into questions, but that might not
         | be that useful to quiz for some material. It seems like a very
         | open-ended process to me, so it would be hard to get right for
         | everyone's needs.
        
           | aaldrick wrote:
           | I've tried Fresh Cards so thank you for developing that app,
           | and trying to add cool new software into the space.
           | 
           | Great question. Here's one way to do it:
           | 
           | The first is how clunky the process of going from X to
           | flashcard feels to the end user. One way to deal with the
           | fact that we are crossing software border is to add an extra
           | step where highlighting something allows you to go into an
           | "inbox" before any cards are made. It is clear what the user
           | has to do. They read something interesting, and add it to the
           | inbox. When they are ready, they can head over and _only
           | then_ use some sort of automation (either via custom prompt
           | for an AI or otherwise) to make the cards. This gives them
           | another step, or interface, at which they can decide whether
           | or not the thing they highlighted (since highlighting is
           | easy) is actually worth something. It segments the process
           | into clear easy sections: highlighting, deciding which
           | highlights to flashcardify (and therefore keep), and
           | flashcard review.
           | 
           | It definitely is an open-ended process, and I appreciate that
           | apps need to have a strong opinion on how to direct users
           | from start to finish; but I feel this is definitely possible
           | now with cheap and quick AI.
           | 
           | I didn't answer every question but hopefully that helps
           | somewhat.
        
             | allenu wrote:
             | I appreciate the detailed answer. That's a really good
             | point about the software boundary and how that adds
             | friction to just creating cards in the first place.
             | 
             | I like the idea of an inbox where you just toss things you
             | think are worth remembering and maybe having a browser
             | plugin or OS shortcut to save highlighted bits of info, but
             | not necessarily creating a flashcard immediately from it.
             | There's definitely some concrete things I can prototype
             | here to try to make that workflow easier. And I can see how
             | taking those tidbits of info and passing them to AI to
             | create flashcards is doable too.
        
               | aaldrick wrote:
               | No problem - I'm happy to help. I spend way too much time
               | thinking about this type of stuff.
               | 
               | I'm glad this has resonated, good luck with the
               | prototypes. Let me know if you ever want more feedback.
        
             | jkmcf wrote:
             | The INBOX idea would be a great improvement! That plus a
             | reminder to process your INBOX after N time or size.
             | 
             | The hardest part of any system is making it a habit.
        
               | aaldrick wrote:
               | I agree, we need something with a caring UX which
               | encourages habit-forming. I feel like this space is very
               | underexplored, especially considering the 1000s of note-
               | taking adjacent apps made in the last decade.
        
               | KPGv2 wrote:
               | Isn't there a Netflix and browser tool where it'll grab
               | subtitles for shows you're watching and create flashcards
               | or something?
        
           | jkmcf wrote:
           | I was an early user of FreshCards, and it's a beautiful app,
           | but creating cards was too much work. No share sheet or
           | similar integration.
           | 
           | The easiest thing, which I believe I suggested, was
           | highlight->action to create a new card front, and
           | highlight->action to creat the back or a new front. It needs
           | to work well casually in general, and easy when focused.
           | 
           | I'm sure AI could theoretically help but not sure it's
           | necessary. Part of the benefits of most cards is creating
           | them yourself.
        
             | allenu wrote:
             | Thanks for the feedback! I'm currently working on a big
             | rewrite of the app, so it's good to know I should work on
             | reducing the friction of creating cards, such as with the
             | share sheet or some other integration.
             | 
             | Like I said in the other comment, I'm going to play around
             | with some ideas regarding an inbox. I think that on its own
             | would help a ton for just recording things to be converted
             | to flashcards later. There's probably a good in-app UI that
             | can be made to go through the inbox and easily convert the
             | notes created into the front and back sides as well.
        
         | cosmic_cheese wrote:
         | The macOS services model seems like a good fit for this kind of
         | thing. Services are little bits of context-aware functionality
         | that apps expose to enable integration between apps without
         | active developer involvement. An example, in most Mac apps if
         | you select text, right-click to open the context menu, and open
         | the Services submenu you'll see a number of services that do
         | something with the highlighted text.
         | 
         | Ideally the SRS app would make services available to facilitate
         | quick creation of new cards, so for example one might highlight
         | some text, right-click, and select Services - New SRS Card...
         | which then opens an in-place lightweight card creator dialog.
        
           | aaldrick wrote:
           | I hadn't thought of this; thank you for bringing this up. I
           | will actually read into this. I didn't write it in my
           | original comment, but I almost mentioned the OS because I'm
           | coming round to the idea (albeit slowly) that the OS needs to
           | provide some sort of hook into this capability natively for
           | both maximum adoption and also ease of use (for both
           | developer and end user).
           | 
           | Perhaps Shortcuts are now powerful enough to do this as a
           | PoC, providing the SRS has some sort of open API that
           | Shortcuts can take advantage of.
        
             | cosmic_cheese wrote:
             | > the OS needs to provide some sort of hook into this
             | capability natively for both maximum adoption and also ease
             | of use (for both developer and end user)
             | 
             | I'm absolutely of this mind, but unfortunately it also
             | depends on developers' willingness to make use of these
             | hooks, and it's becoming increasingly uncommon for third
             | party apps to have any integration or automation
             | affordances, especially any specific to any particular
             | platform. It's become the norm to ship the absolute bare
             | minimum, which is the lowest common denominator "it runs".
        
               | aaldrick wrote:
               | A great shame, I see your point. I guess it comes down to
               | the developer treating their product as something that
               | could "help people" or something that "pays the bills".
               | Hopefully the former would lead them to caring enough to
               | spend the extra time for these significant QoL
               | improvements.
        
               | tylorr wrote:
               | This reminds me of the share feature on mobile phones
               | which gets plenty of use by developers. Seems quite
               | possible to make something like this on a standard OS
        
               | KPGv2 wrote:
               | Anki has AnkiConnect which is exactly this, I think
               | 
               | https://ankiweb.net/shared/info/2055492159
               | 
               | IIRC Yomichan (been a long time since I needed tools like
               | that) is a Chrome extension that lets you mouseover words
               | and it'll show you the meaning. I _think_ you can invoke
               | something in Chrome that will trigger the Anki Connect
               | API and send the info to Anki to create a card.
               | 
               | I've never bothered with this, but I think that's what
               | you're looking for.
        
           | xdfgh1112 wrote:
           | This is how anki already works on Android, using a custom
           | intent.
        
             | leephillips wrote:
             | I have anki on Android and I never see options to use it
             | from another app. Do I need to set something up?
        
         | fplonka wrote:
         | This mostly works with Mochi - you can paste PDFs etc into
         | ChatGPT and the Mochi markdown format is simple, so it can
         | generate flashcards for you (I have the format explained in my
         | system prompt so I don't have to re-explain it every time).
         | This synergizes nicely with the fact that you really want to
         | understand something before you make flashcards from it.
         | 
         | If you pay for Mochi you also get API access, so one could make
         | a ChatGPT wrapper which adds the cards for you. But since I
         | like to review the cards manually before adding I don't mind
         | the copy paste step.
        
           | aaldrick wrote:
           | Yes, I do something like this now. It definitely does do the
           | job. I just wonder if there could be something more,
           | something smoother perhaps, and the API access could do the
           | trick.
        
         | gwd wrote:
         | > It's the space in between reading/understanding something and
         | the SRS. ...If someone knows of such a tool, I would love to
         | hear about it.
         | 
         | I have a slightly different system I'm developing:
         | 
         | Rather than reviewing with flashcards, review with actual
         | content:
         | 
         | 1. Tag the content with the words and grammar concepts
         | 
         | 2. Estimate the difficulty [1] _for you_ of each word or
         | grammar concept -- the difficulty being essentially the inverse
         | of your familiarity graphs in this article.
         | 
         | 3. Choose content to read which balances difficulty and the
         | impact on learning.
         | 
         | Since reviewing something you're about to forget has more
         | impact than learning something new, "spaced repetition" falls
         | naturally.
         | 
         | And instead of spending your review time going through flash
         | cards, you spend your review time reading content in the target
         | language.
         | 
         | [1] If you know the details of the FSRS algorithm, I'm using
         | "difficulty" here differently than they do in their algorithm.
        
           | aaldrick wrote:
           | Not sure I understood the gist, but let me try summarise what
           | you do generally (i.e. not just for language learning).
           | 
           | - Instead of flashcards, you read content/write notes. - You
           | tag said content in some way which allows you to understand
           | how difficult it is. - When in "review" mode, you essentially
           | choose what to reread based on the difficulty you are feeling
           | has the most impact right now.
        
         | Macha wrote:
         | Some examples I'm aware of (mostly in the language learning and
         | especially Japanese learning space)
         | 
         | - subs2srs MPV script: create srs cards from subtitled videos,
         | if you have subtitles tracks for source and target language it
         | will fill them both in (though that sometimes has caveats,
         | different languages may distribute the meaning of a line of
         | dialogue over different subtitle lines)
         | 
         | - asbplayer chrome extension: inject extra subtitle languages
         | into streaming services and create flashcards from them similar
         | to subs2srs
         | 
         | - yomitan: browser dictionary lookup, primarily for bilingual
         | dictionaries for Japanese and Chinese but also has custom
         | dictionary support.
        
           | hiAndrewQuinn wrote:
           | You can add my https://github.com/hiAndrewQuinn/audio2anki
           | script to the space, in a similar position to subs2srs.
           | 
           | The big thing my script does differently is run Whisper
           | locally to actually generate the subtitles from the video
           | themselves. Most videos out in the real world don't come with
           | convenient little SRT files bundled with them.
           | 
           | It doesn't yet shell out anywhere to automatically provide a
           | translation, but that's more because I was already past that
           | stage for most of its output reading-wise. It's explicitly
           | tuned to make _listening_ practice SRSable.
           | 
           | (I originally built this for learning Finnish. For the other
           | 2 people here on that journey, https://finbug.xyz/ is where
           | I've collected the other software I've built over the years
           | for this.)
        
         | HSO wrote:
         | On Mac, you could make a little Shortcut that accepts your text
         | selection or maybe even a screenshot and sends it to
         | AnkiConnect to make a new note. Add this Shortcut to your share
         | sheet and you can create new notes from any app. Later, go over
         | the notes in Anki and add questions or if really lazy send the
         | backsides to an LLM to create those questions.
        
           | aaldrick wrote:
           | Thank you - I hadn't considered this.
        
             | HSO wrote:
             | Now I wanted it for myself and just made it. So at least I
             | can confirm this works.
             | 
             | Only difference is I don't actually use the sharesheet much
             | so I do it with clipboard content: Step 1. Take screenshot
             | or copy text. Step 2. Make a request to AnkiConnect and
             | have it create a new card with clipboard in Anki.
             | 
             | Works flawlessly on Mac/Desktop but if you want to do it
             | from mobile devices, you have to muck around with network
             | permissions. Too much for this evening but this alone opens
             | up possibilities.
             | 
             | Thanks for the stimulating question! :)
        
         | kqr wrote:
         | > There are almost no standalone tools dedicated to creating
         | flashcards easily from existing programs
         | 
         | I think this is a common misunderstanding. Half the benefit of
         | SRS comes from working out what the flashcards are. You have to
         | circle around a concept, look for similarities, differences,
         | examples, generalisations, properties, etc.
         | 
         | Is it hard work? Yes. Does it help understanding? Massively.
         | 
         | This is also a very difficult skill which, I believe, is why
         | many people fail to appreciate SRS. They try, write bad
         | flashcards, don't see results, and give up.
         | 
         | EDIT: This also leads to another common misunderstanding, that
         | SRS is only good for memorising facts. With proper elaboration
         | (thanks child comment), it can be used to build understanding
         | of complex subjects too.
        
           | indolering wrote:
           | The technical term is "elaboration" and it is key to long
           | term retention.
        
           | aaldrick wrote:
           | Fair point, please see my comment in response to allenu, in
           | this same thread, for a detailed view.
           | 
           | I did not mean to glaze over this aspect, I am aware this is
           | very important. I can not and do not use AI for automating
           | flashcards for this reason alone. But, I think my point still
           | stands, getting information from one disparate app into
           | another adds a lot of friction (saving it somewhere, copy and
           | pasting and yada yada) to something that (I believe) should
           | be as easy as possible. We have 1 click instant payment, but
           | I can't have 1 click get this into some sort of inbox in Anki
           | ready to flashcard-ify?
           | 
           | To be honest, I have a whole frustration with apps and
           | windows that I'm still trying to word, but fundamentally all
           | we are doing when we are "computing" is moving information
           | around. I wish that information was a first class citizen at
           | the OS level that could be leveraged by any app immediately.
           | Utopian view but this stuff ain't gonna think about itself.
        
           | ants_everywhere wrote:
           | That's usually done by writing and elaborating notes. I think
           | it's not clear to most people how flash cards improve this.
           | The original idea of flash cards is rote memorization of
           | facts that need fast (automatic) retrieval.
        
           | paulluuk wrote:
           | > They try, write bad flashcards, don't see results, and give
           | up.
           | 
           | But if that's the case, then wouldn't a program that takes a
           | long text (like a book) and creates GOOD flashcards, be way
           | superior over someone making their own bad flashcards?
        
             | tdeck wrote:
             | The quality of a card isn't absolute, it's personalized to
             | the learner. There are ways to make an almost universally
             | bad card (e.g. putting way too much information or a
             | misleading image), but a really "good" card comes from the
             | learner engaging with the material first before making the
             | card.
             | 
             | The program doesn't know what's in the learner's head and
             | what associations the learner will make. That's the benefit
             | of making your own card.
        
             | prolyxis wrote:
             | Or a person could have the program either critique their
             | flashcards as they write them, or suggest new sorts of
             | flashcards to create without doing the work for them by
             | automatically generating them.
        
             | gloomyday wrote:
             | I can see that helping a beginner to get a lay of the land,
             | but I see that as no more than training wheels.
             | 
             | I created bad flashcards for a long time. In the end, I
             | just figured, constantly editing cards when I noticed
             | issues was the best way to learn how to use flashcards
             | properly.
        
             | andy12_ wrote:
             | I have just tried this afternoon to create with Gemini 2.5
             | Pro Anki cards to study for my exams. I've been doing it
             | raw: I just paste the whole material (like 100k worth of
             | tokens) into aistudio and generate the flashcards in txt
             | format.
             | 
             | For now it's going great, and I think that the cards are
             | good enough as they are (there might be a couple here and
             | there that I would remove or edit, but they don't get in
             | the way of learning).
        
               | j1elo wrote:
               | Is there any prompt tips you have learned on that path,
               | that you could share? or the obvious request has been
               | useful already without too much fiddling?
               | 
               | I was thinking to use some study material to test drive
               | Google NotebookLM for this use case.
        
               | andy12_ wrote:
               | I haven't tried many variations yet because a basic
               | prompt seems to work well, thought it is important to
               | remind Gemini of not using ";" inside the text of the
               | cards if you use it as a separator. I imagine that with
               | better prompts you could get it to generate very nice
               | flash cards, but I'm in a little tight schedule, so I
               | can't play around it for too long.
               | 
               | Another nicer option I think would be using the
               | structured output of the API to generate the cards in
               | JSON format, and the parse it to the Anki format with a
               | script, but I think this approach is fine for me.
               | 
               | The prompt I'm using is this
               | 
               | ---
               | 
               | Using the information in these PDFs, make some Anki cards
               | to study for an exam.
               | 
               | The format for Anki cards is
               | 
               | ```
               | 
               | front1;back1
               | 
               | front2;back2
               | 
               | front3;back3
               | 
               | ```
               | 
               | Remember that you can't use ";" inside a field because it
               | is used to separate the front and back of a card.
               | 
               | If the back of a card is a list of elements, prefer to
               | use "<br>" to specify a newline.
        
             | KPGv2 wrote:
             | I do this with my kids' "exam review" materials. I'll take
             | a photo of the pages marked "study this for test" and send
             | to Gemini and say "make a test out of this" and it'll
             | create an exam with questions, answers, multiple choice,
             | true/false, fill in the blank, etc.
             | 
             | It's really impressive. So I just tried it to do what you
             | were asking:
             | 
             | > Give me the first three paragraphs of Genji Monogatari in
             | Japanese (I've only done this for an initial seed text;
             | you'd probably instead use your own source text)
             | 
             | Here are the first three paragraphs of Genji Monogatari
             | (Yuan Shi Wu Yu ) in Japanese:
             | 
             | idurenoYu Shi nika, [snip]
             | 
             | > Create spaced learning repetition of those three
             | paragraphs using cloze detection for any word that is not
             | in the top 5000 most common Japanese words
             | 
             | Okay, I can help you create a spaced repetition exercise
             | for those three paragraphs from Genji Monogatari. This will
             | use cloze deletion (fill-in-the-blanks) for words that are
             | generally less common in modern Japanese or are
             | characteristic of classical Japanese. Since I don't have a
             | real-time tool to check against a specific "top 5000 words"
             | list, I'll select words based on common knowledge of
             | Japanese vocabulary and classical forms that would
             | typically be targeted for study.
             | 
             | Please note that the third paragraph you provided contained
             | "trevoshiki", which appears to be a transcription error.
             | [This is true. Gemini's first three paras of this novel did
             | contain this transcription error.] I will substitute it
             | with "asamashiki" (asamashiki), meaning "shocking" or
             | "deplorable," which fits the context of referencing Yang
             | Guifei and potential societal disruption. If you believe
             | another word was intended, let me know!
             | 
             | What I received was a canvas I can export to Docs, and it
             | begins with:
             | 
             | Genji Monogatari - Spaced Repetition Cloze Exercise This
             | exercise is designed to help you learn and recall less
             | common vocabulary and classical expressions from the
             | beginning of Genji Monogatari.
             | 
             | Paragraph 1 - Cloze Test idureno ______ nika, ______ ,
             | ______ amata ______ tamahikerunakani, ito ______ kiJi
             | nihaaranuga, sugurete ______ tamahuari ______ .
             | hazimeyoriWo hato ______ tamaheru ______ , ______ mononi
             | ______ sonemitamahu. Tong zihodo, soreyori ______ noGeng Yi
             | tachiha, mashiteyasukarazu.
             | 
             | Paragraph 1 - Answer Key idureno Yu Shi (ontoki)nika, Nu Yu
             | (niyougo), Geng Yi (koui)amata saburahitamahikerunakani,
             | ito yamugotonaki(yangotonaki)Ji nihaaranuga, sugurete Shi
             | meki(tokimeki)tamahuarikeri. hazimeyoriWo hato Si
             | hiagari(omoiagari)tamaheru Yu Fang "(onkatagata),
             | mezamashikimononi otoshime sonemitamahu. Tong zihodo,
             | soreyori Xia [?] (gerou)noGeng Yi tachiha,
             | mashiteyasukarazu.
             | 
             | Paragraph 1 - Vocabulary Yu Shi  (ontoki): reign, era
             | (honorific) Nu Yu  (niyougo): Imperial consort of high rank
             | Geng Yi  (koui): Imperial consort of lower rank than Nyogo
             | amata (amata): many, much (classical) saburahi (saburahi):
             | (archaic form of Shi u - saburau) to serve, to be in
             | attendance (humble) yamugotonaki
             | (yamugotonaki/yangotonaki): exalted, of very high rank,
             | distinguished (classical)
             | 
             | [it continues the same way with para 2, 3]
        
           | mfranzs wrote:
           | Agree - making cards yourself is like programming yourself
           | for how you want to understand and remember an idea.
        
           | resonious wrote:
           | You might be right. I remember when I used SRS seriously for
           | language learning, I got far more out of the cards I created
           | painstakingly than the pre-built ones that I pulled off the
           | shelf. That is - I still remember most if not all of the
           | custom cards verbatim.
        
         | vjerancrnjak wrote:
         | I'd say a missing thing is figuring out the order in which
         | cards have to be shown.
         | 
         | Showing schlafen before ausschlafen, or contextually simpler
         | cards before more complex ones.
         | 
         | Optimizing blindly easy medium hard and next time to show a
         | card is probably very far away from efficient learning.
         | 
         | If the process is inspected, most of the forever knowledge that
         | I acquired I heard once and internalized.
        
         | edanm wrote:
         | I've never used it, but my understanding is that something that
         | does this is considered a "killer feature" of Supermemo. It has
         | a mode that lets you read text (via a PDF viewer) and lets you
         | create flashcards as you read in some kind of semi-automated
         | way. Or something like that. Like I said, I never used it.
        
           | Tomte wrote:
           | No, not PDF, only HTML. There are community companion
           | programs like SuperMemo Assistant, that enhance SM, but it's
           | all fiddly.
           | 
           | I paid for two SM versions and went back to Anki. It's very
           | idiodyncratic, the user interface is atrocious (in the latest
           | version it finally, finally added thumbs up/down icons for
           | grading the answer --- before that you had to remember
           | whether 1 is good and 5 is bad or vice versa).
           | 
           | SM is fascinating (including task management, sleep cycle
           | tracker etc.), but it's held back by its technological
           | choices (only support for Edge or IE, and Edge only in the
           | newest version), and for incremental reading you'll be mostly
           | ingesting Wikipedia articles, because PDF isn't supported.
        
             | aaldrick wrote:
             | +1 SM is really interesting. Supermemo.guru (URL) is a
             | fascinating resource written by a fascinating person (the
             | creator of Supermemo), but the software is so unusable that
             | it immediately shoots itself in the foot (or head). I don't
             | think anyone should ever use it, but people should take
             | away from it interesting concepts that they can use when
             | writing new software.
        
         | MarceColl wrote:
         | It's tricky I think, I think it comes down to specialized tools
         | for different systems. I'm building a tool for Japanese in this
         | direction. But of course it doesn't generalize to everything
         | since the content and context extraction is very objective
         | dependent.
        
           | aaldrick wrote:
           | I agree, it is tricky. But I believe it is possible, see my
           | response in this thread to the user allenu as a middle
           | ground.
        
             | MarceColl wrote:
             | AI definitely helps here (and it's the direction I'm
             | going), although to start exploring the space in a way that
             | makes sense to me (and because it's a problem I have), I've
             | reduced the space into these steps:                 * I
             | wanna be able to watch X in Y language       * I know these
             | words       * Help me
        
         | christiangenco wrote:
         | I solve this problem with a system prompt in my LLMs[1].
         | 
         | ChatGPT is the main spot where I'm going to be trying to
         | understand a new concept, so after groking it I'll ask it to
         | make flashcards which I can then just copy and paste into
         | Mochi.
         | 
         | An improvement would be some sort of MCP integration between
         | the LLM and Mochi so it can just add the card directly. I'm
         | sure we'll get there soon.
         | 
         | 1.
         | https://gist.github.com/christiangenco/db4b61c315b93fc2a404a...
        
         | maxdarapper wrote:
         | I built a native flashcard app for mac that includes spaced
         | repetition. You can close the main window, so it is not in the
         | way and just select add flashcard from the top right menu bar
         | in whichever application you are in
         | 
         | https://apps.apple.com/us/app/flashcard-max/id1430950704
        
         | mfranzs wrote:
         | This is what we've built RemNote for! You can add your sources
         | (PDFs, websites, YouTube, etc.) and create cards directly from
         | them. Either with AI (click on a sentence => get an AI card),
         | or by highlighting a sentence and writing your own card.
         | 
         | It's not at the OS level, but I think a focused standalone all-
         | in-one experience is actually better. We've explored a chrome
         | extension here that does something similar to what you suggest,
         | but it somehow hasn't proven useful in practice. I always keep
         | coming back to just doing everything directly in the tool
         | (upload PDF, take notes, make cards), as it helps me focus
         | deeply on what I'm learning.
        
           | arvindh-manian wrote:
           | Love RemNote -- ability to take notes and create SRS cards
           | within the notes is so sick
        
           | jonahhorowitz wrote:
           | Does RemNote use the algorithm described in the link or
           | something else?
        
             | mfranzs wrote:
             | Yep, you can either use FSRS (the one described in the
             | link), or Anki-SM2.
        
       | prezjordan wrote:
       | I just loaded Hacker News after a WaniKani session.
       | 
       | Any recs for moving this into Anki? I already use Anki for cards
       | I created while going through Genki with my tutor, and world
       | capitals.
        
       | caturopath wrote:
       | What is everyone using spaced repetition to memorize?
        
       | Gys wrote:
       | I found it a little annoying that SRS is immediately explained to
       | mean Spaced Repetition System, but then the F is added without
       | explaining what it stands for. Most references of the article do
       | neither. Except https://github.com/open-spaced-
       | repetition/fsrs4anki/wiki/The... which says the F means Free.
       | Seems a little too easy? I found nothing else. Chatgpt says it
       | means Flexible, which actually makes more sense? Anybody else can
       | chip in?
        
         | jarrett-ye wrote:
         | What does the 'Free' mean in the name?
         | 
         | The algorithm (FSRS) supports reviewing in advance or delay.
         | It's free for users to decide the time of review. And it will
         | adapt to the user's memory.
         | 
         | Meanwhile, spaced repetition is one essential technology to
         | achieve free learning.
         | 
         | FSRS runs entirely locally and has no risk under others'
         | control.
         | 
         | source: https://github.com/open-spaced-repetition/free-spaced-
         | repeti...
        
         | ayrtondesozzla wrote:
         | When "FSRS" is first used it's a clickable link, and the first
         | sentence on that link is:
         | 
         | > FSRS (Free Spaced Repetition Scheduler) is a modern spaced
         | repetition algorithm that was developed by Jarrett Ye.
         | 
         | If I do a search of "flexible spaced repetition software" I get
         | no results, which strongly suggests the dumb guesser you're
         | using guessed something plausible to placate its user. This is
         | common behaviour for this type of software.
         | 
         | In summary, I politely suggest you critically review how you
         | interact with knowledge on the internet.
        
       | candrewlee wrote:
       | Do any of these algorithms use vector embeddings to determine the
       | semantic similarity between cards? Seems like that might be a
       | useful parameter for tuning the algorithm, since you're likely to
       | forget something similar on a topic you've forgotten things
       | about.
        
         | Ey7NFZ3P0nzAe wrote:
         | That was actually my very first python project, I made this to
         | go through medical school:
         | https://github.com/thiswillbeyourgithub/AnnA_Anki_neuronal_A...
        
       | babush wrote:
       | I wish there was some SRS-like tool but for learning music.
        
       | henning wrote:
       | SM-2 is very easy to implement and is still an effective
       | memorization tool.
       | 
       | A lot of the difference in that graph seems to come from 70% vs.
       | 90% retention.
        
       | colinnordin wrote:
       | I'm sure the algorithm can play a huge role in the effectiveness
       | of learning but for me the difficult part was always creating the
       | cards and actually opening the app to practice.
       | 
       | I've built Komihag [1] to try and combat this: Select any text on
       | your iOS device and a flashcard is automatically created for you,
       | and the app is then showing you the cards on the Home Screen /
       | Lock Screen / Apple Watch Face.
       | 
       | I haven't gotten to implement any sophisticated scheduling
       | algorithm yet but will definitely do that eventually.
       | 
       | [1] : https://komihag.com
        
         | wintermutestwin wrote:
         | Cool idea. I'll check it out. It would be cool to do something
         | like this for single word highlights on an e reader. If I have
         | highlighted a singe word it is because I want to add it to my
         | vocabulary.
        
         | durkie wrote:
         | I was looking to use this with the iOS Books app, but I can't
         | share text to your app from there (but something like safari
         | works). Any idea why?
        
           | colinnordin wrote:
           | I found this:
           | https://developer.apple.com/forums/thread/762784
           | 
           | Looks like share extensions are not generally available
           | inside the Books app, which is why my app is not showing up.
           | 
           | Thank you for making me aware of the issue!
        
       | babuloseo wrote:
       | Hi Duolingo.
        
       | matt-attack wrote:
       | This should be a first class feature in iOS. Hey Siri teach me
       | what elide means.
        
       | justinator wrote:
       | What's the go-to SRS app now (I'm still on Anki)
        
       | ralferoo wrote:
       | I'm not ready to share a link to my actual implementation yet,
       | but I've been working on an SRS system for Chinese and been using
       | it as my daily driver for about 3-4 years now, after previously
       | using Anki and getting frustrated with how reviews pile up after
       | a couple of days off.
       | 
       | I've done lots of tweaking to the algorithm over the years to
       | make it feel like I'm less surprised by the scheduling, and less
       | like a slave to it. One very stark difference between mine and
       | Anki is that I have a large number of "overdue" cards, but the
       | system still prioritises when to show me the overdue cards with
       | quite a few different metrics based on how overdue it is, how new
       | it is, how long the current interval is, etc. So, like Anki, I
       | still just double the interval for correct cards, but for
       | incorrect cards, the reviews are repeated same day until they're
       | correct, and then the interval is reduced a lot more than Anki.
       | So, the cards then become overdue sooner, but because the
       | scheduling of overdue cards is better, they get pushed later if
       | your overdue queue is too large, and sooner if you've not got
       | anything more useful to review.
       | 
       | FWIW, my typical session is 40 minutes per day during my daily
       | lunchtime walk, and I'll get through about 150 cards in that
       | time. If I'm on a long train journey, I'll often clear out double
       | that or more, but the disaster situation of being on holiday for
       | a month might leave the queue with a couple of thousand extra
       | cards, but they never seem unmanageable. Even after a 2 month
       | break when I was travelling last year, and only doing reviews on
       | flights and trains, I'd definitely forgotten some words from not
       | reviewing at the appropriate time, but the percentage of totally
       | forgotten cards felt better than I used to experience after just
       | missing a few days with Anki.
       | 
       | One thing the article mentions that I don't massively concern
       | myself with is desired retention. I'm not sure I'd want to
       | express it as a target percentage, but I've definitely been
       | thinking about how I want to change things to deprioritise
       | stubborn words without just suspending them or deleting them. I
       | definitely find that having them keep showing up, so I might see
       | a pattern of them wrong twice each day before finally getting
       | them right, after a few days of that they do usually suddenly
       | stick for good. But sometimes I look at the word and think I
       | don't really care if I remember it or not.
        
       | scotty79 wrote:
       | I'd love to have a system that shows me what I already know well
       | as rarely as possible, because that's the most frustrating part.
        
       | adangit wrote:
       | I'm solo-building a free Anki alternative using the Ruby FSRS
       | gem: http://cadence.cards/welcome
       | 
       | Would love any feedback--I'm aiming for a more focused, restful
       | take on what I like most about Anki. Styling is done with
       | Tailwind.
        
       | milst wrote:
       | What's a good way to learn to understand concepts in a spaced-
       | repetition way? I've used anki before for remembering facts or
       | answers to specific questions, but is there a standard way to
       | setup spaced repetition flashcards to learn, for example, when to
       | apply a certain software pattern or something?
        
       | pillefitz wrote:
       | A while back I built https://readboost.io/ but so far never
       | advertised for it. The idea: Embed Q&A into your ePubs and
       | optionally download Anki cards for your book. Probably gets
       | buried here, but maybe someone finds some value in it.
        
       | BlimpSpike wrote:
       | The author bashes other algorithms for being "arbitrary", but I
       | don't see how FSRS is any less arbitrary.
        
       | phendrenad2 wrote:
       | I gave up on spaced repetition systems, even my paid memrise
       | subscription, because I couldn't find good flashcard sets. To
       | create good flashcards, you need some domain knowledge. An AI can
       | pick facts from wikipedia and quiz you on them, but it takes a
       | real human to identify what knowledge is relevant and worth
       | learning.
        
       | Buttons840 wrote:
       | I would pay for an e-ink tablet dedicated to notes and spaced
       | repetition. (I know there are e-ink note taking tablets, but none
       | of them have spaced repetition.)
       | 
       | I'd like to be able to take freehand notes, and then be able to
       | block out, or blur, certain sections and each blocked or blurred
       | area becomes a spaced repetition entry.
       | 
       | Or, in more detail. I'd like to look at a page of notes and loop
       | select a certain area. That selected area becomes a spaced
       | repetition item. After the initial loop selection I can do
       | another loop selection to blur one or more areas that would be
       | blurred. Etc, etc.
        
         | david_allison wrote:
         | There's a number of happy Onyx Boox users using AnkiDroid.
         | 
         | You can probably do what you want with the in-built image
         | occlusion feature. Might be worth downloading an Android
         | emulator and seeing if we meet your workflow requirements.
        
       | windowshopping wrote:
       | Hmm, I have Anki and I don't see an option for this algorithm.
       | Anyone know how to enable it? The preferences say I'm on the "V3
       | scheduler" but have no option for an algorithm. I don't think I'm
       | on the algorithm described in the blog post because whenever I
       | don't know a card it goes back to 1 day as if it was new. Or
       | maybe I am on it and I'm just misunderstanding how this works?
       | I'm on Mac, Version [?]2.1.66 (70506aeb)[?].
        
         | david_allison wrote:
         | You're on an old version of Anki.
         | 
         | Once you upgrade, FSRS is available under the deck options.
        
         | _Algernon_ wrote:
         | Go into the deck preset options (any deck is fine). Look for
         | the FSRS section and check if the toggle is enabled. If it's
         | not there you probably are on an old version.
         | 
         | https://docs.ankiweb.net/deck-options.html#fsrs
        
       | yearesadpeople wrote:
       | That tutorial guy on YouTube, Derek Banas, swears by Anki. He's
       | quite the voracious learner as well as being a pretty good
       | contractor. I've used it myself (sparingly, when taking on new
       | projects with new technology stacks), and never really committed
       | to it because of the somewhat static and predictable nature of
       | the learning session (as described in the article; the
       | algorithm). However, from learning about the upgrade (well, 2023
       | upgrade), I will try it out again: high hopes.
        
       | toomanyreps wrote:
       | I have been using Supermemo daily (except for when I miss a day
       | or two, vacations with no desktop, etc) since about 2010. I have
       | found the newer algos to be pretty good. I have not had any bugs
       | or a messed up collection. Its one of the pieces of software that
       | is keeping me on Windows. There is still no foss replacement for
       | incremental reading/writing [1]. Also, Supermemo has two modes
       | that lets you skip a few days without being overloaded [2][3]. So
       | you don't go from 20-30 cards to 200 if you skip a day.
       | 
       | That being said, its just another tool in the toolkit for
       | learning stuff. I don't think I'm that much smarter or better at
       | anything just because I have used Supermemo often for awhile.
       | Honestly, I just like making cards and throwing articles I want
       | to read later into Supermemo for processing. Most of what I use
       | Supermemo for is incremental reading, which I have never been
       | able to find a good replacement for. I like being reminded of
       | cool stuff I have read and ideas that I have had. I would
       | recommend also learning and practicing various mnemonic
       | techniques alongside spaced repetition.
       | 
       | Most of the other algos/apps I have tried have been okay, I have
       | not tried FSRS because I don't really use Anki anymore. I used
       | Anki when I was in college for about 2-3 years because I would do
       | flashcards using the mobile app. I was still using Supermemo
       | daily during the same time period though.
       | 
       | I also use Clozemaster for language vocab with Supermemo. I put
       | the sentences and some explanations into Supermemo after I do
       | them in Clozemaster. I do not really consider myself to be a
       | language learner or learning a language. I pick up new vocab very
       | slowly and do not do anything else to practice the languages I am
       | learning vocab from. I have also been using Math Academy almost
       | daily for about seven months which is nice, but definitely not a
       | full replacement for learning math. Using Math Academy actually
       | made me start working with math textbooks and online resources
       | again.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.help.supermemo.org/wiki/Incremental_reading [2]
       | https://www.help.supermemo.org/wiki/Postpone [3]
       | https://www.help.supermemo.org/wiki/Mercy
        
       | smeeger wrote:
       | language learning is 100% memorization. eventually your brain
       | memorizes all the phrases that click into "situation-space," for
       | every possible situation there is a memorized response. language
       | can be broken down into situational meta-phonemes. using flash
       | cards and grammar is just a way to bootstrap yourself into
       | memorizing all the appropriate responses for any given kind of
       | situation.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2025-05-18 23:00 UTC)