[HN Gopher] Dr. Dobb's Journal Interviews Jef Raskin (1986)
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       Dr. Dobb's Journal Interviews Jef Raskin (1986)
        
       Author : rbanffy
       Score  : 49 points
       Date   : 2025-05-15 18:43 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (computeradsfromthepast.substack.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (computeradsfromthepast.substack.com)
        
       | codepoet80 wrote:
       | I read his book during my early years of software development, as
       | a big fan of the (early) Mac and with a real passion to build
       | better user experiences in industrial software. I often wonder
       | what Jef would think of the iPhone (or even the current Mac), if
       | he were still with us. I suspect he'd be deeply disappointed.
        
         | throwaway6723 wrote:
         | Jef Raskin got cut out of the Macintosh project by Steve Jobs
         | and he held a grudge about that. Unclear if he'd be deeply
         | disappointed for personal or technical reasons.
        
       | uxhacker wrote:
       | I recently have also been thinking about Jef Raskin's book The
       | Humane Interface. It feels increasingly relevant to now.
       | 
       | Raskin was deeply concerned with how humans think in vague,
       | associative, creative ways, while computers demand precision and
       | predictability.
       | 
       | His goal was to humanize the machine through thoughtful interface
       | design--minimizing modes, reducing cognitive load, and
       | anticipating user intent.
       | 
       | What's fascinating now is how AI, changes the equation entirely.
       | Instead of rigid systems requiring exact input, we now have tools
       | that themselves are fuzzy, and probabilistic.
       | 
       | I keep thinking that the gap Raskin was trying to bridge is
       | closing--not just through interface, but through the architecture
       | of the machine itself.
       | 
       | So AI makes Raskin's vision more feasible than ever but also
       | challenges his assumptions:
       | 
       | Does AI finally enable truly humane interfaces?
        
         | rendx wrote:
         | Highly recommended, timeless read!
        
         | growlNark wrote:
         | > Does AI finally enable truly humane interfaces?
         | 
         | Perhaps, but I don't think we're going to see evidence of this
         | for quite a while. It would be really cool if the computer
         | adapted to how you naturally want to use it, though, without
         | forcing you through an interface where you talk/type to it.
        
         | mistrial9 wrote:
         | "no" .. intelligent appliance was the product that came out of
         | Raskin's thinking..
         | 
         | I object to the framing of this question directly -- there is
         | no definition of "AI" . Secondly, the humane interface is a
         | genre that Jef Raskin shaped and re-thought over years.. A one-
         | liner here definitely does not embody the works of Jef Raskin.
         | 
         | Off the top of my head, it appears that "AI" enables one-to-
         | many broadcast, service interactions and knowledge retrieval in
         | a way that was not possible before. The thinking of Jef Raskin
         | was very much along the lines of an ordinary person using
         | computers for their own purposes. "AI" in the supply-side
         | format coming down the road, appears to be headed towards
         | societal interactions that depersonalize and segregate
         | individual people. It is possible to engage "AI" whatever that
         | means, to enable individuals as an appliance. This is by no
         | means certain at this time IMHO.
        
         | ianbicking wrote:
         | "Does AI finally enable truly humane interfaces?"
         | 
         | I think it does; LLMs in particular. AI also enables a ton of
         | other things, many of them inhumane, which can make it very
         | hard to discuss these things as people fixate on the inhumane.
         | (Which is fair... but if you are BUILDING something, I think
         | it's best to fixate on the humane so that you conjure THAT into
         | being.)
         | 
         | I think Jef Raskin's goal with a lot of what he proposed was to
         | connect the computer interface more directly with the user's
         | intent. An application-oriented model really focuses so much of
         | the organization around the software company's intent and
         | position, something that follows us fully into (most of)
         | today's interfaces.
         | 
         | A magical aspect of LLMs is that they can actually fully
         | vertically integrate with intent. It doesn't mean every LLM
         | interface exposes this or takes advantage of this (quite the
         | contrary!), but it's _possible_, and it simple wasn't possible
         | in the past.
         | 
         | For instance: you can create an LLM-powered piece of software
         | that collects (and allows revision) to some overriding intent.
         | Just literally take the user's stated intent and puts it in a
         | slot in all following prompts. This alone will have a
         | substantial effect on the LLMs behavior! And importantly you
         | can ask for their intent, not just their specific goal. Maybe I
         | want to build a shed, and I'm looking up some materials... the
         | underlying goal can inform all kinds of things, like whether
         | I'm looking for used or new materials, aesthetic or functional,
         | etc.
         | 
         | To accomplish something with a computer we often thread
         | together many different tools. Each of them is generally
         | defined by their function (photo album, email client, browser-
         | that-contains-other-things, and so on). It's up to the human to
         | figure out how to assemble these, and at each step it's easy to
         | lose track, to become distracted or confused, to lose track of
         | context. And again an LLM can engage with the larger task in a
         | way that wasn't possible before.
        
           | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
           | Tell me, how does doing any of the things you've suggested
           | help with the huge range of computer-driven tasks that have
           | nothing to do with language? Video editing, audio editing,
           | music composition, architectural and mechanical design, the
           | list is vast and nearly endless.
           | 
           | LLMs have no role to play in any of that, because their job
           | is text generation. At best, they could generate excerpts
           | from a half-imagined user manual ...
        
             | uxhacker wrote:
             | Because some LLMs are now multimodal--they can process and
             | generate not just text, but also sound and visuals. In
             | other words, they're beginning to handle a broader range of
             | human inputs and outputs, much like we do.
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | Those are not LLMs. They use the same foundational
               | technology (pick what you like, but I'd say transformers)
               | to accomplish tasks that require entirely different
               | training data and architectures.
               | 
               | I was specifically asking about LLMs because the comment
               | I replied to only talked about LLMs - Large Language
               | Models.
        
               | jnwatson wrote:
               | Multimodal LLMs are absolutely LLMs, the language is just
               | not human language.
        
             | Karrot_Kream wrote:
             | What if you could pilot your video editing tool through
             | voice? Have a multimodal LLM convert your instructions into
             | some structured data instruction that gets used by the
             | editor to perform actions.
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | Training LLMs to generate some internal command structure
               | for a tool is conceptually similar to what we've done
               | with them already, but the training data for it is
               | essentially non-existent, and would be hard to generate.
        
               | masfuerte wrote:
               | Compare pinch zoom to the tedious scene in Bladerunner
               | where Deckard is asking the computer to zoom in to a
               | picture.
        
               | yubblegum wrote:
               | Deckard. Blade Runner.
        
         | Karrot_Kream wrote:
         | > Does AI finally enable truly humane interfaces?
         | 
         | This is something I keep tossing over in my head. Multimodal
         | capabilities of frontier models right now are fantastic. Rather
         | than locking into a desktop with peripherals or hunching over a
         | tiny screen and tapping with thumbs we finally have an easy way
         | to create apps that interact "natively" through audio. We can
         | finally try to decipher a user's intent rather than forcing the
         | user to interact through an interface designed to provide
         | precise inputs to an algorithm. I'm excited to see what we
         | build with these things.
        
       | janfoeh wrote:
       | _By definition, an operating system is the program you have to
       | fight with before you can fight with an application._
       | 
       | One for the quote file.
        
       | AnimalMuppet wrote:
       | Wow. EGA graphics on the cover. That's not something I've heard
       | about in a while...
        
         | ianbicking wrote:
         | Someone built a legit commercial game with EGA graphics just
         | last year:
         | https://store.steampowered.com/app/1098770/The_Crimson_Diamo...
         | 
         | I haven't played it, but looking at the graphics alone brings
         | up some deep feelings of nostalgia
        
           | JKCalhoun wrote:
           | Yeah, she really likes her EGA palette. That's cool.
        
       | LaundroMat wrote:
       | Cookie popup keeps popping up if I allow only necessary cookies
       | on an article about frustrating interactions with technology. (FF
       | on Android)
        
       | emorning3 wrote:
       | I suspect that Jef Raskin would not be down with "prompt
       | engineering' at all.
       | 
       | I think that Mr Raskin's opinion would be that it should be
       | obvious how to use a piece of software.
        
         | TMWNN wrote:
         | Prompt engineering, it seems to me, is about the most obvious
         | way to use a computer: Tell it in plain English what you want.
        
           | mistrial9 wrote:
           | you are assuming clarity and good faith on the other side of
           | the model providers
        
       | TMWNN wrote:
       | 1995 article by Raskin (page 9) in the _Journal of the Computer
       | History Association of California_ :
       | <http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/chac/CHAC_Analytical_Engine/2.4...>
        
       | kristianp wrote:
       | He was selling a product called swyftcard for Apple II, see
       | https://hackaday.com/2014/04/06/vcf-east-the-swyft-card/
        
       | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
       | > Let me make a typical error. I want to move the cursor to the
       | word good, so I should press the left Leap key and type "good."
       | I'll press the right Leap key and type. It found it anyway. The
       | system does one thing that all systems should have done from day
       | 1: If you tell it to search one way for something and it doesn't
       | find it, it searches the other way in case you made a mistake.
       | Most systems didn't do this because if you did find it then
       | you've lost your place. In this system if you want to go back,
       | you just bang on the keyboard. (Raskin slams both hands on the
       | keyboard, and the cursor returns to the point in the document at
       | which his search began.)
       | 
       | We're supposed to idolize this as some sort of hyper-enlightened
       | version of interface design? Hell no.
       | 
       | I get that this design worked for Raskin. It worked for him the
       | same way that my hacked version of GNU Emacs' next-line function
       | does for me when the cursor is at the end of the buffer, or how I
       | needed a version of its delete-horizontal-space but that would
       | work only _after_ the cursor.
       | 
       | I get that Raskin's "oh, you probably made a mistake, let me do
       | something else that I suspect is what you really meant" might
       | even have worked for a bunch of other people too. But the idea
       | that somehow Raskin had some sort of deep insight with stuff like
       | this, rather than just a set of personal preferences that are
       | like those of anyone else, is just completely wrong, I think.
        
         | jaysonelliot wrote:
         | You're making the error of judging Raskin's approach with the
         | knowledge of user interfaces that a person in 2025 has. It's
         | been 40 years since that interview. Many people today weren't
         | even born yet.
         | 
         | In that 40 years, many UI conventions have sprung up, and we've
         | internalized them to the point that they're so familiar we
         | actually say they're intuitive.
         | 
         | But if you go back to the state of computing in 1986, or even
         | earlier, when Raskin was developing his UX principles for the
         | Canon Cat and the SwyftCard, he was considering computer
         | interfaces that were almost exclusively command-line
         | interfaces.
         | 
         | You're not supposed to "idolize" any designer or engineer. But
         | I would highly encourage you to read The Humane Interface,
         | learn about the underlying principles of usability and
         | interface design, and consider how you'd apply them to a UI
         | today, 40 years later. The execution you'd come up with would
         | be different. But the principles he started from are
         | foundational and very useful.
        
           | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
           | You're making the mistake of thinking I wasn't using
           | computers in 1986 :)
           | 
           | I used GNU Emacs as an example for precisely this reason.
        
           | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
           | Further, I have read several sections of The Humane
           | Interface, and I think it does contain some real insight,
           | some of which we have unfortunately lost.
           | 
           | But I do not think that Raskin was channelling some
           | remarkable stream of insight into these matters. And yes,
           | "idolize" was more poking fun at people who use superlatives
           | to describe him, in my opinion without much justification.
        
           | mongol wrote:
           | Raskin was a fan of "zoomable interfaces" as I recall.
           | Remember reading about a huge canvas which you navigate and
           | can zoom in and out of.
           | 
           | Today we have Miro and it works like that. I hate it.
        
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