[HN Gopher] The Epochalypse Project
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       The Epochalypse Project
        
       Author : maxeda
       Score  : 154 points
       Date   : 2025-05-11 10:08 UTC (12 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (epochalypse-project.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (epochalypse-project.org)
        
       | cranberryturkey wrote:
       | 15 years ago i was working at a startup in SV and a kid we hired
       | was saying how he was sad he missed out on y2k because he was too
       | young. I filled him with joy when I mentioned the 2038 bug. lol
        
       | stuaxo wrote:
       | (Not) Looking forward to 2038 onwards as people ignore the fact
       | we coordinated to fix this and start saying it was all a big
       | hoax.
        
         | christophilus wrote:
         | Same thing happened with Y2K. You can't let such people bother
         | you, or you'll be miserable.
        
           | phtrivier wrote:
           | Except "those people" are the ones who will run the USA for
           | the foreseeable future.
           | 
           | Fixing Y38 will require some public spending. If "researching
           | cancer" is not considered worthy of public spending any more,
           | I'm curious about how the nerds will manage to justify
           | replacing lots of embedded chips "because maths".
           | 
           | If it takes the usual 8 years to replace the current
           | administration with one that accepts listening to experts,
           | and unless big donors can make a profit by organizing the
           | transition, we can expect serious efforts to only start
           | around 2032 globally. No idea if that will be enough this
           | time, we'll see...
           | 
           | (On the bright side, maybe they can charge customers ? That
           | would work.)
        
         | BeFlatXIII wrote:
         | Will people use planes falling out of the sky as the reason the
         | fix must be priority 1 this time?
        
           | eastbound wrote:
           | Planes will still be using floppy disks. Or they will have
           | upgraded to the worst brand of Android, as usual.
        
             | lambdaone wrote:
             | Why should floppy disks be a problem? Even if they are
             | fantastically out of date, if they can be maintained as a
             | niche legacy technology, they're not a problem. They won't
             | suddenly stop working, it will just slowly get more and
             | more expensive to get the parts. Supply chains are magic -
             | at the right price, someone will always be willing to make
             | more floppies or drives. Of course that price might be $500
             | per floppy and $50,000 per drive...
        
           | lambdaone wrote:
           | Even though it might seem unlikely, you absolutely can't
           | eliminate the possibility of planes falling out of the air
           | unless you have thoroughly audited and tested all their
           | systems in advance. Not having planes in the air at the exact
           | moment of rollover - just in case - might be a good idea too.
           | Similarly financial markets and other key infrastructure.
           | 
           | 13 years is plenty of time to make a start on all of this,
           | and will allow the costs to be spread over that time period
           | without undue hurry. It's also long enough that it will be
           | possible for much software to be allowed to reach end-of-life
           | without being audited, while applying rigorous testing to new
           | software. Procrastination, though, is not a good option.
        
       | net01 wrote:
       | The fact that it's not common knowledge and not taught in schools
       | and universities is concerning.
        
         | Henchman21 wrote:
         | Is it? I was starting my career during Y2K. It was widely
         | regarded as _a bust_ , and I'd anticipate people expecting the
         | same damned thing?
        
           | sroussey wrote:
           | It was largely regarded as a success. Why do you say a bust?
        
             | parpfish wrote:
             | I remember some people looking forward to the y2k chaos.
             | There was a smug sense of "look at how badly those brainiac
             | computer guys screwed up"
             | 
             | I remember a rumor that "if enough people take their phone
             | off the hook before midnight it'll take down the phone
             | network"
        
             | phtrivier wrote:
             | I don't know about "largely", but I can point to a least
             | one instance where the most week know comedy show at the
             | time in France ("Les guignols") had a bit about how the Y2K
             | bug was a "scam" orchestrated by "Big Tech" to make people
             | buy new computers - given that nothing terrible happened on
             | Y2K.
             | 
             | The sketch was a riff about the kindergarten joke :
             | 
             | - why do you [insert weird action] ?
             | 
             | - to scare the girafes away
             | 
             | - but there are no girafes here
             | 
             | - of course, I've been [insert weird action here]
             | 
             | And I was a software engineering student at the time, and I
             | tried explaining they were missing the point, but I think
             | it will be how we're approached this time.
             | 
             | So, I think nothing will be done, or not enough, and bugs
             | will happen in 12 years.
             | 
             | But, thankfully, all our computers will have been replaced
             | to allow running js.
        
       | bobbyraduloff wrote:
       | Born too early for Y2K, but just in time for the Epochalypse lol
        
         | Nevermark wrote:
         | Well we don't know if it will actually be an e/apocalypse.
         | Which sounds very scary and doomsy to me.
         | 
         | But it will be the end of time, as we know it!
        
       | igleria wrote:
       | my capitalist side remembers that many people made retirement
       | money because of Y2K.
       | 
       | Maybe I should start thinking about an early retirement :)
        
         | mmwako wrote:
         | How exactly? asking for a friend
        
           | luckylion wrote:
           | "You still know php4? We need someone to fix this 50000 loc
           | file that was written in 2005. Willing to pay big money."
        
             | 0xDEAFBEAD wrote:
             | Wouldn't it just be a matter of recompiling as 64-bit? No
             | need to mess with the 50000 LOC.
        
         | Nevermark wrote:
         | Well, by 2038 the chatbots will have long since fixed all the
         | time format problems, all our problems, and will be working
         | away at problems of which we cannot concieve.
         | 
         | So, ahem, your "early retirement" is assured?
         | 
         | A year is a lot longer than it used to be. And quickly getting
         | longer. Measured in change.
        
       | ks2048 wrote:
       | Who will register a domain for the upcoming year 292271025015
       | problem?
        
         | thrance wrote:
         | Y292B271M25K15 is less catchy than Y2K
        
       | panzi wrote:
       | When will milliseconds since the Unix epoch not be precisely
       | representable in IEEE double anymore? (As it's used in
       | JavaScript.)
        
         | fmbb wrote:
         | In the year 287390 (285420.9 years after 1970) according to my
         | calculations using DuckDuckGo's calculator.
         | 
         | If you ask ChatGPT it's:                   = 285,616 years
         | after 1970         = Year 285,616
        
           | lionkor wrote:
           | Why would you ask ChatGPT?
        
             | hackyhacky wrote:
             | AI is the next big thing, I hear.
        
           | Thorham wrote:
           | That seems a bit small seeing how doubles can represent 53
           | bit integers accurately.
        
             | tomsmeding wrote:
             | >>> 2**53/(1000*3600*24*365)+1970
             | 287586.41472415626
             | 
             | There's a lot of milliseconds.
        
             | dgfl wrote:
             | Well, 2^53 milliseconds is indeed 285 414 years.
        
         | OutOfHere wrote:
         | Fwiw, it's much worse for 64-bit nanoseconds, running out in
         | the year 2262 for signed, and the year 2554 for unsigned. As
         | for who needs nanoseconds, trading systems, particle physics,
         | and globally distributed systems do.
        
           | panzi wrote:
           | Which systems use a single variable for nanoseconds time? The
           | APIs I know of all use a struct with two members, one for
           | seconds and the other for the nanoseconds within the second.
        
             | kbolino wrote:
             | It's a pretty common format for timestamps on modern file
             | systems used by Unixy operating systems (e.g. ext4, XFS,
             | APFS, ZFS, btrfs, etc.).
        
       | Waterluvian wrote:
       | I think this effort would benefit from trying to qualify what
       | "unpredictable ways" actually means. If anyone is testing
       | devices, a catalog of test results describing the actual failure
       | modes that were revealed would help make this whole thing more
       | concrete.
       | 
       | I think many software engineers know that if you want to make any
       | organization care about this type of issue, you need to be ready
       | to demonstrate the severity and impact.
        
         | jbeninger wrote:
         | Demonstrate? Or just scaremonger?
         | 
         | Y2K showed that you don't need details beyond vague threats of
         | "medication administered at the wrong time" and "planes falling
         | out of the air" to get organizations and the public to care. No
         | idea how that's going to tie into the conspiracy-heavy media
         | landscape we inhabit now.
         | 
         | (Note I do think this is a serious issue that needs to be
         | addressed. And I'd love to see specific examples. I'm just
         | pushing back against the idea that examples would make much
         | difference to advocacy efforts)
        
           | BeFlatXIII wrote:
           | "Planes falling pit of the sky" still gets used both as an
           | example of overblown Y2k fear-mongering AND the reason why
           | all those quiet preparations were necessary.
        
           | bongodongobob wrote:
           | What? Y2K did have many demonstrable problems... Having a 2
           | digit year _did_ obviously cause problems. The reason nothing
           | happened is because a shit ton of time and money was spent
           | making sure it didn 't.
        
             | jbeninger wrote:
             | Agreed. My point is that the orgs paying for all these
             | updates were mostly motivated by the vague claims of
             | experts rather than concrete examples
        
               | Waterluvian wrote:
               | All I can say is that at my level in an org, if I want to
               | say "instead of developing X this quarter, I want to test
               | the effects of 2038 on Y," that's a far easier
               | conversation if I can say something like "in similar
               | embedded devices they crashed and wouldn't even respond
               | to OTA updates" vs "something bad could happen. Not
               | sure."
               | 
               | The latter is just a ripe plumb, left to rot in the
               | backlog.
        
               | bongodongobob wrote:
               | That's nonsense. Orgs spent time and resources on it
               | because they grabbed a test server and demonstrated it
               | caused problems. It's not some weird ethereal untestable
               | bug. They set the dev server to a minute before midnight
               | and went "oh shit".
        
               | pixl97 wrote:
               | That and quite often the problems started showing up
               | years before 2000 itself. "Hey, the scheduler is giving
               | me a meeting 80 years ago" type weirdness when it crossed
               | the boundry.
        
               | jmbwell wrote:
               | It was pretty easy for orgs with affected systems to
               | produce concrete examples for themselves. Maybe to
               | everyone else it seemed vague, but for the people who had
               | to deal with it, it was taken pretty seriously from top
               | to bottom.
               | 
               | It was thankless work that is still glossed over and
               | waved away today, but it was all a very big deal
               | throughout the late 90s.
        
               | mulmen wrote:
               | > It was thankless work that is still glossed over and
               | waved away today, but it was all a very big deal
               | throughout the late 90s.
               | 
               | Mike Judge even made a movie about it! Office Space might
               | be the most recognition turn of the millennium
               | programmers will receive.
        
         | AndrewKemendo wrote:
         | So that means the best tool is a 2038 test environment - which
         | people then install their application(s) and test it e2e to see
         | what the impacts are.
         | 
         | However, I'm not sure how you make a 2038 test environment
         | 
         | It assumes that the OS/Kernel etc... are defacto frozen to 2025
         | or whatever increment until 2038
         | 
         | What was the y2k solution for the people that implemented those
         | fixes in the 90s?
        
         | calibas wrote:
         | Worst case scenario, it bricks your device:
         | https://issuetracker.google.com/issues/36928638?pli=1
         | 
         | Even if the system boots properly, there's various critical
         | systems that depend upon having the correct time. Say goodbye
         | to things like HTTPS and SSL/TLS certificates.
        
           | luckylion wrote:
           | Will the root-certificates still be trusted in 12 years? Will
           | we largely use the same TLS versions? And if systems can be
           | updated to account for that, shouldn't they also be able to
           | be updated to deal with the timestamps limitation?
        
             | moffkalast wrote:
             | For comparison I've revived a decade old Axis PTZ camera
             | recently and it can't be used with HTTPS because it only
             | supports TLS 1.0 which is deprecated across the board these
             | days lmao. The UI is so bugged out it's not possible to
             | change the default username and password anymore.
             | 
             | There's two kinds of internet connected devices these days,
             | those that keep getting updated and those that drift into
             | incompatibility and die as the rest of the ecosystem
             | evolves around them. If these supposed critical devices
             | will still be in use in 12 years without any maintenance
             | then they're unlikely to have any actual importance.
        
         | lambdaone wrote:
         | It means 'anywhere between being bricked and no problem at all,
         | and we can't give you any idea of how severe or how likely any
         | of those possiblities are'. The only way you can really know is
         | to thorougly audit your system and/or test it. Preferably both.
        
       | AndrewDucker wrote:
       | Telling home users to check that their existing smart devices
       | will still work in 13 years seems like overkill. It seems
       | unlikely that more than a tiny fraction of them will still be in
       | use then, if any.
       | 
       | Businesses installing new smart infrastructure and devices will
       | need to pay attention to this, and in 10-15 years they'll need to
       | work out what to replace, of course.
        
         | 0xDEAFBEAD wrote:
         | Agreed. A serious approach to this problem would be: Identify
         | critical computers which are currently 13+ years old (most
         | likely embedded systems). Assume that the same sorts of systems
         | will be 13+ years old in 2038. Focus on raising awareness with
         | that particular target audience, e.g. give talks about the 2038
         | problem at embedded systems conferences. Try to get it included
         | in university curricula. Etc.
        
       | yapyap wrote:
       | yeah sure.
        
       | drob518 wrote:
       | It's Y2K all over again. Signed? RUFKM?
        
         | Tistron wrote:
         | In 1980, it was probably more important to be able to represent
         | 1960 than 2040, so to me it makes sense they were signed.
        
       | ninjin wrote:
       | Patched in OpenBSD 5.5 [1] which was released in 2014. Patches
       | were upstreamed into software in the ports tree, so hopefully
       | that made life a little bit easier for other operating systems.
       | Linux seems to have followed around 2020.
       | 
       | [1]: https://www.openbsd.org/lyrics.html#55
        
         | fguerraz wrote:
         | Such a shame that nobody uses it.
        
       | jonstewart wrote:
       | I would much prefer we put this off till the last minute so that
       | I have one more job available to me before retirement. Thanks.
        
       | perlgeek wrote:
       | > And what's worse, malicious threat actors can manipulate time
       | synchronization protocols in many cases to trigger this
       | vulnerability at the time of their choosing.
       | 
       | If you switch to 64 bit timestamps, and the network protocol
       | supports dates > 2038, can you then just trigger the rollover
       | bugs by pretending it's 2*64 - 1 seconds after epoch start?
       | 
       | Also, if the actions are potentially so severe, and NTP (or
       | whatever is used) so vulnerable, why haven't we seen many such
       | attacks in the wild?
       | 
       | Update: to be clear I'm not arguing that there isn't a problem,
       | I've already run into it myself. I'm trying to understand how
       | severe it is, how exploitable, and how robust a solution could
       | be.
        
       | mkj wrote:
       | Are they doing anything to fix it or just raising awareness?
       | 
       | Here's an example of measuring packages that report warnings for
       | software that has suspicious conversions. Compile with
       | `-Wconversion` with both 32-bit and 64-bit time_t, and see what
       | the difference is. https://github.com/mkj/yocto-y2038
       | 
       | That is using yocto, but you could probably do something similar
       | with other less-embedded distros too, if you can rebuild the
       | world.
       | 
       | FWIW I didn't find much interesting with that apart from busybox
       | dhcpd.
        
         | rvba wrote:
         | It looks mostly like a project for self promotion of the two
         | authors. Maybe they offer some consulting services.
         | 
         | Funniest is that one of them wrote that they have "learned
         | about it after Y2K bug". I thought one learns about this
         | overflow in a "introduction to programming" class...
        
           | Sardtok wrote:
           | It also says nothing about a formal education, just that he
           | has worked in IT since his teens. I didn't hear of the 2038
           | problem myself until the whole Y2K debacle, but then, I was
           | in my teens at the time.
        
         | zokier wrote:
         | btw yocto has been using 64 bit time_t since last year:
         | https://docs.yoctoproject.org/dev/migration-guides/migration...
        
       | rkapsoro wrote:
       | I've been planning for decades to have a party on that day.
       | 
       | Only 13 years left!
        
       | NelsonMinar wrote:
       | "Epochalypse" is a nice coinage. Not a new one either, this 2017
       | article attributes it to Mikko Hypponen (of F-Secure).
       | https://www.tomsguide.com/us/2038-bug-bh2017,news-25551.html
        
         | teuobk wrote:
         | Goes back at least slightly before that, as I've had
         | 2038epochalypse.com registered since March 2017, but I can't
         | recall whether I thought I was being clever or whether I heard
         | it somewhere else.
        
           | web007 wrote:
           | I've had my "2038 consulting" sites since Feb 2011, but
           | someone got epochalypse dot com registered August 2007.
        
       | blantonl wrote:
       | Eh, I've got 13 years to deal with this. No big deal.
       | 
       | The best thing about waiting until the last minute to fix
       | something is it will only take a minute.
        
       | echelon wrote:
       | Epochalypse is clever. I'd been calling it Y2K38 so it made sense
       | to people outside the industry.
        
       | lkbm wrote:
       | My my
        
       | Retr0id wrote:
       | I worry that for a lot of devices (IoT, etc.), the fix will be
       | "throw it away and buy a new one"
        
       | phtrivier wrote:
       | I witnessed my first y38 bug a couple weeks ago - just as a
       | matter of someone doing forecasting in a system with an incorrect
       | casting.
       | 
       | At least, the good part is that people will get "hunches" about
       | y38, just like you start getting "hunches" about bugs related to
       | locales, time zones, character encodings, currency roundings,
       | etc...
       | 
       | I don't know if there are courses, books, etc... about all those
       | matters that are definitely non "computer sciency", but occupy so
       | much of our engineering time ?
        
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