[HN Gopher] So Much Blood
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       So Much Blood
        
       Author : debesyla
       Score  : 304 points
       Date   : 2025-05-07 09:41 UTC (13 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (dynomight.net)
 (TXT) w3m dump (dynomight.net)
        
       | blakesterz wrote:
       | It's worth a read, even if it's not obvious what it's about from
       | that title.                 "To get the actual data, you need to
       | go through a website maintained by the US Trade Commission. This
       | website has good and bad aspects. On the one hand, it's slow and
       | clunky and confusing and often randomly fails to deliver any
       | results. On the other hand, when you re-submit, it clears your
       | query and then blocks you for submitting too many requests, which
       | is nice."
        
         | andai wrote:
         | On a vaguely related note, I hacked together a WayBack machine
         | type thing on top of Common Crawl in like 50 lines of Python.
         | So it transparently lets you load any page directly from the
         | dumps (it loads only those few bytes from the crawl dumps, and
         | gunzips them).
         | 
         | It was really easy, and I was surprised it apparently hadn't
         | been done before.
         | 
         | The only problem is the index IP blocks you if you query it too
         | often, and it gets queried once for every resource on the page.
         | 
         | I've been informed that there are ways around this (download an
         | index?), does anyone know more about that?
        
           | speerer wrote:
           | This sounds a fantasic idea. Will you be releasing it?
        
           | RestartKernel wrote:
           | Couldn't this still work as a service if you run all queries
           | through the front-end?
        
             | skylerwiernik wrote:
             | I imagine that they'd get blocked by CORS
        
       | boesboes wrote:
       | Funny, because it is illegal to pay donors here. I used to be a
       | donor, but the energy and effort it takes were too much for me at
       | the time. And plasma donors have to 'free up' a lot more time.
       | 
       | Not to mention how i get a cookie and the semi-goverment
       | organisation charges >600EUR for a baggie to hospitals. Someone
       | needs to pay for that CEO's third house and car collection!
        
         | simonw wrote:
         | Which country are you talking about? I believe it's legal to
         | pay donors on the USA.
         | 
         | Presumably a European county given you quoted euros?
         | 
         | Looks like the EU encourages member states to encourage unpaid
         | donations:
         | 
         | > Furthermore, Member States should take measures to promote
         | Community self-sufficiency in human blood or blood components
         | and to encourage voluntary unpaid donations of blood and blood
         | components.
         | 
         | From https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2002/98/oj/eng
        
           | boesboes wrote:
           | Yeah, I am in the Netherlands.
           | 
           | They say paying donors puts them & patients at risk, because
           | it would stimulate donors' to lie about their health when
           | donating and we can't be asked to test blood for everything.
           | And the say it is unethical to pay for human tissues.
           | 
           | Except when they are selling it ;)
        
             | ozornin wrote:
             | I have the same story in the same country with presumably
             | the same organization (Sanquin). I used to give blood, but
             | not anymore because I don't find what they're doing
             | ethical.
        
               | aeternum wrote:
               | Does it just not feel ethical or is one of their claims
               | false?
               | 
               | Both of the key claims do seem to have evidence to
               | support them:
               | 
               | 1) Paying for blood shifts the socioeconomic distribution
               | of the donor pool.
               | 
               | 2) The socioeconomic shift results in more contaminated
               | blood due to greater incidence of drug use and/or related
               | blood-borne diseases that cannot all be tested for with
               | high accuracy.
        
               | amadeuspagel wrote:
               | Surely the second claim would apply even more to the US.
               | So if it's true, how can we import american blood?
        
           | n4r9 wrote:
           | It is legal in the US. In fact you can potentially make a
           | decent bit of money if you're paid $70 per donation and can
           | donate 100 times per year [0]. Don't know if it would be
           | worth the time to travel to the centre and wait in line, for
           | many HN users.
           | 
           | [0] https://www.goodrx.com/health-topic/finance/how-much-
           | donatin...
        
             | psini wrote:
             | You can donate every 3~4 days in the US? In France I
             | believe it is only once every 2 months for men and every 3
             | months for women!
             | 
             | edit: confused plasma donation with blood donation; it is
             | still only every 2 weeks for plasma donations over here
        
             | aidenn0 wrote:
             | You could sell your plasma twice a week in the town I went
             | to college. We also found that it took significantly less
             | alcohol to get drunk if you had nearly a liter less plasma
             | running through your veins, so it would _also_ save us
             | money in the evening!
        
             | mcculley wrote:
             | My understanding, at least where I live, Florida, is that
             | plasma can be sold, but whole blood must be donated. I
             | still get a $25-$35 gift card every time I donate a pint of
             | whole blood (as close as possible to every 8 weeks).
        
           | 3pt14159 wrote:
           | Possibly Canadian, where it isn't legal to buy human blood.
        
         | criddell wrote:
         | Have you actually looked up what how much a blood bank CEO
         | makes? Is it a lot?
         | 
         | Edit: I just did a bit of research and didn't come up with a
         | lot. I found this example [1] where the CEO's total
         | compensation is $414k. That doesn't seem all that high...
         | 
         | [1]:https://givefreely.com/charity-
         | directory/nonprofit/ein-57066...
        
           | boesboes wrote:
           | Well, not in the us. here that is considered an unenthical
           | amount for a semi-public servant.
           | 
           | In 2011 they made 260kEUR, which was at then time about 50%
           | more then our prime minister made. Which is used as a norm to
           | limit how much you are allowed to make when working for
           | public services.
        
             | Permit wrote:
             | Is it enough to have three houses and a car collection as
             | you previously stated?
        
               | skrebbel wrote:
               | Pretty close? Like 80k for your regular living expenses
               | leaves you 180k/y in savings. That's a nice holiday house
               | in France every few years.
               | 
               | I mean to really get to a mansion _and_ multiple holiday
               | houses _and_ a bunch of fancy cars you need to work the
               | job for like 15 years, but still. In NL (where I think GP
               | is from) earning that kind of money qualifies you as
               | "seriously rich". Even more so if the salary got
               | inflation-adjusted since 2011.
        
               | kortilla wrote:
               | Does your country not have taxes? Progressive taxation
               | eats a lot of that quickly and all of the tax benefits of
               | home ownership aren't available for secondary homes.
               | Additionally, vacation homes in desirable vacation places
               | cost even more than normal homes.
               | 
               | Someone making 3x a normal salary is not excessive by any
               | means.
        
           | keybored wrote:
           | > That doesn't seem all that high...
           | 
           | Maybe not that high by SC/HN standards.
        
           | delfinom wrote:
           | That's nothing. In NY, the "non-profit", "New York Blood
           | Center" has a monopoly on blood harvesting, even the Red
           | Cross has no blood drives here as a result.
           | 
           | Their CEO makes $3 million, most of their executives above
           | $400k.
           | 
           | https://projects.propublica.org/nonprofits/organizations/131.
           | .. (look under Compensation)
           | 
           | Fuck this shit.
           | 
           | They also award them bonuses.
           | 
           | They are so bloated that they invest in PE funds with their
           | spare cash.
        
             | treis wrote:
             | I interviewed at a place that made the software to track
             | blood as it moved around. It's a regulated thing to make
             | sure that the blood stays cold and that they can track who
             | donated. Anyways, the point is that the guy who interviewed
             | me casually mentioned that the PE firm bought up companies
             | until they controlled 90% of the market. I'm sure they're
             | making bank off blood as well.
        
           | GuinansEyebrows wrote:
           | I need to shout into the HN void that, yes, $414k is a very
           | high compensation.
        
             | pinkmuffinere wrote:
             | The CEO of a blood bank likely has the skills and
             | connections to be a CEO of many other for-profit companies,
             | where they would make much more than $414k. Intermediate
             | FAANG employees are paid more. I'm perfectly happy that
             | this person gets $414k for their role in _saving lives_.
        
               | GuinansEyebrows wrote:
               | I'm not convinced that any CEO is worth what we generally
               | expect they be paid.
        
               | pinkmuffinere wrote:
               | Emotionally I agree -- what could these people be doing
               | to uniquely add millions of dollars of value? However,
               | the fact that they aren't replaced with cheaper options
               | is (imo) pretty good evidence that they are uniquely
               | worth that pay. If there was a cheaper option, the board
               | of directors would replace the CEO, and enrich themselves
               | and other shareholders with the saved money.
               | 
               | Either way, that's kindof disconnected for the CEO of
               | this bloodbank. Their opportunity cost is quite high.
               | They choose to work for comparatively low pay, but have a
               | positive impact on the world.
        
               | GuinansEyebrows wrote:
               | i think i understand where you're coming from, but i
               | think you're begging the question a little bit (ie, ceo
               | pay is high because it _is_ high).
               | 
               | i do think it's more likely that the executive class has
               | a vested interest in keeping their own pay high (not just
               | CEOs, but board members as you've mentioned), and they've
               | got a lot more class solidarity than the rest of us,
               | though they'd never put it that way - it's just The Way
               | Of Things, you know? divide and conquer.
               | 
               | i should maybe mention that i'm a public employee and my
               | "opportunity cost" is also relatively high, but... hell
               | is hot, and i want to be able to sleep at night.
        
         | -warren wrote:
         | Funny data story time.
         | 
         | I used to operate a database for a large North American alcohol
         | retailer. We had a problem with our data that said that 30% of
         | the ring from a particular store saw the name "A GIFT FOR YOU"
         | on the CC stripe. After months of bitter accusations of my
         | database being incorrect, we flew someone out to investigate.
         | 
         | We found that a block away from the store was a plasma
         | "donation" facility. In order to skirt various laws, when you
         | "donate", you are given a prepaid credit card. The name on the
         | card is "A GIFT FOR YOU". Donators then took that card directly
         | to the alcohol store.
         | 
         | All of the data was correct; 30% of the ring from one store was
         | paid by credit cards from the plasma "donation" facility with
         | "A GIFT FOR YOU" on the card. A large reputational battle then
         | commenced as the retailer thought of themselves as a high-end
         | "wine and craft beer" store, when ultimately it turns out
         | Budweiser pays the bills.
         | 
         | *edited for clarity
        
           | sidewndr46 wrote:
           | There's an industry piece that points out that a remarkable
           | percentage of beer sales in the US are single cans stored
           | cold, sold at convenience stores. Most residents of the US
           | drive to convenience stores. Given that they are buying 1-2
           | cans at a time it doesn't take much in the way of inference
           | to figure out that they are buying them to be consumed while
           | driving.
        
             | stickfigure wrote:
             | I'm not following the logic. Why do you assume they aren't
             | drunk at home?
        
               | sidewndr46 wrote:
               | Pretty much everyone in the US owns a working fridge. If
               | you just want to get drunk at home, you just buy a case
               | of beer and leave it in there. It's actually much cheaper
               | to buy beer by the case in most places
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | Not if you're the type of poor person who buys lottery
               | tickets, cans of beer, and cigarettes by the single.
        
               | IdPreferNotTo wrote:
               | warm beer is better
        
               | bee_rider wrote:
               | Better beer is served warm I think, but much of our beer
               | is not that type.
        
               | Cerium wrote:
               | There are also other good reasons to buy a single can
               | from the fridge. For example, I do it frequently when
               | staying at a hotel.
        
               | bee_rider wrote:
               | Although I also assume people are drinking these beers in
               | the car, it does seem like a bit of a leap... I mean, an
               | alternative is that they just figure they'd rather have
               | the beer ready right when they get home (instead of
               | sticking it in the fridge for a bit).
        
               | jonas21 wrote:
               | But that requires planning ahead. The whole point of a
               | convenience store is that it's a convenient place to get
               | small quantities when you didn't plan ahead, and people
               | are willing to pay a premium for that.
        
               | kortilla wrote:
               | Some people don't want to get drunk or buy a whole case.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | I'd actually be willing to take that bet against the
             | inference. Here's my logic:
             | 
             | The only places that sell individual beers are convenience
             | stores
             | 
             | Some of them are driven too, sure, but lots are also in
             | city areas
             | 
             | Even so, people who only have a few bucks drive to the
             | store where they can buy the beer, and drive home and drink
             | it
             | 
             | If these were common cases, cops would lay in wait and nab
             | them for open container.
        
               | IdPreferNotTo wrote:
               | did you know you can buy a single bottle taken out from a
               | multipack at any us grocery store?
        
               | dbbr wrote:
               | Sauce?
        
               | pixl97 wrote:
               | >If these were common cases, cops would lay in wait and
               | nab them for open container.
               | 
               | I mean, they do. One of the big issues is coverage of
               | enforcement. Here in Texas you see disparities where
               | arrests in big cities converge on public intoxication,
               | where in smaller cities you run into a higher ratio of
               | open container because of cops having time to sit and
               | watch stores.
        
             | raddan wrote:
             | When I was in graduate school, my wife and I bought an
             | affordable house in a neighborhood with a big factory next
             | door. It was otherwise a lovely place, and so my morning
             | jog often took me up and down the rural roads around the
             | factory. On every road within a kilometer of the factory,
             | the roadsides were littered with beer cans. On one
             | particularly early morning, I was running when the late
             | shift got out, and I watched somebody finish work (around
             | 6am), get in their truck, pop open a beer, start driving,
             | and then throw the can out the window as they drove past
             | me. Given the quantity of cans on the roadside, this
             | probably went on for years.
        
             | neutronicus wrote:
             | IDK
             | 
             | I live in Baltimore and I see a lot of people drinking
             | singles out of a paper bag on the corner or their stoop.
             | I've seen it on the bus, too.
             | 
             | Might be more of a hood corner store thing than a rural guy
             | in a pickup buying a beer for the drive home type thing.
        
             | xkcd-sucks wrote:
             | Same thing with nips (1oz liquor bottles) which you see
             | everywhere on roadsides in some parts of the US - The
             | product basically exists to make open containers
             | immediately disposable
        
               | neutronicus wrote:
               | I thought it existed so you could cheaply spike drinks at
               | baseball games
        
               | the_jeremy wrote:
               | The majority of litter on the sidewalks of the through
               | streets near me is those 1oz shooters. Followed by
               | aluminum cans (mostly beer), fast food trash (plastic
               | cups for sauces, disposable drink cups), and then
               | household trash that looks like it flew out of a trash
               | can on windy days (empty boxes, plastic wrappers, a
               | bottle of laundry detergent, etc).
               | 
               | Source: new year's resolution to pick up at least 1 piece
               | of trash per dog walk.
        
             | afandian wrote:
             | Refrigerated beer is not allowed in retail shops in Sweden!
             | Tangential but interesting.
             | 
             | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systembolaget
        
               | dehrmann wrote:
               | Their mission statement:
               | 
               | https://www.omsystembolaget.se/english/systembolaget-
               | explain...
        
             | nfriedly wrote:
             | The obvious solution is better public transit!
             | 
             | (Joking.. but not really.)
        
               | AStonesThrow wrote:
               | Speaking of public transit: bus stops and train stations
               | are prime locations to drink your singlet can of beer and
               | drop it on the ground, in a planter, or just leave it on
               | a seat for someone else to move it later.
               | 
               | While it is not easy to drink an open container on a bus
               | or train, drunks will consistently stop in a nearby
               | convenience store, have a cold one before boarding, and
               | leave it there for others to clean up. I suspect that a
               | high percentage of convenience-store sales for singlet
               | cans and bottles may be attributed to pedestrians and
               | transit passengers.
        
             | nicbou wrote:
             | For some people, a beer is a once-in-a-while add-on to
             | their purchase, a bit like a chocolate bar. I rarely drink
             | at home but I can be tempted by a balcony beer when the
             | weather is right.
        
             | kortilla wrote:
             | This isn't a correct assumption. I buy one or two singles
             | to drink at home when I don't feel like committing to a
             | whole six pack.
             | 
             | And I buy them cold because I want them right when I get
             | home. Not after an hour of cooling down in the fridge.
        
         | e_i_pi_2 wrote:
         | On the other side, it is legal to pay donors where I am, but
         | then it makes it feel like a waste to donate because you could
         | be getting paid for it
        
           | tshaddox wrote:
           | No more of a waste than, say, any monetary donation.
        
         | riversflow wrote:
         | Yeah, same. Illegal to pay donors here too. I've donated
         | multiple gallons, kinda felt it was my duty as a driver on the
         | road... but at some point I came in to donate and got told they
         | were extra short staffed and I'd have to wait at least an hour.
         | The clinics already have terrible hours that seem to mostly
         | cater to retirees, never open in the evenings and most clinics
         | are closed on the weekends too, the one nearest me that I was
         | going to stopped opening on the weekend entirely, meaning I had
         | to travel quite a ways. I'm basically poor and the cost in
         | terms of time, travel, energy and food is not insignificant.
         | Meanwhile the high level staff making the cuts to the clinics
         | have secretaries to reply to the emails they solicit from
         | donors. Even though I sent them a long, insightful email, with
         | followups, about my detailing why they are struggling as a
         | young millennial (supposedly an audience they are trying to
         | attract), and after all of it I get phone calls from the
         | vampires minimum twice a week every week, sometimes every day.
        
       | declan_roberts wrote:
       | Do we really have 38% of Europe's BLOOD as a bargaining chip in
       | trade agreements? This does not bode well for them.
        
         | busterarm wrote:
         | Globalization has led to most countries deluding themselves
         | about supply chain vulnerabilities for a long time. COVID was
         | the first shock. Now Trump's tariffs are the second.
        
           | kspacewalk2 wrote:
           | However, I think people grossly overestimate the degree to
           | which this state of affairs is static. If the supply chain
           | shows itself to be vulnerable, economies often adjust quite
           | easily. Even when it's not "easy", like natural gas in Europe
           | post-2022, it's still very much doable without too much
           | hullabaloo and frozen seniors.
           | 
           | Point being: if it no longer makes sense to import 38% of
           | blood from the US or whatever, it'll be imported from
           | elsewhere or made locally, and that's pretty much the whole
           | story. This is true of most goods and services, though not
           | all.
        
             | busterarm wrote:
             | That's only really true for raw materials and assemblies.
             | 
             | Chip production is the very obvious and real hole in this
             | argument. It'll take half to a full decade to get new chip
             | fabs up to what TSMC's Taiwan fabs are doing now.
             | 
             | Quality steel production and machining is going to take
             | time and investment as well.
        
         | abxyz wrote:
         | it's outsourcing by choice rather than necessity. Europe can
         | grow its own blood. The much more permissive laws in the U.S.
         | which cause an oversupply for local usage mean it's cheaper to
         | import it. During periods of high demand that exceed current
         | supplies, countries are typically able to increase donations
         | substantially to cover the shortfall, and long term, could
         | pursue similar laws to the U.S. There is no prospect of blood
         | being a meaningful bargaining chip in a trade war.
        
           | Sanzig wrote:
           | Yep, blood donation infrastructure isn't like an oil pipeline
           | or a refinery. Sure, it'll be painful for a little while, but
           | it doesn't take nearly as long to set up, especially if
           | there's an urgent shortage motivating a country to move fast.
        
             | debo_ wrote:
             | Yes, all the blood economy needs is a shot in the arm.
        
         | layer8 wrote:
         | Denying the blood would _increase_ the US trade deficit though,
         | so it would cut both ways.
        
         | keybored wrote:
         | People could just donate more. Just make a campaign that you
         | can Stick it to Trump and Help Your Country and you would get
         | an influx of plasma.
         | 
         | As long as the demand is not steep. Since you can do it only a
         | dozen or so times each year according to recommendations.
         | (American Red Cross recommends every 28 days; _private_ donors
         | are not beholden to that)
        
         | tomjen3 wrote:
         | You also have most of our digital services.
         | 
         | Use either as a bargening chip and you are likely to lose them.
        
         | riskable wrote:
         | Blood from US
         | 
         | Sweat from China
         | 
         | Tears from everywhere else
        
         | pkaye wrote:
         | In the past the WHO recommended countries don't compensate for
         | blood or plasma donations. The following countries countries
         | decided to still allow compensation for plasma donations for
         | drug products: Austria, the Czech Republic, Germany, and the
         | US.
         | 
         | Its just that the US has the largest population of these five
         | countries. And generally the rest of the countries outside the
         | five don't get sufficient plasma donations to make the drug
         | products needed for their patients and have to import it.
         | 
         | The plasma can be separated out to different products to treat
         | various diseases many of them genetic.
         | 
         | https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/approved-blood-...
         | 
         | The only ones to hold accountable are the WHO and those
         | countries that followed their advice. If more countries paid
         | for plasma donations there would be more supply of these drug
         | products available.
        
       | AlfredBarnes wrote:
       | A nice write up! Thanks for making it.
       | 
       | I used to donate ever opportunity I could. I only stopped for
       | medical reasons. I know there are a lot of companies that sell
       | the blood, but it's still needed and can save a life.
        
       | weinzierl wrote:
       | 0.5% of all goods is still _a lot_ and much more than most people
       | would have expected.
       | 
       | Also interesting: _" In 2023, total US goods exports were $2,045
       | billion, almost exactly  2/3  of all exports, including
       | services."_
        
         | Havoc wrote:
         | It's because the US has a massive blood for money industry
         | while other countries explicitly ban payments.
         | 
         | That distorts supply/demand between countries
        
           | sidewndr46 wrote:
           | if I understand correctly you can only sell "plasma" which is
           | just one component of blood
        
             | orwin wrote:
             | And less dangerous to the donor to harvest I think.
        
       | hlovdal wrote:
       | The podcast https://behindthebastards.com/ had two episodes about
       | the surprisingly large export of blood (products) from USA.
       | Spoiler alert, it is mainly rooted in exploitation of the
       | insanely large prison population:
       | 
       | https://www.iheart.com/podcast/105-behind-the-bastards-29236...
       | 
       | https://www.iheart.com/podcast/105-behind-the-bastards-29236...
        
       | aezell wrote:
       | Bummed there wasn't one vampire joke or pun or allusion in this
       | entire article.
        
         | panzagl wrote:
         | Or Garth Marenghi quote.
        
       | fmsf wrote:
       | Fascinating article, fun that even blood has tariffs
       | https://www.searchtariff.com/?q=blood
       | 
       | I wonder when we are going to start seeing proper effects of all
       | these tariffs in the market.
       | 
       | Disclaimer: I am the founder of DataLinks which in turn powers
       | the searchtariff website
        
       | ilikecakeandpie wrote:
       | Behind the Bastards recently did a two part podcast on the blood
       | industry in America, particularly how lack of regulation and
       | taking advantage of the incarcerated (focused on Arkansas) led to
       | the spread of blood borne illnesses and how it killed a lot of
       | people. I had no idea blood was such big business and that it was
       | in our top 10 domestic exports
       | 
       | https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/part-one-how-tainted-h...
        
         | tvier wrote:
         | > and that it was in our top 10 domestic exports
         | 
         | Note that a main point of the article is that it is _not_ in
         | the US ' top 10 exports
        
           | ilikecakeandpie wrote:
           | Well one of these has to be incorrect then as this was said
           | it was the US's ninth largest export
           | 
           | https://app.podscribe.com/episode/130950753
        
             | abound wrote:
             | Like the GP said, the whole topic of this article is
             | getting an accurate figure, and how the 2%/9th largest
             | figure is incorrect.
        
               | jknoepfler wrote:
               | Incorrect, yes, but to be fair .67% and 2% occupy the
               | same "wow, that's a large proportion of the economy"
               | order-or-magnitude band of surprise (for me). Obviously
               | not as charismatic/sensational, but still significant and
               | surprising (to me).
        
             | tekla wrote:
             | BtB is not a serious news source, its mostly ragebait.
        
         | make3 wrote:
         | I remember reading that the presence of for profit prisons in
         | an area increases the rates of incarceration in that area. So
         | many of them have heavily under minimum wage, almost free
         | forced work, and now blood harvesting. Modern USA is so
         | dystopian in a lot of places
        
       | ParacelsusOfEgg wrote:
       | I think there might be some confusion by commenters in this
       | thread about selling blood in the US.
       | 
       | Blood can be separated out into its plasma, red blood cells, and
       | platelets by an apheresis machine. The machine cycles the unused
       | components back into the donar so only one component is donated.
       | 
       | Blood plasma (~55% by volume), the amber colored water and
       | disolved proteins, can be sold. Red blood cells (~44% by volume),
       | and platelets (~1% by volume) can NOT be sold in the US by
       | donars.
       | 
       | Most blood drives that you'd experience at school or in the
       | workplace takes whole blood (so there is no need for the
       | apheresis machine) which is more exhausting than if just one of
       | the components was taken.
       | 
       | Source: an O+ blood donar with 50+ pints donated.
        
         | smallpipe wrote:
         | Didn't expect to see Thor mentioned so much in a comment about
         | blood donations
        
           | dvaun wrote:
           | Fun reference (I had to look up what you meant).
           | 
           | For anyone reading: Donar is "Old High German" for Thor.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thor#Post-Roman_era
        
         | Symmetry wrote:
         | Mostly because its a lot harder to acquire an infection via
         | plasma, though there are some diseases like Hepatitis E that
         | can be transmitted that way.
        
         | hamaluik wrote:
         | Plasma can be used outside of prophylactics as well, I don't
         | think this is accounted for in the article (human plasma is
         | used in cosmetics for example).
         | 
         | A lot of plasma is also separated out of whole-blood donations
         | and manufactured into all sorts of things. I don't know all of
         | the end-user financial ramifications of this, but hospitals
         | absolutely do pay (sometimes quite a pretty penny depending on
         | rarity of antigens and antibodies) for RBCs and platelets (and
         | plasma) from suppliers like the American Red Cross.
         | 
         | Purely anecdotally, I have heard stories of some donors being
         | compensated extremely handsomely for their regular donations
         | because of the rarity of their blood attributes - even being
         | flown across the country and wined and dined to obtain their
         | blood on top of thousands of dollars per donation.
        
         | bee_rider wrote:
         | Am I misremembering that, also, donating plasma for whatever
         | reason tends to be much rougher on the donor for some reason?
        
       | mehulashah wrote:
       | First -- 0.69% of total exports is blood still is surprisingly
       | high! Remember, you can get blood from humans in your own
       | country, and prepare it there. So, why do you need it from the
       | US?
       | 
       | Second -- it's amazing the detail that you can achieve from
       | public data.
       | 
       | Third -- I'm left wondering if a true "Deep Research" like tool
       | would be able to provide the same analysis. I find that Deep
       | Research is fine for secondary sources, but not for Deep Analysis
       | of primary source data.
        
         | youainti wrote:
         | The reason the US exports blood products is because it is one
         | of 5 countries that allow commercial blood product harvesting.
         | Well, at least plasma. I don't remember which organization it
         | is, but there is an international organization that tries to
         | get countries to be "self-sufficient" in blood products so that
         | they are not internationally traded (the organization is
         | something like WHO, UN, or Red Cross). Only those 5 countries
         | that allow some level of commercialization actually meet their
         | goals of being self sufficient (and export as on top of that).
         | 
         | Source: A guest lecture at my university by Al Roth, Nobel
         | prize-winner in economics, who is currently focusing his work
         | on these type of markets. Most of his work is on kidney
         | exchanges right now.
        
           | ajkjk wrote:
           | Man it is weird that the word for that is "harvesting".
        
             | bliteben wrote:
             | Just wait till these robot maximalists figure out that a
             | pile of oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen is much
             | cheaper than robots made out of steel and carbon fiber.
        
               | caycep wrote:
               | I mean, they haven't glommed onto the daily experience of
               | giving a kid a snickers bar and asking them a question is
               | cheaper than building a nuclear reactor to power GPT4o
               | levels of LLM...
        
               | jjmarr wrote:
               | If we could directly convert the food energy of a
               | Snickers bar to electricity we could easily power AI. A
               | Snickers bar has 250 kcal, which is 1000 kJ or about 250
               | grams of TNT.[https://www.wolframalpha.com/input?i=250+kc
               | al+in+joule] chatgpt-4 uses 3.6 kJ to 36 kJ per query so
               | you could get potentially hundreds of queries on a single
               | Snickers bar.
               | 
               | We only need a way to harness the power of the human
               | body. Maybe we put people in VR for fun while using their
               | body heat to power the AI.
        
               | spookie wrote:
               | The snickers bar allows more than a single query for the
               | human though
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | Temporarily, on the margin. A human would need multiple
               | Snickers bars per day to survive, and can't survive on
               | Snickers bars alone for more than couple days or weeks.
               | 
               | Also no human is anywhere close to being as knowledgeable
               | and skilled as LLMs _at all the things at the same time_
               | , so it hardly even compares.
        
               | drilbo wrote:
               | _days?_ Pretty sure I could survive at least a couple
               | years off snicker bars
        
               | kortilla wrote:
               | > and can't survive on Snickers bars alone for more than
               | couple days or weeks.
               | 
               | lol, the spoiled times we live in that you think this.
               | The human body is capable of surviving on very little.
               | 
               | A thing with protein, fat and sugar would sustain you for
               | incredible amounts of time. Many many months if not
               | years.
        
               | jjmarr wrote:
               | I don't think I could write lengthy responses to hundreds
               | of questions on a singular Snickers bar. I would need
               | multiple.
        
               | caycep wrote:
               | But then eventually you need Keanu Reeves to put boundary
               | conditions on the AI
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | I was watching The Matrix Revolutions last night with my
               | 14-year old. At one point, he told me "hey, that looks
               | like ... Keanu Reeves"
        
               | pfdietz wrote:
               | If a person costs $100K/year to employ, at $0.10/kWh that
               | would buy 1 GWh/year, or a steady power of over 100 kW.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | They're fully aware of the obvious fact that _LLMs are
               | getting better at reasoning than humans_ at scale in
               | general, and this includes power efficiency too.
               | Meanwhile, what is _not_ getting comparably better is
               | robotics. This leads to obvious conclusion about natural
               | order of things and division of labor: _computers are for
               | thinking, humans are for doing manual labor_.
        
               | caycep wrote:
               | Well, don't blame me, _I_ voted for Kodos...
        
               | autoexec wrote:
               | > the obvious fact that LLMs are getting better at
               | reasoning than humans
               | 
               | I wanted to say that you were wrong, that LLMs can't
               | reason and so it certainly isn't an obvious truth that
               | they do it better than humans, but when I asked AI if
               | LLMs can reason it told me that they can't which (while
               | still not being reasoned by the LLM) seems to support the
               | spirit of your claim since it gave a correct answer while
               | you (a presumed human that can reason) got it wrong.
        
               | umanwizard wrote:
               | How are you defining "reasoning"?
        
               | autoexec wrote:
               | That seems to be the hangup. I have to use a definition
               | that would put it on equal footing to what we do as
               | humans since that's the comparison being made.
               | 
               | Computers and software can be said to "understand",
               | "think", and "reason" in their own way and informally
               | people have always used those words in that context.
               | Recently, software which has been trained on human-
               | reasoned output is producing text that mimics reasoning
               | well enough that it can be confused for the real thing,
               | but nobody has been able to show that any reasoning (as a
               | human reasons) is what's occurring.
        
               | umanwizard wrote:
               | You didn't answer my question.
        
               | falcor84 wrote:
               | To all of you complaining about LLMs hallucinating, do
               | try to give the same prompt to a kid on a sugar rush and
               | let me know if you're getting more reliable responses.
        
             | przemub wrote:
             | Pretty accurate though!
        
             | aziaziazi wrote:
             | I had that weird moment a few days ago learning that word
             | is also used when you slaughter a (non human) animal:
             | 
             | "The chickens are harvest when they're 32 days old"
             | 
             | Let's sprout some semence in the cow (or not).
        
               | aaronbaugher wrote:
               | If that sounds weird, the term around here for butchering
               | chickens is "dressing" them, as in, "We're going to dress
               | chickens today."
        
           | hamilyon2 wrote:
           | The other countries also export a lot of blood, just
           | illegally. Those exports might count as US exports in
           | statistics for laundering reasons.
        
         | cubefox wrote:
         | > Third -- I'm left wondering if a true "Deep Research" like
         | tool would be able to provide the same analysis.
         | 
         | Note that this analysis was performed by Dynonight, a rather
         | bright blogger whose articles appeared several times on the HN
         | front page. The vast majority of humans (I include myself here)
         | probably wouldn't be able to achieve a result of comparable
         | quality, even if it doesn't look that hard in retrospect.
         | 
         | LLM Deep Research can already exceed the performance of not-so-
         | bright humans, but it is a quite different matter to outperform
         | smart people like Dynomight. (I guess "research experts" isn't
         | quite the right term here. The mentioned journalist from The
         | Economist apparently was unable to research the topic to a
         | similar degree, even though research is a main part of his/her
         | job.)
        
         | derefr wrote:
         | > Remember, you can get blood from humans in your own country,
         | and prepare it there. So, why do you need it from the US?
         | 
         | Random hypothesis:
         | 
         | * equipment needs for uranium enrichment for Manhattan project
         | in 1940s
         | 
         | => US cornering the market on centrifuges (in both a "we buy
         | them all" sense and a "we won't let companies sell them to
         | other state actors in quantity" sense) for decades
         | 
         | => US biomedical manufacturing of anything requiring
         | centrifuging as a step, quickly outstripping that of all other
         | countries
         | 
         | => eventual global logistical dependence on US-based suppliers
         | for such products
        
           | philipkglass wrote:
           | Centrifuge enrichment was considered for the Manhattan
           | Project but rejected because early experiments encountered
           | many problems:
           | 
           | https://www.osti.gov/opennet/manhattan-project-
           | history/Proce...
           | 
           | Centrifuge uranium enrichment wasn't developed to an
           | industrial scale until the 1960s, and it first happened
           | outside the United States:
           | 
           | https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-
           | fuel-c...
        
           | daedrdev wrote:
           | In reality simply that the US lets you pay people for blood
           | plasma, an the market does the rest.
           | 
           | There are similar arguments made for kidney donation. Paying
           | people a set amount kidneys is exploiting the poor, but most
           | those who need kidneys are not well off and there is an
           | enormous shortage causing massive shortages, so some argue
           | that we should pay since society would be net better off.
        
         | hwillis wrote:
         | Well GPT-4o just insisted over and over that it was getting 500
         | errors while refusing to actually check the page. So... not
         | yet.
        
         | Lerc wrote:
         | > _Third -- I'm left wondering if a true "Deep Research" like
         | tool would be able to provide the same analysis. I find that
         | Deep Research is fine for secondary sources, but not for Deep
         | Analysis of primary source data._
         | 
         | In the searches I have done Google's "Deep Research" has been
         | better at providing primary data (or very convincingly
         | fabricating).
         | 
         | OpenAI's version seems to more likely to give the answer that
         | everybody thinks is true. For the blood example I could see it
         | finding many sources that repeat the 2% claim, and accept that
         | because everyone seems to agree, then it must be right. That's
         | a mixed blessing in that maybe most casual users might want the
         | commonly accepted answer, but when I have used the deep
         | research tools, it has almost always because I know the answer
         | everybody gives for a particular question, but I suspect it
         | might not be based in reality. This makes my reason for wanting
         | an automated deep research tool coinciding with the weakest
         | area of the tool itself.
         | 
         | It's also been a bit eye opening how often commonly repeated
         | but poorly founded claims, seem to turn up the same names of
         | individuals, (or organisations, or individuals pretending to be
         | organisations) as you trace them back.
        
       | femiagbabiaka wrote:
       | Plasma from teachers who don't get paid enough to cover the bills
       | shipped to Europe. There's a great sci-fi novel in there.
        
         | iamthepieman wrote:
         | The film "Never Let Me Go"[0] is kind of about that.
         | 
         | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Never_Let_Me_Go_(2010_film)
        
       | morninglight wrote:
       | Market trends show this as a growing industry in the 2025
       | economy.
       | 
       | https://www.cslplasma.com/be-rewarded
        
       | aeternum wrote:
       | Excellent writeup. Is there any aggregator that focuses on "let's
       | look at the actual data" articles like this?
        
         | archermarks wrote:
         | Dynomight (the author of this article) does a lot of articles
         | like this, and if you enjoyed it you'll enjoy their other
         | content.
        
       | 11235813213455 wrote:
       | I donate a lot to mosquitoes
        
         | coolspot wrote:
         | Bzzz?
        
       | caycep wrote:
       | Also - it might be worth looking in donations from Mex/canada.
       | The anecdotal tidbit is that during Trump I with the border
       | shenanigans and COVID, the drop in Mexican nationals crossing the
       | border to donate blood/plasma (paid opportunities apparently),
       | led to a nationwide shortage of derived products like IV IG
       | infusions, etc. At least according to some of the Pharma reps
       | that passed thru the office
        
       | andai wrote:
       | The article links to this, which I also enjoyed.
       | 
       | "Please show lots of digits"
       | 
       | https://dynomight.net/digits/
        
       | ch33zer wrote:
       | Does anyone know of, when I give blood to the red cross or other
       | charities can it end up getting sold for a profit, overseas or
       | otherwise?
        
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