[HN Gopher] The complicated business of electing a Doge
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       The complicated business of electing a Doge
        
       Author : dr_dshiv
       Score  : 43 points
       Date   : 2025-05-04 19:14 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.theballotboy.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.theballotboy.com)
        
       | meew0 wrote:
       | Reading about this process always makes me wonder: in a
       | particular round, was an elector allowed to choose someone who
       | had already been chosen in a previous round? And if yes, to what
       | extent was this done in practice?
       | 
       | Depending on this detail, the character of this election process
       | changes completely, since if repeats are allowed, it could easily
       | degenerate into an oligarchy of ~50 people consistently choosing
       | candidates from among their ranks.
        
         | rapht wrote:
         | Agreed. Also, could an elector be nominated to the next round?
         | (i.e. does becoming an elector prevent you from winning the
         | election)
        
         | pie_flavor wrote:
         | When fifty decisionmakers are involved, nothing whatsoever
         | could occur 'easily'. That is more or less the purpose of the
         | system.
        
           | andrewflnr wrote:
           | Eh, there will be a lot they don't agree on, but they could
           | very easily agree on lots of stuff that's detrimental to the
           | populace, i.e. mainly agree on who gets the spoils of
           | exploiting the government. That's plenty to incentivize them
           | to limit their competition to just each other.
        
       | PhilipRoman wrote:
       | Here is a fun paper with rigorous analysis of the protocol:
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40573814
       | 
       | "Electing the Doge of Venice: analysis of a 13th Century
       | protocol"
       | 
       | Also some more discussion:
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38598171
        
       | dr_dshiv wrote:
       | The generalized term for the use of random selection in
       | governance is called "Sortition" and has roots in Ancient Athens:
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sortition
        
         | wahern wrote:
         | A few Orthodox churches select their patriarch by random
         | selection, except it's from a handful of candidates selected by
         | other means. The Oriental Coptic Orthodox Church ultimately
         | chooses their patriarch using a blindfolded child who pulls a
         | name from a chalice.
        
         | parpfish wrote:
         | I'm curious if a sortition would work for passing legislation.
         | 
         | Instead of wrangling legislators and trading favors to get
         | exactly 50%+1 votes, have the pass/fail determined by a single
         | randomly selected voter. It would encourage much more
         | cooperation and broad consensus building because a bill that
         | gets 50%+1 votes isn't 50/50 pass fail.
         | 
         | (Of course you'd need some sort of rate limiting so you
         | couldn't just keep spamming votes until it passes)
        
       | Telemakhos wrote:
       | I read through the previous discussions of this, and this article
       | and the previous discussions seem to overlook two things that
       | could have some power to explain the weirdness.
       | 
       | First, the development of the process: the system described came
       | into effect in 1268, because previous systems had failed to
       | satisfy fears of factionalism. IA bit earlier in 1229, a simple,
       | one-round electoral council of 40 had stalemated, so lots were
       | drawn, leading to a feud between the Dandolo family and the
       | winner, Giacomo Tiepolo. Giacomo's son Lorenzo Tiepolo was the
       | first elected under the 1268 system, which Nicolao Michele seems
       | to have devised. Not mentioned in the article or discussions is
       | the rule that the men selected were 30 years or older. [0] The
       | violent factionalism and feuding preceding the new system,
       | however, seems to indicate that oligarchs were fiercely
       | competitive. The aristocrats were always going to choose some one
       | aristocrat from their own ranks, but they were strongly divided
       | against each other as well. I'm not sure there would be a solid
       | faction of fifty or so to monopolize the process, especially
       | given the random selections.
       | 
       | Secondly, those random selections by lottery, combined with the
       | opening of the article ("an official went to pray in St. Mark's
       | Basilica, grabbed the first boy he could find in the piazza")
       | points to another participant in this process, God. While today
       | we tend to think of election protocols in terms of human actors,
       | sortition can imply belief in divine providence taking a hand.
       | The nomination and approval of candidates (election) at least
       | nominally uses human estimation of merit as its input, while
       | sortition gives divine knowledge of merit a role. The intertwined
       | repetition of the two may have been thought to negotiate a best
       | possible outcome from each set of inputs; in practice, against
       | the backdrop of feuding and factionalism, it likely also made the
       | ultimate 41 electors unpredictable and thus less prone to bribery
       | or prior arrangements.
       | 
       | [0] https://origin-
       | rh.web.fordham.edu/halsall/source/dogesvenice...
        
       | dang wrote:
       | [stub for offtopicness]
        
         | kookamamie wrote:
         | [flagged]
        
           | userbinator wrote:
           | HN's automatic title case editing made me consider the same.
           | 
           | Of course, the reason this article showed up may be because
           | of the pun.
        
         | wkat4242 wrote:
         | [flagged]
        
           | hoppp wrote:
           | It's not that doge.
        
       | Nezteb wrote:
       | TIL what a "Doge" is: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doge_(title)
        
       | crop_rotation wrote:
       | Unrelated but I remember reading that the Doge of venice was the
       | first person ever to be buried in the Hagia Sophia in
       | Constantinople.
        
         | Apocryphon wrote:
         | Venetians big stunting on the Eastern Christians since the
         | Fourth Crusade
        
       | dostick wrote:
       | All countries still use electoral systems where people are
       | elected to represent the causes and views. And parties to
       | organise those people and views. It's ineffective and prone to
       | corruption and subjectivity of representatives and money
       | interests beginning with influence on elections. Solving of any
       | issue can be delayed indefinitely if representatives don't feel
       | like it's urgent.
       | 
       | In computer age it's long overdue to have a modern system with
       | people directly voting for issues and causes and not represented
       | by any middlemen.
        
         | hnbad wrote:
         | You're describing direct democracy. For an alternative with
         | fewer downsides consider liquid democracy:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid_democracy
         | 
         | If you like the general idea behind this and would like to see
         | it in a bottom-up organizational structure rather than an
         | established state, consider democratic confederalism:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_confederalism
        
           | yupitsme123 wrote:
           | I think referendums and plebiscites on specific issues are
           | always a possibility even without the whole system being a
           | direct democracy. I've always wondered why other countries
           | have used them but the US never has.
        
             | thayne wrote:
             | I don't know of cases where the US federal government uses
             | them, but it isn't that uncommon for state or local
             | governments to have them. Although the laws around them
             | differ between jurisdictions.
        
         | TeaBrain wrote:
         | >prone to corruption and subjectivity of representatives
         | 
         | The political assembly of Venice recognized this, which
         | influenced their decision to introduce randomness via lotteries
         | into the process.
        
       | NemoNobody wrote:
       | Thanks for sharing that! I've read a lot about Venice and knew of
       | their complicated electoral process but it seems that was quite
       | an understatement.
       | 
       | That's absolutely bizarre. I'm sure if we had time to play it out
       | a bit, there are ways to game that system easily enough, but it'd
       | be really hard to see that from the outside.
        
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       (page generated 2025-05-04 23:00 UTC)