[HN Gopher] The US has approved CRISPR pigs for food
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The US has approved CRISPR pigs for food
        
       Author : DocFeind
       Score  : 122 points
       Date   : 2025-05-03 14:32 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.technologyreview.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.technologyreview.com)
        
       | andsoitis wrote:
       | I can already see CRISPR Bacon(tm) in our future.
        
         | janice1999 wrote:
         | I get it's a joke, but this won't be advertised to consumers.
         | The current US administration (and previous ones to a lesser
         | extent) oppose food labeling regulations. It's one of the main
         | "non-tariff trade barriers" they complain about to the EU.
        
           | barbazoo wrote:
           | What's the idea behind it? Just anti consumer or is there a
           | reasonable angle?
        
             | conception wrote:
             | Eats into profits and increases accountability.
        
             | justin66 wrote:
             | I believe they prefer the term "pro-business."
        
             | estebank wrote:
             | If someone doesn't care one way or another, the label is
             | useless. If someone has a positive opinion, the label helps
             | the consumer seek it out. If someone has a negative
             | opinion, the label helps the consumer avoid the product. If
             | they fight against labeling it is because they consider
             | that the third group is or can become bigger than the
             | second.
        
               | ryandrake wrote:
               | I mean, that's so vague that it can be said about
               | anything: Some people think X is positive and will buy
               | the product and some people think X is negative and won't
               | buy the product. Pretty obvious.
               | 
               | The purpose of food labels is to increase safety,
               | transparency and honesty around the contents of food.
               | Companies who oppose safety, transparency or honesty
               | and/or produce products with questionable contents will
               | oppose labels and companies who support safety,
               | transparency and honesty will support them. I don't know
               | many end-consumers who oppose labels themselves. But they
               | will oppose products that contain questionable
               | ingredients, so transparency is bad for companies that
               | produce those products.
        
               | tbrownaw wrote:
               | > _and companies who support safety, transparency and
               | honesty will support them._
               | 
               | Not quite.
               | 
               | Companies who can use the official labels to back up
               | their own advertising campaigns will support them. (I
               | know people who think that having a label for something
               | is evidence of that thing being good or bad. No, it's
               | evidence that someone thought that expending the effort
               | to convince the government to have that label would have
               | a positive return.)
               | 
               | Companies with more ability to amortize regulatory
               | overhead (relative to their competitors) will support
               | them, because for then that overhead is itself a
               | competitive advantage.
        
               | johnny22 wrote:
               | like gluten free on corn chips
        
               | ThunderSizzle wrote:
               | > The purpose of food labels is to increase safety,
               | transparency and honesty around the contents of food.
               | 
               | USDA Organic label is rampant with fraud, and just having
               | thr USDA label on it isn't a guarantee of trust.
               | Similarly, the AHA endorsing oils blatantly bad for the
               | heart is also similar example how labeling doesn't
               | promote trust necessarily. Labels can and do lie, quite
               | often even.
        
               | amanaplanacanal wrote:
               | I just want the label to tell me what's in the product. I
               | can then make my own decision as to whether I think
               | that's healthy or not.
        
               | AStonesThrow wrote:
               | > just want the label to tell me what's in the product
               | 
               | You will never, ever get that. It's simply impossible.
               | Label games are the biggest legal tug-of-war between
               | consumers, regulators, vendors, and the industries.
               | 
               | When I began reading about labeling and its regulation,
               | and all the bullshit tricks that are played to "stay
               | compliant" but also lie out their asses to the consumer,
               | and hide everything from us, I concluded that there is no
               | way to truly read a label properly.
               | 
               | It basically comes down to a question of whether you
               | trust this vendor or provider to give you a quality
               | product. If you do not trust, then do not purchase. If
               | they play games and lose trust, then do not purchase.
               | Once you have a decent-sized blacklist, then there is no
               | reason not to patronize those survivors.
        
               | encrypted_bird wrote:
               | I'm genuinely curious to learn more. Do you have any
               | good, reputable sources that you can recommend reading?
               | (No videos please.)
        
               | ThunderSizzle wrote:
               | That's the double edged sword. Requiring labeling doesn't
               | prevent label fraud, and pretending label fraud is rare
               | is either naive or obtuse.
               | 
               | Oversight is then called for (eg USDA organic) which
               | itself can still be frauded around, especially when
               | dealing with sources outside of the US.
               | 
               | I'm reminded of a tiktok that had raw chicken labeled
               | with a particular weight at Walmart. When they weighed it
               | on a checkout scale, it didn't match the weight the label
               | had. On multiple packages.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | So basically, vague "it is impossible to make
               | inspections"?
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | The median label is transparent and honest but that's not
               | a guarantee, especially when marketing gets involved.
               | Plenty of companies will make statements that are true
               | but opaque, dishonest, and unrelated to safety. And
               | they'll support any labeling standard that helps them
               | along those lines.
        
             | tbrownaw wrote:
             | The generic arguments against that sort of thing are
             | distortion when the category boundaries are a bit off from
             | where they should be, and overhead where any time you do
             | anything there's extra compliance paperwork and delays.
             | 
             | Overhead in particular can be rather stifling. For example
             | environmental reviews for large projects have reached a
             | "the process is the punishment" level of overhead.
        
           | jfengel wrote:
           | The EU already refuses to import American chicken (over
           | sanitary practices) and has limitations on beef (over
           | hormones).
           | 
           | They'll ban American pork entirely if we can't guarantee that
           | the GMO pork are excluded.
        
         | johnohara wrote:
         | Are you declaring first use?
        
         | theGeatZhopa wrote:
         | The new job at McDonald's: CRISPRer - your one job is to take
         | the bacon and grill it crispy.
        
         | charliebwrites wrote:
         | I'd flip it:
         | 
         | If I ran a bacon company and I didn't have CRISPR pigs I'd
         | advertise in large red print
         | 
         | "CRISPR Free"
         | 
         | Or
         | 
         | "Non-genetically modified"
         | 
         | People are afraid of lab grown meat already, they'll be
         | terrified of CRISPR meat
         | 
         | My competition won't be able to advertise the same
        
           | nothercastle wrote:
           | If this becomes common it will be illegal to label food as
           | gmo free
        
           | Aloisius wrote:
           | Sure. And I'd advertise in large print, "PRRS Virus Free"
           | 
           | Considering the prevalence of PRRSV, it would be difficult
           | for farms with non-CRISPRed pigs to say the same.
           | 
           | Scare tactics can work both ways here.
        
             | smallnix wrote:
             | Farms without immune pigs can still claim it. Do some
             | sampling tests, culling etc and call the product "virus
             | free". But calling modified pigs not modified is tougher, I
             | think.
        
       | ksec wrote:
       | >Regulations have eased since then, especially around gene
       | editing, which tinkers with an animal's own DNA rather than
       | adding to it from another species, as is the case with the salmon
       | and many GMO crops.
       | 
       | And people wonder why EU ( and UK ) doesn't allow much US
       | agriculture import.
        
         | maxerickson wrote:
         | What sort of regulation do you think should apply to germ line
         | editing to inactivate a particular gene?
         | 
         | Like is a blanket ban the only reasonable approach?
        
           | Natsu wrote:
           | This seems to be a small edit to a single receptor to keep
           | pigs from getting a particular disease by not allowing the
           | virus to enter their cells. It's hard to see how helping pigs
           | stay healthy could have a negative impact on human health,
           | but a lot of people are against eating things that are
           | 'unnatural' in any sense.
        
             | 486sx33 wrote:
             | Because CRISPR isn't nearly that precise or exact, it
             | always has unforeseen random fall off effects. Also, who
             | says that particular receptor ONLY prevents entry of a
             | specific virus? It surely has other purposes that aren't
             | understood.
        
             | giraffe_lady wrote:
             | Are the pigs healthy? I think the sibling comment got to
             | the heart of this a lot more directly.
             | 
             | There's an economic reward for keeping the pigs _healthy
             | enough_ to be harvested while spending the least amount of
             | money on their environment. If this lowers the threshold
             | for  "healthy enough", or allows them to survive in an even
             | worse, cheaper to maintain environment, that could
             | introduce or exacerbate human health risks even if this
             | change itself cannot.
             | 
             | There is also the animal welfare element, that has
             | resonance to a lot of people. I am by no means a
             | vegetarian, do not in principle object to killing animals
             | for food. But the sheer scale of animal suffering in our
             | food system gives me pause. I am reluctant to accept
             | innovations that would allow us to increase the degree of
             | suffering in exchange for an increase in output or decrease
             | in price.
        
               | barbazoo wrote:
               | Healthy animals and industrial meat production are at two
               | opposing ends of the same spectrum. You can have one but
               | not both.
        
               | mschuster91 wrote:
               | You absolutely can have both. The threshold to pass for
               | at least "decently healthy" isn't _that_ high and prices
               | aren 't that much higher than "normal" industrial
               | farming.
        
             | emorning3 wrote:
             | >> It's hard to see how helping pigs stay healthy could
             | have a negative impact on human health, <<
             | 
             | Really? You don't see a logical flaw in your reasoning
             | there?
        
             | barbazoo wrote:
             | None of those pigs are "healthy". If we didn't pump them
             | full of antibiotics they would never see the
             | slaughterhouse.
        
             | mrweasel wrote:
             | > It's hard to see how helping pigs stay healthy could have
             | a negative impact on human health
             | 
             | I think that view underscores the differences in approach
             | and beliefs in the US and Europe (not that both views
             | aren't represented on both sides of the Atlantic, just
             | distributed differently). The Europeans frequently have the
             | view: Prove to us that this is not dangerous. Otherwise we
             | prefer not taking the chance that you might be wrong. The
             | US version in our eyes is frequently: "You can't prove it's
             | not safe".
             | 
             | In this case you could risk introducing even worse
             | diseases, who have previous been kept in check by the
             | competition from the viruses you're now eliminating.
        
           | WhatIsDukkha wrote:
           | European consumers seem to not want factory farms that
           | produce such low quality food that it needs to be CRISPRed
           | (as is the case with this story) just to be kept alive long
           | enough.
           | 
           | I also am in that camp, I don't want to eat pork raised in
           | unsanitary conditions and then sold to me at top dollar
           | (because lying/obscuring about sourcing).
        
             | thayne wrote:
             | Then you should want regulations about how the pigs are
             | raised, not banning the use of CRISPR.
        
               | WhatIsDukkha wrote:
               | As an EATER of food what is the benefit of CRISPR/GMO?
               | 
               | There answer after a good 40 minutes of searching is...
               | nothing.
               | 
               | It's a technology 100% in service of being
               | lazier/sloppier for industrial scale food production and
               | in service of IP restricting the food supply in favor of
               | shareholder X or Y.
               | 
               | "but we can make tasteless US tomatoes on even more
               | inappropriate cropland!"
               | 
               | ...
               | 
               | Great for my stock portfolio to screw over developing
               | countries but useless for me as a first world eater of
               | food.
               | 
               | No proof of existence of a benefit.
        
               | Aloisius wrote:
               | Uh. Healthier animals.
               | 
               | This specific approval is for a gene therapy to prevent
               | PRRSV infection - a major porcine virus and one that
               | regularly infects pigs in the EU.
               | 
               | It has nothing to do with mistreatment of animals or
               | factory farming.
        
               | blibble wrote:
               | poor husbandry is the primary objection to US food
               | products
               | 
               | the chicken has to be chlorinated because it has
               | literally been produced covered in faeces
               | 
               | this would seem to be enable it to become even worse
        
               | Aloisius wrote:
               | So don't import US food products if it scares you. That's
               | a separate issue from whether to allow CIRPRed livestock.
               | 
               | Again, this disease _regularly_ affects pigs in Europe
               | and causes immense animal suffering.
        
               | blibble wrote:
               | > So don't import US food products if it scares you.
               | 
               | this is exactly the position of the EU, UK governments
               | 
               | and is one of the few policies that is universally
               | supported by their populations
        
               | Aloisius wrote:
               | The EU and UK both import food from the US.
               | 
               | Some US food products are banned for concerns about
               | safety, but they're hardly unique - the US also bans some
               | food products from the EU and UK that are considered
               | unsafe in the US.
               | 
               | None of that has to do with whether or not countries
               | should allow CRIPRed livestock to be raised domestically.
        
               | blibble wrote:
               | no GM crops, no milk with growth hormone (nearly all of
               | it), no beef with growth hormone (nearly all of it), no
               | chlorinated chicken (nearly all of it), no washed eggs
               | (nearly all of them)
               | 
               | and now pork will end up on that list too
               | 
               | > None of that has to do with whether or not countries
               | should allow CRIPRed livestock to be raised domestically.
               | 
               | I couldn't care less if US'ians want to eat shit (here,
               | literally)
        
               | blitzar wrote:
               | > Then you should want regulations about how the pigs are
               | raised
               | 
               | We have those. EU animals have "five freedoms".
        
           | paganel wrote:
           | > Like is a blanket ban the only reasonable approach?
           | 
           | From my pov as a fellow EU citizen a blanket ban for this
           | kind of creepy stuff is the only viable option. Let the
           | Americans become Frankesteins for all I care, it's their
           | choice, all in the name of "science".
        
             | barbazoo wrote:
             | In the name of keeping up unsustainable lifestyles because
             | one could not fathom to eat anything but abused animals.
             | It's part of the culture.
        
             | trallnag wrote:
             | Banning something because you find it creepy? Unhinged
        
         | VWWHFSfQ wrote:
         | > And people wonder why EU ( and UK ) doesn't allow much US
         | agriculture import.
         | 
         | I mean, this is completely false. 8% of all EU agriculture
         | imports is from USA and has grown year over year for decades.
         | 
         | > U.S. agricultural exports to the European Union reached a
         | record $12.8 billion in 2024, a 1-percent increase from 2023
         | 
         | https://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/ag-and-food-statistic...
        
           | theGeatZhopa wrote:
           | While this 8% are limited to "sorts of" and may not include
           | "CRISPRed" or "chlorine-bleached".
           | 
           | Just a thought from me, as European, in case someone asks for
           | the thinking behind strict import EU rules:
           | 
           | We just don't want to eat things that we believe may cause
           | (abstract) harm, and, sorts of liability of the state and
           | society to care for you and (God beware) your kids if some
           | adverse effects are pinpointed to food/imports or
           | misregulation. I think it's ok like that.
        
             | VWWHFSfQ wrote:
             | Was just commenting on the blanket claim that EU "doesn't
             | allow" much ag import from the US, which is plainly wrong.
        
               | theGeatZhopa wrote:
               | It isn't plainly wrong as if they would allow much, then
               | the share would be higher, as it is the case now for
               | example Brazil (~9pc) or UK (>20pc).
               | 
               | If one think further, the share of export/import to/from
               | non-eu countries is (rounded) 9pc of total EU's
               | agriculture expenses. So, EU do not import much from US
               | and others because they do not want certain techniques
               | and methods and have their inner market and production
               | anyway. Like it's the case with chlorine chickens and
               | washed eggs. So, they don't allow such things to be sold
               | to customers, which is infact not allowing import.
               | 
               | https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-
               | explained/index.php...
        
               | VWWHFSfQ wrote:
               | I guess you can claim that the 3rd-largest agriculture
               | import source is "not much" if it is making you feel
               | better about something. But I think that even the EU
               | bureaucrats themselves would recognize that it is a very
               | significant amount and continues to grow.
        
               | theGeatZhopa wrote:
               | Third largest is not much, if it accounts 8pc of 8pc
               | imported, and 92pc are produced within EU itself. Do you
               | say it's much?
        
         | lupusreal wrote:
         | Much of that is reasonable concern, but at least some of it is
         | silly superstition. For instance, Germany doesn't permit the
         | irradiation of most foods except dried herbs and spices.
         | Irradiation is a perfectly safe way of increasing the safety
         | and shelf life of food. Despite this, regulations on which
         | foods if any this is permitted for vary greatly from country to
         | country, influenced by how weirded out the uneducated public
         | feels about it.
        
           | 486sx33 wrote:
           | I wish more people understood how much of what they consume
           | is radiated at some point...
        
           | WhatIsDukkha wrote:
           | The alternative to radiation is mixing less poop into your
           | meat etc.?
           | 
           | You understand that the majority of "food science" is
           | designed to allow increasingly lazier and sloppier food
           | handling and allowing it to still be palatable/not kill too
           | many people right?
           | 
           | Don't fall into the "lower cost" idea either, being lazier
           | and sloppier means higher corporate profits and not lower
           | consumer prices (for worse food).
           | 
           | Compare the grass fed/ranged (produced on farms 1/10th the
           | size of the US equivalent) BigMac in Germany versus the one
           | you get anywhere in the US, which do you think is healthier
           | and tastier? They are basically the same price to the
           | consumer mysteriously...
        
             | lupusreal wrote:
             | This is the ignorance I was talking about. There are many
             | reasons to irradiate food besides substandard handling. For
             | instance, potatoes can be irradiated to inhibit sprouting,
             | increasing how long you can store them. And imported fruits
             | can be irradiated to prevent the spread of insects and
             | other pests (without needing to use far riskier
             | pesticides.)
        
               | WhatIsDukkha wrote:
               | You proved my point actually.
               | 
               | Neither of those things is actually useful as an eater of
               | food?
               | 
               | You want less fresh food and from sketchier sources yet
               | you think those are virtues?
        
               | lupusreal wrote:
               | They are useful to people who buy food (who hasn't had
               | some potatoes sprout in a cabinet?), and to society
               | generally. Insects are a fact of fruit, to call that
               | "sketchy" is just ignorant.
        
               | WhatIsDukkha wrote:
               | Sprouted potatoes is a sing its time to get some new
               | ones... you want to eat horded 6 month old potatoes glhf
               | 
               | I don't eat fumigated strawberries so replacing fumigated
               | strawberries with irradiated strawberries is... not
               | useful?
        
               | porridgeraisin wrote:
               | This is a case where the science evolved to justify a
               | pre-decided narrative. This was absolutely necessary for
               | an unsustainable food industry in an overly financialised
               | nation(guess which). Don't waste your breath arguing
               | logically. Just try your level best to ensure it doesn't
               | occur in your local food economy, for the near future.
               | Eventually, the GMO folks will reap.
        
               | lupusreal wrote:
               | If the potatoes last longer without going bad, then
               | there's no reason to replace them prematurely. You have a
               | predicted narrative that any preservation method you
               | aren't comfortable is intrinsically bad because it lowers
               | food quality, but I can guarantee you there are countless
               | other forms of food preservation you have no problem
               | with.
               | 
               | It comes down to superstition.
        
           | tbrownaw wrote:
           | > _influenced by how weirded out the uneducated public feels
           | about it._
           | 
           | So it's one of those "my ignorance is just as good as your
           | knowledge" things?
        
         | SoftTalker wrote:
         | To the extent they don't import, it's much more about
         | protecting their own farm economy. Denmark for example has a
         | lot of large pig farms, they don't want US pork competing with
         | that.
        
       | comrade1234 wrote:
       | This is just so that they can pack even more pigs into a factory
       | farm.
        
         | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
         | How is that possible?
         | 
         | Are the pigs going to grow vertical or something?
        
           | cenamus wrote:
           | I, they already stack the floors vertically, putting them in
           | matrix style boxes wouldn't be that surprising
        
       | 486sx33 wrote:
       | Oh man, this is bad. How many studies do we have some the
       | consumption of CRISPR anything by humans ?
        
       | DesaiAshu wrote:
       | We could also just stop breeding genetically modified sentient
       | animals for protein and directly synthesize protein...
        
         | barbazoo wrote:
         | Or just eat vegetables.
        
           | tengbretson wrote:
           | Or crispr yourself to photosynthesize.
        
             | undersuit wrote:
             | You lack the surface area to do much more than
             | photosynthesize a snack's worth of calories.
        
               | guidopallemans wrote:
               | Then crispr yourself some leaves as well
        
       | AzzyHN wrote:
       | This has the potential to be really cool, and really beneficial
       | to society.
       | 
       | It's a shame the people who want to do this the most are the
       | people who want to treat the pigs the worst, and who care the
       | least about potential side effects in humans.
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | > _shame the people who want to do this the most are the people
         | who want to treat the pigs the worst_
         | 
         | When there is almost-perfect (and unnecessary) union between
         | animal rights interests and the anti-GMO community, this is
         | almost a necessity.
         | 
         | > _and who care the least about potential side effects in
         | humans_
         | 
         | I see no evidence of this.
        
           | padjo wrote:
           | Well they're not making pigs immune to disease because they
           | like pigs are they...
        
             | jalk wrote:
             | Swineflu is one of the arguments for keeping pigs locked
             | away indoors in SPF farms
        
         | Voultapher wrote:
         | There is no ethical way to use mammals .
         | 
         | It might sound a little extreme at first, but if you think it
         | through I think it's the conclusion one has to reach when
         | extrapolating from ones own experience to similar animals. Sure
         | a cricket and I have not too much in common, but a orangutan
         | and I, a dog, a pig?
        
           | chneu wrote:
           | Degrees of harm and justification are pointless.
        
       | SoftTalker wrote:
       | > the pigs appear entirely immune to more than 99% of the known
       | versions of the PRRS virus, although there is one rare subtype
       | that may break through the protection.
       | 
       | Doesn't this just set the table for that rare subtype to become
       | dominant?
        
         | nothercastle wrote:
         | Yes
        
         | biophysboy wrote:
         | Evading immunity doesn't always mean you become dominant. It
         | might not be as transmissible, worse at replicating, or not as
         | compatible with the host. Basically, there may be reasons why
         | it was the rare subtype that remain true even in the new
         | environment
        
           | ndsipa_pomu wrote:
           | However, with a selective pressure that removes its rival
           | subtypes, it's likely to become less rare, at least in areas
           | such as pig farms.
        
       | stavros wrote:
       | Could we not just... not confine the pigs in spaces about as big
       | as their bodies?
       | 
       | Kurzgesagt had a very interesting video[0] about the fact that it
       | wasn't really that much more expensive to make sure we ate
       | torture-free meat.
       | 
       | [0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5sVfTPaxRwk
        
         | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
         | The majority of consumers aren't willing to spend a penny on
         | that.
        
         | chneu wrote:
         | Most consumers don't care where their meat comes from.
         | 
         | Meat is a status symbol food. Most consumers want it as cheap
         | as possible so they can consume as much of it as possible.
         | Because it's a status symbol food. Eating meat every night is
         | seen as a status symbol.
        
       | unfitted2545 wrote:
       | good day to be a vegan.
        
       | nerdjon wrote:
       | I really really hate that the science behind GMO's gets clouded
       | by the business practices of some of these companies.
       | 
       | You can separate the 2. Being anti gmo is being anti science.
       | Decrying all GMO as bad, unhealthy, or whatever is as illogical
       | as trying to make any blanket statement about any food. It just
       | so happens that this one gets headlines.
       | 
       | We should be concerned about the businesses like Monsanto. But
       | that is completely different.
       | 
       | Personally I have been trying to avoid any product that goes out
       | of its way to claim "non gmo" because it just signals to me that
       | they don't care about sustainability and science.
       | 
       | It's almost as bad (and sometimes worse) than the "organic" crap.
        
         | hollerith wrote:
         | So in other words there is nothing wrong with the GMO as an
         | abstract principle, it is merely the actual GMOs on the market
         | today that are bad in almost every instance.
        
           | nerdjon wrote:
           | No... that is not what I said at all.
           | 
           | I have yet to see a single instance of any actual health
           | concerns raised from eating GMO food.
           | 
           | It has turned into marketing bullshit.
           | 
           | Again there has to be a clear separation between the science
           | behind GMO and the business practices. They are very
           | different discussions that need to happen but instead we are
           | painting all of it with a negative light.
        
             | hollerith wrote:
             | >I have yet to see a single instance
             | 
             | OK, here is a single instance: lots of people are concerned
             | about glyphosate residues in food, and GMO technology is
             | the only thing that allows those food plants to even
             | survive the amount of glyphosate being sprayed on them.
        
               | nerdjon wrote:
               | That is not a problem with the act of making GMO's in the
               | first place, which again is the point that I am trying to
               | make here.
               | 
               | If the product that had these modifications is perfectly
               | safe without being sprayed with it, the science behind
               | the creation of that GMO is still sound. The problem is
               | what is being done to it after the fact.
               | 
               | Meaning, it being GMO itself is irrelevant and goes back
               | to the business practices. Grouping that into an "Anti
               | GMO" crusade just continues to further an anti-science
               | narrative.
        
               | BuyMyBitcoins wrote:
               | We should be genetically modifying the pest species, not
               | the crops. We should stick to going after the species
               | that specialize in eating domesticated plants, like the
               | corn borer or the Colorado potato beetle. Keep a small
               | population "safe" on some remote island or a lab
               | somewhere if they ever need to be reintroduced for some
               | reason, but use knockout drive to eliminate them
               | elsewhere.
        
               | xeonmc wrote:
               | I, for one, welcome our new mutant prionic insectoid
               | overlords.
        
             | Nullabillity wrote:
             | > Again there has to be a clear separation between the
             | science behind GMO and the business practices.
             | 
             | Discussing the science is worthless until you can solve the
             | business practices.
        
               | nerdjon wrote:
               | Then why require GMO labeling on food?
               | 
               | We don't require labeling for basically any other
               | concerns about business practices and yet everyone seems
               | to care about this one. When I buy chicken it doesn't
               | have a sticker on it sayin "this chicken was probably
               | kicked a few times". or slave labor was used on this
               | chocolate. There are other voluntarily done labeling
               | against both of those, but not a requirement to say it.
               | 
               | The problem is, the narrative is grouping them together.
               | The general narrate is "concern over what it going into
               | our bodies" which has nothing to do with business
               | practices.
        
               | Nullabillity wrote:
               | > We don't require labeling for basically any other
               | concerns about business practices
               | 
               | Maybe we should. Then again, pretty sure both of those
               | are completely illegal anyway. (Not that that stops it
               | entirely, but somehow I'm not convinced _lying about it_
               | would be the thing to stop those actors.)
        
               | nerdjon wrote:
               | Right I mean the chocolate one is illegal. The chicken
               | one, honestly not fully sure since Purdue keeps getting
               | exposed but idk if they actually have had legal issues?
               | But my point with both of those is, as bad as those would
               | be they don't have an impact on your health eating the
               | product.
               | 
               | Regardless, I don't disagree that we should have some
               | labeling on business practices behind the food that we
               | eat as long as it is actually communicating what needs to
               | be communicated instead of just fear mongering.
               | 
               | "GMO Free" (or requiring it to say it has GMO) tells the
               | consumer absolutely nothing. Its meaningless. All it does
               | is try to sow fear about a thing that its existence
               | itself is not the problem.
               | 
               | "Forbids farmers from using last years seeds", "Uses
               | increased herbicide" like the example the other person
               | mentioned, or whatever that actually communicates what
               | the business concern is to the consumer would be great.
               | 
               | But that is not what we are doing here with labeling GMO.
        
               | lukan wrote:
               | "But my point with both of those is, as bad as those
               | would be they don't have an impact on your health eating
               | the product"
               | 
               | Depends. Stressed animals produce food with stress
               | hormons included.
        
         | goodpoint wrote:
         | And yet there are plenty of reputable papers showing clear
         | health benefits of organic food.
        
         | PeterStuer wrote:
         | "Being anti gmo is being anti science"
         | 
         | No, it isn't. As scientists we know how little we know of
         | complex biological systems. This is bio-engineering based on
         | rickety models.
         | 
         | Especially in times where the US is all about 'trade balances'
         | , would it not suite them to take onboard some of the
         | precautionary principles adopted in other parts of the world
         | when it comes to health and safety?
        
           | DocTomoe wrote:
           | From the other side of the pond, when your chieftain wonders
           | aloud again why the Europeans don't buy your beef, or your
           | chicken, or now your pork: This here, is the reason.
           | 
           | We like our beef clean, our chickens unchlorinated, and our
           | pigs without heavily experimental GMO modification, thank you
           | very much.
           | 
           | Not because we are anti-science. Because the US has a
           | horrible track record when it comes to how far you can go
           | with _caveat emptor_.
        
       | lazystar wrote:
       | does this mean they can create a kosher pig? huge business
       | opportunity there.
        
         | BuyMyBitcoins wrote:
         | You'd have to CRISPR parts of the Torah to accomplish that.
        
         | looofooo0 wrote:
         | Lol, achieving the neccesary characteristics (cloven hooves and
         | rumination), i am not sure that thing would be called a pig
         | anymore.
        
       | ajma wrote:
       | Mmmm CRISPR bacon
        
       | sinuhe69 wrote:
       | >>That experiment [Chinese Crisper babies] on humans was widely
       | decried as misguided.
       | 
       | Misguided? No, it's criminal! It was widely criticized as deeply
       | unethical, unprofessional and irresponsible. The guy was
       | considered a rogue scientist and he was put in jail for many
       | years.
       | 
       | So clearly it was not just 'misguided'.
        
         | dyauspitr wrote:
         | I think it's fine. I'm ready for heavily genetically modified
         | humans given they volunteer for it.
        
           | lantry wrote:
           | I think your two statements are contradictory. Babies can't
           | volunteer for anything
        
             | voidfunc wrote:
             | Parents can volunteer the baby. And babies are easily
             | renewable.
        
             | imtringued wrote:
             | Engineer them to consent retroactively.
        
             | dyauspitr wrote:
             | We will have total gene replacement at some point. Or
             | atleast the vast majority of it.
        
       | walterbell wrote:
       | _> Culbertson says gene-edited pork could appear in the US market
       | sometime next year. He says the company does not think pork chops
       | or other meat will need to carry any label identifying it as
       | bioengineered... Genus edited pig embryos to remove the receptor
       | that the PRRS virus uses to enter cells._
       | 
       | What would be required to test retail pork product for the
       | presence of this receptor?
       | 
       | Along the lines of https://www.plasticlist.org/report
       | We launched.. [a] project: to test 100 everyday foods for the
       | presence of plastic chemicals.. We formed a team of four people,
       | learned how this kind of chemical testing is performed, called
       | more than 100 labs to find one that had the experience, quality
       | standards, and turnaround time that we needed, collected hundreds
       | of samples, shipped them, had them tested, painstakingly
       | validated the results, and prepared them to share with you. Over
       | time our effort expanded to nearly 300 food products. It took
       | half a year and cost about $500,000.
       | 
       | Restaurants and grocery stores can advertise corporate policy to
       | use non-GMO meat suppliers.
        
       | pazimzadeh wrote:
       | This resembles the Chinese HIV CRISPR study because the deleted
       | receptor was CCR5, an immune receptor. This was controversial
       | because we don't know the long term effects of of deleting CCR5.
       | 
       | Viruses often use immune or other surface proteins as receptors
       | presumably because they are important (can't be down-regulated
       | too much).
       | 
       | For the pigs, it looks like they deleted just the SRCR5 domain of
       | the CD163 protein. CD163 is used by macrophages to scavenge the
       | hemoglobin-haptoglobin complex.
       | 
       | A 2017 article (of 6 pigs?) suggests that the engineered pigs are
       | resistant to the virus "while maintaining biological function"
       | although I don't see any experiments comparing hemoglobin-
       | haptoglobin scavenging ability of engineered vs unedited pigs.
       | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5322883
       | 
       | This 2024 study (of 40 pigs) found 'no significant difference' in
       | a panel of health measures and meat quality, except that the
       | engineered pigs had statistically significantly more greater
       | backfat depth than the edited animals.
       | https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/genome-editing/articles...
       | 
       | Interestingly, the mean weight of live pigs is slightly higher
       | for edited pigs but lower for dead pigs. Total fat slightly
       | higher for the edited pigs. These numbers are not statistically
       | significant (but only a small number of pigs were tested).
       | 
       | The pigs were assessed at approximately 205 days in age. Pigs can
       | live up to 20 years. Would be good to test the long term effects
       | and the effects over multiple generations.
       | 
       | This paragraph is striking:
       | 
       | > Under the conditions of these studies, neither homozygous nor
       | heterozygous or null pigs inoculated with PRRSV showed the acute
       | clinical signs typically observed in commercial pigs and had
       | overall low depression and respiratory scores (1). This may be
       | explained by the fact that these pigs were sourced from a high-
       | health farm and managed with minimal stress, which differs from
       | disease expression under commercial conditions.
       | 
       | Sounds like the genetic editing is not necessary as long as the
       | farm conditions are good..
        
         | arrosenberg wrote:
         | w/r/t the HIV thing - there are HIV immune populations in
         | Scandinavia who have a natural mutation affecting CCR5, so
         | there is at least some reason to believe it's safe to edit or
         | knock out.
         | 
         | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14636691/
        
           | pazimzadeh wrote:
           | That is interesting.
           | 
           | Do Scandinavians have compensatory mutations on other
           | proteins, which allows them to have a mutant CCR5?
           | 
           | Presumably CCR5 exists for reason other than attracting HIV.
        
             | philipov wrote:
             | It's dangerous to assume that everything in biology exists
             | because it's useful in some way. Some things are just
             | spandrels* that came along for the ride, vestigial, or
             | otherwise neutral features. Not everything exists because
             | it provides an evolutionary advantage.
             | 
             | *: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spandrel_(biology)
        
               | jl6 wrote:
               | If you're going to assume something, assuming neutrality
               | seems the more dangerous assumption. Chesterton's gene.
        
               | pazimzadeh wrote:
               | If a receptor is used as an entry point by a common virus
               | and disabling it prevents infection but evolution has
               | kept it around (cells spend energy actively expressing
               | it, not having it encoded in the genome) then you can
               | assume that there is a function provided by the receptor.
               | 
               | Turns out, CD163 already has a known function.
               | 
               | A spandrel not only has to have obvious function but
               | removing it has to not be detrimental. I'm questioning
               | the bar that is being used to say that it's not
               | detrimental.
               | 
               | Unless humanity was on the brink of starvation and this
               | was the only known way to increase food production then
               | no it's not dangerous to be cautious.
               | 
               | On the other hand, I think it's dangerous to assume that
               | a protein only has one function
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_moonlighting
        
             | arrosenberg wrote:
             | I don't believe so. I looked into it a bit more, and it
             | looks like homozygous variant carriers are more susceptible
             | to other types of infection (West Nile is specifically
             | cited), but I don't see anything showing the variant causes
             | issues with CCR5s other critical functions. I do think a
             | knockout is probably a bad idea based on further reading,
             | but modification seems like a promising path.
        
               | pazimzadeh wrote:
               | I meant a compensatory mutation on another receptor or
               | protein besides CD163. I kinda meant it rhetorically.
               | It's not an easy thing to answer.
        
         | repiret wrote:
         | > The pigs were assessed at approximately 205 days in age. Pigs
         | can live up to 20 years. Would be good to test the long term
         | effects and the effects over multiple generations.
         | 
         | It would be good to test for those things if the concern was
         | for the long-term health of the pigs. The concern is whether or
         | not they produce safe meat. Somewhere between most and all of
         | the pork I've eaten in my life came from pigs less than a year
         | old.
        
           | pazimzadeh wrote:
           | I understand that. But maybe at 205 days you won't detect a
           | change which would more easily detectable later. Maybe we
           | don't know exactly what to look for, but if something breaks
           | over the long term that would give a clue.
           | 
           | They also only looked at the health of one generation, along
           | with the number of offsprings from that first generation.
           | What happens after 10 generations? 100? Could there be
           | cumulative epigenetic effects from deleting this gene?
        
         | testing22321 wrote:
         | > _Sounds like the genetic editing is not necessary as long as
         | the farm conditions are good.._
         | 
         | And remember if you document or report on bad farm conditions
         | in many US states, you'll go to jail for telling the truth
         | while the people running the farm do not.
        
           | marviel wrote:
           | source?
        
             | scratcheee wrote:
             | I assume they're referring to ag-gag laws,
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ag-gag Gives a reasonable
             | background by the looks.
        
             | kjellsbells wrote:
             | Parent poster may be referring to laws on the books that
             | forbid the sale of videos depicting where animals are
             | subject to harm or treated cruelly. I suspect that these
             | laws were passed in response to animal snuff videos a few
             | years ago, but the law could be used to prosecute an
             | activist, I guess - although it might also demonstrate the
             | point the activist was making in order for a prosecution to
             | pass.
             | 
             | https://www.animallaw.info/article/detailed-discussion-
             | legal...
        
       | jbverschoor wrote:
       | And you find it strange the EU doesn't buy it "food"
        
       | littlestymaar wrote:
       | > the pigs appear entirely immune to more than 99% of the known
       | versions of the PRRS virus, although there is one rare subtype
       | that may break through the protection.
       | 
       | If there's already a variant of the virus that can overcome the
       | edit, then without additional measures it will simply go from 1%
       | of the case to 100% and the disease is going to be as prevalent
       | as before and the benefit of the tech will be null after just a
       | few years.
       | 
       | (Except that it will draw negative light on CRISPR-based gene
       | editing , slowing down actual progress. That's the curse of GMO:
       | companies making them for bad reasons and reducing collective
       | trust in what is a very promising and important technology for
       | long term food security)
        
       | pgryko wrote:
       | One step closer to making cystypigs from the game the outer
       | worlds
       | 
       | https://theouterworlds.fandom.com/wiki/Cystypig
        
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