[HN Gopher] Accountability Sinks
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Accountability Sinks
        
       Author : msustrik
       Score  : 511 points
       Date   : 2025-05-03 06:45 UTC (16 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (250bpm.substack.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (250bpm.substack.com)
        
       | gsf_emergency wrote:
       | Related discussion (517 pts):
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41891694
       | 
       | https://aworkinglibrary.com/reading/unaccountability-machine
       | 
       | (A very short overview of Dan Davies' book, quoted in TFA, that
       | came up with the term)
       | 
       | EDIT: complementing book mentioned in that thread
       | 
       |  _Cathy O 'Neil's "Weapons of Math Destruction" (2016, Penguin
       | Random House) is a good companion to this concept, covering the
       | "accountability sink" from the other side of those constructing
       | or overseeing systems.
       | 
       | Cathy argues that the use of algorithm in some contexts permits a
       | new scale of harmful and unaccountable systems that ought to be
       | reigned in._
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41892299
        
         | immibis wrote:
         | Heh. 6 months ago someone mentioned Deutsche Bahn and
         | Switzerland. Deutsche Bahn is now banned from operating trains
         | into Switzerland, by Switzerland, because they are never on
         | time.
        
           | gsf_emergency wrote:
           | There's a HN discussion for that too (2 days ago), maybe
           | you're referring to that :)?
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43853663
        
         | divan wrote:
         | Great post and discussion as well! I learned from that about
         | two just cultures and their different views of what
         | "accountability" even is.
        
           | gsf_emergency wrote:
           | > _If you combine those two frameworks, you could conclude
           | that to be accountable for something you must have the power
           | to change it and understand what you are trying to accomplish
           | when you do. You need both the power and the story of how
           | that power gets used._
        
             | divan wrote:
             | This, and I think it gets deeper. I started reading more
             | about history of "just culture" and it seems like
             | historically it was the dominant culture of justice in the
             | tribes and smaller communities.
             | 
             | It's the _just culture_ focused on repairing the damage -
             | for the victim and for the community - and trying to fix
             | the reasons and integrate the offender back into life
             | (otherwise community would end up being a bloodbath of
             | revenge and dies out).
             | 
             | What wasn't obvious to me is that switch from restorative
             | justice culture to retribution justice culture happened for
             | economic reasons. At some point of nation states formation,
             | crime became an act of offence against the king, not the
             | community. You didn't do wrong to the community, you
             | "disobeyed the rule of king" and thus has to be punished.
             | The whole "justice transaction" became a deal between an
             | offender and the state/king, instead of community and
             | victim and offender. Paying retribution fee became a source
             | of income for the kingdom, incentivising this type of
             | justice culture. Victim and community was largely left
             | untouched by this new type of "fixing justice". Pretty
             | dramatic change.
        
               | gsf_emergency wrote:
               | My eyes opened a little bit!
               | 
               | "Sidney Dekker" & "lese majeste" or even "Wilhoit"
               | returned nothing interesting, so that's a new open secret
               | (if I didn't totally misunderstand, that is)
               | 
               | Aside: does that make "The United States " a careless
               | sovereign (monarch) in your book? -- most criminal cases
               | are "The U.S. vs ____": not only are
               | community/rehabilitation afterthoughts, nobody looks
               | forward to any pleasure of a Majesty. The Judge+Jury as
               | Middle Finger & Thumb of the Invisible Hand?
        
       | majke wrote:
       | I didn't realize Martin is blogging again! Hurray!
        
       | immibis wrote:
       | It's interesting we always talked about the Holocaust and the
       | Nuremberg trials when talking about accountability, as if similar
       | atrocities aren't currently happening. It's because breaking an
       | accountability sink of people who are long dead doesn't have any
       | impact other than the explanation itself. Breaking an
       | accountability sink of currently living people and currently
       | active wars is much more dangerous.
        
         | blueflow wrote:
         | Did you imply that there is another Holocaust currently
         | ongoing?
        
           | Etheryte wrote:
           | There are numerous conflicts worldwide where one side is
           | trying to systematically destroy the other population,
           | civilians and all. Whether they are exactly the same or how
           | you define that is pretty secondary to that fact.
        
             | blueflow wrote:
             | Whatever. Since my last Wikipedia spree on that topic i
             | feel such comparisons are highly inappropriate.
        
               | pyrale wrote:
               | That way of saying that the holocaust is a thing of its
               | own, that can be compared to nothing else is simply a way
               | of separating genocide victims into first-class and
               | second-class victims. The only outcome would be to weaken
               | the collective "Never again" outcry against barbary.
        
               | blueflow wrote:
               | From the perspective of the victims, it was not special,
               | indeed. My "research" focused on the other perspective to
               | learn social patterns.
        
               | immibis wrote:
               | That's what they do in Germany. They teach it as a unique
               | thing that can never happen again... which leads people
               | to never question whether it could happen again... which
               | may lead to it happening again, because any sign that it
               | _was_ happening again would be dismissed, because  "it
               | can't happen again" is drilled into people.
               | 
               | The default attitude of any human is to support the
               | status quo, but you'd think Germany in particular would
               | do a better job of changing that default with education.
               | It seems like it doesn't.
               | 
               | Obviously, if someone _was_ doing another holocaust, it
               | would be in their best interests to make you think the
               | very notion of more holocausts was _prima facie_
               | completely absurd.
        
               | blueflow wrote:
               | I went through German school, did the mandatory trip to
               | Buchenwald, met Pavel Kohn in person and i think you are
               | making shit up.
               | 
               | What if US people are less hesitant to make those
               | comparisons because they know _less_ about it?
        
           | rollcat wrote:
           | Look at what's happening in the US right now. People getting
           | snatched off the streets. This is how it starts.
        
             | 20after4 wrote:
             | And a large part of the population are cheering it on.
        
           | Muromec wrote:
           | There are proceeding at the ICC against at least two
           | countries on the accusations of genocide right now.
           | 
           | Whether it's worse or better than Holocaust is debatable and
           | you can bring up a metric. Did Gaza reach 10% of the
           | Holocaust? At what rate we count abducted children against
           | murdered adults? Do we count deaths or suffering too? Do the
           | circumstances of death with genocidal intent contribute to
           | the metric?
           | 
           | What can we learn from the quantitative comparison of one
           | with another?
        
         | osener wrote:
         | It's often debated whether the public at the time was aware of
         | the scale of the atrocities committed, whether they were
         | accountable, and whether they could--or should--have done
         | something. But only now am I realizing how much a certain part
         | of the population actually does the propagandists' dirty work
         | by defending and whitewashing such atrocities.
        
           | rini17 wrote:
           | Debated by whom? I'm from Slovakia which had voluntarily
           | copied laws and process for deporting Jews verbatim from Nazi
           | Germany and here is overwhelming amount of evidence that
           | everyone knew something very bad is going to happen to them.
           | Also the "arizacia/aryanization" dispossessing of Jew
           | property made it doubly clear they weren't going to return.
        
           | bflesch wrote:
           | The public was well-aware. They had stickers on shops. Your
           | Jewish neighbors were paraded through the streets for
           | deportation. Once they were gone, people took the furniture,
           | the businesses, or simply moved into their apartments. On the
           | country side, there were various land reforms where people
           | who joined the NSDAP party were given fields from famers who
           | were either simply deported as being Jewish or political
           | opposition.
           | 
           | Of course people always had the feel-good lie "oh they're
           | just being relocated to XYZ" but in those times you'd never
           | leave your furniture and other valuables behind when moving
           | if you were not forced to. For German people it was a win-win
           | situation: More work for everyone (either as a party soldier
           | or in the construction), steal some valuables from your
           | neighbors who just got taken away, and feel good about your
           | noble aryan genes.
           | 
           | Sorry for rambling on this topic but there are books for
           | every mid-size Germany city which detail the unfathomable
           | amount of looting, stealing and "M&A business" that was done
           | by everyday "normal" German citizens during these times.
           | 
           | And most of these crimes were not prosecuted because of
           | political decisions after the war.
        
       | CalRobert wrote:
       | As sad as things turned out for the squirrels it's bizarre to
       | worry too much about 440 squirrels dying in a country with lots
       | of meat farming...
        
         | scotty79 wrote:
         | They even mention that the shredder was designed for newborn
         | chicks. So something we routinely do to thousands and thousands
         | of chickens is somehow suddenly horrible if they did it to
         | random 440 squirrels that couldn't be accounted for.
        
           | vemom wrote:
           | You somehow can't apply logical statements to what we choose
           | to kill and eat. Cultures differ on their opinions here. But
           | at some extreme we should all be vegan.
        
             | scotty79 wrote:
             | The logic is simple, we eat what's convenient to produce
             | and we construct our morals around that.
        
               | Thorrez wrote:
               | Meat costs a lot to produce. We eat it because it tastes
               | good, not because it's convenient.
        
               | aziaziazi wrote:
               | True. Habits also play an unconscious role and tradition
               | a conscious one. To demonstrate the former: bellow two
               | studies on cats exposed pre, peri and post natal with a
               | specific aroma. From the first abstract:
               | 
               | > We conclude that long-term chemosensory and dietary
               | preferences of cats are influenced by prenatal and early
               | (nursing) postnatal experience, supporting a natural and
               | biologically relevant mechanism for the safe transmission
               | of diet from mother to young.
               | 
               | https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232700921_Prenat
               | al_...
               | 
               | https://www.researchgate.net/publication/40452868_Effects
               | _of...
               | 
               | I'll add that habits and taste _can_ change later in the
               | life voluntary or involuntary: There 's plenty of people
               | that "learn" to like something they didn't in their youth
               | for many reason: new cultural environment, health,
               | curiosity...
        
               | scotty79 wrote:
               | No. Dogs also taste good but they are way less convenient
               | to raise per kilogram of meat then cows. That's one of
               | the main reasons we rather eat cows, pigs and poultry
               | than dogs, dolphins, squirrels or guinea pigs.
               | 
               | People do a lot of expensive and wasteful things just
               | because they are convenient in many domains of life.
               | 
               | Meat isn't tasty. If it was you wouldn't always eat it
               | fried almost to a char with salt and spices. Tasty things
               | you can just eat straight up. Meat is easy. It's easier
               | to keep some cows on grassy hill then kill them, than to
               | create and maintain a field there.
               | 
               | Meat is also easy to cook and eat. It digests nicely. It
               | can be used in mono diet with no immediate ill effects.
               | It's a no-brainer food even an idiot can use to sustain
               | themselves. It's hard to poison yourself with it because
               | if it's not fresh it stinks like hell.
        
               | the_af wrote:
               | > _If it was you wouldn 't always eat it fried almost to
               | a char with salt and spices._
               | 
               | I agree with the rest of your comment, except this.
               | 
               | You eat your meat "always fried to a char"? What? Also, I
               | barely add some salt to it. Many people add way too much
               | salt though.
        
               | scotty79 wrote:
               | By almost char I meant browning.
               | 
               | Salt is cheating. Add salt to any fat and it's
               | immediately tasty.
        
               | barrucadu wrote:
               | > Meat isn't tasty. If it was you wouldn't always eat it
               | fried almost to a char with salt and spices.
               | 
               | Allow me to introduce you to the concept of "steak".
        
               | scotty79 wrote:
               | Buy your steak, toss in a pot of unsalted water. Cook for
               | a while to make it edible. Eat it when hungry. Tell me
               | again how tasty the meat is.
               | 
               | Do the same with rice, potatoes or lentils and you'll
               | have completely different experience. Pick any fruit.
               | There's even no need to boil. Tasty from the get go.
        
               | vemom wrote:
               | Rare steak is nice.
        
       | Tepix wrote:
       | I think this is one of the most fascinating aspects of solo non-
       | stop around the world sailing: You have no one to blame other
       | than yourself. It puts you into a mindset that is unique in this
       | day and age. The sailors, when interviewed after their ordeal,
       | also mention it a lot.
        
         | nicbou wrote:
         | Same with overland travel. You either caused the problem or
         | allowed it to happen. Either way it's your job to fix it and
         | it's the only way to keep going. It requires preparedness,
         | flexibility and resilience.
         | 
         | I remember many messes where I just stood there thinking to
         | myself "alright nicbou, what did we learn today?"
        
           | rollcat wrote:
           | In 2012 I've spent almost the entire year hitchhiking around
           | Europe. Mostly alone, sometimes in a small ad-hoc group that
           | would part whenever we had to take different turns. Sometimes
           | there _is_ someone else to blame: a driver who dropped me off
           | in a far worse place (like in the middle of a busy highway);
           | a mate who almost blew all of us up when mishandling a gas
           | cylinder; unsolicited exhibitionism; etc.
           | 
           | Well, shit happens. Pick your stuff up and carry on.
        
             | vemom wrote:
             | There is no blame on holiday. Something will go wrong (how
             | can it not?)
        
       | roenxi wrote:
       | Another fun one is asking for a higher salary - for obvious
       | reasons moderately sized companies have formal systems that make
       | it logically impossible to do on an employees initiative (the
       | boss doesn't control salaries, payroll doesn't control salaries
       | and all the formal systems point to the boss and payroll). The
       | real approach is that a worker has to somehow convince one of the
       | people with serious power to overrule the default systems.
       | 
       | But the important thing to recognise is there are always people
       | who can overrule a given formal process and they are being held
       | accountable to something. The issue becomes what their incentives
       | are. In the success stories in this article (like the one where
       | the doctor saves a bunch of people) the incentives lead to a good
       | outcome when the formal system is discarded. In the leading
       | ground squirrel example someone without doubt had the power to
       | prevent the madness and didn't because their incentives led them
       | to sit quietly in the background hidden from history's eye. Ditto
       | the Nazi example - obviously there was someone (probably quite a
       | few someones) who could have stopped the killing. They didn't
       | override the system because they through it was performing to
       | spec, and it is probably difficult to prove they were in
       | hindsight because informal systems don't get recorded.
        
         | amos-burton wrote:
         | If the incentive is the culprit, then the airport employee
         | acted out of her mind because her own survival was more
         | important than to act human... therefore, she is biologically
         | similar, but spiritually guided differently. she would never
         | tell you she gave herself or sacrificed (big word) to it (big
         | word), she never knew anything else really, she saw things
         | through the window all along her life, but never got to really
         | experience it, it is so inconvenient to her, she whispered.
         | 
         | she feels more than a children of the cities, she has embodied
         | them.
        
         | lotsofpulp wrote:
         | > the boss doesn't control salaries
         | 
         | I would call them a supervisor then.
         | 
         | It's not logically impossible for any buyer to decide to pay or
         | not pay more to a seller, it just depends how replaceable the
         | buyer thinks the seller is, and how much they care (the buyer
         | could be retiring with golden parachutes before shit hits the
         | fan).
        
       | CalRobert wrote:
       | Interestingly if you're denied a credit card in Europe a subject
       | access request can be very helpful for understanding why
        
       | scotty79 wrote:
       | Another major accountability sink is employment. Employee is
       | shielded from financial responsibility for the damage he incurs
       | while working. While he may be punished for disobeying orders or
       | acting criminally, he's not financially responsible for the
       | fallout (especially if he was only doing the things he was
       | ordered to do and/or reasonable things). Doing a job is
       | inherently risky behavior. If you are doing it in a context of
       | financial amplifier (a company) in a regulated society that can
       | quickly hunt you down and destroy your life if you misstep then
       | in the absence of accountability sink protections barely anyone
       | would be brave enough to get employed. That's also why LLC exist.
       | To enable risk taking by promising to not hunt you to the bottom
       | if you fail.
        
         | Muromec wrote:
         | >If you are doing it in a context of financial amplifier (a
         | company) in a regulated society that can quickly hunt you down
         | and destroy your life if you misstep
         | 
         | Sir, it's the year 2025 of our Lord. Nobody is out there to
         | destroy your life most of the time.
        
           | scotty79 wrote:
           | The fact that they don't doesn't mean they can't or they
           | wouldn't. Just reading news from USA from last 3 months
           | should make it obviously clear.
        
         | hliyan wrote:
         | I would say that corporate personhood is a better example. It
         | seems very natural to us, but I'm not sure if it's an idea
         | other intelligent species would also independently arrive at.
        
           | scotty79 wrote:
           | I don't see it natural at all. I think it's quite insane
           | concept. A corporation is obviously not a person and even if
           | you pretend it to be a person why only good things come from
           | it for a corporation? Why isn't it sentenced to death and
           | executed when it kills 11 people?
           | 
           | Why corporations are allowed to own other corporations? Isn't
           | it a slavery?
        
           | TeMPOraL wrote:
           | I think GP's example is better, definitely more familiar.
           | That's the fundamental difference between employment and
           | running your own business: you're trading away both the
           | downsides and upsides of business risk, in exchange for a
           | stable, _predictable_ salary.
        
       | einpoklum wrote:
       | > _Bad people react to this by getting angry at the gate
       | attendant; good people walk away stewing with thwarted rage._
       | 
       | Notwithstanding the rest of the column, this particular example
       | brings the following thought to mind:
       | 
       | It could actually be argued that getting angry at the gate
       | attendant is not a "bad people" response. Suppose that under
       | those circumstances, the typical individual passenger would
       | demand the gate attendant to either let them onto the flight, or
       | compensate them reasonably on the spot, and if denied - even with
       | a "it's not within my authority" - inform their fellow
       | passengers, which would support the demand physically to the
       | extent of blocking boarding, and essentially encircling the gate
       | attendant until they yield (probably by letting the original
       | passenger onto the plane), and if security gets involved - there
       | would be a brawl, and people on all sides would get beaten. Now,
       | the individual(s) would would do such a thing may well suffer for
       | it, but in terms of the overall public - gate attendants will
       | know that if they try to do something unacceptable, it will fail,
       | and they will personally face great discomfort and perhaps even
       | violence. And airports would know that such bumps result in mini-
       | riots. So, to the gate attendant, such an order would be the
       | equivalent of being told by the company to punch a passenger in
       | the face; they would just not do it. And the airport would warn
       | airlines to not do something like that, otherwise they would face
       | higher airport fees or some other penalty. And once the company
       | realizes, that it can't get gate attendants to bump passengers
       | this way, it will simply not do it, or authorize decent
       | compensation on the spot etc.
       | 
       | Bottom line - willingness to resist, minor ability to organize,
       | and some willingness to sacrifice for the public benefit - can
       | dismantle some of these accountability sinks.
       | 
       | a good "collective response" would be to deny the non-agency of
       | the gate attendant. That is,
        
         | MaxikCZ wrote:
         | Still wouldn't change a thing. The gate keeper has no say into
         | who gets let on the plane and who doesn't, they are there just
         | to enforce the decision.
         | 
         | The only way to get this solved is if in the executive meetings
         | one person goes "Our processes that bumps people resulted in
         | xxxxxx cost, that's too much".
         | 
         | The way those costs are incurred doesn't matter, if its direct
         | compensation or fines, but unless you can attach a price tag to
         | it, nothing will change.
        
           | einpoklum wrote:
           | > The gate keeper has no say into who gets let on the plane
           | and who doesn't, they are there just to enforce the decision.
           | 
           | No, that's not true. He is literally, physically, the gate
           | keeper: To pass the gate, he has to let you pass. Now, you
           | could insert another gate keeper into the scenario at the
           | entrance to the airplane, or some turn-style with a scanner
           | etc. but that wouldn't change the basic argument, just make
           | the scenario a little more complex.
        
           | immibis wrote:
           | You misunderstood the point they tried to make. If a gate
           | attendant was told to punch someone in the face, _they still
           | wouldn 't_. They'd probably get fired for not punching
           | someone in the face, then win some civil suit for their lost
           | income.
           | 
           | If rejecting people from flights without explanation was
           | socially considered the same way as punching in them the
           | face, they wouldn't do that, either.
        
         | nathan_compton wrote:
         | You can deny the non-agency of the gate attendant without
         | getting angry. My personal feeling is that no mature adult
         | should ever get angry really under any circumstances, though I
         | don't expect this or really blame people for being angry.
        
       | bflesch wrote:
       | The reader can feel a glimpse of the author's ego the moment he
       | explains his skills as a Google Site Reliabiliy Engineer and his
       | glorious work on improving gmail post-mortems right after the
       | section where a hospital team saves various people in a mass
       | casuality situation by empowering nurses to perform formally
       | doctor-only tasks.
       | 
       | Only with a healthy dose of cynicism I can understand where he's
       | going. While the topic of accountability sinks is quite
       | interesting, I'm searching for the author's reflection of their
       | own accountability.
       | 
       | They worked at google, made a boatload of money for the
       | advertising company and himself, and now philosophically lectures
       | others how to detect and/or design accountability sinks.
        
         | queuep wrote:
         | So the author gives what, 10 examples, and one of them is about
         | himself and his own experiences, and one of them is from a
         | hospital.
         | 
         | And from that you convey that the author must have some kind of
         | ego? I don't think that's justified critique.
        
           | bflesch wrote:
           | The word "hero" is mentioned twice in the whole article. Once
           | in the section before he talks about his own work, and once
           | in the section directly following it.
           | 
           | > As one of the commenters noted: "Amazing! The guy broke
           | every possible rule. If he wasn't a fucking hero, he would be
           | fired on the spot."
           | 
           | > **
           | 
           | > Once, I used to work as an SRE for Gmail. SREs are people
           | responsible for the site being up and running. If there's a
           | problem, you get alerted and it's up to you to fix it,
           | whatever it takes.
           | 
           | I only know Mr. Sustrik from this one article but had to
           | mention this because it was just a too low hanging fruit in
           | terms of criticism.
        
             | pcthrowaway wrote:
             | Not to mention, he has awareness of the ways people
             | absolved themselves of responsibility during the holocaust,
             | but fails to take accountability for his work at a company
             | supporting an ongoing genocide (whether or not he had any
             | involvement with Project Lavender)
        
           | throwanem wrote:
           | Frankly, if the author has Google-style FU money and can find
           | no better way than this to spend that and his time alike, ego
           | isn't the first of his faculties I see cause to question.
           | 
           | Doesn't surprise me to learn he's big on LW, though. A
           | bloodless, passionless dork who mistakes dollars for IQ
           | points and of whom it's not obvious he ever had an original
           | thought? He might have been made in a lab for those sad nerd
           | wannabes to identify with.
        
         | gsf_emergency wrote:
         | Maybe he thinks it's too early to get sued over a blog-- he's
         | only just got to the HN frontpage for the first time this year?
         | 
         | Subtext of his previous blogpost:
         | 
         |  _Capitalism is powered by greed._
         | 
         | https://250bpm.substack.com/p/per-tribalismum-ad-astra
         | 
         | EDIT: another post of his that got traction ~5 yrs ago was
         | about the Swiss political system (Swiss are a pragmatic culture
         | though afaik he's Slovak so we might have to account for some
         | Iron Curtain baggage)
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=23881309
        
           | bflesch wrote:
           | Maybe he quit google after 6 months, I don't know. It's easy
           | to talk about greedy capitalism once you've made it. It's a
           | bit harder to live by these kind of ideals for the whole
           | duration of your career.
        
         | n_ary wrote:
         | > he explains his skills as a Google Site Reliabiliy Engineer
         | and his glorious work on improving gmail post-mortems right
         | after the section where a hospital team saves various people in
         | a mass casuality situation by empowering nurses to perform
         | formally doctor-only tasks.
         | 
         | Isn't this the practice we do to sell ourselves during
         | interview about quantifying our work and value?
         | 
         | I firmly believe that the author is the perfect interview
         | candidate who will pass an engineering interview with flying
         | colors. For rest of us, "so erm... I fixed a bug which allowed
         | my employer to scale quicker globally during natural disasters
         | and erm... allow emergency response teams to coordinate. My
         | manager tells me it saves billions of life but I do not have
         | access to actual numbers but the number of promotion each of my
         | managers get when I fix a bug tells me, my contribution has
         | good values".
         | 
         | P.S. Off-topic.
        
           | closewith wrote:
           | I think it's firmly on-topic as the author clearly suffers
           | from delusions of grandeur which causes them to greatly
           | overestimate the impact of their actions, leading them to
           | flawed conclusions about accountability.
        
         | cubefox wrote:
         | > The reader can feel a glimpse of the author's ego the moment
         | he explains his skills as a Google Site Reliabiliy Engineer and
         | his glorious work on improving gmail post-mortems
         | 
         | That's a horrible take. He did nothing of that sort. He didn't
         | say anything about his skills, nor did he say anything about
         | improving Gmail postmortems. You made everything up. He was
         | just mentioning the fact that in this case, limited
         | accountability when handling emergencies has strong benefits.
        
       | rwmj wrote:
       | _> Eventually, employees noticed a problem: The card design only
       | allowed for 24 characters, but some applicants had names longer
       | than that. They raised the issue with the business team._
       | 
       | I'm looking at you, ANA Mileage Club card! 24 characters should
       | be enough for anyone according to their database. They even have
       | a whole page dedicated to how you should work around it (I tried,
       | this procedure & indeed it lets you truncate your name, but then
       | you won't be able to associate any tickets you purchase in your
       | real name with the card).
       | https://www.ana.co.jp/en/jp/amc/reference/merit/procedure/in...
        
         | nottorp wrote:
         | That's a .jp site. Is it 24 kanji? That should be plenty of
         | space :)
        
           | rwmj wrote:
           | Yup, 24 moji :-)
        
       | satisfice wrote:
       | I am deeply suspicious of "blameless" post mortems. I agree that
       | we should work in ways that minimize fear. We should, to some
       | degree, celebrate the learning we glean from our failures.
       | 
       | But I keep seeing "blameless" being construed as lying about why
       | something happened. It's construed in such as way that anyone can
       | hide from their misdeeds. People screw up, and we need to hold
       | them accountable, and THEY need to hold THEMSELVES accountable.
       | Not necessarily with "punishment" (what does that even mean in a
       | professional context) but perhaps atonement and retraining.
        
         | rollcat wrote:
         | Sometimes failure comes from inherent risks. Sometimes we don't
         | know what we don't know. You can't account for every possible
         | factor, you'll be stuck in analysis paralysis while the world
         | moves on.
         | 
         | If we're speaking of a justice system in more general terms, I
         | agree with your line of thinking. I believe that repairing the
         | damage and reintegrating with society would be far more
         | effective than incarceration or other forms of punishment. Fear
         | is a seed, you reap what you sow.
         | 
         | (Yes there are extreme cases. Still the long-term goal should
         | be to minimise harm, not bring punishment.)
        
         | jldugger wrote:
         | I'm nearly wrapping up Sydney Dekker's book _Just Culture_, and
         | Allspaw has a few pages in it. And preceding that is a section
         | titled "blame-free is not accountability-free."
         | 
         | Accountability under Dekker's restorative justice model means
         | providing a complete record of what happened, so the justice
         | system can focus on who was harmed and who needs to repair that
         | harm. In some ways I think they can end up mirroring the
         | typical punitive justice system, when the person who needs to
         | repair harm matches what we would call a guilty party in other
         | circumstances. But the idea is not to lie about what happened!
         | It's to expand the network of causality beyond a simple thought
         | terminating "Bob did it" so we can address the systemic
         | problems that led to Bob doing the wrong thing.
         | 
         | > Not necessarily with "punishment" (what does that even mean
         | in a professional context)
         | 
         | A few options depending on profession:
         | 
         | 1. Demotion 2. Pay cuts or fines 3. Firing 4. Loss of
         | certification, thus preventing this person from ever working in
         | the field again 5. Jail time, preventing this person from even
         | being in society for some time, perhaps forever.
         | 
         | Dekker's book is full of examples of professionals facing all
         | of the above consequences. If you don't think these punishments
         | are applied to the SRE community Allspaw addressed when
         | originally describing "blameless postmortems" then you probably
         | want to read the all time highest upvoted post to
         | /r/cscareerquestions, "Accidentally destroyed production
         | database on first day of a job, and was told to leave, on top
         | of this i was told by the CTO that they need to get legal
         | involved, how screwed am i?"[1]
         | 
         | [1]:
         | https://www.reddit.com/r/cscareerquestions/comments/6ez8ag/a...
        
       | svilen_dobrev wrote:
       | Here another two of Sustrik's gems..
       | 
       | Anti-social Punishment: https://250bpm.com/blog:132/
       | 
       | Technocratic Plimsoll Line: https://250bpm.com/blog:176/
       | 
       | seems lesswrong has all of them, older and newer:
       | https://www.lesswrong.com/users/sustrik?from=post_header
        
       | throwanem wrote:
       | I'd say he loves the sound of his own voice, but everything
       | worthwhile here is in a blockquote. Oh well, even a poor collator
       | has value as such.
        
         | dijit wrote:
         | And what value did this comment create?
         | 
         | While we're being unnecessarily rude, and discussing people who
         | enjoy the sounds of their own voice and lacking substance.
        
           | throwanem wrote:
           | "Unnecessarily?"
           | 
           | And hon, unlike most in this dawning age of LLM slop
           | replacing human speech, I _deserve_ to enjoy the sound of my
           | own voice. People tell me as much almost every day! Think of
           | me as Wittgenstein 's lion. Don't expect to be able to make
           | sense of me.
        
       | cheschire wrote:
       | I always remind myself when I have to go to the DMV[0] that I
       | should plan on leaving with nothing more than another action or
       | set of actions to take. I never enter the DMV expecting to
       | complete a process, and the workers behind the counter always
       | have this visible, visceral response when I DONT lose my fucking
       | mind at their response to something. When I continue to be
       | pleasant and understanding it's like they suddenly come alive.
       | It's a depressing state of affairs because I understand exactly
       | what they expect and why.
       | 
       | 0: for non-Americans and for Americans from other states that may
       | use different terms, the DMV is the department of motor vehicles
       | in many US states and is the central place to get your drivers
       | license, take the drivers test, register your car, get vehicle
       | license plates, etc. Many processes that have many requirements
       | that often are unfulfilled when people show up asking for things.
        
         | sails wrote:
         | Interesting distinction is deliberate vs unintentional
         | accountability sinks.
         | 
         | DMV sounds more like incompetence than design. Compare with
         | airline where the system is "better" when you have no recourse.
        
           | mannykannot wrote:
           | Starting in four days, you will need, to board a commercial
           | flight in the US or enter a federal government facility,
           | either a passport, an 'enhanced' or 'real ID' driver's
           | license, or one of a small class of alternatives. This has
           | increased the burden on state DMVs, and any resulting
           | deepening of the accountability sink is at least partly due
           | to not doing anything to mitigate a predictable situation.
        
           | dghlsakjg wrote:
           | The DMV is frequently just a case of under resourcing. For
           | the most part, once you get to the counter your business can
           | be handled in a few minutes. It's the fact that it takes a
           | while to get to the counter that's the issue.
        
         | dendodge wrote:
         | Off-topic, but since you mention it, I've always been confused
         | about what Americans always seem to be doing at the DMV. It
         | seems to be a staple of pop culture that people are always
         | there and the queue is always very long, but I've never known
         | what anyone is actually trying to achieve.
         | 
         | The DVLA in the UK doesn't have a high-street presence. I took
         | my driving test once, then received my driving licence in the
         | post. When it needs renewing, I can do it online. I tax my car
         | online. MOTs (annual vehicle safety tests) happen at any local
         | garage. I've never needed a new numberplate, but I think you
         | can buy those online too.
         | 
         | So what is it you all have to go to the DMV for? Because it
         | sounds horrible.
        
           | dpb001 wrote:
           | In the US we don't have a single DMV, but rather 50 separate
           | DMV's with varying degrees of efficiency and online
           | capabilities. But in my state most routine things no longer
           | require a physical visit. Licensing is pretty tightly
           | controlled because in the US the card serves as a primary
           | source of identification in the absence of a national ID
           | card.
        
           | bluedino wrote:
           | We have kiosks at grocery stores etc where we can get renew
           | documents and print new license tabs etc, you can also do
           | most things online and receive your new documents in the
           | mail.
           | 
           | You really only need to go there for driving tests (for
           | teenagers or immigrants), completing private vehicle sales,
           | and other odds and ends
           | 
           | What I always found interesting is going there and people
           | arguing with the workers about not having proof of insurance
           | or a clear title etc.
        
           | sneak wrote:
           | Until recently you couldn't do much online with the
           | government in the US. In Nevada, you can do most of the
           | routine stuff online now, too.
        
           | lantry wrote:
           | It's different in every state, but mostly it's an outdated
           | stereotype that still sticks around even though it's not
           | really indicative of reality. Most states let you do almost
           | everything online, and when you do have to go in you can
           | usually schedule an appointment and not wait in line at all.
        
             | goldfishgold wrote:
             | Lol. I went the NY DMV a month ago to exchange my out of
             | state license. Even with an appointment, a preapproved
             | application completed online, and all the correct paperwork
             | I had to wait 2 hours.
             | 
             | My experiences with the CA DMV were similar. Only in IL
             | have I had quick, easy visits to the DMV
        
               | deltaburnt wrote:
               | Usually dependent on the area and their population
               | density. I know people who would drive out to more rural
               | areas just to get a quicker DMV experience.
               | 
               | The whole taking appointments but still making you wait
               | kills me a little inside though. There's a world where
               | these processes could be so seamless.
        
               | bee_rider wrote:
               | I had an ok time with the NY DMV. I think it just depends
               | on when you go. If less people would go when it was busy,
               | I guess the reputation would be better, haha!
        
           | op00to wrote:
           | Because of the importance of driving in the US (right or
           | wrong), drivers licenses are used as the primary
           | identification document. It looks like there's a similar use
           | of the DL in the UK for buying tobacco.
           | 
           | In the US, you need to prove both residency and identity. To
           | prove your identity in the US, many people don't have
           | passports, so they bring a tranche of documents to the DMV
           | office. To prove residency, we typically bring utility bills,
           | leases, etc. Usually people prefer to go in person so they
           | don't lose these documents and get feedback if they don't
           | have the right stuff.
           | 
           | It looks like in the UK, since driving licenses are
           | administered nationally, you don't have the same patchwork of
           | 50 different organizations with different requirements and
           | rules, and the process is much simpler.
           | 
           | I haven't been to a DMV for 10 years. I can renew vehicle
           | registration, renew my license, and so on online. When I
           | bought a new car, the dealer handled all DMV stuff like
           | getting plates.
           | 
           | I'm supposed to be due to get a new "enhanced" license that
           | is good for air travel within the US, but I have a number of
           | other documents (passport, global entry) that serve the same
           | purpose so I avoid the DMV as much as possible.
           | 
           | In my state the DMV is probably worse than a checkup at the
           | dentist, but not as bad as a weekend with the in-laws.
        
             | hliyan wrote:
             | If a person does not (and does not want to) drive, how do
             | they identify themselves? Where I live, everyone gets a
             | government issue ID card, and the ID number is the
             | citizen's primary key. Our government is still largely
             | paper-driven, but there's little you can't get done if you
             | show up in person with your national ID.
        
               | artimaeis wrote:
               | Every state in the US has some form of non-driver ID.
               | They call them different things - but they're still
               | usually administered by the state's DMV, since that's the
               | office that is equipped to deal with identification
               | procedures anyways.
               | 
               | In the US we don't have a standard form of national ID.
        
               | dendodge wrote:
               | Driving licences are also the primary form of ID in the
               | UK (alongside passports, which are more expensive).
               | People who can't (or don't) drive can still get a
               | provisional licence, which only allows driving under the
               | supervision of an appropriate adult but works exactly the
               | same for ID purposes.
        
             | rocqua wrote:
             | You hit uppon an important difference between the US and
             | most of Europe/the UK. An system for tracking who your
             | citizens are. In the Netherlands, where I live, the
             | municipalities cooperate to keep track of all citizens, and
             | their address (or lack thereof). This means that you never
             | need to convince any beaurocrat that your identity exists.
             | You might need to authenticate that you are indeed who you
             | claim to be, but that is normally trivial (Show government
             | photo id).
             | 
             | This simplifies the process massively.
        
               | Nebasuke wrote:
               | The UK should not be included in here. There is no
               | official national system for keeping track of citizens
               | and municipalities barely cooperate. This means you have
               | to keep proving your address for things like an opening a
               | bank account.
               | 
               | This is due to a historical political issue and repeal of
               | a national identification system, see also
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identity_Cards_Act_2006.
        
           | dsego wrote:
           | > MOTs (annual vehicle safety tests) happen at any local
           | garage.
           | 
           | Oh, I think we should have that in Croatia, since I'm doing
           | yearly car service at my dealership and than still need to
           | take my car to our national inspection station to get the car
           | certificate renewed. Not sure why can't they organize a
           | system were certified car garages can also inspect the
           | vehicle and notify the Center for Vehicles. Maybe that would
           | allow for more cheating but it's not like inspection stations
           | employees are currently immune to taking a small bribe to
           | overlook minor issues during the inspection.
        
             | lmz wrote:
             | The incentives are very different - private garages would
             | be very incentivized to find nothing wrong with your car
             | and business would gravitate to those with the least
             | checks. The government stations would not have that
             | incentive (actually maybe incentivized the other way - to
             | make up problems that can be waved away with money,
             | depending on how corrupt things are there)
        
               | dendodge wrote:
               | I'd have thought the private garages would also be
               | incentivised to find problems - that they can then offer
               | to fix for an additional fee.
               | 
               | As it is, I think most garages that offer MOTs in the UK
               | are fair and honest, as the test is relatively strictly
               | regulated, but I'm sure people do get ripped off.
        
               | rocqua wrote:
               | The Netherlands has private garages do the yearly
               | recertification inspection (APK here). There was a recent
               | rise in 'remote inspections' where the garages had
               | figured out tricks to avoid spot checks. This involved
               | tricks like 'file the inspection very close before 17:00'
               | or 'file the inspection result right before an actual
               | true inspection' because apparently spot checks look at
               | the last inspection.
               | 
               | They noticed the tricks as patterns, and are handling it.
               | My point is, there is an incentive for private garages to
               | do fraud here.
        
           | steveBK123 wrote:
           | Remember US has no National ID card. America has 50 states,
           | each state has its own ID and DMV.
           | 
           | Plenty of Americans move states, remember some of our states
           | are reasonably small enough that you might commute to the
           | same NYC job from any of 4 different states. I have a friend
           | who sequentially moved NY->NJ->CT->NY in something like 6
           | years.
           | 
           | Also I forget why but when I moved WITHIN a state 10 years
           | ago, it required a DMV trip. edit: apparently within NY
           | moving COUNTIES at the time required DMV trip (insane)
           | 
           | Oh and the recent push for "Real ID" enhanced IDs requires a
           | trip to DMV. I've avoided this and just been prepared to fly
           | domestically with my passport.
        
             | acheron wrote:
             | Real ID requirements started 20 years ago, which I suppose
             | is "recent" in government terms, but not really. In some
             | states everyone has already had a Real ID compliant license
             | for years. In others, notably California, they've been
             | kicking the can down the road the entire time.
        
               | steveBK123 wrote:
               | Well this year supposedly they are finally going to be
               | required at airports so it's really real :-)
        
           | toast0 wrote:
           | In my experience, the DMV (or whatever its called) likes to
           | see you in person for license renewals every so often. Get a
           | new photo, make sure you can see the eye chart.
           | 
           | I've always gone into the DMV when I purchased a vehicle from
           | a private party. In California, it has taken me a couple
           | visits; the first visit with the title and sale
           | documentation, the second with the emissions test
           | documentation that the seller was legally suppossed to
           | provide at the time of the sale but practically, the buyer
           | must provide to register the vehicle. Maybe you can do this
           | by mail, but if you do it in person, you walk out with
           | documents so you can legally drive the car. If you buy a car
           | from a dealer, they take care of this paperwork for you,
           | which used to mean having someone stand in line at the DMV
           | and process a bunch of transactions, but now they can
           | typically do it electronically.
           | 
           | If you move to another state, you need to get a new license
           | and retitle and reregister your car; this usually happens in
           | person, and most states have a requirement to do it in under
           | a month. If your car has a loan, expect multiple trips to get
           | it registered... the first trip will let you know what you
           | need from the finance company; the second will bring that
           | back and get registration; then when you eventually pay off
           | the loan and get the title, you'll need to bring that in so
           | you can get the title issued in your current state.
        
           | scarface_74 wrote:
           | You usually don't. Licenses can be renewed online until you
           | reach a certain age in some states where you have to go in to
           | take an eye test. Car dealers will handle registration. If
           | you buy from a private party you have to go in.
           | 
           | In metropolitan areas that have make you get car inspections
           | like Atlanta, you go to a third party where the price is
           | regulated and they send the results in. You still can do
           | everything on line
        
         | dsego wrote:
         | Kafkaesque bureaucracy, it's common to a lot of government
         | institutions, they send you from one window to the next, there
         | is always paperwork missing or something needs to be stamped.
         | It seems like the whole process is not to serve the people but
         | just there to perpetuate itself.
        
       | oleggromov wrote:
       | I once booked a plane ticket from my home town airport to another
       | country. The purchase notification said something like "PVA"
       | instead of "POV". I looked it up and turned out, the newly built
       | airport that had this exact code was about to open. In a week or
       | so, so I assumed that I'm indeed flying from the new one and
       | forgot about it. The purchase was made through a booking
       | aggregator similar to Expedia.
       | 
       | On the day of travel I took a taxi to the new airport, which is
       | 40 km outside the city. The taxi driver couldn't care less about
       | where I was going. Upon arrival, there was much fewer people than
       | I expected but I shrugged it off. At the entrance though I was
       | asked where I was going and if I was an employee. Apparently the
       | new airport was still closed and my fight was from the old, still
       | functioning one. The one with the code not shown in the ticket
       | purchase receipts.
       | 
       | Panicking since it was only about an hour until departure, I took
       | a taxi back to the old airport, which was a desperate 40-50
       | minute drive to only realize the plane had already left.
       | 
       | I was flying abroad, with a connection the next morning, about 10
       | hours later. So I thought that the problem could be solved by
       | just arriving there by any other flight, which I booked almost
       | immediately. However, the airline representative (yes, there was
       | a human to speak to that I could reach easily by phone) told me
       | that a no-show for any segment of the flight invalidates all
       | subsequent ones. There was no way I could convince her that it
       | wasn't my fault. Perhaps there was a rigid process in place that
       | disallowed her from helping, even though I'd make it to the
       | second flight on time.
       | 
       | I ended up buying 2 new tickets, of course more expensive and
       | less convenient ones. This taught me an important and rather
       | expensive lesson on why connected flights with a single airline
       | are sometimes the worst.
       | 
       | Funnily enough, I was bitten by this rule one more time when I
       | didn't show to a flight in to the country due to visa issues (it
       | was covid time) and wasn't allowed on the flight out of it
       | because I didn't show up to the 1st flight, the flights being 1
       | week apart - but booked in one go.
       | 
       | As to the previous situation, I managed to get compensated by the
       | airline (not even the intermediary!) about a year later after
       | posting a huge rant on Facebook and getting their attention to
       | the situation.
        
         | Pamar wrote:
         | Yes, sorry for your problem but no-shows automatically
         | invalidate everything else. If you decide to cancel part of a
         | trip due to unexpected events, train strikes or whatever that
         | is not directly under control of the airline itself you must
         | contact them and make sure they will not cancel the rest
         | (including the return flight).
        
           | oleggromov wrote:
           | Leaving aside the no-show rule, which doesn't make much sense
           | to me, this situation is a good example of an accountability
           | sink.
           | 
           | The intermediary I booked the tickets with made an obvious
           | mistake and showed the wrong airport code. Maybe the airport
           | opening was meant to happen earlier, and the intermediary had
           | already updated their emails or something like that. They
           | refused to do anything meaningful and did not even
           | acknowledge their mistake.
           | 
           | The fact that I was compensated by the airline that had
           | nothing to do with this mistake is even more astonishing to
           | me, although they were obviously protecting their brand
           | reputation.
        
             | Pamar wrote:
             | I was not trying to dispute the accountability part. Btw my
             | company was hit by the delayed opening of BER airport.
             | Colleagues had to rebook thousands of tickets because the
             | BER iata code had to be "retconned" to use TXL again... so
             | I am more than happy to sympathetic with your problem,
             | trust me.
        
             | charcircuit wrote:
             | >Leaving aside the no-show rule, which doesn't make much
             | sense to me
             | 
             | A->B->C can be cheaper than B->C. If people could skip
             | flight A, then people already in B would buy the cheaper
             | A->B->C.
        
               | vishnugupta wrote:
               | I could probably be convinced of this reason.
               | 
               | But why would they cancel B-A when there's a no show for
               | A-B? More so when there's a few days gap between A-B and
               | B-A? The only issue being they were booked as a single
               | itinerary/PNR. I don't see what cost has got anything to
               | do with it.
        
               | Pamar wrote:
               | Because they could use the now "vacated" seats for:
               | 
               | - Last minute travellers (who pay significantly higher
               | for this)
               | 
               | - move their own personnel from B to A
               | 
               | - alleviating problems caused by overbooking, canceled
               | flights, delayed flights or any other disruption.
        
         | switch007 wrote:
         | > There was no way I could convince her that it wasn't my
         | fault. Perhaps there was a rigid process in place that
         | disallowed her from helping, even though I'd make it to the
         | second flight on time.
         | 
         | Yeah they generally have the capability to prevent that auto
         | cancellation of your segments (within a certain time frame) but
         | in this case unfortunately they were unwilling or it was too
         | late to catch it.
         | 
         | It's generally to protect revenue because buying A-B-C instead
         | of B-C can be cheaper, and hoards of people used to just
         | segments to save money. So they just assume everyone is trying
         | to cheat them.
        
           | oleggromov wrote:
           | > It's generally to protect revenue because buying A-B-C
           | instead of B-C can be cheaper, and hoards of people used to
           | just segments to save money. So they just assume everyone is
           | trying to cheat them.
           | 
           | Isn't it ridiculous in the first place that flying A-B-C is
           | less expensive than B-C? These are the pricing games airlines
           | deliberately play to make more money out of nothing.
        
             | Pamar wrote:
             | This is just an oversimplification though. If you had any
             | experience about travel industry (or logistics) you would
             | understand things much better.
             | 
             | Here is an example for you (from logistics): Sending a
             | truck from Berlin to - say - Gyor may cost 3 times less
             | than sending the same truck from Gyor to Berlin - even on
             | the same exact date.
             | 
             | Is this because shipping companies try to make money out of
             | nothing, for you?
        
               | xingped wrote:
               | I think that's a misrepresentation though because A to B
               | is not a subset of B to A. Whereas B to C is a subset of
               | A to B to C.
        
               | Pamar wrote:
               | If you are answering to my Berlin->Gyor example:
               | 
               | Yes, it is not _exactly_ the same thing but the point is:
               | by getting off at B you are making the B- >C flight
               | travel with a wasted (empty) seat. Which they would have
               | preferred to either sell to someone else or use for
               | moving a pilot or technician to C.
               | 
               | (Note also that this trick of getting out mid-itinerary
               | only works if you do not have checked baggage, because
               | that will arrive in C, and neither the airline nor the
               | airport will be happy to reroute it to wherever you thing
               | you want to go next.
               | 
               | Flying is expensive and logistically complex. Just making
               | sure you end up where your ticket say is complicated. If
               | you (as a customer) decide to change your plans you are
               | making everything more complicated (and possibly
               | preventing other customers to pay for the whole
               | itinerary).
        
               | nothrabannosir wrote:
               | A fair comparison would not be the return, but Berlin-
               | Gyor being more expensive than Vilnius-Berlin-Gyor. Is
               | that common in logistics, in your experience?
        
               | Pamar wrote:
               | This was a fabricated example, actually: I work in
               | tourism not in logistic (but I have friends in that
               | field).
               | 
               | My point was that to the layman this does not make any
               | sense while if you are managing a shipping company you
               | soon realize that some destination are more profitable
               | because your truck that was maybe taking specialized
               | replacements parts from A to B can easily pick up some
               | other stuff to send back to A, while travelling in the
               | opposite direction your truck has a high chance to travel
               | empty on retutning to base... but you still have to pay
               | the drivers, the fuel, the maintenance and possibly
               | tolls.
        
               | nothrabannosir wrote:
               | The point some of us are making in the replies is that,
               | while true, this is not an appropriate comparison to
               | airline travel rules.
               | 
               | Do you agree there is a difference between charging more
               | for a return, vs charging more for a leg of a compound
               | trip?
        
               | oleggromov wrote:
               | Of course I can understand it from their point of view.
               | But this doesn't make it any more sensible to me as a
               | consumer of their services.
               | 
               | In the aforementioned situation I wasn't trying to
               | exploit the airline, it was a simple mistake that
               | happened and could be easily alleviated. But the rigid
               | processes, precisely the ones where accountability sinks,
               | made it impossible for the humans involved to correct the
               | mistake.
               | 
               | I still stand by the ridiculousness of that. If not the
               | logistics quirks per se, then the fact that this
               | completely unrelated matter dictated the resolution of
               | the situation against common sense and my interest.
               | 
               | What makes this even worse is that presumably the PR
               | department of that very company had to be involved later
               | and they still spent their employees' time and money to
               | compensate me for the mistake that could be corrected for
               | free.
        
               | freehorse wrote:
               | And what is the actual explanation that actually makes
               | sense (apart from profit increase)?
               | 
               | I have booked flights A->B->C and got down at B because
               | that was cheaper than booking A->B only. Not sure where
               | this all makes sense at all.
        
               | Pamar wrote:
               | The full explanation would take a wall of text (and still
               | let you unconvinced because you feel entitled to do as
               | you please, probably).
               | 
               | Super-condensed version: civilian flight are a pretty
               | difficult "product" to handle efficiently. Price
               | increases until 1 minute before closing the airplane
               | doors, then falls to zero. On top of that, the product
               | "provider" also needs its own product in order to move
               | personnel and technicians all over the globe, but of
               | course they cannot just cannibalize their own products
               | beyond the point of profitability.
               | 
               | Plus they have to handle rebookings and passenger
               | protection in cases like delays, sudden airport close-
               | down and so on. (Have you ever been on a waiting list,
               | btw?).
               | 
               | All this is pretty complicated to manage already, so they
               | need to exert as much control as possible on yield and
               | occupancy.
               | 
               | TL;DR: a flight is not a bus ride. So if you just decide
               | to cut it short the airline will try to reuse your vacant
               | space for whatever reason.
        
               | oleggromov wrote:
               | It seems to me that since airlines can't force you on a
               | plane except for taking your luggage hostage, you're free
               | to drop as long of a 'tail' as you wish. I'm wondering
               | whether they'd put you on a black list or something for
               | doing this consistently.
        
               | scarface_74 wrote:
               | It's called "skip lagging". The airline can possibly try
               | to collect money and if you do it often, ban you from
               | flying with them.
               | 
               | https://www.npr.org/2023/08/23/1194998452/skiplagging-
               | airfar...
               | 
               | The reason is happens is that take for instance ATL
               | (former home). ATL is a Delta hub and has direct flights
               | to a lot of places that other airlines don't. Between
               | people preferring direct flights and the lack of
               | competition, they can charge more.
               | 
               | But flying out of MCO with a layover in ATl, they lose
               | the non stop flight advantage and they have to compete
               | with other airlines.
               | 
               | Also ATL sees a lot more price insensitive business
               | travelers than MCO. Businesses aren't going to force
               | their salespeople and consultants on one of the low cost
               | carriers.
        
             | charcircuit wrote:
             | >Isn't it ridiculous in the first place that flying A-B-C
             | is less expensive than B-C?
             | 
             | It's no more ridiculous than something being cheaper at a
             | liquidation store than a retail store.
        
         | vishnugupta wrote:
         | OMG this stirred my memories. I was interviewing with companies
         | in Amsterdam and Berlin. The Berlin recruiter made onward and
         | return flight bookings for me from India. I though went to
         | Amsterdam first on a separate flight because I was juggling the
         | schedule. I thought it's no big deal didn't bother informing
         | the recruiter of my side arrangement.
         | 
         | I then took a train to Berlin from Amsterdam, finished the
         | interview and went to the airport for my return flight that was
         | booked by the recruiter. To my absolute horror I was told that
         | since my onward journey was a no show the whole PNR was
         | cancelled. I felt like an idiot. Since then I double and triple
         | check whenever I'm booking flight tickets.
        
           | oleggromov wrote:
           | Sorry to hear that. Sounds like not a lot of fun!
        
         | crazygringo wrote:
         | > _So I thought that the problem could be solved by just
         | arriving there by any other flight, which I booked almost
         | immediately._
         | 
         | Why did you do that? Especially when that cost you extra money?
         | 
         | You should have talked to the airline directly, explained you'd
         | missed your flight because they gave you the wrong airport, and
         | _the airline_ would have rebooked you and everything would have
         | been fine. People miss flights all the time and this is an
         | entirely normal process.
         | 
         | It's been standard practice for a long time if you miss a first
         | leg, that you forfeit the rest. They're going to reuse those
         | seats for e.g. other people who missed _their_ original
         | flights. It 's a type of flexibility built into the whole
         | system.
         | 
         | Connecting flights are super useful because you can work with
         | the airline to reschedule the whole thing, and the airline is
         | responsible if you can't make a connection because an earlier
         | leg is delayed.
         | 
         | I truly don't understand why you would have taken it into your
         | own hands to buy a separate replacement ticket on your own,
         | instead of talking to the airline. Even in your second example,
         | why didn't you work with the airline to reschedule your missed
         | flight? Even if they for some reason can't reschedule, they
         | will often keep your return flight valid if you have an
         | obviously good reason (e.g. a visa issue during COVID). But you
         | do have to contact them immediately.
         | 
         | I'm sorry you didn't know how all this worked, but when in
         | doubt, contact customer service ASAP to see if they can help.
         | Don't just go buy separate tickets on your own, and then assume
         | later legs will still be valid. That's not how it works.
        
           | mucle6 wrote:
           | This reminds me of the quote "I know just enough to be
           | dangerous"
           | 
           | I wonder how long until we have an AI on our shoulder saying
           | "Hey why are you booking a new flight, there is a better
           | option"
        
       | DangerousPie wrote:
       | Interesting article, but picking Johnson and Cummings's handling
       | of Covid as a positive example is a very odd choice, given their
       | falling out and the numerous corruption allegations and
       | parliamentary inquiries into their actions since then.
        
         | MzxgckZtNqX5i wrote:
         | I 100% agree with you, but it looks like that specific, single
         | instance is a clear example of the famous broken clock being
         | right twice a day.
        
         | ninalanyon wrote:
         | Surely it is that specific example that counts. It seems
         | perverse to dismiss one sensible decision on the grounds that
         | the persons concerned made many other bad decisions. It's the
         | decision that is the focus not the persons making it.
        
       | ninalanyon wrote:
       | > Bad people react to this by getting angry at the gate
       | attendant; good people walk away stewing with thwarted rage.
       | 
       | I disagree, slightly. We have to expect some degree of ethical
       | behaviour from everyone, even those who nominally have no room to
       | manoeuvre. If everyone in such positions were to disobey unjust
       | orders the orders would eventually have to change.
       | 
       | Walking away stewing in rage does nothing except fill you with
       | damaging hormones.
        
         | lazide wrote:
         | and enables the situation at the expense of your own health.
        
         | red_admiral wrote:
         | If I ever feel like writing my own "12 Rules for Life", one of
         | them is going to be called "Don't yell at the Barista" or some
         | version of that. You can get angry, but not at the person who
         | would probably get fired for showing initiative. Find the
         | people actually responsible and yell at them.
        
           | ninalanyon wrote:
           | Being angry is not synonymous with being abusive. Your
           | assumption that they would be fired for showing initiative
           | says a lot about the society that _you_ live in. I 'm glad
           | that generally where I live we expect people to take
           | responsibility and their managers to support them. It doesn't
           | always work of course.
        
       | ffsm8 wrote:
       | It's only related to what he wrote but it reminded me of
       | something that low-key annoys me whenever I hear Americans talk
       | about the Holocaust.
       | 
       | I know he only touches on it very slightly and indirectly raises
       | a related point to what annoys me about most coverage about it.
       | 
       | It's pretty simply that the people that were systematically
       | slaughtered during that time period were classified to be Jews,
       | Gypsies and other "undesirables", but they were first and
       | foremost _German_ and identified as such. Nazi Germany didn 't
       | kill "other" people, it systematically alienated groups of the
       | population to then eradicate them, by first walling them off to
       | make communication impossible, then spreading enough propaganda
       | to make the average Joe no longer consider them his neighbor.
       | 
       | Seeing the social climate all over the world change, chief among
       | them Americas, does make me think this lesson hasn't been taken
       | in whatsoever.
       | 
       | The first step to atrocities is always to cut of communication
       | between the groups, and people nowadays are actively doing that
       | themselves now - not artificially enforced like it was back then.
        
         | lazide wrote:
         | At first yes, because they had control over the German Jews. It
         | expanded of course as their control spread through conquering.
        
           | ffsm8 wrote:
           | Absolutely, the atrocities didn't stop there. That was only
           | the beginning. I didn't mean to insinuate that only Germans
           | were mistreated. The sociopaths running the government in
           | Nazi Germany were very methodical about it and forced
           | everyone into becoming either a collaborator or victim
           | themselves, facilitating even more atrocities as WW2
           | progressed
        
       | franze wrote:
       | I'm now in a stage of my consulting career where I sometimes
       | really get called into big organisation just to find out, that
       | whatever they need to do is already panned out and they all want
       | to do it! Still they call me cause ... it's a big decision and
       | the "higher ups" (which quite often are not even part of the
       | workshop/session then) want an external expert voice. cause the
       | responsibility for this decision lies with them and they can not
       | share it up or sideways, so they share the responsibility partly
       | external.
       | 
       | As the plan quote often (not always) is already very good I
       | mostly end up making sure the goal is measurable in a
       | quantitative and qualitative way, trends towards to and away from
       | the goal are visually available and distributed , and its clear
       | who is responsible to look and report them.
        
         | praptak wrote:
         | Ah yes, ass cover as a service.
         | 
         | There's a classic article (2010) about it:
         | https://thetech.com/2010/04/09/dubai-v130-n18 (HN:
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=1257644)
         | 
         | The difference is that while the decision has been made, it
         | isn't necessarily very good.
        
           | lazide wrote:
           | Often, getting a decision (ANY decision) made is both
           | absolutely critical, and with all the ass covering and office
           | politics involved, nearly impossible. Even if (or sometimes
           | _especially_ ) it's patently obvious to everyone what the
           | decision should be.
        
             | praptak wrote:
             | Yeah I guess there's a continuum between a) hiring someone
             | impartial and not entangled politically to advise on an
             | important decision and break the deadlock and b) paying
             | someone to justify an obviously crappy decision while
             | providing ass cover.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | In any sufficiently large organization, these are the
               | same thing.
        
         | apercu wrote:
         | >I mostly end up making sure the goal is measurable in a
         | quantitative and qualitative way, trends towards to and away
         | from the goal are visually available and distributed , and its
         | clear who is responsible to look and report them.
         | 
         | Unrelated to the post, but it sounds like you and I do similar
         | work and have arrived at similar conclusions but I often fail
         | to get organizations to actually spend the correct amount of
         | time identifying these success indicators - which I think are
         | critical to focus and scope stability. I'd love to chat
         | sometime.
        
         | apples_oranges wrote:
         | I always thought that was a big reason for buying external
         | consulting. Reminds me of that George Clooney Movie
        
           | nkrisc wrote:
           | Michael Clayton?
        
             | belter wrote:
             | Probably more _Up in the Air_
        
               | nkrisc wrote:
               | Yeah that probably makes more sense.
        
         | belter wrote:
         | > I'm now in a stage of my consulting career where I sometimes
         | really get called into big organisation just to find out, that
         | whatever they need to do is already panned out and they all
         | want to do it! Still they call me cause ... it's a big decision
         | and the "higher ups" (which quite often are not even part of
         | the workshop/session then) want an external expert voice.
         | 
         | "Clients always know how to solve their problems, and always
         | tell the solution in the first five minutes."                 -
         | Gerald Marvin Weinberg         The Secrets of Consulting
         | 
         | https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/566213.The_Secrets_of_Co...
        
         | cbsmith wrote:
         | So basically, you're adding formal processes to ensure
         | accountability. ;-)
        
         | codeulike wrote:
         | This is no secret, most of "big 4" consulting is about telling
         | directors what they want to hear anyway (eg layoffs) but
         | wrapping that in a glossy report with a logo on it
        
       | xg15 wrote:
       | One example that's missing from the list is the TV series 24. A
       | recurring plot point was that, yes, of course torture is bad and
       | it's against the rules and we don't do it, etc etc, but it just
       | so happens that here is such an exceptional, unprecedented,
       | deeply urgent emergency situation where we need to have the
       | information _now_ or horrible things will happen, we need the
       | hero who breaks the rules and goes on torturing anyway. [1]
       | 
       | Fast-forward a few years and you find there were in fact many
       | such "heroes" in reality - in Abu Ghraib and in the Black Sites -
       | and the situation weren't exceptional at all.
       | 
       | So accountability sinks can also be used as calculated ways to
       | undermine your own ostensible ethical guardrails.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-
       | radio/2017/jan/30/24-jack...
        
         | euroderf wrote:
         | Wasn't 24 cited by Cheney when he was defending USA-as-torturer
         | ?
        
           | dghlsakjg wrote:
           | Antonio Scalia name dropped Jack Bauer.
        
             | euroderf wrote:
             | That shows you the true depth of his legal thinking. Good
             | riddance.
        
         | HPsquared wrote:
         | Chomsky's "Manufacturing Consent" comes to mind here.
        
           | im3w1l wrote:
           | Another perspective is that it's a clever way of asking for
           | consent. Like a trial balloon, except not even carried out
           | for real. You get to see if the public approves of the
           | character or not, and then you decide how to proceed with
           | that information.
        
         | godelski wrote:
         | Convictions aren't convictions if you abandon them when it's
         | hard. It's just cosplay
        
           | Spivak wrote:
           | This is simplifying the definition to the point of defining
           | the term out of existence. No one actually has any
           | convictions in this world. This is actually kinda bad if your
           | goal is for people to really think about ethical issues and
           | try to maintain a degree of rational consistency.
           | 
           | Plus being so black and white in the manner you're describing
           | would.. well actually be really stupid a lot of the times.
           | The fact that Batman doesn't kill the Joker is a storytelling
           | device, in the real world it would be monumentally stupid to
           | do anything other than blow his brains out. Literally
           | millions of lives saved. But it also makes sense, and his
           | good, that Batman still maintain is strong conviction to not
           | kill despite choosing to do it sometimes.
           | 
           | Rules necessarily have exceptions and it's healthy to do so,
           | black and white thinking should be for the jedi/sith, not
           | real life humans.
        
             | vishnugupta wrote:
             | It's interesting that you picked up The Dark Knight. The
             | Joker says that he's only holding a mirror to the society
             | which I tend to agree with somewhat. He used the people
             | from inside the system to take on Batman and in fact
             | succeeds. Killing him would achieve absolutely nothing when
             | the system is so insidiously corrupt.
        
           | Viliam1234 wrote:
           | Also, if you do something every day, it is not an exception.
        
         | amos-burton wrote:
         | i see similarity too, but you dont explain why those people
         | feels the urge to act like they did. why both protagonists, be
         | it terrorist or counter, has some truth in their words; yet
         | here they are, acting out of their minds, yet the world never
         | was at stake to justify to let go like they did... to say that
         | this due to an "accountability sink" is an euphemism, a
         | theoretical concept that does not engage the internal
         | structures.
        
         | keyringlight wrote:
         | One of the things that strikes me about 24 is that it started
         | running about 2 months after the 9/11 attacks. I wouldn't be
         | surprised if there was a debate about running it or edits, but
         | in retrospect it does seem like the timing worked and fit with
         | the public mood of the time. What would be interesting is how
         | 9/11 and following real life events influenced the show's
         | writing in later series.
        
           | EasyMark wrote:
           | You don't put together and film a show in 2 months if that's
           | what you're implying here. it was planned for a long time
           | before that
        
             | antennafirepla wrote:
             | You're right, you plan them both together before the fact.
        
             | margalabargala wrote:
             | They are suggesting that the events of 9/11 would have made
             | the showrunners debate whether they should delay the
             | release of 24, or edit it to change the content somewhat.
        
         | vishnugupta wrote:
         | What's also interesting is that the tortured always turn out to
         | be the bad guys. It never happens that he mistakenly tortured a
         | good guy.
        
           | patrakov wrote:
           | But dear sir, we have an autocracy <cough cough> a known
           | corruption-free society with infallible and omniscient
           | leaders, so you are not even allowed <cough cough> only
           | reptilian slanderers would question the authorities.
        
           | maest wrote:
           | If they were good guys, we wouldn't be torturing them in the
           | first place, obviously.
        
         | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
         | I watched a season of _Chicago PD_ , and noticed that they had
         | a convenient "plot accelerator."
         | 
         | Whenever they got to a point, where the detectives and CSI
         | would be painstakingly going through the evidence, sifting out
         | clues, they'd throw the suspect into "the cage," and beat a
         | confession out of them.
        
           | jetrink wrote:
           | It is an accurate depiction of how Chicago police operated,
           | unfortunately. In fact, one Chicago detective who tortured
           | suspects went on to work as an interrogator at Guantanamo
           | Bay[2]. It's terrible that the series would glamorize that
           | behavior.
           | 
           | 1. https://chicagoreader.com/news/the-police-torture-
           | scandals-a...
           | 
           | 2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Zuley
        
           | smallmancontrov wrote:
           | Every police show aggressively pushes the "civil rights bad"
           | angle. Maybe once a season they will graciously consider
           | "maybe civil rights good?" for part of an episode before
           | concluding "no, civil rights bad."
        
             | finnh wrote:
             | s/show/department/
        
             | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
             | It seems to be a hallmark of Dick Wolf's shows.
             | 
             | His son is getting into the act, but seems to be more
             | interested in depicting "the right way."
             | 
             | His show is an Amazon show, named _On Call_ :
             | https://www.imdb.com/title/tt14582876/
             | 
             | I enjoyed it.
        
               | reneherse wrote:
               | I noticed the difference in this show as well, and I hope
               | it continues.
               | 
               | Besides any conscious philosophy of the producers &
               | writers, perhaps making the show more character driven as
               | opposed to procedural has an impact on the stories. Maybe
               | it's easier to understand when a suspect's rights are
               | being violated (and to not be banal about it) when you're
               | writing a deeper portrayal of the person who wields the
               | power.
        
               | hakfoo wrote:
               | I always wanted to see a "pop up video" take on a cop
               | show, where they have expository information and trivia
               | from actual legal experts.
               | 
               | "Officer Jones just blew the entire chain of custody
               | around the bloody knife"
               | 
               | "Flabbodell vs Borkweather says they have to give you
               | access to counsel within X hours and they just ran out
               | the clock"
               | 
               | "This type of traffic stop is explicitly forbidden in 17
               | states, including the one this show is nominally set in"
        
               | zhivota wrote:
               | The sad thing about all those observations is, all these
               | things surely happen anyway, and lots of people end up in
               | jail anyway, because they don't have good representation
               | to point out how they've been railroaded and they've got
               | a plea bargain dangling in front of them.
        
           | bee_rider wrote:
           | I'd like to see more:
           | 
           | Main character tortures a low-level grunt
           | 
           | Gets false confession
           | 
           | Goes off on wild goose chase based on that confession
           | 
           | Bad guys get away with their plot as a result
           | 
           | "Yes, you were torturing me, I'd obviously have said anything
           | to get you to stop."
           | 
           | I feel like I've seen this sequence once or twice, but I
           | can't remember what it was in. It actually seems like
           | something that is more likely to be put in a comedy, where
           | the protagonist can be shown to be stupid occasionally. Maybe
           | Brooklyn 99, or Barry, or something like that?
        
         | dsego wrote:
         | Well, it's the motive behind any atrocity committed during war,
         | what's a few cracked eggs if there is a grand goal in mind.
         | There are always people in places who feel like it's a
         | historical duty to carry out those plans. And the war crimes
         | stay in the past and get forgotten but nobody can deny the new
         | reality on the ground. You can ethnically cleanse an area and
         | in a 100 years that becomes barely a historical footnote and a
         | new reality emerges and nobody can dispute that the area is
         | occupied by a nation that claims rights based on self
         | determination. Same for settler colonialism, they're not
         | invading, just changing the actual conditions as a precursor to
         | claiming political legitimacy.
        
         | EasyMark wrote:
         | There is no connection between Ab Ghraib and 24, a fictional TV
         | series. If you think this stuff didn't happen before 24 then
         | I'd like some proof. TV reflects reality (or a very stretched
         | version of it), not the other way around, and 24 also wasn't
         | the first version of such a thing. It's just that Abu G they
         | used people who were young and not professionals so it leaked.
         | It has probably been happening as long as the USA has had
         | police forces like the CIA, military intelligence, and even
         | cops.
        
           | watwut wrote:
           | In real world, that stuff happens to innocent people, to
           | people guilty of completely different or lesser crimes and
           | cops get out a lot of false claiks they use against whoever
           | they dislike.In real world, it happens as a power trip with
           | no saving factor.
           | 
           | In real world, it happens to cover up crimes cop did
           | themselves or to facilitate them.
           | 
           | That is where the lie is.
        
           | UncleMeat wrote:
           | There is a direct connection.
           | 
           | Antonin Scalia was one of the architects of substantial
           | limitations on the 8th amendment and was a key figure in a
           | number of cases specifically about extraordinary rendition
           | and "enhanced interrogation."
           | 
           | Scalia has _multiple times_ in public referenced Jack Bauer
           | as an argument for why prohibitions on torture are
           | unworkable. At a panel on the very topic, Scalia responded to
           | "Thankfully, security agencies in all our countries do not
           | subscribe to the mantra 'What would Jack Bauer do?'" with
           | "Jack Bauer saved Los Angeles" and "are you going to convict
           | Jack Bauer?"
        
             | GeneralMayhem wrote:
             | Christ, what a ghoul.
             | 
             | "The ends justify the means" is a horrific way to run a
             | society in any case, but of course it skips over the
             | question of whether the means actually caused the ends, let
             | alone were the only way to do so. Even if torture did save
             | lives, it isn't a great justification - but then pile on
             | top that your only evidence that it actually does work is
             | _fiction_ and it starts to look like the means were what
             | you really wanted in the first place.
        
         | latexr wrote:
         | Star Trek: Deep Space Nine introduced Section 31, an
         | organisation which regularly acted in the way you describe the
         | characters from 24. They operated outside official channels and
         | used questionable methods to do whatever was necessary "for the
         | good of the Federation". The character of Odo criticised it
         | well:
         | 
         | > Interesting, isn't it? The Federation claims to abhor Section
         | 31's tactics, but when they need the dirty work done they look
         | the other way. It's a tidy little arrangement, wouldn't you
         | say?
         | 
         | https://memory-alpha.fandom.com/wiki/Section_31
        
           | TeMPOraL wrote:
           | DS9 had an actual instance of torture too, but it was a hero
           | being tortured by... half-hero, half anti-hero[0]? Not sure
           | that one led anywhere, beyond being a very disturbing way to
           | do character development.
           | 
           | Section 31 angle is tricky, because the writers
           | unintentionally[1] made them literally _save the entire alpha
           | and beta quadrants, and possibly the entire galaxy, from
           | slow-burn genocide_. The Dominion was known to systematically
           | subjugate and ultimately eradicate solid life, and other than
           | the Federation Alliance bloc (that prevailed _only_ because
           | of Section 31 's bioweapon short-circuiting the war[2]), the
           | only power left in the known galaxy strong enough to resist
           | the Dominion would be... the Borg Collective, which wasn't
           | really that much better[3].
           | 
           | So, as much as I love DS9, I feel the show (and the larger
           | franchise) has so much unintentional depth, that most obvious
           | takes don't work with fans, because they don't survive
           | scrutiny :).
           | 
           | --
           | 
           | [0] - The simple tailor was anything but.
           | 
           | [1] - At least as far as I recall, Section 31 were written to
           | be the rotten apples that got revealed and removed by the
           | heroes, in a pretty straightforward way - but IMO, they
           | failed at this, and instead created something more of Deus Ex
           | Realpolitik.
           | 
           | [2] - And a little bit of actual fleet-eating Deus Ex
           | Machina, on the account of having a demi-god in their midst.
           | 
           | [3] - And nobody in or out of universe really wants to talk
           | about what happened to the latter, except the last season of
           | PIC that tacitly acknowledged it in a "blink and you'll miss
           | it" way.
        
             | xg15 wrote:
             | > _Section 31 angle is tricky, because the writers
             | unintentionally[1] made them literally save the entire
             | alpha and beta quadrants, and possibly the entire galaxy,
             | from slow-burn genocide._
             | 
             | I mean, Jack Bauer, too, saved America from all kinds of
             | unspeakable evil by his clever use of torture. I'd say it's
             | not tricky at all. The morally gray "it's bad but we'd be
             | even worse off without it" justification is kind of the
             | point of those narratives.
        
             | latexr wrote:
             | > DS9 had an actual instance of torture too, but it was a
             | hero being tortured by... half-hero, half anti-hero
             | 
             | If you're talking about Garak torturing Odo, that seems
             | different than the 24 case because in that instance Garak
             | was explicitly working for "the bad guys". And even so he
             | was doing the torturing reluctantly and only doing so
             | because the alternative was the torturing being done by
             | another operative which wouldn't restrain themselves. In
             | other words, in that instance the show was explicitly
             | treating torture as bad.
             | 
             | > made them literally _save the entire alpha and beta
             | quadrants, and possibly the entire galaxy, from slow-burn
             | genocide._
             | 
             | Technically it wasn't the disease which defeated the
             | Founders, though I supposed one can argue it debilitated
             | them enough. Even so, despite the results I didn't feel
             | like the show was necessarily approving of Section 31 (the
             | main characters actively tried to defeat them).
        
           | zhivota wrote:
           | Sounds a lot like Special Circumstances in The Culture books.
        
       | paganel wrote:
       | > airport staff threw all 440 squirrels into an industrial
       | shredder.
       | 
       | Damn, that explains a lot about the Dutch and about that part of
       | the world, to be honest. Why can't have they more human traits?
       | What's wrong of them?
        
         | npteljes wrote:
         | 1. Not specific to the Dutch at all. Worldwide practice.
         | 
         | 2. These are also human traits! Maybe not so much _humane_
         | traits.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chick_culling
        
           | paganel wrote:
           | > Worldwide practice.
           | 
           | For sure we don't do that sociopathic thing here in Romania.
           | Ok, I get it, the regulations were set in stone, but after
           | shredding (again, what the flying fuck?!?!) the first animal
           | hasn't any of those Dutch employees just stopped and ask
           | themselves: "What the hell are we doing here?". It certainly
           | explains Anne Frank, after all she was violating the
           | regulations that were in place back then in that desolate and
           | sad country.
           | 
           | > 2. These are also human traits! Maybe not so much humane
           | traits.
           | 
           | We're talking about mammals here. Not that what happens with
           | chicks is the correct way to do it, and God knows we deserve
           | everything that comes our way as a species for doing that,
           | but there are degrees in all this madness.
        
             | npteljes wrote:
             | Dug around a little, found this map:
             | 
             | https://www.reddit.com/r/europe/comments/1hbmivg/which_coun
             | t...
             | 
             | So at least in 2023, no bans were in place in Romania for
             | this practice.
             | 
             | I'm not entirely sure why it makes sense to distinguish
             | between nations, with regards to questionable practices. A
             | nation is large, with many different people in it. So,
             | there will be many on each "degree of madness" as you call
             | it. Over the course of a long history and a numerous
             | population, you will every bad practice that you can think
             | of, and then some.
             | 
             | This has nothing to do with nation - people themselves are
             | like this, everywhere. In fact, I think that it's very
             | dangerous to put it like that, to distance oneself so much
             | from the horrific acts. I believe that the capability to
             | turn on the chick shredding machine exists between you and
             | me just as much as they do in the people who currently
             | operate these machines. Bad acts are way easier than they
             | seem, and, depending on circumstances of course, it takes a
             | lot of resolution and work to build a kind and wholesome
             | life.
        
       | TeMPOraL wrote:
       | My go-to example of a whole mesh of "accountability sinks" is...
       | cybersecurity. In the real world, this field is really not about
       | the tech and math and crypto - almost all of it is about
       | distributing and dispersing liability through contractual means.
       | 
       | That's why you install endpoint security tools. That's why you're
       | forced to fulfill all kinds of requirements, some of them
       | nonsensical or counterproductive, but necessary to check boxes on
       | a compliance checklist. That's why you have external auditors
       | come to check whether you really check those boxes. It's all that
       | so, when something happens - because something _will_ eventually
       | happen - you can point back to all these measures, and say:
       | "we've implemented all best practices, contracted out the hard
       | parts to world-renowned experts, and had third party audits to
       | verify that - _there was nothing more we could do, therefore it
       | 's not our fault_".
       | 
       | With that in mind, look at the world from the perspective of some
       | corporations, B2B companies selling to those corporations, other
       | suppliers, etc.; notice how e.g. smaller companies are forced to
       | adhere to certain standards of practice to even be considered by
       | the larger ones, etc. It all creates a mesh, through which
       | liability for anything is dispersed, so that ultimately no one is
       | to blame, everyone provably did their best, and the only thing
       | that happens is that some corporate insurance policies get
       | liquidated, and affected customers get a complimentary free
       | credit check or some other nonsense.
       | 
       | I'm not even saying this is bad, per se - there are plenty of
       | situations where discharging all liability through insurance is
       | the best thing to do; see e.g. how maritime shipping handles
       | accidents at sea. It's just that understanding this explains a
       | lot of paradoxes of cybersecurity as a field. It all makes much
       | more sense when you realize it's primarily about liability
       | management, not about hat-wearing hackers fighting other hackers
       | with differently colored hats.
        
         | chrisweekly wrote:
         | +1 Insightful
         | 
         | Thank you for sharing this really illuminating take. I spend an
         | unreasonable amount of time dealing with software security, and
         | you've put things in a light where it makes a bit more sense.
        
         | diognesofsinope wrote:
         | > "we've implemented all best practices, contracted out the
         | hard parts to world-renowned experts, and had third party
         | audits to verify that - there was nothing more we could do,
         | therefore it's not our fault"
         | 
         | The amount of (useless) processes/systems at banks I've seen in
         | my career that boil down to this is incredible, e.g. hundreds
         | of millions spent on call center tech for authentication that
         | might do nothing, but the vendor is "industry-leading" and
         | "best in-class".
         | 
         | > It's just that understanding this explains a lot of paradoxes
         | of cybersecurity as a field. It all makes much more sense when
         | you realize it's primarily about liability management, not
         | about hat-wearing hackers fighting other hackers with
         | differently colored hats.
         | 
         | Bingo. The same situation for most risk departments at banks or
         | healthcare fraud and insurance companies.
         | 
         | I thought risk at a bank was going to be savvy quants, but it's
         | literally lawyers/compliance/box-checking marketing themselves
         | as more sophisticated than they are. Like the KYC review for
         | products never actually follow up and check if the KYC process
         | in the new products works. There's no analytics, tracking, etc.
         | until audit/regulators come in an ask, "our best-in-class
         | vendor handles this". All the systems are implemented
         | incorrectly, but it doesn't matter because the system is built
         | by a vendor and implemented by consultants, and they hold the
         | liability (they don't, but it will take ~5 years in court to
         | get to that point).
         | 
         | Beginning to understand what "bureaucracy" mechanically is.
        
           | finnh wrote:
           | What's funny is that checklists in hospitals have been shown,
           | empirically, to be massive life-saving devices.
           | 
           | cyber perhaps not so much...
        
             | __float wrote:
             | Checklists work well in high stress situations where you
             | cannot forget a step (medicine, aviation).
             | 
             | A checklist in a security incident? Probably helpful.
             | 
             | A security checklist to satisfy auditors and ancient
             | regulations? This is an entirely different kind.
        
               | pixl97 wrote:
               | Yea, the problem most often in computer security
               | checklists is misapplication of the checklist.
               | 
               | I do cyber security related stuff for the finance and
               | they have some of the dumbest checklists ever.
               | 
               | A more recent one I got was
               | 
               | "We only allow the HTTP verbs 'GET' and 'POST', your
               | application can only use that and the verbs PUT, PATCH,
               | and DELETE cannot be used.
               | 
               | After not replying 'are you fucking stupid' I said
               | 
               | "You do realize that you are using a RestAPI application
               | and that these verbs can go to the same interface to
               | modify the call in different way? Not only would we have
               | to rewrite our application which would probably take
               | months to years, you would have to rewrite tons of
               | applications on your side to make this actually work."
               | 
               | You get these dipshit auditors from other firms that pick
               | up some 'best practice' from 2003 and put it in a list
               | then get a god complex about it needing to be implemented
               | when they have absolutely zero clue why the original
               | thing was called out in the first place.
               | 
               | For those who wonder, typically these verbs are disabled
               | to prevent the accidental enablement of WebDAV on some
               | platforms, especially Windows/IIS that had some issues
               | with security around it. It makes zero sense for such a
               | rule in a modern API application.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | > _For those who wonder, typically these verbs are
               | disabled to prevent the accidental enablement of WebDAV
               | on some platforms, especially Windows /IIS that had some
               | issues with security around it. It makes zero sense for
               | such a rule in a modern API application._
               | 
               | Thanks. One thing that's more interesting than the
               | revealed stupidity of such rules is the actual (and often
               | sensible) reason they were first created long ago.
               | 
               | "Temporary" hacks outliving both the problem they solved
               | _and_ the system they were built for seems to be a
               | regular occurrence in bureaucracy as much as it is in
               | software and hardware.
        
             | Wobbles42 wrote:
             | Checklists solve the problem of forgetting specific
             | details. They work very well in situations where all
             | possible problems have been enumerated and the only failure
             | mode is forgetting to check for one.
             | 
             | They do not solve the problem of getting people to think
             | things through and recognize novel issues.
             | 
             | There are some jobs you can't do well. You can do them
             | adequately or screw them up. Checklists are helpful in
             | those jobs.
        
             | rcxdude wrote:
             | Checklists are a good tool for making sure you don't forget
             | something. They're a terrible replacement for actually
             | thinking.
        
           | steveBK123 wrote:
           | The fun part of bank bureaucracy is you get to experience it
           | 10x worse if you actually work at one.
           | 
           | I once worked on a global, cross-asset application. The
           | change management process was not designed for this and
           | essentially required like 9 Managing Directors to click
           | "approve release" in a 48 hour window for us to do a release.
           | 
           | We got one shot at this per week, and failing any clicks we
           | would have to try again the next week. The electronic form
           | itself to trigger the process took 1-2 hours to fill out and
           | we had 3 guys on the team who were really good at it (it took
           | everyone else 2x as long).
           | 
           | Inevitably this had at least 3 very stupid outcomes -
           | 
           | First we had tons of delayed releases. Second the majority of
           | releases became "emergency releases" in which we were able to
           | forego the majority of process and just.. file the paperwork
           | in retrospect.
           | 
           | Finally, we instructed staff in each region to literally go
           | stand in the required MD delegates office (of course the MD
           | wouldn't actually click) until they clicked. The
           | conversations usually went something like this "I don't know
           | what this is / fine fine you aren't gonna leave, I'll approve
           | it if you say it won't break anything / ok don't screw up"
        
         | neilv wrote:
         | The most unfortunate thing about much of corporate
         | 'cybersecurity' is that it combines expensive and encumbering
         | theatre around compliance and deniability... with ridiculously
         | insecure practices.
         | 
         | Imagine, for example, if more companies would hire for software
         | developers and production infrastructure experts who build
         | secure systems.
         | 
         | But most don't much care about security: they want their
         | compliances, they may or may not detect and report the
         | inevitable breaches, and the CISO is paid to be the fall-
         | person, because the CEO totally doesn't care.
         | 
         | Now we're getting cottage industries and consortia theatre
         | around things like why something that should be a static HTML
         | Web page is pulling in 200 packages from NPM, and now you need
         | bold third-party solutions to combat all the bad actors and
         | defective code that invites.
        
           | stavros wrote:
           | > Imagine, for example, if more companies would hire for
           | software developers and production infrastructure experts who
           | build secure systems.
           | 
           | I do imagine that, and they get hacked (because you have to
           | get lucky every time, but the hackers only need to get lucky
           | once), and then the press says "were you doing all the things
           | the whole industry says to do?" and they say "no, but we were
           | actually secure!" and the press goes "well no you weren't,
           | you got hacked, _and_ you weren 't even doing the bare
           | minimum!" and then the company is never heard of again.
        
         | Rhapso wrote:
         | Honestly is is just like Insurance. You understand the value of
         | things you are protecting (and simple compliance has a value to
         | you in penalties and liabilities avoided) and make sure it
         | costs more than that to break into your system.
         | 
         | At a corporate level, it is contractually almost identical to
         | insurance, with the product being sold liability for that
         | security, not the security itself.
        
           | TeMPOraL wrote:
           | Right. I sometimes call it meta-level insurance, because it's
           | structurally what it is. Funnily, _actual insurance_ is a
           | critical part of it - it 's the ultimate liability sink,
           | discharging whatever liability that didn't get diluted and
           | diffused among all relevant parties.
           | 
           | And, I guess it's fine - it's the general way of dealing with
           | impact that can be fully converted into dollars (i.e. that
           | doesn't cause loss of life or health).
        
             | photonthug wrote:
             | It's really not fine. Expensive and useless security
             | theater isn't just inefficient and corrupt, it's way more
             | actively harmful than that because there's a huge
             | opportunity cost associated with all the wasted time and
             | money AND the incentivized deliberate refusal to make
             | obviously good/easy/cheap improvements. Even in matters
             | pertaining purely to dollars.. Spreading out liability
             | can't erase injury completely. it just pushes it onto the
             | tax payer because someone is paying the judge to sit in the
             | chair and listen to the insurance people and the lawyers.
        
         | lucianbr wrote:
         | I wonder what the difference is between cybersecurity and civil
         | aviation safety. At a glance they both have a lot of processes
         | and requirements. Somehow on one side they are as you said, a
         | way to deal with liability without necessarily increasing
         | security, while on the other safety is actually significantly
         | increased.
        
           | TeMPOraL wrote:
           | I think a big part of it is that failures in aviation safety
           | cost lives, often dozens or hundreds per incident, in quite
           | immediate, public and visceral fashion. There also isn't much
           | gradation - an issues either causes massive loss of life, or
           | could cause it if not caught early, or... it's not relevant
           | to safety. On top of that, any incident is hugely impactful
           | on the entire industry - most people are fully aware how
           | likely they'd be to survive a drop from airliner altitude, so
           | it doesn't take many accidents to scare people away of
           | _flying in general_.
           | 
           | Contrast that to cybersecurity, where vast majority of
           | failures have zero impact on life or health of people,
           | directly or otherwise. Even data breaches - millions of
           | passwords leak every other week, yet the impact of this on
           | anyone affected is... nil. Yes, theoretically cyberattacks
           | could collapse countries and cause millions to die if they
           | affected critical infrastructure, but so far _this never
           | happened_ , and it's _not what your regular cybersecurity
           | specialist deals with_. In reality, approximately all impact
           | of all cyberattacks is purely monetary - as long as isn 't
           | loss of life or limb, it can be papered over with enough
           | dollars, which makes everyone focus primarily on ensuring
           | they're not the ones paying for it.
           | 
           | I think it's also interesting to compare both to road safety
           | - it sits kind of in between on the "safety vs. theater"
           | spectrum, and has the blend of both approaches, and both
           | outcomes.
        
             | Wobbles42 wrote:
             | > I think a big part of it is that failures in aviation
             | safety cost lives
             | 
             | This is an interesting point, and it certainly affects the
             | incentives involved and the amount of resources allocated
             | to mitigating the problems.
             | 
             | I do think cyber security incidents with real consequences
             | are likely to become more common going forward
             | (infrastructure etc). We haven't experienced large state
             | actors being malicious in a war time footing (yet).
             | 
             | Will we able to better mitigate attacks given better
             | incentives? I think that is an open question. We will
             | certainly throw more resources at the problem, and we will
             | weight outcomes more heavily when designing processes, but
             | whether we know how to prevent cybersecurity incidents
             | _even if we really want to_... that I wonder about.
        
           | Wobbles42 wrote:
           | Aviation safety is mostly about learning from past
           | experience. You mitigate known hazards that, once mitigated,
           | stay mitigated.
           | 
           | Cybersecurity is about adversarial hazards. When you mitigate
           | them they actively try to unmitigated themselves.
           | 
           | It is more analogous to TSA security checks than to FAA
           | equipment checklists. The checklist approach can prevent
           | copycats from repeating past exploits but is largely useless
           | for preventing new and creative problems.
        
         | motohagiography wrote:
         | Security is closer to product management and marketing than
         | engineering. It's a narrative and the mirror image of product
         | and marketing, where instead of creating something people want
         | based on desire, it's managing the things people explicitly
         | _don 't_ want. When organizations don't have product
         | management, they have anti-product management, which is
         | security. We could say, "There is no Anti-Product Division."
         | 
         | Specifically on accountability, I bootstrapped a security
         | product that replaced 6-week+ risk assessment consultant
         | spreadsheets with 20mins of product manager/eng conversation.
         | It shifted the accountability "left" as it were.
         | 
         | When I pitched it to some banks, one of the lead security guys
         | took me aside and said something to the effect of, "You don't
         | get it. we don't want to find risk ourselves, we pay the people
         | to tell us what the risks and solutions are _because_ they are
         | someone else. It doesn 't matter what they say we should do,
         | the real risk is transferred to their E&O insurance as soon as
         | they tell us anything. By showing us the risks, your product
         | doesn't help us manage risk, it obligates us to do build
         | features to mitigate and get rid of it."
         | 
         | I was enlightened. Manage means to get value from. The decade I
         | had spent doing security and privacy risk assessments and
         | advocating for accountability for risk was as a dancing monkey.
        
           | TeMPOraL wrote:
           | I worked in GRC space for a while, which is where I finally
           | realized the things I wrote above. Our product intended to
           | give CISOs greater visibility into threats and their impacts,
           | making it easy to engage in probabilistic forecasting to
           | prioritize mitigations. Working on designing and building it
           | made me see the field from the perspective of our customers,
           | and from their POV, cyber-threats are all denominated in
           | dollars, mitigating threats boils down to not having to pay
           | corresponding dollars, and that it's often more effective to
           | ensure _someone else_ pays than to address the underlying
           | technological or social vulnerability.
        
         | steveBK123 wrote:
         | Rhyming with this observation - the only time I've ever heard
         | someone getting fired over a phishing incident anywhere I've
         | worked.. was a guy on the cybersecurity team who clicked
         | through and got phished.
        
         | werrett wrote:
         | This is the ultimate nihilistic take on security.
         | 
         | Yes, 'cyber' security has devolved to box checking and cargo
         | culting in many orgs. But what's your counter on trying to fix
         | the problems that every tech stack or new SaaS product comes
         | without of the box?
         | 
         | For most people when their Netflix (or HN) password gets leaked
         | that means every email they've sent since 2004 is also exposed.
         | It might also mean their 401k is siphoned off. So welcome the
         | annoying and checkbox-y MFA requirements.
         | 
         | If you're an engineer cutting code for a YC startup -- Who owns
         | the dependancy you just pulled in? Are you or your team going
         | to track changes (and security bugs) for it in 6 months? What
         | about in 2 or 3 years?
         | 
         | Yes, 'cyber' security brings a lot of annoying checkboxes. But
         | almost all of them are due to externalities that you'd happily
         | blow past otherwise. So -- how do we get rid annoying
         | checkboxes and ensure people do the right thing as a matter of
         | course?
        
           | TeMPOraL wrote:
           | > _For most people when their Netflix (or HN) password gets
           | leaked that means every email they 've sent since 2004 is
           | also exposed. It might also mean their 401k is siphoned off.
           | So welcome the annoying and checkbox-y MFA requirements._
           | 
           | Not true. For most people, when their Netflix or HN password
           | gets leaked, that means _fuck all_. Most people don 't even
           | realize their password was leaked 20 times over the last 5
           | years. Yes, here and there someone might get deprived of
           | their savings (or marriage) this way, but at scale,
           | approximately nothing ever happens to anyone because of
           | password or SSN leaks. In scope of cybersec threats, people
           | are much more likely to become victims of ransomware and tech
           | support call scams.
           | 
           | I'm not saying that cybersec is entirely meaningless and that
           | you shouldn't care about security of your products. I'm
           | saying that, as a field, it's _focused on_ liability
           | management, because that 's what most customers care about,
           | pay for, and it's where the most damage actually manifests.
           | As such, to create secure information systems, you often need
           | to work _against_ the zeitgeist and recommendations of the
           | field.
           | 
           | EDIT:
           | 
           | > _This is the ultimate nihilistic take on security._
           | 
           | I don't believe it is. In fact, I've been putting efforts to
           | become less cynical over last few months, as I realized it's
           | not a helpful outlook.
           | 
           | It's more like, techies in cybersecurity seem to have
           | overinflated sense of uniqueness and importance of their
           | work. The reality is, it's almost all about liability
           | management - and is such precisely _because_ most cybersec
           | problems are nothingburgers that can be passed around like a
           | hot potato and ultimately discharged through insurance. It 's
           | not the worst state of things - it would be much worse if
           | typical cyber attack would actually hurt or kill people.
        
             | dasil003 wrote:
             | This really resonated with me because I'm also working to
             | avoid becoming more cynical as I gain experience and
             | perspective on what problems "matter" and what solutions
             | can gain traction.
             | 
             | I think in this case the cognitive dissonance comes from
             | security-minded software engineers (especially the vocal
             | ones that would chime in on such a topic) misunderstanding
             | how rare their expertise is as well as the raw scope of
             | risks that large corporations are exposed to and what
             | mitigations are sensible. If you are an expert it's easy to
             | point at security compliance implementation at almost any
             | company and poke all kinds of holes in specific details,
             | but that's useless if you can't handle the larger problem
             | of cybersecurity management _and the fallout from a
             | mistake_.
             | 
             | And if you zoom out you realize the scope of risk
             | introduced by the internet, smart phones and everything
             | doing everything online all the time is unfathomably huge.
             | It's not something that an engineering mentality of
             | understanding intricate details and mechanics can really
             | get ones head around. From this perspective, liability and
             | insurance is a very rational way to handle it.
             | 
             | As far as the checklists go, if you are an expert you can
             | peel back the layers and realize the rationales for these
             | things and adjust accordingly. If you have competent and
             | reasonable management and decision makers then things tend
             | to go smoothly, and ultimately auditors are paid by the
             | company, so there is typically a path to doing the right
             | thing. If you don't have competent and reasonable
             | management then you're probably fucked in unnumerable ways,
             | such that security theater is the least of your worries.
        
           | stackskipton wrote:
           | Actual accountability. Do not let companies be like "Well, we
           | were SOC2 compliant, this breach is not our fault despite not
           | updating Apache Struts! Tee Hee" When Equifax got away with
           | what was InfoSec murder by 6 months of jail time suspended,
           | Executives stopped caring. This is political problem, not
           | technology one.
           | 
           | >So -- how do we get rid annoying checkboxes and ensure
           | people do the right thing as a matter of course?
           | 
           | By actually having the power to enforce this, if you pull our
           | SBOM, realize we have a vulnerability and get our Product
           | Owner to prioritize fixing it even if takes 6 weeks because
           | we did dumb thing 2 years ago and tech debt bill has come
           | due. Otherwise, stop wasting my time with these exercises, I
           | have work to do.
           | 
           | Not trying to be mean but that's my take with my infosec team
           | right now. You are powerless outside your ability to get SOC2
           | and we all know this is theater, tell us what piece of set
           | you want from me, take it and go away.
        
             | hakfoo wrote:
             | It's a two-sided coin though.
             | 
             | We should be stopping leaks, but we also need to reduce the
             | value of leaked data.
             | 
             | Identity theft doesn't get meaningfully prosecuted.
             | Occasionally they'll go after some guy who runs a carding
             | forum or someone who did a really splashy compromise, but
             | the overall risk is low for most fraudulent players.
             | 
             | I always wanted a regulation that if you want to apply for
             | credit, you have to show up in person and get photographed
             | and fingerprinted. That way, the moment someone notices
             | their SSN was misused, they have all the information on
             | file to make a slam-dunk case against the culprit. It could
             | be an easier deal for lazy cops than going after minor
             | traffic infractions.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | The problem with "identity theft" specifically is that,
               | in itself, it's just a legal term for allowing banks to
               | save on KYC by letting them transfer liability to society
               | at large.
               | 
               | If someone uses your SSN to take a loan in your name, it
               | shouldn't be your problem - in the same way that someone
               | speeding in the same make&model of the car as yours
               | shouldn't be your problem, just because they glued a
               | piece of cardboard over their license plate and crayoned
               | your numbers on it.
        
         | bostik wrote:
         | That is also why so much of the security[tm] software is so
         | bad. Usability and fitness for purpose are _not_ box-tickers.
         | The industry term in play is  "risk transfer".
         | 
         | Most security software does not do what it advertises, because
         | it doesn't have to. Its primary function is for the those who
         | bought the product, to be able to blame the vendor. "We paid
         | vendor X a lot of money and transferred the risk to them, this
         | cannot be our fault." Well, guess what? You may not be legally
         | the one holding the bag, but as a business on the other end of
         | the transaction you are still at fault. Those are your
         | customers. You messed up.
         | 
         | As for vendor X? If the incident was big enough, they got free
         | press coverage. The incentives in the industry truly are
         | corrupt.
         | 
         | Disclosure: in the infosec sphere since the early 90's. And as
         | it happens, I did a talk about this state of affairs earlier
         | this week.
        
         | Meleagris wrote:
         | We should really define a new term for such work.
         | 
         | Perhaps "Risk Compliance Security" or "Security Compliance
         | Engineering"
         | 
         | Where "Security Compliance Engineering" is the practice of
         | designing, implementing, and maintaining security controls that
         | satisfy regulatory frameworks, contractual obligations, and
         | insurance requirements. Its primary objective is not to prevent
         | cyberattacks, but to ensure that organizations can demonstrate
         | due diligence, minimize liability, and maintain audit readiness
         | in the event of a security incident.
         | 
         | Key goals:
         | 
         | - Pass external audits and internal reviews - Align with
         | standards like ISO 27001, SOC 2, or NIST
         | 
         | - Mitigate organizational risk through documentation and
         | attestation
         | 
         | - Enable business continuity via legal defensibility and
         | insurability
         | 
         | In contrast...
         | 
         | Cybersecurity is focused on actively detecting, preventing, and
         | responding to cyber threats. It's concerned with protecting
         | systems and data, not accountability sinks.
        
       | red_admiral wrote:
       | > Bad people react to this by getting angry at the gate
       | attendant; good people walk away stewing with thwarted rage.
       | 
       | > You ask to speak to someone who can do something about it, but
       | you're told that's not company policy.
       | 
       | People somewhere in between realise that the point of the gate
       | attendant (or Level 1 tech support person) is to shield
       | management from customers, so you have to outflank the shield.
       | 
       | Being yelled at by a customer is bad for the Level 1 support
       | person, although there's usually a policy in place for phone
       | support that you can hang up if the customer is getting
       | aggressive. What's much worse is saying to management "hey here's
       | something you might want to look at" and being super yelled at by
       | their boss for not doing their duty of keeping the customer away
       | from the higher-ups. That kind of thing can get you fired.
       | 
       | But you can hack the system in many ways. The point is to find
       | someone higher up without going through the person who's not
       | allowed to help you, and without blaming them for doing their
       | job.
       | 
       | Some possibilities: find the higher-ups on linkedin, speak to a
       | company rep or executive personally at an event if your
       | professional circles overlap, send a printed physical letter to
       | someone in control, and so on.
       | 
       | Something I've seen work many times: if you're a student, find
       | out about the university's management structure and ask for a
       | personal meeting with the Dean of X of whoever sits above the
       | department admin person who's assignment is "we've taken this
       | decision, now make the students happy with it". A dozen students
       | asking to personally speak with the Dean or President lets them
       | know something's up and the shield was ineffective. Since there's
       | usally some kind of statement of values about how the "student
       | experience" is central to everything they do (read: "students are
       | paying customers"), they can't just turn you away.
        
       | Thorrez wrote:
       | > And it turns out that the German soldiers faced surprisingly
       | mild consequences for disobeying unlawful orders.
       | 
       | Huh. Franz Jagerstatter was executed for refusing to fight in the
       | war.
        
         | hamandcheese wrote:
         | Franz Jagerstatter was not a soldier.
        
         | the_af wrote:
         | There are many documented and studied cases where orders to
         | carry out massacres which were disobeyed carried no harm to the
         | German who refused.
         | 
         | Mostly demotion or transfer to a different area, but no
         | execution or jail time. Sometimes not even that.
         | 
         | I'm talking about _not taking part in massacres_ (e.g. shooting
         | unarmed women and children, locking people in a barn and
         | setting it on fire, etc), not about refusing to fight,
         | cowardice, aiding the enemy or actual treason.
        
       | spoonsort wrote:
       | Ah, I love when I'm a software engineer sitting for coffee in the
       | morning, and I open up my tech newspaper to read some extremely
       | overly verbose way of explaining to me like I was just born that
       | yelling at floor staff doesn't change anything (this is actually
       | not a product of modern society, you could yell at a soldier
       | fighting against you and that also won't change anything). Had to
       | stop after that second massive quote. Seriously, what? I thought
       | this was going to be about managing the 1000 compliance settings
       | in Azure and how that sucks.
        
       | mykowebhn wrote:
       | Does Kafka, the writer[1], come to mind for anyone?
       | 
       | [1] I dislike that I have to specify. I wish there were still
       | only one common reference for this name.
        
         | mtndew4brkfst wrote:
         | So why not elaborate as "Franz Kafka" when you mean the author?
         | It can only clarify and it just takes 6 more characters. People
         | who know both won't be bothered, and people who know neither
         | will have a better time looking up the context.
        
           | layer8 wrote:
           | GP would just have put the footnote on "Franz" rather than on
           | "the writer" then (and may have had to look up Kafka's first
           | name). I don't think 6 vs. 12 characters makes that much of a
           | difference.
        
       | canterburry wrote:
       | The reasons we suffer these accountability challenges are often
       | rooted in that anyone holding someone else accountable, may
       | experience negative consequences to self...and those are often
       | estimated as too high to do "the right thing".
       | 
       | If the governing part at the time of the Nazi trials actually
       | held each and every person involved accountable, would they win
       | the next election?
       | 
       | If a company holds their employees to the actual standards laid
       | out by their policies or guidelines, what would attrition look
       | like? Would they immediately be short staffed critial roles?
       | Would they loose a key employee at a very inconventient time?
       | 
       | These are the real reasons preventing us from holding people
       | accountable.
        
       | markus_zhang wrote:
       | The TV series Yes Minster and Yes Prime Minister have a lot to
       | say about accountability in the governments.
        
       | melvinmelih wrote:
       | According to Dutch law, you lose your Dutch citizenship if you
       | accept another nationality. The Dutch embassies (who are
       | responsible for renewing Dutch passports abroad) are well aware
       | of this law and have processes in place to refuse a passport
       | renewal if you can't provide proof of temporary residence in the
       | country you reside in. The local institutions however, don't have
       | these processes in place and are generally not aware of this law
       | because it only happens to a tiny little percentage of the
       | population. And nobody updates the national registry with your
       | new nationality because that's the responsibility of local
       | municipalities, not the Department of Foreign Affairs. So if you
       | decide to simply renew your passport in the Netherlands instead
       | of abroad, they'll just give you a new passport because you're
       | still registered as a Dutch citizen at the local level and they
       | don't have a process in place to check your foreign nationality.
       | 
       | Don't ask me how I know :) It is one of the few accountability
       | sinks that doesn't affect me negatively.
        
         | apexalpha wrote:
         | There is also a fun - legal - bypass to this.
         | 
         | The Dutch law doesn't say you 'can't have a second passport'.
         | It only says: 'you can't have a second passport _at the time_
         | you get your Dutch one '.
         | 
         | So countries like the UK allow their citizens to 'renounce'
         | their UK citizenship, get a Dutch one, then get their UK one
         | 'back'.
        
       | begueradj wrote:
       | >The SREs were accountable to the higher ups for the service
       | being up. But other than that they are not expected to follow any
       | prescribed process while dealing with the outages.
       | 
       | That's because hard work and being serious about your tasks do
       | not get you promoted.
        
       | vishnugupta wrote:
       | David Graeber has written a really good book about this exact
       | topic and one that I highly recommend. He explores why and how
       | bureaucracy crept up on us.
       | 
       | " The Utopia of Rules: On Technology, Stupidity, and the Secret
       | Joys of Bureaucracy"
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Utopia_of_Rules
        
       | Tabular-Iceberg wrote:
       | The KLM squirrel problem is arguably the opposite problem as all
       | the other examples. It would have been a simple matter to call up
       | KLM's corporate counsel and have them figure out how to both
       | comply with the government's order and the country's animal
       | welfare laws.
       | 
       | So really a case of not enough bureaucracy rather than too much.
        
       | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
       | I have a feeling that AI will be used to replace the folks that
       | might get squeamish.
       | 
       | If I understand it correctly, that's what United Healthcare was
       | doing, that got people so mad at the guy that was shot. He
       | brought in "AI Denial Bots," so the company could knowingly cause
       | the death of their customers, without having any "soft" humans in
       | the process.
        
       | srameshc wrote:
       | The moment I saw 250bpm, my mind took me to ZeroMQ and indeed it
       | was Martin. Then ofcourse Pieter Hintjens came to my thoughts
       | next. I just loved ZeroMQ but I don't use it anymore. Good to
       | find Martin's blog and a great writeup.
        
       | hliyan wrote:
       | A few things came to mind as I read this.
       | 
       | 1) About 8 years ago I was gifted a copy of Ray Dalio's
       | _Principles_. Being a process aficionado who thought the way to
       | prevent bureaucracy was to ground process in principles, I was
       | very excited. But halfway through I gave up. All the experience,
       | the observations, the case studies that had led Dalio to each
       | insight, had been lost in the distillation process. The reader
       | was only getting a Plato 's Cave version. I used to love writing
       | spec-like process docs with lots of "shoulds" and "mays" for my
       | teams, but now I largely write examples.
       | 
       | 2) I live in a Commonwealth country, and as I understand (IANAL),
       | common law, or judge made law, plays a larger role in the justice
       | system here than in the US, where the letter of the law seem to
       | matter more. I used to think the US system superior (less
       | arbitrary), but now I'm not sure. Case law seems to provide a
       | great deal of context that no statute could ever hope to codify
       | in writing. It also carries the weight of history, and therefore
       | is harder to abruptly change (for better or for worse).
       | 
       | 3) Are human beings actually accountability sinks? This is only
       | possible if they are causal originators, or in Aristotlean terms,
       | "prime movers", or have pure agency, or are _causa sui_. But the
       | question is, once we subtract environment (e.g. good parenting  /
       | bad parenting) and genetics (e.g. empathy, propensity toward
       | anger), how much agency is actually left? Is it correct for our
       | legal and ethical systems to terminate the chain of causality at
       | the nearest human being?
        
         | FabHK wrote:
         | 2) The US is considered a common law jurisdiction.
        
       | belter wrote:
       | Some of the seminal works on accountability as applied to systems
       | and particularly the business world, are the works from Gerald M.
       | Weinberg.
       | 
       | "Are Your Lights On?" -
       | https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/1044831.Are_Your_Lights_...
       | 
       | "The Secrets of Consulting" -
       | https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/566213.The_Secrets_of_Co...
       | 
       | "More Secrets of Consulting" -
       | https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/714345.More_Secrets_of_C...
        
       | jccodez wrote:
       | i came to search for a word: advocate. void.
        
       | t_luke wrote:
       | The conclusion of Davies' second extract -- about e.g. being
       | bumped off a flight -- is recognisable but the conclusions are
       | actually wrong. The situation in these cases is actually more
       | subtle. The person you're speaking to does normally have some
       | capacity to escalate in exceptional cases. But they can't do it
       | as a matter of course, and have to maintain publicly that it's
       | actually impossible.
       | 
       | The people who get what they want in these situations are the
       | ones who are prepared to behave sufficiently unreasonably. This
       | is a second order consequence of 'unaccountability' that Davies
       | misses. For the customer, or object of the system, it
       | incentivises people to behave _as unpleasantly as possible_ --
       | because it 's often the only way to trigger the exception /
       | escalation / special case, and get what you want.
        
         | steveBK123 wrote:
         | Yes unfortunately I've observed this in some support systems.
         | The best way is to thread the needle between being extremely
         | personally polite to the other human on the line, but going
         | through the required machinations on their runbook to trigger
         | an escalation.
         | 
         | That is - you don't really have to behave unpleasant (raise
         | voice, swear, be impolite, threaten) but you should just refuse
         | to get off the line, demand escalation, and importantly
         | emphasize with their predicament in needing to escalate you.
         | Possibly including phrasing like "what do we need to do to
         | resolve this issue".
         | 
         | I had a cellphone provider send me a $3000 bill because someone
         | apparently was able to open 5 lines & new devices in my
         | name/address. I went through the first few steps of their
         | runbook including going to police department, getting report
         | filed, and providing them the report number. They then tried to
         | demand further work from me and I escalated.
         | 
         | At that point I turned it around - what evidence do you have
         | that I opened this line. Show me the store security footage of
         | me buying the phones, show me the scan of my drivers license,
         | show me my social security number? Tim, are you saying I can
         | just go to the store with your name & address and open 5 lines
         | in your name? Being able to point out the asymmetry of
         | evidence, unreasonableness of their demands, and putting the
         | support staff in my shoes.. they relented and cleared the case.
        
           | selfselfgo wrote:
           | I ask for something, when they say they can't do that. I say
           | the magic words "Maybe your manager can do it?" You just
           | don't accept the possibility of your request not being
           | fulfilled, say they are contractually obliged to do, even if
           | you're not sure, if all else fails reverse the charges on
           | your card. Threatening small claims court works well. I now
           | do that on the on the second email, do I look like a fool?
           | Yes. Do I have a lot of time to investigate your platform's
           | org structure and capabilities when I have dozens of
           | companies like this I deal with daily? No.
        
             | teachrdan wrote:
             | Before threatening small claims court (known to be a PITA
             | for the plaintiff), I'll tell them that if they can't
             | resolve it, then they should send me an email telling me
             | so, which I'll forward to my credit card company so they
             | can reverse the charges. Then I'll remind them that that's
             | bad for the business because it increases their transaction
             | fees and ask (again) if there's any way to just refund me.
             | This works for me like 90% of the time.
        
               | staticautomatic wrote:
               | Small claims is unbelievably easy! You file a one-page
               | form, pay $50, and then show up on your hearing date.
        
             | brett-jackson wrote:
             | Look at the ToS. Frequently there are clauses that force
             | binding arbitration and require the company you are dealing
             | with to pay the arbitration fees.
        
           | ethbr1 wrote:
           | > _Possibly including phrasing like "what do we need to do to
           | resolve this issue"._
           | 
           | "We" phrasing is an empathy hack for CS, because it lets you
           | continue to be nice to the person you're talking to _AND_ be
           | persistent about  "our" issue being solved.
           | 
           | It's kind of like judo, especially when faced with an
           | apathetic, resistant, or adversarial rep: "This isn't just my
           | problem. This is our problem. So how can _we_ fix it? "
           | 
           | PS: In the same way that my favorite cancellation reason
           | turns the situation on its head. Don't play the game they've
           | rigged up for you to lose. "Why are you cancelling?" ->
           | "Personal reasons." There's literally no counter-response.
        
             | lelandbatey wrote:
             | Alternatively, just lie about the cancellation reason.
             | *"Why are you cancelling your Comcast internet service?"
             | Answer: "I am moving to the Solomon islands, where there is
             | no Comcast service or business for 1000 miles in any
             | direction (at least)."
        
               | cruffle_duffle wrote:
               | "I'm going to prison and getting my affairs in order" is
               | a good one too.
        
           | throwaway7783 wrote:
           | Doordash tier 1 is so extreme that they terminate
           | conversations unilaterally. One of the worst trashy customer
           | services I've ever seen. Then you yell in the email and you
           | get the right response from a "manager". Waste of everyone's
           | time
        
         | rfrey wrote:
         | I was once on the phone with a cell phone company customer
         | support rep who was clearly as dis-empowered as it's possible
         | for a worker to be. He was obviously forbidden to hang up on
         | me, so I used my normal tactic of just refusing to give up - I
         | was friendly enough but refused to end the call. He was
         | refusing to escalate my call, but couldn't help me himself.
         | 
         | 20 or 25 minutes in I realized that wasn't going to work, so I
         | asked if they had a protocol to escalate in an abusive
         | situation. He said "ummm....". I said, "hey, you're doing a
         | great job, and I hope the rest of your day goes better, and I
         | hope you know you're not a motherfucker, you motherfucker."
         | 
         | I think (hope?) he stifled a laugh and said "I'm afraid I'll
         | have to escalate this call to my manager, sir."
        
           | buran77 wrote:
           | > He was obviously forbidden to hang up on me
           | 
           | Plenty of big companies found a workaround. The "forever on
           | hold" routine where they don't hang up, you will eventually.
           | This works perfectly for toll free numbers (so you can't
           | claim you had to pay for the call) and provides just the
           | right amount of plausible deniability (took longer than
           | expected to find an answer, it was an accident, etc.).
           | 
           | I have my suspicions that in some cases this also prevents
           | the survey going out to the customer. All the more reason to
           | abuse it.
        
             | willcipriano wrote:
             | Call in on a second line and ask when you will be taken off
             | hold.
        
               | pixl97 wrote:
               | Back before the days that you could do almost everything
               | over internet but cell phones still existed I had to go
               | to a business to do some transactions on a pretty regular
               | basis. Unfortunately they also were required to answer
               | calls during all that and it was very interruptive.
               | Eventually I realized they had only two lines so I'd call
               | in and ask to be put on hold, then ask the guy behind the
               | counter for his cell and call in and ask to be put on
               | hold again.
        
             | TeMPOraL wrote:
             | Is it even possible to keep someone "on hold" forever? My
             | experience (in Poland) was that it'll take at most 20-30
             | minutes before something somewhere timeouts and the call
             | gets disconnected.
        
               | AlotOfReading wrote:
               | I've been on hold for 4+ hours when dealing with the
               | California government. The only timeout there is at the
               | end of the business day, when it will automatically hang
               | up.
        
               | ornornor wrote:
               | Try calling the assurance maladie in France :) I gave up
               | after about 80 minutes of their little silly jingle while
               | the agent was allegedly looking for the answer to my
               | problem.
        
         | macNchz wrote:
         | Having been on both sides of this--working behind a counter and
         | answering phones at various jobs long ago, and being someone
         | who often surprises family and friends with my ability to
         | extract good outcomes from customer service--I think it's
         | somewhat of a misconception that being as unpleasant as
         | possible is actually effective at getting results.
         | 
         | I fully understand that the godawful CS mazes many companies
         | set up wind up pushing people in that direction, and that it
         | _feels_ like the only option, but I believe quite strongly that
         | being patient and polite but persistent winds up being much
         | more effective than being unpleasant.
         | 
         | As a small case in point: I worked summers in a tiny ice cream
         | shop, most of the time solo. The shop had a small bathroom for
         | employees only--it was through a food prep area where customers
         | were not allowed by health code. I had some leeway to let
         | people back there as it was pretty low-risk, and I would in the
         | evenings when no other businesses were open, or if a little kid
         | was having an emergency. People who were unpleasant from the
         | get-go when placing their order, however, were simply told we
         | had no bathroom at all. People who started shouting when I told
         | them I wasn't supposed to let people back there (not uncommon!)
         | and suggested a nearby business were never granted exceptions.
        
           | Ocha wrote:
           | I was patient and calm for 30 minutes trying to get same day
           | flight after Turkish Airlines bumped me off my connecting
           | flight and told me to wait 24h in airport for next one. They
           | kept giving me different excuses why they cannot put me in
           | airport hotel, why they can't put me on a different airline
           | that had flights and only gave me $12 food voucher. After
           | yelling at them for 5 min I was booked on KLM flight
           | departing in 2 hours.
           | 
           | You can have assholes on both sides and set up is already
           | adversarial from the get-go
        
             | ornornor wrote:
             | TK is so heinous I will never ever fly them or go through
             | IST ever again. I've been stranded 36 hours in IST, put in
             | the shittiest hotel after queuing 3h for said hotel and 3h
             | again for a meal voucher that no restaurant accepts.
             | 
             | And they just plainly ignored me when I demanded later they
             | compensate us for the cancelations as per the aviation
             | rules. They did the same when our lawyer got involved.
             | 
             | I'll never fly TK again and tell anyone whenever this came
             | up. Look reviews up for yourself online, hundreds of people
             | report being stranded, abused, and disrespected in IST by
             | TK the way we were.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | Problem is, if you start looking up reviews online, it
               | might turn out that _every single airline_ is about as
               | garbage as everyone else.
               | 
               | It's the case with telcos. My pet theory is that there's
               | a kind of stable equilibrium there, with competing telcos
               | all doing the same dirty tricks and being bad to
               | customers in the same ways, and they don't care about
               | losing business, because people don't suddenly stop
               | needing mobile phones or Internet, and thus, on average,
               | for every lost customer that switches to a competitor,
               | they gain one that switched _from_ a competitor.
        
             | netsharc wrote:
             | Sounds like AirBnB support, hired to be as big as delaying
             | fuckwits as possible so the company has to pay out as
             | little compensation as possible.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | I've had overwhelmingly good experiences with AirBnB, but
               | I did have one place that I checked into in Vegas in July
               | with the water shutoff. Support initially suggested that
               | I stay there anyway, since it was only one night. I
               | laughed and politely declined that "resolution" to my
               | case and they eventually relented to refund my money.
        
             | t_luke wrote:
             | I've had the same experience on a flight. They said the
             | plane was overweight and we couldnt travel. The person I
             | was travelling with became extremely difficult. Then
             | magically, it wasn't overweight any more.
        
             | whstl wrote:
             | I once lost a flight home (I was overseas) because the
             | website of a company said there was a connecting bus
             | between the airports I should take. The bus wasn't there. I
             | naturally lost the flight and had a very heated discussion
             | with the clerk who was insisting that the website I was
             | showing wasn't theirs because I found it via Google (it had
             | the same domain).
             | 
             | It was solved when I found the same information in the
             | email sent by them.
             | 
             | Suddenly the clerk was apologetic and pretended she
             | misunderstood the situation.
             | 
             | There are definitely capital-A assholes in both sides, with
             | people willing to lie through the teeth to someone stranded
             | in a foreign country just to avoid some minor
             | inconvenience.
        
           | amluto wrote:
           | As an exception to the exception, a lot of automated
           | telephone systems have a tree of options, and they try really
           | hard to avoid giving you a real person, and none of the
           | options are helpful. But some of them are programmed to
           | detect swearing and direct users to a representative.
           | 
           | So a valid strategy is to swear at the automated system and
           | then be polite to the real human that you get.
        
             | setr wrote:
             | There's generally no repercussions to bullying robots -- or
             | being nice to one. Aggressively direct, if not outright
             | unsympathetically cruel, is probably the best approach in
             | all scenarios
        
               | pixl97 wrote:
               | 5 years from now
               | 
               | "ChatGPT has detected you are being hostile to bots. A
               | drone has been dispatched to your location"
        
             | citizenpaul wrote:
             | >none of the options are helpful
             | 
             | Yeah. I got locked out of my capital one account for a
             | "fraud alert" last week. When I tried to login a message
             | said "Call Number XXX" When I called that number I had to
             | go through an endless phone tree and not single option was
             | about fraud alerts or being locked out of accounts. I had
             | to keep going through a forced chute of errors before after
             | about 30 min I finally was able to speak to someone.
             | 
             | Even when I finally got a human they seemed confused about
             | what happened and I had to be transferred several times.
             | 
             | Why would you put a phone number that does not even as a
             | sub option address the issue?
        
               | SpaceNoodled wrote:
               | Because they don't give a shit about _you,_ they just
               | want to hold on to your money.
        
               | vlovich123 wrote:
               | Well also phone numbers cost money & that kind of
               | "customer excellence" is not incentivized by anyone at
               | the company.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | Most importantly though, because it's _theoretically
               | possible_ to address the fraud issue through the number
               | they given, eventually, this ticks some regulatory
               | compliance box about giving your customers recourse, and
               | compliance is _all_ that matters to the company - as lack
               | of it would cost them _actual money_. Individual
               | customers? On the margin, they 're less than pocket
               | change.
        
             | palmotea wrote:
             | > As an exception to the exception, a lot of automated
             | telephone systems have a tree of options, and they try
             | really hard to avoid giving you a real person, and none of
             | the options are helpful. But some of them are programmed to
             | detect swearing and direct users to a representative.
             | 
             | It usually just works to hit 0 (maybe more than once) or
             | say "talk to an agent," even if those aren't options you're
             | explicitly given.
             | 
             | Detecting swears just seems over-compliated.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | > _It usually just works to hit 0 (maybe more than once)
               | or say "talk to an agent," even if those aren't options
               | you're explicitly given._
               | 
               | Depends on the system and country.
               | 
               | Over here in Poland, I've had or witness several
               | encounters with "artificial intelligence assistants" over
               | the past ~5 years[0], that would ignore you hitting 0,
               | and respond to "talk to an agent" with some variant of "I
               | understand you want to talk to an agent, but before I
               | connect you, perhaps there is something I could help you
               | with?", repeatedly. Swearing, or at least getting
               | recognizably annoyed, tends to eventually cut through
               | that.
               | 
               | --
               | 
               | [0] - Also, annoyingly, for the past 2 years we had cheap
               | LLMs that would be better to handle this than whatever
               | shit they still deploy. Even today, hooking up ChatGPT to
               | the phone line would yield infinitely more helpful bot
               | than whatever garbage they're _still_ deploying. Alas,
               | the bots aren 't meant to be helpful.
        
             | cjbgkagh wrote:
             | Another one is to say random words and they'll think you
             | have a disability, but be careful saying random words will
             | mess with your head a bit.
             | 
             | Perhaps prepare by pre-generating a list of random words to
             | read.
        
         | atoav wrote:
         | As someone who worked in support as a youngling:
         | 
         | If you behave unpleasant enough I'll go out of my way to make
         | sure your behavior does not pay off. I will note your abrasive
         | behavior in the ticket or might even mark your mail as spam. On
         | telephone our line will suddenly experience technical
         | difficulties. And throughout I will remain as friendly and
         | patient as ever.
         | 
         | I will warn superiors about you, so once you escalate they
         | already have a colorful 3D image of your wonderful personality
         | in mind. Whether that 100% is in your favor, you can guess.
         | 
         | Play asshole games? Win asshole prices.
         | 
         | Behave like a decent person with empathy instead, press the
         | right buttons and I might even skip some of the company rules
         | for you. Many people in support do not give a single damn if
         | they lose their job over you and you might just be worth it.
         | 
         | These are not sfter-the-fact shower thoughts, these are
         | actually lived experiences from the trenches and I know how
         | other people in those roles think.
         | 
         | Persistence pays off, being an asshole not so much
        
           | hkon wrote:
           | If you are helping, why would they be assholes?
        
             | lolinder wrote:
             | You've clearly never worked customer support. A very
             | disproportionate number of people who call in to customer
             | support are totally and utterly unreasonable. That's why
             | it's such a pain to interact with customer support as a
             | reasonable human: The systems aren't designed for you,
             | they're designed for the abusers who represent something
             | like 20% of the phone calls and 80% of the work.
        
               | hkon wrote:
               | Having lived it seems to me that nice people never get
               | anything.
        
               | ryoshu wrote:
               | Depends. Started in CS and I would go out of my way to
               | help nice people. Assholes were dealt with nicely but I'd
               | follow the rules to the T. That was before CS was
               | hamstrung.
        
               | whstl wrote:
               | From my side it feels like customer support systems are
               | designed purely to trap customers in the system so they
               | are unable to cancel.
               | 
               | In my last day in South America I spent about two hours
               | cancelling my cable and even though I was very soft
               | spoken and super patient (I was playing Mario Kart on
               | mute so not really uncomfortable), but the customer
               | support person actually CRIED to me because she would
               | "miss her quota" if I cancelled.
               | 
               | I had no means of paying anymore (I cancelled my bank
               | account the day before and was about to move to another
               | country) so there was nothing I couldn't really help her,
               | so I fail to see how I deserve the treatment from the
               | company.
        
         | dividuum wrote:
         | > [..] it incentivises people to behave as unpleasantly as
         | possible -- because it's often the only way to trigger the
         | exception [..]
         | 
         | Thus creating an asshole filter:
         | https://siderea.dreamwidth.org/1209794.html
        
           | pixl97 wrote:
           | FTA
           | 
           | >An asshole filter happens when you publicly promulgate a
           | straitened contact boundary and then don't enforce it; or
           | worse, reward the people who transgress it.
           | 
           | A lot of people do this unwittingly, so it's a good article
           | to read.
           | 
           | The converse is to this is many companies _demand it_. If you
           | 're not an asshole, you're simply going to get ignored.
        
         | antithesizer wrote:
         | This has become the norm in customer service. That is why a
         | taboo has been invoked by companies against being a "Karen".
         | That's how they get you. The ugliest thing you can be today is
         | a customer who knows they're right and won't roll over.
        
       | t_luke wrote:
       | The conclusion of Davies' second extract -- about e.g. being
       | bumped off a flight -- is recognisable but the conclusions are
       | actually wrong. The situation in these cases is actually more
       | subtle. The person you're speaking to does normally have some
       | capacity to escalate in exceptional cases. But they can't do it
       | as a matter of course, and have to maintain publicly that it's
       | actually impossible.
       | 
       | The people who get what they want in these situations are the
       | ones who are prepared to behave sufficiently unreasonably. This
       | is a second order consequence of 'unaccountability' that Davies
       | misses. For the customer, or object of the system, it
       | incentivises people to behave *as unpleasantly as possible* --
       | because it's often the only way to trigger the exception /
       | escalation / special case, and get what you want.
        
       | 1dom wrote:
       | I read most of this agreeing with everything the author was
       | saying, sometimes in a "I already thought that" but often in a
       | "huh, that's a really cool insight." I quite like the style too.
       | 
       | As a Brit though, I was completely blindsided by the inclusion of
       | Dom Cummings. I'd forgotten he existed. Seeing his and Boris'
       | attitude to PPE provision discussed in a positive light without
       | any mention of the associated scandal[1] made me a bit
       | uncomfortable. Without getting too political, they claimed to
       | have solved a problem, but whether or not it was a justifiable,
       | sensible or legitimate solution is probably going to be debated
       | for decades.
       | 
       | [1]
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Controversies_regarding_COVID-...
        
         | biimugan wrote:
         | In an American context, this part also struck me:
         | 
         | >> We did that. But only the Prime Minister could actually cut
         | through all the bureaucracy and say, Ignore these EU rules on
         | Blah. Ignore treasury guidance on Blah. Ignore this. Ignore
         | that. "I am personally saying do this and I will accept full
         | legal responsibility for everything."
         | 
         | > By taking over responsibility, Johnson loosened the
         | accountability of the civil servants and allowed them to
         | actually solve the problem instead of being stuck following the
         | rigid formal process.
         | 
         | Of course this also can have pretty severe negative
         | consequences. In the U.S., thanks to a recent Supreme Court
         | ruling, the president has immunity from criminal prosecution
         | under certain (yet to be fully determined) circumstances. If
         | the president then "takes over the responsibility" for
         | obviously illegal actions, and is immune from prosecution for
         | those actions, you now have a civil service unburdened by any
         | responsibility to follow the law. And there are some 3 million
         | odd workers in the U.S. federal government.
         | 
         | That the conservatives on the Supreme Court did not consider
         | this danger, especially in light of who occupies the office, is
         | still astounding to me.
        
       | tgsovlerkhgsel wrote:
       | When dealing with companies, small claims court can be an
       | _amazing_ tool to fix the  "nobody is responsible so you hit a
       | wall" issue. The court sends a letter to the company, and either
       | the company figures out who is responsible for dealing with it,
       | or whatever process for collecting unpaid judgements eventually
       | deals with the company (e.g. the famous "sheriff comes to repo
       | the bank's furniture" example).
       | 
       | For companies, this is also fine, because in most cases the
       | built-in processes work well enough, and in others people just
       | give up, that handling the escalations through their legal
       | department is manageable.
       | 
       | Unfortunately, this approach only helps for the subset of cases
       | where the issue is monetary and/or can wait (and only if it
       | happened in a country with a working small claims system).
        
       | hbsbsbsndk wrote:
       | I find some startup leaders really struggle with this if they
       | come from a Big Corp environment. If you're a CTO or VP or
       | Director of Engineering for like 20 people, you're actually going
       | to have to decide things. Yes at your previous roles you could
       | follow a flow chart or whatever but here you have to actually
       | take accountability. Watch them tap dance trying to avoid
       | committing to anything.
        
       | EZ-E wrote:
       | > The card design only allowed for 24 characters, but some
       | applicants had names longer than that. They raised the issue with
       | the business team.
       | 
       | > The answer they've got was that since only a tiny percentage of
       | people have names that long, rather than redesigning the card,
       | those applications would simply be rejected.
       | 
       | Long names are a pain. This happened to me when I tried to open a
       | bank account in Vietnam. Similarly bank tellers in China were
       | always puzzled and needed to call supervisors when having to
       | enter the information. Also airport auto gates frequently fail
       | for me, and systems that want me to enter your full name in a
       | form will reject my input more often than not. When I'm asked to
       | sign my full name with my signature, it hardly fits and I need to
       | write in tiny letters.
       | 
       | If I ever have children I'll name then with something short, with
       | no special characters. Something like Tim, Kim, Leo... Otherwise
       | they will always end up the edge case.
        
       | titzer wrote:
       | > Somehow, the airline has constructed a state of affairs where
       | it can speak to you with the anonymous voice of an amorphous
       | corporation, but you have to talk back to it as if it were a
       | person like yourself.
       | 
       | Welcome to scale. Every business that wants to grow faces this,
       | and those that grow exponentially face this way before they could
       | ever have established a company culture of treating people like
       | humans, which only comes with years of face-to-face interactions,
       | sometimes that don't go so well. Customers sometimes disappointed
       | and you have to make it up to them; when they do, they feel
       | valued. But in today's economy means you can endlessly screw
       | customers, and as long as your business/your userbase/the sector
       | keeps appearing to grow before your exit, giving a shit is an
       | active impediment to that sweet sweet millionaire payoff in the
       | end.
        
       | GenshoTikamura wrote:
       | The pyramid on the dollar bill is built of human bricks which
       | believe that they are free from repercussions of their actions
       | under orders from above. But real karma is much more of a bitch
       | than even HN moderation
        
       | CommenterPerson wrote:
       | All the Republican Senators and Congressmen/Women .. I am looking
       | at you.
        
         | bdangubic wrote:
         | Democrats too :)
        
       | yusina wrote:
       | The squirrel example sounds terrible, but people don't realize
       | the danger that moving pathogen-carrying specimen across
       | ecosystems poses. Introducing a disease into your local
       | environment can have devastating consquences for wildlife or
       | farming or both.
       | 
       | Example: Dairy farms have strict rules about not letting anybody
       | in who was abroad within the last 48 hours because of possible
       | spread of foot-and-mouth disease. There are many such examples
       | and similar examples exist for wild ecosystems.
       | 
       | So, while it may seem cruel to kill a few hundred squirrels, the
       | precaution is justified. The "guilt", if there is any, is with
       | whoever didn't ensure all the paperwork is in order.
        
         | ethbr1 wrote:
         | The acute guilt levied wasn't about following orders and
         | exterminating the ground squirrels...
         | 
         | ... but using an industrial shredder to do it. (on 440 of them)
         | 
         | For reference, this is an industrial shredder:
         | https://m.youtube.com/shorts/I15kCJyl6po
         | 
         | Anyone who did that to a live animal deserves to be in prison,
         | orders or no. There are innumerable compassionate, humane ways
         | to kill animals, if it's necessary.
        
           | yusina wrote:
           | I suppose you are vegetarian? Cause the amount of suffering
           | that the majority of animals have endure which are killed for
           | meat is on a similar level. (Transport to slaughterhouse and
           | subsequent death by suffocation or boiling, depending on
           | species.)
           | 
           | Or rather, vegan? Since average dairy cow or hen endures
           | quite some suffering over their whole life too. In addition
           | to then experiencing a similar death to what animals mainly
           | used for meat production endure.
           | 
           | This is meant to point out that the shredder is a terrible
           | machine, buy not categorically worse than how the typical
           | production animal is treated at some point of their conscious
           | life.
           | 
           | (To clarify, I'm personally neither vegan nor vegetarian so
           | am not trying to elevate myself morally above you.)
        
           | zhivota wrote:
           | When you think about it, it's probably not actually that easy
           | to kill 440 squirrels in a way that doesn't give everyone
           | involved PTSD, if said people are not already used to doing
           | such a task and already have methods and equipment to do it.
           | 
           | The shredder though, I'd rather do anything but that, that's
           | really insane.
        
           | crazygringo wrote:
           | I'm genuinely curious now.
           | 
           | If you have 440 squirrels to kill, _in an airport_ , that are
           | legally _not allowed to leave the airport_... how the heck
           | _would_ you do it humanely?
           | 
           | It feels extremely non-obvious to me. Are there extra-large
           | portable CO2 chambers or something you can rent? And whose
           | budget is that coming out of? I'm assuming nobody's going to
           | try to inject them all individually with something.
        
       | OhMeadhbh wrote:
       | Also... there was this discussion several months ago:
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43877301
       | 
       | Both that item and this item add the unique perspectives of the
       | authors, but both are about issues raised by Dan Davies'
       | _Unaccountability Machine_. So if you like this thread, you might
       | like that thread.
        
         | aaviator42 wrote:
         | The link you shared is to this thread
        
       | zbentley wrote:
       | Another terrific write up on this subject is Jen Pahlka (cited in
       | the article)'s essay on the "cascade of rigidity".
        
       | cckolon wrote:
       | Reminds me of a Rickover quote:
       | 
       | "If responsibility is rightfully yours, no evasion, or ignorance
       | or passing the blame can shift the burden to someone else. Unless
       | you can point your finger at the man who is responsible when
       | something goes wrong, then you have never had anyone really
       | responsible."
        
       | sillysaurusx wrote:
       | I don't see anyone mentioning it, so: I was disappointed that an
       | otherwise interesting post was turned political.
       | 
       | > This is why even the well-off feel anxious and restless. We may
       | have democracy by name, but if the systems we interact with, be
       | it the state or private companies, surrender accountability to
       | the desiccated, inhuman processes and give us no recourse, then
       | the democracy is just a hollow concept with no inner meaning.
       | 
       | > You can't steer your own life anymore. The pursuit of happiness
       | is dead. Even your past achievements can be taken away from you
       | by some faceless process. And when that happens, there's no
       | recourse. The future, in this light, begins to feel less hopeful
       | and more ominous.
       | 
       | > It's eerie how much of today's political unrest begins to make
       | sense through this lens.
       | 
       | No, your past achievements aren't taken away from you. When
       | you're wronged, you almost always have recourse, up to and
       | including making a big stink on social media. Private companies
       | aren't meant to be political democracies. They're in fact almost
       | explicitly designed to be authoritarian, because it works well.
       | You don't suddenly live in a not-democracy just because the
       | companies have a CEO and middle managers that set up processes.
       | 
       | I wish the rest of the post wasn't called into question by this
       | hyperbole, but it is. It makes some interesting points, but
       | ultimately it feeds into a natural desire to be pessimistic.
       | Which means it's entertainment rather than an analysis.
        
         | cbsmith wrote:
         | There's also the nice sidestepping of the whole issue of human
         | judgement comes with the baggage of ignorance and prejudice.
         | Yes, the article acknowledges that processes can be largely
         | beneficial, but it focuses on the horrors of the processes,
         | while glossing over the horrors of NOT having the processes.
        
       | CamouflagedKiwi wrote:
       | In my experience, the credit card example is _usually_ solved in
       | a practical way which is still somewhat bad, but allows the
       | person to at least get a card: They abbreviate one or both names
       | in some way for the card.
       | 
       | As crappy as the system with its max length for people's names,
       | it's common to allow first initial + surname. It also works very
       | badly for non ASCII names - to my understanding, I _think_ people
       | in East Asia just have to use romanisations if they want to have
       | a Mastercard. This all sucks, but it's a bit more than "the card
       | design" - it's quite fundamentally baked in to how the whole
       | system works. There aren't a lot of systems out there which are
       | based on more aged and legacy technology than card networks.
        
       | dkbrk wrote:
       | The discussion near the end about how leadership taking
       | responsibility can beneficially relieve accountability reminded
       | me of the story of the Naval Tactical Data System (NTDS) [0].
       | 
       | [1]:
       | 
       | > When NTDS was eventually acclaimed not only a success, but also
       | one of the most successful projects in the Navy; it amazed
       | people. Especially because it had stayed within budget and
       | schedule. A number of studies were commissioned to analyze the
       | NTDS project to find why it had been so successful in spite of
       | the odds against it. Sometimes it seems there was as much money
       | spent on studying NTDS than was spent on NTDS development.
       | 
       | [2]:
       | 
       | > ...the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations authorized
       | development of the Naval tactical Data System in April 1956, and
       | assigned the Bureau of Ships as lead developing agency. The
       | Bureau, in turn, assigned Commander Irvin McNally as NTDS project
       | "coordinator" with Cdr. Edward Svendsen as his assistant. Over a
       | period of two years the coordinating office would evolve to one
       | of the Navy's first true project offices having complete
       | technical, management, and funds control over all life cycle
       | aspects of the Naval Tactical Data System including research and
       | development, production procurement, shipboard installation,
       | lifetime maintenance and system improvement.
       | 
       | [1]:
       | 
       | The Freedom to Fail: McNally and Svendsen had an agreement with
       | their seniors in the Bureau of Ships and in OPNAV that, if they
       | wanted them to do in five years what normally took 14, they would
       | have to forego the time consuming rounds of formal project
       | reviews and just let them keep on working. This was reasonable
       | because the two commanders were the ones who had defined the the
       | new system and they knew better than any senior reviewing
       | official whether they were on the right track or not. It was
       | agreed, when the project officers needed help, they would ask for
       | it, otherwise the seniors would stand clear and settle for
       | informal progress briefings.
       | 
       | The key take-away is that the NTDS was set up as a siloed project
       | office with Commanders McNally and Svendsen having responsibility
       | for the ultimate success of the project, but other than that
       | being completely unaccountable. There were many other things the
       | NTDS project did well, but I believe that fundamental aspect of
       | its organization was the critical necessary condition for its
       | success. Lack of accountability can be bad, in other
       | circumstances it can be useful, but diffusion of responsibility
       | is always the enemy.
       | 
       | How many trillions of dollars are wasted on projects that go
       | overbudget, get delayed and/or ultimately fail, and to what
       | extent could that pernicious trend be remedied if such projects
       | were led from inception to completion by one or two people with
       | responsibility for its ultimate success who shield the project
       | from accountability?
       | 
       | [0]: https://ethw.org/First-
       | Hand:No_Damned_Computer_is_Going_to_T...
       | 
       | [1]: https://ethw.org/First-Hand:Legacy_of_NTDS_-
       | _Chapter_9_of_th...
       | 
       | [2]: https://ethw.org/First-
       | Hand:Building_the_U.S._Navy%27s_First...
        
       | bgnn wrote:
       | This reminded me of my favorite David Greaber book: The utopia of
       | rules (https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Utopia_of_Rules).
       | 
       | Greaber, if I remember right, argues that modern bureaucracy
       | started with efficient means of communication. He squares the
       | Deutsche Post as the milestone, as they made the whole population
       | available to be controlled. Now the state could send them
       | letters, count them, enlist them in the military etc.. It's a
       | brilliant observation: communication technology is the main tool
       | of the bureaucracy. The tangent he takes fron there is even more
       | brilliant: we have been heavily focusing and improving the
       | communication tech (telephone, fax, tv, radio, internet, social
       | media) but not necessarily the tech to reduce thr burden of work
       | for the masses (robots!). If you would ask someone 100 years ago
       | how the future would look like, people would almost invariably
       | say they would need to work less in the future, abd at some point
       | they invariably expected to have robots do all the work. Yet, all
       | we got is smartphones that watch every movement of us, makes us
       | available to the employer anywhere and anytime, hence more means
       | to control us by state or, exceedingly, private bureaucracies.
       | There's a reason why AI boom is happening, as this is the next
       | tech on the bureaucracy tree.
       | 
       | This being said, none of these tech are bad by themselves. It is
       | the shape they took and the way they are used in contemporary
       | society. To tie with the OP: we have communication tools
       | available to us that is billions of times more efficient and
       | effective yet the customer service, or any interaction with any
       | big corporation (as a customer or employee) or state got so much
       | worse and impersonal. Impersonal as in, individual cases do not
       | exist anymore, only policies. One could have expected to escalate
       | a claim back in late 19th century by just writing letters and
       | eventually get to someone, or even just show up at the offices of
       | a company and get their problem resolved (this is still the case
       | in developing countries). Can we expect this now?
        
         | gavmor wrote:
         | More reachable, more accountable, and more surveilled _by
         | whom_?
         | 
         | And can we flip the relationship, creating dashboards or
         | whatever from which agentic systems reach, hold to account, and
         | surveille right back?
         | 
         | I'm thinking _pro-active_ agents that escalate for you, sinking
         | their teeth into interactions with large organizations like a
         | dog with a bone.
        
           | bgnn wrote:
           | It's the upper layer in the hierarchy that creates the
           | impersonal "I'm just following the rules" behavior, aka
           | accountability sinks. Surveillance is basically strengthening
           | this, as every step of an employee can be traced. And you are
           | 100% right, these technologies, as I wrote above aren't
           | malicious or something and can be used on the opposite, and
           | should. Ease of access to someone with decision making
           | capability should make desicion makjng easier, not harder. We
           | should be able to hold higher ups responsible.
        
       | thomastjeffery wrote:
       | This is the same reason that computers suck.
       | 
       | Every program you ever run will precisely follow the same set of
       | rules, because it _is_ those rules.
       | 
       | There's a missing piece that no one has really managed to
       | implement on computers: backstory. The reason _why_ a program 's
       | rules are written is much more important than the rules
       | themselves, yet we haven't found any way to _write_ the reason
       | why.
       | 
       | The most important feature of backstory is that it's dynamic. The
       | meaning of a story can be completely changed by simply replacing
       | its backstory. Whether it's a computer program or a societal
       | organization, _a decided system must be ignorant to its
       | backstory_. There is no place in a decided system to implement
       | context. It turns out that this is a core feature of computable
       | systems: they are context-free.
       | 
       | ---
       | 
       | I've been working on a way to change this, but it's such an
       | abstract idea, it's been hard to actually find (and choose) where
       | to get started.
        
       | ungreased0675 wrote:
       | Generalizing here, but it's a sign of a bad process when it's
       | thrown out in an emergency.
       | 
       | Crisis is when well-thought out, tested procedures should be
       | used, at least as a starting point.
        
       | jll29 wrote:
       | You can't get a credit card because your name is too long?
       | 
       | You can't pass immigrations because you don't have a last name?
       | 
       | The future is not made for you, because progammers and designers
       | didn't get requirements that match the diversity of this
       | beautiful world.
       | 
       | It remindes me how someone I know often makes complicated food
       | orders in restaurants (modfying or replacing items on the menu),
       | and then they get disappointed or complain because their wishes
       | are forgotten or screwed up. I never make changes to a menu item,
       | because I assume they are unable to accommodate me (either due to
       | stress, lack of intelligence/memory, bad process e.g. not writing
       | down customers' orders etc.). As a result, I get disappointed
       | less often on average - make your oder "compatible" with the
       | realities of this world to avoid disappointment and stress.
       | 
       | There is actually an official procedure for U.S. Immigrations
       | dealing with people who have names that cannot be split
       | meaningfully into first/last names, e.g. some people from India.
       | Assume your name is "Maussam", then you are permitted and
       | expected to fill in that string in BOTH fields, first name and
       | last/family name, when booking a flight or applying for visa. (A
       | similar hack could be devised for names that are "too long".)
       | 
       | Overall, these examples are reminiscent of the movie Brazil
       | (1985), which is about a dystopian future in which a plumber that
       | helps people fix their toilets gets hunted as a terrorist because
       | he didn't fill in the right form.
       | 
       | My theory is the world has been gradually converging towards the
       | absurd state parodied in that movie.
       | 
       | Airlines are not the only ones that get less and less
       | accountable. We should stop spending our money with companies
       | that communicate with us using email spam services the address of
       | which begins with noreply@fubar.com.
       | 
       | https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazil_(1985)
        
       | mschuster91 wrote:
       | > The unsettling thing about this conversation is that you
       | progressively realise that the human being you are speaking to is
       | only allowed to follow a set of processes and rules that pass on
       | decisions made at a higher level of the corporate hierarchy. It's
       | often a frustrating experience; you want to get angry, but you
       | can't really blame the person you're talking to. Somehow, the
       | airline has constructed a state of affairs where it can speak to
       | you with the anonymous voice of an amorphous corporation, but you
       | have to talk back to it as if it were a person like yourself.
       | 
       | Welcome to modern day customer support. Phone or email agents
       | have zero agency and their jobs are more often than not
       | outsourced to some ultra low wage country... the only ones with
       | actual authority tend to be C-level executive assistants and
       | social media teams because a bad experience gone viral can
       | actually threaten a massive financial impact.
        
       | alganet wrote:
       | That is some Tetsuo level bullshit.
       | 
       | Did you already engulfed precious North American spirit in the
       | process, thus, killing it by suffocating it in nonsensical
       | debate?
       | 
       | Let us know when that happens so we can wake up Akira.
        
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