[HN Gopher] Old Soviet Venus descent craft nearing Earth reentry
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       Old Soviet Venus descent craft nearing Earth reentry
        
       Author : Wingman4l7
       Score  : 211 points
       Date   : 2025-05-02 19:02 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.leonarddavid.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.leonarddavid.com)
        
       | quercusa wrote:
       | Those of a certain age will remember this as the premise of the
       | Six Million Dollar Man episode _Death Probe_ (S4E13).
        
         | donnachangstein wrote:
         | They would also remember there is a man with a cape in a phone
         | booth that could be called upon to stop this thing.
        
           | greggsy wrote:
           | No, the Six Million Dollar Man stopped it
        
           | CobrastanJorji wrote:
           | That's a super idea, but sadly Underdog is fictional.
        
             | gcanyon wrote:
             | "There's no need to fear! ..."
        
           | dreamcompiler wrote:
           | Raise your hand if you remember phone booths.
        
             | rbanffy wrote:
             | Can't. My back hurts.
        
             | bunderbunder wrote:
             | I was in one a few weeks ago.
        
             | alabastervlog wrote:
             | It's been so long since those could reliably be found, that
             | even the 1978 Superman movie has a gag about it (Clark
             | steps up to one of those stand-style payphones, briefly
             | looks befuddled, then runs into door turnstile instead,
             | super-speed changing while it spins)
        
             | RetroTechie wrote:
             | Bonus points if you've used those equipped with a rotary
             | dial.
        
       | potato3732842 wrote:
       | It would be pretty stereotypically Soviet to create a parachute
       | system that only mostly (some of the Venera probes kinda crashed)
       | works in the intended use case (short 1-way trip to Venus) but
       | also somehow manages to work once way, way, way outside of its
       | intended operating environment (50yr orbiting earth).
        
         | 0x000xca0xfe wrote:
         | To be fair Venus' atmosphere is pretty much hell.
        
           | BitwiseFool wrote:
           | Higher up the Venusian atmosphere is surprisingly earth-like.
           | Interestingly though, once a probe gets deep enough into the
           | atmosphere a parachute becomes unnecessary because the
           | atmosphere has gotten so thick that a probe can simply soft-
           | land.
        
         | varjag wrote:
         | Parachute deployment was possibly gasodynamic rather than
         | electronically controlled. In which case there's a broad
         | similarity on reentry in Earth atmosphere which could trigger
         | the release.
        
           | orbital-decay wrote:
           | Sounds unlikely, but it could have malfunctioned. I believe
           | the deceleration chute was designed to deploy after the hot
           | entry phase and be triggered mechanically once crossing the
           | certain deceleration threshold of about 2g (I could be wrong
           | though, take it with a huge grain of salt). It also worked as
           | a pilot chute for the cap protecting the main one.
        
         | mrtksn wrote:
         | In my experience, in soviet engineering they don't augment
         | stuff unless absolutely necessary. As a result, stuff tend to
         | work as long as the physics work. It results in relatively
         | crude but simple and reliable machines. The elegance comes from
         | simplicity, in western tech the elegance comes from being well
         | thought and designed for specific use cases. I.e. a Lada will
         | be uncomfortable, loud, uneconomical car but at the same time
         | it will withstand abuse and be easy to repair enough to get it
         | going.
         | 
         | Thinking about the elevator in our commie block, it would have
         | given a heart attack to a western European. Instead of having
         | double doors to keep us safe from the moving wall, it had pads
         | on the bottom and top edge so if your hand or leg is stuck, the
         | pad will be pushed and the elevator will stop immediately. Also
         | there was a tiny cabinet door on the right side so you can
         | access the mechanism to force open the door or force move/halt
         | the elevator. As kids, we would be experimenting with those
         | mechanisms. They worked every single time, no legs or arms were
         | lost.
        
           | throwewey wrote:
           | A Lada is actually an Italian car built under license.
           | 
           | Neah, paternoster is quite a common elevator design in the
           | west: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paternoster_lift
        
             | mrtksn wrote:
             | Depends on the model. It's Lada Niva that is legendary.
        
               | throwewey wrote:
               | How could I forget! Many apologies.
        
               | fipar wrote:
               | I often see one parked in my area (in Uruguay) with a
               | sticker that says "Land Rover recovery vehicle"
        
             | 725686 wrote:
             | "The name paternoster ("Our Father", the first two words of
             | the Lord's Prayer in Latin) was originally applied to the
             | device because the elevator is in the form of a loop and is
             | thus similar to rosary beads used as an aid in reciting
             | prayers."
             | 
             | I would have thought the name was related to the users
             | praying before entering to increase their chances of
             | surviving the ordeal.
        
               | tialaramex wrote:
               | Although this mechanism _looks_ scary it 's actually
               | fine.
               | 
               | The reason even its proponents accept you wouldn't build
               | these now is that they have terrible accessibility, so
               | they're only practical as an extra option.
        
               | em-bee wrote:
               | despite that, it looks like the reason no new
               | paternosters are built and existing ones are removed is
               | safety. unfortunately this is considered to be more
               | important than cultural heritage protection.
               | 
               | i have used one at the university of vienna. sadly it was
               | removed almost 20 years ago.
        
             | idiotsecant wrote:
             | Calling paternosters 'common' in the West is quite a
             | stretch. They are a curiosity where they are found
             | precisely because there are so few.
        
               | zabzonk wrote:
               | Only place I've ever come across one was Napier College,
               | Edinburgh in the mid 1970s. I found it quite scary, and
               | actually preferred to take the stairs. I seem to remember
               | it was actually shut down, for undisclosed reasons.
        
               | ggm wrote:
               | I also used these ones in Edinburgh decades ago, and the
               | same model at Leeds uni which was a similar vintage. The
               | Napier one there is a story about a lecturer convincing
               | two students it went upside down and if you tried to loop
               | the loop you had to stand on your hands to do the
               | transition... much hilarity when they appear upside down
               | on the other side.
        
               | jtwaleson wrote:
               | For some reason I looked into this a couple of weeks ago,
               | and discovered there's one in Amsterdam pretty close to
               | where I often work, in the Grand Hotel Amrath. It's
               | supposedly open to the public every Sunday between 10am
               | and 2pm. I think it's only the second time I've seen one
               | in person, and the previous one has been demolished.
        
             | banku_brougham wrote:
             | Have a look up on the Russian town called Togliati
        
       | em-bee wrote:
       | when i first heard about this probe last week i was wondering,
       | isn't this thing old and unique enough to warrant a mission to
       | rescue and preserve it? combined with todays lower prices for a
       | space flight, it might just be worth it.
       | 
       | and now it looks like it might just survive anyways. but then
       | according to the article there also seems to be a second
       | (identical?) model. so maybe it's not that important, except for
       | maybe material analysis what does 50 years of exposure to space
       | do to the material.
        
         | rdtsc wrote:
         | In principle this is not science fiction, Space Shuttle
         | captured a satellite, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-49,
         | they just didn't return it back. It was a catch, fix, and
         | release.
        
           | dreamcompiler wrote:
           | They did that when they fixed the Hubble telescope too. Five
           | times.
           | 
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubble_Space_Telescope#Servi.
           | ..
        
           | euroderf wrote:
           | How many satellites have the USAF and US Space Command
           | captured ? Inquring minds want to know.
        
             | kjkjadksj wrote:
             | They do run their own unmanned shuttle based platform
             | spacecraft but full capabilities aren't public.
        
           | walrus01 wrote:
           | The space shuttle also captured and returned the long
           | duration exposure facility satellite, a materials test bus
           | for future missions. Extremely uneconomical, however.
        
           | mk_stjames wrote:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-51-A brought two satellites
           | back in the cargo bay that had not reached their proper orbit
           | on a prior launch.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-32 brought back the Long
           | Duration Exposure Facility experiment, a bigass science probe
           | the size of a small school bus.
           | 
           | There are still missions that are classified that could have
           | done so as well.
           | 
           | It was something the shuttle was designed to do, with the
           | 60-foot cargo bay requirement and the ability to bring back
           | the mass it flew with coming specifically from the military.
        
         | MetallicDragon wrote:
         | I don't think we have any active craft capable of recovering
         | it. The space shuttle probably could have done it, but with a
         | cost of about $1.5b per launch, there is no way that would be
         | worth it.
         | 
         | SpaceX's Dragon 2 easily has enough cargo capacity to bring it
         | down (~3 tons vs 0.5 ton), but there's still the question of
         | intercepting, capturing, and securing it in Dragon's cargo bay.
         | That would still cost something north of $100m to recover the
         | lander.
        
           | dmurray wrote:
           | Most of the benefit of the Shuttle program, and manned
           | spaceflight in general, has come from R and D on the launch
           | process, or from the prestige and bragging rights of being
           | able to launch humans into space. So once they're up there,
           | you're getting your money's worth (or not) no matter what
           | they do, you may as well do something cool like recover a
           | historic satellite.
        
           | olex wrote:
           | Dragon likely wouldn't be able to get it, unfortunately.
           | 
           | The lander would easily fit into the unpressurized cargo bay
           | (the "trunk"), that is typically used to launch various
           | vacuum-bound payloads alongside pressurized cargo inside the
           | capsule. However, for a return from orbit, the trunk cannot
           | be used - it is not protected by a heat shield, and is
           | ejected before re-entry.
           | 
           | You are correct that the return payload mass of a Dragon
           | would technically allow it. But you'd need to somehow get the
           | captured object _inside_ the capsule, which may be possible
           | via the EVA front hatch for something smaller, but not 1m in
           | diameter like the Venera lander.
           | 
           | Starship should be able to do it, since it is fully protected
           | by heat shielding and returns in one piece, not ejecting any
           | modules in orbit. But that's quite a while from being
           | operational yet.
        
         | bunderbunder wrote:
         | I would guess that the most expensive part of such an endeavor
         | wouldn't be the launch; it would be developing and building a
         | spacecraft capable of capturing it and bringing it back.
         | 
         | Even the Space Shuttle wasn't necessarily a perfect fit for the
         | job as-is. Hubble was serviced many times, but it was
         | specifically designed for on-orbit capture and servicing by the
         | Shuttle. Before they decommissioned the shuttle they actually
         | had to install an extra piece of hardware to make it feasible
         | to capture and de-orbit using future non-crewed spacecraft. And
         | even then that's just to make sure it crashes in a safe place,
         | not to bring it home intact.
         | 
         | There was also a mission to service a satellite that wasn't
         | designed for the purpose, and they had a really hard time
         | capturing it and very nearly had to give up after days' worth
         | of failed attempts. It finally took simultaneous EVA by three
         | astronauts to coordinate a successful capture (one to grab it
         | by hand, two to get it onto a specialized adapter rig built
         | just for that satellite so that the Canadarm could hold it),
         | which is quite a thing considering that the Shuttle's only
         | designed to allow two people on EVA at a time.
         | 
         | This craft is likely tumbling, which I presume would make it
         | unacceptably dangerous for a crewed mission (and certainly
         | rules out anyone just going out there and grabbing it with
         | their hands), in addition to making successful capture that
         | much more difficult.
        
       | ahmedfromtunis wrote:
       | Man, I wish we had the technology to just concoct a spacecraft
       | that can intercept the lander in its shallow reentry and bring it
       | back in as few pieces as possible.
       | 
       | I don't know what value can it have to be studied since it never
       | left low earth orbit (albeit it was there since 1972), but I know
       | it would be a cool addition to any museum that may host it.
        
         | fsckboy wrote:
         | space shuttle, the air force still has one, doesn't it? also,
         | elon could whip something up.
        
           | pacificmint wrote:
           | The Air Force never had a space shuttle, though NASA flew
           | missions for the Air Force and the NRO.
           | 
           | But at this point none of the remaining shuttles are in an
           | operational state.
           | 
           | Maybe you are thinking of the X-37 which is operated by the
           | space force?
        
       | porphyra wrote:
       | It's funny/sad how a bunch of Soviet Venera probes had
       | malfunctioning camera lens caps and returned black photos. From
       | Venera 9-12 all four probes had malfunctioning lens caps. And
       | then
       | 
       | > The Venera 14 craft had the misfortune of ejecting the camera
       | lens cap directly under the surface compressibility tester arm,
       | and returned information for the compressibility of the lens cap
       | rather than the surface.
        
         | FredPret wrote:
         | It's funny _now_ - imagine being the Commissar for Lens Cap
         | design in the old USSR and overseeing all that
        
           | staplung wrote:
           | Oh that Commissar was fine. It was the Commissar for Lens Cap
           | Ejection Systems on Interplanetary Probes that got thrown
           | under the avtobus.
        
       | marcodiego wrote:
       | If it falls in my backyard. Can I keep it to myself?
        
         | eagerpace wrote:
         | No
        
         | IncreasePosts wrote:
         | From a previous probe:
         | 
         | > Space law required that the space junk be returned to its
         | national owner, but the Soviets denied knowledge or ownership
         | of the satellite.[8] Ownership therefore fell to the farmer
         | upon whose property the satellite fell. The pieces were
         | thoroughly analyzed by New Zealand scientists which determined
         | that they were Soviet in origin because of manufacturing marks
         | and the high-tech welding of the titanium. The scientists
         | concluded that they were probably gas pressure vessels of a
         | kind used in the launching rocket for a satellite or space
         | vehicle and had decayed in the atmosphere.[9]
         | 
         | I wonder how space law works when the national owner (CCCP) no
         | longer exists? Does it go to Russia? Kazakhstan?
        
           | CryptoBanker wrote:
           | Russia is the successor state to the USSR
        
           | treyd wrote:
           | Usually international law regarding successor states applies,
           | so it would almost certainly be Russia that would have a
           | claim to it.
        
           | lenerdenator wrote:
           | If it lands in my backyard, I'm only giving it directly to
           | Vlad Putin in person. He has to come here.
        
             | copula4 wrote:
             | His name is not Vlad, it's a familiar form of a completely
             | unrelated name. If you want to demonstrate contempt by
             | using a familiar form, use Vova.
             | 
             | It sounds about the same as if I used something like "Joe"
             | to refer to a William.
        
               | margalabargala wrote:
               | Everyone knows who is meant by "Vlad Putin".
               | 
               | The purpose of calling Vlad Putin "Vlad Putin" is to show
               | disrespect towards Vlad Putin, which is better
               | accomplished by making the diminutization less
               | linguistically accurate.
        
       | mensetmanusman wrote:
       | What are the chances it lands and kills a whale?
        
         | mystified5016 wrote:
         | Whales are not _typically_ found on land, and usually when they
         | 're already dead.
        
           | IncreasePosts wrote:
           | You've clearly never been to a Walmart outside Indianapolis
           | before.
        
           | ChocolateGod wrote:
           | What if it lands on water though?
        
           | simonebrunozzi wrote:
           | I think we can still estimate that probability. I'd say 0%.
        
             | aruggirello wrote:
             | This thread is looking more and more as if it were written
             | by Douglas Adams.
        
       | alexfromapex wrote:
       | It sounds like it will definitely land, no parachute, because it
       | was made to be strong enough to survive the pressures of Venus. I
       | hope it doesn't land near me.
        
         | 1970-01-01 wrote:
         | Sorry, but there is still no chance it will land. It's safe to
         | bet your house on it making a nice crater or just disappearing
         | from radar into the drink.
        
       | rbanffy wrote:
       | Would be awesome if it soft-landed on a field and started taking
       | and transmitting pictures of sheep.
        
       | eh_why_not wrote:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosmos_482
       | 
       |  _> Its landing module, which weighs 495 kilograms (1,091 lb), is
       | highly likely to reach the surface of Earth in one piece as it
       | was designed to withstand 300 G 's of acceleration and 100
       | atmospheres of pressure._
       | 
       | Awesome! I don't know how you can design for 300 G's of
       | acceleration!
        
         | dgrin91 wrote:
         | Nitpicking, but wouldn't it be 300 Gs of deceleration? I know
         | the math is basically the same, but technically the words a
         | mean different things
        
           | jbnorth wrote:
           | What is deceleration but acceleration in the opposite
           | direction? /s
        
             | JohnKemeny wrote:
             | There's no need for the "/s" on the end, there.
             | Deceleration, and especially in this case with a natural
             | frame of reference, deceleration is negative acceleration.
        
           | crazydoggers wrote:
           | Acceleration is a vector. So if you apply the "deceleration"
           | long enough you'll eventually be accelerating in the opposite
           | direction. Without a frame of reference it's all the same.
           | Even with a frame of reference you're still accelerating just
           | that it's in he opposite direction of the current velocity.
        
             | Eduard wrote:
             | I fly through trams in completely different directions
             | depending on whether it accelerates or decelerates. So for
             | sure a system's design must consider more than just the
             | magnitude of acceleration.
        
           | amoshebb wrote:
           | I think this is a case where "technically" the words mean the
           | same thing but "generally" they mean different things.
        
         | os2warpman wrote:
         | There are electronics and gyroscopes designed for >9,000 G
         | loads, in guided artillery shells.
         | 
         | Aerospace is awesome.
        
       | ConanRus wrote:
       | Soviet is the best (c)
        
       | CommenterPerson wrote:
       | If the parachute had already deployed sometime during the past 50
       | years, wouldn't it burn up on re-entry?
        
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       (page generated 2025-05-02 23:00 UTC)