[HN Gopher] How NASA Is Using Graph Technology and LLMs to Build...
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       How NASA Is Using Graph Technology and LLMs to Build a People
       Knowledge Graph
        
       Author : lexmo67
       Score  : 90 points
       Date   : 2025-04-27 16:22 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (memgraph.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (memgraph.com)
        
       | rkwz wrote:
       | Any idea which LLM they're using?
        
       | mistrial9 wrote:
       | NASA announced LLMs in early days (years ago) - it seemed like
       | they wanted to understand their own document libraries! What else
       | could be inferred here? mass layoffs plus "people substitutes" ?
       | is there a more diplomatic way to see this?
        
         | karamanolev wrote:
         | The only connection between "they wanted to understand their
         | own document libraries" and "mass layoffs" is potentially
         | "increased efficiency leads to needing less people for the same
         | job". If there's anything else, please let me know.
         | 
         | And if it's that, then are you suggesting to _not_ implement a
         | certain technological efficiency tool in order to keep (now
         | clearly redundant) jobs? That has never worked long-term in the
         | history of mankind, AFAIK.
        
       | behnamoh wrote:
       | > What made you choose memgraph? ... And then Memgraph showed me
       | the cost. That kind of sold me for time for us to be able to do
       | that.
       | 
       | It's an ad post about memgraph.
        
         | ctxc wrote:
         | Yes, domain is memgraph and it seems to be a marketing case
         | study.
        
       | dpflan wrote:
       | As an alternative to a pure graph db (e.g. here, memgraph), has
       | anyone here used Apache's AGE graph-database extension for
       | Postgresql? For making a knowledge graph that can live alongside
       | SQL?
        
         | dgllghr wrote:
         | I believe AGE has unfortunately been defunded:
         | https://github.com/apache/age/discussions/2150 It's a shame
         | because it seemed like being able to query data across multiple
         | paradigms would be really useful
        
       | demaga wrote:
       | > 27K nodes and 230K edges
       | 
       | This is such an overkill for that kind of data. Even if they do
       | plan to "scale up significantly", I doubt that they'll actually
       | experience any benefit of graph db.
        
         | mmooss wrote:
         | Why do you say that?
        
       | jerryseff wrote:
       | Memgraph is laughably expensive - I honestly wonder what anyone
       | actually uses it for outside of companies that just don't care
       | about infra spend.
        
         | mbuda wrote:
         | DISCLAIMER: The co-founder and CTO of Memgraph here.
         | 
         | To add more context, Memgraph Enterprise pricing is explained
         | under https://memgraph.com/pricing: "Starting at $25,000 per
         | year for 16 GB, Memgraph has an all-inclusive, simple pricing
         | model that scales with your workload without restrictions. No
         | charge for compute. No charge for replicas. No charge for
         | algorithms. No Surprises.".
         | 
         | In addition, Memgraph Community is free (standard BSL license,
         | which turns into Apache2 4 years after release date, https://gi
         | thub.com/memgraph/memgraph/blob/master/licenses/BS...), and it
         | has many features that are usually considered enterprise
         | (users, replication, not a single degradation in performance or
         | scale, etc.).
         | 
         | Please elaborate more about why the pricing seems expensive, or
         | put it into the infra-cost perspective :pray:
        
           | smarx007 wrote:
           | I think on this site anything that's more expensive than free
           | is considered expensive. Countless arguments have been had on
           | Oracle vs Postgres, including lock-in. I think lock-in is
           | more important to consider than license cost.
           | 
           | To be fair, it is quite nice for the pricing to be
           | transparent. And I think it's somewhat competitive w.r.t.
           | Stardog, for example. The community version is less
           | restricted than Ontotext, for example.
        
         | smarx007 wrote:
         | If you want a production-grade graph DBMS, you don't have that
         | many OSS options that are reliable and well-supported.
         | 
         | In the relational space, it took OSS options like Postgres many
         | decades (and somehow paid-for person-years) to get to a place
         | where enterprises seriously consider migrating off Oracle to
         | it.
        
           | jcgrillo wrote:
           | Are there any? My experience so far with graph databases is a
           | resounding failure.
        
             | XorNot wrote:
             | In OSS or generally?
        
       | timewizard wrote:
       | > It's [sql] just not built for the complex relationships that
       | exist in a massive organizations like NASA.
       | 
       | This is an absurd claim.
       | 
       | > Extracted Skills from Team Resumes
       | 
       | > Extracted Skills
       | 
       | > Subject Matter Experts Finder Question: designed to identify
       | employees with expertise in specific domains or mission-critical
       | capabilities.
       | 
       | I can't think of anything that screams "incompetent management"
       | more than this. So, to find a subject matter expert, you're going
       | to "extract skills" and "extract resumes" to answer abstract
       | questions about your staff... without ever once.. just _talking_
       | to your staff?
       | 
       | What a cold and bizarre future these people think we want to live
       | in.
       | 
       | Meanwhile can we use technology to improve the level of
       | connectivity I have and experience as an employee? Can you please
       | stop asking LLMs to "extract" things about me into goofy
       | automated pipelines? If you want skilled workers then you need to
       | demonstrate skilled management. This is all the exact opposite of
       | that.
        
         | mbuda wrote:
         | This is like saying: "Here we have a rocket, but let's keep
         | trying to go to the moon by bike." xD
         | 
         | What's wrong with attempting to better understand a given
         | organization using LLMs or any other tech? Ofc, great managers
         | will try as hard as possible to talk face to face as much as
         | possible.
        
           | timewizard wrote:
           | > This is like saying:
           | 
           | I highly doubt the difference between current staff
           | management and adding this thin layer is equivalent to
           | difference between a bike and a rocket. It's more like saying
           | "we get to the moon just fine, but if we strap this extra
           | booster on, we will get there 2% faster than before but with
           | all kinds of additional risks to the payload!"
           | 
           | > What's wrong with attempting to better understand a given
           | organization
           | 
           | You can alienate your employees and lose your skill base as a
           | result. I'd like to be evaluated based on upon my work and
           | dedication, not what some LLM thinks it sees in my resume.
           | I've worked for my current company for 17 years. My resume
           | contains none of that work or any skills gained in that time.
           | 
           | I also like to take on new challenges and learn new skills.
           | The LLMs "extractions" cannot see this or attend to it.
           | 
           | > Ofc, great managers will try as hard as possible to talk
           | face to face as much as possible.
           | 
           | That's not the problem being discussed here. The question is
           | "can we use technology to make better organizational
           | decisions particularly when it comes to the efficient use of
           | human resources." If I have a bad boss, I'm going to quit,
           | and you'll never even have this opportunity. If I have a good
           | boss, and you interfere with his decisions using LLM driven
           | logic, I'm going to quit, and you're never going to get the
           | benefit of that labor anyways.
        
         | throwaway0123_5 wrote:
         | It doesn't seem like it is intended for a manager to use to get
         | information about their direct reports, but rather org-wide
         | information?
         | 
         | NASA apparently has ~18k employees, it seems like it might be
         | useful to be able to query "Who at NASA has X, Y, Z skills that
         | can help us with this project." Then you can speak to some of
         | those people face-to-face. It won't be perfect but certainly
         | sounds like a useful tool in principle.
        
         | browningstreet wrote:
         | Every large consulting org does this. It's a market for
         | enterprise and home-grown solutions.
        
           | soco wrote:
           | My consulting org has 3 (three) right now running in parallel
           | and had another few over the last decade. Yet people still
           | send emails around asking for support. And as a consultant
           | every one is mandatory and every one is a bad joke in its own
           | way. I don't think the market is anything else than a huge
           | scam. Is this tool here better? If yes, hats off.
        
       | inerte wrote:
       | I know it's a marketing case study, but:
       | 
       | > Ever wondered how NASA identifies its top experts, forms high-
       | performing teams, and plans for the skills of tomorrow?
       | 
       | Here's another resource on that
       | https://appel.nasa.gov/2010/02/18/aa_2-7_f_nasa_teams-html/ the
       | book "How NASA Builds Teams: Mission Critical Soft Skills for
       | Scientists, Engineers, and Project Teams"
        
       | cebert wrote:
       | I think I found a place Dodge can save some money. Memgraph
       | pricing is ridiculous.
        
         | patcon wrote:
         | Even paying a college grad to babysit a server costs more than
         | their yearly rate. I assume you're speaking as someone who
         | loves to host everything for themselves, but the logic is
         | surely different in enterprise/government, no?
        
       | jandrewrogers wrote:
       | > The current graph has about 27K nodes and 230K edges
       | 
       | That is _tiny_ even by historical standards. I was expecting
       | there to be some type of technology here. Why is this
       | interesting?
        
       | smarx007 wrote:
       | > "To make sure everyone understands that, I prefer label
       | property graphs over RDF."
       | 
       | I have two major issues with virtually all graph DBMSs that are
       | not RDF/SPARQL-based:
       | 
       | 1) They do not allow structure-preserving querying. That is, I
       | query a graph and want the results to be a smaller graph. This is
       | trivial in SQL, you just 'SELECT * FROM x WHERE ...' and the
       | result set you get is tabular just like the table x. In SPARQL,
       | there are a CONSTRUCT/DESCRIBE queries that do just that - give
       | you the results as a graph.
       | 
       | 2) They don't use any (internationally recognized) standard to
       | represent graph data. RDF is the only such format known to me
       | (ignore all the semantic web stuff associated with it and just
       | consider the format).
       | 
       | 230k edges is peanuts for a graph db. It's like when the number
       | of rows times columns in your SQL DB is 230k. NASA could
       | (should?) have just used Oxigraph, RDF4J, or Jena. Stardog and
       | Ontotext are the paid options. However, it is quite nice to see
       | more interest in graph-based DBMSs in general!
       | 
       | > "Which employees have cross-disciplinary expertise in AI/ML?"
       | 
       | Regarding the study itself, I did not understand who is the
       | target user of this. I would rather be more interested in the
       | Lessons Learned 2.0 study (I understand it was attempted once
       | before [1]). I don't think the study at hand would be able to
       | correctly answer questions about expertise.
       | 
       | On the technical side, as far as I understand, the cosine
       | similarity was computed per triplet? In that case, I could see
       | how pgvector could be used for this. Relevance expansion is the
       | only thing in the article that made me think that it would be
       | cool if it works well. But I could see how in a combo of a
       | regular RDF DBMS + pgvector, one could first do a cosine
       | similarity query via pgvector and then compute an (S)CBD [2] of
       | the subject (the from node) of the triplet.
       | 
       | [1]: https://youtu.be/QEBVoultYJg?t=1653
       | 
       | [2]: https://patterns.dataincubator.org/book/bounded-
       | description....
        
       | gitroom wrote:
       | Man, love seeing pushback on automated skill matchingsometimes
       | feels like tech folks keep inventing new tools just to dodge
       | actual conversations. Ever wonder if all this automation just
       | makes things colder instead of smarter?
        
       | citizenpaul wrote:
       | My experience with tools like this is that they have only one
       | single outcome. Piling work onto the most talented or
       | desperate(ie need money or visa) people until they leave the
       | org/company. Eventually leading to total skill erosion and a very
       | low average skill/productivity across the company as people leave
       | or hide their abilities.
       | 
       | Why? because there is never a reward attached. Oh you want to
       | make me the AI resource for the agency but not remove former
       | duties or increase my pay? Ummmm no thanks. Also things tend to
       | happen in waves ie "AI" so everyone needs a lot from a very few
       | people at the same time. No one ever asks how those people can be
       | empowered. Just how can we put the screws to them so they work
       | harder.
       | 
       | HR and Mgmt can f-off with their "skill resource bank" or
       | whatever nonsense they call it this year. My skills are what I
       | was hired for on the job description. If you want to discuss a
       | new position or higher pay for different skills I'm very happy to
       | talk about how I can work with the org to make that happen. Thats
       | never the case though.
        
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       (page generated 2025-04-27 23:00 UTC)