[HN Gopher] Google is illegally monopolizing online advertising ...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Google is illegally monopolizing online advertising tech, judge
       rules
        
       Author : IdealeZahlen
       Score  : 593 points
       Date   : 2025-04-17 14:47 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nytimes.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nytimes.com)
        
       | doom2 wrote:
       | Decision here:
       | https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.vaed.53...
        
       | xhkkffbf wrote:
       | Google really should start floating some plans for splitting
       | itself up. Things worked out pretty well when Ma Bell was split
       | up. Some people thought it would all fail, but the companies have
       | done a good job competing and cooperating at the right times.
       | 
       | If Google comes up with the plans, it's better than some
       | antagonist.
        
         | adgjlsfhk1 wrote:
         | Google seems harder to split up than Bell to me. Bell was split
         | regionally which makes sense since each region has it's own
         | wires and can make money separately. Google has the problem
         | that all their products other than adds lose money (or make
         | money through integration with Google adds)
        
           | alabastervlog wrote:
           | This is exactly why it's important to bust them up: all those
           | other products are effectively "dumping" on whatever sector
           | they compete in. This even discourages time-investment (to
           | develop) and learning-to-use investment (for users) for
           | _free_ alternatives, not just commercial ones.
        
             | whoknowsidont wrote:
             | All of their products helped the sector they are in. They
             | didn't "dump" into it. Google continually improved areas
             | where other companies previously refused to, even if they
             | were charging for their services.
             | 
             | Mail. Internet browsers? Does it really need to be stated?
             | Open source. Kubernetes. Open source. Tensor architecture.
             | Freely released.
             | 
             | I don't see the argument for breaking Google up other than
             | people are holding some vendetta against Google for being
             | successful AND a pretty good citizen in the overall
             | landscape so to speak.
             | 
             | If anyone needs to be broken up it's Microsoft. Microsoft
             | actively harms every other competitor by bundling all their
             | services together to the point where businesses won't even
             | look at other software (teams? Azure is basically sold on
             | nepotism).
        
               | bdcravens wrote:
               | Their business apps division is probably a billion dollar
               | business.
               | 
               | Their cloud generates a couple of billions in _profit_
               | each year.
               | 
               | Besides that, I don't think giving away anything for free
               | justifies any activity. If we're trying to compare to
               | Microsoft, remember that Internet Explorer was free, and
               | modern day Microsoft literally owns Github.
        
               | whoknowsidont wrote:
               | Revenue is not really a consideration when talking about
               | _illegal_ monopolies. That is an incorrect way to view
               | this. It's about anti-competitive practices. That's what
               | the laws are about (and the reason for their existence).
               | 
               | Google is not anti-competitive. At no point am I forced
               | or even "guided" into doing business with Google, at any
               | stage, in any department. There are 8 billion other ad-
               | networks out there, and there are plenty of mail
               | providers to choose from, and plenty of search providers
               | to choose from, and plenty of cloud providers to choose
               | from. If you're on gmail (even business), or Google
               | Cloud, or Adsense, there really isn't much stopping you
               | from switching to something else. There's no real lock-
               | in.
               | 
               | You cannot say the same with Microsoft. A lot of
               | businesses are so dependent on MS's offerings they might
               | as well just be glorified subsidiaries. You don't really
               | have an Excel drop in, or an AD drop in, or a messaging
               | app drop in that comes with all the other services.
               | Google doesn't hand out Cloud credits with the express
               | purpose of roping more of your business infrastructure
               | under one company.
               | 
               | Internet Explorer was not free. You needed Windows. And
               | if you had Windows you HAD IE, regardless of whether you
               | wanted it or not, or even tried to remove it.
        
               | CPLX wrote:
               | > Google is not anti-competitive.
               | 
               | While you're welcome to this opinion you might want to
               | address the fact that Google has recently lost THREE
               | separate trials, each of which individually and
               | separately produced a verdict that they are, in fact, in
               | violation of laws against unfair competition.
        
               | whoknowsidont wrote:
               | You mean the three trials which are definitely not
               | politically motivated, right?
        
               | bdcravens wrote:
               | > Internet Explorer was not free. You needed Windows. And
               | if you had Windows you HAD IE, regardless of whether you
               | wanted it or not, or even tried to remove it.
               | 
               | Can you use Gmail, Google Drive, Chrome sync etc and opt
               | out of allowing Google to use any of your data for
               | advertising services?
        
               | whoknowsidont wrote:
               | I can in fact, go to a different mail provider, use a
               | different file hosting and sharing service, and use
               | different browsers with different sync technologies.
               | 
               | All of that I can do _for free_ with little to no hassle.
               | 
               | This was not the case with IE. You are not doing a fair
               | comparison here, and it's bordering on dishonest.
        
               | xigency wrote:
               | I think you misunderstand what 'dumping' means in this
               | market context. Sure, free software like Linux is great.
               | But if you didn't have that preconceived notion, a
               | competitor dumping free software on the market to make
               | others' initiatives unprofitable would look like an anti-
               | trust violation, rather than a charitable act of
               | community.
        
           | bdcravens wrote:
           | That's a business model problem then.
           | 
           | Any other business burying money into various endeavors would
           | have to cut losses at some point, which underscores the point
           | of an unfair monopoly.
           | 
           | Google isn't operating at a loss in all products. About 12%
           | of revenue is cloud; about 12% is everything else. Their
           | business apps is estimated to be a billion-dollar business on
           | its own. Cloud is profitable, and earns probably 1.5-3
           | billion dollars a year in profit.
        
             | Jensson wrote:
             | > Any other business burying money into various endeavors
             | would have to cut losses at some point
             | 
             | Google has a massive graveyard full of killed projects,
             | they are cutting their losses, few companies cut as much as
             | they do:
             | 
             | https://killedbygoogle.com/
        
               | bdcravens wrote:
               | While at first glance this may disprove the idea that
               | they don't cut losses, it actually furthers the argument
               | that advertising revenue creates perverted incentives,
               | since they blew massive amounts of money on projects with
               | no financial value. Moreover, while those products are
               | dead, the data gained likely made its way into the
               | advertising information flow. If you were a competitor to
               | one of those dead products, or an advertising company
               | that has to carefully evaluate the cost effectiveness of
               | an auxiliary product, Google has an "unfair" advantage
               | over you.
        
           | ajross wrote:
           | Yeah. The problem with splitting up Google is that Google
           | products, taken in isolation, are _themselves_ keys to
           | preventing other monopolies.
           | 
           | Split off Android to swim on its own and we get an iPhone
           | monopoly. Split off Workspace and we go back to the days of
           | MSOffice's monopoly. Splitting out Chrome essentially kills
           | the World Wide Web as an application platform as no one else
           | wants to support it. Cloud would probably stand alone
           | competitively, but if not it's going to be an Amazon
           | monopoly.
           | 
           | Basically Google is strong in search and ads (also AI, though
           | that isn't a revenue center yet and there's lots of
           | competition) and second place in everything else. IMHO it's
           | very hard[1] to make a pro-consumer argument behind killing
           | off all those second place products.
           | 
           | [1] And yeah, they pay my salary, but I work on open source
           | stuff and know nothing about corporate governance.
        
             | snozolli wrote:
             | _Split off Android to swim on its own and we get an iPhone
             | monopoly._
             | 
             | Why? Android appears to be profitable.
        
               | ajross wrote:
               | Only Google-integrated Android devices are profitable.
               | You really think Graphene/Lineage/etc... devices have a
               | chance in the market vs. _Apple Computer_? Splitting off
               | the integration means those devices have to pay for it or
               | go without. Even Amazon failed in this space.
               | 
               | Which is to say, the parts of Android that are
               | "profitable" are the parts tied to the broader corporate
               | product suite.
        
               | snozolli wrote:
               | _Only Google-integrated Android devices are profitable._
               | 
               | I don't understand what you're trying to say. Pixel
               | devices? Android devices being paid by Google to use
               | Google's app store, browser, and default search engine?
               | What does any of that have to do with whether or not
               | Android is separated?
               | 
               |  _You really think Graphene /Lineage/etc... devices have
               | a chance in the market vs. Apple Computer?_
               | 
               | What does that have to do with whether or not the Android
               | 'division' of Google would survive being spun off?
        
               | ajross wrote:
               | If the only way to sell a profitable product is to buy
               | its core value-add (Google integration) from someone
               | else, then your product isn't profitable by definition.
               | Split off Android and Pixels become just another Fire
               | Phone, and will compete just about as well (or worse,
               | since the spun-off Android division wouldn't even have
               | free Amazon integration).
               | 
               | Again, there are Google-free Android phones in the market
               | today. They do very poorly.
        
         | newsclues wrote:
         | The baby bells just bought each other up, and nothing really
         | changed
        
           | bdcravens wrote:
           | Then there's no harm in splitting Google and letting them buy
           | up those companies in 30 years.
        
           | burningChrome wrote:
           | Even worse, when the local exchange carriers were renting
           | their infrastructure and trying to compete on the thinnest of
           | margins, it allowed the baby bells to see who could survive
           | and who couldn't. Those who didn't survive went under. The
           | successful smaller CLEC's, were then bought by the baby bells
           | for their customers.
           | 
           | They essentially created a test market for their competitors,
           | then simply acquired the ones who presented any kind of
           | competition or had decent enough management to properly
           | manage the very thin margins they were working at.
           | 
           | So yeah, even when the govt _thought_ they had leveled the
           | playing field and allowed competition, all it did was give
           | those baby bell companies another competitive advantage.
        
         | Analemma_ wrote:
         | > Things worked out pretty well when Ma Bell was split up
         | 
         | In what way? They all just re-consolidated back into
         | monopolies. I have one choice of telecom provider in my
         | location: if I don't like Xfinity, I get to eat shit. At least
         | Ma Bell had to get the government's permission to raise prices;
         | frankly, I'd prefer having that back.
        
           | ablerman wrote:
           | It's worse than that, they reconsolidated but BellLabs was
           | shut down in the process. So, they got the same control they
           | previously had except they weren't spending on research. IMO,
           | they should have been prevented from reconsolidating.
        
           | bryanlarsen wrote:
           | > In what way?
           | 
           | It's fairly straightforward to argue that the internet as we
           | know it wouldn't have been possible without the Bell labs
           | split up. There were dozens of large telecommunications
           | companies that were enabled by the split, and those companies
           | built much of the equipment used in the early internet.
           | 
           | Not to mention Unix.
        
           | rtkwe wrote:
           | Xfinity is Comcast which I don't think has much connection to
           | the Baby Bells or their reconsolidation. Unfortunately the
           | the cost of running cable to the broad US suburbs is a pretty
           | big natural barrier to competition.
           | 
           | https://i.redd.it/7v0zi94tms181.jpg
        
       | lupka wrote:
       | Happy to see this and hopefully there are some changes. Right now
       | I'm dealing with a crazy Adsense issue and there is no recourse,
       | no customer support and no alternative.
        
         | whoknowsidont wrote:
         | There is no shortage of other ad platforms. Breaking up Google
         | isn't going to solve your specific issue lol
        
           | azemetre wrote:
           | No but it would stop a single company from accumulating so
           | much power.
           | 
           | How you can argue such things are democratic are beyond me.
           | There is nothing democratic about trillion dollar
           | corporations that can ruin your business for refusing to play
           | their game.
        
             | whoknowsidont wrote:
             | How can Google ruin your business?
        
               | Henchman21 wrote:
               | By refusing to send you traffic that you rely upon for
               | revenue? For reasons that likely wouldn't even come to
               | light in a lawsuit?
        
               | afavour wrote:
               | I've seen countless examples, e.g. a business that
               | depends on online advertising gets its account suspended
               | for incorrect reasons and there is literally no-one to
               | reach at Google to get unsuspended.
        
               | whoknowsidont wrote:
               | Do you have a documented example of this?
        
               | nickff wrote:
               | Not parent, but there are many examples of this; they're
               | often (but not always) unsympathetic cases due to the
               | business model of the business which has been destroyed.
        
               | lupka wrote:
               | This is happening to me right now. I have run a site for
               | 14 years that gets most of its traffic during the current
               | two week stretch (it's related to NBA playoffs).
               | 
               | All of a sudden, Adsense revenue has gone to basically
               | zero. $90 of earnings from Sunday has even disappeared.
               | 
               | There is no way to contact a real person at Google. You
               | can just post in their dumb little forum and someone with
               | no authority who doesn't even work there will reply to
               | you with the same pointless info from their FAQ.
               | 
               | If things go the way they have been, it seems like
               | roughly $2k in revenue that's been pretty consistent for
               | the last decade is going to be basically zero this year
               | and there's nothing I can do about it.
               | 
               | Thankfully, this is just a side project and I'll be fine,
               | but its not hard to see how they could screw someone over
               | who relied on it.
        
               | whoknowsidont wrote:
               | You could just go to a different ad network? At that
               | amount of money you're not on the ad exchange.
               | 
               | I don't see how this is ruining your business. A vendor
               | is not playing well with you, just go to another one?
        
               | lupka wrote:
               | The key factor is the timing. During the primary week
               | where this product generates income, Google completely
               | screwed me over with no warning and no answers about
               | what's going on. I am of course looking into
               | alternatives, but that takes time, and 3 days from now
               | it'll be too late.
        
               | carlosjobim wrote:
               | If you made your business become completely dependent on
               | a third party, you were already a failure and shouldn't
               | have a business. Being a successful businessman is not a
               | right. It's competition.
        
               | CPLX wrote:
               | The reason monopolies are illegal is precisely because
               | they force people to be completely dependent on a third
               | party.
               | 
               | Is a farmer "a failure who shouldn't have a business" if
               | some asshole buys up every single railroad, port, and
               | truck in the country he lives in?
        
               | carlosjobim wrote:
               | No, but if he makes himself for example completely
               | dependent on Monsanto, he shouldn't have a business,
               | because he's in practice an employee with all the
               | financial responsibilities of a business and none of the
               | benefits of having a business. And none of the benefits
               | of being an employee either.
               | 
               | If your business model is to make yourself completely
               | dependent on a single third party, then you shouldn't
               | have a business.
        
               | JohnMakin wrote:
               | Wow, all those fortune 500 companies whose infra entirely
               | relies on 3rd party cloud infrastructure really must be
               | in for a rude awakening. You should update them with your
               | cunning analysis and inform them they are failures.
        
               | efsavage wrote:
               | The tone here isn't great but parent is more correct than
               | not. This is why large companies don't use freebie
               | services. They vet companies and partners, sign
               | enterprise deals with support, SLAs, penalties,
               | insurance, even bonds in some cases. It costs more, and
               | it's hardly fun for most people, but it's all part of
               | mitigating those risks. And it's not just tech, you see
               | the same thing in non-tech industries like manufacturing.
        
               | JohnMakin wrote:
               | It really isn't. Most businesses export core business
               | functions to a third party in some way. This is just a
               | snotty navel gazing post without much content that was
               | responded to in kind.
               | 
               | It's completely reasonable to use adsense to generate
               | revenue and then be upset when they inevitably fuck you
               | (and they will). It's not a chance to make a (completely
               | uninformed) "ah, that's your own fault" comment,
               | deflecting from scumbag practices google engages in.
        
               | Hasu wrote:
               | I love it when my counterparty's breach of contract is my
               | fault because I foolishly trusted that they would do what
               | they said they would in exchange for my money.
               | 
               | I'm sure you also believe that she was asking for it
               | because she was wearing a short skirt and your dad was
               | right to hit you because you wouldn't shut up.
        
               | bigyabai wrote:
               | If you aren't prepared for the contingency where your
               | counterparty bails, then yes, strategically you are
               | failing to commoditize your product for the specific
               | market. I think that's the basis of competition and free
               | market economics.
        
               | azemetre wrote:
               | lol in what world is breaking paid user contracts and
               | flagrantly getting away with it democratic? What does
               | free market even mean in this context? That the big
               | trillion dollar corporation can bury you in legal fees or
               | remove your means of making money with no way to question
               | the decision to prove it was done in error?
               | 
               | This is insane. In no free society would this be just.
               | 
               | They need to rightfully be broken up to ensure a free
               | society for everyone, not just the cohort of people that
               | own alphabet stocks.
        
               | carlosjobim wrote:
               | Show me the contract where Google promises to bring web
               | traffic to your business.
        
               | afavour wrote:
               | Isn't one of the specific complaints about monopolies
               | that it leaves you with no choice but to be dependent on
               | the third party?
               | 
               | If Google blocks my access to the only viable ad network
               | do you really think it's reasonable to say I need to set
               | up my own ad exchange?
        
               | carlosjobim wrote:
               | Trillions of dollars are spent on advertising outside of
               | Google. You can advertise in print, billboards, radio and
               | television ads, Netflix, or on social media behemoths.
               | 
               | Hackers call every big business they do not like a
               | "monopoly". What's next, Burger King is a monopoly? I
               | dislike Google more than most and would never buy nor
               | sell ads with them, but they have no monopoly on
               | advertising.
        
               | afavour wrote:
               | I'm sorry, this perspective is absurd. I'm talking about
               | a web site that shows ads. You're suggesting they pivot
               | to running off billboards? To creating TV shows?
               | 
               | > What's next, Burger King is a monopoly?
               | 
               | I think this just illustrates that you're not grasping
               | the concept. Of course Burger King isn't a monopoly. With
               | my car when looking for a drive through dining experience
               | I can go to McDonalds. Or Wendy's. Or whatever. When
               | operating a small to medium size web site that depends on
               | advertising for revenue the viable alternatives to Google
               | essentially don't exist.
        
               | carlosjobim wrote:
               | Situation 1: You want to advertise your product or
               | service. There are endless options outside of Google,
               | including some options where the audience is counted in
               | the hundreds of millions.
               | 
               | Situation 2: You want to let others advertise their
               | products or service in your space. There is an endless
               | amount of companies which you can contact to make
               | advertising deals. If you are too lazy to do that and
               | want a third party to take care of it, then you can use
               | Google as a middle man. But they are not obliged to do
               | business with you.
               | 
               | If the justice wants to go after Google, then they could
               | (and should) prosecute Google (and Meta, and Twitter) for
               | all the scam and malware ads they permit through their
               | platform. That is billions of dollars of money
               | laundering, and the CEOs should be imprisoned for this.
               | For life.
        
             | fallingknife wrote:
             | Of course it's not democratic, but what business ever is?
             | There is no recognized right to access the advertising
             | market on terms that you like.
        
               | azemetre wrote:
               | Yes there is no right to access an advertising market for
               | Google, luckily the government agrees they are an illegal
               | monopoly. Hopefully the ramifications are massive and
               | company breaking.
        
               | fallingknife wrote:
               | If that happens this will do nothing for you. You will go
               | through some other company where you can't talk to a
               | human.
        
           | dlachausse wrote:
           | What other ad platforms do you recommend for monetizing
           | mobile apps?
           | 
           | Any that you've had good luck with? My research on this has
           | come up with no good options for non-game apps.
        
             | rom16384 wrote:
             | You could try AppLovin MAX, even if it's best for games.
        
               | dlachausse wrote:
               | Thanks! That looks like exactly what I'm looking for.
        
           | lupka wrote:
           | Do you have a recommendation of an alternative that I can
           | switch to easily and on short notice? The site I'm having
           | trouble with gets 95% of its traffic for the year this week
           | so I'm scrambling.
        
           | candiddevmike wrote:
           | Make it so you either sell ad space or offer a marketplace
           | for ad space sellers and advertisers. Don't allow a company
           | to do both and you conveniently catch most social media
           | players too...
        
         | aprilthird2021 wrote:
         | If you think antitrust has anything to do with why it isn't
         | profitable for a company at Google scale to pay a human being
         | for every one of the hundreds of millions of people who use
         | AdSense to have customer support...
        
           | DrillShopper wrote:
           | Are there hundreds of millions of AdSense customers though?
        
           | ezst wrote:
           | Of course it has everything to do with antitrust.
           | 
           | Imagine for a second that, instead of 1 Google, there are
           | tens of thousands of alternatives. Offering good customer
           | support becomes once again a competitive advantage. No sane
           | customer thinks "yep, I want no recourse at all in case of
           | problem so google's profit margins are bigger for the sake of
           | their stakeholders".
           | 
           | Moreover, the cost of doing customer support grows less than
           | linearly thanks to economies of scale, from which Google
           | benefits disproportionally, and here again Google chose
           | profits over quality at the expense of the consumer.
        
           | nemomarx wrote:
           | I feel like there's a scale in between "dedicated employee
           | for every customer" and "normal call center agents with some
           | tiers of support above them to help with issues" yeah?
        
           | 6510 wrote:
           | They have one of the best LLM's in the world. I got _5000
           | images rejected_. Now I can read about the requirements and
           | not figure out why. It gets truly hilarious where the images
           | are rejected by means of AI. It means they can produce 100%
           | accurate reasons right on the rejection page. Ill even pay
           | for it. I would also pay if it can correct the images. They
           | have plenty of good but complex services that LLMs could
           | deliver wonderful support for. Their LLM could also sell me
           | services I currently cant be bothered to look at. Eventually,
           | over the years the LLM can slowly be allowed to negotiate and
           | make decisions too.
        
           | LordShredda wrote:
           | A smaller ad company can afford to have customer support. If
           | there are tens or hundreds then each one can lose customers,
           | better than one massive company that doesn't care or can't
           | afford and would rather keep the money than pay for support.
        
         | robertlagrant wrote:
         | Just switch away from Adsense.
        
           | lupka wrote:
           | Do you have a recommendation of an alternative that I can
           | switch to easily and on short notice? The site I'm having
           | trouble with gets 95% of its traffic for the year this week
           | so I'm scrambling.
        
             | robertlagrant wrote:
             | Sorry I don't - I was purely prompting the idea that there
             | should be no anti-trust related issue that would stop you
             | switching.
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | A drop-in replacement for Adsense is a very good idea
               | though. I wonder if someone knows of one here.
        
             | vivzkestrel wrote:
             | tried carbon ads?
        
       | spacebanana7 wrote:
       | Google isn't a monopoly in the Standard Oil sense of the term.
       | Its ad revenue is big because it occupies so much user attention.
       | I actually think many suggested remedies would actually make
       | Google more profitable.
       | 
       | For example, prohibiting Apple-Style search deals would mean that
       | Google gets a smaller amount of traffic, but that traffic would
       | come with zero cost. That could end up being more profitable. A
       | similar argument applies to Chrome or any other customer
       | acquisition vehicle.
       | 
       | The real barriers to making Google competitive are fixable but
       | require a different sort of regulation outside of antitrust.
        
         | yoshicoder wrote:
         | I mean it wouldn't make sense for it to be more profitable for
         | google if there were no search deals, since otherwise they
         | would just cancel the deal themselves. Clearly they see long
         | term value in blocking out competition even at that high of a
         | price
        
           | spacebanana7 wrote:
           | Google can't cancel it right now because then otherwise Bing
           | would bid for it. Antitrust rules which prevented anyone from
           | bidding it would protect against this.
           | 
           | A historical parallel is when tobacco advertising was banned,
           | and cigarette companies because more profitable. Advertising
           | greatly affected which cigarettes people smoked but had a
           | smaller (though still real) impact on whether they smoked. So
           | the companies kept most of the revenue with none of the
           | advertising cost.
        
             | chii wrote:
             | > Antitrust rules which prevented anyone from bidding it
             | would protect against this.
             | 
             | why would anti-trust rules prevent _anyone_ from bidding?
             | Apple can sell their browser search, just like mozilla can
             | sell firefox search. And anyone with a browser could do the
             | same. Unless the anti-trust rules somehow become so
             | overarching that the selling of space for advertising
             | becomes illegal?
        
               | arrosenberg wrote:
               | I think it would be a good move to prevent browser deals.
               | There is no reality in which the winner is Firefox, Kagi
               | or DDG - it will always be Google or Bing. That's clearly
               | anticompetitive - it locks the other browsers out of a
               | major share of the market.
        
               | DrillShopper wrote:
               | If you're arguing we should split Chrome development from
               | Google then I'm 100% with you there.
        
               | arrosenberg wrote:
               | Sure, but I'm arguing Apple shouldn't be allowed to sell
               | "default browser" status on iOS. Show the customer a
               | randomized list and let them choose. Google will probably
               | still dominate, but it won't be because they paid to.
        
               | staunton wrote:
               | Google could argue (correctly?) that if split, Chrome
               | couldn't exist without browser deals?
        
               | DrillShopper wrote:
               | That's belied by the fact that Chromium exists, and I
               | speculate they spun up Chromium in case they were ordered
               | to break up.
               | 
               | The engine is also used in several other web browsers,
               | many of which do not have the clout to survive solely on
               | ads. Yet another reason Google claiming this is absurd.
        
               | spacebanana7 wrote:
               | You highlight some genuine points of difficulty for
               | antitrust enforcers.
               | 
               | If the rules were targeted at Google only then Google's
               | lawyers would argue this is unequal application of the
               | law. Even if the courts rejected Google's argument
               | there'd be a real risk end up with exactly the same
               | situation but with Bing in a couple of years time as they
               | become the default search on every device / browser.
               | 
               | If "pay for default" deals were banned altogether then
               | Firefox might be seriously hurt, which isn't exactly good
               | for the competitive tech ecosystem.
        
             | DrillShopper wrote:
             | The real reason that tobacco advertising ended on
             | television is the fairness doctrine.
             | 
             | After the FCC agreed that the fairness doctrine applied
             | here every station was required to run one PSA for every 10
             | tobacco ads. The industry, realizing that nobody would stop
             | advertising without being forced to, actually lobbied
             | Congress for the passage of the law banning it. One reason
             | total revenue went up was that stations were no longer
             | required to run anti-smoking PSAs.
        
           | elpool2 wrote:
           | It would make sense if Apple decided to still have Google be
           | their default, even without the payment. Not sure how likely
           | that is though.
        
           | blasphemers wrote:
           | It depends on the what the browsers end up doing. If they
           | just surface a select your search engine dialog during set
           | up, most people will just select google and nothing will have
           | changed besides the cost. If they set a non-google search
           | engine by default, they will lose ad revenue because of
           | people not bothering to change the default.
        
             | abirch wrote:
             | Depends on the default search engine. Many people went of
             | their way to download a web browser that wasn't Internet
             | Explorer for many years even though IE was the default.
             | 
             | If the default search were randomly assigned and Google
             | investors were nefarious the investors (not Alphabet) could
             | simply help launch 30 different subpar search engines. Then
             | if a user landed on one of those as a default search
             | engine: the user would switch to Google.
        
               | datadrivenangel wrote:
               | It would be great to separate the search index/engine
               | from the ads and allow other search portals to pay for
               | the index and choose how to monetize.
               | 
               | If google actually went about organizing the worlds
               | information, that would be wonderful.
        
         | nativeit wrote:
         | > Google isn't a monopoly in the Standard Oil sense of the
         | term.
         | 
         | Aren't they? It doesn't sound like those two interpretations
         | are mutually exclusive.
        
           | spacebanana7 wrote:
           | In the sense of the Sherman Act and similar legislation,
           | monopolies exist in the sense of having exclusive control
           | over some supply and raising prices against consumers.
           | 
           | This isn't what Google does, they generally lower prices for
           | consumers and the competition is only a click away.
        
             | dlachausse wrote:
             | What realistic alternatives are there in the mobile app ads
             | space that aren't geared towards games?
             | 
             | I'm genuinely curious because some apps can be hard to
             | monetize in any other way.
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | > In the sense of the Sherman Act [...]
             | 
             | > This isn't what Google does [...]
             | 
             | Odd, then, that this is the second case within a year where
             | Google has been found, in fact, to have violated the
             | Sherman Act. This suggests that your description of what
             | the Sherman Act means, or of what Google does (or both) are
             | wrong in significant ways.
        
             | no_wizard wrote:
             | The consumer harm standard is an outgrowth of the work of
             | Robert Bork, who was Solicitor General for Nixon and Ford,
             | respectively.
             | 
             | It was not established by legislation but rather as a
             | matter of conservative legal doctrine. Before Bork the
             | commonly held evaluation standard was based on the Rule Of
             | Reason.
             | 
             | The Sherman Antitrust Act didn't establish any guidelines
             | for how it was suppose to be interpreted (the whole thing
             | is only a few pages in length) and the Clayton Act only
             | expanded upon what actions could be considered as part of
             | an Anti trust case.
             | 
             | The consumer welfare standard has no basis in legislation,
             | only legal doctrine.
             | 
             | It's unfortunate we haven't codified anything more
             | concrete, as the consumer welfare standard has a number of
             | flaws, as admittedly did prior legal doctrine.
             | 
             | The Rule of Reason was more rigorous, though not flawless,
             | as far as market competition goes though, my view is it is
             | a better legal doctrine overall and could be updated to
             | better address todays and future concerns, particularly
             | with digital goods and technology.
        
               | alabastervlog wrote:
               | I judge this Chicago-school-pushed shift in antitrust
               | enforcement _so bad_ that I usually mark it out as the
               | first noteworthy step on our current thrust toward
               | authoritarianism.
               | 
               | The market consolidation we've seen since, and the
               | concentration of power, have been absolute poison for
               | both liberal democracy and the good aspects of
               | capitalism, so far as contributing to the common good.
        
             | arrosenberg wrote:
             | The consumer of the ad platform is the advertiser, not the
             | person clicking the ad. Major advertisers either play ball
             | with Google or their ads don't get seen in search. Doesn't
             | seem very different to Standard Oil controlling who got
             | access to refineries.
        
         | FuriouslyAdrift wrote:
         | 87% of Googles revenue in 2023 was advertising. $265 billion.
         | They hold more than 80% market dominance in all markets they
         | compete in.
         | 
         | https://www.statista.com/statistics/266249/advertising-reven...
        
           | spacebanana7 wrote:
           | Market share and market dominance are very sensitive to how
           | you define the market.
           | 
           | Facebook has >$100B ad revenue [1]. Does that compete with
           | Google? Reasonable people can probably disagree about exactly
           | how much so. From an advertisers perspective they compete for
           | the same marketing budget, but from a consumers point of view
           | they feel like different products.
           | 
           | Things get even more tricky when we compare YouTube to
           | TikTok, or Amazon search result ads to Google search ads.
           | 
           | https://www.statista.com/statistics/544001/facebooks-
           | adverti...
        
       | internetter wrote:
       | Kinda surprised. Google's core business is advertising. Some
       | vertically integrated aux services (like chrome) feel ripe for
       | antitrust, but I wasn't expecting ads themselves. What is Google
       | without ads?
        
         | bdcravens wrote:
         | ("Genius, Billionaire, Playboy, Philanthropist")
         | 
         | Everything else. Cloud provider, operating systems, browsers,
         | hosting business apps, phone licenser, Internet provider, smart
         | home manufacturer, and various moonshots. Their ad company is a
         | monopoly because of those other services.
         | 
         | Google as an ad company that can't leverage those other lines
         | of business to gain an advantage over other ad companies still
         | has a viable ad business. They can compete on the basis of that
         | lone company's strengths.
         | 
         | ("If you're nothing without this suit, then you shouldn't have
         | it")
        
           | internetter wrote:
           | Thanks, I like the last quote. But I'm curious... Would it be
           | preferable to have Google owning all of these services you
           | listed--just not the ad company they depend on, or the
           | inverse--all the companies are spun out?
           | 
           | I see your point, but also, if Google continued to own all
           | these other things, it would still be a terrifyingly large
           | spread, no?
        
             | bdcravens wrote:
             | Large companies, even monopolies, aren't the problem.
             | Unfair leverage to suppress competition is. Those products
             | without the subsidizing revenue of ads, and ads without the
             | information flows of those products, is the goal.
             | 
             | Who gets what part of the company is the wrong question to
             | ask. The org chart would get split along those business
             | units. In all likelihood, the company called "Google" would
             | be the software side, since that's where search lives.
        
               | lanstin wrote:
               | They are a problem in terms of an efficient free market;
               | they make the information flow asymmetrically biased in
               | their favor, and cause higher prices and implicit
               | collusion. That is true even without any intent to harm.
        
               | bdcravens wrote:
               | Sure, but generally speaking that's an orthogonal to the
               | issue of antitrust. The same could be same of many of the
               | typical "big tech" players, or even some of the YC
               | "winners".
        
           | PaulHoule wrote:
           | Google can afford to lose money on many of those things
           | because of the ad monopoly. (How much is Android worth in
           | that it keeps Apple out of antitrust trouble with iOS? What
           | quid pro quo does that enable?)
        
         | tiltowait wrote:
         | Being a monopoly, in itself, isn't illegal. The question is
         | whether the company maintains its monopoly through illegal
         | tactics or leverages that monopoly in illegal manners.
         | 
         | (NYT really ought to add "illegal" to their title.)
        
           | dang wrote:
           | The HTML doc title has that wording, so we've swapped out the
           | article title for that. Thanks!
        
         | ndiddy wrote:
         | The original Google research paper by Brin and Page explicitly
         | points out that a search engine financed by advertising is
         | inherently anti-consumer:
         | 
         | > Currently, the predominant business model for commercial
         | search engines is advertising. The goals of the advertising
         | business model do not always correspond to providing quality
         | search to users. For example, in our prototype search engine
         | one of the top results for cellular phone is "The Effect of
         | Cellular Phone Use Upon Driver Attention", a study which
         | explains in great detail the distractions and risk associated
         | with conversing on a cell phone while driving. This search
         | result came up first because of its high importance as judged
         | by the PageRank algorithm, an approximation of citation
         | importance on the web [Page, 98]. It is clear that a search
         | engine which was taking money for showing cellular phone ads
         | would have difficulty justifying the page that our system
         | returned to its paying advertisers. For this type of reason and
         | historical experience with other media [Bagdikian 83], we
         | expect that advertising funded search engines will be
         | inherently biased towards the advertisers and away from the
         | needs of the consumers.
         | 
         | > Since it is very difficult even for experts to evaluate
         | search engines, search engine bias is particularly insidious. A
         | good example was OpenText, which was reported to be selling
         | companies the right to be listed at the top of the search
         | results for particular queries [Marchiori 97]. This type of
         | bias is much more insidious than advertising, because it is not
         | clear who "deserves" to be there, and who is willing to pay
         | money to be listed. This business model resulted in an uproar,
         | and OpenText has ceased to be a viable search engine. But less
         | blatant bias are likely to be tolerated by the market. For
         | example, a search engine could add a small factor to search
         | results from "friendly" companies, and subtract a factor from
         | results from competitors. This type of bias is very difficult
         | to detect but could still have a significant effect on the
         | market. Furthermore, advertising income often provides an
         | incentive to provide poor quality search results. For example,
         | we noticed a major search engine would not return a large
         | airline's homepage when the airline's name was given as a
         | query. It so happened that the airline had placed an expensive
         | ad, linked to the query that was its name. A better search
         | engine would not have required this ad, and possibly resulted
         | in the loss of the revenue from the airline to the search
         | engine. In general, it could be argued from the consumer point
         | of view that the better the search engine is, the fewer
         | advertisements will be needed for the consumer to find what
         | they want. This of course erodes the advertising supported
         | business model of the existing search engines. However, there
         | will always be money from advertisers who want a customer to
         | switch products, or have something that is genuinely new. But
         | we believe the issue of advertising causes enough mixed
         | incentives that it is crucial to have a competitive search
         | engine that is transparent and in the academic realm.
         | 
         | Kind of funny how they basically predicted Google's degradation
         | years in advance.
        
           | Henchman21 wrote:
           | They were really smart guys. But smart guys don't stand a
           | chance in the face of _all that money_ because it attracts
           | people who _know how to manipulate and control smart people_.
           | Smart people think they're at the top of the totem pole. But
           | really its _those without ethics_ who sit at the top in our
           | society.
           | 
           | This is a conundrum humanity must address if we're to survive
           | over the long term, IMO.
        
             | lanstin wrote:
             | A powerful argument against excessively large corporations.
             | When the companies are competing fiercely, the amoral folks
             | can't game the system.
        
             | foobarian wrote:
             | > This is a conundrum humanity must address if we're to
             | survive over the long term, IMO.
             | 
             | Who's to say that this is not actually an evolutionary
             | adaptation that allows the more ruthlessly led tribes to
             | dominate their enemies? The stat about 1/25 of individuals
             | being sociopaths is very telling
        
               | Henchman21 wrote:
               | Each and every one of us has the ability to _choose to be
               | better_. That so many just "go along with whatever" is
               | why I personally think we're unlikely to survive over the
               | long term, unless a more enlightened species leads us by
               | the hand.
        
               | pyfon wrote:
               | Can we get to human or better intelligence through
               | evolution without tribal behaviours?
        
               | moshegramovsky wrote:
               | Even if you're correct, is that the world you want? (And
               | to be clear, I'm not saying it's the world you want.)
               | 
               | DNA isn't destiny.
        
             | moshegramovsky wrote:
             | This is seriously one of the best things I've ever read
             | here. Extremely well said.
        
               | Henchman21 wrote:
               | Your kind words are appreciated, thank you.
        
               | pyfon wrote:
               | Not only that, username checks out!
        
             | dboreham wrote:
             | Psychopathopoly.
        
               | jackcosgrove wrote:
               | If there isn't a Voight-Kampff test for this there needs
               | to be.
        
             | imiric wrote:
             | You're implying that smart people are somehow inherently
             | ethical, but were manipulated by unethical (and less
             | smart?) people. Whereas some of the least ethical people in
             | history were also very smart. Intelligence is practically a
             | requirement for truly abhorrent behavior.
             | 
             | Greed is humanity's greatest weakness. When faced with the
             | opportunity of unimaginable wealth, most people would
             | sacrifice their ethics and morals, assuming they had any to
             | begin with.
        
         | nashashmi wrote:
         | Google is playing all sides of the dice. They used adsense to
         | enlist publishers. They used adwords to get marketers. They
         | used an ad buying and selling platform to corner the entire ad
         | line.
         | 
         | Google bought Doubleclick for $3 Billion. Today it is worth $22
         | Billion. When Google got into ad-tech, they drifted away from
         | their core market: users. And started to endorse the other side
         | that turned users into products.
        
           | hnfong wrote:
           | IIRC, before Google got into ad-tech, they didn't have a
           | business model. Not sure whether "core market: users" make
           | sense in this context.
        
             | nashashmi wrote:
             | Their business model was search advertising. And they
             | created many product products from that revenue. They tried
             | to monetize the other products which is why they got into
             | ad tech .
        
           | turtletontine wrote:
           | You've nailed the first two stages of enshittification in
           | your story there. Stage 1: bring in users with a genuinely
           | good product they like! Stage 2: once users are locked in,
           | prioritize your business customers (in this case,
           | advertisers) and make things continually worse for your
           | users.
           | 
           | But stage 3 is just as crucial: once the advertisers are
           | locked in, make things worse for THEM just for your benefit.
           | That's how google makes such obscene margins on adverting.
           | Publishers and advertisers would love an alternative - but
           | google has done an excellent job of preventing that through
           | unlawful monopolization tactics. Hence thus case, and why
           | it's so important.
        
       | charcircuit wrote:
       | The market is being unfairly defined based on how things worked
       | decades ago instead of looking at the modern landscape. Tech
       | evolved rapidly and the way things worked decades ago may not be
       | optimal for the end user as things change.
        
         | seydor wrote:
         | > how things worked decades ago
         | 
         | you mean, before monopolies?
        
           | charcircuit wrote:
           | Everything is a monopoly if you limit the market enough.
        
             | bdcravens wrote:
             | Monopolies in and of themselves aren't a problem, and
             | aren't illegal. Unfair leverage to prevent competition is.
        
               | charcircuit wrote:
               | The existence of competition doesn't always make things
               | better. For example forcing middlemen to exist so that
               | there is competition can lead to a worse situation than
               | without middlemen. Direct to consumer is unfair leverage
               | to middlemen, but it can be better for consumers.
        
               | CPLX wrote:
               | This is not correct and a common misconception, on both
               | sides of the argument.
               | 
               | Both monopolies and monopolistic actions are illegal,
               | each alone is enough to be in violation of the law.
        
         | bdcravens wrote:
         | You're right, but probably not in the way you think.
         | 
         | This probably calls for even stronger consumer protections,
         | since the natural limit of human scalability created something
         | of a limitation as to how large and dominant a company could
         | be.
        
       | aprilthird2021 wrote:
       | If the Meta case goes this way too, the ripple effects could be
       | huge. Might affect the bay area, startup scene and a lot of
       | others in ways we can't even grasp yet. All we can do is wait and
       | see..
        
       | TechDebtDevin wrote:
       | Pretty crazy how this case gets the full support of thr DOJ,
       | along with actions against Harvard, Colombia ect. I dont mind
       | Google being broken up, but how am i supposed to respect the law
       | when the same DOJ lets out ponzi schemers and bond villians
       | because they donated 500k to a Trump friendly super pac.
       | 
       | If im Google or anoother tech company im going to be Divesting
       | from the United States as much as possible.
        
         | Extropy_ wrote:
         | Who are these people that are let out (of jail? prison?)
         | because they donated to a super PAC? Not arguing, just curious
        
       | megaman821 wrote:
       | I don't think this article explains it well. Google sells ad
       | space on behalf of the publishers and also sells the ads on
       | behalf of the advertisers. It also runs the auction that places
       | the ads into the ad space. See this graphic
       | https://images.app.goo.gl/ADx5xrAnWNicgoFu7. Parts of this can
       | definately be broken up without destroying Google.
        
         | coliveira wrote:
         | Google can extract as much money as they want from this
         | equation, up to the limit of available capital for advertising.
         | They just need to squeeze more from publishers and at the same
         | time increase click costs. They have been doing both of these
         | for several years.
        
           | riku_iki wrote:
           | > They just need to squeeze more from publishers and at the
           | same time increase click costs.
           | 
           | but publishers receive stable share of click cost (67%?), so
           | they should be happy with this arrangement.
        
             | stasomatic wrote:
             | That's assuming a click happened. Premium pubs prefer
             | guaranteed fixed CPMs no matter the amount of real clicks.
             | I've worked for a few years at one of the major native ad
             | companies, I'm very familiar with how the sausage is made.
        
               | riku_iki wrote:
               | In both scenarios publishers look good:
               | 
               | 1. CPC: google has strong incentive to generate clicks,
               | because that's where they get revenue: advertisers are
               | charged per click.
               | 
               | 2. CPM: publishers get their guaranteed CPM if that's
               | their choice.
        
         | whatever1 wrote:
         | At the very least the exchange has to be audited. Currently we
         | have no idea whether the prices are a result of natural supply-
         | demand dynamics or whether the exchange keeps artificially
         | pumping the prices with lackluster demand
        
           | fidotron wrote:
           | Or design errors in the algorithms doing the bidding!
           | 
           | There's serious nerd sniping potential in asking how best to
           | construct an automatic bidder, especially with the speed and
           | scale requirements in place. It's an incredibly deep problem,
           | and I don't believe there is a single right answer.
        
             | shkkmo wrote:
             | > There's serious nerd sniping potential in asking how best
             | to construct an automatic bidder, especially with the speed
             | and scale requirements in place. It's an incredibly deep
             | problem, and I don't believe there is a single right
             | answer.
             | 
             | The problem is that it is unwise to trust an bidding
             | algorithm designer whose incentives are aligned against
             | yours. Google benefits from higher winning bids.
        
               | scarmig wrote:
               | Key point is that it's a system that you shouldn't trust,
               | not any individual algorithm designer or implementer.
               | Bugs that cost Google money will be found and fixed
               | really quickly; bugs that make Google money will linger
               | and go unnoticed.
        
               | fidotron wrote:
               | Exactly.
               | 
               | In the ad tech space the only winners are the people
               | building and operating the adtech; everyone else is a
               | sucker.
               | 
               | The only truly novel version of it which I have seen
               | emerged from the Turkish hypercasual games space, where
               | they managed to construct a giant audience everyone else
               | thought was worthless, funnel them into their games, and
               | then use the attention in the games to sell access to
               | this apparently worthless audience.
               | 
               | Of course the audience actually were worthless, because
               | all they were really interested in was new free
               | hypercasual games, so the real suckers here were other
               | devs that paid to access this audience but didn't have
               | the adtech chops to make the most of it before the
               | players moved on, and they funded their competition in
               | the process.
        
               | secondcoming wrote:
               | Well yes, a higher winning bid will win the auction,
               | unless it's a Private Marketplace auction.
        
               | fidotron wrote:
               | Isn't the point that some bidders will not know which it
               | is when they make the bid?
               | 
               | RTB bid requests have support for the normal auction
               | based bids but also indicating possible private
               | marketplaces which may come into play depending on the
               | exchange and seller, meaning that the highest bidder will
               | have indicated to the world their price, but not won the
               | auction, so they may (erroneously) conclude next time to
               | try bidding higher, leading to price distortions.
               | 
               | I suspect a large proportion of advertisers still believe
               | the whole thing is a nice transparent fair auction
               | process, and have no idea of how convoluted it has
               | become.
        
               | secondcoming wrote:
               | They do know if the bid is part of a PMP. They can still
               | place an Open Market bid if allowed but they should
               | reduce their expectation of winning that auction, even if
               | they're the highest bidder not because of skullduggery
               | but because the publisher has a prior arrangement with a
               | DSP or advertiser.
               | 
               | Valuing a bid is a complex and interesting task. Ever
               | since Second Price auctions started dying out DSPs should
               | have moved to essentially algorithmic trading. A price
               | calculation depends on tens if not hundreds of factors
               | that are evaluted on a per auction basis.
               | 
               | Advertisers have been demanding more transparency into
               | where their money is going for quite some time now. If
               | you're an advertiser and your DSP isn't giving you
               | detailed reporting into the fees they're being charged
               | then it's time to move DSP.
        
         | jt2190 wrote:
         | Yeah I'm listening to a legal analyst on Bloomberg radio and
         | there's a _lot_ of detail that's getting lost under the
         | headline. It's not yet even clear yet that Google would need to
         | divest from _anything_ in order to address this.
         | 
         | Bloomberg Radio April 17 2025:
         | https://www.youtube.com/live/iEpJwprxDdk?si=9WaFIJENUwyIJvpk
        
         | fidotron wrote:
         | In fairness to Google on this (and I cannot believe I just
         | wrote that) it's common practice to be on both sides like this,
         | and even to have some external exchange in the middle that you
         | have a deal with just so you can claim it's obviously fair.
         | 
         | That entire industry is a horrifying shitshow of sociopathy, at
         | the expense of absolutely everyone else, both viewers (supply
         | side) and advertisers (demand side).
        
           | porridgeraisin wrote:
           | On the plus side, it would be nice to make an example of
           | Google and deal a blow to ad tech in general. At this point
           | even putting to sleep the entire google(or any other ad tech
           | company of your choosing) Board is acceptable if it means ad
           | tech shuts down.
        
         | riku_iki wrote:
         | > Parts of this can definately be broken up without destroying
         | Google.
         | 
         | its about Display Ads business, which is 10% of Google revenue
         | as per article. So, everything there can be broken up without
         | destroying Google.
        
         | pydry wrote:
         | The question is more "would you expect google to reoffend given
         | the chance again?"
         | 
         | Not "is it strictly necessary for them to be broken up to
         | prevent them from reoffending"?
         | 
         | 100% I would expect them to reoffend. No question whatsoever.
        
         | shostack wrote:
         | There's a lot of unknowns at this point, but here's an industry
         | piece for a more informed perspective on it.
         | 
         | https://www.adexchanger.com/platforms/google-is-found-guilty...
        
         | hammock wrote:
         | And crucially, there are leaked emails, other evidence that
         | demonstrate (at the very least historical and occasional)
         | corruption of this dual- (multi?) agency arrangement. Among the
         | allegations:
         | 
         | The Google ad exchange favored its own platforms, limiting the
         | ability of other exchanges to compete fairly in bidding for ad
         | inventory. https://www.justice.gov/archives/opa/pr/justice-
         | department-s...
         | 
         | In limiting the number of bidders, Google inflated the prices
         | for ad inventory.
         | https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-11-26/closing-arguments-giv...
         | 
         | Google engaged in bid rigging where competitors agree on who
         | will win a bid, again to inflate prices.
         | https://www.justice.gov/atr/preventing-and-detecting-bid-rig...
         | 
         | Google entered market allocation agreements to create an unfair
         | playing field. https://www.winston.com/en/insights-
         | news/avoiding-antitrust-...
        
           | andreimackenzie wrote:
           | > In limiting the number of bidders, Google inflated the
           | prices for ad inventory.
           | 
           | This part doesn't make sense to me. Limiting bidders should
           | drive the price down, because fewer advertisers are competing
           | for the same potential ad impression. The article describes
           | Google's influence as "Google controls the auction-style
           | system," which is a bit more open-ended about the specific
           | alleged practices.
        
             | InsomniacL wrote:
             | > It was argued that this approach allows Google to charge
             | higher prices to advertisers while sending less revenue to
             | publishers such as news websites.
             | 
             | It could depend on how they 'limit the number of bidders'.
             | If they sell seats to be able to bid, then the bids are
             | lower to account for that, and publishers get a share of
             | the bid, not the fee bidders pay. I'm guessing though...
        
               | jvanderbot wrote:
               | You could limit to one mark and a bunch of planted
               | bidders in an attempt to control competition. If you win
               | with your plants, you get to pay yourself anyway.
        
           | fn-mote wrote:
           | I'm willing to believe there's an issue with Google's ad
           | sales, but this comment doesn't have the specifics I'm
           | interested in - in spite of all of the citations.
           | 
           | > In limiting the number of bidders, Google inflated the
           | prices for ad inventory.
           | https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-11-26/closing-arguments-
           | giv...
           | 
           | I had a hard time finding any specifics in that article. It's
           | about closing arguments and does not even mention the number
           | of bidders.
           | 
           | The DOJ press release [1] would be a better citation.
           | 
           | > Google engaged in bid rigging where competitors agree on
           | who will win a bid, again to inflate prices.
           | https://www.justice.gov/atr/preventing-and-detecting-bid-
           | rig...
           | 
           | Note that this link is just to the _definition_ of bid
           | rigging, not an accusation against google.
           | 
           | > Google entered market allocation agreements to create an
           | unfair playing field. https://www.winston.com/en/insights-
           | news/avoiding-antitrust-...
           | 
           | This is an article "Avoiding Antitrust Issues In Search Term
           | Ad Agreements".
           | 
           | [1]: https://www.justice.gov/archives/opa/press-
           | release/file/1563...
        
             | zombiwoof wrote:
             | Wasn't part of the Double Click acquisition some sort of
             | guarantee this exact situation wouldn't happen?
        
           | thaumasiotes wrote:
           | > In limiting the number of bidders, Google inflated the
           | prices for ad inventory.
           | https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-11-26/closing-arguments-
           | giv...
           | 
           | Note that this link says absolutely nothing to support the
           | sentence before it. Which isn't a surprise given that
           | limiting the number of bidders could hardly drive the prices
           | those bidders are paying _up_. But the issue isn 't even
           | mentioned.
        
         | crowcroft wrote:
         | When a media buyer puts $1.00 in on one side of the system, on
         | average only $0.60 makes it to the publisher. In some cases
         | less than $0.50 gets to them.
         | 
         | Advertising is an intentionally complex system so that
         | companies can clip the ticket at multiple stages throughout the
         | process. Google should be broken up, but the whole ad tech
         | system needs to go into the bin if these problems are going to
         | ever get fixed.
         | 
         | https://www.forbes.com/sites/augustinefou/2021/02/15/how-muc...
        
           | shortrounddev2 wrote:
           | The (Open)RTB system makes things more competitive and
           | reduces costs for advertisers by making unsold inventory
           | available to an automated marketplace while also increasing
           | revenue for smaller publishers who otherwise wouldn't have
           | been able to create first party relationships with
           | advertisers. The middlemen are various identity providers and
           | other tracking/data enrichment services, as well as third
           | party exchanges, DSPs and SSPs. Believe it or not this system
           | makes it a lot cheaper than just having someone buy ad space
           | directly on a website
           | 
           | > Three industry studies showed less than 50 cents of every
           | dollar goes to showing ads.
           | 
           | Every penny of what is spent goes to showing ads, by
           | definition. However, that doesn't mean that every penny goes
           | to _the publisher_. The advertiser may look at the 60 cents
           | being spent on everybody between them and the publisher and
           | say  "hey, I'm getting ripped off! I could be paying 4
           | cents/CPM instead of 10 cents/CPM!" but each middleman
           | (usually) adds some kind of value to increase acquisition
           | rate. For example:
           | 
           | * Identity providers who have lists of user IDs that belong
           | to "high CTR" audiences (users more likely to click ads)
           | 
           | * Geo providers who tell the bidders where the User's
           | location is so that they can target locally-focused
           | advertisements to them
           | 
           | * User intent plugins, "abandoned cart" retargeting, product
           | recommendation providers, etc. who look at user interaction
           | events and build profiles of people who can be retargeted
           | 
           | * Exchanges which conduct auctions across multiple DSPs to
           | get a better price for publishers while also making more
           | inventory available to advertisers
           | 
           | At one company I worked for, we allocated impressions ahead
           | of time. Based on prior years' data and viewer ratings of TV
           | shows, we could _predict the future_ , determining how many
           | viewers a video or TV show would get, and then selling the
           | advertising inventory based on that prediction. That shit
           | ain't free!
           | 
           | All of these things are designed to increase your acquisition
           | rate from x% to y%, where x > y. Sure, you could just pay
           | $5,000 a month to a website to show a banner ad directly, but
           | a larger % of your money would be wasted on users who are
           | utterly uninterested in your banner.
        
             | crowcroft wrote:
             | > each middleman (usually) adds some kind of value
             | 
             | This is the argument that gets made, but very rarely is it
             | true.
             | 
             | From Neumann et al in 2019 [1]
             | 
             | "When investigating gender (being male) and age (three
             | different tiers: 18-24, 25-34 and 35-44 years)
             | individually, we find that digital audiences for gender are
             | on average less often correct than random guessing
             | (accuracy of 42.3%)."
             | 
             | If the accuracy of targeting is worse than random guessing
             | on average then it's value is less $0.00. Advertisers would
             | reach more of their target audience by simply buying more
             | media instead of spending money on 'targeting' even after
             | you discount wastage to $0.00 in 'value'.
             | 
             | I agree with everything you're saying about programmatic
             | *in theory*, but I would argue that in practice the whole
             | system is just broken.
             | 
             | [1]
             | https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3203131
        
               | PaulHoule wrote:
               | I have tried to sell ads and never been able to fill all
               | my inventory and often the rates are poor and the ads
               | brand destroying. If you are _The New York Times_ it is
               | different but a site that makes $1000  /mo in ads can't
               | afford an ads salesperson and in the big scheme of things
               | that is royalty.
        
               | shortrounddev2 wrote:
               | Have you tried prebid? It lets you send your bid requests
               | to as many exchanges as you want so you can advertise
               | your inventory to as many DSPs as possible
        
               | PaulHoule wrote:
               | When I talk about "sell" I mean sell directly with a
               | human touch. Like the way a newspaper or a network of
               | radio stations has actual salespeople that sell ads.
        
             | tmtvl wrote:
             | > _* Identity providers who have lists of user IDs that
             | belong to "high CTR" audiences (users more likely to click
             | ads)_
             | 
             | > _* Geo providers who tell the bidders where the User 's
             | location is so that they can target locally-focused
             | advertisements to them_
             | 
             | > _* User intent plugins, "abandoned cart" retargeting,
             | product recommendation providers, etc. who look at user
             | interaction events and build profiles of people who can be
             | retargeted_
             | 
             | That's _horrible_! In a better world such practices would
             | be made illegal and those involved would be hung, drawn,
             | and quartered.
        
               | tlb wrote:
               | Geotargeting of ads is essential for local businesses.
               | Banning it would make advertising only practical for
               | national brands. It would be bad for the world if only
               | national brands could advertise.
        
               | prepend wrote:
               | I live in a unique town name in the US, pretend it's
               | "Foo."
               | 
               | I tried to buy ads for "Foo photography" as people in my
               | town literally type that in. And my budget wasn't enough
               | to buy all instances of that search.
               | 
               | I didn't need geotargeting for my local business.
               | 
               | Comically google kept trying to geotarget. Every time it
               | did this I would get people all over the place who
               | searched "photography" and a large percentage was burned.
               | I kept trying to turn off geotargeting.
        
               | cornel_io wrote:
               | None of that seems at all user-hostile to me, it's
               | literally all aimed at making sure what the user is shown
               | is more likely to actually be useful to them.
               | 
               | I guess this is a big and probably unbridgeable divide,
               | some people think this sort of thing is obviously evil
               | and others, like me, actually prefer it very strongly
               | over a world where all advertising is untargeted but
               | there is massively more of it because it's so much less
               | valuable...
        
               | porridgeraisin wrote:
               | I'm on the other side of the divide from you.
               | 
               | However, mine and many other folks' position is not
               | preferring untargeted intrusive annoying ads over
               | targeted intrusive annoying ads. It's preferring almost
               | zero ads with maybe the rare, non intrusive easily
               | avoidable ad on certain appropriate websites[1]. That is
               | why we aggressively use ad blockers and go to great
               | lengths to avoid the status quo.
               | 
               | [1] a shopping website having a _single_ banner on the
               | home page announcing an ongoing sale for HP laptops is
               | OK. However, if I search for lenovo laptops and I see a
               | HP laptop as the first "sponsored" result....(Looking at
               | you amazon).
               | 
               | And about tracking, I absolutely don't want my librarian
               | running to my travel agent telling him I recently looked
               | up france travel guides. The digital equivalent of this
               | happens daily to everybody. It's simply a no-no for me,
               | there can never be a justification for it.
               | 
               | The fact is that if you ban these two classes of
               | practices, the whole of ad tech comes crashing down. I
               | hope everyday for this to happen.
        
               | LunaSea wrote:
               | > That is why we aggressively use ad blockers and go to
               | great lengths to avoid the status quo.
               | 
               | And so you're paying for the content you're reading as
               | well?
        
               | sidewndr46 wrote:
               | "useful to them" - do I really need to know how much one
               | day dental implants cost in 2025?
        
               | dboreham wrote:
               | They do them in one day now?
        
               | sidewndr46 wrote:
               | According to all these ads I keep seeing, yes.
        
           | aiauthoritydev wrote:
           | As someone who has worked in AdTech I would respectfully
           | disagree. It is indeed complex but it is incredibly
           | efficient. Also it is irrelevant of whether publisher earns
           | 75% or 30% of the total revenue. What matters is how much
           | they are earning compared to the next best alternative.
           | 
           | Some companies like Google are incredible at this. Google is
           | not a "monopoly" in this space. In fact the world has far too
           | many Google equivalents but absolutely no one comes close to
           | Google in generating top dollars for publishers. I am saying
           | this after working for 10+ years competing against Google.
        
             | xmprt wrote:
             | Perhaps Google does well for their publishers but do they
             | do well for advertisers? Inherently it seems like it's
             | impossible to do both because what's good for one group is
             | bad for another. Fortunately with healthy competition we
             | solve this problem since alternatives could be used.
             | 
             | But since Google is playing both sides and has so much sway
             | over the market, they're able to manipulate things. Even if
             | they're not manipulating things to their benefit, it's
             | still not great to have a single party have so much
             | control.
        
               | PaulHoule wrote:
               | It's a two-sided market and it doesn't have to be
               | either/or. Google has a wide range of advertisers so it
               | can find one that converts on your site and it has a wide
               | range of sites so it can find ones that work for a given
               | advertisers. Also Google has a large database and user
               | inventory for personalization so it can find ads that
               | convert on your site even if your site wouldn't attract
               | ads otherwise. the personalization economy has all sorts
               | of ads and might be brand destroying in the case of
               | retargeting but you see that crap everywhere whereas many
               | Google alternatives run brand-destroying ads and pay you
               | $0.00 after rounding.
        
               | mattmcknight wrote:
               | > Inherently it seems like it's impossible to do both
               | 
               | but that is the value of a marketplace, aligning buyers
               | and sellers via the price mechanism
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | Isn't this decision about Google abusing their
               | marketplace (as all marketplace owners will inevitably
               | do), by pushing their own stuff?
               | 
               | Every setup where someone makes the platform and sells
               | stuff built on top of it is inherently abusive. You just
               | don't know when the abuse will come and against whom.
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | > Perhaps Google does well for their publishers but do
               | they do well for advertisers? Inherently it seems like
               | it's impossible to do both because what's good for one
               | group is bad for another.
               | 
               | There's certainly _some_ tension between advertisers and
               | publishers, in that advertiser would like to pay less and
               | publishers would like to be paid more; but there 's a lot
               | of things an ad exchange can do that are good for both.
               | Selecting ads to display that result in meaningful
               | downstream conversion is good for both advertisers and
               | publishers, because they'll both get paid and maybe
               | something about the user getting something they want too.
               | 
               | Showing inappropriate and ineffective ads isn't great for
               | the advertiser, and it might make the publisher money in
               | the near term, but it can drive users away and tends not
               | to be sustainable --- advertisers stop advertising in
               | venues where they don't get results.
               | 
               | The value of a _good_ ad exchange for the publisher and
               | the advertiser is when it provides reasonable matching at
               | a lower cost than the parties arranging advertising
               | directly. Possibly some amount of assurances for both
               | sides too --- the exchange should ensure the advertising
               | code and destinations aren 't going to compromise the
               | publisher or their user and should ensure that the ads
               | paid for are actually seen (to the degree possible).
               | There's room for the exchange to profit from scale while
               | still being lower cost than self-managed advertising.
        
             | CPLX wrote:
             | > it is irrelevant of whether publisher earns 75% or 30% of
             | the total revenue
             | 
             | Of course it matters if a middleman is skimming off 70% of
             | the revenue in a given market.
             | 
             | > it is incredibly efficient
             | 
             | On what planet is a loss of 70% of the resources to the
             | matching process between buyers and sellers "incredibly
             | efficient"?
             | 
             | > What matters is how much they are earning compared to the
             | next best alternative.
             | 
             | Right, which is why _it is illegal to prevent there from
             | being a next best alternative_ via anti-competitive
             | practices which is precisely was was proven in this trial
             | after a detailed examination of the evidence.
        
               | hamp95 wrote:
               | > On what planet is a loss of 70% of the resources to the
               | matching process between buyers and sellers "incredibly
               | efficient"?
               | 
               | One where the market maker is taking up the cost of
               | providing a market. E.g. Steam takes a 30% cut for
               | providing the infrastructure required to distribute
               | games. Some people/companies can do it for less but it is
               | the best option for a majority of sellers.
               | 
               | If the market maker did not the seller would get more
               | revenue but would also eat the cost directly instead of
               | paying someone else to do it.
        
               | crowcroft wrote:
               | Are you saying that serving ads costs more than running a
               | news site?
               | 
               | This also neglects the fact that the programmatic market
               | routes billions of dollars intended to be spent on real
               | media (ad placements on real news websites etc), to
               | fraudulent mobile apps and websites and bot traffic.
        
               | iamacyborg wrote:
               | 30% is a long way away from 70% and Steam are providing
               | substantially more of a service for that cut.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | > One where the market maker is taking up the cost of
               | providing a market
               | 
               | Does a landlord on a literal physical market take 30% of
               | revenue? I find that unlikely.
               | 
               | How did we arrive here, where supposedly 'efficient'
               | digital marketplace is a form of rent higher than
               | actually building physical rent, and expenses on wages
               | and materials for a typical business?
        
               | porridgeraisin wrote:
               | Unfortunately a lot of economic activity in general today
               | is just money-on-money financialism. It is all just
               | gambling and rent seeking and dishonesty. These practices
               | are whitewashed and given various names. The one for
               | rent-seeking is "market making".
               | 
               | Ad platforms too are fundamentally about letting someone
               | perceive ROI lesser than their real ROI, for your own
               | benefit. For me, it falls under the same category as all
               | of the above - zero productivity endeavours.
               | 
               | Maybe we should go back to the previous millenium and
               | make usury illegal. Should fix all of these problems,
               | albeit in a nuclear fashion.
        
               | mathteddybear wrote:
               | It is 'incredibly efficient' because it is incredibly
               | good at predicting clicks, conversions, or even
               | conversion values. Which in turn makes it efficient.
               | Sure, there is something called "auction" there, but
               | Sothesby's or Tattersalls generally don't have buyers
               | bidding based on what some machine-learning prediction AI
               | computed in a jiffy (or maybe they do these days, who
               | knows).
        
               | adrr wrote:
               | There are three parties. Media Buyers, publishers and
               | users. As a publisher, you can go with "dumb" platforms
               | that don't deliver quality users to media buyers because
               | of relevancy, you'll make less money m. Apple ad platform
               | is 40/60 split but for media buyers, it's not efficient
               | so we spend less money on it. Assume publishers make less
               | money with it as well.
               | 
               | We seen dumb platforms with linear tv. Go watch any TV
               | with an antenna.
        
             | ksec wrote:
             | Thankfully HN is finally at a stage people can come out and
             | talk about Ad tech without being harassed or attacked.
             | 
             | Could you explain more on this. What do you think makes
             | Google Ad or DoubleClick so special? And
             | 
             | >What matters is how much they are earning compared to the
             | next best alternative.
             | 
             | Correct me if I am wrong, you are suggesting even if
             | publisher only earns 30% of the revenue they still earn
             | more than on other alternative platform?
        
               | adrr wrote:
               | I am on the purchasing side. Google is very efficient
               | when delivering traffic especially their Max Performance
               | product. Probably the cheapest of all platforms. So they
               | are serving relevant ads to users who engage with the
               | ads. This is win for me and I assume also a win for
               | publishers who get revenue due to higher engagement.
               | 
               | Also users should benefit because they are getting
               | relevant ads. Linear tv is notorious for non relevant ads
               | like all the drug ads for conditions you don't have. If
               | you're forced to see ads, wouldn't you want ads that are
               | relevant?
        
               | pclmulqdq wrote:
               | No, I personally want to see ads that are as irrelevant
               | as possible. I hate getting a sales pitch forced on me,
               | and would rather see something funny or entertaining
               | showing off an irrelevant product in a clever way than
               | whatever your customers want to shove in front of my
               | eyes.
               | 
               | This is why I block all ads, but still appreciate super
               | bowl commercials.
               | 
               | And I have discovered that this actually works on me. I
               | like the Nike ads, so on the occasions when I buy
               | sportswear, I have positive feelings about Nike stuff. I
               | spend 100-10000x more on stuff that isn't sportswear, but
               | I think Nike gets more value from me watching that ad
               | than anyone who advertises some "relevant" SaaS product
               | or whatnot.
        
               | MichaelZuo wrote:
               | This doesn't make sense.
               | 
               | Why would any advertiser pay the same in such a scenario?
               | 
               | They would obviously value your attention much less on
               | average if that was a hard limit.
        
               | greenchair wrote:
               | I don't think relevant ads are healthy for the many
               | people who do not have enough self-control to resist
               | temptation. Ads are essentially playing mindgames
               | triggering fear/jealousy on these people to steal their
               | money. For the people who do have self-control, they
               | don't need other people trying to tell them what to buy.
        
               | dgoldstein0 wrote:
               | That's a good argument against bad and exploitative ads.
               | 
               | Not all ads are necessarily bad. Eg have you ever seen an
               | ad for an event in your town? Maybe a play or a concert
               | you'd want to see. Those to me feel more like "public
               | notice: thing is happening" and every once in a while
               | I'll actually go buy tickets. But technically, those are
               | ads, just not the kind of exploitative ad you are talking
               | about.
               | 
               | A good ad informs, while leaving the decision up to you.
               | A bad ad distracts you with garbage and/or tries to get
               | you to indulge in your worse impulses
        
               | 9dev wrote:
               | You phrase it like it would be a good thing to manipulate
               | people into buying stuff they don't need, to generate an
               | artificial demand by exploiting others.
        
               | worik wrote:
               | > If you're forced to see ads, wouldn't you want ads that
               | are relevant
               | 
               | Thank Dog that is a false dichotomy. I am not forced to
               | see ads, my ad blockers are effective. Back in the day I
               | moved mountains to get MythTV working so I could dodge
               | the ads on linear TV
               | 
               | I do not want those creepy greedy monkeys anywhere near
               | my data
               | 
               | No. A thousand times no!
        
               | milesrout wrote:
               | >Thankfully HN is finally at a stage people can come out
               | and talk about Ad tech without being harassed or
               | attacked.
               | 
               | Is this comment some sort of performance art? When was
               | the last time any post about ads wasn't filled with
               | people posting about how advertising is evil, all
               | advertising should be banned, ads on the internet are
               | "stealing personal information" and other things like
               | that?
               | 
               | There may have been a point where the way ads are
               | delivered on the internet was positively received on HN
               | but it has not been for at least a decade.
        
             | PaulHoule wrote:
             | It was 10 years ago when I was serious about it but I found
             | every monetization venue other than Google was a joke. If
             | you had the right kind of site you could make money with
             | Adult Friend Finder but everything else paid somewhere
             | between 0-10% what Google did and it wasn't worth the brand
             | destruction that usually resulted.
        
             | whiplash451 wrote:
             | > the world has far too many Google equivalents
             | 
             | No it doesn't. As explained by the parent, Google is in a
             | unique position w.r.t to the publishers, the sellers and
             | the bidders.
             | 
             | There's a ton of very talented adtech companies out there,
             | but they only get to play an unfair game.
        
             | crowcroft wrote:
             | In theory, I agree. In practice the whole system is rotten.
             | 
             | * Google unilaterally changing bid mechanics raising costs
             | 15% https://finance.yahoo.com/news/google-changed-ad-
             | auctions-ra...
             | 
             | * Conversion attribution and cookie bombing fraud from both
             | Criteo and Steelhouse
             | https://finance.yahoo.com/news/criteo-versus-steelhouse-
             | clic...
             | 
             | * Phunware click flooding fraud https://www.forbes.com/site
             | s/augustinefou/2021/01/17/ubers-l...
             | 
             | * A nearly unending list of different mobile ad frauds
             | https://www.fraud0.com/resources/ad-fraud-cases-of-the-
             | past-...
             | 
             | * Viewability fraud
             | https://www.cnbc.com/2017/01/31/procter-gamble-chief-
             | markete...
             | 
             | * Session hijacking fraud
             | https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/craigsilverman/ad-
             | indus...
             | 
             | This doesn't sound like a healthy and efficient industry.
             | Not only do vendors clip the ticket aggressively, they
             | divert dollars that advertisers are intending to go to
             | quality media/real publishers, and siphon it off to
             | fraudulent sites and apps where they generally take a
             | higher margin.
        
             | nitwit005 wrote:
             | You're absolutely right, publishers are picking Google with
             | cause, but if Google prevented competition, that's not a
             | real choice is it?
             | 
             | There has to be some sort of competition for markets to be
             | efficient, and you're essentially suggesting there hasn't
             | been a viable alternative in a decade.
        
             | prepend wrote:
             | It matters when monopoly forces increase the cost to
             | publishers and thus harms them.
             | 
             | It can be great compared to next best and they are still
             | harmed by illegal practices that make it worse off.
        
             | InsomniacL wrote:
             | > Also it is irrelevant of whether publisher earns 75% or
             | 30% of the total revenue. What matters is how much they are
             | earning compared to the next best alternative.
             | 
             | Not if Google illegally monopolizes the market unfairly
             | hindering 'the next best alternative'.
             | 
             | > Google is not a "monopoly" in this space.
             | 
             | You've made that comment on a post where a judge has ruled
             | "Google is illegally monopolizing"...
             | 
             | > In fact the world has far too many Google equivalents but
             | absolutely no one comes close to Google in generating top
             | dollars for publishers.
             | 
             | They have not been able to compete in a fair market.
             | 
             | This comment has some great examples..
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43719246
        
           | secondcoming wrote:
           | Running a DSP is quite expensive if you have all the features
           | advertisers want.
        
             | dboreham wrote:
             | Digital Signal Processor?
        
               | tomwojcik wrote:
               | demand-side platform, i assume
        
         | bilekas wrote:
         | Breaking those parts away from google absolutely wouldn't
         | destroy them, over the years I've been so surprised from
         | googlers at most levels explaining how much money they make
         | from all their different services. While advertising is
         | absolutely a big one, it's by no means the only one, and if i
         | understand the situation correctly, the more advertising
         | options that are actually viable for companies will not even
         | kill their advertising business. But big business real doesn't
         | like competition.
        
           | Clubber wrote:
           | Everyone related to the company, from shareholders down to
           | the lowest on the totem pole are incentivized in some way to
           | show quarterly growth, so they will do so at all costs.
        
         | 38 wrote:
         | use the actual link please
         | 
         | https://gizmodo.com/app/uploads/2023/01/6371209cd0cce428b526...
        
         | lifestyleguru wrote:
         | > See this graphic https://images.app.goo.gl/ADx5xrAnWNicgoFu7.
         | 
         | Which part of this diagram is responsible for displaying ads of
         | blue sweatshirt when I say "blue sweatshirt" in a room next to
         | the room where my smartphone is?
        
         | glitchc wrote:
         | Decoupling the advertising marketplace from the platform would
         | be a huge win for consumers. It would also help Google focus on
         | products again instead of constantly bowing to the almighty ad
         | dollar.
        
         | crowcroft wrote:
         | And sometimes they're the publisher as well!
        
         | lucb1e wrote:
         | There's some irony in having to click past a Google tracking
         | wall to see the graphic you shared in this thread, especially
         | when that graphic isn't actually Google's. It's from Gizmodo:
         | https://gizmodo.com/app/uploads/2023/01/6371209cd0cce428b526...
         | (contained in this article: https://gizmodo.com/google-lawsuit-
         | justice-department-ads-an...)
         | 
         | Was looking over my mom's shoulder last week to see what site
         | she was reading out some information from. It was "google.com"
         | but looked like a third party website, probably this AMP thing?
         | Google really is hijacking everything
        
         | brikym wrote:
         | It's a lot more complex than that. Google has been caught
         | putting their finger on the scale in the auction process. Not
         | not entirely sure how they did it but I believe they were
         | outbidding third party bidders by a cent because they're
         | downstream in the chain.
        
       | 1vuio0pswjnm7 wrote:
       | http://archive.md/20250417144711/https://www.nytimes.com/202...
        
       | tonymet wrote:
       | the FTC is like Jim Cramer. Once they judge a business to be a
       | monopoly, the business falls apart and the monopoly is
       | irrelevant. Look at the hundreds of millions wasted on the
       | Windows / IE monopoly trial. the AT&T break up set American
       | technology back by decades and killed our domestic chip
       | production.
        
         | snozolli wrote:
         | _the AT &T break up ... killed our domestic chip production_
         | 
         | That's an interesting take that I've never heard before. Do you
         | have any source that goes into detail?
        
         | spamizbad wrote:
         | AT&T was broken up in 1982. Our manufacturing peaked around
         | 1990 and what really pushed it downward was China joining the
         | WTO. We also halted a lot of fab construction domestically
         | after the GFC of '08.
        
           | tonymet wrote:
           | the *case started in 1973 and was threatened for almost a
           | decade beforehand. That put the entire industry on edge.
        
             | PaulHoule wrote:
             | To the contrary AT&T proved itself incapable of delivering
             | end-to-end innovation. Sure it lowered the cost of
             | intercity links for long-distance calls dramatically but
             | couldn't pass savings on to the consumer. _Picturephone_
             | was a technical tour de force but demonstrated AT &T
             | couldn't deliver new services other than little things like
             | call waiting and caller id.
             | 
             | Notably high profits from long-distance dialup calls kept
             | online services stuck at 2400 bps for most of the 1980s.
             | Futurists circa 1960-1970 thought online services were
             | going to become widespread about 15 years than they really
             | did and AT&T was the #1 thing to blame.
        
           | vkou wrote:
           | This is an interesting theory, but US manufacturing output
           | actually peaked ~2022-2024.
           | 
           | US _wages paid_ to manufacturing jobs are going down year-
           | over-year, because of automation, and, uh, other factors. But
           | the amount of products that are produced has grown year over
           | year... Or was growing, until _waves at everything in 2025_.
        
         | CPLX wrote:
         | > Look at the hundreds of millions wasted on the Windows / IE
         | monopoly trial
         | 
         | The fact that we actually were enforcing antitrust at the time
         | absolutely prevented MS from getting a strangehold on the
         | consumer internet as it was taking off. It's the reason you're
         | posting on this forum in the first place, as it was essential
         | to the success of tech startups in the first dot-com era.
         | 
         | Then we stopped enforcing antitrust laws, and after about 10
         | years or so the new market leaders had developed the stifling
         | set of monopolies we're all dealing with today.
         | 
         | Breaking up Google (which seems inevitable, this is the third
         | distinct recent case where they've been proven to be a
         | monopoly) is likely to be good for literally everyone,
         | including even Google shareholders.
        
         | olyjohn wrote:
         | Tech companies have set back technology by decades already.
         | 
         | We can't to any P2P shit on the internet, instead everything
         | goes through a middle man who will take your money or flood you
         | with ads.
         | 
         | We have bandwidth limitations on every connection, even though
         | bandwidth is cheaper than it's ever been.
         | 
         | The only universal communications system is still... Regular-
         | ass phone calls and e-mail, which is like 100+ and 50 years old
         | respectively. Everything else is proprietary and doesn't work
         | with other systems.
         | 
         | We have to launch tens of thousands of satellites and beam data
         | into outer fucking space in order to get internet to people.
         | 
         | Most of the "internet" all runs in 1 of 3 cloud providers.
         | 
         | We are forced to use Chrome on Windows, or use a Phone to
         | browse the web or deal with endless captchas and having to
         | prove that we are humans.
         | 
         | Search engines are all fucked and barely work. Everything is
         | full of junk and trash. Now we need that chip production to run
         | massive data centers to train some AI on how to sift through
         | all the trash.
         | 
         | I don't know who else to blame but the tech industry itself.
        
           | bix6 wrote:
           | Blame money. Tech can and has been used to improve our lives.
           | But money talks and the focus is too much on never ending
           | hockey stick growth for its own sake.
        
         | ndiddy wrote:
         | > Look at the hundreds of millions wasted on the Windows / IE
         | monopoly trial.
         | 
         | That trial found Microsoft guilty of antitrust practices and
         | ordered the company to be broken up. What caused it to be a
         | waste of time was that Microsoft appealed the decision, which
         | bought them enough time that the 2000 election happened and the
         | Bush DoJ decided to give them a slap on the wrist instead of
         | continuing to pursue a breakup.
        
           | hash872 wrote:
           | An appellate court overturned & greatly limited the Microsoft
           | decision and found that the judge had engaged in misconduct.
           | An appellate court has nothing to do with the administration
           | in charge at the time
        
           | dabockster wrote:
           | 9/11 also happened during that time. Punishing the people
           | that declared war upon the United States and destroyed the
           | Twin Towers was the larger priority than breaking up one
           | company.
        
         | nashashmi wrote:
         | > the AT&T break up set American technology back by decades
         | 
         | Actually it helped the telecom industry prosper because of
         | independent innovation. The innovators became separate from the
         | utilizers. This allowed both sides of the industry to mature
         | into full three-part businesses.
         | 
         | I will give you that it killed other shiny unprofitable
         | technologies. But imagine if that same thing happened with IBM?
         | Where would IBM be today? How many old tech would be shown the
         | door? How many companies would be buying the latest and
         | greatest innovations?
        
         | whack wrote:
         | > _Once they judge a business to be a monopoly, the business
         | falls apart and the monopoly is irrelevant_
         | 
         | You're ignoring the reverse causality. Antitrust lawsuits
         | against Microsoft in the 1990s/2000s put them on edge, and made
         | them think twice about strong-arming their competition. Back
         | when Google was starting to make a name for themselves, MS
         | strongly considered adding a warning on Internet Explorer,
         | telling people to "beware" of any results they see on Google.
         | MS eventually decided against it, because of the antitrust
         | magnifying glass they were under. Having a level playing field
         | allowed Google to grow exponentially, and eventually rendered
         | MS' monopoly irrelevant.
         | 
         | Monopolies use anticompetitive tactics to preserve their moat,
         | and continue being monopolies. When antitrust legislation works
         | effectively, this moat disappears, and the monopolist is
         | eventually overrun and becomes irrelevant.
        
         | oblio wrote:
         | > the AT&T break up set American technology back by decades and
         | killed our domestic chip production.
         | 
         | Are we gonna pretend W<Intel> never happened?
        
         | bogwog wrote:
         | Can you provide some sources that support these claims? This
         | comment is so far removed from any viewpoint I've seen before
         | on this topic that I'm worried I might have a massive
         | blindspot.
         | 
         | Especially this:
         | 
         | > the AT&T break up set American technology back by decades and
         | killed our domestic chip production.
        
       | jongjong wrote:
       | The most surprising thing about big tech is that most of them
       | seem to be less useful than ever and yet they are making more
       | money than ever.
       | 
       | For example, it seems like nobody uses Oracle products anymore,
       | yet Oracle stock is at an ATH.
       | 
       | Microsoft Windows is less popular than ever and yet Microsoft
       | stock is at an ATH.
       | 
       | Apple peaked years ago and yet ATH.
       | 
       | Does anyone still use Facebook regularly? FB stock is ATH.
       | 
       | Something doesn't add up.
        
         | whatgoodisaroad wrote:
         | Java is an Oracle product
        
           | olyjohn wrote:
           | "Java was designed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems. It
           | was released in May 1995 as a core component of Sun's Java
           | platform."
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_(programming_language)
           | 
           | Oracle did what they always do, buy shit out and then milk
           | people for money. That's all they do with it, and why nobody
           | actually uses Oracle's JDK anymore.
        
             | hnfong wrote:
             | To state the obvious, OpenJDK is also an Oracle product.
        
         | disqard wrote:
         | > Something doesn't add up
         | 
         | The economy moved away from being founded on Marx's C-M-C to
         | firmly being fixated on M-C-M' which in plain English, means
         | "We now use Money to make more Money, leveraging Commodities as
         | an intermediate step. The Money is all that matters, not the
         | social benefit/harm" -- IMO, that helps explain why, even
         | though many _people_ are suffering financially, the _market_ is
         | at an ATH.
        
         | CPLX wrote:
         | > most of them seem to be less useful than ever and yet they
         | are making more money than ever
         | 
         | This is the _classic_ sign of a company that has achieved
         | monopoly.
         | 
         | They don't serve their customers any more _because they don 't
         | have to_.
        
       | 1vuio0pswjnm7 wrote:
       | The Court's Opinion:
       | https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.vaed.53...
        
       | kemitchell wrote:
       | Court Listener has the opinion here:
       | 
       | https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.vaed.53...
        
       | nixpulvis wrote:
       | I would love to see a company compete in the ad space with the
       | goal of making ads _less intrusive_. If ads didn 't attack me and
       | cause the viewport to jump and become obscured while reading, my
       | first impression with the products would be better, and the sites
       | the ads are on would get more viewership.
       | 
       | Quality ads would be at a huge premium.
        
         | beezlebroxxxxxx wrote:
         | If we must have ads, the best quality ads I see online are dumb
         | ads. Just an image as a link. The most effective ads I see are
         | ones on blogs where the blogger sells ad space (side columns)
         | and they're just images that directly link to the product. The
         | ads are relevant to the blog and readers. 99% of other online
         | ads I see are visual garbage and irrelevant. The "targeting" is
         | abysmal.
         | 
         | Convincing all of these sites that Google, Meta, or other
         | services, are "superior" for ads genuinely seems like
         | incredible marketing. They've siphoned up enormous amounts of
         | money and in return put in place a miserable user experience
         | while making media companies wholly reliant on them.
        
           | nixpulvis wrote:
           | Exactly.
           | 
           | Sell "dumb" ads with effort made to make the ads
           | simultaneously stand out and fit into the theme of the site.
           | Like how quality newspapers do it sometimes.
        
         | LordDragonfang wrote:
         | The exact company you're asking for existed already, almost two
         | decades ago. It was called Project Wonderful, and initially
         | focused on independent blogs and webcomics.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Wonderful
         | 
         | It never managed more than modest success and never expanded
         | far outside its initial sphere. It shut down in 2018 because it
         | was unable to compete with all the monopolist walled garden ad
         | spaces.
         | 
         | There are various small projects that could claim to be
         | successors to that ethos -- but (to a rounding error) no one
         | has heard of them because, contrary to your claim, the revealed
         | "premium" that users place on "quality ads" is dwarfed by the
         | premium that advertisers place on aggressive attention vampires
         | (and the latter are the ones actually paying)
        
           | alexey-salmin wrote:
           | Can you share some names? Would be interesting to check them
           | out.
           | 
           | I understand why such a company will never make big money,
           | but I don't see why it couldn't operate and survive. Running
           | a small-scale ad network incurs small-scale costs. I guess
           | the problem would burnout of people maintaining it.
        
         | imhoguy wrote:
         | I think at the beginning Google was the good one keeping
         | display ads high quality, so that even some ad blocking lists
         | didn't remove them straight away. But yeah, today it is
         | impossible to browse some sites or use apps without being
         | tricked into endless maze of close button. And when I see Temu
         | ads I throw up.
        
         | nashashmi wrote:
         | I think the deed is done. We are never going back to "good" ads
         | anymore. The market's greatest revenue makers are those who are
         | dumb ad clickers. We need more intrusive ads to get them on
         | board now. The smart ones can still use adblock.
        
         | alexey-salmin wrote:
         | Web ads are bearable for me most of the time, but I'm dismayed
         | by ads in mobile games my kids play. Unskippable 30 second
         | videos that peddle poorly made F2P games.
         | 
         | I manage to keep them mostly out of it by paying for worthy
         | games and deleting the rest.
         | 
         | However I would in fact happily welcome _some_ ads. Ones that
         | would simply inform me of existence of masterpieces like Tiny
         | Bubbles or Monument Valley rather than peddle anything. This
         | idea of a tiny ad network with curated content comes up in my
         | head often. Sure it won't make any money it would do some good.
        
           | pyfon wrote:
           | Turning that on its head, maybe you want something like a 90s
           | shareware lost, curated by someone. Then the games you'd play
           | for free are now ad free (the game is its own ad to get more
           | levels). And you get that curated list. But yeah less money
           | than dialing up ads to 11 while trying to find the whale
           | who'll spend 1000 a week.
        
         | pyfon wrote:
         | I'd use the web more without an adblocker if this were the
         | case.
        
       | alex1138 wrote:
       | I don't know whether they are a monopoly but I would like them to
       | fix several things
       | 
       | 1) Fix your search engine. Stop ignoring keywords, your product
       | as it is currently sucks
       | 
       | 2) Stop antagonizing people with user hostile actions in Chrome
       | 
       | 3) Enough with the ideological censorship
        
         | thrance wrote:
         | Google doesn't need to fix anything for you, they basically own
         | the market. Their won't be any changes unless the state does
         | something. But I wouldn't expect the most corrupt
         | administration to date to stand against one of the wealthiest
         | organizations in the country.
         | 
         | Also, what censorship are you referring to? Them complying with
         | the new regime in advance and removing pride month from the
         | calendar? Or are you playing into the conservative fantasy of
         | being supposedly censored online despite evidence of the
         | contrary [2] ?
         | 
         | [1] https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/feb/11/google-
         | calen...
         | 
         | [2] https://bhr.stern.nyu.edu/publication/false-accusation-
         | the-u...
        
         | heromal wrote:
         | > 3) Enough with the ideological censorship
         | 
         | What's this referring to? It seems to me they've stayed out of
         | the culture war stuff (compared to Meta who is wading in it,
         | for example).
        
       | alganet wrote:
       | Advertisement seems to be a hot topic for endless discussion
       | these days.
       | 
       | Throw in some "that thing sells ads" and endless tarpit
       | discussion ensues with no clear conclusion.
       | 
       | We should be better than this.
        
       | adrr wrote:
       | Weird calling them a monopoly when they only control 26% of the
       | market for digital marketing. For comparison when Microsoft was
       | found guilty, they had 90% of the desktop market. Att was at 100%
       | when they were broken up. Standard oil was at 90%.
       | 
       | Is this lowest percentage of market for a company being found
       | monolopy?
        
         | Clubber wrote:
         | Being a monopoly is legal, it's using your monopoly status at
         | the expense of the competition is what isn't legal.
        
           | adrr wrote:
           | Never said it was illegal. Hence my phrasing monopoly and not
           | an illegal monopoly aka monopoly that abuses their position.
           | But was defines a monopoly? 26% of market doesn't sound like
           | a monopoly to me looking at past antitrust actions. Which why
           | i ask my question, is this lowest percentage of the market
           | for antitrust action?
        
             | Clubber wrote:
             | _In the global search engine market, Google maintains a
             | dominant position. In January 2025, its market share was
             | approximately 89.62% across all devices, and 93.89% in the
             | mobile search market. While Bing, Yandex, and Yahoo! hold a
             | smaller share of the market, Google continues to be the
             | leading search engine._
        
               | adrr wrote:
               | What does search have to do with this? This is on their
               | display ads.
               | 
               | You can read decision here. No mention of search.
               | 
               | https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.vaed
               | .53...
        
               | hnfong wrote:
               | > You can read decision here. No mention of search. I
               | count 13 mentions of "Google Search" and 44 mentions of
               | "search" in the linked document.
               | 
               | Of course this doesn't mean the monopoly is in "search",
               | but before you complain that I just grepped the document
               | for the keywords without reading it, here's the actual
               | relevant text:                 Plaintiffs have proven
               | that Google has willfully engaged in a series of
               | anticompetitive acts to acquire and maintain monopoly
               | power in the publisher ad server and ad exchange markets
               | for open-web display advertising. For over a decade,
               | Google has tied its publisher ad server and ad exchange
               | together through contractual policies and technological
               | integration, which enabled the company to establish and
               | protect its monopoly power in these two markets. Google
               | further entrenched its monopoly power by imposing
               | anticompetitive policies on its customers and eliminating
               | desirable product features. In addition to depriving
               | rivals of the ability to compete, this exclusionary
               | conduct substantially harmed Google's publisher
               | customers, the competitive process, and, ultimately,
               | consumers of information on the open web. Accordingly,
               | Google is liable under Sections 1 and 2 of the Sherman
               | Act.
               | 
               | So it's quite clear the court thought Google was a
               | monopoly in "publisher ad server and ad exchange markets
               | for open-web display advertising". Not "market for
               | digital marketing" as you alluded to.
               | 
               | I really don't know what to make of your comments here --
               | either you read the document and decided to just spin it
               | as some braindead decision, or you didn't read the
               | document and just wantonly claimed it didn't mention
               | "search".
        
       | franczesko wrote:
       | Google also destroyed journalism as we know it. Who knows how the
       | industry would look like, if it wasn't suffocated by its monopoly
        
         | PunchTornado wrote:
         | facebook destroyed journalism
        
           | ars wrote:
           | Media companies destroyed journalism by making news into
           | entertainment instead of information. For example by finding
           | the one extremest in a group of people and running stories
           | about his minority - but exciting - viewpoint, instead of the
           | boring viewpoint of most of the group.
        
           | franczesko wrote:
           | "this exclusionary conduct substantially harmed Google's
           | publisher customers"
           | 
           | From the money perspective it was Google. But I agree on
           | Facebook's contribution, as they've pretty much created an
           | advertising cartel together
        
         | fallingknife wrote:
         | Journalism destroyed itself
        
         | chris_va wrote:
         | (disclaimer that I was the TL of Google News a very long time
         | ago, so feel free to ignore what I say as biased)
         | 
         | I would argue that monster.com and craiglist, which
         | collectively removed the majority of newpaper revenue, were
         | probably the nail in the coffin. You can see some of the
         | decline pre-internet in this 1999 take:
         | https://niemanreports.org/newspapers-arrive-at-economic-cros...
         | ... which already laments the decline of journalism.
         | 
         | Pre-internet, editorial boards were fundamentally gatekeepers
         | of knowledge. They were certainly not unbiased, but for the
         | most part they had a level of integrity. Now, one can find (or
         | have pushed) any "narrative" one chooses, whether or not it
         | bears any resemblance to reality. While Google does make it
         | easier to find any/all of this content, I would argue that the
         | intrinsic incentives of social media platforms for more
         | engagement are probably the high order bit.
        
       | xlinux wrote:
       | All the ads i see on youtube are nothing but scams. Google has
       | become evil.
        
       | guywithahat wrote:
       | I've always been somewhat opposed to this, because there's
       | already like 10 different search alternatives, and now AI is
       | taking over, which will further weaken their grip.
       | 
       | Google is on top because they do the best job; I use Yandex
       | primarily, but I switch back to google all the time for coding
       | related questions. In terms of advertising, there's billions of
       | views on Facebook/Instagram/X to get, in addition to all the
       | other sites. I get they're a big player, but I worry we're just
       | beating Google because they're down, not because it's good for
       | the consumer.
        
         | wbl wrote:
         | This is not that case. This case is about how Google only
         | serves certain ad inventory to people who use their products.
        
           | jack_h wrote:
           | Then what is the definition of a monopoly? It doesn't appear
           | to be the same definition as "the exclusive possession or
           | control of the supply of or trade in a commodity or service."
           | Do they exclusively control all ad inventory? Do they control
           | all devices receiving ads? GP states that they don't have
           | exclusive control broadly, just within their own ecosystem.
           | That's not the definition of a monopoly though, so it seems
           | like a motte and bailey calling google a monopoly.
        
           | guywithahat wrote:
           | I guess my argument is you can use one of the other dozen ad
           | platforms
        
         | IshKebab wrote:
         | Well they certainly _gained_ dominance by being the best and I
         | would say they still are the best. But maybe there was some
         | competitor that could have usurped them by being even better if
         | not for their anticompetitive tactics. I wouldn 't put money
         | against that...
        
         | gregw134 wrote:
         | There's really only one alternative, Bing. Virtually all the
         | other western search engines are using the Bing api, and just
         | slightly modify the results.
        
           | barkerja wrote:
           | I use Kagi -\\_(tsu)_/-
        
         | p3rls wrote:
         | Really? Even non-technical people are waking up and seeing the
         | 3 in web3 stands for India, OnlyFans and AI content.
         | 
         | As someone who runs a large platform in the music niche, every
         | independent interesting webapp in the kpop community besides me
         | has been killed by Google's ceaseless enshittification and I'd
         | be thrilled if everyone who worked there had their stock
         | options reduced to 0 to atone for what they've done to the
         | internet.
        
         | gtirloni wrote:
         | Online advertising isn't limited to ads in search results. They
         | can include ads everywhere and work as a platform for others as
         | well.
        
         | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
         | > Google is on top because they do the best job
         | 
         | You think a court hasn't considered that angle?
        
       | wonderwonder wrote:
       | Curious to see how Google search holds up over the next few
       | years. I find myself not using it at all unless I am looking for
       | something very specific such as the website for a company or
       | local restaurants, etc.
       | 
       | Anything informational now I use ai.
        
       | kytazo wrote:
       | Wait until you see AI
        
       | Frieren wrote:
       | This is necessary now, but it should have been done years back.
       | 
       | Nowadays, many companies backed up by investors with very deep
       | pockets are doing this in all markets: start to buy middle-man
       | companies in a space, it does not matter which one, dominate the
       | market thanks to monopolistic power. Screw the clients making
       | them pay too much, screw the providers paying them too little. Go
       | for the next market.
       | 
       | Google does this for ads. But, with Apple, does the same for app
       | vendors. Amazon does it for all kinds of brands with physical
       | products. Uber does it for taxi drivers and their clients. All of
       | them take a big chunk of the profit while making things more
       | expensive, but they are the only real option to reach clients as
       | they have used tactics to monopolize entire markets.
       | 
       | This should be impossible, because there are laws against it. If
       | it is allowed the future of the economy is one big corporation
       | with all workers working for it, and everybody buying from it. It
       | looks like a scifi dystopia.
        
         | foobarian wrote:
         | If only Marx et al. knew that the end game of capitalism is
         | communism! Would have probably slept much better at night.
        
           | timewizard wrote:
           | So you're acknowledging that the best way to make a
           | population powerless and then rob them blind is Communism?
        
             | shadowgovt wrote:
             | I don't know, capitalism seems to be doing a pretty good
             | job of it right now. I'd have to see some hard numbers on
             | efficacy.
             | 
             | Has anyone done a normalized any% speedrun to breadlines on
             | these two fierce contenders? Can monarchy get in on this?
        
               | milesrout wrote:
               | We are wealthier than we have ever been so I fail to see
               | how capitalism has made us poor.
               | 
               | Poor compared to what? The past when we were poorer?
        
             | mystified5016 wrote:
             | No, because we aren't even doing that the best way. Can't
             | even fail successfully.
        
               | timewizard wrote:
               | So real "capitalism devolved into communism" has never
               | been tried before?
        
           | dragonwriter wrote:
           | > If only Marx et al. knew that the end game of capitalism is
           | communism!
           | 
           | Using "end game" as it seems to be here -- for the natural
           | ultimate result -- Marx argued that as a pretty central
           | thesis of his work (through the mechanism of capitalist
           | development -> proletarian class consciousness -> socialist
           | revolution -> socialism -> <stuff mostly left as an exercise
           | for the reader> -> withering of the state -> communism.)
           | 
           | OTOH, a single entity run for the benefit of a narrow group
           | of stakeholders employing all labor, supplying everything,
           | and effectively enslaving everyone through private control of
           | the means of production is _not_ Communism, or even socialism
           | (defined by _proletarian_ control of the means of production)
           | but just monopolistic capitalism (and, yes, this is where a
           | major non-Leninist Communist criticism of Leninism, and its
           | descendants like Stalinism and Maoism, that feature
           | totalitarian control of a command economy by a narrow self-
           | perpetuating party elite stems from.)
        
         | turtletontine wrote:
         | | This should be impossible, because there are laws against it.
         | 
         | That's what so remarkable: we have a robust system of antitrust
         | laws in this country, they just haven't been enforced in
         | decades. Thank god the Biden admin started trying to use them
         | again, and that Trump hasn't stopped these cases in their
         | tracks.
        
       | psunavy03 wrote:
       | Go figure that it's taken so long to do this that it was possibly
       | almost mooted by Google enshittifying itself out of existence.
        
       | matthest wrote:
       | First, let me say I'm glad the FTC is going after monopolies.
       | True capitalism requires competition, not massive corporations.
       | 
       | That said, I feel like going after Big Tech is a massive misuse
       | of resources. Not because it's not a monopoly (it is), but
       | because there's a far more important monopoly that should be
       | broken up: healthcare insurance.
       | 
       | Something like 7 corporations dominate 70% of the healthcare
       | insurance market. The AMA had a study last year that concluded
       | these insurance companies are charging monopoly pricing.
       | 
       | This is why Americans are paying astronomical prices for
       | healthcare.
       | 
       | This is IMO by far the most pressing issue. Yet the FTC is
       | seemingly spending all its time going after Big Tech, which has a
       | comparatively lower impact on the quality of everyday Americans'
       | lives.
        
         | smj-edison wrote:
         | Or Visa and MasterCard...
        
         | fallingknife wrote:
         | I don't really see how that's possible. They are prevented by
         | law from charging more than 25% on top of what they pay out to
         | medical providers. The problem is the providers who are
         | represented by the AMA.
        
           | matthest wrote:
           | https://acdis.org/articles/news-ama-report-details-health-
           | in...
        
             | fallingknife wrote:
             | This relies entirely on market concentration and doesn't
             | even bother to address the legal cap on premiums enacted in
             | the ACA. I expected it to be trash because it is written by
             | people who have every incentive to try to blame insurance
             | companies and I was correct.
        
         | liveoneggs wrote:
         | health insurance is a legally-sanctioned cartel that should be
         | eliminated entirely
        
       | ApolloFortyNine wrote:
       | I'm confused how this is a monopoly, is it just the "if we define
       | a market as Google ads, then Google has a monopoly problem"? Like
       | defining iOS apps as a market (and somehow failed)?
       | 
       | Even if they play games with the auctions to keep the price up,
       | at the end of the day X company is spending $5 per thousand
       | clicks (or whatever) because they think it's worth it. Google can
       | charge whatever they want, they run the platform, and it's not as
       | if anyone is forced to use them.
       | 
       | I just don't see how you could in the same breath (how the
       | government basically has) that the app store isn't a monopoly,
       | but Google ads are. There's other ad companies, there is no other
       | way to get an app on iOS.
        
         | turtletontine wrote:
         | Um, no, the market is obviously not defined as "google ads."
         | You could bother to do one single search (maybe even with
         | google!) before spewing nonsense.
         | 
         | Specifically, part of the case found google liable for
         | "unlawfully [tying] its publisher ad server and ad exchange" in
         | violation of the Sherman antitrust act. Basically, google has
         | locked down both the supply side (sites with space the sell for
         | ads) and demand side (market of advertisers bidding on that
         | space) so it can play both sides - and (crucially!) it has
         | integrated them so as to lock in both advertisers and
         | publishers. That's how you unfairly build a monopoly.
         | 
         | And funny that you use the App Store as an example. Two years
         | ago google lost an antitrust case brought by epic games about
         | their android store practices:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epic_Games_v._Google?wprov=sft...
        
         | timewizard wrote:
         | > I'm confused how this is a monopoly
         | 
         | An example from the case would be: Google bought Admeld. Then
         | it disabled it's real time bidding feature. This created short
         | term losses for them but gave them long term advantage in
         | market control.
         | 
         | > Even if they play games with the auctions to keep the price
         | up
         | 
         | Then it should be noticed, competitors should form, and the
         | market should move away from this provider. Yet this has not
         | happened because Google keeps buying those competitors.
         | 
         | > and it's not as if anyone is forced to use them.
         | 
         | Technically? Yes. Practically? No.
         | 
         | > that the app store isn't a monopoly, but Google ads are.
         | 
         | Our federal courts are separated into districts. Not all of
         | them use the same precedents and market logic when deciding
         | cases. This is probably why congress passed a law that prevents
         | large companies from removing cases to the district of their
         | choice and instead forces them to hold the case where the
         | prosecutor decides.
         | 
         | The latter point is one reason why this case ended up
         | differently.
         | 
         | > There's other ad companies
         | 
         | Loss leading, exclusive contracts, and price fixing are all
         | crimes that can be committed in that environment. The bar for
         | anti trust isn't "100% market domination." It's actually pretty
         | nuanced. That's a good thing.
        
       | kazinator wrote:
       | People are illegally thinking of nothing but 'google.com' when
       | they are about to search for something, rules judge.
       | 
       | In so doing, they leave Google no choice but to reluctantly
       | comply in behaving like a monopoly.
       | 
       | This flagrant behavior is punishable by exposure to pages and
       | pages of spam, advertising, inauthentic content, nonsensical AI
       | summaries (unless 'fucking' is added to the query) and malware.
       | 
       | Our reporter tried reaching out to a few representatives of the
       | people to see what they have to say for themselves, but they were
       | too busy doom-scrolling YouTube shorts or TikTok to even blink
       | their eyes.
        
       | throwaway743 wrote:
       | They should dig into admob while they're at it. They love
       | screwing devs over and have purposely left their email option
       | broken for years now. They'll cut you off even when it's their
       | fault and you'll have no means of recourse. It's a joke, but they
       | have the best ecpm around unfortunately.
        
       | HackerThemAll wrote:
       | It seems the judge went with reasoning resembling an orange
       | monkey logic. "I know online advertising better than anyone else
       | on the planet, and Google is a monopoly".
       | 
       | US&A has already turned into idiocracy.
        
       | somerandomness wrote:
       | Talk to the ruling directly: https://radpod.ai/share/court-
       | ruling-google-violated-the-she...
        
       | CommenterPerson wrote:
       | Could this be used as a shakedown by Trump (give me 1 billion and
       | I'll get the case withdrawn)
        
       | zombiwoof wrote:
       | Sundar booking flights to Mar A Lago
        
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