[HN Gopher] An Introduction to Stochastic Calculus (2022)
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       An Introduction to Stochastic Calculus (2022)
        
       Author : ibobev
       Score  : 105 points
       Date   : 2025-04-16 10:26 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (bjlkeng.io)
 (TXT) w3m dump (bjlkeng.io)
        
       | fancyfredbot wrote:
       | Apparently this is the key to unlocking vast riches through a
       | career as a derivatives quant. I'm told it's a requirement even
       | though you don't really use it on the job. A bit like how you
       | need to rebalance a binary tree to be a web developer.
       | 
       | Anyway now it's the key to unlocking vast riches through a career
       | as an AI researcher too, seems like a good skill to have.
        
         | vcdimension wrote:
         | Yes, you need a good tutor to help you navigate through such a
         | complex topic.
        
         | werdnapk wrote:
         | Most web developers don't even know what a binary tree is,
         | nevermind rebalancing one.
        
         | mamonster wrote:
         | It's not extremely difficult(I mean for the most important
         | results like Yamada-Watanabe, Girsanov, etc) if you have a good
         | grasp on measure theory. That said, without that grasp this
         | topic is very hellish.
         | 
         | The main problem for people is understanding intuitively what
         | "quadratic variation" actually is and how that factors into the
         | difference between a normal Riemann integral and a stochastic
         | integral.
        
           | almostgotcaught wrote:
           | > not extremely difficult... if you have a good grasp on
           | measure theory
           | 
           | If this were Reddit I would paste the "You got into Harvard
           | Law? - Elle Woods" meme.
           | 
           | Ok it's not that hard - I did an independent study of
           | Oksendahl in my junior year before my first measure theory
           | class and understood most of it ok. But then again I didn't
           | have to take exams on the material lol.
        
         | mikrl wrote:
         | Not a quant, but I have physics training and I'm very curious
         | about stochastic calculus and finance.
         | 
         | Isn't it implicit in a lot of the work? If you're modelling
         | volatility you'll need the rigorous mathematics in the back of
         | your mind while you do so to keep you on track.
         | 
         | Similarly, a webdev isn't going to use fancy tree algorithms
         | often... but they need to understand the DOM and its structure.
        
           | v4nn4 wrote:
           | The comment above is probably from a bot. You do need an
           | extensive understanding of stochastic calculus to maintain
           | quant models code, let alone explain what it does to
           | regulators.
        
             | ogogmad wrote:
             | > The comment above is probably from a bot.
             | 
             | Wtf
             | 
             | Is this happening?
        
               | bee_rider wrote:
               | People accusing comments they don't agree with of being
               | bots? Yes it has been happening for decades. Lots of
               | folks are bad at arguing, so they make random accusations
               | to distract from that fact.
        
             | AnimalMuppet wrote:
             | The parent comment _definitely_ violates the site
             | guidelines.
        
             | kelseyfrog wrote:
             | How can you tell? They're missing the telltale sign -- the
             | em dash.
        
               | bee_rider wrote:
               | I hate this em dash meme. Yes, using a totally normal bit
               | of punctuation is a sure sign that something was written
               | by a bot.
        
         | EGreg wrote:
         | Uh bruh. I took this class when I was 22 at NYU. Quadratic
         | variation, brownian motion, and of course black-scholes etc. A
         | lot of the work is based on a Japanese guy named Ito, who
         | pioneered Ito integrals. And yes you need to know basic measure
         | theory or probability as a prerequisite (take Math Analysis at
         | least)
         | 
         | The closest I ever got to being a quant is doing an internship
         | at a hedge fund called Concordia. They were just using Excel
         | and VBA for credit default swaps back in the day. I then ended
         | up at Bloomberg building their front end in C++ which st that
         | time was a huge compiled binary.
         | 
         | I quickly exited that world and realized I enjoy building web
         | applications. Had been doing that ever since. Guess turning
         | $220 billion into $223 billion wasnt my idea of fun.
         | 
         | What you need as the key is Python, ML, SciKit, etc.
        
           | bormaj wrote:
           | Adding to this, stochastic calculus matters more for modeling
           | volatility/interest rates/derivatives. As you mention,
           | Python/ML are more than suitable for many other areas within
           | quant finance like optimization, algo development, signal
           | research, etc.
        
         | mdp2021 wrote:
         | > _now it 's the key ... as an AI researcher_
         | 
         | ...For the moment. We will have to return to controlled
         | processes at some stage - pure stochastic (using stochastic
         | processes alone) is not adequate for precise questions
         | requiring correct answers.
         | 
         | Only very little ago an LLM stated General Zhukov as German
         | (probably because he had been the scourge of the German army -
         | enough of a relation to make of something its substantive
         | opposite in a weak mind). Imagine if we had that "method"
         | applied to serous things.
        
       | LostMyLogin wrote:
       | Does anyone have a solid road map of what to learn to get to the
       | point where learning stochastic calculus is possible? I have a CS
       | degree that was obtained 8-10 years ago. What are the
       | prerequisites?
        
         | kachnuv_ocasek wrote:
         | Same background here. I finally got into stochastic calculus
         | last year thanks to a local college course (after several
         | unsuccessful attempts on my own).
         | 
         | You need at least
         | 
         | 1. a basic grasp of classical calculus, measure theory and
         | topology
         | 
         | 2. solid understanding of probability theory
         | 
         | 3. basics of stochastic processes
         | 
         | I believe you should be able to dive in from there. It's good
         | to have an idea where you're heading as well (mathematical
         | finance and modelling and pricing derivatives? Bayesian
         | inference and MCMC? statistical physics?).
        
         | alphazard wrote:
         | If you want to understand the language of stochastic calculus
         | as mathematicians have formalized it, then you need all of
         | their jargon. Probability, Diff Eqs, Integrals, and
         | Derivatives. If you are trying to tick a box on a resume, then
         | that's what you have to do. If you have a CS degree then you
         | have a little slice of Probability from combinatorics and
         | information theory. You'll have to build up from there.
         | 
         | Stochastic Calculus was invented to understand stochastic
         | processes analytically rather than experimentally. If you just
         | want to build an intuition for stochastic processes, you should
         | skip all that and start playing with Monte Carlo simulations,
         | which you can do easily in Excel, Mathematica, or Python. Other
         | programming languages will work too, but those technologies are
         | the easiest to go from 0 to MC simulation in a short amount of
         | time.
        
         | gaze wrote:
         | You should learn calculus and differential equations, and then
         | some probability. At that point you should learn a bit of
         | measure theory and then stochastic calculus builds on all that.
         | Stochastic calculus is basically just weird calculus. It has an
         | additional differential dW and the chain rule is more complex
         | (for the Ito formulation. Stratonovich is different but not by
         | much)
         | 
         | From there you study the behavior of various forms of
         | stochastic differential equations that are intended to model
         | certain situations. Then, you make this cool connection between
         | stochastic differential equations and ordinary differential
         | equations that describe the evolution of the corresponding
         | probability distributions. There's lots of other stuff but
         | those are the hits.
        
         | nyrikki wrote:
         | From a CS background, several people I know have raved about
         | the following book[1], of which will be friendly and useful for
         | future needs anyway in the field. The first part of the book is
         | what appears to be a pretty good refresher path.
         | 
         | IMHO working through that book will make you practice with
         | enough basic calc to make moving on to stochastic calculus
         | fairly easy.
         | 
         | [1] Performance Modeling and Design of Computer Systems:
         | Queueing Theory in Action - Mor Harchol-Balter
         | 
         | https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~harchol/PerformanceModeling/book.htm...
        
         | abetusk wrote:
         | I'm not a practitioner, so read with some skepticism, but
         | here's my list:
         | 
         | * Calculus
         | 
         | * Real Analysis
         | 
         | * Statistical Mechanics
         | 
         | * Probability
         | 
         | I'm not sure I have any good recommendations for Calculus, but
         | for real analysis, I would recommend "The Way of Analysis" by
         | Strichartz [0].
         | 
         | I don't have good recommendations for books on statistical
         | mechanics, as I haven't found a book that isn't entrenched in
         | coming from a physics perspective and teaches the underlying
         | methods and algorithms. The best I can recommend is "Complexity
         | and Criticality" by Christensen and Moloney [1], but it's
         | pretty far afield of statistical mechanics and the like.
         | Simulating percolation, the Ising model and ricepiles uses a
         | lot of the same methods as financial simulation (MCMC, etc.).
         | 
         | For probability, I would recommend "Probability and Computing"
         | by Mitzenmacher and Upfal [2], "Probability ..." by Durrett [3]
         | and Feller Vol. 1 and 2 [4] [5] for reference.
         | 
         | I also would recommend "Frequently asked questions in
         | Quantitative Finance" by Wilmott [6].
         | 
         | Also know that there's a quantitative finance SO [7] that might
         | be helpful.
         | 
         | [0] https://www.amazon.com/Analysis-Revised-Jones-Bartlett-
         | Mathe...
         | 
         | [1] https://www.amazon.com/COMPLEXITY-CRITICALITY-Imperial-
         | Colle...
         | 
         | [2] https://www.amazon.com/Probability-Computing-
         | Randomization-P...
         | 
         | [3] https://www.amazon.com/Probability-Theory-Examples-
         | Durrett-H...
         | 
         | [4] https://www.amazon.com/Introduction-Probability-Theory-
         | Appli...
         | 
         | [5] https://www.amazon.com/Introduction-Probability-Theory-
         | Appli...
         | 
         | [6] https://www.amazon.com/Frequently-Asked-Questions-
         | Quantitati...
         | 
         | [7] https://quant.stackexchange.com/
        
         | chasely wrote:
         | A few weeks ago I decided I wanted to get into this so I
         | started self-studying probability theory (with measure theory)
         | [0] as a bridge to start in on stochastic calculus [1]
         | 
         | I think the hardest part of self-studying anything that has
         | some formal math foundations is knowing _what_ to pay attention
         | to. There's so much in just the first chapter of the
         | probability book. Is having a general understanding of set
         | theory enough or should I actually know how to prove a function
         | is a singular function?
         | 
         | That's why I often like to find a university course with
         | lectures posted online so I can use that as a rough guideline
         | for what's important, but I haven't quite found that yet for
         | stochastic calculus. Would love if someone coul point me to
         | one.
         | 
         | [0]: https://www.amazon.com/dp/3030976815 [1]:
         | https://www.amazon.com/dp/9811247560
        
       | enthdegree wrote:
       | Great post, "Wiener" is misspelled a few times.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2025-04-16 17:00 UTC)