[HN Gopher] The Bitter Prediction
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The Bitter Prediction
        
       Author : jannesan
       Score  : 183 points
       Date   : 2025-04-12 09:05 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (4zm.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (4zm.org)
        
       | jannesan wrote:
       | this article precisely captures what i have been thinking
       | recently. it's really demotivating me.
        
         | ben_w wrote:
         | Sounds about right, but consider also that music, painting,
         | sculpture, theatre are all simultaneously (1) hobbies requiring
         | great skill to master and which people dervive much joy from,
         | and (2) are experiences that can be bought for a pittance as a
         | download, a "print your own {thing}" shop, 3D printing etc., or
         | YouTube.
         | 
         | The bathwater of economics will surely dirty, but you don't
         | need to throw out the baby of hobbies with it.
        
       | gadilif wrote:
       | I can really relate to the feeling described after modifying save
       | files to get more resources in a game, but I wonder if it's the
       | same kind of 'cheating'. Doing better in a game has its own
       | associsted feeling of achievement, and cheating definitely robs
       | you of that, which to me explains why playing will be less fun.
       | Moving faster on a side project or at work doesn't feel like the
       | same kind of shortcut/cheat. Most of us no longer program in
       | assembly language, and we still maintain a sense of achievement
       | using elite languages, which naturally abstract away a lot of the
       | details. Isn't using AI to hide away implementation details just
       | a natural next step, where instead of lengthy error prone machine
       | level code, you have a few modern language instructions?
        
         | lloeki wrote:
         | > Moving faster on a side project or at work doesn't feel like
         | the same kind of shortcut/cheat.
         | 
         | Depends whether you're in it for the endgame or the journey.
         | 
         | For some the latter is a means to the former, and for others
         | it's the other way around.
        
           | gadilif wrote:
           | I see your point, and tend to agree. However, at least for
           | the time being, I see the AI tools not inherently different
           | than refactoring tools which were available over a decade
           | ago. It helps me move faster, and I feel like it's one more
           | tool I need to master, so it will be useful in my toolbox.
        
       | OgsyedIE wrote:
       | I think this particular anxiety was explored rather well in the
       | anonymous short story 'The End of Creative Scarcity':
       | 
       | https://www.fictionpress.com/s/3353977/1/The-End-of-Creative...
       | 
       | Some existential objections occur; how sure are we that there
       | isn't an infinite regress of ever deeper games to explore? Can we
       | claim that every game has an enjoyment-nullifying hack yet to
       | discover with no exceptions? If pampered pet animals don't appear
       | to experience the boredom we anticipate is coming for us, is the
       | expectation completely wrong?
        
         | 01HNNWZ0MV43FF wrote:
         | Loved it, thank you for sharing
        
         | zem wrote:
         | thanks, that was wonderful
        
         | nemo1618 wrote:
         | Thank you for sharing this :)
        
         | bogrollben wrote:
         | This was great - thank you!
        
       | jstummbillig wrote:
       | I don't really see it. At least the article should address why we
       | would not assume massive price drops, market adjusted pricing and
       | free offerings, as with all other innovation before, that all
       | lead to wider access to better technology.
       | 
       | Why would this be the exception?
        
         | ignoramous wrote:
         | If that happens, I can see those programmers become their age's
         | Uber drivers (low pay, low skill, unsatisfactory, gig
         | workforce).
        
       | freb3n wrote:
       | The financial barrier point is really great.
       | 
       | I feel the same with a lot of points made here, but hadn't yet
       | thought about the financial one.
       | 
       | When I started out with web development that was one of the
       | things I really loved. Anyone can just read about html, css and
       | Javascript and get started with any kind of free to use code
       | editor.
       | 
       | Though you can still do just that, it seems like you would always
       | drag behind the 'cool guys' using AI.
        
         | M4v3R wrote:
         | You still don't _need_ AI to write software, but investing in
         | it will make you more productive. More money enables you to buy
         | better tools, that was always true for any trade. My friend is
         | a woodworker and his tools are 5-10x more expensive than what I
         | have in my shack, but are also more precise, more reliable and
         | easier to use. AI is the same, I would even argue it gives you
         | a bigger productivity boost with less money (especially given
         | that local models are getting better literally every week).
        
           | zwnow wrote:
           | Incredible take considering using AI robs new learners of off
           | real learning. There is a reason lots of experienced devs are
           | dropping it from their editors. Using AI will not make you a
           | better dev, it simply accelerates you building a failing
           | product faster, because ultimately you wont understand your
           | own product. Most devs that use AI blindly trust it instead
           | of questioning what it produces.
        
             | falcor84 wrote:
             | > Most devs that use AI blindly trust it instead of
             | questioning what it produces.
             | 
             | Without the punctuation, I first read it tautologically as
             | "Most devs that use AI blindly, trust it instead of
             | questioning what it produces". But even assuming you meant
             | "Most devs that use AI, blindly trust it instead of
             | questioning what it produces", there's still a negative
             | feedback loop. We're still at the early experimentation
             | phase, but if/when AI capabilities eventually settle down,
             | people will adapt, learning when and when not they can
             | trust the AI coder and when to take the reins - that would
             | be the skill that people are hired for.
             | 
             | Alternatively, we could be headed towards an intelligence
             | explosion, with AI growing in capabilities until it
             | surpasses human coders at almost all types of coding work,
             | except perhaps for particular tasks which the AI dev could
             | then delegate to a human.
        
               | zwnow wrote:
               | A dystopia in which ill look for a new career. Using AI
               | to generate code sucks the joy out of the job.
        
               | tasuki wrote:
               | > A dystopia in which ill look for a new career.
               | 
               | What makes you think that will be necessary?
        
               | zwnow wrote:
               | Because I dont want to work with AI agents? I like my
               | work to be fun, as in "I could bear working 8 hours a day
               | with this." I like thinking about the problems and
               | solutions and how that translates to code. I like
               | implementing it with my own hands. Substitute that with
               | writing prompts and I'll look for a different career
               | thats actually fun.
        
         | qingcharles wrote:
         | These platforms all feel like they are being massively
         | subsidized right now. I'm hoping that continues and they just
         | burn investor cash in a race to the bottom.
        
       | visarga wrote:
       | We move up, down or sideways on the stack. That's the outcome.
       | Not necessarily bad. It requires soul searching to find out new
       | place.
        
       | mjburgess wrote:
       | All articles of this class, whether positive or negative, begin
       | "I was working on a hobby project" or some variation thereof.
       | 
       | The purpose of hobbies is to be a hobby, archetypical tech
       | projects are about self-mastery. You cannot improve your mastery
       | with a "tool" that robs you of most of the minor and major
       | creative and technical decisions of the task. Building IKEA
       | furniture will not make you a better carpenter.
       | 
       | Why be a better carpenter? Because software engineering is not
       | about hobby projects. It's about research and development at the
       | fringes of a business (, orgs, projects...) requirements -- to
       | evolve their software towards solving them.
       | 
       | Carpentry ("programming craft") will always (modulo 100+ years)
       | be essential here. Powertools do not reduce the essential craft,
       | they increase the "time to craft being required" -- they mean we
       | run into walls of required expertise _faster_.
       | 
       | AI as applied to non-hobby projects -- R&D programming in the
       | large -- where requirements aren't specified already as prior art
       | programs (of func & non-func variety, etc.) ---- just
       | _accelerates_ the time to hitting the wall where you 're going to
       | shoot yourself in the foot if you're not an expert.
       | 
       | I have not seen a single take by an experienced software engineer
       | have a "sky is falling" take, ie., those operating at typical "in
       | the large" programming scales, in typical R&D projects (revision
       | to legacy, or greenfield -- just reqs are new).
        
         | mnky9800n wrote:
         | I think it also misses the way you can automate non-trivial
         | tasks. For example, I am working on a project where there is
         | tens of thousands of different data sets each with their own
         | meta data and structure but the underlying data is mostly the
         | same. But because the meta data and structure are all
         | different, it's really impossible to combine all this data into
         | one big data set without a team of engineers going through each
         | data set and meticulously restructuring and conforming said
         | metadata to a new monolithic schema. However I don't have any
         | money to hire that team of engineers. But I can massage LLMs to
         | do that work for me. These are ideal tasks for AI type
         | algorithms to solve. It makes me quite excited for the future
         | as many of these kind of tasks could be given to ai agents that
         | would otherwise be impossible to do yourself.
        
           | MattJ100 wrote:
           | I agree, but only for situations where the probabilistic
           | nature is acceptable. It would be the same if you had a large
           | team of humans doing the same work. Inevitably
           | misclassifications would occur on an ongoing basis.
           | 
           | Compare this to the situation where you have a team develop
           | schemas for your datasets which can be tested and verified,
           | and fixed in the event of errors. You can't really "fix" an
           | LLM or human agent in that way.
           | 
           | So I feel like traditionally computing excelled at many tasks
           | that humans couldn't do - computers are crazy fast and don't
           | make mistakes, as a rule. LLMs remove this speed and
           | accuracy, becoming something more like scalable humans (their
           | "intelligence" is debateable, but possibly a moving target -
           | I've yet to see an LLM that I would trust more than a very
           | junior developer). LLMs (and ML generally) will always have
           | higher error margins, it's how they can do what they do.
        
             | mnky9800n wrote:
             | Yes but i see it as multiple steps. Like perhaps the llm
             | solution has some probabilistic issues that only get you
             | 80% of the way there. But that probably already has given
             | you some ideas how to better solve the problem. And this
             | case the problem is somewhat intractable because of the
             | size and complexity of the way the data is stored. So like
             | in my example the first step is LLMs but the second step
             | would be to use what they do as structure for building a
             | deterministic pipeline. This is because the problem isn't
             | that there are ten thousand different meta data, but that
             | the structure of those metadata are diffuse. The llm
             | solution will first help identify the main points of what
             | needs to be conformed to the monolithic schema. Then I will
             | build more production ready and deterministic pipelines. At
             | least that is the plan. I'll write a substack about it
             | eventually if this plan works haha.
        
           | xg15 wrote:
           | I'm reminded of the game Factorio: Essentially the entire
           | game loop is "Do a thing manually, then automate it, then do
           | the higher-level thing the automation enables you to do
           | manually, then automate _that_ , etc etc"
           | 
           | So if you want to translate that, there is value in doing a
           | processing step manually to learn how it works - but when you
           | understood that, automation can actually benefit you, because
           | only then are you even able to do larger, higher-level
           | processing steps "manually", that would take an infeasible
           | amount of time and energy otherwise.
           | 
           | Where I'd agree though is that you should never lose the
           | basic understanding and transparency of the lower-level steps
           | if you can avoid that in any way.
        
         | fhd2 wrote:
         | > I have not seen a single take by an experienced software
         | engineer have a "sky is falling" take,
         | 
         | Let me save everybody some time:
         | 
         | 1. They're not saying it because they don't want to think of
         | themselves as obsolete.
         | 
         | 2. You're not using AI right, programmers who do will take your
         | job.
         | 
         | 3. What model/version/prompt did you use? Works For Me.
         | 
         | But seriously: It does not matter _that_ much what experienced
         | engineers think. If the end result looks good enough for laymen
         | and there's no short term negative outcomes, the most idiotic
         | things can build up steam for a long time. There is usually an
         | inevitable correction, but it can take decades. I personally
         | accept that, the world is a bit mad sometimes, but we deal with
         | it.
         | 
         | My personal opinion is pretty chill: I don't know if what I can
         | do will still be needed n years from now. It might be that I
         | need to change my approach, learn something new, or whatever.
         | But I don't spend all that much time worrying about what was,
         | or what will be. I have problems to solve right now, and I
         | solve them with the best options available to me right now.
         | 
         | People spending their days solving problems probably generally
         | don't have much time to create science fiction.
        
           | mjburgess wrote:
           | > You're not using AI right
           | 
           | I use AI heavily, it's my field.
        
             | fhd2 wrote:
             | The part before "But seriously" was sarcasm. I find it very
             | odd to assume that a professional developer (even if it's
             | not what they would describe as their field) is using it
             | wrong. But it's a pretty standard reply to measured
             | comments about LLMs.
        
               | roenxi wrote:
               | > I find it very odd to assume that a professional
               | developer (even if it's not what they would describe as
               | their field) is using it wrong.
               | 
               | They're encountering a type of tool they haven't met
               | before and haven't been trained to use. The default
               | assumption is they are probably using it wrong. There
               | isn't any reason to assume they're using it right - doing
               | things wrong is the default state of humans.
        
         | skerit wrote:
         | I've used Claude-Code & Roo-Code plenty of times with my hobby
         | projects.
         | 
         | I understand what the article means, but sometimes I've got the
         | broad scopes of a feature in my head, and I just want it to
         | work. Sometimes programming isn't like "solving a puzzle",
         | sometimes it's just a huge grind. And if I can let an LLM do it
         | 10 times faster, I'm quite happy with that.
         | 
         | I've always had to fix up the code one way or another though.
         | And most of the times, the code is quite bad (even from Claude
         | Sonnet 3.7 or Gemini Pro 2.5), but it _did_ point me in the
         | right direction.
         | 
         | About the cost: I'm only using Gemini Pro 2.5 Experimental the
         | past few weeks. I get to retry things so many times for free,
         | it's great. But if I had to actually pay for all the millions
         | upon millions of used tokens, it would have cost me *a lot* of
         | money, and I don't want to pay that. (Though I think token
         | usage can be improved a lot, tools like Roo-Code seem very
         | wasteful on that front)
        
       | hedgew wrote:
       | >Why bother playing when I knew there was an easier way to win?
       | This is the exact same feeling I'm left with after a few days of
       | using Claude Code. I don't enjoy using the tool as much as I
       | enjoy writing code.
       | 
       | My experience has been the opposite. I've enjoyed working on
       | hobby projects more than ever, because so many of the boring and
       | often blocking aspects of programming are sped up. You get to
       | focus more on higher level choices and overall design and code
       | quality, rather than searching specific usages of libraries or
       | applying other minutiae. Learning is accelerated and the loop of
       | making choices and seeing code generated for them, is a bit
       | addictive.
       | 
       | I'm mostly worried that it might not take long for me to be a
       | hindrance in the loop more than anything. For now I still have
       | better overall design sense than AI, but it's already much better
       | than I am at producing code for many common tasks. If AI develops
       | more overall insight and sense, and the ability to handle larger
       | code bases, it's not hard to imagine a world where I no longer
       | even look at or know what code is written.
        
         | siffin wrote:
         | Everyone has different objective and subjective experiences,
         | and I suspect some form of selection will promote those who
         | more often feel excited and relieved by using AI than those who
         | feel it more often a negative, like it challenges some core
         | aspect of self.
         | 
         | It might challenge us, and maybe those of us who feel
         | challenged in that way need to rise to it, for there are always
         | harder problems to solve
         | 
         | If this new tool seems to make things so easy it's like
         | "cheating", then make the game harder. Can't cheat reality.
        
           | palata wrote:
           | Without AI, I have been in a company where the general
           | mentality was to "ship bad software but quickly". Without
           | going into the debate of whether it was profitable in the
           | long term or not (spoiler: it was not), my problem was the
           | following:
           | 
           | I would try to build something "good" (not "perfect", just
           | "good", like modular or future-proof or just not downright
           | malpractice). But while I was doing this, others would build
           | crap. They would do it so fast I couldn't keep up. So they
           | would "solve" the problems much faster. Except that over the
           | years, they just accumulated legacy and had to redo stuff
           | over and over again (at some point you can't throw crap on
           | top of crap, so you just rebuild from scratch and start with
           | new crap, right?).
           | 
           | All that to say, I don't think that AIs will help with that.
           | If anything, AIs will help more people behave like this and
           | produce a lot of crap very quickly.
        
       | anovikov wrote:
       | I can't see why it's a bitter prediction. It's an observation
       | from all my life that boring, mind-numbing but high impact work
       | makes the best money. Now smart people go into coding because
       | it's a thrill, they enjoy doing it for the sake of it. Once this
       | is no longer the case, these people will be out, and competition
       | will become lower and there will be easier bucks to make.
        
       | M4v3R wrote:
       | To me it's the exact opposite. I was writing code for the past
       | 20+ years and I recently realized it's not the act of writing
       | code I love, but the act of creating something from nothing. Over
       | the past few months I wrote two non-trivial utility apps that
       | otherwise I would most probably not write because I didn't have
       | enough time to do that, but Cursor + Claude gave me the 5x
       | productivity boost that enabled me to do so, and I really enjoyed
       | doing that.
       | 
       | My only gripe is that the models are still pretty slow, and that
       | discourages iteration and experimentation. I can't wait for the
       | day a Claude 3.5 grade model with 1000 tok/s speed releases, this
       | will be a total game changer for me. Gemini 2.5 recently came
       | closer, but it's still not there.
        
         | nu11ptr wrote:
         | I've kinda hit the same place. I thought I loved writing code,
         | but I so often start projects and don't finish once the
         | excitement of writing all the code wears off. I'm realizing it
         | is designing and architecting that I love, and seeing that get
         | built, not writing every line of code. I also am enjoying AI as
         | my velocity has solidly improved.
         | 
         | Another area I find very helpful is when I need to use the same
         | technique in my code as someone from another language. No
         | longer do I need to spend hours figuring out how they did it. I
         | just ask an AI and have them explain it to me and then often
         | simply translate the code.
        
         | float4 wrote:
         | For me it's a bit of both. I'm working on exciting energy
         | software with people who have deep knowledge of the sector but
         | only semi-decent software knowledge. Nearly every day I'm
         | reviewing some shitty PR comprised of awful, ugly code that
         | somehow mostly works.
         | 
         | The product itself is exciting and solves a very real problem,
         | and we have many customers who want to use it and pay for it.
         | But damn, it hurts my soul knowing what goes on under the hood.
        
           | selimthegrim wrote:
           | Are you guys hiring by any chance?
        
         | hsuduebc2 wrote:
         | Same here. I do not usually enjoy programming as an craft but
         | the act of building something is what is loveable experience.
        
           | skerit wrote:
           | The challenge I often face is having an entire _mental model_
           | of what I want to build already crystallized in my head, but
           | then the realization that it will take hours of coding to
           | actually convert that to code... That can be incredibly
           | demotivating.
        
             | qingcharles wrote:
             | Exactly. It's even hard to get started sometimes.
             | 
             | AI coding has removed the drudgery for me. It made coding
             | 10X more enjoyable.
        
       | gitfan86 wrote:
       | I'm not following the logic here. There are tons of free tier AI
       | products available. That makes the world more fair for people in
       | very poor countries not less.
        
         | ben_w wrote:
         | Lots of models are free, and useful even, but the best ones are
         | not.
         | 
         | I'm not sure how much RAM is on the average smartphone owned by
         | someone earning $5/day*, but it's absolutely not going to be
         | the _half a terabyte_ needed for the larger models whose
         | weights you can just download.
         | 
         | It will change, but I don't know how fast.
         | 
         | * I kinda expect that to be around the threshold where they
         | will actually _have_ a smartphone, even though the number of
         | smartphones in the world is greater than the number of people
        
       | Kiro wrote:
       | AI has made me love programming again. I can finally focus on the
       | creative parts only.
        
         | falcor84 wrote:
         | I'm possibly doing it wrong, but that hasn't quite been my
         | experience. While with vibe coding I do still get to express my
         | creativity, my biggest role in this creative partnership still
         | seems to be copy and pasting console error messages and
         | screenshots back to the LLM.
        
       | cardanome wrote:
       | A relative known youtuber called the primeagen has recently done
       | a challenge sponsored by Cursor themselves where he and some
       | friends would "vibe code" a game in a week. The results were
       | pretty underwhelming. They would have been much faster not using
       | generative Ai.
       | 
       | Compared what you see from game jams where sometimes solo devs
       | create whole games in just a few days it was pretty trash.
       | 
       | It also tracks with my own experience. Yes, cursor quickly helps
       | me get the first 80% done but then I spent so much time cleaning
       | after it that I have barely saved any time in total.
       | 
       | For personal projects where you don't care about code quality I
       | can see it as a great tool. If you actual have professional
       | standards, no. (Except maybe for unit tests, I hate writing those
       | by hand.)
       | 
       | Most of the current limitation CAN be solved by throwing even
       | more compute at it. Absolutely. The question is will it
       | economically make sense? Maybe if fusion becomes viable some day
       | but currently with the end of fossil fuels and climate change? Is
       | generative Ai worth destroying our planet for?
       | 
       | At some point the energy consumption of generative AI might get
       | so high and expensive that you might be better off just letting
       | humans do the work.
        
         | sigmoid10 wrote:
         | I feel most people drastically underestimate game dev. The
         | programming aspect is only one tiny part of it and even there
         | it goes so wide (from in-game logic to rendering to physics)
         | that it's near impossible for people who are not really deep
         | into it to have a clue what is happening. And even if you
         | manage to vibe-code your way through it, your game will still
         | suck unless you have good assets - which means textures,
         | models, animations, sounds, FX... you get it. Developing a high
         | quality game is sort of the ultimate test for AI and if it
         | achieves it on a scale beyond game jams we might as well accept
         | that we have reached artificial superintelligence.
        
         | dinfinity wrote:
         | To be fair, the whole "vibe coding" thing is really _really_
         | new stuff. It will undoubtedly take some time to optimize how
         | to actually effectively do it.
         | 
         | Recently, we've seen a lot of a shift in insight into not just
         | diving straight into implementation, but actually spending time
         | on careful specification, discussion and documentation either
         | with or without an AI assistant _before_ setting it loose to
         | implement stuff.
         | 
         | For large, existing codebases, I sincerely believe that the
         | biggest improvements lie in using MCP and proper instructions
         | to connect the AI assistants to spec and documentation. For new
         | projects I would put pretty much all of that directly into the
         | repos.
        
       | exfalso wrote:
       | I'm more and more confident I must be doing something wrong. I
       | (re)tried using Claude about a month ago and I simply stopped
       | using it after about two weeks because on one hand productivity
       | did not increase(perhaps even decreased), but on the other hand
       | it made me angry because of the time wasted on its mistakes. I
       | was also mostly using it on Rust code, so I'm even more surprised
       | about the article. What am I doing wrong? I've been mostly using
       | the chat functionality and auto-complete, is there some kind of
       | secret feature I'm missing?
        
         | creata wrote:
         | I'd love to watch a video of someone using these tools well,
         | because I am _not_ getting much out of it. They save some time,
         | sometimes, but they 're nowhere near the 5x boost that some
         | people claim.
        
           | qingcharles wrote:
           | I don't know what everyone is doing. Mine is like a 10X-100X
           | force multiplier. I enjoy coding enormously more now that all
           | the drudgery is removed.
           | 
           | And I might not be the best coder, by far, but I've got over
           | 40 years experience at this crap in practically every
           | language going.
        
           | fragmede wrote:
           | https://youtu.be/5k2-NOh2tk0
           | 
           | We can quibble about the exact number; 1.2x vs 5x vs 10x, but
           | there's clearly something there.
        
       | jwblackwell wrote:
       | The author is essentially arguing that fewer people will be able
       | to build software in the future.
       | 
       | That's the opposite of what's happened over the past year or two.
       | Now many more non-technical people can (and are) building
       | software.
        
         | wobfan wrote:
         | No, he never states this and is not true.
         | 
         | The author tell his experience regarding his joy programming
         | things and figuring stuff out. In the end he says that AI made
         | him lose this joy, and he compares it to cheating in a game. He
         | does not say one word about societal impact and or the amount
         | of engineers in the future, it's what you interpreted yourself.
        
           | jwblackwell wrote:
           | " In some countries, more than 90% of the population lives on
           | less than $5 per day. If agentic AI code generation becomes
           | the most effective way to write high-quality code, this will
           | create a massive barrier to entry"
        
             | wobfan wrote:
             | > The author is essentially arguing that fewer people will
             | be able to build software in the future.
             | 
             | You comment is talking about ability to build software, vs.
             | the article (in only a single sentence that references this
             | topic, while the other 99% circles around something else)
             | talks about the job market situation. If what you wanted so
             | say "The author is arguing that people will probably have a
             | harder time getting a job in software development", that
             | would have been correct.
             | 
             | > That's the opposite of what's happened over the past year
             | or two. Now many more non-technical people can (and are)
             | building software.
             | 
             | You're (based on the new comment) explicitly saying that
             | people without technical knowledge are getting jobs in
             | software development sector. Where did you get that info
             | from? Would be an interesting read for sure, if it's
             | actually true.
        
         | walleeee wrote:
         | > The author is essentially arguing that fewer people will be
         | able to build software in the future.
         | 
         | Setting aside the fact that the author nowhere says this, it
         | may in fact be plausible.
         | 
         | > That's the opposite of what's happened over the past year or
         | two. Now many more non-technical people can (and are) building
         | software.
         | 
         | Meanwhile half[0] the students supposed to be learning to build
         | software in university will fail to learn something important
         | because they asked Claude instead of thinking about it. (Or all
         | the students using llms will fail to learn something half the
         | time, etc.)
         | 
         | [0]: https://www.anthropic.com/news/anthropic-education-report-
         | ho...
         | 
         | > That said, nearly half (~47%) of student-AI conversations
         | were Direct--that is, seeking answers or content with minimal
         | engagement.
        
       | IshKebab wrote:
       | > Not only that, the generated code was high-quality, efficient,
       | and conformed to my coding guidelines. It routinely "checked its
       | work" by running unit tests to eliminate hallucinations and bugs.
       | 
       | This seems completely out of whack with my experience of AI
       | coding. I'm definitely in the "it's extremely useful" camp but
       | there's no way I would describe its code as high quality and
       | efficient. It can do simple tasks but it often gets things just
       | completely wrong, or takes a noob-level approach (e.g. O(N)
       | instead of O(1)).
       | 
       | Is there some trick to this that I don't know? Because personally
       | I would love it if AI could do some of the grunt work for me. I
       | do enjoy programming but not _all_ programming.
        
         | joelthelion wrote:
         | Which model and tool are you using? There's a whole spectrum of
         | AI-assisted coding.
        
           | IshKebab wrote:
           | ChatGPT, Claude (both through the website), and Github
           | Copilot (paid if it makes any difference).
        
             | joelthelion wrote:
             | Try Aider with Gemini 2.5.
        
             | qingcharles wrote:
             | I use the same with a sprinkling of Gemini 2.5 and Grok3.
             | 
             | I find it they all make errors, but 95% of them I spot
             | immediately by eye and either correct manually or reroll
             | through prompting.
             | 
             | The error rate has gone down in the last 6 months, though,
             | and the efficiency of the C# code I mostly generate has
             | gone up by an order of magnitude. I would rarely produce
             | code that is more efficient than what AI produces now. (I
             | have a prompt though that tells it to use all the latest
             | platform advances and to search the web first for the
             | latest updates that will increase the efficiency and size
             | of the code)
        
       | pornel wrote:
       | AI will be cheap to run.
       | 
       | The hardware for AI is getting cheaper and more efficient, and
       | the models are getting less wasteful too.
       | 
       | Just a few years ago GPT-3.5 used to be a secret sauce running on
       | the most expensive GPU racks, and now models beating it are
       | available with open weights and run on high end consumer
       | hardware. Few iterations down the line good-enough models will
       | run on average hardware.
       | 
       | When that Xcom game came out, filmmaking, 3D graphics, and
       | machine learning required super expensive hardware out of reach
       | of most people. Now you can find objectively better hardware
       | literally in the trash.
        
         | cardanome wrote:
         | I wouldn't be so optimistic.
         | 
         | Moore's law is withering away due to physical limitations.
         | Energy prices go up because of the end of fossil fuels and
         | rising climate change costs. Furthermore the global supply
         | chain is under attack by rising geopolitical tension.
         | 
         | Depending on US tariffs and how the Taiwan situation plays out
         | and many other risks, it might be that compute will get MORE
         | expensive in the future.
         | 
         | While there is room for optimization on the generative AI front
         | we are still have not even reached the point were generative AI
         | is actually good at programming. We have promising toys but for
         | real productivity we need orders of magnitude bigger models.
         | Just look how ChatGPT 4.5 is barely economically viable already
         | with its price per token.
         | 
         | Sure if humanity survives long enough to widely employ fusion
         | energy, it might become practical and cheap again but that will
         | be a long and rocky road.
        
           | pornel wrote:
           | LLMs on GPUs have a lot of computational inefficiencies and
           | untapped parallelism. GPUs have been designed for more
           | diverse workloads with much smaller working sets. LLM
           | inference is _ridiculously_ DRAM-bound. We currently have
           | 10x-200x too much compute available compared to the DRAM
           | bandwidth required. Even without improvements in transistors
           | we can get more efficient hardware for LLMs.
           | 
           | The way we use LLMs is also primitive and inefficient. RAG is
           | a hack, and in most LLM architectures the RAM cost grows
           | quadratically with the context length, in a workload that is
           | already DRAM-bound, on a hardware that already doesn't have
           | enough RAM.
           | 
           | > Depending on US tariffs [...] end of fossil fuels [...]
           | global supply chain
           | 
           | It does look pretty bleak for the US.
           | 
           | OTOH China is rolling out more than a gigawatt of renewables
           | a day, has the largest and fastest growing HVDC grid, a
           | dominant position in battery and solar production, and all
           | the supply chains. With the US going back to mercantilism and
           | isolationism, China is going to have Taiwan too.
        
           | jamil7 wrote:
           | I think there's a huge amount of inefficiency all the way
           | through the software stack due to decades of cheap energy and
           | rapidly improving hardware. I would expect with hardware and
           | energy constraints that we will need to look for deeper
           | optimisations in software.
        
           | joshjob42 wrote:
           | Costs for a given amount of intelligence as measured by
           | various benchmarks etc has been falling by 4-8x per year for
           | a couple years, largely from smarter models from better
           | training at a given size. I think there's still a decent
           | amount of headroom there, and as others have mentioned
           | dedicated inference chips are likely to be significantly
           | cheaper than running inference on GPUs. I would expect to see
           | Gemini Pro 2.5 levels of capability in models that cost
           | <$1/Mtok by late next year or plausibly sooner.
        
       | frognumber wrote:
       | I may be old, but I had the same feeling for low-level code. I
       | enjoyed doing things like optimizing a low-level loop in C or
       | assembly, bootstrapping a microcontroller, or writing code for a
       | processor which didn't have a compiler yet. Even in BASIC, I
       | enjoyed PEEKing and POKE'ing. I enjoyed opening up a file system
       | in a binary editor. I enjoyed optimizing how my computer draws a
       | line.
       | 
       | All this went away. I felt a loss of joy and nostalgia for it. It
       | was bitter.
       | 
       | Not bad, but bitter.
        
       | coolThingsFirst wrote:
       | Still think amazement of ai tools as harsh as it sounds signals
       | incompetence of the user. They are useful don't get me wrong but
       | just today Claude wrote code that literally wouldnt run.
       | 
       | Thought it's ok to use new for object literal in JS.
        
       | zkmon wrote:
       | It's not true that coding would no longer be fun because of AI.
       | Arithmetic did not stop being fun because of calculators. Travel
       | did not stop being fun because of cars and planes. Life did not
       | stop being fun because of lack of old challenges.
       | 
       | New challenges would come up. If calculators made the arithmetic
       | easy, math challenges move to next higher level. If AI does all
       | the thinking and creativity, human would move to next level. That
       | level could be some menial work which AI can't touch. For
       | example, navigating the complexities of legacy systems and
       | workflows and human interactions needed to keep things working.
        
         | fire_lake wrote:
         | > For example, navigating the complexities of legacy systems
         | and workflows and human interactions needed to keep things
         | working.
         | 
         | Well this sounds delightful! Glad to be free of the thinking
         | and creativity!
        
           | mckn1ght wrote:
           | When you're churning out many times more code per unit time,
           | you had better think good and hard about how to organize it.
           | 
           | Everyone wanted to be an architect. Well, here's our chance!
        
         | wizzwizz4 wrote:
         | I find legacy systems fun because you're looking at an artefact
         | built over the years _by people_. I can get a _lot_ of insight
         | into how a system 's design and requirements changed over time,
         | by studying legacy code. All of that will be lost, drowned in
         | machine-generated slop, if next decade's legacy code comes out
         | the backside of a language model.
        
           | eMPee584 wrote:
           | thanks to git repositories stored away in arctic tunnels our
           | common legacy code heritage might outlast most other human
           | artifacts.. (unless ASI choses to erase that of course)
        
           | mckn1ght wrote:
           | That's fine if you find that fun, but legacy archeology is a
           | means to an end, not an end itself.
        
             | wizzwizz4 wrote:
             | Legacy archaeology in a 60MiB codebase _far_ easier than
             | digging through email archives, requirements docs, and old
             | PowerPoint files that Microsoft Office won 't even open
             | properly any more (though LibreOffice can, if you're
             | lucky). Handwritten code actually expresses something about
             | the requirements and design decisions, whereas AI slop
             | buries that signal in so much noise and makes "archaeology"
             | almost impossible.
             | 
             | When insight from a long-departed dev is needed _right now_
             | to explain why these rules work in this precise order, but
             | fail when the order is changed, do you have _time_ to git
             | bisect to get an approximate date, then start trawling
             | through chat logs in the hopes you 'll happen to find an
             | explanation?
        
               | mckn1ght wrote:
               | Code is code, yes it can be more or less spaghetti but if
               | it compiles at all, it can be refactored.
               | 
               | Having to dig through all that other crap is unfortunate.
               | Ideally you have tests that encapsulate the specs, which
               | are then also code. And help with said refactors.
        
               | wizzwizz4 wrote:
               | We had enough tests to know that no other rule
               | configuration worked. Heck, we had _mathematical proof_
               | (and a small pile of other documentation too obsolete or
               | cryptic to be of use), and still, the only thing that
               | saved the project was noticing different stylistic
               | conventions in different parts of the source, allowing
               | the minor monolith to be broken down into  "this is the
               | core logic" and "these are the parts of a separate
               | feature that had to be weaved into the core logic to
               | avoid a circular dependency somewhere else", and
               | _finally_ letting us see enough of the design to make
               | some sense out of the cryptic documentation. (Turns out
               | the XML held metadata auxiliary to the core logic, but
               | vital to the higher-level interactive system, the
               | proprietary binary encoding was largely a compression
               | scheme to avoid slowing down the core logic, and the
               | system _was_ actually 8-bit-clean from the start - but
               | used its own character encoding instead of UTF-8, because
               | it used to talk to systems that weren 't.)
               | 
               | Test-driven development doesn't actually work. No
               | paradigm does. Fundamentally, it all boils down to
               | communication: and generative AI systems essentially
               | strip away all the "non-verbal" communication channels,
               | replacing them with the subtext equivalent of line noise.
               | I have yet to work with anyone good enough at
               | communicating that I can do without the side-channels.
        
               | mckn1ght wrote:
               | > generative AI systems essentially strip away all the
               | "non-verbal" communication channels
               | 
               | This is a human problem, not a technological one.
               | 
               | You can still have all your aforementioned broken
               | powerpoints etc and use AI to help write code you
               | would've previously written simply by hand.
               | 
               | If your processes are broken enough to create
               | unmaintainable software, they will do so regardless of
               | how code pops into existence. AI just speeds it up either
               | way.
        
               | wizzwizz4 wrote:
               | The software _wasn 't_ unmaintainable. The PowerPoints
               | etc were artefacts of a time when everyone involved
               | understood some _implicit context_ , within which the
               | documentation was clear (not cryptic) and current (not
               | obsolete). The only traces of that context _we_ had,
               | outside the documentation, were minor decisions made
               | while writing the program:  "what mindset makes this
               | choice more likely?", "in what directions was this
               | originally designed to extend?", etc.
               | 
               | Personally, I'm in the "you shouldn't leave vital context
               | implicit" camp; but in this case, the software was
               | originally written by "if I don't already have a
               | doctorate, I need only request one" domain experts, and
               | you would need an entire book to provide that context. We
               | actually _had_ a half-finished attempt - 12 names on the
               | title page, a little over 200 pages long - and it
               | _helped_ , but chapter 3 was an introduction-for-people-
               | who-already-know-the-topic (somehow more obscure than the
               | context-free PowerPoints, though at least it helped us
               | decode _those_ ), chapter 4 just had "TODO" on every
               | chapter heading, and chapter 5 got _almost_ to the bits
               | we needed before trailing off with  "TODO: this is hard
               | to explain because" notes. (We're _pretty_ sure they
               | discussed this in more detail over email, but we didn 't
               | find it. Frankly, it's lucky we have the half-finished
               | book at all.)
               | 
               | AI slop lacks this context. If the software had been
               | written using genAI, there wouldn't have been the
               | stylistic consistency to tell us we were on the right
               | track. There wouldn't have been the conspicuous gap in
               | naming, elevating "the current system didn't need that
               | helper function, so they never wrote it" to a favoured
               | hypothesis, allowing us to identify the only possible
               | meaning of one of the words in chapter 3, and thereby
               | learn _why_ one of those rules we were investigating was
               | chosen. (The helper function would 've been meaningless
               | at the time, although it _does_ mean something in the
               | context of a newer abstraction.) We wouldn 't have been
               | able to used a piece of debugging code from chapter 6
               | (modified to take advantage of the newer debug interface)
               | to walk through the various data structures, guessing at
               | which parts meant what using the abductive heuristic "we
               | know it's designed deliberately, so any bits that appear
               | redundant probably encode a meaning we don't yet
               | understand".
               | 
               | I am _very_ glad this system was written by humans. Sure,
               | maybe the software would 've been written faster (though
               | I doubt it), but we wouldn't have been able to understand
               | it after-the-fact. So we'd have had to throw it away,
               | rediscover the basic principles, and then rewrite more-
               | or-less the same software again - probably with errors. I
               | would bet a large portion of my savings that that
               | monstrosity is _correct_ - that if it doesn 't crash, it
               | _will_ produce the correct output - and I wouldn 't be
               | willing to bet that on anything we threw together as a
               | replacement. (Yes, _I_ want to rewrite the thing, but
               | that 's not a reasoned decision based on the software:
               | it's a character trait.)
        
               | mckn1ght wrote:
               | I guess I just categorically disagree that a codebase is
               | impossible to understand without "sufficient" additional
               | context. And I think you ascribe too much order to
               | software written by humans that can exist in quite varied
               | groups wrt ability, experience, style, and care.
        
               | wizzwizz4 wrote:
               | It was easy to understand what the code was instructing
               | the computer to do. It was harder to understand what that
               | _meant_ , _why_ it was happening, and how to change it.
               | 
               | A program to calculate payroll might be easy to
               | understand, but unless you understand enough about
               | finance and tax law, you can't successfully modify it.
               | Same with an audio processing pipeline: you know it's
               | doing something with Fourier transforms, because that's
               | what the variable names say, but try to tweak those
               | numbers and you'll _probably_ destroy the sound quality.
               | Or a pseudo-random number generator: modify _that_
               | without understanding how it works, and even if your
               | change _feels_ better, you might completely break it.
               | (See
               | https://roadrunnerwmc.github.io/blog/2020/05/08/nsmb-
               | rng.htm..., or
               | https://redirect.invidious.io/watch?v=NUPpvoFdiUQ if you
               | want a few more clips.)
               | 
               | I've worked with codebases written by people with
               | _varying_ skillsets, and the only occasions where I 've
               | been confused by the subtext have been when the code was
               | plagiarised.
        
               | Ekaros wrote:
               | Makes me think that the actual horrific solution here is
               | that every single prompt and output ever made while
               | developing must be logged and stored. As that might be
               | only documentation that exist for what was made.
               | 
               | Actually really thinking, if I was running company
               | allowing or promoting AI use that would be first
               | priority. Whatever is prompted, must be stored forever.
        
           | ThrowawayR2 wrote:
           | > " _All of that will be lost, drowned in machine-generated
           | slop, if next decade 's legacy code comes out the backside of
           | a language model._"
           | 
           | The fun part though is that future coding LLMs will
           | eventually be poisoned by ingesting past LLM generated slop
           | code if unrestricted. The most valuable code bases to improve
           | LLM quality in the future will be the ones written by humans
           | with high quality coding skills that are not reliant or
           | minimally reliant on LLMs, making the humans who write them
           | more valuable.
           | 
           | Think about it: A new, even better programming language is
           | created like Sapphire on Skates or whatever. How does a LLM
           | know how to output high quality idiomatically correct code
           | for that hot new language? The answer is that _it doesn't_.
           | Not until 1) somebody writes good code for that language for
           | the LLM to absorb and 2) in a large enough quantity for
           | patterns to emerge that the LLM can reliably identify as
           | idiomatic.
           | 
           | It'll be pretty much like the end of Asimov's "Feeling of
           | Power" (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Feeling_of_Power)
           | or his almost exactly LLM relevant novella "Profession" (
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Profession_(novella) ).
        
         | keybored wrote:
         | > New challenges would come up. If calculators made the
         | arithmetic easy, math challenges move to next higher level. If
         | AI does all the thinking and creativity, human would move to
         | next level. That level could be some menial work which AI can't
         | touch. For example, navigating the complexities of legacy
         | systems and workflows and human interactions needed to keep
         | things working.
         | 
         | You're gonna work on captcha puzzles and you're gonna like it.
        
       | BrenBarn wrote:
       | The idea of "breaking the game" here is similar to that expressed
       | in this other recent post:
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43650656 . The focus here is
       | a bit different though.
       | 
       | > It makes economic sense, and capitalism is not sentimental.
       | 
       | I find this kind of fatalism irritating. If capitalism isn't
       | doing what we as humans want it to do, we can change it.
        
       | whiplash451 wrote:
       | The thing is: the industry does not need people who are good at
       | (or enjoy) programming, it needs people who are good at ( _and_
       | enjoy) generating value for customers through code.
       | 
       | So the OP was in a bad place without Claude anyways (in industry
       | at least).
       | 
       | This realization is the true bitter one for many engineers.
        
         | jannesan wrote:
         | That's a good point. I do think there still is some space to
         | focus on just the coding as an engineer, but with AI the space
         | is getting smaller.
        
         | xg15 wrote:
         | > _generating value for customers through code._
         | 
         | Generating value for the _shareholders and /or investors_, not
         | the customers. I suspect this is the next bitter lesson for
         | developers.
        
           | keybored wrote:
           | Yes, there you go. The users are just a propaganda proxy.
           | 
           | The bitter lesson is that making profit is the only
           | directive.
        
             | disgruntledphd2 wrote:
             | I find it odd that this was ever forgotten.
        
               | xen2xen1 wrote:
               | People like to see everything as self expression. In
               | reality, a job is a job, and you're there to make money
               | for someone else.
        
           | whiplash451 wrote:
           | Investors don't make money if the customers don't
        
         | blackbear_ wrote:
         | Productivity at work is well correlated with enjoyment of work,
         | so the industry better look for people who enjoy programming.
         | 
         | The realization that productive workers aren't just replaceable
         | cogs in the machine is also a bitter lesson for businessmen.
        
           | xg15 wrote:
           | I think the lifelong dream of many businesspeople is to
           | create the perfect "cog in the machine" or ideally run a
           | business without workers at all. (Tony Stark, Elon Musk's
           | role model, is a good example of that. As far as the movies
           | are concerned, he builds all his most important inventions
           | himself, or with the help of AI, no workers involved)
           | 
           | Independent of what AI can do today, I suspect this was a
           | reason why so many resources were poured into its development
           | in the first place. Because this was the ultimate vision
           | behind it.
        
             | eru wrote:
             | You say it like it's a bad thing.
        
               | npodbielski wrote:
               | Of course, humans are social beings if technology
               | 'allows' you to be antisocial, are you still being human?
        
           | constantcrying wrote:
           | >so the industry better look for people who enjoy programming
           | 
           | Why? Both AI and outsourcing provide a much cheaper way to
           | get programming done. Why would you pay someone 100k because
           | he likes doing what an AI or an Indian dev Team can do for
           | much cheaper?
        
         | constantcrying wrote:
         | Writing software will never again be a skill worth 100k a year.
         | 
         | I am sure Software developers are here to stay, but nobody who
         | just writes software is worth anywhere close to 100k a year.
         | Either AI or outsourcing is making sure of that.
        
       | whiplash451 wrote:
       | The author is doing the math the wrong way. For an extra $5/day,
       | a 3rd world country can now pay an engineer $20/day to do the job
       | of a junior engineer in a 1st world one.
       | 
       | The bitter lesson is going to be for junior engineers who see
       | less job offers and don't see consulting power houses eat their
       | lunch.
        
         | inerte wrote:
         | Yes, my thoughts at the end of the article. If the AI coding is
         | really good (or will be really, really good) you could give 6
         | figures salary + $5/d in OpenAI credits to a Bay Area
         | developer, OR you give $5/d salary + $5/d in OpenAI credits to
         | someone else from another country.
         | 
         | That's what happened to manufacturing after all.
        
           | fragmede wrote:
           | Thing is, manufacturing physical goods mean you have to
           | physically move them around. Digital goods don't have that
           | problem. Timezones are what's proving to be challenging
           | though.
        
       | xg15 wrote:
       | As far as hobby projects are concerned, I'd agree: A bit more
       | "thinking like your boss" could be helpful. You can now focus
       | more on _the things you want your project be able to do_ instead
       | of the specific details of its code structure. (In the end,
       | nothing keeps you from still manually writing /editing parts of
       | the code if you want some things specifically done in a certain
       | way. There are also projects where the code structure
       | legitimately _is_ the feature, I.e. if you want to explore some
       | new style of API or architecture design for its own sake)
       | 
       | The one part that I believe will still be essential is
       | _understanding_ the code. It 's one thing to use Claude as a
       | (self-driving) car, where you delegate the actual driving but
       | still understand the roads being taken. (Both for learning and
       | for validating that the route is in fact correct)
       | 
       | It's another thing to treat it like a teleporter, where you tell
       | it a destination and then are magically beamed to a location that
       | sort of looks like that destination, with no way to understand
       | how you got there or if this is really the right place.
        
       | xg15 wrote:
       | A question that came up in discussions recently and that I found
       | interesting: How will new APIs, libraries or tooling be
       | introduced in the future?
       | 
       | The models all have their specific innate knowledge of the
       | programming ecosystem from the point in time where their last
       | training data was collected. However, unlike humans, they cannot
       | update that knowledge unless a new finetuning is performed - and
       | even then, they can only learn about new libraries that are
       | already in widespread use.
       | 
       | So if everyone now shifts to Vibe Coding, will this now mean that
       | software ecosystems effectively become frozen? New libraries
       | cannot gain popularity because AIs won't use them in code and AIs
       | won't start to use them because they aren't popular.
        
         | benoau wrote:
         | I guess the counter-question is does it matter if nobody is
         | building tools optimized for humans, when humans aren't being
         | paid to write software?
         | 
         | I saw a submission earlier today that really illustrated
         | perfectly why AI is eating people who write code:
         | 
         | > You could spend a day debating your architecture: slices,
         | layers, shapes, vegetables, or smalltalk. You could spend
         | several days eliminating the biggest risks by building proofs-
         | of-concept to eliminate unknowns. You could spend a week
         | figuring out how you'll store, search, and cache data and which
         | third-party integrations you'll need.
         | 
         | $5k/person/week to have an informed opinion of how to store
         | your data! AI going to look at the billion times we already
         | asked these questions and make an instant decision and the
         | really, really important part is it doesn't really matter what
         | we choose anyway because there are _dozens of right answers_.
        
         | c7b wrote:
         | Not sure this is going to be a big issue practice. Tools like
         | ChatGPT regularly get new knowledge cutoffs and those seem to
         | work well in my experience. I haven't tested it with
         | programming features specifically, but you could simply do a
         | small experiment: take the tool of your choice and a
         | programming feature that was introduced after it first launched
         | and see whether you can get it to use it correctly.
        
         | mckn1ght wrote:
         | There will still be people who care to go deeper and learn what
         | an API is and how to design a good one. They will be able to
         | build the services and clients faster and go deeper using AI
         | code assistants.
         | 
         | And then, yes, you'll have the legions of vibe coders living in
         | Plato's cave and churning out tinker toys.
        
           | fragmede wrote:
           | That's it then isn't it? We are at the level where we're
           | making tinker toys. What is the tinker toy industry like?
           | Instead of expensive start up Google office. Do I at least
           | get a workshop in the back of the garden? How much does it
           | pay?
        
         | mike_hearn wrote:
         | It's not an issue. Claude routinely uses internal APIs and
         | frameworks on one of my projects that aren't public. The
         | context windows are big enough now that it can learn from a mix
         | of summarized docs and surrounding examples and get it nearly
         | right, nearly all the time.
         | 
         | There is an interesting aspect to this whereby there's maybe
         | more incentive to open source stuff now just to get usage
         | examples in the training set. But if context windows keep
         | expanding it may also just not matter.
         | 
         | The trick is to have good docs. If you don't then step one is
         | to work with the model to write some. It can then write its own
         | summaries based on what it found 'surprising' and those can be
         | loaded into the context when needed.
        
         | fragmede wrote:
         | > unless a new finetuning is performed
         | 
         | That's where we're at. The LLM needs to be told about the brand
         | new API by feeding it new docs, which just uses up tokens in
         | its context window.
        
       | DeathArrow wrote:
       | >Why bother playing when I knew there was an easier way to win?
       | 
       | >This is the exact same feeling I'm left with after a few days of
       | using Claude Code.
       | 
       | For me what matters is the end result, not the mere act of
       | writing code. What I enjoy is solving problems and building
       | stuff. Writing code is a part.
       | 
       | I would gladly use a tool to speed up that part.
       | 
       | But from my testing, unless the task is very simple and trivial,
       | using AI isn't always a walk in the park, simple and efficient.
        
       | DeathArrow wrote:
       | >Will programming eventually be relegated to a hobby?
       | 
       | I don't regard programming as merely the act of outputing code.
       | Planning, architecting, having a high level overview, keeping the
       | objective in focus also matters.
       | 
       | Even if we regard programming as just writing code, we have to
       | ask ourselves why we do it.
       | 
       | We plant cereals to be able to eat. At first we used some
       | primitive stone tools to dig the fields. Then we used bronze
       | tools, then iron tools. Then we employed horses to plough the
       | fields more efficiently. Then we used tractors.
       | 
       | Our goal was to eat, not to plough the fields.
       | 
       | Many objects are mass produced now while they were the craft of
       | the artisans centuries ago. We still have craftsmen who enjoy
       | doing things by hand and whose products command a big premium
       | over mass market products.
       | 
       | I don't have an issue if most of the code will be written by AI
       | tools, provided that code is efficient and does exactly what we
       | need. We will still have to manage and verify those tools, and to
       | do that we will still have to understand the whole stack from the
       | very bottom - digital gates and circuits to the highest
       | abstractions.
       | 
       | AI is just another tool in the toolbox. Some carpenters like to
       | use very simple hand tools while other swear by the most modern
       | ones like CNC.
        
       | kassner wrote:
       | > I've never been more productive
       | 
       | Maybe it's because my approach is much closer to a Product
       | Engineer than a Software Engineer, but code output is rarely the
       | reason why projects that I worked on are delayed. All my
       | productivity issues can attributed to poor specifications, or
       | problems that someone just threw over the wall. Every time I'm
       | blocked is because someone didn't make a decision on something,
       | or no one has thought further enough to see this decision was
       | needed.
       | 
       | It irks me so much when I see the managers of adjacent teams
       | pushing for AI coding tools when the only thing the developers
       | know about the project is what was written in the current JIRA
       | ticket.
        
         | pards wrote:
         | > code output is rarely the reason why projects that I worked
         | on are delayed
         | 
         | This is very true at large enterprises. The pre-coding tasks
         | [0] and the post-coding tasks [1] account for the majority of
         | elapsed time that it takes for a feature to go from inception
         | to production.
         | 
         | The theory of constraints says that optimizations made to a
         | step that's not the bottleneck will only make the actual
         | bottleneck worse.
         | 
         | AI is no match for a well-established bureaucracy.
         | 
         | [0]: architecture reviews, requirements gathering, story-
         | writing
         | 
         | [1]: infrastructure, multiple phases of testing, ops docs,
         | sign-offs
        
           | xen2xen1 wrote:
           | Interesting point, does that mean AI with favor startup or
           | startup like places? New tools often seem to favor less
           | established and smaller places.
        
           | mountainriver wrote:
           | Disagree it's normally the integration and alignment of
           | systems that takes a long time e.g. you are forced to use X
           | product but their missing a feature you need to wait on
        
         | inerte wrote:
         | aka https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No_Silver_Bullet
         | 
         | And it's also interesting to think that PMs are also using AI -
         | in my company for example we allow users to submit feedback,
         | then there's an AI summary report sent to PMs. Which them put
         | the report into ChatGPT with the organizational goals and the
         | key players and previous meeting transcripts, and then they ask
         | the AI to weave everything together into a PRD, or even a 10
         | slide presentation.
        
         | api wrote:
         | For most software jobs, knowing what to build is harder than
         | building it.
         | 
         | I'm working hard on building something right now that I've had
         | several false starts on, mostly because it's taken years for us
         | to totally get our heads around what to build. Code output
         | isn't the problem.
        
         | CM30 wrote:
         | Yeah, something like 95% of project issues are management and
         | planning issues, not programming or tech ones. So often
         | projects start out without anyone on the team researching the
         | original problem or what their users would actually need, then
         | hastily rejigging the whole thing to fix that midway through
         | development.
        
         | doug_durham wrote:
         | I agree with you that traditionally that is the bottleneck.
         | Think about why poor specifications are a problem. It's a
         | problem because software is so costly and time consuming to
         | create. Many times the stakeholders don't know that something
         | isn't right until they can actually use it. What if it takes
         | 50% less time to create code? Code becomes less precious.
         | Throwing away failed ideas isn't as big an issue. Of course it
         | is trivially easy to think of cases where this could also lead
         | to never shipping your code.
        
         | d0liver wrote:
         | I feel this. As a dev, most of my time is spent thinking and
         | asking questions.
        
       | 1oooqooq wrote:
       | my ai-pilled co worker committed some code using a promise with a
       | lambda that resolved it in a one liner, the parameter was called
       | resolve.
       | 
       | for some reason he also included a import for "resolve from dns".
       | 
       | (the code didn't even need a promise there)
        
       | palata wrote:
       | I tend to think about the average code review: who actually
       | catches tricky bugs? Who actually takes the time to _fully_
       | understand the code they review? And who likes it? My feeling is
       | that reviews are generally a  "skimming through the code and
       | checking that it looks ok from a distance".
       | 
       | At least we have one person who understands it in details: the
       | one who wrote it.
       | 
       | But with AI-generated code, it feels like nobody writes it
       | anymore: everybody reviews. Not only we don't like to review, but
       | we don't do it well. And if you want to review it thoroughly, you
       | may as well write it. Many open source maintainers will tell you
       | that many times, it's faster for them to write the code than to
       | review a PR from a stranger they don't trust.
        
       | weinzierl wrote:
       | _" But I predict software development will be a lot less fun in
       | the years to come, and that is a very bitter prediction in
       | deed."_
       | 
       | Most professional software development hasn't been fun for years,
       | mostly because of all the required ceremony around it. But it
       | doesn't matter, for your hobby projects you can do what you want
       | and it's up to you how much you let AI change that.
        
       | palata wrote:
       | The calculator made it less important to be relatively good with
       | arithmetic. Many people just cannot add or subtract two numbers
       | without one. And it feels like they lose _intuition_ , somehow:
       | if numbers don't "speak" to you at all, can you ever realize that
       | 17 is roughly a third of 50? The only way you realise it with a
       | calculator is if you actually look for it. Whereas if you can
       | count, it just appears to you.
       | 
       | Similar with GPS and navigation. When you read a map, you learn
       | how to localise yourself based on landmarks you see. You tend to
       | get an understanding of where you are, where you want to go and
       | how to go there. But if you follow the navigation system that
       | tells you "turn right", "continue straight", "turn right", then
       | again you lose _intuition_. I have seen people following their
       | navigation system around two blocks to finally end up right next
       | to where they started. The navigation system was inefficient, and
       | with some intuition they could have said  "oh actually it's right
       | behind us, this navigation is bad".
       | 
       | Back to coding: if you have a deep understanding of your
       | codebases and dependencies, you may end up finding that you could
       | actually extract some part of one codebase into a library and
       | reuse it in another codebase. Or that instead of writing a
       | complex task in your codebase, you could contribute a patch to a
       | dependency and it would make it much simpler (e.g. because the
       | dependency already has this logic internally and you could just
       | expose it instead of rewriting it). But it requires an
       | understanding of those dependencies: do you have access to their
       | code in the first place (either because they are open source or
       | belong to your company)?
       | 
       | Those AIs obviously help writing code. But do they help getting
       | an understanding of the codebase to the point where you build
       | intuition that can be leveraged to improve the project? Not sure.
       | 
       | Is it necessary, though? I don't think so: the tendency is that
       | software becomes more and more profitable by becoming worse and
       | worse. AI may just help writing more profitable worse code, but
       | faster. If we can screw the consumers faster and get more money
       | from them, that's a win, I guess.
        
         | nthingtohide wrote:
         | > Back to coding: if you have a deep understanding of your
         | codebases and dependencies, you may end up finding that you
         | could actually extract some part of one codebase into a library
         | and reuse it in another codebase.
         | 
         | I understand the point you are making. But what makes you think
         | refactoring won't be AI's forte. Maybe you could explicitly ask
         | for it. Maybe you could ask it to minify while being human-
         | understandable and that will achieve the refactoring objectives
         | you have in mind.
        
           | palata wrote:
           | I don't get why you're being downvoted here.
           | 
           | I don't know that AI won't be able to do that, just like I
           | don't know that AGI won't be a thing.
           | 
           | It just feels like it's harder to have the AI detect your
           | dependencies, maybe browse the web for the sources (?) and
           | offer to make a contribution upstream. Or would you envision
           | downloading all the sources of all the dependencies
           | (transitive included) and telling the AI where to find them?
           | And to give it access to all the private repositories of your
           | company?
           | 
           | And then, upstreaming something is a bit "strategic", I would
           | say: you have to be able to say "I think it makes sense to
           | have this logic in the dependency instead of in my project".
           | Not sure if AIs can do that at all.
           | 
           | To me, it feels like it's at the same level of abstraction as
           | something like "I will go with CMake because my coworkers are
           | familiar with it", or "I will use C++ instead of Rust because
           | the community in this field is bigger". Does an AI know that?
        
             | fragmede wrote:
             | With Google announcing that they'll let customers run
             | Gemini in their own datacenters, the privacy issue goes
             | away. I'd love it if there was an AI trained on my work's
             | proprietary code.
        
           | fallingknife wrote:
           | Perhaps it will, but right now I find it much better at
           | generating code from scratch than refactoring.
        
       | JKCalhoun wrote:
       | > In some countries, more than 90% of the population lives on
       | less than $5 per day. If agentic AI code generation becomes the
       | most effective way to write high-quality code, this will create a
       | massive barrier to entry ... Don't even get me started on the
       | green house gas emissions of data centers...
       | 
       | My (naive?) assumption is that all of this will come down: the
       | price (eventually free) and the energy costs.
       | 
       | Then again, may daughters know I am Pollyanna (someone has to
       | be).
        
       | gtirloni wrote:
       | Sure, we can throw code over the wall faster. Is that all that
       | matters though? Just like in poetry, prose, images, etc, AI
       | generates average or worse code. Sure, it may do the job and if
       | your goal is to be average, fine, you should be worried. But has
       | anyone with deep knowledge in programming and a desire to excel
       | actually looked at AI-generated code and thought "omg, this is a
       | work of art. it's so perfect and maintenance will be much easier
       | than anything I could have done! plus, it matches all the
       | requirements from the stakeholders"?
       | 
       | Don't get me wrong, it lets me be more productive _sometimes_ but
       | people that think the days of humans programming computers are
       | numbered have a very rosy (and naive) view of the software
       | engineering world, in my opinion.
        
       | oliviergg wrote:
       | For me, it's the opposite, I had somewhat lost my love for my job
       | as a developer between two JavaScript framework wars or wars
       | between craftsmanship and agile. I think we now have the
       | opportunity to return to addressing actual needs. For me, that
       | has always been the driving force, an idea becomes a product.
       | These agents have rekindled my desire to create things.
        
       | vertnerd wrote:
       | I'm a little older now, over 60. I'm writing a spaceflight
       | simulator for fun and (possible) profit. From game assets to
       | coding, it seems like AI could help. But every time I try it out,
       | I just end up feeling drained by the process of guiding it to
       | good outcomes. It's like I have an assistant to work for me, who
       | gets to have all the fun, but needs constant hand holding and
       | guidance. It isn't fun at all, and for me, coding and designing a
       | system architecture is tremendously satisfying.
       | 
       | I also have a large collection of handwritten family letters
       | going back over 100 years. I've scanned many of them, but I want
       | to transcribe them to text. The job is daunting, so I ran them
       | through some GPT apps for handwriting recognition. GPT did an
       | astonishing job and at first blush, I thought the problem was
       | solved. But on deeper inspection I found that while the
       | transcriptions sounded reasonable and accurate, significant
       | portions were hallucinated or missing. Ok, I said, I just have to
       | review each transcription for accuracy. Well, reading two
       | documents side by side while looking for errors is much more
       | draining than just reading the original letter and typing it in.
       | I'm a very fast typist and the process doesn't take long. Plus, I
       | get to read every letter from beginning to end while I'm working.
       | It's fun.
       | 
       | So after several years of periodically experimenting with the
       | latest LLM tools, I still haven't found a use for them in my
       | personal life and hobbies. I'm not sure what the future world of
       | engineering and art will look like, but I suspect it will be very
       | different.
       | 
       | My wife spins wool to make yarn, then knits it into clothing. She
       | doesn't worry much about how the clothing is styled because it's
       | the physical process of working intimately with her hands and the
       | raw materials that she finds satisfying. She is staying close to
       | the fundamental process of building clothing. Now that there are
       | machines for manufacturing fibers, fabrics and garments, her
       | skill isn't required, but our society has grown dependent on the
       | machines and the infrastructure needed to keep them operating. We
       | would be helpless and naked if those were lost.
       | 
       | Likewise, with LLM coding, developers will no longer develop the
       | skills needed to design or "architect" complex information
       | processing systems, just as no one bothers to learn assembly
       | language anymore. But those are things that someone or something
       | must still know about. Relegating that essential role to a LLM
       | seems like a risky move for the future of our technological
       | civilization.
        
         | palata wrote:
         | I can relate to that.
         | 
         | Personally, right now I find it difficult to imagine saying "I
         | made this" if I got an AI to generate all the code of a
         | project. If I go to a bookstore, ask for some kind of book ("I
         | want it to be with a hard cover, and talk about X, and be
         | written in language Y, ..."), I don't think that at the end I
         | will feel like I "made the book". I merely chose it, someone
         | else made it (actually it's multiple jobs, between whoever
         | wrote it and whoever actually printed and distributed it).
         | 
         | Now if I can describe a program to an AI and it results in a
         | functioning program, can I say that I made it?
         | 
         | Of course it's more efficient to use knitting machines, but if
         | I actually knit a piece of clothing, then I can say I made it.
         | And that's what I like: I like to make things.
        
           | 6510 wrote:
           | I accidentally questioned out loud if the daughter created
           | the video. I assure you, you've made it! If you bring into
           | existence the proverbial PalataOS in a 6 word prompt we
           | should blame and praise you for it.
        
         | thwarted wrote:
         | Editing and proofreading, of code and prose, are _work_
         | themselves, which is often not appreciated enough to be
         | recognized as work, and I think this is the basis for the
         | perspective that if you can get the LLMs to do the coding
         | /writing and _all you need to do is just proof the result_ as
         | if that 's somehow easier because proofing is not _the real
         | work_.
        
       | davidanekstein wrote:
       | I think AI is posing a challenge to people like the person in TFA
       | because programming is their hobby and one that they're good at.
       | They aren't used to knowing someone or something can do it better
       | and knowing that now makes them wonder what the point is. I argue
       | that amateur artists and musicians have dealt with this feeling
       | of "someone can always do it better" for a very long time. You
       | can have fun while knowing someone else can make it better than
       | you, faster, without as much struggle. Programmers aren't as used
       | to this feeling because, even though we know people like John
       | Carmack exist, it doesn't fly in your face quite like a beautiful
       | live performace or painted masterpiece does. Learning to enjoy
       | your own process is what I think is key to continuing what you
       | love. Or, use it as an opportunity to try something else -- but
       | you'll eventually discover the same thing no matter what you do.
       | It's very rare to be the best at something.
        
         | palata wrote:
         | > can make it better than you, faster, without as much struggle
         | 
         | Still need to prove that AI-generated code is "better", though.
         | 
         | "More profitable", in a world where software generally becomes
         | worse (for the consumers) and more profitable (for the
         | companies), sure.
        
           | doug_durham wrote:
           | I don't see that as a likely outcome. I think it will make
           | software better for consumers. There can be more bespoke
           | interfaces instead of making consumers cram in to the
           | solution space dictated by the expensive to change software
           | as it is today.
        
             | palata wrote:
             | That doesn't make sense: they could already spend more
             | resources to make the software better, but they don't,
             | because that is more profitable.
             | 
             | If AI makes doing the same thing cheaper, why would they
             | suddenly say "actually instead of increasing our profit, we
             | will invest it into better software"?
        
         | dbalatero wrote:
         | I'm both relatively experienced as a musician and software
         | engineer so I kinda see both sides. If musicians want to get
         | better, they have to go to the practice room and work. There's
         | a satisfaction to doing this work and coming out the other side
         | with that hard-won growth.
         | 
         | Prior to AI, this was also true with software engineering. Now,
         | at least for the time being, programmers can increase
         | productivity and output, which seems good on the surface.
         | However, with AI, one trades the hard work and brain cells
         | created by actively practicing and struggling with craft for
         | this productivity gain. In the long run, is this worth it?
         | 
         | To me, this is the bummer.
        
       | admiralrohan wrote:
       | Cost of AI coding tools may decrease in future making it more
       | accessible for everyone. And we will all be forced to move up the
       | value ladder.
        
       | faragon wrote:
       | The main use I find for LLMs is code review and corrections
       | following a list of criteria. It helps to detect overlooked
       | issues.
       | 
       | It is also useful for learning from independent code snippets,
       | for e.g., learning a new API.
        
       | HarHarVeryFunny wrote:
       | Coding itself can be fun, perhaps especially when one is trying
       | to optimize in some way (faster, less memory usage, more minimal,
       | etc), but at least for me (been S/W eng for 45+ years) I think
       | the real satisfaction is conquering the complexity and challenges
       | of the project, and ultimately the ability to dream about
       | something and conjure it up to become a reality. Maybe coding
       | itself was more fun back in the day of 8-bit micros where
       | everything was a challenge (not enough speed or memory), but
       | nowadays typically that is not the case - it's more about the
       | complexity of what is being built (unless it's some boilerplate
       | CRUD app where there is no fun or challenge at all).
       | 
       | With today's AI, driven by code examples it was trained on, it
       | seems more likely to be able to do a good job of optimization in
       | many cases than to have gleaned the principles of conquering
       | complexity, writing bug-free code that is easy and flexible to
       | modify, etc. To be able to learn these "journeyman skills" an LLM
       | would need to either have access to a large number of LARGE
       | projects (not just Stack Overflow snippets) and/or the thought
       | processes (typically not written down) of why certain design
       | decisions were made for a given project.
       | 
       | So, at least for time being, as a developer wielding AI as a
       | tool, I think we can still have the satisfaction of the higher
       | level design (which may be unwise to leave to the AI, until it is
       | better able to reason and learn), while leaving the drudgework (&
       | a little bit of the fun) of coding to the tool. In any case we
       | can still have the satisfaction of dreaming something up and
       | making it real.
        
       | skybrian wrote:
       | To put the cost into context, spending $5 a day on tools is
       | ludicrously cheap compared to paying minimum wage, let alone a
       | programmer's salary. Programming is only free if you already know
       | how to code and don't value your time.
       | 
       | Many of us do write code for fun, but that results in a skewed
       | perspective where we don't realize how inaccessible it is for
       | most people. Programmers are providers of expensive professional
       | services and only businesses that spread the costs over many
       | customers can afford us.
       | 
       | So if anything, these new tools will make some kinds of bespoke
       | software development _more_ accessible to people who couldn't
       | afford professional help before.
       | 
       | Although, most people don't need to write new code at all. Using
       | either free software or buying off-the-shelf software (such as
       | from an app store) works fine for most people in most situations.
       | Personal, customized software is a niche.
        
         | aeonik wrote:
         | Software could be much, much cheaper if libraries were easier
         | to use, and data formats and protocols were more open.
         | 
         | So much code I have written and worked with is either CRUD or
         | compatibility layers for un/under-documented formats.
         | 
         | It's as of most of the industry are plumbers, but we are mining
         | and fabricating the materials for the pipes, and digging
         | trenches to and from every residence using completely different
         | pipes and designs for every. single. connection.
        
           | skybrian wrote:
           | I think that's too pessimistic. There are lots of successful
           | standards. We rely on standard API's and libraries a lot more
           | nowadays than we used to. Some of them are pretty good.
           | There's been a lot of progress.
           | 
           | But it takes a while because the wheel has to be reinvented
           | many times before people give up on improving it. When a new
           | language comes along, a lot of stuff gets reimplemented.
           | There's plenty of churn, but the tools do get better.
        
       | AndrewKemendo wrote:
       | I had a conversation with a fellow tech founder (Running a $Bn+
       | val Series D robotics company currently) recently on AI assisted
       | coding tools.
       | 
       | We have both been using or integrating AI code support tools
       | since they became available and both writing code (usually
       | Python) for 20+ years.
       | 
       | We both agree that windsurf + claude is our default IDE/Env now
       | on. We also agree that for all future projects we think we can
       | likely cut the number of engineers needed by 1/3rd.
       | 
       | Based on what I've been using for the last year professionally
       | (copilot) and on the side, I'm confident I could build faster,
       | better and with less effort with 5 engineers and AI tools as with
       | 10 or 15. Also communication overhead reduces by 3x which
       | prevents slowdowns.
       | 
       | So if I have a HA 5 layer stack application (fe, be, analytics,
       | train/inference, networking/data mgt) with IPCs between them,
       | instead of one senior and two juniors per process for a total of
       | 15 people, I only need the 5 mid-seniors now.
        
       | constantcrying wrote:
       | >I just missed writing code.
       | 
       | Even before AI really took of that was an experience many
       | developers, including me, had. Outsourcing has taken over much of
       | the industry. If you work in the west, there is a good
       | probability that a large part of your work is managing remote
       | teams, often in India or other low cost countries.
       | 
       | What AI could change is either reducing the value of outsourcing
       | or make software development so accessible that managing the
       | outsourcing becomes unnecessary.
       | 
       | Either way, I do believe that Software Developers are here to
       | stay. They won't be writing much code in any case. A software
       | developer in the US costs 100k a year and writing software simply
       | will never again be worth 100k year. There are people and
       | programs who are much cheaper.
        
       | gwern wrote:
       | > Forty-six percent of the global population lives on less than
       | $5 per day. In some countries, more than 90% of the population
       | lives on less than $5 per day. If agentic AI code generation
       | becomes the most effective way to write high-quality code, this
       | will create a massive barrier to entry. Access to technology is
       | already a major class and inequality problem. My bitter
       | prediction is that these expensive frontier models will become as
       | indispensable for software development as they are inaccessible
       | to most of the world's population.
       | 
       | Forty-six percent of the global population has never hired a
       | human programmer either because a good human programmer costs
       | more than $5 a day{{citation needed}}.
        
         | fragmede wrote:
         | How much of the global population has hired another person to
         | do something for them directly? If I go to the store and the
         | cashier does the transaction, I haven't hired a human. so more
         | broadly, do most people hire other humans for jobs? that seems
         | like a rich person thing to me in the first place.
        
           | gwern wrote:
           | Well then - the cost of hiring a LLM compared to hiring a
           | human is irrelevant if you are going to deny that _hiring in
           | general_ is irrelevant, now isn 't it? So either OP is making
           | an idiotic comparison because he is wrong and using a LLM to
           | do programming already is several orders of magnitude cheaper
           | than using a human to do programming and it is vastly more
           | likely that poor people will be able to afford occasional LLM
           | use, or it's idiotic because it's irrelevant.
        
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