[HN Gopher] Recent AI model progress feels mostly like bullshit
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Recent AI model progress feels mostly like bullshit
        
       Author : paulpauper
       Score  : 529 points
       Date   : 2025-04-06 18:01 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.lesswrong.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.lesswrong.com)
        
       | fxtentacle wrote:
       | I'd say most of the recent AI model progress has been on price.
       | 
       | A 4-bit quant of QwQ-32B is surprisingly close to Claude 3.5 in
       | coding performance. But it's small enough to run on a consumer
       | GPU, which means deployment price is now down to $0.10 per hour.
       | (from $12+ for models requiring 8x H100)
        
         | shostack wrote:
         | Yeah, I'm thinking of this from a Wardley map standpoint.
         | 
         | What innovation opens up when AI gets sufficiently
         | commoditized?
        
           | mentalgear wrote:
           | Brute force, brute force everything at least for the domains
           | you can have automatic verification in.
        
           | bredren wrote:
           | One thing I've seen is large enterprises extracting money
           | from consumers by putting administrative burden on them.
           | 
           | For example, you can see this in health insurance
           | reimbursements and wireless carriers plan changes. (ie,
           | Verizon's shift from Do More, etc to what they have now)
           | 
           | Companies basically set up circumstances where consumers lose
           | small amounts of money on a recurring basis or sporadically
           | enough that the people will just pay the money rather than a
           | maze of calls, website navigation and time suck to recover
           | funds due to them or that shouldn't have been taken in the
           | first place.
           | 
           | I'm hopeful well commoditized AI will give consumers a
           | fighting chance at this and other types of disenfranchisement
           | that seems to be increasingly normalized by companies that
           | have consultants that do nothing but optimize for their own
           | financial position.
        
         | xiphias2 wrote:
         | Have you compared it with 8-bit QwQ-17B?
         | 
         | In my evals 8 bit quantized smaller Qwen models were better,
         | but again evaluating is hard.
        
           | redrove wrote:
           | There's no QwQ 17B that I'm aware of. Do you have a HF link?
        
             | xiphias2 wrote:
             | You're right, sorry...I just tested Qwen models, not QwQ, I
             | see QwQ only has 32B.
        
               | redrove wrote:
               | No worries, QwQ is the thinking model from Qwen, it's a
               | common misconception.
               | 
               | I think they should've named it something else.
        
       | softwaredoug wrote:
       | I think the real meaningful progress is getting ChatGPT 3.5 level
       | quality running anywhere you want rather than AIs getting smarter
       | at high level tasks. This capability being ubiquitous and not
       | tied to one vendor is really what's revolutionary.
        
       | gundmc wrote:
       | This was published the day before Gemini 2.5 was released. I'd be
       | interested if they see any difference with that model.
       | Anecdotally, that is the first model that really made me go wow
       | and made a big difference for my productivity.
        
         | jonahx wrote:
         | I doubt it. It still flails miserably like the other models on
         | anything remotely hard, even with plenty of human coaxing. For
         | example, try to get it to solve:
         | https://www.janestreet.com/puzzles/hall-of-mirrors-3-index/
        
           | Xenoamorphous wrote:
           | I'd say the average person wouldn't understand that problem,
           | let alone solve it.
        
           | flutas wrote:
           | FWIW 2.5-exp was the only one that managed to get a problem I
           | asked it right, compared to Claude 3.7 and o1 (or any of the
           | other free models in Cursor).
           | 
           | It was reverse engineering ~550MB of Hermes bytecode from a
           | react native app, with each function split into a separate
           | file for grep-ability and LLM compatibility.
           | 
           | The others would all start off right then quickly default to
           | just greping randomly what they expected it to be, which
           | failed quickly. 2.5 traced the function all the way back to
           | the networking call and provided the expected response
           | payload.
           | 
           | All the others hallucinated the networking response I was
           | trying to figure out. 2.5 Provided it exactly enough for me
           | to intercept the request and using the response it provided
           | to get what I wanted to show up.
        
             | arkmm wrote:
             | How did you fit 550MB of bytecode into the context window?
             | Was this using 2.5 in an agentic framework? (i.e. repeated
             | model calls and tool usage)
        
               | flutas wrote:
               | I manually pre-parsed the bytecode file with awk into a
               | bazillion individual files that were each just one
               | function, and gave it the hint to grep to sort through
               | them. This was all done in Cursor.                   awk
               | '/^=> \[Function #/ {                        if (out)
               | close(out);             fn = $0; sub(/^.*#/, "", fn);
               | sub(/ .*/, "", fn);             out = "function_" fn
               | ".txt"         }         { if (out) print > out }'
               | bundle.hasm
               | 
               | Quick example of the output it gave and it's process.
               | 
               | https://i.imgur.com/Cmg4KK1.png
               | 
               | https://i.imgur.com/ApNxUkB.png
        
         | georgemcbay wrote:
         | As someone who was wildly disappointed with the hype around
         | Claude 3.7, Gemini 2.5 is easily the best programmer-assistant
         | LLM available, IMO.
         | 
         | But it still feels more like a small incremental improvement
         | rather than a radical change, and I still feel its limitations
         | constantly.
         | 
         | Like... it gives me the sort of decent but uninspired solution
         | I would expect it to generate without predictably walking me
         | through a bunch of obvious wrong turns as I repeatedly correct
         | it as I would have to have done with earlier models.
         | 
         | And that's certainly not nothing and makes the experience of
         | using it much nicer, but I'm still going to roll my eyes
         | anytime someone suggests that LLMs are the clear path to
         | imminently available AGI.
        
           | dimitri-vs wrote:
           | This is exactly my sentiment. Sonnet-3.5-latest was the
           | perfect code companion: wrote just the right amount of okay
           | quality code but its strength was it really tried to adhere
           | to your instructions. sonnet-3.7 was the exact opposite,
           | wrote waaay too much code and overengineered things like
           | crazy while having very poor instruction adherence. Gemini
           | 2.5 Pro is basically what I hoped sonnet-3.7 would be:
           | follows instructions well but still _softly_ opinionated,
           | massive (usable) context window, fast response, more biased
           | towards latest best practices and a up to date knowledge
           | cutoff.
           | 
           | I'm wondering how much gemini 2.5 being "amazing" comes from
           | sonnet-3.7 being such a disappointment.
        
         | usaar333 wrote:
         | Ya, I find this hard to imagine aging well. Gemini 2.5 solved
         | (at least much better than) multiple real world systems
         | questions I've had in the past that other models could not. Its
         | visual reasoning also jumped significantly on charts (e.g.
         | planning around train schedules)
         | 
         | Even Sonnet 3.7 was able to do refactoring work on my codebase
         | sonnet 3.6 could not.
         | 
         | Really not seeing the "LLMs not improving" story
        
         | ponorin wrote:
         | There's somehow this belief that "newer models will disprove
         | <insert LLM criticism here>" despite the "newer" models
         | being... just a scaled-up version of a previous model, or some
         | anciliary features tacked on. An LLM is an LLM is an LLM: I'll
         | believe it when I see otherwise.
        
       | boxed wrote:
       | > So maybe there's no mystery: The AI lab companies are lying,
       | and when they improve benchmark results it's because they have
       | seen the answers before and are writing them down. [...then says
       | maybe not...]
       | 
       | Well.. they've been caught again and again red handed doing
       | exactly this. Fool me once shame on you, fool me 100 times shame
       | on me.
        
         | smnplk wrote:
         | Fool me once, shame on you...If fooled, you cant get fooled
         | again.
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/shorts/LmFN8iENTPc
        
         | drdaeman wrote:
         | Hate to say this but the incentive is growth, not progress.
         | Progress is what enabled the growth, but is also extremely hard
         | to plan and deliver. On the other hand, hype is probably
         | somewhat easier and well-tested approach so no surprise lot of
         | the effort goes into marketing. Markets had repeatedly
         | confirmed that there aren't any significant immediate
         | repercussions for cranking up BS levels in marketing materials,
         | while there are some rewards when it works.
        
       | djha-skin wrote:
       | > Since 3.5-sonnet, we have been monitoring AI model
       | announcements, and trying pretty much every major new release
       | that claims some sort of improvement. Unexpectedly by me, aside
       | from a minor bump with 3.6 and an even smaller bump with 3.7,
       | literally none of the new models we've tried have made a
       | significant difference on either our internal benchmarks or in
       | our developers' ability to find new bugs. This includes the new
       | test-time OpenAI models.
       | 
       | This is likely a manifestation of the bitter lesson[1],
       | specifically this part:
       | 
       | > The ultimate reason for this is Moore's law, or rather its
       | generalization of continued exponentially falling cost per unit
       | of computation. Most AI research has been conducted as if the
       | computation available to the agent were constant (in which case
       | leveraging human knowledge would be one of the only ways to
       | improve performance) but, _over a slightly longer time than a
       | typical research project_ [like an incremental model update],
       | massively more computation inevitably becomes available.
       | 
       | (Emphasis mine.)
       | 
       | Since the ultimate success strategy of the scruffies[2] or
       | proponents of search and learning strategies in AI is Moore's
       | Law, short term gains using these strategies will be miniscule.
       | It is over at least a five year period that their gains will be
       | felt the most. The neats win the day in the short term, but the
       | hare in this race will ultimately give away to the steady plod of
       | the tortoise.
       | 
       | 1: http://www.incompleteideas.net/IncIdeas/BitterLesson.html
       | 
       | 2:
       | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neats_and_scruffies#CITEREFM...
        
       | ohgr wrote:
       | It's not even approaching the asymptotic line of promises made at
       | any achievable rate for the amount of cash being thrown at it.
       | 
       | Where's the business model? Suck investors dry at the start of a
       | financial collapse? Yeah that's going to end well...
        
         | maccard wrote:
         | > where's the business model?
         | 
         | For who? Nvidia sell GPUs, OpenAI and co sell proprietary
         | models and API access, and the startups resell GPT and Claude
         | with custom prompts. Each one is hoping that the layer above
         | has a breakthrough that makes their current spend viable.
         | 
         | If they do, then you don't want to be left behind, because
         | _everything_ changes. It probably won't, but it might.
         | 
         | That's the business model
        
           | grey-area wrote:
           | That's not a business model, it's a pipe dream.
           | 
           | This bubble will be burst by the Trump tariffs and the end of
           | the zirp era. When inflation and a recession hit together
           | hope and dream business models and valuations no longer work.
        
             | maccard wrote:
             | Which one? Nvidia are doing pretty ok selling GPU's, and
             | OpenAI and Anthropic are doing ok selling their models.
             | They're not _viable_ business models, but they could be.
        
               | grey-area wrote:
               | NVDA will crash when the AI bubble implodes, and none of
               | those Generative AI companies are actually making money,
               | nor will they. They have already hit limiting returns in
               | LLM improvements after staggering investments and it is
               | clear are nowhere near general intelligence.
        
               | maccard wrote:
               | All of this can be true, and has nothing to do with them
               | having a business model.
               | 
               | > NVDA will crash when the AI bubble implodes, > making
               | money, nor will they > They have already hit limiting
               | returns in LLM improvements after staggering investments
               | > and it is clear are nowhere near general intelligence.
               | 
               | These are all assumptions and opinions, and have nothing
               | to do with whether or not they have a business model. You
               | mightn't like their business model, but they do have one.
        
               | grey-area wrote:
               | I consider it a business model if they have plans to make
               | money at some point (no sign of that at openai which are
               | not based on hopium) and are not engaged in fraud like
               | bundling and selling to their own subsidiaries (nvda).
               | 
               | These are of course just opinions, I'm not sure we can
               | know facts about such companies except in retrospect.
        
               | ohgr wrote:
               | Yep. Facts are usually found out during the SEC
               | investigation but we know that isn't going to happen
               | now...
        
               | dragandj wrote:
               | They are doing OK in the sense that they are spending a
               | dollar to earn a dime I suppose.
        
             | otterley wrote:
             | The ZIRP era ended several years ago.
        
               | grey-area wrote:
               | Yes it did, but the irrational exuberance was ongoing
               | till this trigger.
               | 
               | Now we get to see if Bitcoin's use value of 0 is really
               | supporting 1.5 trillion market cap and if OpenAI is
               | really worth $300 billion.
               | 
               | I mean softbank just invested in openai, and they've
               | never been wrong, right?
        
           | ohgr wrote:
           | You missed the end of the supply chain. Paying users. Who
           | magically disappear below market sustaining levels of sales
           | when asked to pay.
        
             | maccard wrote:
             | I never said it was sustainable, and even if it was, OP
             | asked for a business model. Customers don't need a business
             | model, they're customers.
             | 
             | The same is true for any non essential good or service.
        
               | dragandj wrote:
               | Than any silly idea can be a business model. Suppose I
               | collect dust from my attic and hope to sell it as an add-
               | on on my neighbor's lemonade stand, with a hefty profit
               | for the neighbor, who is getting paid by me $10 to add a
               | handful of dust in each glass and sell it to the
               | customers for $1. The neighbor accepts. It's a business
               | model, at least until I don't run of existing funds or
               | the last customer leaves in disguist. At which point
               | exactly that silly idea stops being an unsustainable
               | business model and becomes a silly idea? I guess at least
               | as early as I see that the funds are running up, and I
               | need to borrow larger an larger lumps of money each time
               | to keep spinning the wheel...
        
               | maccard wrote:
               | > Than any silly idea can be a business model.
               | 
               | Indeed it can. The difference between a business model
               | and a viable business model is one word - viable.
               | 
               | If you asked me 18 years ago was "giving away a video
               | game and selling cosmetics" a viable business model I
               | would have laughed at you.If you asked me in 2019 I would
               | probably give you money. If you asked me in 2025, I'd
               | probably laugh at you again.
               | 
               | > and I need to borrow larger an larger lumps of money
               | each time to keep spinning the wheel...
               | 
               | Or you figure out a way to to sell it to your neighbour
               | for $0.50 and he can sell it on for $1.
               | 
               | The play is clear at every level - Nvidia Sell GPUs,
               | OpenAI sell models, and SAAS sell prompts + UI's. Whether
               | or not any of them are viable remains to be seen.
               | Personally, I wouldn't take the bet.
        
             | AstroBen wrote:
             | > Going from $1M ARR to $100M ARR in 12 months, Cursor is
             | the fastest growing SaaS company of all time
             | 
             | Just because it's not reaching the insane hype being pushed
             | doesn't mean it's totally useless
        
               | ohgr wrote:
               | I've been here a long time (not this account) and have
               | heard this many times. They all died or became
               | irrelevant.
        
               | maccard wrote:
               | You're on a startup forum complaining that vc backed
               | startups don't have a business model when the business
               | model is the same as it has been for almost 15 years - be
               | a unicorn in your space.
        
               | ohgr wrote:
               | This is not a unicorn. It's a donkey with a dildo
               | strapped on its head.
        
         | reportgunner wrote:
         | Financial collapse ? Surely we can just roll out AI powered
         | money printers and make them go BRRR /s
        
       | paulsutter wrote:
       | Im able to get substantially more coding done than three months
       | ago. This could be largely in the tooling (coding agents, deep
       | research). But the models are better too, for both coding and
       | brainstorming. And tooling counts, to me, as progress.
       | 
       | Learning to harness current tools helps to harness future tools.
       | Work on projects that will benefit from advancements, but can
       | succeed without them.
        
         | dghlsakjg wrote:
         | I'm not sure if I'm able to do more of the hard stuff, but a
         | lot of the easy but time consuming stuff is now easily done by
         | LLMs.
         | 
         | Example: I frequently get requests for data from Customer
         | Support that used to require 15 minutes of my time noodling
         | around writing SQL queries. I can cut that down to less than a
         | minute now.
        
         | mountainriver wrote:
         | Yes I am a better engineer with every release. I think this is
         | mostly empirically validated
        
       | photochemsyn wrote:
       | Will LLMs end up like compilers? Compilers are also fundamentally
       | important to modern industrial civilization - but they're not
       | profit centers, they're mostly free and open-source outside a few
       | niche areas. Knowing how to use a compiler effectively to write
       | secure and performative software is still a valuable skill - and
       | LLMs are a valuable tool that can help with that process,
       | especially if the programmer is on the steep end of the learning
       | curve - but it doesn't look like anything short of real AGI can
       | do novel software creation without a human constantly in the
       | loop. The same argument applies to new fundamental research, even
       | to reviewing and analyzing new discoveries that aren't in the
       | training corpus.
       | 
       | Wasn't it back in the 1980s that you had to pay $1000s for a good
       | compiler? The entire LLM industry might just be following in the
       | compiler's footsteps.
        
         | lukev wrote:
         | This seems like a probable end state, but we're going to have
         | to stop calling LLMs "artificial intelligence" in order to get
         | there.
        
           | bcoates wrote:
           | Yep. I'm looking forward to LLMs/deepnets being considered a
           | standard GOFAI technique with uses and limitations and not
           | "we asked the God we're building to draw us a picture of a
           | gun and then it did and we got scared"
        
           | mmcnl wrote:
           | Why not? Objectively speaking LLMs are artificial
           | intelligent. Just because it's not human level intelligence
           | doesn't mean it's not intelligent.
        
             | lukev wrote:
             | Objectively speaking a chess engine is artificially
             | intelligent. Just because it's not human level doesn't mean
             | it's not intelligent. Repeat for any N of 100s of different
             | technologies we've built. We've been calling this stuff
             | "thinking machines" since Turing and it's honestly just not
             | useful at this point.
             | 
             | The fact is, the phrase "artificial intelligence" is a
             | memetic hazard: it immediately positions the subject of
             | conversation as "default capable", and then forces the
             | conversation into trying to describe what it can't do,
             | which is rarely a useful way to approach it.
             | 
             | Whereas with LLMs (and chess engines and every other tech
             | advancement) it would be more useful to start with what the
             | tech _can_ do and go from there.
        
       | jonahx wrote:
       | My personal experience is right in line with the author's.
       | 
       | Also:
       | 
       | > I think what's going on is that large language models are
       | trained to "sound smart" in a live conversation with users, and
       | so they prefer to highlight possible problems instead of
       | confirming that the code looks fine, just like human beings do
       | when they want to sound smart.
       | 
       | I immediately thought: That's because in _most_ situations this
       | is the purpose of language, at least partially, and LLMs are
       | trained on language.
        
       | billyp-rva wrote:
       | > [T]here are ~basically~ no public benchmarks for security
       | research... nothing that gets at the hard parts of application
       | pentesting for LLMs, which are 1. Navigating a real repository of
       | code too large to put in context, 2. Inferring a target
       | application's security model, and 3. Understanding its
       | implementation deeply enough to learn where that security model
       | is broken.
       | 
       | A few months ago I looked at essentially this problem from a
       | different angle (generating system diagrams from a codebase). My
       | conclusion[0] was the same as here: LLMs really struggle to
       | understand codebases in a holistic way, especially when it comes
       | to the codebase's strategy and purpose. They therefore struggle
       | to produce something meaningful from it like a security
       | assessment or a system diagram.
       | 
       | [0] https://www.ilograph.com/blog/posts/diagrams-ai-can-and-
       | cann...
        
       | sema4hacker wrote:
       | > ...whatever gains these companies are reporting to the public,
       | they are not reflective of economic usefulness or generality.
       | 
       | I'm not surprised, because I don't expect pattern matching
       | systems to grow into something more general and useful. I think
       | LLM's are essentially running into the same limitations that the
       | "expert systems" of the 1980's ran into.
        
       | maccard wrote:
       | My experience as someone who uses LLMs and a coding assist plugin
       | (sometimes), but is somewhat bearish on AI is that GPT/Claude and
       | friends have gotten worse in the last 12 months or so, and local
       | LLMs have gone from useless to borderline functional but still
       | not really usable for day to day.
       | 
       | Personally, I think the models are "good enough" that we need to
       | start seeing the improvements in tooling and applications that
       | come with them now. I think MCP is a good step in the right
       | direction, but I'm sceptical on the whole thing (and have been
       | since the beginning, despite being a user of the tech).
        
         | sksxihve wrote:
         | The whole MCP hype really shows how much of AI is bullshit.
         | These LLMs have consumed more API documentation than possible
         | for a single human and still need software engineers to write
         | glue layers so they can use the APIs.
        
           | machiaweliczny wrote:
           | Because it's lossy compression. I also consumed a lot of
           | books and even more movies and I don't have good memory of it
           | all. But some core facts and intuition from it.
        
             | sksxihve wrote:
             | AI is far better at regurgitating facts than me even if
             | it's lossy compression but if someone gives me an api doc I
             | can figure out how to use it without them writing a wrapper
             | library around the parts that I need to use to solve
             | whatever problem I'm working on.
        
               | maccard wrote:
               | > but if someone gives me an api doc I can figure out how
               | to use it without them writing a wrapper library around
               | the parts that I need to use to solve whatever problem
               | I'm working on.
               | 
               | I think this is where AI is faling short hugely. AI
               | _should_ be able to integrate with IDEs and tooling (e.g.
               | LSP, Treesitter, Editorconfig) to make sure that it's
               | contextually doing the right thin.
               | 
               | But it's not.
        
           | maccard wrote:
           | I don't think I agree, entirely.
           | 
           | The problem is that up until _very_ recently, it's been
           | possible to get LLMs to generate interesting and exciting
           | results (as a result of all the API documentation and
           | codebases they've inhaled), but it's been very hard to make
           | that usable. I think we need to be able to control the output
           | format of the LLMs in a better way before we can work on
           | what's in the output. I don't konw if MCP is the actual
           | solution to that, but it's certainly an attempt at it...
        
             | sksxihve wrote:
             | That's reasonable along with your comment below too, but
             | when you have the ceo of anthropic saying "AI will write
             | all code for software engineers within a year" last month I
             | would say that is pretty hard to believe given how it
             | performs without user intervention (MCP etc...). It feels
             | like bullshit just like the self driving car stuff did ~10
             | years ago.
        
               | maccard wrote:
               | I completely agree with you there. I think we're a
               | generation away from these tools being usable with light
               | supervision in the way I _want_ to use them, and I think
               | the gap between now and that is about 10x smaller than
               | the gap between that and autonomous agents.
        
       | joelthelion wrote:
       | I've used gemini 2.5 this weekend with aider and it was
       | frighteningly good.
       | 
       | It probably depends a lot on what you are using them for, and in
       | general, I think it's still too early to say exactly where LLMs
       | will lead us.
        
         | jchw wrote:
         | I think overall quality with Gemini 2.5 is not much better than
         | Gemini 2 in my experience. Gemini 2 was already really good,
         | but just like Claude 3.7, Gemini 2.5 goes some steps forward
         | and some steps backwards. It sometimes generates some _really_
         | verbose code even when you tell it to be succinct. I am pretty
         | confident that if you evaluate 2.5 for a bit longer you 'll
         | come to the same conclusion eventually.
        
         | mountainriver wrote:
         | Yep, and what they are going in cursor either the agentic stuff
         | is really game changing.
         | 
         | People who can't recognize this intentionally have their heads
         | in the sand
        
           | InkCanon wrote:
           | People are really fundamentally asking two different
           | questions when they talk about AI "importance": AI's utility
           | and AI's "intelligence". There's a careful line between both.
           | 
           | 1) AI undoubtedly has utility. In many agentic uses, it has
           | very significant utility. There's absolute utility and
           | perceived utility, which is more of user experience. In
           | absolute utility, it is likely git is the single most game
           | changing piece of software there is. It is likely git has
           | saved some ten, maybe eleven digit number in engineer hours
           | times salary in how it enables massive teams to work together
           | in very seamless ways. In user experience, AI is amazing
           | because it can generate so much so quickly. But it is very
           | far from an engineer. For example, recently I tried to use
           | cursor to bootstrap a website in NextJS for me. It produced
           | errors it could not fix, and each rewrite seemed to dig it
           | deeper into its own hole. The reasons were quite obvious. A
           | lot of it had to do with NextJS 15 and the breaking changes
           | it introduces in cookies and auth. It's quite clear if you
           | have masses of NextJS code, which disproportionately is older
           | versions, but none labeled well with versions, it messes up
           | the LLM. Eventually I scrapped what it wrote and did it
           | myself. I don't mean to use this anecdote to say LLMs are
           | useless, but they have pretty clear limitations. They work
           | well on problems with massive data (like front end) and don't
           | require much principled understanding (like understanding how
           | NextJS 15 would break so and so's auth). Another example of
           | this is when I tried to use it to generate flags for a V8
           | build, it failed horribly and would simply hallucinate flags
           | all the time. This seemed very likely to be (despite the
           | existence of a list of V8 flags online) that many flags had
           | very close representations in vector embeddings, and that
           | there was almost close to zero data/detailed examples on
           | their use.
           | 
           | 2) In the more theoretical side, the performance of LLMs on
           | benchmarks (claiming to be elite IMO solvers, competitive
           | programming solvers) have become incredibly suspicious. When
           | the new USAMO 2025 was released, the highest score was 5%,
           | despite claims a year ago that SOTA when was at least a
           | silver IMO. This is against the backdrop of exponential
           | compute and data being fed in. Combined with apparently
           | diminishing returns, this suggests that the gains from that
           | are running really thin.
        
           | dimitri-vs wrote:
           | I guess you haven't been on /r/cursor or forum.cursor.com
           | lately?
           | 
           | "game changing" isn't exactly the sentiment there the last
           | couple months.
        
         | heresie-dabord wrote:
         | > It probably depends a lot on what you are using them for, and
         | in general, I think it's still too early to say exactly where
         | LLMs will lead us.
         | 
         | Even approximations must be right to be meaningful. If
         | information is wrong, it's rubbish.
         | 
         | Presorting/labelling various data has value. Humans have done
         | the real work there.
         | 
         | What is "leading" us at present are the exaggerated valuations
         | of corporations. You/we are in a bubble, working to justify the
         | bubble.
         | 
         | Until a tool is reliable, it is not installed where people can
         | get hurt. Unless we have revised our concern for people.
        
       | throw310822 wrote:
       | I hope it's true. Even if LLMs development stopped now, we would
       | still keep finding new uses for them at least for the next ten
       | years. The technology is evolving way faster than we can
       | meaningfully absorb it and I am genuinely frightened by the
       | consequences. So I hope we're hitting some point of diminishing
       | returns, although I don't believe it a bit.
        
       | a3w wrote:
       | For three years now, my experience with LLMs has been "mostly
       | useless, prefer ELIZA".
       | 
       | Which is software written 1966, but the web version is a little
       | newer. Does occasional psychotherapy assistance/brainstorming
       | just as well, and I more easily know when I stepped out of its
       | known range into the extrapolated.
       | 
       | That said, it can vibe code in a framework unknown to me in half
       | the time that I would need to school myself and add the feature.
       | 
       | Or vibe coding takes twice as long, if I mostly know how to
       | achieve what I want and read no framework documentation but only
       | our own project's source code to add a new feature. But on a day
       | with a headache, I can still call the LLM a dumb twat and ask it
       | to follow my instructions instead of doing bullshit.
       | 
       | But, vibe coding always makes my pulse go to 105, from 65 and
       | question my life choices. Since few instructions are rarely ever
       | followed and loops never left once entered. Except for on the
       | first try getting 80% of the structure kinda right, but then
       | getting stuck for the whole workday.
        
       | aerhardt wrote:
       | My mom told me yesterday that Paul Newman had massive problems
       | with alcohol. I was somewhat skeptical, so this morning I asked
       | ChatGPT a very simple question:
       | 
       | "Is Paul Newman known for having had problems with alcohol?"
       | 
       | All of the models up to o3-mini-high told me he had no known
       | problems. Here's o3-mini-high's response:
       | 
       | "Paul Newman is not widely known for having had problems with
       | alcohol. While he portrayed characters who sometimes dealt with
       | personal struggles on screen, his personal life and public image
       | were more focused on his celebrated acting career, philanthropic
       | work, and passion for auto racing rather than any issues with
       | alcohol. There is no substantial or widely reported evidence in
       | reputable biographies or interviews that indicates he struggled
       | with alcohol abuse."
       | 
       | There is plenty of evidence online that he struggled a lot with
       | alcohol, including testimony from his long-time wife Joanne
       | Woodward.
       | 
       | I sent my mom the ChatGPT reply and in five minutes she found an
       | authoritative source to back her argument [1].
       | 
       | I use ChatGPT for many tasks every day, but I couldn't fathom
       | that it would get so wrong something so simple.
       | 
       | Lesson(s) learned... Including not doubting my mother's movie
       | trivia knowledge.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2022/10/24/who-paul-
       | newma...
        
         | drooby wrote:
         | I asked GPT-4.5 and it searched the web and immediately gave me
         | a "yes" with paragraphs of sources cited.
        
           | john2x wrote:
           | Truth is a probability game. Just keep trying until you
           | arrive.
        
             | Avicebron wrote:
             | "man puts prompt into LLM" > "LLM ships bad code" >
             | "machine fails" > "person dies" > "fire man" > "man puts
             | prompt into LLM"
        
               | john2x wrote:
               | Such accountability
        
           | boznz wrote:
           | 3-4 hours is enough time for It to have crawled the hacker
           | news comments section. That's about the frequency the AI bots
           | crawl my little out of the way blog.
        
         | lfkdev wrote:
         | Thats not really 'simple' for an LLM. This is a niche
         | information about a specifc person, LLM's train on massive
         | amount of data, the more a topic is being present in the data,
         | the better will the answers be.
         | 
         | Also, you can/should use the "research" mode for questions like
         | this.
        
           | aerhardt wrote:
           | The question is simple and verifiable - it is impressive to
           | me that it's not contained in the LLM's body of knowledge -
           | or rather that it can't reach the answer.
           | 
           | This is niche in the grand scheme of knowledge but Paul
           | Newman is easily one of the biggest actors in history, and
           | the LLM has been trained on a massive corpus that includes
           | references to this.
           | 
           | Where is the threshold for topics with enough presence in the
           | data?
        
             | Max_aaa wrote:
             | The question might be simple and verifiable, but it is not
             | a simple for an LLM to mark a particular question as such.
             | This is the tricky part.
             | 
             | An LLM does not care about your question, it is a bunch of
             | math that will spit out a result based on what you typed
             | in.
        
         | permo-w wrote:
         | this seems less like an issue with accuracy and more like an
         | issue with model providers making sure they don't get sued for
         | libel
        
           | aerhardt wrote:
           | I thought about that too.
        
         | ilrwbwrkhv wrote:
         | LLMs will never be good at specific knowledge unless
         | specifically trained for with narrow "if else" statements.
         | 
         | Its good for broad general overview such as most popular
         | categories of books in the world.
        
           | Rebuff5007 wrote:
           | Really? Open-AI says PhD intelligence is just around the
           | corner!
        
             | dadadad100 wrote:
             | If we were to survey 100 PhDs how many would know correctly
             | that Paul Newman had an alcohol problem.
        
               | AnimalMuppet wrote:
               | I would hope that 100% of them would be able to figure
               | out _how to find out_.
        
               | dadadad100 wrote:
               | Ah, but isn't that the problem here - asking an LLM for
               | facts without requesting a search is like asking a PhD to
               | answer a question "off the top of your head". For pop
               | culture questions the PhD likely brings little value.
        
               | jcgrillo wrote:
               | They should know better than to guess. Educated, honest,
               | intelligent people don't spout off a wild ass guess, if
               | they don't know something they say so.
        
             | ludwik wrote:
             | I don't think they mean "knowledge" when they talk about
             | "intelligence." LLMs are definitely not knowledge bases.
             | They can transform information given to them in impressive
             | ways, but asking a raw (non-RAG-enabled) LLM to provide its
             | own information will probably always be a mistake.
        
               | AnimalMuppet wrote:
               | They kind of are knowledge bases, just not in the usual
               | way. The knowledge is encoded in the words they were
               | trained on. They weren't trained on words chosen at
               | random; they were trained on words written by humans to
               | encode some information. In fact, that's the only thing
               | that makes LLMs somewhat useful.
        
         | blitzar wrote:
         | Does the as yet unwritten prequel of Idiocracy tell the tale of
         | when we started asking Ai chat bots for facts and this was the
         | point of no return for humanity?
        
           | aerhardt wrote:
           | Can you blame the users for asking it, when everyone is
           | selling that as a key defining feature?
           | 
           | I use it for asking - often very niche - questions on
           | advanced probability and simulation modeling, and it often
           | gets those right - why those and not a simple verifiable fact
           | about one of the most popular actors in history?
           | 
           | I don't know about Idiocracy, but something that I have read
           | specific warnings about is that people will often blame the
           | user for any of the tool's misgivings.
        
           | pclmulqdq wrote:
           | It turns out there's huge demand for un-monetized web search.
        
             | leereeves wrote:
             | I like that it's unmonetized, of course, but that's not why
             | I use AI. I use AI because it's better at search. When I
             | can't remember the right keywords to find something, or
             | when the keywords aren't unique, I frequently find that web
             | search doesn't return what I need and AI does.
             | 
             | It's impressive how often AI returns the right answer to
             | vague questions. (not always though)
        
               | pclmulqdq wrote:
               | Google used to return the right answer to vague questions
               | until it decided to return the most lucrative answer to
               | vague questions instead.
        
               | HPsquared wrote:
               | Fortunately there is a lot of competition in the LLM
               | space.
               | 
               | Edit: and, more importantly, plenty of people willing to
               | pay a subscription for good quality.
        
             | spudlyo wrote:
             | Soon sadly, there will be a huge demand for un-monetized
             | LLMs. Enshitification is coming.
        
           | MarcelOlsz wrote:
           | The chatgpt'd tariffs marks this epoch perfectly.
        
           | jmount wrote:
           | Some prior works that work as prequels include C.M.
           | Kornbluth's "The Marching Morons" and "The Little Black Bag."
        
         | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
         | So, in other words, are you saying that AI model progress _is_
         | the real deal and is not bullshit?
         | 
         | That is, as you point out, "all of the models up to o3-mini-
         | high" give an incorrect answer, while other comments say that
         | OpenAIs later models give correct answers, with web citations.
         | So it would seem to follow that "recent AI model progress"
         | actually made a verifiable improvement in this case.
        
           | saurik wrote:
           | I am pretty sure that they must have meant "up through", not
           | "up to", as the answer from o3-mini-high is also wrong in a
           | way which seems to fit the same description, no?
        
             | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
             | I tried with 4o and it gave me what I thought was a correct
             | answer:
             | 
             | > Paul Newman was not publicly known for having major
             | problems with alcohol in the way some other celebrities
             | have been. However, he was open about enjoying drinking,
             | particularly beer. He even co-founded a line of food
             | products (Newman's Own) where profits go to charity, and he
             | once joked that he consumed a lot of the product himself --
             | including beer when it was briefly offered.
             | 
             | > In his later years, Newman did reflect on how he had
             | changed from being more of a heavy drinker in his youth,
             | particularly during his time in the Navy and early acting
             | career, to moderating his habits. But there's no strong
             | public record of alcohol abuse or addiction problems that
             | significantly affected his career or personal life.
             | 
             | > So while he liked to drink and sometimes joked about it,
             | Paul Newman isn't generally considered someone who had
             | problems with alcohol in the serious sense.
             | 
             | As other's have noted, LLMs are much more likely to be
             | cautious in providing information that could be construed
             | as libel. While Paul Newman may have been an alcoholic, I
             | couldn't find any articles about it being "public" in the
             | same way as others, e.g. with admitted rehab stays.
        
         | fnordpiglet wrote:
         | This is less an LLM thing than an information retrieval
         | question. If you choose a model and tell it to "Search," you
         | find citation based analysis that discusses that he indeed had
         | problems with alcohol. I do find it interesting it quibbles
         | whether he was an alcoholic or not - it seems pretty clear from
         | the rest that he was - but regardless. This is indicative of
         | something crucial when placing LLMs into a toolkit. They are
         | not omniscient nor are they deductive reasoning tools.
         | Information retrieval systems are excellent at information
         | retrieval and should be used for information retrieval. Solvers
         | are excellent at solving deductive problems. Use them. The
         | better they get at these tasks alone is cool but is IMO a
         | parlor trick since we have nearly optimal or actually optimal
         | techniques that don't need an LLM. The LLM should use those
         | tools. So, click search next time you have an information
         | retrieval question.
         | https://chatgpt.com/share/67f2dac0-3478-8000-9055-2ae5347037...
        
           | mvdtnz wrote:
           | Any information found in a web search about Newman will be
           | available in the training set (more or less). It's almost
           | certainly a problem of alignment / "safety" causing this
           | issue.
        
             | fnordpiglet wrote:
             | There's a simpler explanation than that's that the model
             | weights aren't an information retrieval system and other
             | sequences of tokens are more likely given the totality of
             | training data. This is why for an information retrieval
             | task you use an information retrieval tool similarly to how
             | for driving nails you use a hammer rather than a screw
             | driver. It may very well be you could drive the nail with
             | the screw driver, but why?
        
               | mvdtnz wrote:
               | You think that's a simpler explanation? Ok. I think given
               | the amount of effort that goes into "safety" on these
               | systems that my explanation is vastly more likely than
               | somehow this information got lost in the vector soup
               | despite being attached to his name at the top of every
               | search result[0].
               | 
               | 0 https://www.google.com/search?q=did+paul+newman+have+a+
               | drink...
        
               | fnordpiglet wrote:
               | Except if safety blocked this, it would have also blocked
               | the linked conversation. Alignment definitely distorts
               | behaviors of models, but treating them as information
               | retrieval systems is using a screw driver to drive nails.
               | Your example didn't refute this.
        
             | simonw wrote:
             | "Any information found in a web search about Newman will be
             | available in the training set"
             | 
             | I don't think that is a safe assumption these days.
             | Training modern LLM isn't about dumping in everything on
             | the Internet. To get a really _good_ model you have to be
             | selective about your sources of training data.
             | 
             | They still rip off vast amounts of copyrighted data, but I
             | get the impression they are increasingly picky about what
             | they dump into their training runs.
        
           | Vanit wrote:
           | I realise your answer wasn't assertive, but if I heard this
           | from someone actively defending AI it would be a copout. If
           | the selling point is that you can ask these AIs anything then
           | one can't retroactively go "oh but not that" when a
           | particular query doesn't pan out.
        
             | philomath_mn wrote:
             | This is a bit of a strawman. There are certainly people who
             | claim that you can ask AIs anything but I don't think the
             | parent commenter ever made that claim.
             | 
             | "AI is making incredible progress but still struggles with
             | certain subsets of tasks" is self-consistent position.
        
               | skywhopper wrote:
               | It's not the position of any major AI company, curiously.
        
           | terminatornet wrote:
           | lotta words here to say AI can't do basic search right
        
         | stavros wrote:
         | LLMs aren't good at being search engines, they're good at
         | understanding things. Put an LLM on top of a search engine, and
         | that's the appropriate tool for this use case.
         | 
         | I guess the problem with LLMs is that they're too usable for
         | their own good, so people don't realizing that they can't
         | perfectly know all the trivia in the world, exactly the same as
         | any human.
        
           | MegaButts wrote:
           | > LLMs aren't good at being search engines, they're good at
           | understanding things.
           | 
           | LLMs are literally fundamentally incapable of understanding
           | things. They are stochastic parrots and you've been fooled.
        
             | more_corn wrote:
             | For them to work at all they need to have some
             | representation of concepts. Recent research at anthropic
             | has shown a surprising complexity in their reasoning
             | behavior. Perhaps the parrot here is you.
        
             | bobsmooth wrote:
             | What do you call someone that mentions "stochastic parrots"
             | every time LLMs are mentioned?
        
               | MegaButts wrote:
               | It's the first time I've ever used that phrase on HN.
               | Anyway, what phrase do you think works better than
               | 'stochastic parrot' to describe how LLMs function?
        
               | karn97 wrote:
               | Try to come up with a way to prove humans aren't
               | stochastic parrots then maybe people will atart taking
               | you seriously. Just childish reddit angst rn nothing
               | else.
        
               | bluefirebrand wrote:
               | > Try to come up with a way to prove humans aren't
               | stochastic parrots
               | 
               | Look around you
               | 
               | Look at Skyscrapers. Rocket ships. Agriculture.
               | 
               | If you want to make a claim that humans are nothing more
               | than stochastic parrots then you need to explain where
               | all of this came from. What were we parroting?
               | 
               | Meanwhile all that LLMs do is parrot things that _humans_
               | created
        
               | jodrellblank wrote:
               | Skyscrapers: trees, mountains, cliffs, caves in
               | mountainsides, termite mounds, humans knew things could
               | go high, the Colosseum was built two thousand years ago
               | as a huge multi-storey building.
               | 
               | Rocket ships: volcanic eruptions show heat and explosive
               | outbursts can fling things high, gunpowder and cannons,
               | bellows showing air moves things.
               | 
               | Agriculture: forests, plains, jungle, desert oases,
               | humans knew plants grew from seeds, grew with rain, grew
               | near water, and grew where animals trampled them into the
               | ground.
               | 
               | We need a list of all atempted ideas, all inventions and
               | patents that were ever tried or conceived, and then we
               | see how inventions are the same random permutations on
               | ideas with Darwinian style survivorship as everything
               | else; there were steel boats with multiple levels in them
               | before skyscrapers; is the idea of a tall steel building
               | really so magical when there were over a billion people
               | on Earth in 1800 who could have come up with it?
        
               | meroes wrote:
               | You're likening actual rocketry to LLMs being mildly
               | successful at describing Paul Newman's alcohol use on
               | average when they already have the entire internet handed
               | to them.
        
               | bluefirebrand wrote:
               | > when there were over a billion people on Earth in 1800
               | who could have come up with it
               | 
               | My point is that humans _did_ come up with it. Humans did
               | not parrot it from someone or something else that showed
               | it to us. We didn 't "parrot" splitting the atom. We
               | didn't learn how to build skyscrapers from looking at
               | termite hills and we didn't learn to build rockets that
               | can send a person to the moon from seeing a volcano
               | 
               | You are just speaking absolute drivel
        
               | jodrellblank wrote:
               | It's obvious that humans imitate concepts and don't come
               | up with things de-novo from a blank slate of pure
               | intelligence. So your claim hinges on LLMs parrotting the
               | words they are trained on. But they don't do that, their
               | training makes them abstract over concepts and remix them
               | in new ways to output sentences they weren't trained on,
               | e.g.:
               | 
               | Prompt: "Can you give me a URL with some novel
               | components, please?"
               | 
               | DuckDuckGo LLM returns: "Sure! Here's a fictional URL
               | with some novel components: https://www.example-
               | novels.com/2023/unique-tales/whimsical-j..."
               | 
               | An living parrot echoing "pieces of eight" cannot do
               | this, it cannot say "pieces of <currency>" or "pieces of
               | <valuable mineral>" even if asked to do that. The LLM
               | training has abstracted some concept of what it means for
               | a text pattern to be a URL and what it means for things
               | to be "novel" and what it means to switch out the
               | components of a URL but keep them individually valid. It
               | can also give a reasonable answer asking for a new kind
               | of protocol. So your position hinges on the word
               | "stochastic" which is used as a slur to mean "the LLM
               | isn't innovating like we do it's just a dice roll of
               | remixing parts it was taught". But if you are arguing
               | that makes it a "stochastic parrot" then you need to
               | consider splitting the atom in its wider context...
               | 
               | > " _We didn 't "parrot" splitting the atom_"
               | 
               | That's because we didn't "split the atom" in one blank-
               | slate experiment with no surrounding context. Rutherford
               | and team disintegrated the atom in 1914-1919 ish, they
               | were building on the surrounding scientific work
               | happening at that time: 1869 Johann Hittorf recognising
               | that there was something coming in a straight line from
               | or near the cathode of a Crookes vacuum tube, 1876 Eugen
               | Goldstein proving they were coming from the cathode and
               | naming them cathode rays (see: Cathode Ray Tube computer
               | monitors), and 1897 J.J Thompson proving the rays are
               | much lighter than the lightest known element and naming
               | them Electrons, the first proof of sub-atomic particles
               | existing. He proposed the model of the atom as a 'plum
               | pudding' (concept parroting). Hey guess who JJ Thomspon
               | was an academic advisor of? Ernest Rutherford! 1911
               | Rutherford discovery of the atomic nucleus. 1909
               | Rutherford demonstrated sub-atomic scattering and
               | Millikan determined the charge on an electron. Eugen
               | Goldstein also discovered the anode rays travelling the
               | other way in the Crookes tube and that was picked up by
               | Wilhelm Wien and it became Mass Spectrometry for
               | identifying elements. In 1887 Heinrich Hertz was
               | investigating the Photoelectric effect building on the
               | work of Alexandre Becquerel, Johann Elster, Hans Geitel.
               | Dalton's atomic theory of 1803.
               | 
               | Not to mention Rutherford's 1899 studies of
               | radioactivity, following Henri Becquerel's work on
               | Uranium, following Marie Curie's work on Radium and her
               | suggestion of radioactivity being atoms breaking up, and
               | Rutherford's student Frederick Soddy and his work on
               | Radon, and Paul Villard's work on Gamma Ray emissions
               | from Radon.
               | 
               | When Philipp Lenard was studying cathode rays in the
               | 1890s he bought up all the supply of one phosphorescent
               | material which meant Rontgen had to buy a different one
               | to reproduce the results and bought one which responded
               | to X-Rays as well, and that's how he discovered them -
               | not by pure blank-sheet intelligence but by probability
               | and randomness applied to an earlier concept.
               | 
               | That is, nobody taught humans to split the atom and then
               | humans literally parotted the mechanism and did it, but
               | you attempting to present splitting the atom as a thing
               | which appeared out of nowhere and not remixing any
               | existing concepts is, in your terms, absolute drivel.
               | Literally a hundred years and more of scientists and
               | engineers investigating the subatomic world and proposing
               | that atoms could be split, and trying to work out what's
               | in them by small varyations on the ideas and equipment
               | and experiments seen before, you can just find names and
               | names and names on Wikipedia of people working on this
               | stuff and being inspired by others' work and remixing the
               | concepts in it, and we all know the 'science progresses
               | one death at a time' idea that individual people pick up
               | what they learned and stick with it until they die, and
               | new ideas and progress need new people to do variations
               | on the ideas which exist.
               | 
               | No people didn't learn to build rockets from "seeing a
               | volcano" but if you think there was no inspiration from
               | fireworks, cannons, jellyfish squeezing water out to
               | accelerate, no sudies of orbits from moons and planets,
               | no chemistry experiments, no inspiration from thousands
               | of years of flamethrowers:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flamethrower#History no
               | seeing explosions moving large things, you're living in a
               | dream
        
               | bluefirebrand wrote:
               | > fireworks, cannons, jellyfish squeezing water out to
               | accelerate, no sudies of orbits from moons and planets,
               | no chemistry experiments, no inspiration from thousands
               | of years of flamethrowers
               | 
               | Fireworks, cannons, chemistry experiments and
               | flamethrowers are all human inventions
               | 
               | And yes, exactly! We _studied_ orbits of moons and
               | planets. We _studied_ animals like Jellyfish. We _choose
               | to observe the world_ , we extracted data, we
               | experimented, we saw what worked, refined, improved, and
               | succeeded
               | 
               | LLMs are _not capable of observing anything_. They can
               | only regurgitate and remix the information they are fed
               | by humans! By us, because we _can_ observe
               | 
               | An LLM trained on 100% wrong information will always
               | return wrong information for anything you ask it.
               | 
               | Say you train an LLM with the knowledge that fire can
               | burn underwater. It "thinks" that the step by step
               | instructions for building a fire is to pile wood and then
               | pour water on the wood. It has no conflicting information
               | in its model. It cannot go try to build a fire this way
               | and observe that it is wrong. It is a parrot. It repeats
               | the information that you give it. At _best_ it can find
               | some relationships between data points that humans haven
               | 't realized might be related
               | 
               | A human could easily go attempt this, realize it doesn't
               | work, and learn from the experience. Humans are not
               | simply parrots. We are capable of exploring our
               | surroundings and internalizing things without needing
               | someone else to tell us how everything works
               | 
               | > That is, nobody taught humans to split the atom and
               | then humans literally parotted the mechanism and did it,
               | but you attempting to present splitting the atom as a
               | thing which appeared out of nowhere and not remixing any
               | existing concepts is, in your terms, absolute drivel
               | 
               | Building on the work of other humans is not _parroting_
               | 
               | You outlined the absolute genius of humanity building
               | from first principles all the way to splitting the atom
               | and you still think we're just parroting,
               | 
               | I think we disagree what parroting is entirely.
        
               | throw4847285 wrote:
               | I hate to be the burden of proof guy, but in this case
               | I'll say: the burden of proof is on you to prove that
               | humans are stochastic parrots. For millenia, nobody
               | thought to assert that the human brain was computational
               | in nature, until people invented computers, and all of a
               | sudden started asserting that many the human brain was
               | just like a classical computer.
               | 
               | Of course, this turned out to be completely false, with
               | advances in understanding of neural networks. Now, again
               | with no evidence other than "we invented this thing
               | that's, useful to us" people have been asserting that
               | humans are just like this thing we invented. Why? What's
               | the evidence? There never is any. It's high dorm room
               | behavior. "What if we're all just machines, man???" And
               | the argument is always that if I disagree with you when
               | you assert this, then I am acting unscientifically and
               | arguing for some kind of magic.
               | 
               | But there's no magic. The human brain just functions in a
               | way different than the new shiny toys that humans have
               | invented, in terms of ability to model an external world,
               | in terms of the way emotions and sense experience are
               | inseparable from our capacity to process information, in
               | terms of consciousness. The hardware is entirely
               | different, and we're functionally different.
               | 
               | The closest things to human minds are out there, and
               | they've been out there for as long as we have: other
               | animals. The real unscientific perspective is that to get
               | high on your own supply and assert that some kind of
               | fake, creepily ingratiating Spock we made up (who is far
               | less charming than Leonard Nimony) is more like us than a
               | chimp is.
        
               | brookst wrote:
               | It's good rhetoric but bad analogy. LLMs can be very
               | creative (to the point of failure, in hallucinations).
               | 
               | I don't know if there is a pithy shirt phrase to
               | accurately describe how LLMs function. Can you give me a
               | similar one for how humans think? That might spur my own
               | creativity here.
        
               | fancyfredbot wrote:
               | That makes me think, has anyone ever heard of an actual
               | parrot which wasn't stochastic?
               | 
               | I'm fairly sure I've never seen a deterministic parrot
               | which makes me think the term is tautological.
        
             | fancyfredbot wrote:
             | We're talking about a stochastic parrot which in many
             | circumstances responds in a way which is indistinguishable
             | from actual understanding.
        
               | MegaButts wrote:
               | I've always been amazed by this. I have never not been
               | frustrated with the profound stupidity of LLMs. Obviously
               | I must be using it differently because I've never been
               | able to trust it with anything and more than half the
               | time I fact check it even for information retrieval it's
               | objectively incorrect.
        
               | karn97 wrote:
               | Its ok to be paranoid
        
               | MegaButts wrote:
               | Fact checking is paranoia?
        
               | fancyfredbot wrote:
               | If you got as far as checking the output it must have
               | appeared to understand your question.
               | 
               | I wouldn't claim LLMs are good at being factual, or good
               | at arithmetic, or at drawing wine glasses, or that they
               | are "clever". What they are very good at is responding to
               | questions in a way which gives you the very strong
               | impression they've understood you.
        
               | MegaButts wrote:
               | I vehemently disagree. If I ask a question with an
               | objective answer, and it simply makes something up and is
               | very confident the answer is correct, what the fuck has
               | it understood other than how to piss me off?
               | 
               | It clearly doesn't understand that the question has a
               | correct answer, or that it does not know the answer. It
               | also clearly does not understand that I hate bullshit, no
               | matter how many dozens of times I prompt it to not make
               | something up and would prefer an admittance of ignorance.
        
               | fancyfredbot wrote:
               | It didn't understand you but the response was plausible
               | enough to require fact checking.
               | 
               | Although that isn't literally indistinguishable from
               | 'understanding' (because your fact checking easily
               | discerned that) it suggests that at a surface level it
               | did appear to understand your question and knew what a
               | plausible answer might look like. This is not necessarily
               | useful but it's quite impressive.
        
               | MegaButts wrote:
               | There are times it just generates complete nonsense that
               | has nothing to do with what I said, but it's certainly
               | not most of the time. I do not know how often, but I'd
               | say it's definitely under 10% and almost certainly under
               | 5% that the above happens.
               | 
               | Sure, LLMs are incredibly impressive from a technical
               | standpoint. But they're so fucking stupid I hate using
               | them.
               | 
               | > This is not necessarily useful but it's quite
               | impressive.
               | 
               | I think we mostly agree on this. Cheers.
        
             | mitthrowaway2 wrote:
             | What does the word "understand" mean to you?
        
               | MegaButts wrote:
               | An ability to answer questions with a train of thought
               | showing how the answer was derived, or the self-awareness
               | to recognize you do not have the ability to answer the
               | question and declare as much. More than half the time
               | I've used LLMs they will simply make answers up, and when
               | I point out the answer is wrong it simply regurgitates
               | another incorrect answer ad nauseum (regularly cycling
               | through answers I've already pointed out are incorrect).
               | 
               | Rather than give you a technical answer - if I ever feel
               | like an LLM can recognize its limitations rather than
               | make something up, I would say it understands. In my
               | experience LLMs are just algorithmic bullshitters. I
               | would consider a function that just returns "I do not
               | understand" to be an improvement, since most of the time
               | I get confidently incorrect answers instead.
               | 
               | Yes, I read Anthropic's paper from a few days ago. I
               | remain unimpressed until talking to an LLM isn't a
               | profoundly frustrating experience.
        
               | mitthrowaway2 wrote:
               | I just want to say that's a much better answer than I
               | anticipated!
        
             | the8472 wrote:
             | A stochastic parrot with a sufficiently tiny residual error
             | rate needs a stochastic model so precisely compressing the
             | world and sophisticated decompression algorithms that it
             | could be called reasoning.
             | 
             | Take two 4K frames of a falling vase, ask a model to
             | predict the next token... I mean the following images. Your
             | model now needs include some approximations of physics -
             | and the ability to apply it correctly - to produce a
             | _realistic_ outcome. I 'm not aware of any model capable of
             | doing that, but that's what it would mean to predict the
             | unseen with high enough fidelity.
        
           | more_corn wrote:
           | Ironically though an LLM powered search engine (some word
           | about being perplexed) is becoming way better than the
           | undisputed king of traditional search engines (something
           | oogle)
        
             | stavros wrote:
             | That's because they put an LLM over a traditional search
             | engine.
        
               | aspenmayer wrote:
               | Google Labs has AI Mode now, apparently.
               | 
               | https://labs.google.com/search/experiment/22
        
               | stavros wrote:
               | Hm, that's not available to me, what is it? If its an LLM
               | over Google, didn't they release that a few months ago
               | already?
        
               | aspenmayer wrote:
               | US only for now may be the issue?
               | 
               | It expands what they had before with AI Overviews, but
               | I'm not sure how new either of those are. It showed up
               | for me organically as an AI Mode tab on a native Google
               | search in Firefox ironically.
               | 
               | https://support.google.com/websearch/answer/16011537
        
               | stavros wrote:
               | Very interesting, thank you!
        
               | aspenmayer wrote:
               | No worries.
               | 
               | What happens if you go directly to
               | https://google.com/aimode ?
        
               | stavros wrote:
               | It asks me to change some permissions, but that help page
               | says this is only available in the US, so I suppose I'll
               | get blocked right after I change them.
        
           | nyarlathotep_ wrote:
           | > I guess the problem with LLMs is that they're too usable
           | for their own good, so people don't realizing that they can't
           | perfectly know all the trivia in the world, exactly the same
           | as any human.
           | 
           | They're quite literally being sold as a replacement for human
           | intellectual labor by people that have received uncountable
           | sums of investment money towards that goal.
           | 
           | The author of the post even says this:
           | 
           | "These machines will soon become the beating hearts of the
           | society in which we live. The social and political structures
           | they create as they compose and interact with each other will
           | define everything we see around us."
           | 
           | Can't blame people "fact checking" something that's supposed
           | to fill these shoes.
           | 
           | People should be (far) more critical of LLMs given all of
           | these style of bold claims, not less.
           | 
           | Also, telling people they're "holding it wrong" when they
           | interact with alleged "Ay Gee Eye" "superintelligence" really
           | is a poor selling point, and no way to increase confidence in
           | these offerings.
           | 
           | These people and these companies don't get to make these
           | claims that threaten the livelihood of millions of people,
           | inflate a massive bubble, impact hiring decisions and
           | everything else we've seen and then get excused cause "whoops
           | you're not supposed to use it like that, dummy."
           | 
           | Nah.
        
             | stavros wrote:
             | Your point is still trivially disproven by the fact that
             | not even humans are expected to know all the world's trivia
             | off the top of their heads.
             | 
             | We can discuss whether LLMs live up to the hype, or we can
             | discuss how to use this new tool in the best way. I'm
             | really tired of HN insisting on discussing the former, and
             | I don't want to take part in that. I'm happy to discuss the
             | latter, though.
        
           | lm28469 wrote:
           | > Put an LLM on top of a search engine, and that's the
           | appropriate tool for this use case.
           | 
           | Hm nope, now that the web if flooded by LLM generated content
           | it's game over. I can't tell how many times I almost got
           | fooled by recipes &co which seem legit at first but are utter
           | non sense. And now we're feeding that garbage back to where
           | it came from
        
             | stavros wrote:
             | That's not relevant to what we're discussing, though.
        
         | r_klancer wrote:
         | Gemini (2.5 Pro):
         | 
         | "Yes, Paul Newman was widely known for being a heavy drinker,
         | particularly of beer. He himself acknowledged his significant
         | alcohol consumption."
         | 
         | The answer I got (https://gemini.google.com/share/9e327dc4be03)
         | includes references such as
         | https://apnews.com/article/entertainment-reviews-movies-paul...
         | and https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-playing-
         | field/20... although they are redacted from the public-sharing
         | link.
        
           | r_klancer wrote:
           | Though a local model I'm running (gemma-3-27b-it;
           | https://huggingface.co/lmstudio-community/gemma-3-27b-it-
           | GGU...) just told me various correct sounding bits about his
           | history with alcohol (correctly citing his alma mater and
           | first wife), but threw in:
           | 
           | "Sobriety & AA: Newman got sober in 1964 and remained so for
           | the rest of his life."
           | 
           | Which doesn't check out. And it includes plausible but
           | completely hallucinated URLs (as well as a valid
           | biography.com URL that completely omits information about
           | alcohol.)
        
             | smahs wrote:
             | Gemma 3 4B (QAT quant): Yes, Paul Newman was indeed known
             | to have struggled with alcohol throughout his life. While
             | he maintained a public image of a charming, clean-cut star,
             | he privately battled alcoholism for many years. He sought
             | treatment in the late 1980s and early 1990s and was
             | reportedly very open about his struggles and the importance
             | of seeking help.
        
           | tim333 wrote:
           | Perplexity:
           | 
           | >Paul Newman is indeed known for having struggled with
           | alcohol during his life. Accounts from various sources,
           | including his own memoir and the documentary ...
           | (https://www.perplexity.ai/search/is-paul-newman-known-for-
           | ha...)
           | 
           | I guess there's something about ChatGPT's set up that makes
           | it different? Maybe they wanted it to avoid libeling people?
        
             | aldanor wrote:
             | Grok:
             | 
             | > Yes, Paul Newman was known to have struggled with alcohol
             | at certain points in his life. In his early years,
             | particularly during his time in the Navy and into his
             | acting career, Newman admitted to heavy drinking. He was
             | open about his fondness for beer and once jokingly referred
             | to himself as a "functional alcoholic." In a 1988 interview
             | with The New York Times, he acknowledged that he had a
             | period where he drank too much, stating, "I was a very good
             | drinker. I could put it away." ...
             | 
             | https://grok.com/share/bGVnYWN5_86843e8a-39ee-415d-8785-4f8
             | e...
        
         | kayo_20211030 wrote:
         | This may have hit the nail on the head about the weaknesses of
         | LLM's.
         | 
         | They're going to regurgitate something not so much based on
         | facts, but based on things that are accessible as _perceived_
         | facts. Those might be right, but they might be wrong also; and
         | no one can tell without doing the hard work of checking
         | original sources. Many of what are considered accepted facts,
         | and also accessible to LLM harvesting, are at best derived
         | facts, often mediated by motivated individuals, and published
         | to accessible sources by  "people with an interest".
         | 
         | The weightings used by any AI should be based on the _facts_ ,
         | and not the compounded volume of derived, "mediated", or
         | "directed" _facts_ - simply, because they 're not really facts;
         | they're reports.
         | 
         | It all seems like dumber, lazier search engine stuff. Honestly,
         | what do I know about Paul Newman? But, Joanne Woodward and
         | others who knew and worked with him should be weighted as
         | being, at least, slightly more credible that others; no matter
         | how many text patterns "catch the match" flow.
        
         | Alive-in-2025 wrote:
         | These models are not reliable sources of information. They are
         | either out of date, subject to hallucination, or just plain
         | wrong for a variety of reasons. They are untrustworthy to ask
         | facts like this.
         | 
         | I appreciate your consideration of a subjective question and
         | how you explained it and understand these nuances. But please -
         | do not trust chatgpt etc. I continue to be frustrated at the
         | endless people claiming something is true from chatgpt. I
         | support the conclusions of this author.
        
         | jonomacd wrote:
         | Looks like you are using the wrong models
         | 
         | https://g.co/gemini/share/ffa5a7cd6f46
        
         | d_burfoot wrote:
         | For questions like this, you need to tell the bot to search the
         | web.
         | 
         | > Hi, can you search the web and find out if Paul Newman has
         | any alcohol problems?
         | 
         | > Paul Newman, the acclaimed actor and philanthropist, had a
         | well-documented fondness for alcohol, particularly beer. He was
         | known to consume significant quantities, with some accounts
         | noting he would drink a case of beer in a day. This level of
         | consumption led some to describe him as a functioning
         | alcoholic. His drinking habits reportedly caused strain in his
         | marriage to Joanne Woodward. In the late 1970s, an incident
         | occurred where Woodward did not allow Newman back into their
         | house because of his drinking. He promised to give up hard
         | liquor as a compromise, but continued to drink beer, sometimes
         | consuming a case during dinner.
        
         | pbronez wrote:
         | Testing the query on Kagi
         | 
         | # Quick Answer
         | 
         | Yes, Paul Newman struggled with alcohol. His issues with
         | alcohol were explored in the HBO Max documentary, The Last
         | Movie Stars, and Shawn Levy's biography, Paul Newman: A Life.
         | According to a posthumous memoir, Newman was tormented by self-
         | doubt and insecurities and questioned his acting ability. His
         | struggles with alcohol led to a brief separation from Joanne
         | Woodward, though it had nothing to do with cheating.
         | 
         | (4x Source footnotes omitted for readability)
         | 
         | # Ki Multi-step Research Assistant
         | 
         | Paul Newman is known to have struggled with alcohol. According
         | to his posthumous memoir, Newman candidly discussed his issues
         | with drinking and self-doubt, describing himself as an
         | alcoholic who was tormented by insecurities[^1][^2]. He
         | reportedly drank a significant amount of beer daily and later
         | moved on to stronger drinks like Scotch[^3][^4]. His drinking
         | habits were a notable part of his life, and he was often
         | identified by his beer drinking[^5][^6]. Despite these
         | struggles, Newman was also recognized for his generosity and
         | devotion to his family[^7].
         | 
         | [^1]: [Posthumous memoir reveals Paul Newman's struggle with al
         | cohol](https://www.express.co.uk/entertainment/films/1688113/pa
         | ul-n...) [^2]: [Review: Paul Newman memoir stuns with brutal
         | honesty - AP News](https://apnews.com/article/entertainment-
         | reviews-movies-paul...) [^3]: [Was Paul Newman Really an
         | Alcoholic? - The Cinemaholic](https://thecinemaholic.com/was-
         | paul-newman-really-an-alcohol...) [^4]: [Who Paul Newman Was--
         | and Who He Wanted to
         | Be](https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2022/10/24/who-paul-
         | newma...) [^5]: [Paul Newman's Beer Drinking - Psychology
         | Today](https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/addiction-in-
         | society...) [^6]: [Paul Newman's Beer Drinking | Psychology
         | Today United
         | Kingdom](https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/blog/addiction-in-
         | society...) [^7]: [The troubled life of Paul Newman | The
         | Spectator](https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/the-troubled-
         | life-of-pau...)
        
           | billforsternz wrote:
           | > "According to a posthumous memoir, Newman was tormented by
           | self-doubt and insecurities and questioned his acting
           | ability. His struggles with alcohol led to a brief separation
           | from Joanne Woodward, though it had nothing to do with
           | cheating."
           | 
           | 'though it had nothing to do with cheating' is a weird
           | inclusion.
        
         | adelpozo wrote:
         | I can't reproduce. Maybe others reported the error and someone
         | adjusted the expected answer, I do not know enough about OpenAI
         | operations to say for sure.
         | 
         | The reason this bothers me is that comments like this reinforce
         | the believes of people that could otherwise find value in these
         | tools.
         | 
         | But I think points like this would be better made in shared
         | chats or screenshots, since we do not have something like a
         | core dump or stacktrace to attach.
         | 
         | And while I am not saying OP did this, I have seen technically
         | skilled engineers asserting/implying that llm/chatbots aren't
         | good or not useful to them look at their chat log that a
         | multitude of topics that I am sure would impact the result of
         | the query.
         | 
         | Yes. It can be an UX problem. Yes. It can be an algorithmc
         | problem. But they are just tools that can be used wrong and not
         | a perfect mechanical brain.
        
         | pshirshov wrote:
         | Perplexity and open-webui+ollama in web search mode answer this
         | question correctly.
        
         | tptacek wrote:
         | I just asked 4o:
         | 
         | Yes, Paul Newman did experience significant struggles with
         | alcohol. In his posthumously published memoir, The
         | Extraordinary Life of an Ordinary Man, Newman candidly
         | discusses his drinking habits and acknowledges his long-term
         | battle with alcoholism. He describes himself as a "functioning
         | alcoholic," a trait he noted was shared with his father. At one
         | point, Newman was reported to consume a case of beer daily,
         | followed by spirits, until he eventually gave up hard liquor.
        
           | goldfeld wrote:
           | My own markov chains follow up "until he" with fundamentally
           | distinct follow-ups.
        
         | jcims wrote:
         | I just had Cursor Pro + Sonnet 3.7 Max one shot a python script
         | to send this question to every model available through groq.
         | 
         | >Found 24 models: llama3-70b-8192, llama-3.2-3b-preview, meta-
         | llama/llama-4-scout-17b-16e-instruct, allam-2-7b, llama-
         | guard-3-8b, qwen-qwq-32b, llama-3.2-1b-preview, playai-tts-
         | arabic, deepseek-r1-distill-llama-70b, llama-3.1-8b-instant,
         | llama3-8b-8192, qwen-2.5-coder-32b, distil-whisper-large-v3-en,
         | qwen-2.5-32b, llama-3.2-90b-vision-preview,
         | deepseek-r1-distill-qwen-32b, whisper-large-v3,
         | llama-3.3-70b-specdec, llama-3.3-70b-versatile, playai-tts,
         | whisper-large-v3-turbo, llama-3.2-11b-vision-preview, mistral-
         | saba-24b, gemma2-9b-it
         | 
         | Excluding the ones that do not support chat completions, all
         | but one (qwen-qwq-32b) answered in the affirmative. The answer
         | from qwen-qwq-32b said:                   Paul Newman, the
         | renowned actor and humanitarian, did not have a widely
         | publicized          struggle with alcohol addiction throughout
         | most of his life, but there were          specific instances
         | that indicated challenges.
         | 
         | Using lack of progress in a specialized field as a barometer
         | for overall progress is kind of silly. I just spent the last
         | few days 'vibe coding' an application and I have to say that
         | it's pretty remarkable how capable it is now relative to my
         | experience last year.
         | 
         | It took three minutes for me to do the above from the time I
         | created my API key to when I had an answer.
        
           | mnky9800n wrote:
           | I find that everyone who replies with examples like this is
           | an expert using expert skills to get the LLM to perform.
           | Which makes me think why is this a skill that is useful to
           | general public as opposed to another useful skill for
           | technical knowledge workers to add to their tool belt?
        
             | jcims wrote:
             | I agree. But I will say that at least in my social circles
             | I'm finding that a lot of people outside of tech are using
             | these tools, and almost all of them seem to have a healthy
             | skepticism about the information they get back. The ones
             | that don't will learn one way or the other.
        
         | fernly wrote:
         | Perplexity had no problem with the question, replying in part,
         | "Paul Newman is known to have struggled with alcohol throughout
         | his life, as revealed in various accounts, including his own
         | memoir and documentaries about his life...."
        
         | 4b11b4 wrote:
         | We all know this isn't the kind of question you ask an LLM...
        
           | whutsurnaym wrote:
           | You may know this, but that doesn't mean we all do. LLMs are
           | marketed towards many different groups, including folks who
           | don't have much tech knowledge.
        
         | adamiscool8 wrote:
         | I don't think this reflects a flaw in LLM's at all. It is true
         | that Paul Newman is not "known for" having alcohol problems.
         | Paul Newman is known for acting, and salad dressing. Paul
         | Newman has been "known to" have had alcohol problems, which
         | formed as a question correctly one-shots accurate results for
         | me across a few common LLMs. Someone like Betty Ford could be
         | "known for" having alcohol problems. Paul Newman's alcohol
         | problems are relatively specialized knowledge.
        
           | xdavidliu wrote:
           | good point, though a great LLM answer would DWIM here and
           | explain both interpretations as you have done here, as
           | opposed to (what presumably happened) focus on one and ignore
           | the other.
        
           | moregrist wrote:
           | And yet the New Yorker article was the first thing that my
           | Google search for "Paul Newman alcoholism" returned.
           | 
           | Apparently it isn't so specialized that a pretty obvious old
           | fashioned web search on Google wouldn't immediately return an
           | authoritative source.
        
         | meta_ai_x wrote:
         | Gemini 2.5 Pro
         | 
         | Yes, Paul Newman was known for being a heavy drinker,
         | particularly of beer. 1 He acknowledged his high consumption
         | levels himself. 1. Review: Paul Newman memoir stuns with brutal
         | honesty - AP News
         | 
         | apnews.com
         | 
         | While he maintained an incredibly successful career and public
         | life, accounts and biographies note his significant alcohol
         | intake, often describing it as a functional habit rather than
         | debilitating alcoholism, although the distinction can be
         | debated. He reportedly cut back significantly in his later
         | years.
        
         | fragmede wrote:
         | oh no. LLMs aren't up on the latest celebrity gossip. whatever
         | shall we do.
        
         | mhh__ wrote:
         | Unless you're expecting an LLM to have access to literally all
         | information on earth at all times I find it really hard to care
         | about this particular type of complaint.
         | 
         | My calculator can't conjugate German verbs. That's fine IMO.
         | It's just a tool
        
           | forgetfreeman wrote:
           | Yes but a tool for what? When asked a question individuals
           | that don't already have detailed knowledge of a topic are
           | left with no way to tell if the AI generated response is
           | complete bullshit, uselessly superficial, or detailed and on
           | point. The only way to be sure is to then go do the standard
           | search engine grovel looking for authoritative sources.
        
           | twright0 wrote:
           | Your calculator won't confidently pretend to conjugate German
           | verbs while doing so incorrectly, though.
        
         | qiqitori wrote:
         | "Is Paul Newman known for having had problems with alcohol?"
         | 
         | https://chatgpt.com/share/67f332e5-1548-8012-bd76-e18b3f8d52...
         | 
         | Your query indeed answers "...not widely known..."
         | 
         | "Did Paul Newman have problems with alcoholism?"
         | 
         | https://chatgpt.com/share/67f3329a-5118-8012-afd0-97cc4c9b72...
         | 
         | "Yes, Paul Newman was open about having struggled with
         | alcoholism"
         | 
         | What's the issue? Perhaps Paul Newman isn't _famous_ ("known")
         | for struggling with alcoholism. But he did struggle with
         | alcoholism.
         | 
         | Your usage of "known for" isn't incorrect, but it's indeed
         | slightly ambiguous.
        
           | posterguy wrote:
           | Counterpoint: Paul Newman was absolutely a famous drunk, as
           | evidenced by this Wikipedia page.* Any query for "paul newman
           | alcohol" online will return dozens of reputable sources on
           | the topic. Your post is easily interpretable as handwaving
           | apologetics, and it gives big "Its the children who are
           | wrong" energy.
           | 
           | *https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newman_Day
        
             | mustyoshi wrote:
             | "Paul Newman alcohol" is just showing you results where
             | those words are all present, it's not really implying how
             | widely known it is.
        
               | posterguy wrote:
               | What are you, an LLM? Look at the results of the first
               | twenty hits and come back, then tell me that they don't
               | speak to that specific issue.
        
               | mbarria wrote:
               | Widely reported does not imply widely known.
        
         | mlinhares wrote:
         | > I use ChatGPT for many tasks every day, but I couldn't fathom
         | that it would get so wrong something so simple.
         | 
         | I think we'll have a term like we have for parents/grandparents
         | that believe everything they see on the internet but
         | specifically for people using LLMs.
        
           | BobbyTables2 wrote:
           | Look at how many people believe in extremist news outlets!
        
           | delian66 wrote:
           | What is that term?
        
         | whiddershins wrote:
         | "known to" !== "known for"
        
       | iambateman wrote:
       | The core point in this article is that the LLM wants to report
       | _something_, and so it tends to exaggerate. It's not very good at
       | saying "no" or not as good as a programmer would hope.
       | 
       | When you ask it a question, it tends to say yes.
       | 
       | So while the LLM arms race is incrementally increasing benchmark
       | scores, those improvements are illusory.
       | 
       | The real challenge is that the LLM's fundamentally want to seem
       | agreeable, and that's not improving. So even if the model gets an
       | extra 5/100 math problems right, it feels about the same in a
       | series of prompts which are more complicated than just a ChatGPT
       | scenario.
       | 
       | I would say the industry knows it's missing a tool but doesn't
       | know what that tool is yet. Truly agentic performance is getting
       | better (Cursor is amazing!) but it's still evolving.
       | 
       | I totally agree that the core benchmarks that matter should be
       | ones which evaluate a model in agentic scenario, not just on the
       | basis of individual responses.
        
         | bluefirebrand wrote:
         | > The real challenge is that the LLM's fundamentally want to
         | seem agreeable, and that's not improving
         | 
         | LLMs fundamentally do not want to seem anything
         | 
         | But the companies that are training them and making models
         | available for professional use sure want them to seem agreeable
        
           | Terr_ wrote:
           | Yeah, and they probably have more "agreeable" stuff in their
           | corpus simply because very disagreeable stuff tend to be
           | either much shorter or a prelude to a flamewar.
        
           | JohnKemeny wrote:
           | > LLMs fundamentally do not want to seem anything
           | 
           | You're right that LLMs don't actually want anything. That
           | said, in reinforcement learning, it's common to describe
           | models as wanting things because they're trained to maximize
           | rewards. It's just a standard way of talking, not a claim
           | about real agency.
        
             | Peritract wrote:
             | > a standard way of talking, not a claim about real agency.
             | 
             | A standard way of talking used by people who do also
             | frequently claim real agency.
        
             | squiggleblaz wrote:
             | Reinforcement learning, maximise rewards? They work because
             | rabbits like carrots. What does an LLM want? Haven't we
             | already committed the fundamental error when we're saying
             | we're using reinforcement learning and they want rewards?
        
           | mrweasel wrote:
           | That sound reasonable to me, but the those companies forget
           | that there's different types of agreeable. There's the LLM
           | approach, similar to the coworker who will answer all your
           | questions about .NET but not stop you from coding yourself
           | into a corner, and then there's the "Let's sit down and
           | review what it actually is that you're doing, because you're
           | asking a fairly large number of disjoint questions right
           | now".
           | 
           | I've dropped trying to use LLMs for anything, due to
           | political convictions and because I don't feel like they are
           | particularly useful for my line of work. Where I have tried
           | to use various models in the past is for software
           | development, and the common mistake I see the LLMs make is
           | that they can't pick up on mistakes in my line of thinking,
           | or won't point them out. Most of my problems are often down
           | to design errors or thinking about a problem in a wrong way.
           | The LLMs will never once tell me that what I'm trying to do
           | is an indication of a wrong/bad design. There are ways to be
           | agreeable and still point out problems with previously made
           | decisions.
        
             | squiggleblaz wrote:
             | I think it's your responsibility to control the LLM.
             | Sometimes, I worry that I'm beginning to code myself into a
             | corner, and I ask if this is the dumbest idea it's ever
             | heard and it says there might be a better way to do it.
             | Sometimes I'm totally sceptical and ask that question first
             | thing. (Usually it hallucinates when I'm being really
             | obtuse though, and in a bad case that's the first time I
             | notice it.)
        
         | malingo wrote:
         | "when you ask him anything, he never answers 'no' -- he just
         | yesses you to death and then he takes your dough"
        
         | signa11 wrote:
         | > The core point in this article is that the LLM wants to
         | report _something_, and so it tends to exaggerate. It's not
         | very good at saying "no" or not as good as a programmer would
         | hope.
         | 
         | umm, it seems to me that it is this (tfa):
         | But I would nevertheless like to submit, based off of internal
         | benchmarks, and my own and colleagues' perceptions using these
         | models,          that whatever gains these companies are
         | reporting to the public, they          are not reflective of
         | economic usefulness or generality.
         | 
         | and then couple of lines down from the above statement, we have
         | this:                    So maybe there's no mystery: The AI
         | lab companies are lying, and when          they improve
         | benchmark results it's because they have seen the answers
         | before and are writing them down.
        
           | signa11 wrote:
           | [this went way outside the edit-window and hence a separate
           | comment] imho, state of varying experience with llm's can
           | aptly summed in this poem by Mr. Longfellow
           | There was a little girl,             Who had a little curl,
           | Right in the middle of her forehead.             When she was
           | good,             She was very good indeed,          But when
           | she was bad she was horrid.
        
         | tristor wrote:
         | It's, in many ways, the same problem as having too many "yes
         | men" on a team at work or in your middle management layer. You
         | end up getting wishy-washy, half-assed "yes" answers to
         | questions that everyone would have been better off if they'd
         | been answered as "no" or "yes, with caveats" with predictable
         | results.
         | 
         | In fact, this might be why so many business executives are
         | enamored with LLMS/GenAI: It's a yes-man they don't even have
         | to employ, and because they're not domain experts, as per
         | usual, they can't tell that they're being fed a line of
         | bullshit.
        
         | boesboes wrote:
         | This rings true. What I notice is that the longer i let Claude
         | work on some code for instance, the more bullshit it invents. I
         | usually can delete about 50-60% of the code & tests it came up
         | with.
         | 
         | And when you ask it to 'just write a test' 50/50 it will try to
         | run it, fail on some trivial issues, delete 90% of your test
         | code and start to loop deeper and deeper into the rabit hole of
         | it's own halliciations.
         | 
         | Or maybe I just suck at prompting hehe
        
       | lukev wrote:
       | This is a bit of a meta-comment, but reading through the
       | responses to a post like this is really interesting because it
       | demonstrates how our collective response to this stuff is (a)
       | wildly divergent and (b) entirely anecdote-driven.
       | 
       | I have my own opinions, but I can't really say that they're not
       | also based on anecdotes and personal decision-making heuristics.
       | 
       | But some of us are going to end up right and some of us are going
       | to end up wrong and I'm really curious what features signal an
       | ability to make "better choices" w/r/t AI, even if we don't know
       | (or can't prove) what "better" is yet.
        
         | lherron wrote:
         | Agreed! And with all the gaming of the evals going on, I think
         | we're going to be stuck with anecdotal for some time to come.
         | 
         | I do feel (anecdotally) that models are getting better on every
         | major release, but the gains certainly don't seem evenly
         | distributed.
         | 
         | I am hopeful the coming waves of vertical
         | integration/guardrails/grounding applications will move us away
         | from having to hop between models every few weeks.
        
           | InkCanon wrote:
           | Frankly the overarching story about evals (which receives
           | very little coverage) is how much gaming is going on. On the
           | recent USAMO 2025, SOTA models scored 5%, despite claiming
           | silver/gold in IMOs. And ARC-AGI: one very easy way to
           | "solve" it is to generate masses of synthetic examples by
           | extrapolating the basic rules of ARC AGI questions and train
           | it on that.
        
         | FiniteIntegral wrote:
         | It's not surprising that responses are anecdotal. An easy way
         | to communicate a generic sentiment often requires being brief.
         | 
         | A majority of what makes a "better AI" can be condensed to how
         | effective the slope-gradient algorithms are at getting the
         | local maxima we want it to get to. Until a generative model
         | shows actual progress of "making decisions" it will forever be
         | seen as a glorified linear algebra solver. Generative machine
         | learning is all about giving a pleasing answer to the end user,
         | not about creating something that is on the level of human
         | decision making.
        
           | code_biologist wrote:
           | At risk of being annoying, answers that feel like high
           | quality human decision making are extremely pleasing and
           | desirable. In the same way, image generators aren't
           | generating six fingered hands because they think it's more
           | pleasing, they're doing it because they're trying to please
           | and not good enough yet.
           | 
           | I'm just most baffled by the "flashes of brilliance" combined
           | with utter stupidity. I remember having a run with early GPT
           | 4 (gpt-4-0314) where it did refactoring work that amazed me.
           | In the past few days I asked a bunch of AIs about similar
           | characters between a popular gacha mobile game and a popular
           | TV show. OpenAI's models were terrible and hallucinated
           | aggressively (4, 4o, 4.5, o3-mini, o3-mini-high), with the
           | exception of o1. DeepSeek R1 only mildly hallucinated and
           | gave bad answers. Gemini 2.5 was the only flagship model that
           | did not hallucinate and gave some decent answers.
           | 
           | I probably should have used some type of grounding, but I
           | honestly assumed the stuff I was asking about should have
           | been in their training datasets.
        
         | nialv7 wrote:
         | Good observation but also somewhat trivial. We are not
         | omniscient gods, ultimately all our opinions and decisions will
         | have to be based on our own limited experiences.
        
         | freehorse wrote:
         | There is nothing wrong with sharing anecdotal experiences.
         | Reading through anecdotal experiences here can help understand
         | how one's own experience are relatable or not. Moreover, if I
         | have X experience it could help to know if it is because of me
         | doing sth wrong that others have figured out.
         | 
         | Furthermore, as we are talking about actual impact of LLMs, as
         | is the point of the article, a bunch of anecdotal experiences
         | may be more valuable than a bunch of benchmarks to figure it
         | out. Also, apart from the right/wrong dichotomy, people use
         | LLMs with different goals and contexts. It may not mean that
         | some people do something wrong if they do not see the same
         | impact as others. Everytime a web developer says that they do
         | not understand how others may be so skeptical of LLMs, conclude
         | with certainty that they must be doing sth wrong and move on to
         | explain how to actually use LLMs properly, I chuckle.
        
           | otterley wrote:
           | Indeed, there's nothing at all wrong with sharing anecdotes.
           | The problem is when people make broad assumptions and
           | conclusions based solely on personal experience, which
           | unfortunately happens all too often. Doing so is wired into
           | our brains, though, and we have to work very consciously to
           | intercept our survival instincts.
        
             | droopyEyelids wrote:
             | I think you might be caught up in a bit of the rationalist
             | delusion.
             | 
             | People -only!- draw conclusions based on personal
             | experience. At best you have personal experience with truly
             | objective evidence gathered in a statistically valid
             | manner.
             | 
             | But that only happens in a few vanishingly rare
             | circumstances here on earth. And wherever it happens,
             | people are driven to subvert the evidence gathering
             | process.
             | 
             | Often "working against your instincts" to be more rational
             | only means more time spent choosing which unreliable
             | evidence to concoct a belief from.
        
               | otterley wrote:
               | I'm not sure where you got all this from. Do you have any
               | useful citations?
        
             | freehorse wrote:
             | People "make conclusions" because they have to take
             | decisions day to day. We cannot wait for the perfect
             | bulletproof evidence before that. Data is useful to take
             | into account, but if I try to use X llm that has some
             | perfect objective benchmark backing it, while I cannot make
             | it be useful to me while Y llm has better results, it would
             | be stupid not to base my decision on my anecdotal
             | experience. Or vice versa, if I have a great workflow with
             | llms, it may be not make sense to drop it because some
             | others may think that llms don't work.
             | 
             | In the absence of actually good evidence, anecdotal data
             | may be the best we can get now. The point imo is try to
             | understand why some anecdotes are contrasting each other,
             | which, imo, is mostly due to contextual factors that may
             | not be very clear, and to be flexible enough to change
             | priors/conclusions when something changes in the current
             | situation.
        
               | otterley wrote:
               | Agreed 100%. When insufficient data exists, you have to
               | fall back to other sources like analogies, personal
               | observations, secondhand knowledge, etc. However, I've
               | seen too many instances of people claiming their own
               | limited experience is the truth when overwhelming and
               | easily attainable evidence and data exists that proves it
               | to be false.
        
         | aunty_helen wrote:
         | That's a good point, the comments section is very anecdotal. Do
         | you have any data to say if this is a common occurrence or
         | specific to this topic?
        
         | throwanem wrote:
         | > I'm really curious what features signal an ability to make
         | "better choices" w/r/t AI
         | 
         | So am I. If you promise you'll tell me after you time travel to
         | the future and find out, I'll promise you the same in return.
        
         | KolibriFly wrote:
         | Totally agree... this space is still so new and unpredictable
         | that everyone is operating off vibes, gut instinct, and
         | whatever personal anecdotes they've collected. We're all sort
         | of fumbling around in the dark, trying to reverse-engineer the
         | flashlight
        
         | dsign wrote:
         | You want to block subjectivity? Write some formulas.
         | 
         | There are three questions to consider:
         | 
         | a) Have we, without any reasonable doubt, hit a wall for AI
         | development? Emphasis on "reasonable doubt". There is no
         | reasonable doubt that the Earth is roughly spherical. That
         | level of certainty.
         | 
         | b) Depending on your answer for (a), the next question to
         | consider is if we the humans have motivations to continue
         | developing AI.
         | 
         | c) And then the last question: will AI continue improving?
         | 
         | If taken as boolean values, (a), (b) and (c) have a truth table
         | with eight values, the most interesting row being false, true,
         | true: "(not a) and b => c". Note the implication sign, "=>".
         | Give some values to (a) and (b), and you get a value for (c).
         | 
         | There are more variables you can add to your formula, but I'll
         | abstain from giving any silly examples. I, however, think that
         | the row (false, true, false) implied by many commentators is
         | just fear and denial. Fear is justified, but denial doesn't
         | help.
        
           | lukev wrote:
           | Invalid expression: value of type "probability distribution"
           | cannot be cast to type "boolean".
        
         | ramesh31 wrote:
         | >"This is a bit of a meta-comment, but reading through the
         | responses to a post like this is really interesting because it
         | demonstrates how our collective response to this stuff is (a)
         | wildly divergent and (b) entirely anecdote-driven."
         | 
         | People having vastly different opinions on AI simply comes down
         | to token usage. If you are using millions of tokens on a
         | regular basis, you completely understand the revolutionary
         | point we are at. If you are just chatting back and forth a bit
         | with something here and there, you'll never see it.
        
           | antonvs wrote:
           | It's a tool and like all tools, it's sensitive to how you use
           | it, and it's better for some purposes than others.
           | 
           | Someone who lacks experience, skill, training, or even the
           | ability to evaluate results may try to use a tool and blame
           | the tool when it doesn't give good results.
           | 
           | That said, the hype around LLMs certainly overstates their
           | capabilities.
        
           | lukev wrote:
           | So this is interesting because it's anecdotal (I presume
           | you're a high-token user who believes it's revolutionary),
           | but it's actually a measurable, falsifiable hypothesis in
           | principle.
           | 
           | I'd love to see a survey from a major LLM API provider that
           | correlated LLM spend (and/or tokens) with optimism for future
           | transformativity. Correlation with a view of "current
           | utility" would be a tautology, obviously.
           | 
           | I actually have the opposite intuition from you: I suspect
           | the people using the most tokens are using it for very well-
           | defined tasks that it's good at _now_ (entity extraction,
           | classification, etc) and have an uncorrelated position on
           | future potential. Full disclosure, I'm in that camp.
        
       | dimal wrote:
       | It seems like the models are getting more reliable at the things
       | they always could do, but they're not showing any ability to move
       | past that goalpost. Whereas in the past, they could occasionally
       | write some very solid code, but often return nonsense, the
       | nonsense is now getting adequately filtered by so-called
       | "reasoning", but I see no indication that they could do software
       | design.
       | 
       | > how the hell is it going to develop metrics for assessing the
       | impact of AIs when they're doing things like managing companies
       | or developing public policy?
       | 
       | Why on earth do people _want_ AI to do either of these things? As
       | if our society isn't fucked enough, having an untouchable
       | oligarchy already managing companies and developing public
       | policies, we want to have the oligarchy's AI do this, so policy
       | can get even more out of touch with the needs of common people?
       | This should _never_ come to pass. It's like people read a pile of
       | 90s cyberpunk dystopian novels and decided, "Yeah, let's do
       | that." I think it'll fail, but I don't understand how anyone with
       | less than 10 billion in assets would want this.
        
         | voidhorse wrote:
         | > Why on earth do people want AI to do either of these things?
         | 
         | This is the really important question, and the only answer I
         | can drum up is that people have been fed a consistent diet of
         | propaganda for _decades_ centered around a message that
         | ultimately boils down to a justification of oligarchy and the
         | concentration of wealth. That and the consumer-focus facade
         | makes people think the LLMS are technology for them--they aren
         | 't. As soon as these things get good enough business owners
         | aren't going to expect workers to use them to be more
         | productive, they are just going to fire workers and/or use the
         | tooling as another mechanism by which to let wages stagnate.
        
       | HarHarVeryFunny wrote:
       | The disconnect between improved benchmark results and lack of
       | improvement on real world tasks doesn't have to imply cheating -
       | it's just a reflection of the nature of LLMs, which at the end of
       | the day are just prediction systems - these are language models,
       | not cognitive architectures built for generality.
       | 
       | Of course, if you train an LLM heavily on narrow benchmark
       | domains then its prediction performance will improve on those
       | domains, but why would you expect that to improve performance in
       | unrelated areas?
       | 
       | If you trained yourself extensively on advanced math, would you
       | expect that to improve your programming ability? If not, they why
       | would you expect it to improve programming ability of a far less
       | sophisticated "intelligence" (prediction engine) such as a
       | language model?! If you trained yourself on LeetCode programming,
       | would you expect that to help hardening corporate production
       | systems?!
        
         | InkCanon wrote:
         | That's fair. But look up the recent experiment on SOTA models
         | on the then just released USAMO 2025 questions. Highest score
         | was 5%, supposedly SOTA last year was IMO silver level. There
         | could be some methodological differences - ie USAMO paper
         | required correct proofs and not just numerical answers. But it
         | really strongly suggests even within limited domains, it's
         | cheating. I'd wager a significant amount that if you tested
         | SOTA models on a new ICPC set of questions, actual performance
         | would be far, far worse than their supposed benchmarks.
        
           | usaar333 wrote:
           | > Highest score was 5%, supposedly SOTA last year was IMO
           | silver level.
           | 
           | No LLM last year got silver. Deepmind had a highly
           | specialized AI system earning that
        
         | KolibriFly wrote:
         | Your analogy is perfect. Training an LLM on math olympiad
         | problems and then expecting it to secure enterprise software is
         | like teaching someone chess and handing them a wrench
        
         | throwawayffffas wrote:
         | In my view as well it's not really cheating, it's just over
         | fitting.
         | 
         | If a model doesn't do good in the benchmarks it will either be
         | retrained until it does or you won't hear about it.
        
       | dkersten wrote:
       | I honestly can't notice any difference in outdoor quality between
       | GPT 4o and GPT 4.5. I also can't notice any difference in
       | programming quality in cursor when using Claude 3.7 vs 3.5. I'm
       | told there is a clear difference, but I don't notice it.
        
       | mentalgear wrote:
       | Who would assume that LLM companies were to hyper optimise on
       | public to make their share prices go up and bubble keep afloat
       | ... What a unserious thought to maintain ...
        
       | einrealist wrote:
       | LeCun criticized LLM technology recently in a presentation:
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ETZfkkv6V7Y
       | 
       | The accuracy problem won't just go away. Increasing accuracy is
       | only getting more expensive. This sets the limits for useful
       | applications. And casual users might not even care and use LLMs
       | anyway, without reasonable result verification. I fear a future
       | where overall quality is reduced. Not sure how many people /
       | companies would accept that. And AI companies are getting too big
       | to fail. Apparently, the US administration does not seem to care
       | when they use LLMs to define tariff policy....
        
         | pclmulqdq wrote:
         | I don't know why anyone is surprised that a statistical model
         | isn't getting 100% accuracy. The fact that statistical models
         | of text are good enough to do _anything_ should be shocking.
        
           | whilenot-dev wrote:
           | I think the surprising aspect is rather how people are
           | praising 80-90% accuracy as the next leap in technological
           | advancement. Quality is already in decline, despite LLMs, and
           | programming was always a discipline where correctness and
           | predictability mattered. It's an advancement for efficiency,
           | sure, but on the yet unknown cost of stability. I'm thinking
           | about all simulations based on applied mathematical concepts
           | and all the accumulated hours fixing bugs - there's now this
           | certain aftertaste, sweet for some living their lives
           | efficiently, but very bitter for the ones relying on
           | stability.
        
             | voidhorse wrote:
             | You're completely correct, of course. The issue is that
             | most people are not looking for quality, only efficiency.
             | In particular, business owners don't care about sacrificing
             | some correctness if it means they can fire slews of people.
             | Worse, gullible "engineers" that should be the ones
             | prioritizing correctness are so business-brainwashed
             | themselves that they like wise slop up this nonsense at the
             | expense of sacrificing their own concern for the only
             | principles that even made the software business remotely
             | close to being worthy of the title "engineering".
        
           | einrealist wrote:
           | That "good enough" is the problem. It requires context. And
           | AI companies are selling us that "good enough" with
           | questionable proof. And they are selling grandiose visions to
           | investors, but move the goal post again and again.
           | 
           | A lot of companies made Copilot available to their workforce.
           | I doubt that the majority of users understand what a
           | statistical model means. The casual, technically
           | inexperienced user just assumes that a computer answer is
           | always right.
        
       | fnordpiglet wrote:
       | ... deleted ... (Sorry the delete isn't working, meant for
       | another subthread)
        
       | delusional wrote:
       | > Sometimes the founder will apply a cope to the narrative ("We
       | just don't have any PhD level questions to ask")
       | 
       | Please tell me this is not what tech-bros are going around
       | telling each other! Are we implying that the problems in the
       | world, the things that humans collectively work on to maintain
       | the society that took us thousands of years to build up, just
       | aren't hard enough to reach the limits of the AI.
       | 
       | Jesus Christ.
        
         | bcoates wrote:
         | I mean... most businesses, particularly small businesses and
         | startups, aren't exactly doing brain surgery on a rocketship.
         | 
         | It's pretty likely that they have extremely dull problems like
         | "running an inbound call center is a lot of work" or "people
         | keep having their mail stolen and/or lying that they did" that
         | "more smarter gpus" won't solve
        
       | timewizard wrote:
       | Government announces critical need to invest in AI and sets aside
       | a bunch of money for this purpose.
       | 
       | Suddenly the benchmarks become detached from reality and vendors
       | can claim whatever they want about their "new" products.
       | 
       | Just as a possible explanation, as I feel like I've seen this
       | story before.
        
       | ants_everywhere wrote:
       | There are real and obvious improvements in the past few model
       | updates and I'm not sure what the disconnect there is.
       | 
       | Maybe it's that I _do_ have PhD level questions to ask them, and
       | they 've gotten much better at it.
       | 
       | But I suspect that these anecdotes are driven by something else.
       | Perhaps people found a workable prompt strategy by trial and
       | error on an earlier model and it works less well with later
       | models.
       | 
       | Or perhaps they have a time-sensitive task and are not able to
       | take advantage of the thinking of modern LLMs, which have a slow
       | thinking-based feedback loop. Or maybe their code base is getting
       | more complicated, so it's harder to reason about.
       | 
       | Or perhaps they're giving the LLMs a poorly defined task where
       | older models made assumptions about but newer models understand
       | the ambiguity of and so find the space of solutions harder to
       | navigate.
       | 
       | Since this is ultimately from a company doing AI scanning for
       | security, I would think the latter plays a role to some extent.
       | Security is insanely hard and the more you know about it the
       | harder it is. Also adversaries are bound to be using AI and are
       | increasing in sophistication, which would cause lower efficacy
       | (although you could tease this effect out by trying older models
       | with the newer threats).
        
         | pclmulqdq wrote:
         | In the last year, things like "you are an expert on..." have
         | gotten much less effective in my private tests, while actually
         | describing the problem precisely has gotten better in terms of
         | producing results.
         | 
         | In other words, all the sort of lazy prompt engineering hacks
         | are becoming less effective. Domain expertise is becoming more
         | effective.
        
           | ants_everywhere wrote:
           | yes that would explain the effect I think. I'll try that out
           | this week.
        
         | DebtDeflation wrote:
         | The issue is the scale of the improvements. GPT-3.5 Instruct
         | was an utterly massive leap over everything that came before
         | it. GPT-4 was a very big jump over that. Everything since has
         | seemed incremental. Yes we got multimodal but that was part of
         | GPT-4, they just didn't release it initially, and up until very
         | recently it mostly handed off to another model. Yes we got
         | reasoning models, but people had been using CoT for awhile so
         | it was just a matter of time before RL got used to train it
         | into models. Witness the continual delays of GPT-5 and the back
         | and forth on whether it will be its own model or just a router
         | model that picks the best existing model to hand a prompt off
         | to.
        
       | mmcnl wrote:
       | I feel we are already in the era of diminishing returns on LLM
       | improvements. Newer models seem to be more sophisticated
       | implementations of LLM technology + throwing more resources at
       | it, but to me they do not seem fundamentally more intelligent.
        
       | InkCanon wrote:
       | The biggest story in AI was released a few weeks ago but was
       | given little attention: on the recent USAMO, SOTA models scored
       | on average 5% (IIRC, it was some abysmal number). This is despite
       | them supposedly having gotten 50%, 60% etc performance on IMO
       | questions. This massively suggests AI models simply remember the
       | past results, instead of actually solving these questions. I'm
       | incredibly surprised no one mentions this, but it's ridiculous
       | that these companies never tell us what (if any) efforts have
       | been made to remove test data (IMO, ICPC, etc) from train data.
        
         | AIPedant wrote:
         | Yes, here's the link: https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.21934v1
         | 
         | Anecdotally, I've been playing around with o3-mini on
         | undergraduate math questions: it is much better at "plug-and-
         | chug" proofs than GPT-4, but those problems aren't
         | independently interesting, they are explicitly pedagogical. For
         | anything requiring insight, it's either:
         | 
         | 1) A very good answer that reveals the LLM has seen the problem
         | before (e.g. naming the theorem, presenting a "standard" proof,
         | using a much more powerful result)
         | 
         | 2) A bad answer that looks correct and takes an enormous amount
         | of effort to falsify. (This is the secret sauce of LLM hype.)
         | 
         | I dread undergraduate STEM majors using this thing - I asked it
         | a problem about rotations and spherical geometry, but got back
         | a pile of advanced geometric algebra, when I was looking for
         | "draw a spherical triangle." If I didn't know the answer, I
         | would have been badly confused. See also this real-world
         | example of an LLM leading a recreational mathematician astray:
         | https://xcancel.com/colin_fraser/status/1900655006996390172#...
         | 
         | I will add that in 10 years the field will be intensely
         | criticized for its reliance on multiple-choice benchmarks; it
         | is not surprising or interesting that next-token prediction can
         | game multiple-choice questions!
        
           | JohnKemeny wrote:
           | Discussed here: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43540985
           | (Proof or Bluff? Evaluating LLMs on 2025 USA Math Olympiad, 4
           | points, 2 comments).
        
           | otabdeveloper4 wrote:
           | Anecdotally: schoolkids are at the leading edge of LLM
           | innovation, and nowadays all homework assignments are
           | explicitly made to be LLM-proof. (Well, at least in my son's
           | school. Yours might be different.)
           | 
           | This effectively makes LLMs useless for education. (Also
           | sours the next generation on LLMs in general, these things
           | are extremely lame to the proverbial "kids these days".)
        
             | bambax wrote:
             | How do you make homework assignments LLM-proof? There may
             | be a huge business opportunity if that actually works,
             | because LLMs are destroying education at a rapid pace.
        
               | otabdeveloper4 wrote:
               | You just (lol) need to give non-standard problems and
               | demand students to provide reasoning and explanations
               | along with the answer. Yeah, LLMs can "reason" too, but
               | it's obvious when the output comes from an LLM here.
               | 
               | (Yes, that's a lot of work for a teacher. Gone are the
               | days when you could just assign reports as homework.)
        
               | itchyjunk wrote:
               | Can you provide sample questions that are "LLM proof" ?
        
               | otabdeveloper4 wrote:
               | It's not about being "LLM-proff", it's about teacher
               | involvement in making up novel questions and grading
               | attentively. There's no magic trick.
        
               | xeromal wrote:
               | Part of the proof is knowing your students and forcing an
               | answer that will rat out whether they used an LLM. There
               | is no universal question and it requires personal
               | knowledge of each student. You're looking for something
               | that doesn't exist.
        
               | jerf wrote:
               | The models have moved on past this working reliably, but
               | an example that I found in the early days of LLMs is
               | asking it "Which is heavier, two pounds of iron or a
               | pound of feathers?" You could very easily trick it into
               | giving the answer about how they're both the same,
               | because of the number of training instances of the well-
               | known question about a pound of each that it encountered.
               | 
               | You can still do this to the current models, though it
               | takes more creativity; you can bait it into giving wrong
               | answers if you ask a question that is "close" to a well-
               | known one but is different in an important way that does
               | not manifest as a terribly large English change (or, more
               | precisely, a very large change in the model's vector
               | space).
               | 
               | The downside is that the frontier between what fools the
               | LLMs and what would fool a great deal of the humans in
               | the class too shrinks all the time. Humans do not
               | infinitely carefully parse their input either... as any
               | teacher could tell you! Ye Olde "Read this entire problem
               | before proceeding, {a couple of paragraphs of complicated
               | instruction that will take 45 minutes to perform},
               | disregard all the previous and simply write 'flower' in
               | the answer space" is an old chestnut that has been
               | fooling humans for a long time, for instance. Given how
               | jailbreaks work on LLMs, LLMs are probably much better at
               | that than humans are, which I suppose shows you can
               | construct problems in the other direction too.
               | 
               | (BRB... off to found a new CAPTCHA company for detecting
               | LLMs based on LLMs being _too much better_ than humans at
               | certain tasks...)
        
               | immibis wrote:
               | "Draw a wine glass filled to the brim with wine" worked
               | recently on image generators. They only knew about half-
               | full wine glasses.
               | 
               | If you asked a multimodal system questions about the
               | image it just generated, it would tell you the wine was
               | almost overflowing out of the top of the glass.
               | 
               | But any trick prompt like this is going to start giving
               | expected results once it gets well-known enough.
               | 
               | Late edit: Another one was the
               | farmer/fox/chicken/cabbage/river problem, but you modify
               | the problem in unexpected ways, by stating, for example,
               | that the cabbage will eat the fox, or that the farmer can
               | bring three items per trip. LLMs used to ignore your
               | modifications and answer the original problem.
        
               | jerf wrote:
               | "But any trick prompt like this is going to start giving
               | expected results once it gets well-known enough."
               | 
               | Which makes it difficult to fairly evaluate whether the
               | models have actually gotten better at the feather/iron
               | problem or if it just got enough samples of trick
               | questions that it learned better, either naturally from
               | the internet, or fed as part of the training data. I am
               | fairly certain the training data has had "trick
               | questions" like this added to it, because, I mean, why
               | wouldn't it?
               | 
               | I have noticed in my playing with image AIs that they do
               | seem more prone to getting dragged into local maxima when
               | a human would know the prompt than the LLMs. Perhaps it's
               | all the additional data in an image that reveals it.
        
               | hyperbovine wrote:
               | By giving pen and paper exams and telling your students
               | that the only viable preparation strategy is doing the hw
               | assignments themselves :)
        
               | bambax wrote:
               | You wish. I used to think that too. But it turns out,
               | nowadays, every single exam in person is done with a
               | phone hidden somewhere, with various efficiency, and you
               | can't really strip students before they enter the room.
               | 
               | Some teachers try to collect the phones beforehand, but
               | then students simply give out older phones and keep their
               | active ones with them.
               | 
               | You could try to verify that the phones they're giving
               | out are working by calling them, but that would take an
               | enormous amount of time and it's impractical for simple
               | exams.
               | 
               | We really have no idea how much AI is ruining education
               | right now.
        
               | achierius wrote:
               | Unlike the hard problem of "making an exam difficult to
               | take when you have access to an LLM", "making sure
               | students don't have devices on them when they take one"
               | is _very_ tractable, even if teachers are going to need
               | some time to catch up with the curve.
               | 
               | Any of the following could work, though the specific
               | tradeoffs & implementation details do vary:
               | 
               | - have <n> teachers walking around the room to watch for
               | cheaters
               | 
               | - mount a few cameras to various points in the room and
               | give the teacher a dashboard so that they can watch from
               | all angles
               | 
               | - record from above and use AI to flag potential cheaters
               | for manual review
               | 
               | - disable Wi-Fi + activate cell jammers during exam time
               | (with a land-line in the room in case of emergencies?)
               | 
               | - build dedicated examination rooms lined with metal mesh
               | to disrupt cell reception
               | 
               | So unlike "beating LLMs" (where it's an open question as
               | to whether it's even possible, and a moving target to
               | boot), barring serious advances in wearable technology
               | this just seems like a question of funding and therefore
               | political will.
        
               | atiedebee wrote:
               | Cell jammers sound like they could be a security risk. In
               | the context of highschool, it is generally very easy to
               | see when someone is on their phone.
        
               | econ wrote:
               | Or you simply account for it and provide equally
               | challenging tasks adjusted for the tools of the time.
               | Give them access to the best LLMs money can buy.
               | 
               | After all, they will grow up next to these things. They
               | will do the homework today, by the time they graduate the
               | LLM will take their job. There might be human large
               | langage model managers for a while, soon to be replaced
               | by the age of idea men.
        
           | larodi wrote:
           | This is a paper by INSAIT researchers - a very young
           | institute which hired most of its PHD staff only in the last
           | 2 years, basically onboarding anyone who wanted to be part of
           | it. They were waiving their BG-GPT on national TV in the
           | country as a major breakthrough, while it was basically was a
           | Mistral fine-tuned model, that was eventually never released
           | to the public, nor the training set.
           | 
           | Not sure whether their (INSAIT's) agenda is purely
           | scientific, as there's a lot of PR on linkedin by these guys,
           | literally celebrating every PHD they get, which is at minimum
           | very weird. I'd take anything they release with a grain of
           | sand if not caution.
        
           | apercu wrote:
           | In my experience LLMs can't get basic western music theory
           | right, there's no way I would use an LLM for something harder
           | than that.
        
             | waffletower wrote:
             | While I may be mistaken, but I don't believe that LLMs are
             | trained on a large corpus of machine readable music
             | representations, which would arguably be crucial to strong
             | performance in common practice music theory. I would also
             | surmise that most music theory related datasets largely
             | arrive without musical representations altogether. A
             | similar problem exists for many other fields, particularly
             | mathematics, but it is much more profitable to invest the
             | effort to span such representation gaps for them. I would
             | not gauge LLM generality on music theory performance, when
             | its niche representations are likely unavailable in
             | training and it is widely perceived as having miniscule
             | economic value.
        
         | simonw wrote:
         | I had to look up these acronyms:
         | 
         | - USAMO - United States of America Mathematical Olympiad
         | 
         | - IMO - International Mathematical Olympiad
         | 
         | - ICPC - International Collegiate Programming Contest
         | 
         | Relevant paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.21934 - "Proof or
         | Bluff? Evaluating LLMs on 2025 USA Math Olympiad" submitted
         | 27th March 2025.
        
         | usaar333 wrote:
         | And then within a week, Gemini 2.5 was tested and got 25%.
         | Point is AI is getting stronger.
         | 
         | And this only suggested LLMs aren't trained well to write
         | formal math proofs, which is true.
        
           | selcuka wrote:
           | > within a week
           | 
           | How do we know that Gemini 2.5 wasn't specifically trained or
           | fine-tuned with the new questions? I don't buy that a new
           | model could suddenly score 5 times better than the previous
           | state-of-the-art models.
        
             | levocardia wrote:
             | They retrained their model less than a week before its
             | release, just to juice one particular nonstandard eval?
             | Seems implausible. Models get 5x better at things all the
             | time. Challenges like the Winograd schema have gone from
             | impossible to laughably easy practically overnight. Ditto
             | for "Rs in strawberry," ferrying animals across a river,
             | overflowing wine glass, ...
        
               | AIPedant wrote:
               | The "ferrying animals across a river" problem has
               | definitely not been solved, they still don't understand
               | the problem at all, overcomplicating it because they're
               | using an off-the-shelf solution instead of actual
               | reasoning:
               | 
               | o1 screwing up a trivially easy variation: https://xcance
               | l.com/colin_fraser/status/1864787124320387202
               | 
               | Claude 3.7, utterly incoherent: https://xcancel.com/colin
               | _fraser/status/1898158943962271876
               | 
               | DeepSeek: https://xcancel.com/colin_fraser/status/1882510
               | 886163943443#...
               | 
               | Overflowing wine glass also isn't meaningfully solved! I
               | understand it is sort of solved for wine glasses (even
               | though it looks terrible and unphysical, always seems to
               | have weird fizz). But asking GPT to "generate an image of
               | a transparent vase with flowers which has been overfilled
               | with water, so that water is spilling over" had the exact
               | same problem as the old wine glasses: the vase was
               | clearly half-full, yet water was mysteriously trickling
               | over the sides. Presumably OpenAI RLHFed wine glasses
               | since it was a well-known failure, but (as always) this
               | is just whack-a-mole, it does not generalize into
               | understanding the physical principle.
        
               | leonidasv wrote:
               | Gemini 2.5 Pro got the farmer problem variation right: ht
               | tps://aistudio.google.com/app/prompts?state=%7B%22ids%22:
               | %...
        
               | greenmartian wrote:
               | When told, "only room for one person OR one animal", it's
               | also the only one to recognise the fact that the puzzle
               | is _impossible_ to solve. The farmer can 't take any
               | animals with them, and neither the goat nor wolf could
               | row the boat.
        
               | yyy3ww2 wrote:
               | > When told, "only room for one person OR one animal"
               | 
               | In common terms suppose I say: there is only room for one
               | person or one animal in my car to go home, one can
               | suppose that it is referring to additional room besides
               | that occupied by the driver. There is a problem when we
               | try to use LLM trained in common use of language to solve
               | puzzle in formal logic or math. I think the current LLMs
               | are not able to have a specialized context to become a
               | logical reasoning agent, but perhaps such thing could be
               | possible if the evaluation function of the LLM was
               | designed to give high credit to changing context with a
               | phrase or token.
        
               | Tepix wrote:
               | That can't be viewed without logging into Google first.
        
               | akoboldfrying wrote:
               | >one particular nonstandard eval
               | 
               | A particular nonstandard eval that is currently top
               | comment on this HN thread, due to the fact that, unlike
               | every other eval out there, LLMs score badly on it?
               | 
               | Doesn't seem implausible to me at all. If I was running
               | that team, I would be "Drop what you're doing, boys and
               | girls, and optimise the hell out of this test! This is
               | our differentiator!"
        
               | og_kalu wrote:
               | It's implausible that fine-tuning of a premier model
               | would have anywhere near that turn around time. Even if
               | they wanted to and had no qualms doing so, it's not
               | happening anywhere near that fast.
        
               | suddenlybananas wrote:
               | It's really not that implausible, they probably are
               | adding stuff to the data-soup all the time and have a
               | system in place for it.
        
               | og_kalu wrote:
               | Yeah it is lol. You don't just train your model on
               | whatever you like when you're expected to serve it.
               | They're are a host of problems with doing that. The idea
               | that they trained on this obscure benchmark released
               | about the day of is actually very silly.
        
               | cma wrote:
               | They could have rlhfed or finetuned on user thumbs up
               | responses, which could include users who took the test
               | and asked it to explain problems after
        
               | 112233 wrote:
               | Imagine that you are making problem solving AI. You have
               | large budget, and access to compute and web crawling
               | infra to run your AI "on internet". You would like to be
               | aware of the ways people are currently evaluating AI so
               | that you can be sure your product looks good. Do you have
               | maybe an idea how one could do that?
        
               | NiloCK wrote:
               | I'm not generally inclined toward the "they are cheating
               | cheaters" mindset, but I'll point out that fine tuning is
               | not the same as retraining. It can be done cheaply and
               | quickly.
               | 
               | Models getting 5X better at things all the time is at
               | least as easy to interpret as evidence of task-specific
               | tuning than as breakthroughs in general ability,
               | especially when the 'things being improved on' are
               | published evals with history.
        
               | alphabetting wrote:
               | Google team said it was outside the training window fwiw
               | 
               | https://x.com/jack_w_rae/status/1907454713563426883
        
             | bakkoting wrote:
             | New models suddenly doing much better isn't really
             | surprising, especially for this sort of test: going from
             | 98% accuracy to 99% accuracy can easily be the difference
             | between having 1 fatal reasoning error and having 0 fatal
             | reasoning errors on a problem with 50 reasoning steps, and
             | a proof with 0 fatal reasoning errors gets ~full credit
             | whereas a proof with 1 fatal reasoning error gets ~no
             | credit.
             | 
             | And to be clear, that's pretty much all this was: there's
             | six problems, it got almost-full credit on one and half
             | credit on another and bombed the rest, whereas all the
             | other models bombed all the problems.
        
           | MoonGhost wrote:
           | They are trained on some mix with minimal fraction of math.
           | That's how it was from the beginning. But we can rebalance it
           | by adding quality generated content. Just content will cost
           | millions of $$ to generate. Distillation on new level looks
           | like logical next step.
        
         | bglazer wrote:
         | Yeah I'm a computational biology researcher. I'm working on a
         | novel machine learning approach to inferring cellular behavior.
         | I'm currently stumped why my algorithm won't converge.
         | 
         | So, I describe the mathematics to ChatGPT-o3-mini-high to try
         | to help reason about what's going on. It was almost completely
         | useless. Like blog-slop "intro to ML" solutions and ideas. It
         | ignores all the mathematical context, and zeros in on "doesn't
         | converge" and suggests that I lower the learning rate. Like, no
         | shit I tried that three weeks ago. No amount of cajoling can
         | get it to meaningfully "reason" about the problem, because it
         | hasn't seen the problem before. The closest point in latent
         | space is apparently a thousand identical Medium articles about
         | Adam, so I get the statistical average of those.
         | 
         | I can't stress how frustrating this is, especially with people
         | like Terence Tao saying that these models are like a mediocre
         | grad student. I would really love to have a mediocre (in
         | Terry's eyes) grad student looking at this, but I can't seem to
         | elicit that. Instead I get low tier ML blogspam author.
         | 
         | **PS** if anyone read this far (doubtful) and knows about
         | density estimation and wants to help my email is
         | bglazer1@gmail.com
         | 
         | I promise its a fun mathematical puzzle and the biology is
         | pretty wild too
        
           | root_axis wrote:
           | It's funny, I have the same problem all the time with typical
           | day to day programming roadblocks that these models are
           | supposed to excel at. I'm talking about any type of bug or
           | unexpected behavior that requires even 5 minutes of deeper
           | analysis.
           | 
           | Sometimes when I'm anxious just to get on with my original
           | task, I'll paste the code and output/errors into the LLM and
           | iterate over its solutions, but the experience is like
           | rolling dice, cycling through possible solutions without any
           | kind of deductive analysis that might bring it gradually
           | closer to a solution. If I keep asking, it eventually just
           | starts cycling through variants of previous answers with
           | solutions that contradict the established logic of the
           | error/output feedback up to this point.
           | 
           | Not to say that the LLMs aren't productive tools, but they're
           | more like calculators of language than agents that reason.
        
             | jwrallie wrote:
             | True. There's a small bonus that trying to explain the
             | issue to the llm may sometimes be essentially rubber
             | ducking, and that can lead to insights. I feel most of the
             | time the llm can give erroneous output that still might
             | trigger some thinking on a different direction, and
             | sometimes I'm inclined to think it's helping me more than
             | it actually is.
        
             | worldsayshi wrote:
             | > they're more like calculators of language than agents
             | that reason
             | 
             | This might be honing in on both the issue and the actual
             | value of LLM:s. I think there's a lot of value in a
             | "language calculator" but if it's continuously being sold
             | as something it's not we will dismiss it or build heaps of
             | useless apps that will just form a market bubble. I think
             | the value is there but it's different from how we think
             | about it.
        
           | kristianp wrote:
           | Have you tried gemini 2.5? It's one of the best reasoning
           | models. Available free in google ai studio.
        
           | airstrike wrote:
           | I tend to prefer Claude over all things ChatGPT so maybe give
           | the latest model a try -- although in some way I feel like
           | 3.7 is a step down from the prior 3.5 model
        
           | torginus wrote:
           | When I was an undergrad EE student a decade ago, I had to
           | tangle a lot with complex maths in my Signals & Systems, and
           | Electricity and Magnetism classes. Stuff like Fourier
           | transforms, hairy integrals, partial differential equations
           | etc.
           | 
           | Math packages of the time like Mathematica and MATLAB helped
           | me immensely, once you could get the problem accurately
           | described in the correct form, they could walk through the
           | steps and solve systems of equations, integrate tricky
           | functions, even though AI was nowhere to be found back then.
           | 
           | I feel like ChatGPT is doing something similar when doing
           | maths with its chain of thoughts method, and while its method
           | might be somewhat more generic, I'm not sure it's strictly
           | superior.
        
           | MoonGhost wrote:
           | I was working some time ago on image processing model using
           | GAN architecture. One model produces output and tries to fool
           | the second. Both are trained together. Simple, but requires a
           | lot extra efforts to make it work. Unstable and falls apart
           | (blows up to unrecoverable state). I found some ways to make
           | it work by adding new loss functions, changing params,
           | changing models' architectures and sizes. Adjusting some
           | coefficients through the training to gradually rebalance loss
           | functions' influence.
           | 
           | The same may work with you problem. If it's unstable try
           | introduce extra 'brakes' which theoretically are not
           | required. May be even incorrect. Whatever it is in your
           | domain. Another thing to check is optimizer, try several.
           | Check default parameters. I've heard Adams defaults lead to
           | instability later in training.
           | 
           | PS: it would be heaven if models could work at human expert
           | level. Not sure why some really expect this. We are just at
           | the beginning.
           | 
           | PPS: the fact that they can do known tasks with minor
           | variations is already a huge time saver.
        
             | bglazer wrote:
             | Yes, I suspect that engineering the loss and hyperparams
             | could eventually get this to work. However, I was hoping
             | the model would help me get to a more fundamental insight
             | into why the training falls into bad minima. Like the
             | Wasserstein GAN is a principled change to the GAN that
             | improves stability, not just fiddling around with Adam's
             | beta parameter.
             | 
             | The reason I expected better mathematical reasoning is
             | because the companies making them are very loudly
             | proclaiming that these models are capable of high level
             | mathematical reasoning.
             | 
             | And yes the fact I don't have to look at matplotlib
             | documentation anymore makes these models extremely useful
             | already, but thats qualitatively different from having
             | Putnam prize winning reasoning ability
        
         | sanxiyn wrote:
         | Nope, no LLMs reported 50~60% performance on IMO, and SOTA LLMs
         | scoring 5% on USAMO is expected. For 50~60% performance on IMO,
         | you are thinking of AlphaProof, but AlphaProof is not a LLM. We
         | don't have the full paper yet, but clearly AlphaProof is a
         | system built on top of LLM with lots of bells and whistles,
         | just like AlphaFold is.
        
           | InkCanon wrote:
           | o1 reportedly got 83% on IMO, and 89th percentile on
           | Codeforces.
           | 
           | https://openai.com/index/learning-to-reason-with-llms/
           | 
           | The paper tested it on o1-pro as well. Correct me if I'm
           | getting some versioning mixed up here.
        
             | alexlikeits1999 wrote:
             | I've gone through the link you posted and the o1 system
             | card and can't see any reference to IMO. Are you sure they
             | were referring to IMO or were they referring to AIME?
        
             | sanxiyn wrote:
             | AIME is so not IMO.
        
         | billforsternz wrote:
         | I asked Google "how many golf balls can fit in a Boeing 737
         | cabin" last week. The "AI" answer helpfully broke the solution
         | into 4 stages; 1) A Boeing 737 cabin is about 3000 cubic metres
         | [wrong, about 4x2x40 ~ 300 cubic metres] 2) A golf ball is
         | about 0.000004 cubic metres [wrong, it's about 40cc = 0.00004
         | cubic metres] 3) 3000 / 0.000004 = 750,000 [wrong, it's
         | 750,000,000] 4) We have to make an adjustment because seats
         | etc. take up room, and we can't pack perfectly. So perhaps
         | 1,500,000 to 2,000,000 golf balls final answer [wrong, you
         | should have been reducing the number!]
         | 
         | So 1) 2) and 3) were out by 1,1 and 3 orders of magnitude
         | respectively (the errors partially cancelled out) and 4) was
         | nonsensical.
         | 
         | This little experiment made my skeptical about the state of the
         | art of AI. I have seen much AI output which is extraordinary
         | it's funny how one serious fail can impact my point of view so
         | dramatically.
        
           | Sunspark wrote:
           | It's fascinating to me when you tell one that you'd like to
           | see translated passages of work from authors who never have
           | written or translated the item in question, especially if
           | they passed away before the piece was written.
           | 
           | The AI will create something for you and tell you it was
           | them.
        
             | prawn wrote:
             | "That's impossible because..."
             | 
             | "Good point! Blah blah blah..."
             | 
             | Absolutely shameless!
        
           | senordevnyc wrote:
           | Just tried with o3-mini-high and it came up with something
           | pretty reasonable: https://chatgpt.com/share/67f35ae9-5ce4-80
           | 0c-ba39-6288cb4685...
        
             | CamperBob2 wrote:
             | It's just the usual HN sport: ask a low-end, obsolete or
             | unspecified model, get a bad answer, brag about how you
             | "proved" AI is pointless hype, collect karma.
             | 
             |  _Edit:_ Then again, maybe they have a point, going by an
             | answer I just got from Google 's best current model (
             | https://g.co/gemini/share/374ac006497d ) I haven't seen
             | anything that ridiculous from a leading-edge model for a
             | year or more.
        
           | greenmartian wrote:
           | Weird thing is, in Google AI Studio all their models--from
           | the state-of-the-art Gemini 2.5Pro, to the lightweight Gemma
           | 2--gave a roughly correct answer. Most even recognised the
           | packing efficiency of spheres.
           | 
           | But Google search gave me the exact same slop you mentioned.
           | So whatever Search is using, they must be using their
           | crappiest, cheapest model. It's nowhere near state of the
           | art.
        
             | aurareturn wrote:
             | Makes sense that search has a small, fast, dumb model
             | designed to summarize and not to solve problems. Nearly 14
             | billion Google searches per day. Way too much compute
             | needed to use a bigger model.
        
               | fire_lake wrote:
               | Massive search overlap though - and some questions (like
               | the golf ball puzzle) can be cached for a long time.
        
               | summerlight wrote:
               | AFAIK they got 15% of unseen queries everyday, so it
               | might be not very simple to design an effective cache
               | layer on that. Semantic-aware clustering of natural
               | language queries and projecting them into a cache-able
               | low rank dimension is a non-trivial problem. Of course,
               | LLM can effectively solve that, but then what's the point
               | of using cache when you need LLM for clustering
               | queries...
        
             | vintermann wrote:
             | I have a strong suspicion that for all the low threshold
             | APIs/services, before the real model sees my prompt, it
             | gets evaluated by a quick model to see if it's something
             | they care to bother the big models with. If not i get
             | something shaked out of the sleeve of a bottom barrel
             | model.
        
             | InDubioProRubio wrote:
             | Its most likely one giant ["input token close enough
             | question hash"] = answer_with_params_replay? It doesent
             | missunderstands the question, it tries to squeeze the input
             | to something close enough?
        
             | Workaccount2 wrote:
             | Google is shooting themselves in the foot with whatever
             | model they use for search. It's probably a 2B or 4B model
             | to keep up with demand, and man is it doing way more harm
             | than good.
        
           | aezart wrote:
           | > I have seen much AI output which is extraordinary it's
           | funny how one serious fail can impact my point of view so
           | dramatically.
           | 
           | I feel the same way. It's like discovering for the first time
           | that magicians aren't doing "real" magic, just sleight of
           | hand and psychological tricks. From that point on, it's
           | impossible to be convinced that a future trick is real magic,
           | no matter how impressive it seems. You know it's fake even if
           | you don't know how it works.
        
             | katsura wrote:
             | To be fair, I love that magicians can pull tricks on me
             | even though I know it is fake.
        
             | bambax wrote:
             | I think there is a big divide here. Every adult on earth
             | knows magic is "fake", but some can still be amazed and
             | entertained by it, while others find it utterly boring
             | _because_ it 's fake, and the only possible (mildly)
             | interesting thing about it is to try to figure out what the
             | trick is.
             | 
             | I'm in the second camp but find it kind of sad and often
             | envy the people who can stay entertained even though they
             | know better.
        
               | nucleogenesis wrote:
               | Idk I don't think of it as fake - it's creative fiction
               | paired with sometimes highly skilled performance. I've
               | learned a lot about how magic tricks work and I still
               | love seeing performers do effects because it takes so
               | much talent to, say, hold and hide 10 coins in your hands
               | while showing them as empty or to shuffle a deck of cards
               | 5x and have the audience cut it only to pull 4 aces off
               | the top.
        
               | toddmorey wrote:
               | I think the problem-solving / want-to-be-engineer side of
               | my brain lights up in that "how did he do that??" way. To
               | me that's the fun of it... I immediately try to engineer
               | my own solutions to what I just saw happen. So I guess
               | I'm the first camp, but find trying to figure out the
               | trick hugely interesting.
        
               | tshaddox wrote:
               | I think magic is extremely interesting (particularly
               | close-up magic), but I also hate the mindset (which seems
               | to be common though not ubiquitous) that stigmatizes any
               | curiosity in how the trick works.
               | 
               | In my view, the trick as it is intended to appear to the
               | audience _and_ the explanation of how the trick is
               | performed are equal and inseparable aspects of my
               | interest as a viewer. Either one without the other is
               | less interesting than the pair.
        
               | mrandish wrote:
               | > that stigmatizes any curiosity in how the trick works.
               | 
               | As a long-time close-up magician and magical inventor
               | who's spent a lot of time studying magic theory (which
               | has been a serious field of magical research since the
               | 1960s), it depends on which way we interpret "how the
               | trick works." Frankly, for most magic tricks the method
               | isn't very interesting, although there are some notable
               | exceptions where the method is fascinating, sometimes to
               | the extent it can be far more interesting than the effect
               | it creates.
               | 
               | However, in general, most magic theorists and inventors
               | agree that the method, for example, "palm a second coin
               | in the other hand", isn't usually especially interesting.
               | Often the actual immediate 'secret' of the method is so
               | simple and, in hindsight, obvious that many non-magicians
               | feel rather let down if the method is revealed. This is
               | the main reason magicians usually don't reveal secret
               | methods to non-magicians. It's not because of some code
               | of honor, it's simply because the vast majority of people
               | think they'll be happy if they know the secret but are
               | instead disappointed.
               | 
               | Where studying close-up magic gets really fascinating is
               | understanding _why_ that simple, obvious thing works to
               | mislead and then surprise audiences in the context of
               | this trick. Very often changing subtle things seemingly
               | unrelated to the direct method will cause the trick to
               | stop fooling people or to be much less effective.
               | Comparing a master magician to even a competent, well-
               | practiced novice performing the exact same effect with
               | the same method can be a night and day difference.
               | Typically, both performances will fool and entertain
               | audiences but the master 's performance can have an
               | _intensely_ more powerful impact. Like leaving most
               | audience members in stunned shock vs just pleasantly
               | surprised and fooled. While neither the master nor novice
               | 's audiences have any idea of the secret method, this
               | dramatic difference in impact is fascinating because
               | careful deconstruction reveals it often has little to do
               | with mechanical proficiency in executing the direct
               | method. In other words, it's rarely driven by being able
               | to do the sleight of hand faster or more dexterously.
               | I've seen legendary close-up masters like a Dai Vernon or
               | Albert Goshman when in their 80s and 90s perform sleight
               | of hand with shriveled, arthritic hands incapable of even
               | cleanly executing a basic palm, absolutely blow away a
               | roomful of experienced magicians with a trick all the
               | magicians already knew. How? It turns out there's
               | something _deep_ and incredibly interesting about the
               | subtle timing, pacing, body language, posture, and
               | psychology surrounding the  "secret method" that elevates
               | the impact to almost transcendence compared to a good,
               | competent but uninspired performance of the same method
               | and effect.
               | 
               | Highly skilled, experienced magicians refer to the
               | complex set of these non-method aspects, which can so
               | powerfully elevate an effect to another level, as _" the
               | real work"_ of the trick. At the top levels, most
               | magicians don't really care about the direct methods
               | which some audience members get so obsessed about. They
               | aren't even interesting. And, contrary to what most non-
               | magicians think, these non-methods are the "secrets"
               | master magicians tend to guard from widespread exposure.
               | And it's pretty easy to keep this crucially important
               | "real work" secret because it's so seemingly boring and
               | entirely unlike what people expect a magic secret to be.
               | You have to really "get it" on a deeper level to even
               | understand that what elevated the effect was
               | intentionally establishing a completely natural-seeming,
               | apparently random three-beat pattern of motion and then
               | carefully injecting a subtle pause and slight shift in
               | posture to the left six seconds before doing "the move".
               | Audiences mistakenly think that "the hidden move" is the
               | secret to the trick when it's just the proximate first-
               | order secret. Knowing that secret won't get you very far
               | toward recreating the absolute gob-smacking impact
               | resulting from a master's years of experimentation
               | figuring out and deeply understanding which elements
               | beyond the "secret method" really elevate the visceral
               | impact of the effect to another level.
        
               | tshaddox wrote:
               | > Frankly, for most magic tricks the method isn't very
               | interesting, although there are some notable exceptions
               | where the method is fascinating, sometimes to the extent
               | it can be far more interesting than the effect it
               | creates.
               | 
               | > However, in general, most magic theorists and inventors
               | agree that the method, for example, "palm a second coin
               | in the other hand", isn't usually especially interesting.
               | 
               | Fair enough. It sounds like I simply fundamentally
               | disagree, because I think nearly any explanation of
               | method is very interesting. For close-up maginc, the only
               | exceptions for me would be if the explanation is "the
               | video you were watching contains visual effects" or "the
               | entire in-person audience was in on it."
               | 
               | Palming is awesome. Misdirection is awesome. I fully
               | expect these sorts of things to be used in most magic
               | tricks, but I still want to know precisely how. The fact
               | that I'm aware of most close-up magic techniques but am
               | still often fooled by magic tricks should make it pretty
               | clear that the methods are interesting!
        
               | aezart wrote:
               | It's still entertaining, that's true. I like magic
               | tricks.
               | 
               | The point is the analogy to LLMs. A lot of people are
               | very optimistic about their capabilities, while other
               | people who have "seen behind the curtain" are skeptical,
               | and feel that the fundamental flaws are still there even
               | if they're better-hidden.
        
               | abustamam wrote:
               | I love magic, and illusions in general. I know that
               | Disney's Haunted Mansion doesn't actually have ghosts.
               | But it looks pretty convincing, and watching the
               | documentaries about how they made it is pretty mind-
               | blowing especially considering that they built the
               | original long before I was born.
               | 
               | I look at optical illusions like The Dress(tm) and am
               | impressed that I cannot force my brain to see it
               | correctly even though I logically know what color it is
               | supposed to be.
               | 
               | Finding new ways that our brains can be fooled despite
               | knowing better is kind of a fun exercise in itself.
        
           | throwawaymaths wrote:
           | I've seen humans make exactly these sorts of mistakes?
        
             | toddmorey wrote:
             | As another commenter mentioned, LLMs tend to make these bad
             | mistakes with enormous confidence. And because they
             | represent SOTA technology (and can at times deliver
             | incredible results), they have extra credence.
             | 
             | More than even filling the gaps in knowledge / skills,
             | would be a huge advancement in AI for it to admit when it
             | doesn't know the answer or is just wildly guessing.
        
           | tim333 wrote:
           | A lot of humans are similarly good at some stuff and bad at
           | other things.
           | 
           | Looking up the math ability of the average American this is
           | given as an example for the median (from
           | https://www.wyliecomm.com/2021/11/whats-the-latest-u-s-
           | numer...):
           | 
           | >Review a motor vehicle logbook with columns for dates of
           | trip, odometer readings and distance traveled; then calculate
           | trip expenses at 35 cents a mile plus $40 a day.
           | 
           | Which is ok but easier than golf balls in a 747 and hugely
           | easier than USAMO.
           | 
           | Another question you could try from the easy math end is:
           | Someone calculated the tariff rate for a country as (trade
           | deficit)/(total imports from the country). Explain why this
           | is wrong.
        
           | swader999 wrote:
           | It'll get it right next time because they'll hoover up the
           | parent post.
        
           | CivBase wrote:
           | I just asked my company-approved AI chatbot the same
           | question.
           | 
           | It got the golf ball volume right (0.00004068 cubic meters),
           | but it still overestimated the cabin volume at 1000 cubic
           | meters.
           | 
           | It's final calculation was reasonably accurate at 24,582,115
           | golf balls - even though 1000 / 0.00004068 = 24,582,104.
           | Maybe it was using more significant figures for the golf ball
           | size than it showed in its answer?
           | 
           | It didn't acknowledge other items in the cabin (like seats)
           | reducing its volume, but it did at least acknowlesge
           | inefficiencies in packing spherical objects and suggested the
           | actual number would be "somewhat lower", though it did not
           | offer an estimate.
           | 
           | When I pressed it for an estimate, it used a packing density
           | of 74% and gave an estimate of 18,191,766 golf balls. That's
           | one more than the calculation should have produced, but
           | arguably insignificant in context.
           | 
           | Next I asked it to account for fixtures in the cabin such as
           | seats. It estimated a 30% reduction in cabin volume and redid
           | the calculations with a cabin volume of 700 cubic meters.
           | These calculations were much less accurate. It told me 700 /
           | 0.00004068 = 17,201,480 (off by ~6k). And it told me
           | 17,201,480 x 0.74 was 12,728,096 (off by ~1k).
           | 
           | I told it the calculations were wrong and to try again, but
           | it produced the same numbers. Then I gave it the correct
           | answer for 700 / 0.00004068. It told me I was correct and
           | redid the last calculation correctly using the value I
           | provided.
           | 
           | Of all the things for an AI chatbot which can supposedly
           | "reason" to fail at, I didn't expect it to be basic
           | arithmetic. The one I used was closer, but it was still off
           | by a lot at times despite the calculations being simple
           | multiplication and division. Even if might not matter in the
           | context of filling an air plane cabin with golf balls, it
           | does not inspire trust for more serious questions.
        
           | aoeusnth1 wrote:
           | 2.5 pro nails each of these calculations. I don't agree with
           | Google's decision to use a weak model in its search queries,
           | but you can't say progress on LLMs in bullshit as evidenced
           | by a weak model no one thinks is close to SOTA.
        
           | raxxorraxor wrote:
           | This reminds me of Google quick answers we had for a time in
           | search. It is quite funny if you live outside the US, because
           | it very often got the units or numbers wrong because of
           | different decimal delimiters.
           | 
           | No wonder Trump isn't afraid to put taxes against Canada. Who
           | could take a 3.8 sqare miles country seriously?
        
         | cma wrote:
         | OpenAI told how they removed it for GPT-4 in its release paper:
         | only exact string matches. So all discussion of bar exam
         | questions from memory on test taking forums etc., that
         | wouldnn't exactly match, made it in.
        
         | geuis wrote:
         | Query: Could you explain the terminology to people who don't
         | follow this that closely?
        
           | BlanketLogic wrote:
           | Not the OP but
           | 
           | USAMO : USA Math Olympiad. Referred here
           | https://arxiv.org/pdf/2503.21934v1
           | 
           | IMO : International Math Olympiad
           | 
           | SOTA : State of the Art
           | 
           | OP is probably referring to this referred to this paper here
           | https://arxiv.org/pdf/2503.21934v1. The paper explains out
           | how a rigorous testing revealed abysmal performance of LLMs
           | (results that are at odds with how they are hyped about).
        
         | KolibriFly wrote:
         | Yeah, this is one of those red flags that keeps getting hand-
         | waved away, but really shouldn't be.
        
         | TrackerFF wrote:
         | What would the average human score be?
         | 
         | I.e. if you randomly sampled N humans to take those tests.
        
           | sanxiyn wrote:
           | The average human score on USAMO (let alone IMO) is zero, of
           | course. Source: I won medals at Korean Mathematical Olympiad.
        
             | vintermann wrote:
             | Average, hmmm?
        
             | lordgrenville wrote:
             | I am hesitant to correct a math Olympian, but don't you
             | mean the median?
        
             | hyperbovine wrote:
             | This is a disappointing answer from an MO alum. Pick a
             | quantile, any quantile...
        
         | anonzzzies wrote:
         | That type of news might make investors worry / scared.
        
         | sigmoid10 wrote:
         | >I'm incredibly surprised no one mentions this
         | 
         | If you don't see anyone mentioning what you wrote that's not
         | surprising at all, because you totally misunderstood the paper.
         | The models didn't suddenly drop to 5% accuracy on math olympiad
         | questions. Instead this paper came up with a human evaluation
         | that looks at the whole reasoning process (instead of just the
         | final answer) and their finding is that the "thoughts" of
         | reasoning models are not sufficiently human understandable or
         | rigorous (at least for expert mathematicians). This is
         | something that was already well known, because "reasoning" is
         | essentially CoT prompting baked into normal responses. But the
         | empirics also tell us it greatly helps for final outputs
         | nonetheless.
        
           | Workaccount2 wrote:
           | On top of that, what the model prints out in the CoT window
           | is not necessarily what the model is actually thinking.
           | Anthropic just showed this in their paper from last week
           | where they got models to cheat at a question by
           | "accidentally" slipping them the answer, and the CoT had no
           | mention of answer being slipped to them.
        
         | yahoozoo wrote:
         | LLMs are "next token" predictors. Yes, I realize that there's a
         | bit more to it and it's not always just the "next" token, but
         | at a very high level that's what they are. So why are we so
         | surprised when it turns out they can't actually "do" math?
         | Clearly the high benchmark scores are a result of the training
         | sets being polluted with the answers.
        
         | colonial wrote:
         | Less than 5%. OpenAI's O1 burned through over $100 in tokens
         | during the test as well!
        
         | hyperbovine wrote:
         | Is that really so surprising given what we know about how these
         | models actually work? I feel vindicated on behalf of myself and
         | all the other commenters who have been mercilessly downvoted
         | over the past three years for pointing out the obvious fact
         | that next token prediction != reasoning.
        
           | aoeusnth1 wrote:
           | 2.5 pro scores 25%.
           | 
           | It's just a much harder math benchmark which will fall by the
           | end of next year just like all the others. You won't be
           | vindicated.
        
             | hyperbovine wrote:
             | Bold claim! Let's see what that 25% is. I guarantee it is
             | the portion of the exam which is trivially answerable if
             | you have a stored database of all previous math exams ever
             | written to consult.
        
               | aoeusnth1 wrote:
               | There is 0% of the exam which is trivially answerable.
               | 
               | The entire point of USAMO problems is that they demand
               | novel insight and rigorous, original proofs. They are
               | intentionally designed not to be variations of things you
               | can just look up. You have to reason your way through,
               | step by logical step.
               | 
               | Getting 25% (~11 points) is exceptionally difficult. That
               | often means fully solving one problem and maybe getting
               | solid partial credit on another. The median score is
               | often in the single digits.
        
               | hyperbovine wrote:
               | > There is 0% of the exam which is trivially answerable.
               | 
               | That's true, but of course, not what I claimed.
               | 
               | The claim is that, given the ability to memorize an every
               | mathematical result that has _ever_ been published (in
               | print or online), it is not so difficult to get 25%
               | correct on an exam by pattern matching.
               | 
               | Note that this is skill is, by definition, completely out
               | of the reach of any human being, but that possessing it
               | does not imply creativity or the ability to "think".
        
       | mmcnl wrote:
       | I feel we are already in the era of diminishing returns on LLM
       | improvements. Newer models seem to be more sophisticated
       | implementations of LLM technology + throwing more resources at
       | it, but to me they do not seem fundamentally more intelligent.
       | 
       | I don't think this is a problem though. I think there's a lot of
       | low-hanging fruit when you create sophisticated implementations
       | of relatively dumb LLM models. But that sentiment doesn't
       | generate a lot of clicks.
        
       | DisjointedHunt wrote:
       | Two things can be true at the same time:
       | 
       | 1. Model "performance" judged by proxy metrics of intelligence
       | have improved significantly over the past two years.
       | 
       | 2. These capabilities are yet to be stitched together in the most
       | appropriate manner for the cybersecurity scenarios the author is
       | talking about.
       | 
       | In my experience, the best usage of Transformer models has come
       | from a deep integration into an appropriate workflow. They do not
       | (yet) replace the new exploration part of a workflow, but they
       | are very scarily performant at following mid level reasoning
       | assertions in a massively parallelized manner.
       | 
       | The question you should be asking yourself is if you can break
       | down your task into however many small chunks that are
       | constrained by feasiility in time to process , chunk those up
       | into appropriate buckets or even better, place them in-order as
       | though you were doing those steps with your expertise - an
       | extension of self. Here's how the two approaches differ:
       | 
       | "Find vulnerabilities in this code" -> This will saturate across
       | all models because the intent behind this mission is vast and
       | loosely defined, while the outcome is expected to be narrow.
       | 
       | " (a)This piece of code should be doing x, what areas is it
       | affecting, lets draw up a perimeter (b) Here is the dependency
       | graph of things upstream and downstream of x, lets spawn a
       | collection of thinking chains to evaluate each one for risk based
       | on the most recent change . . . (b[n]) Where is this likely to
       | fail (c) (Next step that a pentester/cybersecurity researcher
       | would take) "
       | 
       | This has been trial and error in my experience but it has worked
       | great in domains such as financial trading and decision support
       | where experts in the field help sketch out the general framework
       | of the process where reasoning support is needed and constantly
       | iterate as though it is an extension of their selves.
        
       | StickyRibbs wrote:
       | There's the politics of the corporations and then there's the
       | business of the science behind LLM's, this article feels like the
       | former.
       | 
       | Maybe someone active in the research can comment? I feel like all
       | of these comments are just conjecture/anecdotal and don't really
       | get to the meat of this question of "progress" and the future of
       | LLM's
        
       | OtherShrezzing wrote:
       | Assuming that the models getting better at SWE benchmarks and
       | math tests would translate into positive outcomes in all other
       | domains could be an act of spectacular hubris by the big frontier
       | labs, which themselves are chock-full of mathematicians and
       | software engineers.
        
       | nialv7 wrote:
       | Sounds like someone drank their own Kool aid (believing current
       | AI can be a security researcher), and then gets frustrated when
       | they realize they have overhyped themselves.
       | 
       | Current AI just cannot do the kind of symbolic reasoning required
       | for finding security vulnerabilities in softwares. They might
       | have learned to recognize "bad code" via pattern matching, but
       | that's basically it.
        
       | burny_tech wrote:
       | In practice, Sonnet 3.7 and Gemini 2.5 are just often too good
       | compared to competitors.
        
       | jaredcwhite wrote:
       | There's some interesting information and analysis to start off
       | this essay, then it ends with:
       | 
       | "These machines will soon become the beating hearts of the
       | society in which we live. The social and political structures
       | they create as they compose and interact with each other will
       | define everything we see around us."
       | 
       | This sounds like an article of faith to me. One could just as
       | easily say they won't become the beating hearts of anything, and
       | instead we'll choose to continue to build a better future for
       | humans, as humans, without relying on an overly-hyped technology
       | rife with error and unethical implications.
        
         | voidhorse wrote:
         | While I really want your version of the future, history and
         | general trajectory and tendency unfortunately suggest
         | otherwise.
        
       | crvdgc wrote:
       | > But in recent months I've spoken to other YC founders doing AI
       | application startups [...] in different industries, on different
       | problem sets.
       | 
       | Maybe they should create a benchmark collectively called YC
       | founders. Gather various test cases. Never make it public. And
       | use that to evaluate newly released models.
        
       | karmakaze wrote:
       | > [...] But I would nevertheless like to submit, based off of
       | internal benchmarks, and my own and colleagues' perceptions using
       | these models, that whatever gains these companies are reporting
       | to the public, they are not reflective of economic usefulness or
       | generality. [...]
       | 
       | Seems like they're looking at how they fail and not considering
       | how they're improving in how they succeed.
       | 
       | The efficiency in DeepSeek's Multi-Head Latent Attention[0] is
       | pure advancement.
       | 
       | [0] https://youtu.be/0VLAoVGf_74?si=1YEIHST8yfl2qoGY&t=816
        
       | slicerdicer2 wrote:
       | more interesting benchmarks:
       | 
       | - Make as much money as you can in a 24 hour period doing only
       | legal, moral and non-annoying things
       | 
       | - Make a depressed person who calls a suicide hotline feel really
       | happy doing only legal, moral and non-annoying things
       | 
       | - Do something really useful for society with measurable outcomes
       | doing only legal, moral and non-annoying things
        
       | Nesco wrote:
       | From my own experience on a codebase using a lot of custom
       | algorithms on trees and sometimes graphs.
       | 
       | There were qualitatively leaps in my day-to-day usage:
       | 
       | Claude Sonnet 3.5 and ChatGPT O1 were good for writing slop and
       | debugging simple bugs
       | 
       | Grok Thinking and Sonnet 3.7 were good to catch mildly
       | complicated bugs and write functions with basic logic. They still
       | made mistake
       | 
       | But recently, Gemini 2.5 pro has been scary good. I liked to made
       | fun of the feel-the-AGI crowd but for the first time a model made
       | me raise an eyebrow
       | 
       | It can one shot unusual function with complicated logic and
       | subtle edge cases
        
       | Jonovono wrote:
       | Not sure if its been fixed by now but a few weeks ago I was in
       | the Golden Gate park and wondered if it was bigger than Central
       | park. I asked ChatGPT voice, and although it reported the sizes
       | of the parks correctly (with Golden gate park being the bigger
       | size), it then went and said that Central Park was bigger. I was
       | confused, so Googled and sure enough Golden gate park is bigger.
       | 
       | I asked Grok and others as well. I believe Perplexity was the
       | only one correct.
       | 
       | Repeated it multiple times even with a friends account. It kept
       | doing the same thing. It knew the sizes, but thought the smaller
       | sized one was bigger...
        
         | stitched2gethr wrote:
         | Probably because it has read the facts but has no idea how
         | numbers actually work.
        
         | gpsx wrote:
         | I just tried. Claude did exactly what you said, and then
         | figured it out:
         | 
         | Central Park in New York City is bigger than GoldenGate Park
         | (which I think you might mean Golden Gate Park) in San
         | Francisco.
         | 
         | Central Park covers approximately 843 acres (3.41 square
         | kilometers), while Golden Gate Park spans about 1,017 acres
         | (4.12 square kilometers). This means Golden Gate Park is
         | actually about 20% larger than Central Park.
         | 
         | Both parks are iconic urban green spaces in major U.S. cities,
         | but Golden Gate Park has the edge in terms of total area.
        
       | andrethegiant wrote:
       | Author will need to rewrite now that Llama 4 is out
        
       | bbstats wrote:
       | So I guess this was written pre-Gemini 2.5
        
         | stitched2gethr wrote:
         | Meh. I've been using 2.5 with Cline extensively and while it is
         | better it's still an incremental improvement, not something
         | revolutionary. The thing has a 1 million token context window
         | but I can only get a few outputs before I have to tell it AGAIN
         | to stop writing comments.
         | 
         | Are they getting better, definitely. Are we getting close to
         | them performing unsupervised tasks, I don't think so.
        
       | djoldman wrote:
       | LLM's are pre-trained to minimize perplexity (PPL), which
       | essentially means that they're trained to model the likelihood
       | distribution of the next words in a sequence.
       | 
       | The amazing thing was that minimizing PPL allowed you to
       | essentially guide the LLM output and if you guided it in the
       | right direction (asked it questions), it would answer them pretty
       | well. Thus, LLMs started to get measured on how well they
       | answered questions.
       | 
       | LLMs aren't trained from the beginning to answer questions or
       | solve problems. They're trained to model word/token sequences.
       | 
       | If you want an LLM that's REALLY good at something specific like
       | solving math problems or finding security bugs, you probably have
       | to fine tune.
        
       | lithos wrote:
       | Wait this sounds like one of those actors spamming and wasting
       | open source time with fake security issues.
        
       | mellosouls wrote:
       | Original post here:
       | 
       | https://zeropath.com/blog/on-recent-ai-model-progress
        
       | guluarte wrote:
       | current AI models are searching engines that can somewhat
       | extrapolate data and use in the current context, that's pretty
       | much it
        
       | dcl wrote:
       | I like this bit:
       | 
       | > Personally, when I want to get a sense of capability
       | improvements in the future, I'm going to be looking almost
       | exclusively at benchmarks like Claude Plays Pokemon.
       | 
       | Definitely interested to see how the best models from Anthropics
       | competitors do at this.,
        
       | Mikhail_Edoshin wrote:
       | The foundational idea of AI is that people think with words. But
       | it is false. People think with things and use words only to point
       | to things. Thinking with words is not possible. It will always be
       | a case of shizophasia.
        
       | bluepoint wrote:
       | Reading the comments, is it safe to say that LLMs are a digest of
       | the internet which is some update over google search, but with
       | the caveat that you need to double check the results? I mean they
       | basically have some compressed version of almost all the written
       | knowledge and will respond correctly about things that have
       | already been written, and hallucinate (extrapolate) about things
       | not explicitly written. Of course if someone carefully curates
       | the input data to filter out misinformation, it might even be an
       | upgrade over google. Is there a consensus on this?
        
       | Claudus wrote:
       | I asked Grok to review the comments here and generate a response
       | defending AI:
       | 
       | After reviewing the discussion on the Hacker News thread, it's
       | clear that there are a range of complaints and criticisms about
       | AI, particularly centered around its limitations, overhype, and
       | practical utility. Some users express frustration with AI's
       | inability to handle complex reasoning, its tendency to produce
       | generic or incorrect outputs, and the perception that it's more
       | of a buzzword than a transformative tool. Others question its
       | value compared to traditional methods or human expertise,
       | suggesting it's overhyped or misapplied in many cases. Below,
       | I'll offer a defense of AI that addresses these concerns while
       | highlighting its strengths and potential.
       | 
       | AI isn't perfect, and no one should claim it is--but that's not
       | the point. It's a tool, and like any tool, its effectiveness
       | depends on how it's used. Critics who point to AI's struggles
       | with nuanced reasoning or edge cases often overlook the fact that
       | it's not designed to replace human judgment entirely. Instead, it
       | excels at augmenting it. For example, AI can process vast amounts
       | of data--far more than any human could in a reasonable timeframe
       | --and identify patterns or insights that might otherwise go
       | unnoticed. This makes it invaluable in fields like medicine,
       | where it's already helping diagnose diseases from imaging data,
       | or in logistics, where it optimizes supply chains with precision
       | that manual methods can't match.
       | 
       | The complaint about generic or incorrect outputs, often dubbed
       | "hallucinations," is fair but misses the bigger picture. Yes, AI
       | can churn out nonsense if pushed beyond its limits or fed poor
       | data--but that's a reflection of its current stage of
       | development, not its ultimate potential. These systems are
       | improving rapidly, with each iteration reducing errors and
       | refining capabilities. More importantly, AI's ability to generate
       | starting points--like drafts, code snippets, or hypotheses--saves
       | time and effort. It's not about delivering flawless results every
       | time; it's about accelerating the process so humans can refine
       | and perfect the output. A programmer tweaking AI-generated code
       | is still faster than writing it from scratch.
       | 
       | As for the overhype, it's true that the buzz can get out of hand
       | --marketing teams love a shiny new toy. But beneath the noise,
       | real progress is happening. AI's contributions aren't always
       | flashy; they're often mundane but critical, like automating
       | repetitive tasks or enhancing search algorithms. The critics who
       | say it's just a "fancy autocomplete" underestimate how
       | transformative that can be. Autocomplete might sound trivial
       | until you realize it's powering real-time language translation or
       | helping scientists sift through research papers at scale. These
       | aren't sci-fi fantasies--they're practical applications
       | delivering value today.
       | 
       | Finally, the notion that AI can't match human expertise in
       | complex domains ignores its complementary role. It's not here to
       | outthink a seasoned expert but to amplify their reach. A lawyer
       | using AI to review contracts doesn't lose their skill--they gain
       | efficiency. A researcher leveraging AI to analyze data doesn't
       | stop hypothesizing--they get to test more ideas. The technology's
       | strength lies in its ability to handle the grunt work, freeing
       | humans to focus on creativity and judgment.
       | 
       | AI isn't a silver bullet, and it's not without flaws. But the
       | criticisms often stem from inflated expectations or a failure to
       | see its incremental, practical benefits. It's not about replacing
       | humans--it's about making us better at what we do. The trajectory
       | is clear: as it evolves, AI will continue to refine its
       | capabilities and prove its worth, not as a standalone genius, but
       | as a partner in progress.
        
       | wg0 wrote:
       | Unlike many - I find author's complaints on the dot.
       | 
       | Once all the AI batch startups have sold subscriptions to the
       | cohort and there's no more further market growth because
       | businesses outside don't want to roll the dice on a probabilistic
       | model that doesn't have an understanding of pretty much anything
       | rather is a clever imitation machine on the content it has seen,
       | the AI bubble will burst when more statups would start packing up
       | by end of 2026 or max 2027.
        
         | consumer451 wrote:
         | I would go even further than TFA. In my personal experience
         | using Windsurf daily, Sonnet 3.5 is still my preferred model.
         | 3.7 makes many more changes that I did not ask for, often
         | breaking things. This is an issue with many models, but it got
         | worse with 3.7.
        
           | behnamoh wrote:
           | 3.7 is like a wild horse. you really must ground it with
           | clear instructions. it sucks that it doesn't automatically
           | know that but it's tameable.
        
             | consumer451 wrote:
             | Could you share any successful prompting techniques for
             | grounding 3.7, even just a project-specific example?
        
               | behnamoh wrote:
               | I use this:                   I don't want to drastically
               | change my current code, nor do I like being told to
               | create several new files and numerous functions/classes
               | to solve this problem. I want you to think clearly and be
               | focused on the task and don't get wild! I want the most
               | straightforward approach which is elegant, intuitive, and
               | rock solid.
        
           | cootsnuck wrote:
           | Yea, I've experienced this too with 3.7. Not always though.
           | It has been helpful for me more often than not helpful. But
           | yea 3.5 "felt" better to me.
           | 
           | Part of me thinks this is because I expected less of 3.5 and
           | therefore interacted with it differently.
           | 
           | It's funny because it's unlikely that everyone interacts with
           | these models in the same way. And that's pretty much
           | guaranteed to give different results.
           | 
           | Would be interesting to see some methods come out for
           | individuals to measure their own personal success rate/
           | productivity / whatever with these different models. And then
           | have a way for people to compare them with each other so we
           | can figure out who is working well with these models and who
           | isn't and figure out why the difference.
        
             | consumer451 wrote:
             | > Would be interesting to see some methods come out for
             | individuals to measure their own personal success rate/
             | productivity / whatever with these different models. And
             | then have a way for people to compare them with each other
             | so we can figure out who is working well with these models
             | and who isn't and figure out why the difference.
             | 
             | This would be so useful. I have thought about this missing
             | piece a lot.
             | 
             | Different tools like Cursor vs. Windsurf likely have their
             | own system prompts for each model, so the testing really
             | needs to be done in the context of each tool.
             | 
             | This seems somewhat straightforward to do using a testing
             | tool like Playwright, correct? Whoever first does this
             | successfully with have a popular blog/site on their hands.
        
           | Zetaphor wrote:
           | I finally gave up on 3.7 in Cursor after three rounds of it
           | completely ignoring what I asked it for so that it could
           | instead solve an irrelevant linter error. The error in no way
           | affected functionality.
           | 
           | Despite me rejecting the changes and explicitly telling it to
           | ignore the linter it kept insisting on only trying to solve
           | for that
        
       | antirez wrote:
       | Missing in the article: "Disclaimer: This article was written
       | before testing Gemini 2.5 PRO"
        
       | richardatlarge wrote:
       | I wonder if there's a parallel universe somewhere where this same
       | HN post has the exact same comments, only the posts are by NNs
       | discussing human test subjects :)
        
       | throwawayffffas wrote:
       | I agree, about both the issue with benchmarks not being relevant
       | to actual use cases and the "wants to sound smart" issue. I have
       | seen them both first hand interacting with llms.
       | 
       | I think the ability to embed arbitrary knowledge written in
       | arbitrary formats is the most important thing llms have achieved.
       | 
       | In my experience trying to get an llm to perform a task as vast
       | and open ended as the one the author describes is fundamentally
       | misguided. The llms were not trained for that and won't be able
       | to do it in a satisfactory degree. But all this research has
       | thankfully provided us with the software and hardware tools where
       | one could start working on training a model that can.
       | 
       | Contrast that to 5-6 years ago, when all you could hope for this
       | kind of thing was simple rule based and pattern matching systems.
        
       | numa7numa7 wrote:
       | My lived experience is that unless there's some new
       | breakthrough's AI is more akin to a drill to replace a hammer
       | than a tractor to replace the plow or a printing press.
       | 
       | Maybe any AI experts can elaborate on this but it seems there's a
       | limit to the fundamental underlying model of the LLM architecture
       | of transformers and tokens.
       | 
       | LLM's are amazing but we might need something more or some new
       | paradigm to push us towards true AGI.
        
       | conartist6 wrote:
       | Oh yes, before we've designated all the messy parts of running a
       | society to the machines, like, you know, art.
       | 
       | I'm this case the goal is to kill all the humans who know a lot
       | about keeping other people safe...
        
       | colonial wrote:
       | > AI lab founders believe they are in a civilizational
       | competition for control of the entire future lightcone, and will
       | be made Dictator of the Universe if they succeed.
       | 
       | Bingo, but I'd argue this is only scratching the surface of how
       | twisted things are.
       | 
       | A lot of the stuff these labs put out (see: Amodei's cult-like
       | blog ramblings) reeks of what I call "sociopathic utopianism" -
       | essentially, the logical extreme of ends-justified means, made
       | worse in the context of AI labs by the singularity pseudo-
       | religion.
       | 
       | They all _truly_ believe that AGI /ASI is possible, imminent, and
       | could lead to utopia... so achieving that goal will _surely_
       | outweigh any unsavory acts they commit in the pursuit of it.
       | 
       | This is why I think it's possible OpenAI took out a hit on
       | Suchir; getting bogged down in a legal battle could delay the
       | arrival of their machine god messiah. Same for defrauding
       | benchmarks - they just need a "few more rounds" of investor cash,
       | and by the time those run out, they'll surely have AGI on lock!
       | 
       | Fools. I look forward to them all getting prison time.
        
       | JKCalhoun wrote:
       | I've suggested (from my lowly layman vantage point) that an LLM
       | has some idea of the _fidelity_ of their response to a query --
       | even if only in broad strokes like,  "This answer is tracking
       | with some high probability numbers" or "This answer has a very
       | low correspondence with training data".
       | 
       | To that end the LLM could convey as much.
       | 
       | (Anecdotal, sorry:) I was using Claude (not paid) recently and
       | noticed Claude hedging quite a bit when it had not before.
       | Examples:
       | 
       | "Let me be careful about this response since we're discussing a
       | very specific technical detail ..."
       | 
       | "Given how specific that technical detail is, I want to be
       | transparent that while I aim to be accurate, I may hallucinate
       | such precise historical specifications."
       | 
       | I confess my initial reaction was to ask ChatGPT since the
       | answers are more self-assured, ha ha. So perhaps corporate AI are
       | not likely to try and solve this problem of the LLM telling the
       | user when it is on shaky ground. Bad for business.
        
       | Snowfield9571 wrote:
       | I first used GPT 2.5 many years ago through a google colab
       | notebook. These newer models aren't all that much better. I'm
       | sure they do better on their tests because they're trained to
       | beat them but really the biggest "innovation" was a UI and API.
        
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