[HN Gopher] US Administration announces 34% tariffs on China, 20...
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       US Administration announces 34% tariffs on China, 20% on EU
        
       Author : belter
       Score  : 1701 points
       Date   : 2025-04-02 20:39 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.bbc.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.bbc.com)
        
       | dralley wrote:
       | 25% on South Korea, 32% on Taiwan, 36% on Thailand, 46% on
       | Vietnam
       | 
       | What a massive and moronic blow to our soft power.
        
         | TomHenderson3 wrote:
         | It's not just soft power. It is also economic power. Also, note
         | that there is a baseline 10% on all countries.
        
         | bigyabai wrote:
         | America's leading supply chains just went up in smoke. The
         | fallout is going to be pretty funny from an international POV,
         | methinks.
        
           | wozer wrote:
           | Might cause a global recession, though. And that might be
           | less funny.
        
         | ldng wrote:
         | Really curious on how it will blow-back on Americans. Because,
         | make no mistakes, _it will_.
        
           | cmurf wrote:
           | The cost to move these industries to the U.S. exceeds the
           | cost of these tariffs. The market will pass the cost of what
           | are import taxes to the American consumer, resulting in
           | inflation.
           | 
           | True, the shareholders will take a pay cut too, because
           | something less than 100% of American consumers will just suck
           | it up without changing their behavior. But in aggregate, we
           | will all save less.
           | 
           | If inflation takes off again, maybe eventually there's some
           | monestizing of debt. But in less than 4 years these tariffs
           | will go away, which is why companies won't spent billions of
           | dollars investing in state side manufacturing that'll take
           | maybe 5 years to plan and build. Therefore I'm not sold on
           | the montizing debt motivation yet.
        
             | tnt128 wrote:
             | Why in 4 years they will go away? Is that assuming the new
             | administration will reverse course? It's my understanding
             | that generally country don't lower tariffs voluntarily.
             | They are usually bargaining chips.
        
               | sunflowerfly wrote:
               | We have tried this before about 100 years ago. Supply
               | chains and economies were not nearly as interconnected as
               | they are now. Read the history of the Smoot-Hawley Tariff
               | Act.
        
               | cmurf wrote:
               | Tariffs may not even last 4 months. Trump demanded Powell
               | reduce interest rates, the FRB declined. The might be
               | Trump's way of forcing the Fed to reduce interest rates,
               | by inducing a recession with massive inflation. And then
               | Trump takes the tariffs away once the Fed gives him what
               | he wants.
               | 
               | FRB won't reduce interest rates if there's inflation
               | alone. They'd only reduce interest rates if the economy
               | also slows down into recession territory.
               | 
               | That's the short term view.
               | 
               | In the long term view, they are the biggest tax increase
               | in the history of the country, therefore they are
               | potentially the biggest tax decrease in the history of
               | the country. Political fodder, even for a corpse.
        
               | floxy wrote:
               | >Tariffs may not even last 4 months.
               | 
               | (c) Should any trading partner take significant steps to
               | remedy non-reciprocal trade arrangements and align
               | sufficiently with the United States on economic and
               | national security matters, I may further modify the HTSUS
               | to decrease or limit in scope the duties imposed under
               | this order.
               | 
               | https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-
               | actions/2025/04/regu...
        
               | Tadpole9181 wrote:
               | Written as if he was a king.
               | 
               | "I can do whatever I want, whenever I want. Bow and
               | appease me".
        
               | atoav wrote:
               | Yeah but we Europeans told you for decades that your
               | presidency is dangerously overpowered. Guess some things
               | you have to find out yourself.
        
               | Tadpole9181 wrote:
               | 100% I have been raving about this for as long as I
               | remember. Most folk nod, but say "it could never happen
               | here".
        
               | tialaramex wrote:
               | Even the Americans, the State Department has (had?)
               | people whose job is to help with nation building and
               | they'd learned that if you copy-paste the US model you're
               | basically just setting up a dictatorship in advance, the
               | "President" will seize power, whoops.
               | 
               | It's impressive they got to forty odd Presidents with
               | only one civil war so far, but it's just luck and it
               | didn't last.
        
               | flubert wrote:
               | https://duckduckgo.com/?q=Tom+Wolfe+%22dark+night%22&t=ff
               | ab&...
        
               | Aurornis wrote:
               | > It's my understanding that generally country don't
               | lower tariffs voluntarily. They are usually bargaining
               | chips.
               | 
               | Tariffs are a tax. Tax on us, the people buying goods.
               | 
               | It's a massive tax increase. People are slowly waking up
               | to that fact.
               | 
               | Rolling back the tariffs is giving everyone a tax cut.
               | Well, tax cut back to baseline of what everyone expected.
               | 
               | As people realize that _they_ are the ones paying the
               | tariffs, this is going to be very unpopular.
        
           | simne wrote:
           | It depends.. For some goods possible to just immediately
           | raise prices, for others, business will try to compensate
           | from another source.
           | 
           | As example, Daimler stated, they will cut cheapest models
           | from export to US, so some segment will got less concurrent
           | market, and probably prices will raise.
           | 
           | Probably, this is because Daimler have much higher profits on
           | expensive models, so they could just lower profits on them.
           | Other variant, also possible, expensive niches are more
           | tolerant to price raise.
           | 
           | For small countries, tariff raise nearly guarantee prices
           | rise, but US is big country, things are not so simple.
        
             | atoav wrote:
             | You mean there _might_ be some niche product that:
             | 
             | 1. has no US parts in the supply chain
             | 
             | 2. has a importer that is willing to sacrifice itself for
             | the greater good
             | 
             | A faint drop of hope in an intergalactic ocean of despair.
        
               | simne wrote:
               | You are just asking things not matter. So you are not
               | looking for truth but you are looking for create more
               | despair.
               | 
               | Be calm, ask right questions and you will got truth.
        
         | belter wrote:
         | Effective total tariffs on China will be 54% effective 9 April.
         | No way US does not go into recession...
         | 
         | And wait for the response from the trading partners...
        
           | fakeironman2 wrote:
           | Correction: average tariffs on China prior to today was 42%
           | https://www.piie.com/research/piie-charts/2019/us-china-
           | trad.... This means after today, average tariffs on China
           | will be 76%.
           | 
           | China is already in a Great Depression, and this tariff hike
           | guarantees China to be in 30+ years of economic depression.
        
             | belter wrote:
             | Between the US and China, I would be putting my money in
             | China, who by the way, leads in AI.
             | 
             | "I Just Saw the Future. It Was Not in America." -
             | https://www.nytimes.com/2025/04/02/opinion/trump-tariffs-
             | chi...
        
         | spacechild1 wrote:
         | Don't worry, acoording to Trump this will generate billions and
         | billions of dollars and America will be rich as it never has
         | been before. /s
        
           | belter wrote:
           | Yeah, billions and billions: https://youtu.be/u_aLESDql1U
        
           | xp84 wrote:
           | The more I think about Trumpian strategies the more I suspect
           | that he got some friends together (or they came to him) and
           | decided they'll short everything, then he'll do this for a
           | while. He and those friends would be able to 'generate
           | billions' that way, by _legal_ insider trading (since we
           | learned that anything he does  "in an official capacity" is
           | legal and he can pardon anyone who ever got caught).
           | 
           | Last term he did some tax on bauxite that had a similar
           | effect of costing billions to a whole industry that processes
           | or buys aluminum, but one of the few bauxite mines in the US,
           | run by a Trump ally of some kind, made bank.
        
         | mindslight wrote:
         | Can't hear you! USA. USA. USA.
         | 
         | Politically it's going to be just like how most everyone fell
         | into line fervently supporting the Iraq War when the corpo
         | media told them to. Then after the unavoidable truth finally
         | seeped in, equivocation and rationalization from " _I didn 't
         | really support it_" to " _we were misled_ ". With _a lot_ more
         | visible economic pain, of course.
         | 
         | Then that anger from having been "tricked" will be used as raw
         | energy to drive the next con, and so forth. A broken clock is
         | at least right twice a day, but these low information voters
         | will sabotage themselves _every single time_.
        
           | runarberg wrote:
           | > but these low information voters will sabotage themselves
           | every single time.
           | 
           | It is generally not cool to blame the voters. There was a ton
           | of misinformation preceding the Iraq war as you point out,
           | but even then there was a massive popular opposition to it.
           | Hundreds of thousands protested against the war before the
           | invasion in New York and Washington DC. Some polls showed
           | that 5% of all Americans participated in a rally or a protest
           | in the weeks leading up to and following the invasion. And
           | despite that popular opposition, among politicians there was
           | a bipartisan support and just a handful of MPs opposed to it.
           | Meaning the public was never really given a choice. In short,
           | the Iraq war was the fault of the politicians and the
           | politicians alone, the voters came nowhere near it.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protests_against_the_Iraq_War
        
             | mindslight wrote:
             | Yes, I went to a few of those protests. Despite the
             | popularity of opposition, there were still plenty of people
             | arguing in support of attacking Iraq. In fact I'd say that
             | _most_ people were in support of it.  "They hate us for our
             | freedom", "fight them over there instead of here", and
             | general reflexive arguments supplicating to power. That's
             | the dynamic I'm talking about.
             | 
             | Whether invading Iraq would have still happened without
             | that popular support is besides the point. The point is
             | there was full-throated support from many people, who would
             | reflexively reject dissent while parroting corpo media
             | talking points, and who then only came to see what a poor
             | idea it had been over time.
        
         | swat535 wrote:
         | What's the actual strategy behind the current US administration
         | slapping tariffs on everything? Feels like they're handing them
         | out like Halloween candy. Is there a long game here, or is it
         | just managed chaos and alienating trade partners for short term
         | optics?
        
           | ironyman wrote:
           | People like Navarro believes a non-trivial amount of
           | manufacturing can be coaxed back to the US from China and
           | Vietnam.
        
             | sitkack wrote:
             | Only if we tank our currency and create a huge population
             | of people willing to work for a buck oh five.
        
               | cmurf wrote:
               | Kill people's savings, might happen. Discretionary
               | spending is about to get clobbered. Restaurants may be at
               | the top of that list, and travel.
               | 
               | I rather doubt Walmart is going to increase the price of
               | only Chinese made goods 25%. I think everything goes up
               | 25% and they pocket the margin as long as they can get
               | away with it.
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | > Kill people's savings, might happen.
               | 
               | It doesn't work because it's basically illegal to be poor
               | in America, or rather to live like a poor person in a
               | developing country. Because of theories about
               | gentrification and such we just banned everything like
               | SROs, company dorms, etc.
               | 
               | It worked for a little while in the 2000s because earlier
               | flight from cities had left a lot of empty housing open
               | to gentrify, but none of that is left.
               | 
               | There's a few classes of people left like supercommuters
               | and people who live in RVs in the Amazon warehouse
               | parking lot, but not going to run a big factory like
               | that.
        
               | selimthegrim wrote:
               | You clearly have never lived in Louisiana.
        
               | int_19h wrote:
               | That's a sacrifice they are willing others to make.
        
           | maxglute wrote:
           | https://www.ft.com/content/fba87dd3-514a-41c2-b2b9-ea597ffbd.
           | ..
           | 
           | https://www.hudsonbaycapital.com/documents/FG/hudsonbay/rese.
           | ..
           | 
           | The TLDR is Miran sold to Trump US can Plaza Accord everyone,
           | devalue USD to reindustrialize US, draw down US
           | debt/commitments, keep exorbitant privelege... all by
           | slapping tariffs (Trump's fav hammer) to scare countries into
           | signing (converting) existing US commitments to "century
           | bonds" in US favour while tying them to US orbit for
           | foreseeable future. Is US strong enough to coerce others to
           | sign on? IMO doesn't matter, this seems like plan
           | specifically tailered to Trump preferences and ego, so as
           | long as Trump thinks so Miran gets the job.
           | 
           | E: there is logic to the plan, logic that appeals to Trump ->
           | US strength and monetary manipulation skills can force others
           | to fall in line. And TBH countries have fallen in line in the
           | past.
        
             | danny_codes wrote:
             | Yeah that's not going to work. America is about to find out
             | that the era of bully pulpit is over. Why work with a
             | recalcitrant and quite frankly obnoxious US when you can
             | cut bilateral EU/Asian deals?
        
           | thiht wrote:
           | Can we please stop acting like Trump and MAGA behave
           | rationally?
        
           | mcfunley wrote:
           | Category error to think there's a strategy. Trump doesn't
           | even know what a tariff is. People try to project a strategy
           | because it's probably too discomfiting to believe that the
           | greatest superpower the world has ever known elected a
           | complete nimrod king.
        
           | s1artibartfast wrote:
           | I'm on the side of free trade and dont think there is a
           | single policy. The strongest arguments I can think of are:
           | 
           | 1) raise tax revenue in a way that partially falls on foreign
           | nationals
           | 
           | 2) reduce trade deficits and foreign purchasing of
           | treasuries.
           | 
           | 3) Increase relative power if other economies are damaged
           | more than the US. There are situations where zero and
           | negative sum strategies are optimal, like war, where it is
           | better to have a larger % of a smaller overall pie.
           | 
           | 4) stimulate demand for us labor
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _2) reduce trade deficits and foreign purchasing of
             | treasuries_
             | 
             | None of the GOP budgets reduce the deficit. Trump's blew
             | them out even further.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | Im talking about trade deficits, not budget deficits. Im
               | not convinced trade deficits are a bad thing to begin
               | with, but that is a whole sperate can of worms.
               | 
               | My understanding is that yes, the national debt is still
               | increasing, although the administration is counting on
               | tariff funds to supplement revenue. Would you agree?
        
               | danny_codes wrote:
               | And they are trying to push through a massive tax cut.
               | So.. yeah unclear what the goals are here
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _the national debt is still increasing, although the
               | administration is counting on tariff funds to supplement
               | revenue_
               | 
               | Not the debt, the deficit. The debt is the card balance.
               | The deficit are new swipes. Nothing in the current policy
               | package is about deficit (let alone debt) reduction.
               | 
               | (Valid on trade deficits. I guess we can run trade
               | surpluses if we give up dollar hegemony. That, of course,
               | means no more deficits.)
        
               | mahogany wrote:
               | > My understanding is that yes, the national debt is
               | still increasing, although the administration is counting
               | on tariff funds to supplement revenue. Would you agree?
               | 
               | Let me see if I am following. The tariffs are ostensibly
               | about spurring domestic industry so that American
               | companies can flourish and we don't have to pay tariffs
               | on imports of foreign goods in the long term. Is that
               | right? If so, then long term, aren't we hoping that the
               | "tariff funds" are small? But they are simultaneously
               | supposed to supplement revenue to pay down debt too?
        
           | xfp wrote:
           | Trump is using century-old misinformation about tariffs to
           | raise tax revenue to pay for tax cuts on the wealthy. In
           | reality, it's an added tax on all spending that accelerates
           | inflation.
           | 
           | Tariffs are theoretically supposed to encourage domestic
           | production, but rely on the false premise that all raw and
           | intermediate materials can be sourced domestically at a cost
           | below the import price. That has generally proven to not work
           | unless tariffs are in the hundreds of percent. But at that
           | level, import taxes tend to poison entire sectors due to
           | supply lag instead of drive domestic economies.
        
             | jonifico wrote:
             | Interesting, do you have a source to get more information
             | about this?
        
               | xfp wrote:
               | It's a bit difficult to nail down direct citations for
               | what is basic knowledge of how tariffs work in reality.
               | It's covered in AP/college macroecon and U.S. history
               | classes.
               | 
               | Wikipedia's articles on Smoot-Hawley and the Tariff of
               | Abominations both have sections on their effects.
               | 
               | In short, we'll see a brief rise in the domestic economy,
               | then a sharp recession. One of the reasons SE Asia,
               | BRICS, and the EU have been so active to disconnect
               | themselves from the U.S. is they don't want to get caught
               | up in the U.S. economic failure like they did in the
               | 1930s.
        
               | wrvn wrote:
               | This type of approach is called protectionism, the
               | Wikipedia article is pretty good and goes into the
               | implications of it:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protectionism
        
           | floxy wrote:
           | Here is what they say anyway:
           | 
           | https://www.whitehouse.gov/fact-sheets/2025/04/fact-sheet-
           | pr...
           | 
           | https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-
           | actions/2025/04/regu...
           | 
           | https://www.whitehouse.gov/fact-sheets/2025/03/fact-sheet-
           | pr...
        
           | dragonwriter wrote:
           | They claim that they are "reciprocal" tariffs, and their
           | chart shows them at exactly half the tariffs they claim are
           | imposed by the target or 10%, whichever is higher. But it is
           | suspicious that the column on their infographic showing the
           | foreign tariffs has fine print indicating that includes other
           | non-tariff things that you can't easily calculated as a neat
           | rate the way tariffs are. And, some people running the
           | numbers have determined that the quoted foreign "tariff"
           | amounts are consistently the US trade deficit in goods with
           | the target country divided by that country's exports to the
           | US, with a minimum of 10%.
           | 
           | So, despite being labelled "tariffs", the actual basis for
           | calculating the "reciprocal tariffs" _has nothing to do with
           | tariffs_.
        
           | defrost wrote:
           | It's hard to have insight on what the US admin is thinking
           | behind the public facing statements, however this _might_ be
           | of interest:
           | 
           |  _Why Trump's tariffs are better than you think -- and much
           | worse_
           | 
           | subscribe! https://www.crikey.com.au/2025/03/06/donald-trump-
           | tariffs-im...
           | 
           | or read now, maybe subscribe later: https://archive.md/H46RG
        
           | sydbarrett74 wrote:
           | A rebirth of mercantilism. Peter Navarro is a huge fan of it,
           | and in his heterodox fever dreams, laments that most of the
           | world abandoned it several centuries ago. In his mind, a net
           | surplus of currency is every bit as important as having a
           | strong military. People like Lighthizer have drunk the
           | coloured sugar-water.
        
         | hnburnsy wrote:
         | >25% on South Korea, 32% on Taiwan, 36% on Thailand, 46% on
         | Vietnam
         | 
         | Harley Davidson moved some of its production to Thailand in
         | 2018 to avoid a 31% tariff the EU had on US manufactured
         | motorcycles, announced in 2024 it was moving more production
         | there, and prior to today had plans to sell the Thailand
         | produced bikes back into the US, as the US had a 0% tariff on
         | bikes. Not surprisingly Thailand has a 60% tariff on imported
         | motorcycles.
         | 
         | This tariff jumping is real. I guess we will see how it works
         | out for the US.
        
           | dralley wrote:
           | Just think how many companies moved production from China to
           | Vietnam to avoid China tariffs, and now tariffs on Vietnam
           | are larger than on China.
        
             | h0l0cube wrote:
             | It's just going to be a game of whack-a-mole as production
             | and dumping shift to the less taxed countries. In the end,
             | manufacturing won't shift to the US while labor costs are
             | too high for factory workers. And the only way to remedy
             | that is tanking the currency.
        
               | Server6 wrote:
               | Tanking the currency is literally step 2 in their plan.
               | 
               | https://www.nordea.com/en/news/mar-a-lago-accord-
               | explained-a...
        
               | h0l0cube wrote:
               | It's obviously the only real end game to this policy.
               | Asia needs to divest itself off US bonds, which China has
               | been slowly doing the background of late. No matter how
               | it plays out, it's looking like higher interest rates,
               | inflation, and foreclosures for everyday citizens and
               | SMEs are going to be on the cards for the US, and it's
               | going to take something akin to religious faith for
               | people to tolerate the hardship on the way to this
               | promised renewed prosperity.
        
             | ndiddy wrote:
             | Note that the new 34% China tariffs are on top of the
             | existing 20% blanket tariffs Trump has already imposed on
             | China, so it's really 54%.
             | https://x.com/EamonJavers/status/1907540655871521264
        
               | dralley wrote:
               | Bessent didn't sound too sure in that interview. Given
               | how many members of the cabinet lie on camera flagrantly
               | multiple times a week and how even the numbers on their
               | little poster were total BS pulled from thin air, I'm not
               | gonna give him benefit of the doubt.
        
           | marsten wrote:
           | This underscores the difficulty companies have trying to
           | navigate through this. Even if Trump doesn't change his mind
           | tomorrow, as he's liable to, he's only around for another
           | four years and for most companies that's not enough time to
           | justify a supply chain overhaul.
        
         | belter wrote:
         | The full list:
         | 
         | https://www.cnbc.com/2025/04/02/trump-reciprocal-tariffs-cou...
         | 
         | 10% tariffs on the Heard Island and McDonald Islands which are
         | uninhabited, and can be reached only by sea, which from
         | Australia takes two weeks by vessel. And also 10% on Svalbard
         | and Jan Mayen which is also uninhabited. That will teach them
         | not to ripoff the USA!
         | 
         | Oh NO tariffs on Russia or Belarus. None.
        
           | vidarh wrote:
           | Both Svalbard and Jan Mayen are inhabited. Jan Mayen only by
           | about 35 people, though. Svalbard has both Norwegian and
           | Russian settlements, but of course entirely too small to have
           | impact on US trade.
        
             | magicalhippo wrote:
             | Svalbard imports a lot of snowmobiles though, given their
             | population. From what I know a substantial fraction, if not
             | most, are from Polaris so made in the US[1].
             | 
             | [1]: https://www.polaris.com/en-us/snowmobiles/owner-
             | resources/he...
        
               | vidarh wrote:
               | "A lot" is rather relative here given the total
               | population is around 2.5k people.
        
               | magicalhippo wrote:
               | True but I think relative numbers are relevant in this
               | context.
        
           | prawn wrote:
           | Those first two islands aren't even thought to have been
           | visited by any human for many years!
        
             | belter wrote:
             | That makes the fact that they were able to rip off the USA
             | in trade even more outrageous! :-)
        
         | treetalker wrote:
         | But can't you feel the liberation?
        
       | generj wrote:
       | I guess I didn't want to buy any new tech anyways.
       | 
       | Thanks Tim Apple.
        
         | toomuchtodo wrote:
         | Can always vacation somewhere you can pickup gear and bring it
         | back with you. Not customs advice.
        
           | darth_avocado wrote:
           | As long as it is less than $10000 in value. It is an
           | interesting point though, if tourism outside the country will
           | increase just for shopping.
        
           | generj wrote:
           | If you bring back goods worth more than $800 it has to be
           | declared and a duty paid.
           | 
           | Judging from the changes (currently paused) to the de minimus
           | shipping rules (also formerly $800) I'd expect the threshold
           | to be lowered substantially. Possibly arbitrarily while I'm
           | on a trip and have already bought the goods.
           | 
           | The risk being if detained by DHS for who knows how long is
           | not worth saving $400 on a MacBook personally.
        
             | toomuchtodo wrote:
             | It is highly unlikely my iPhone or Macbook will be checked
             | for newness when on my person, or the iPads in my kids'
             | hands. I'll just time these purchases around trips to
             | Mexico or Europe.
             | 
             | Anything more powerful I will rent or colocate outside of
             | the US in a rack somewhere, moving bits instead of atoms.
             | In short, unless you spend _a lot_ on tech, or tech that
             | isn 't portable, workarounds in some cases are available.
             | Certainly, if you're trapped in the US (or you need goods
             | that are impossible to import on your person), you're hosed
             | and will be exposed to the tariff costs.
             | 
             | I am allergic to kowtowing to stupidity.
        
             | Hikikomori wrote:
             | It was reported that they're getting rid of that as well.
        
           | kylehotchkiss wrote:
           | This is how a lot of people around the world live their
           | lives. Dubai wisely provides this as a service to surrounding
           | countries, to their great enrichment.
        
             | generj wrote:
             | It creates a lot of incentives for corruption though.
             | 
             | It's not at all uncommon in Latina America from my
             | understanding for wealthier people to fly up to Miami, buy
             | a ton of iPhones for family and friends, then bribe the
             | customs agents to look the other way.
        
           | codedokode wrote:
           | Well, US has a "beautiful ocean" around which makes this plan
           | a little costly.
        
             | toomuchtodo wrote:
             | ~19M people live on the US-Mexico border alone in the US
             | [1]. I am not ignoring nor unsympathetic to those who
             | cannot, for whatever reason, make a trip outside of the US
             | happen, but surfacing it as an option for those who can.
             | When you are trapped within a suboptimal system, you have
             | to find ways to hack around it.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.southernborder.org/border_lens_southern_bor
             | der_r...
        
               | StefanBatory wrote:
               | Ah, so like good old times in the Eastern Bloc ;)
               | 
               | My parents did certainly smuggle a fair bit on their
               | trips. I'm so happy Americans can learn that experience
               | too! :> (I don't. Why are you hitting yourself.)
        
             | acdha wrote:
             | When I lived in San Diego, tons of people would walk or
             | drive across for better deals - teenagers would even take
             | the trolley and walk over since their money went so much
             | further. I've heard that this is also common in Washington
             | and Maine.
             | 
             | If the savings is enough, it's guaranteed that people are
             | going to try this. San Diego claimed a 158% increase in egg
             | seizures last month, there's no way you aren't going to
             | have people try that with iPhones.
             | 
             | https://www.npr.org/2025/03/28/nx-s1-5342554/eggs-border-
             | sei...
        
               | Marsymars wrote:
               | In Washington/Maine it's typically Canadians shopping in
               | the US - groceries are cheaper in the US unless the CAD
               | is doing particularly poorly.
        
       | alephnerd wrote:
       | Matches the expectation analysts have had from December 2024 [0]
       | 
       | "In the baseline scenario, we assume that the US will raise its
       | effective WATR against Chinese goods by a total of 20 percentage
       | points over 2025-27. We expect the effective tariff rate on China
       | to rise by 5-10 percentage points in 2025, owing to the
       | imposition of tariffs related to fentanyl smuggling disputes. Mr
       | Trump will further phase in tariffs from late 2025 with a wider
       | range of excuses and policy tools, eventually bringing the
       | effective WATR facing Chinese exports to about 30% by 2027."
       | 
       | [0] - https://www.eiu.com/n/the-impact-of-us-tariffs-on-china-
       | thre...
        
         | generj wrote:
         | For China maybe, I doubt any serious analysts were expecting
         | this high of tariffs on most other countries, like Mexico, the
         | UK, and Canada.
         | 
         | The methodology of counting non-price barriers on certain goods
         | then applying it across the board on all goods as tariffs is
         | bonkers. Doubtlessly they aren't including all the non-price
         | tariffs the US imposes on other countries either.
         | 
         | I'm extremely skeptical the EU has effective tariff rates of
         | 40% on all US goods, and furthermore skeptical that if so the
         | US doesn't have countervailing effective tariff rates at the
         | same rate.
        
       | fabian2k wrote:
       | Are those in addition to existing tariffs?
       | 
       | And there are a lot more countries in that list, South Korea and
       | Taiwan are going to really hurt for electronics. And I assume
       | Vietnam, Cambodia, Bangladesh and other countries will hurt for
       | other good that are made cheaply there.
        
         | alephnerd wrote:
         | > And I assume Vietnam, Cambodia, Bangladesh and other
         | countries will hurt for other good that are made cheaply there
         | 
         | Vietnam and Bangladesh would hurt American consumers (clothes).
         | Cambodia not really.
         | 
         | Silver lining, Brazil and Colombia (edit: and the rest of Latin
         | America) are kept at baseline, and Philippines is now the
         | lowest tariff developing Asian economy.
         | 
         | We'll probably see a significant amount of capital returning to
         | Philippines (who saw de-industrialization when South Korea
         | signed their FTA with Vietnam).
         | 
         | > Are those in addition to existing tariffs?
         | 
         | Yes (Edit: not sure now, I'm hearing some say they include the
         | 2017 tariff regime of flat 10% - smh shows how this was just a
         | political ploy that answers for such a critical question are
         | mixed)
         | 
         | (Edit 2: was right initially - thanks u/inverted_flag)
        
           | fabian2k wrote:
           | So 54% on China, and this might not be the end of it as
           | countries will retaliate and Trump might increase them even
           | further.
        
             | alephnerd wrote:
             | > as countries will retaliate
             | 
             | Depends on the country. India is negotiating a Bilateral
             | Trade Agreement by mid-2025, Vietnam has sent a trade
             | delegation to DC to negotiate as we speak, and tariffs on
             | Colombia, Brazil, Philippines, and Turkiye are the lowest
             | for middle income countries.
             | 
             | The harshest pain will be felt by Cambodia and Vietnam,
             | because both are part of ASEAN like Philippines and share
             | similar trade partners (Japan, SK), Bangladesh as they have
             | an FTA and significant capital from India, and China as EU
             | (looking at you Poland and Czechia), Turkiye, Japan, SK,
             | and India are now cost competitive
             | 
             | You'll be seeing more "Made in Philippines", "Made in
             | Colombia" "Made in Turkiye", "Made in Brazil", and "Made in
             | India" shirts, auto parts, and assembled electronics now.
             | 
             | We might also see a return of Malaysia in the semiconductor
             | industry, as they are now cheaper than Taiwan - great for
             | whoever buys Intel Foundry Services (Penang reax only)
        
               | tass wrote:
               | As soon as Malaysia gets anywhere near a significant
               | capacity of semiconductor manufacturing they'll also get
               | increased tariffs. Or, the the tariffs will end and it
               | will return to Taiwan.
               | 
               | Stability is necessary for any big shifts to be worth
               | taking.
        
               | alephnerd wrote:
               | > As soon as Malaysia gets anywhere near a significant
               | capacity of semiconductor manufacturing
               | 
               | You mean since 1971 when Intel opened their OSAT in
               | Penang?
               | 
               | Malaysia was THE hub for electronics manufacturing until
               | 20 years ago when China became cheaper.
               | 
               | In fact, it was the same businessmen in the Penang
               | electronics industry who largely invested in China's
               | electronics industry.
               | 
               | Also, semiconductors are exempted so my whole thread is
               | moot about that. Electronics manufacturing though will
               | return (and already started due to most companies China+1
               | strategy).
        
               | oezi wrote:
               | But will investors make any long term decision given the
               | unreliability of the US administration? Who would invest
               | in manufacturing in a country if the tariffs could be
               | gone tomorrow again?
        
               | alephnerd wrote:
               | The examples I listed are countries where manufacturers
               | ALREADY invested in capacity well before this happened.
               | 
               | Supply chains have gotten way more resilient after Zero
               | COVID in China and Vietnam caused a lot of supply chain
               | craziness.
        
               | yibg wrote:
               | Seems unlikely, at least in the near term. These are
               | LARGE amounts of good to be shifting, and they don't
               | shift overnight. Plus, if the tariffs calculations are
               | really based on trade imbalance, who's to say Columbia
               | won't get slapped with more tariffs as soon as they start
               | making and exporting more goods to the US. Pretty risky
               | to be opening up a bunch of factories only to be tariffed
               | to death right after.
        
               | alephnerd wrote:
               | > These are LARGE amounts of good to be shifting, and
               | they don't shift overnight
               | 
               | Hence I listed countries where manufacturing in those
               | industries was significant until 10-15 years ago or where
               | investment has largely moved beforehand.
        
           | inverted_flag wrote:
           | > Yes (Edit: not sure now, I'm hearing some say they include
           | the 2017 tariff regime of flat 10% - smh shows how this was
           | just a political ploy that answers for such a critical
           | question are mixed)
           | 
           | https://xcancel.com/EamonJavers/status/1907540655871521264#m
        
       | alephnerd wrote:
       | Complete tariff list -
       | https://cdn.xcancel.com/pic/orig/3B0CC9EA63B82/media%2FGnjqy...
        
         | belter wrote:
         | What happened to Canada?
        
           | ldng wrote:
           | They responded with a middle finger plus a boycott and the
           | message was received loud and clear ?
        
           | fabian2k wrote:
           | You obviously don't put tariffs on your own states /s
        
           | busyant wrote:
           | At the moment, the automotive tariffs still stand and go into
           | effect ... tonight? tomorrow?
           | 
           | Looks like they got cold feet on a blanket Canadian tariff.
           | 
           | But the whole process is so chaotic and subject to mood
           | swings that I expect more holes and carve-outs than a block
           | of PDO emmentaler.
        
           | timbit42 wrote:
           | Canada already has a customized tariff.
        
         | darth_avocado wrote:
         | An interesting observation is that the tariffs are half of what
         | the other country is charging. Does that mean this was a common
         | strategy across the board? Or was strategic importance of goods
         | considered?
        
           | generj wrote:
           | There's a 0% chance other countries were charging tariffs
           | across the board on US goods at the rates claimed.
           | 
           | The EU simply doesn't charge 40% rates on the bulk of US
           | goods. Let alone the random countries that all somehow have
           | 10% tariff rates in the US.
        
           | 0x_rs wrote:
           | >the tariffs are half of what the other country is charging
           | 
           | And that figure is questionable. Read "including currency
           | manipulation and trade barriers". This is the same presidency
           | that believes the "EU was made to screw USA over", and
           | accused them, Japan and practically every other major economy
           | of manipulating _their own_ currency to harm US. It 's
           | improbable that rate has any basis in reality, but surely a
           | detailed breakdown of how they came to that number will be
           | published.. not.
        
             | astrange wrote:
             | > And that figure is questionable.
             | 
             | It's made up. It's based on our trade deficit with them,
             | which has absolutely nothing to do with tariffs.
        
               | District5524 wrote:
               | Exactly. Calculation for actual figures is based on trade
               | deficit, everything else is just a fat lie. "White House
               | officials said its levies were reciprocal to countries,
               | such as China, which it said charge higher tariffs on US
               | goods, impose "non-tariff" barriers to US trade or have
               | otherwise acted in ways the government feels undermine
               | American economic goals" (from BBC) Non-tariff barrier
               | usually means regulation US exporters don't like,
               | including data protection, EU not wanting to buy junk
               | food from the US, most of which apply to EU companies the
               | same way anyway... There is no point in asking for a
               | reduction of these tariffs, and will probably never
               | happen.
        
           | qwertox wrote:
           | It's even wild to consider that countries like Ecuador are
           | taking advantage of the US. An absolutely absurd idea.
        
             | District5524 wrote:
             | Let's not forget the biggest of EVILs, Lesotho, with its
             | 50% tariff. Mr Trump has just noticed that they have
             | cornered the US economy. (A strange coincidence, Trump has
             | recently said nobody has ever heard of Lesotho being a
             | country...)
        
           | Hikikomori wrote:
           | The numbers are not accurate.
        
           | rsynnott wrote:
           | Yeah, no, those numbers in the left column are not correct.
        
             | astrange wrote:
             | The list of countries lists Taiwan separately from China,
             | but also lists Heard Island separately from Australia.
             | 
             | Also includes British Indian Ocean Territory. The only
             | people who live there are on a US military base on Diego
             | Garcia.
        
       | belter wrote:
       | Just leaving this here from 2023...
       | 
       | "In America, estimates say that Chinese suppliers make up 70-80
       | percent of Walmart's merchandise" -
       | https://retailwire.com/discussion/walmarts-open-call-continu...
        
         | toomuchtodo wrote:
         | Walmart has been trying to strong arm China into eating the
         | cost of tariffs.
         | 
         | https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2025-04-02/walmart-k...
         | | https://archive.today/Q5CNc
        
           | paxys wrote:
           | "Hey China, pay the tariffs or we'll go to another country."
           | 
           | "You mean the countries with tariffs even higher than ours?
           | Best of luck."
        
         | morkalork wrote:
         | Walmart is a drain on communities anyways, aren't their
         | employees on food stamps at some ridiculously high rate?
        
           | darth_avocado wrote:
           | It's not like mom and pop stores are equipped to source
           | things locally any better than Walmart. They would also be
           | relying on the same imports from abroad, but would not have
           | the bargaining power that Walmart has.
        
           | bitmasher9 wrote:
           | I'd rather buy from Walmart than Amazon. At least Walmart
           | pays local taxes and has some level of quality assurance on
           | their merchandise.
        
             | barbazoo wrote:
             | I'm assuming you mean you prefer buying local vs online
             | because Walmart's online marketplace has the same level of
             | qa as Amazon it seems.
        
           | astrange wrote:
           | > aren't their employees on food stamps at some ridiculously
           | high rate?
           | 
           | Welfare like food stamps is a subsidy /against/ Walmart, not
           | for it. You are supporting the employees by paying for their
           | food, which means they can negotiate for higher wages, which
           | means Walmart pays them more.
           | 
           | An example of the other kind would be literal wage subsidies,
           | which are sometimes paid so companies will hire mentally
           | disabled people.
        
       | ashoeafoot wrote:
       | what is stopping everybody from exporting to the one guy that
       | knuckles under completely and circumvent the circus?
        
       | vFunct wrote:
       | Trump really thinks America is in the 1950's. He thinks people
       | want to work at factories doing manual labor. He doesn't
       | understand that we DON'T want to work at factories. Americans
       | like our plush corporate office jobs building intellectual
       | property. We aren't oxen doing physical labor.
       | 
       | And we designed it that way. We pay thousands of dollars to each
       | citizen in our public schools to teach them calculus, literature,
       | world history, and science, so that they DON'T work at factories
       | doing manual labor like we were oxen. We're supposed to be doing
       | more valuable jobs in intellectual property and services.
       | 
       | It's going to be hard lesson to be learned by Trump and his
       | working class supporters when the inflation hits them because our
       | economy doesn't have any workers that want to work at factories,
       | but it'll have to be a lesson they learn the hard way.
       | 
       | The correct economy is to let people do labor they're best at. If
       | a foreigner can make a shirt cheaper than an American can, LET
       | THEM. Our economy is already taken by the people that design the
       | shirts.
        
         | jiggawatts wrote:
         | > It's going to be hard lesson to be learned by Trump and his
         | working class supporters
         | 
         | They won't learn any lessons.
         | 
         | The impacts will be felt years from now, when the Democrat are
         | in power, and... you know the rest.
        
           | fzeroracer wrote:
           | Well, the unfortunate beauty of touching the incredibly hot
           | stove of Tariffs is that the pain is immediate and obvious.
           | So assuming that these tariffs go through as is, we'll
           | immediately launch into one of the worst recessions we've
           | seen with price increases unlike anything Americans are used
           | to.
        
             | jiggawatts wrote:
             | A tariff of some +x% doesn't cause a +x% increase in retail
             | prices. The ratio is somewhere between 2:1 and 10:1 for
             | most products, depending on the markup, local value add,
             | taxes, etc...
             | 
             | The real damage is business uncertainty, inefficient
             | capital allocation, etc... all of which takes years to
             | fully impact the economy.
        
               | fzeroracer wrote:
               | This is only true in the ordinary situation of using
               | tariffs. Such as targeting specific markets or exports in
               | order to bolster the local market.
               | 
               | Tariffs on literally everything have an immediate
               | outsized impact as businesses need to rapidly readjust
               | and renegotiate prices on everything. Not only that but
               | there's the second order effects too, such as Trump's
               | interactions with Canada resulting in destroying tourist
               | and seasonal travel from up north to the border states.
        
               | quickthrowman wrote:
               | Uncertainty will be priced into the price of things
               | moving forward, I've already started adding 10-15% to my
               | BoM over today's prices to account for the possibility of
               | future price increases and I'm definitely not the only
               | one.
        
         | soulofmischief wrote:
         | These tariffs are a disaster, but this is is quite a neoliberal
         | take. So if we aren't the oxen, who is? Vietnam? And that's
         | morally acceptable?
        
           | vFunct wrote:
           | Yes. They - or other poor countries - are. And it's their
           | responsibility to grow their citizenry in a neoliberal world.
           | Economics doesn't care about liberal concern tools.
           | 
           | China eliminated poverty through neoliberalism. The rest of
           | the world can, too. This is the benefit of neoliberalism: it
           | lifts the world out of poverty through free trade and self-
           | selected efficiency.
        
             | gtsop wrote:
             | Because we all know there is no amount of factory manual
             | labour going on in China.
             | 
             | Did you even think for a second before writting this?
        
               | vFunct wrote:
               | Oh you prefer China went back to Mao's Cultural
               | Revolution agrarian economy from the 60's before
               | neoliberalism?
               | 
               | Did YOU think for a second about what you wrote?
        
               | gtsop wrote:
               | You said america worked hard to get rid of manual factory
               | jobs and then you gave the example of China as a state
               | that followed their neoliberal example. But China is the
               | Earths factory and they have hundreds of millions doing
               | manual factory work. You contradicted your own arguments.
               | Not sure what you are asking me right now.
        
               | vFunct wrote:
               | I specifically said China eliminated poverty, not factory
               | jobs. Not sure where you got that from.
               | 
               | The neoliberal trajectory is a gradual growth from
               | agrarian economy to a services/IP economy. Factories are
               | a step along that way.
        
               | gtsop wrote:
               | > Americans like our plush corporate office jobs building
               | intellectual property. We aren't oxen doing physical
               | labor.
               | 
               | > So if we aren't the oxen, who is? Vietnam? And that's
               | morally acceptable?
               | 
               | > Yes. They - or other poor countries - are. And it's
               | their responsibility to grow their citizenry in a
               | neoliberal world.
               | 
               | Here you clearly state that the way for vietnam to stop
               | being oxens is by growing in a neoloberal world. Then:
               | 
               | > China eliminated poverty through neoliberalism. The
               | rest of the world can, too. This is the benefit of
               | neoliberalism
               | 
               | You praise China for growing this neoliberal world, but
               | you forgot that Chineese people are still oxens.
        
               | vFunct wrote:
               | Oh I did not know the Chinese economy stopped growing?
        
               | soulofmischief wrote:
               | This is an example of moving the goalposts.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moving_the_goalposts
               | 
               | It's impossible to engage meaningfully with you if you're
               | going to rely on argumentative fallacies and ignoring
               | everything that is said to you.
        
             | soulofmischief wrote:
             | Capitalism needs justification. Neoliberalism is an awful
             | policy. Do I need to school you on the history of US
             | foreign intervention?
        
               | vFunct wrote:
               | You think eliminating poverty is an awful policy?
        
               | soulofmischief wrote:
               | What you just did is called a straw man.
               | 
               | Besides, many countries are not poor by accident.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_involvement_i
               | n_r...
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_interventions_by_th
               | e_U...
        
               | vFunct wrote:
               | So, none of that matters to what I said, since I
               | specifically talked about eliminating poverty. That's
               | what a "straw man" argument actually is, when you decide
               | to argue against something else entirely, like foreign
               | intervention, instead of poverty.
        
               | soulofmischief wrote:
               | Now you're getting it. Adamantly trying to focus on
               | "eliminating poverty", when my original comment was about
               | the morality of neoliberalism, is a straw man argument.
               | I'm glad that after enough contemplation you have come to
               | understand this.
               | 
               | So, if you'd like to address my original comment, I'm all
               | ears, otherwise this discussion is a complete waste of
               | time. Before you do that, though, it would be prudent to
               | learn about what neoliberalism actually is, and why
               | foreign intervention is directly related to it and your
               | original premise. Once you do that, we'll be able to have
               | a fruitful discussion.
               | 
               | An excerpt from _The Divide_ :
               | 
               | > People commonly think of neoliberalism as an ideology
               | that promotes totally free markets, where the state
               | retreats from the scene and abandons all interventionist
               | policies. But if we step back a bit, it becomes clear
               | that the extension of neoliberalism has entailed powerful
               | new forms of state intervention. The creation of a global
               | 'free market' required not only violent coups and
               | dictatorships backed by Western governments, but also the
               | invention of a totalizing global bureaucracy - the World
               | Bank, the IMF, the WTO and bilateral free-trade
               | agreements - with reams of new laws, backed up by the
               | military power of the United States
               | 
               | https://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN9781786090034
        
               | vFunct wrote:
               | You DO believe in eliminating poverty, right?
        
               | soulofmischief wrote:
               | You are fixated on a straw man, clearly too ignorant of
               | the subject material to have a discussion on this.
               | 
               | I provided resources. Read them and get back to me,
               | otherwise there is no reason to continue, since your aim
               | seems to be controlling the narrative and not actually
               | engaging in substantial discussion.
        
               | vFunct wrote:
               | This doesn't sound like you want to eliminate poverty?
               | 
               | You complain I brought up the straw man of poverty, but
               | that's the entire point of neoliberalism: to make people
               | wealthy. It's NOT to start wars or bring disease or
               | famine or whatever. It's an economic system designed to
               | bring about wealth, as demonstrated by neoliberal
               | policies that removed poverty from much of the third
               | world.
               | 
               | This is why I don't trust socialist: I have never heard a
               | socialist say "I want to eliminate poverty". And in fact,
               | they seem to take pride in being impoverished while being
               | ashamed of any bit of wealth.
               | 
               | It's Ok to have nice things. You DON'T have to be poor.
               | 
               | We don't care if people are rich. We are if they are
               | poor, and we believe that's a problem.
               | 
               | And our track record of eliminating poverty around the
               | world over the last 50 years through neoliberal free
               | trade should be celebrated, not discouraged.
               | 
               | You're welcome.
        
               | soulofmischief wrote:
               | Again, I have no interest in engaging with someone who is
               | clearly extremely ignorant about neoliberalism and US
               | foreign policy, and who is fixated on engaging in straw
               | man arguments. Stop embarrassing yourself and let it go.
        
               | vFunct wrote:
               | Instead of congratulating yourself on your sheer
               | brilliance all the time and how you like to declare
               | yourself to be superior, maybe look at why your arguments
               | aren't convincing to others?
               | 
               | I'd recommend you take a point-by-point look at what
               | you're saying vs what I said and see if what you said had
               | any relevance to any of my literal sentences.
        
               | soulofmischief wrote:
               | Let it go. You're not even discussing the subject matter
               | anymore, and are arguing about the meta. No one is
               | thinking in terms of superiority except yourself. This is
               | a toxic discussion, and it is over. Have your compulsive
               | last word.
        
               | vFunct wrote:
               | Look at what you wrote. Nothing you stated had any
               | relevance to neoliberalism. I talked about neoliberalism
               | eliminating poverty, and you brought up invasion.
               | 
               | Neoliberalism is what I say it is, not what YOU say it
               | is.
               | 
               | Additionally, you have yet to answer why you believe
               | poverty shouldn't be eliminated.
        
             | charlie90 wrote:
             | China didnt eliminate poverty, it merely shifted dirty work
             | to other poor countries (other SE asian countries). Just
             | like the US did. Just like all countries will do until they
             | run out of poor countries and the pyramid scheme of
             | globalization collapses.
             | 
             | Not everyone gets to have a cushy intellectual office job.
             | Somebody has to do the coal mining.
        
             | thiagoharry wrote:
             | I did not know that having most of your industries run in
             | part by government under five years planning was a
             | neoliberal method.
        
               | vFunct wrote:
               | It exactly is. Neoliberalism is a mix of free market
               | policies and government planning and intervention when
               | that fails.
               | 
               | Oh, you didn't think neoliberalism was free-market
               | libertarianism, did you? If it was that, it would be
               | called that already.
        
         | Miner49er wrote:
         | We have plenty of workers that want that kind of work, we're
         | just deporting a good chunk of them.
        
           | Loughla wrote:
           | We have less than zero workers who want to do the physical
           | labor of factory jobs for prices paid to workers in places
           | like China and Vietnam.
        
             | vFunct wrote:
             | Especially given the luxury lifestyle that even the poorest
             | suburban 20-something American male lives in today. They
             | get to play video games all day and watch any movie at home
             | with any food from around the world that can show up at
             | their doorstep of their parents home at a moments notice.
             | The aristocrats of 150 years ago could NEVER imagine such
             | luxuries.
             | 
             | And Trump expects our population of suburban aristocrats to
             | work hard at factories...
        
         | charlie90 wrote:
         | Yes. Outsource the manufacturing. We have important
         | intellectual work to do like optimizing ad sales.
        
           | rozap wrote:
           | Hey now, we're also using AI to automate debt collection
           | phone calls.
        
         | tootie wrote:
         | He has repeatedly invoked the 1890s actually. Big fan of
         | McKinley.
        
         | iJohnDoe wrote:
         | I agree with this. People seem to forget that factories and
         | other manual labor positions were hard to fill. No one wanted
         | to do them anymore in America. I don't remember the timing, but
         | there were articles about the whole situation. Well, those jobs
         | went to other countries.
         | 
         | Bush Jr. was all about outsourcing to India and other
         | countries. The India population were thrilled to take office
         | gigs for Microsoft and Google and any other tech company.
         | 
         | The whole "put me to work" in middle-America doesn't exist
         | anymore. They don't want to do that type of work.
         | 
         | I do think a missed opportunity is not increasing defense
         | manufacturing in the US. That could mean a lot of jobs and
         | skill-based jobs. NASA is another failed opportunity where it
         | could be a huge skill and labor opportunity for America. I
         | remember the thousands of workers on the shuttle program being
         | devastated. I'm not saying we need another shuttle program, but
         | the next evolution of NASA, aerospace, and defense would be
         | great for jobs and America.
         | 
         | We have no one left thinking about the long-term big picture
         | for America - and we now have a president trying to destroy
         | America. Any current politicians are focused on just staying in
         | power, more so than they ever have.
         | 
         | I think Bill Clinton was the last president to focus on
         | America.
         | 
         | Even Obama failed to deliver to the American people. He was too
         | focused on drone strikes.
        
           | threeseed wrote:
           | > I do think a missed opportunity is not increasing defense
           | manufacturing in the US.
           | 
           | They are trying to. But zero chance EU capitulates on this:
           | 
           | https://www.reuters.com/world/us-officials-object-
           | european-p...
        
           | watwut wrote:
           | Obama was completely blocked by Republicans. That is when
           | they started to oppose anything accross the aisle on
           | principle.
        
           | arp242 wrote:
           | > Even Obama failed to deliver to the American people. He was
           | too focused on drone strikes.
           | 
           | I agree how Obama continued Bush's "war on terror" was a
           | disappointment, but to state that as the reason for his
           | relatively limited accomplishments is profoundly unserious.
           | The Mitch McConnell's strategy was to do anything Obama did
           | for no other reason than to make him look bad, because
           | McConnell realised that Obama had the potential to be the
           | most consequential president since FDR, with broad public
           | support.
           | 
           | They used every trick in the book to hold up votes, to not
           | schedule votes, voting against popular policy they themselves
           | supported just a few years ago out of principle, etc.
           | 
           | I don't know how anyone could have forgotten this; the
           | Republican party was not serious good faith participant in
           | the democratic process long before Trump came along.
        
         | 52-6F-62 wrote:
         | Pretty sure the broadcast plan as been to make more Americans
         | oxen for the cart...
        
       | cmurf wrote:
       | These guys are untrustworthy liars. I assume there are thousands,
       | possibly tens of thousands of carve outs for the tariffs, based
       | on bribing the POTUS or approved affiliates.
        
       | chvid wrote:
       | How did the value added tax (which is paid by all companies
       | including domestic ones) become the same as import duty?
       | 
       | The only way that you can make that tariffs charged to the USA is
       | the level Trump claims (ie. 39% in the EU) is if you include VAT.
        
         | qwertox wrote:
         | Some of the workers won't understand that EU companies also
         | have to pay the same VAT in the EU, so they think it's correct
         | reasoning.
        
         | mytailorisrich wrote:
         | VAT is not paid by companies. It is paid by consumers and
         | _collected_ by companies. The US have the sales tax, which is
         | similar.
         | 
         | It absolutely does not make sense to count VAT as a "tariff". I
         | am sure they know it.
        
           | butterknife wrote:
           | My company pays VAT surplus to government every quarter since
           | the VAT we collect on our products and services is higher
           | then the VAT we pay for our purchases. How are we not paying
           | it?
        
             | mytailorisrich wrote:
             | You are answering your own question: companies collect VAT
             | from consumers and pass it on to tax authorities.
             | 
             | Then, as the company is VAT-registered what it purchases is
             | either VAT-free or VAT paid can be deducted from the amount
             | of VAT collected from consumers (as you said).
             | 
             | Bottom line: companies do not pay VAT on their own
             | purchases, they only pass on VAT collected from consumers.
             | 
             | Obviously companies do make actual payments to the tax
             | authorities but the point is that these are not from their
             | own funds, they only effectively act as tax collectors.
        
               | butterknife wrote:
               | You are right I suppose. We pay it and then we can get
               | some of it returned.
        
               | bildung wrote:
               | You get _all_ of it returned. 100% of the VAT you paid on
               | things you as a company bought you 'll get back from the
               | tax office.
               | 
               | And when selling products, you'll send 100% of the VAT
               | collected from consumers to the tax office.
               | 
               | VAT doesn't affect a company (besides the bookkeeping).
        
             | teemur wrote:
             | "Paying" is a bit too ambiguous term. Let's say we go to
             | have a lunch, but I forgot my wallet at the office. You pay
             | my lunch and once we are back at the office, I pay you
             | back. Who paid my lunch, you or me? Your company pays VAT
             | in the technical sense you paid my lunch and your company
             | does not pay VAT in the economical sense I paid my lunch.
        
           | arlort wrote:
           | No, VAT is actually paid by companies (and also consumers of
           | course), it's one of the subtle differences between VAT and
           | sales tax.
           | 
           | The "thought experiment" you can make is the case of
           | something not ending up being sold. In a VAT regime the
           | manufacturer will have already paid the VAT on the inputs but
           | since the customer hasn't paid the VAT on the finished
           | product the manufacturer won't get their money back on the
           | VAT they already paid (there might be other tax rebates or
           | write offs, but that's a different matter)
           | 
           | In a sales tax regime the tax is only paid by the final
           | consumer so if the manufacturer doesn't sell the product they
           | are not out for any additional tax
           | 
           | Still doesn't change that neither of those are a tariff by
           | any definition
        
             | mytailorisrich wrote:
             | A VAT-registered company is either able to purchase VAT-
             | free or is refunded the amount of VAT it pays (by
             | offsetting against the VAT it has collected, up to getting
             | actual refunds).
             | 
             | Effectively VAT is only paid by consumers.
             | 
             | NB: in you example if the company has paid more VAT than it
             | has collected in the period then it gets an actual refund.
        
               | arlort wrote:
               | > Effectively VAT is only paid by consumers.
               | 
               | Yes, absolutely, in 99% of cases that is true. But
               | conceptually there is a difference.
               | 
               | > NB: in you example if the company has paid more VAT
               | than it has collected in the period then it gets and
               | actual refund.
               | 
               | Yes, which is what I said as well. But the refund in
               | itself is an additional step on top of the tax system and
               | the money does get paid by the company in the first
               | place. There is indeed a difference in how the cash flow
               | of a company looks like.
               | 
               | That's the entire point of VAT, to make tax evasion
               | harder by making everyone pay at every step and figuring
               | out later the refunds
               | 
               | This is not a criticism of VAT or anything else by the
               | way, as I said, in 99% of cases the company will get the
               | VAT fully refunded and not pay anything on net over the
               | fiscal year
        
             | jbverschoor wrote:
             | VAT = Value Added Tax. Tax should be paid whenever there
             | was value added to a product/service, and it was sold.
             | 
             | The manufacturer has paid VAT, and will get back the paid
             | VAT from the tax authorities. It then adds value (value
             | added tax). It has to charge VAT of the full amount. So,
             | the company in the chain pays VAT over the profit of that
             | product/service. For example (assume 20% VAT):
             | 
             | Company 1 creates something with 0 cost, and sells for 100.
             | Needs to add VAT (20) and pay that to the tax authority. 20
             | has been collected.
             | 
             | Company 2 buys it for the 120, packages and labels it, then
             | sells it for 180 but needs to add 36 VAT. The company will
             | file a tax return of 20-36, so will effectively have to pay
             | 16 to the tax authority. Another 16 has been collected.
             | 
             | Consumer buys it for 216 and doesn't get any VAT back.
             | 
             | Effectively, 20 + 16 = 36 VAT has been collected over time.
             | The tax return can only be done by companies with a VAT
             | registration. In some cases the VAT burden can be inverted
             | in b2b transactions and within the EU. This is there so
             | companies don't have to do cross-border tax returns.
        
         | vdupras wrote:
         | Maybe that applying VAT to imports is done asymmetrically? If,
         | for example, I'm a US citizen importing a european widget, will
         | federal and state sales tax be applied on import?
         | 
         | If they're not, then this might be why they're considered thus.
        
           | cmurf wrote:
           | Uhh... Whether you're a citizen isn't a factor. There's no
           | federal sales tax, although these tariffs act as an import
           | tax that will increase the wholesale costs. And state sales
           | taxes don't apply to imports or wholesale transactions, they
           | are retail tax (or also often a use tax if a sales tax wasn't
           | previously imposed).
           | 
           | VAT is not only a retail sales tax, it'll apply anytime the
           | widget is somehow modified (value is added).
        
           | throw310822 wrote:
           | Not really, because the point of tariffs is that they apply
           | only to imported goods, creating a preference for local ones.
           | If VAT is applied equally to imported and local goods it's
           | not a tariff, it's a tax that consumers pay in any case.
        
         | oramit wrote:
         | People keep making the mistake of thinking that there is any
         | sort of logical consistency to Trump policies.
        
           | bitmasher9 wrote:
           | People keep making the mistake of thinking there is no
           | logical consistency to Trump policies.
           | 
           | He has an agenda.
        
             | Cpoll wrote:
             | What is that agenda?
        
               | g-b-r wrote:
               | To have as much fun as he can in his final years.
               | 
               | He's most entertained by messing up anything good he runs
               | into.
        
               | prawn wrote:
               | I know he's a very different person with very different
               | interests, but I can think of little worse than spending
               | ANY years having to put on a suit and makeup every single
               | day.
        
               | goatlover wrote:
               | To go down in history as this great figure who increased
               | American territory and the power of the executive branch
               | while making America this economic giant that doesn't
               | depend on the global economy, because he thinks economic
               | policies still work like they did in the 19th century.
        
             | inverted_flag wrote:
             | An ill-specified, inconsistent agenda that he and his
             | cabinet lack the IQ to achieve.
        
           | treis wrote:
           | Trump has had a thing for tariffs for like 40 years now.
        
         | zerocrates wrote:
         | He has talked about VAT, but in terms of how they ended up with
         | those numbers, people noticed that the claimed rates don't have
         | anything to do with the actual tariff/VAT/etc. rates, they're
         | just based on the relative size of the US trade deficit with
         | each country.
         | 
         | The gloss will be "this way captures all the various unfair
         | things they're doing to us that are the cause of all these
         | trade deficits" but that's just, well, gloss.
        
         | 0xy wrote:
         | Not if you include trade barriers like the DMA, a law which is
         | used to milk US technology companies through vague court
         | rulings with arbitrary fines.
         | 
         | The EU is the undisputed king of vague laws that are applied
         | principally to competitors with arbitrary fines.
         | 
         | How do you implement GDPR? Don't ask us, but if you violate it
         | watch out!
         | 
         | How do you comply with DMA? Don't ask us, but if you violate it
         | watch out!
        
       | 0x_rs wrote:
       | Inheriting a strong economy beating all expectations that was
       | just about to end its fight with inflation and burning it all
       | away in a pump and dump crypto scheme fashion, while doing
       | nothing (or even working to expand) unprecedented wealth
       | inequality. Good luck, going to need it. The world reserve
       | currency status is faltering, and so will the benefits it allowed
       | US economy.
        
         | iJohnDoe wrote:
         | Agree with everything you wrote.
         | 
         | It's almost like Trump and his administration are trying to
         | purposely hurt America.
         | 
         | I don't want to be melodramatic, but if Russia had a ultra
         | long-term plan to hurt America, it might look like this.
        
         | WalterBright wrote:
         | > just about to end its fight with inflation
         | 
         | Inflation will decline only when the deficit declines.
        
           | oezi wrote:
           | If there is a deficit at all. Looking at the monetary flows
           | it seems most of the deficit outflows where just flowing back
           | into the US through the stock market.
        
             | WalterBright wrote:
             | Interest is paid on the deficit, and once the interest gets
             | large enough, there's a runaway doom loop.
        
               | oezi wrote:
               | It depends on who is spending. If American consumers or
               | the American government borrow to consume, what you say
               | is right.
               | 
               | But it was US monetary policy for decades now that the
               | deficit doesn't really matter, because the world trusts
               | the US and loans the money back.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | > If American consumers or the American government borrow
               | to consume, what you say is right
               | 
               | Consumer borrowing is paid back, so it does not
               | contribute to inflation. Government just issues more debt
               | to pay off the debt, and that leads to collapse.
               | 
               | > US monetary policy for decades now that the deficit
               | doesn't really matter
               | 
               | AKA kicking the can down the road. The bill will come
               | due.
        
         | 0xy wrote:
         | The US economy was not strong in 2024. Cost of living was
         | literally the most important election issue, and it is what
         | decided the election undoubtedly.
         | 
         | It's partially because elites said 'the economy is great! look
         | at my stocks!' while consumer goods had increased in price by
         | 100% or more in only 4 years.
        
         | silisili wrote:
         | The economy has not been 'strong' since at least 2019.
         | 
         | CPI is a joke that just subs out everything when it gets more
         | expensive. Oh food is only up 3%, let's ignore we were pricing
         | beef and eggs and now we're subbing in chicken and tofu.
         | 
         | Inflation has been borderline runaway from 2019-2024. Just ask
         | anyone who isn't rich.
        
           | 0x_rs wrote:
           | That's the part where "unprecedented wealth inequality" comes
           | in. By most metrics, 2024 was an excellent year and the US
           | was far ahead other developed countries [0] in growth, labor
           | market, consumer spending, net household wealth, and much
           | more; the fundamentals were solid and no figures could point
           | to a major economic downturn at that point, certainly not in
           | a predictable manner. In 2025 the 90th percentile accounts
           | for over half all consumer spending, the median household
           | hasn't reaped the same benefits high-income, high-spending
           | ones have. There is no indication this will change, and may
           | get worse with the current and proposed policies.
           | 
           | 0. https://www.ft.com/content/1201f834-6407-4bb5-ac9d-18496ec
           | 29...
        
       | simmerup wrote:
       | Pushing Vietnam into Chinas arms I see. Oh America.
        
       | hnburnsy wrote:
       | Current EU tariffs on US goods...                 Product
       | Category              Tariff Rate
       | ----------------------------- --------------       Dairy Products
       | (e.g., cheese, butter)             Up to 50%       Processed
       | Foods (e.g., chocolate, confectionery)  30-40%       Alcoholic
       | Beverages (e.g., whiskey, bourbon)      25%       Steel and
       | Aluminum Products                       25%       Automobiles
       | 10%       Industrial Goods                                  5-10%
        
         | dralley wrote:
         | Trump thinks VAT is comparable to a tariff. VATs are not
         | directly comparable to tariffs.
        
           | hnburnsy wrote:
           | These are ex-VAT.
        
           | simne wrote:
           | I'm sorry, but could you provide link, where stated, VATs
           | applied to import?
           | 
           | - As I know, usually VAT deducted from exported goods, but I
           | really don't know how VAT work with import - usually on
           | import used tariffs.
        
             | g-b-r wrote:
             | The VAT is applied at the time of sale to the end consumer,
             | it's irrelevant if the product is imported or manufactured
             | locally.
        
               | xp84 wrote:
               | So strange to take VAT into account when it's not
               | discriminating between local or import. By that logic the
               | US has a 5-10% tariff on everything too since we have
               | sales tax in like 47 states.
        
               | bitshiftfaced wrote:
               | The thinking may be that the asymmetry in taxes itself
               | cause a trade imbalance. What can the country _do_ with
               | the extra tax money they receive compared to the lower
               | tax country? They can spend it to fund infrastructure,
               | goods, and jobs inside their own borders.
        
             | AnAfrican wrote:
             | https://vatdesk.eu/en/import-export-and-
             | vat/#:~:text=of%20VA...
             | 
             | >Yes, imports of goods are subject to VAT, with taxation
             | taking place when the goods clear through customs.
        
         | acdha wrote:
         | Weren't things like that 25% steel and aluminum tariff added in
         | response to Trump's earlier tariffs, and allowed to lapse in
         | 2020?
         | 
         | https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2018/886/oj/eng
         | 
         | https://www.gtlaw.com/en/insights/2025/3/eu-to-impose-tariff...
        
         | District5524 wrote:
         | That's a bit misleading. Make no mistake, current US tariffs
         | are UNIVERSAL. Not specific to e.g. chicken or automobiles or
         | purebred horses. They cover absolutely everything. While you
         | may see 38% or more tariff on chocolate, chocolate export to
         | the EU from the US is hardly an important issue. And for dairy
         | products, the tariff is a fixed euro amount per weight, not %.
         | 
         | https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/qanda_...
         | 
         | https://trade.ec.europa.eu/access-to-markets/en/search?origi...
        
         | nottorp wrote:
         | I wasn't touching the first two categories anyway, tariffs or
         | no tariffs.
         | 
         | First one because I don't understand why i should risk a milk
         | based product that has traveled for months across an ocean. Or
         | even from another EU country, when I can buy stuff made in a
         | 200 km radius around me.
         | 
         | Second one because afaik it's legal to call "chocolate"
         | something that does not contain any actual cocoa in the US.
        
           | technothrasher wrote:
           | > Second one because afaik it's legal to call "chocolate"
           | something that does not contain any actual cocoa in the US.
           | 
           | Well, no. It cannot be called "chocolate" if it is something
           | that consumers would expect to be made from actual chocolate.
           | However, it can contain the term "chocolate" if cocoa or
           | another cacao product is the sole source of its chocolate
           | flavor, and as long as consumers have a pre-established
           | understanding that it is likely to not be made from
           | chocolate. For example, people generally understand that
           | chocolate cake is likely made with cocoa, not chocolate, and
           | so it can be labeled "chocolate cake". If there is no such
           | general understanding, the product must be labeled "chocolate
           | flavored".
           | 
           | (See the US FDA CPG Sec 515.800, "Labeling of Products
           | Purporting to be 'Chocolate' or 'Chocolate Flavored'")
           | 
           | Now if we could just get them to stop calling chocolate
           | products with dairy in them "dark" (I'm looking at you,
           | Hershey...)
        
           | SJC_Hacker wrote:
           | Cheese is the obvious one here. I can get a variety of
           | foreign cheeses even at my local big-box grocery. Much better
           | options than most domestically produced cheese.
           | 
           | Irish/Finnish butter (Kerrygold/Finlandia) is also fairly
           | popular here.
           | 
           | If properly refrigerated, milk can last for months especially
           | if pasteurized.
           | 
           | You can also evaporate milk and it will last nearly forever
           | unrefrigerated if kept dry
        
             | nottorp wrote:
             | > If properly refrigerated, milk can last for months
             | especially if pasteurized.
             | 
             | But why take the risk when you can have fresh?
             | 
             | > You can also evaporate milk and it will last nearly
             | forever unrefrigerated if kept dry
             | 
             | Is that still milk?
             | 
             | Cheeses yes, I randomly buy fancy cheeses. But most of my
             | purchases are still boring predictable _recent_ local
             | cheese.
        
         | AnAfrican wrote:
         | Careful: The rate mentioned for alcoholic beverages (and
         | confectionery) may include Excise Duty. Excise Duty usually
         | have the non-discriminatory aspect of VAT : they're also
         | applied on local production.
        
         | piokoch wrote:
         | Interesting that people are downvoting heavily those
         | information. If reality does not match our view of the World,
         | well, let's ignore reality. The truth is that EU kept higher
         | tariffs on US goods than the other way, Trump is changing that
         | and there is an outcry, because it was Trump who did that. If
         | that was Kamala, nobody would even notice.
        
       | xfp wrote:
       | I'm taking bets, do you think the tariffs will:
       | 
       | 1. be rescinded/paused in [0,2) days;
       | 
       | 2. be rescinded/paused in [2,4) days;
       | 
       | 3. be rescinded/paused in [4,7] days;
       | 
       | 4. not be rescinded/paused.
        
         | floxy wrote:
         | 3.5) rescinded/paused [30-61) days. There will be some bluster,
         | and then announcements with the large trading partners like
         | Japan, South Korea, etc., that some new deals have been struck.
        
           | userbinator wrote:
           | _that some new deals have been struck._
           | 
           | I believe that was the plan all along. He's just doing it
           | aggressively with tariffs.
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | 5. All of the above.
        
       | Karupan wrote:
       | Genuine questions: why are they calling it "reciprocal"? Is the
       | US just matching the tariffs set by the other countries?
       | 
       | Also, this announcement has wiped out any plans of buying tech
       | products this year, plus a holiday to the US and Canada later in
       | the year. Good thing too, as the entire globe is probably staring
       | down the barrel of a recession.
        
         | ModernMech wrote:
         | Because when the blowback comes, people will be looking to cast
         | blame for starting this whole trade war, and when that time
         | comes Trump will point to the word "reciprocal" and say "we
         | didn't start this, we were only reciprocating".
        
         | gjsman-1000 wrote:
         | > Is the US just matching the tariffs set by the other
         | countries?
         | 
         | No. Trump claims that the new tariffs are a 50% _discount_ on
         | what those countries tariff US goods at. (Even if that 's
         | questionable - is VAT a tariff?)
         | 
         | If he's correct, or anywhere close, this is a "tough love"
         | strategy to force negotiations. We'll see how it goes. It also
         | plays to his base - why should we tariff any less than they do
         | us? And they have a point, it's the principle of the thing.
        
           | f33d5173 wrote:
           | It's so quaint to me that people actually believe his
           | rhetoric. How long do you think people will put up with high
           | prices before they turn on him?
        
             | barbazoo wrote:
             | If high prices are inevitable, what's their endgame? Are
             | they actually incompetent or are people too pessimistic
             | about what they're attempting to do?
        
               | f33d5173 wrote:
               | Prior to yesterday's announcement, the claim regarding
               | tarrifs was that the goal was to bring manufacturing back
               | to american soil. This is unlikely to happen in any case,
               | but it requires at minimum that consumers put up with
               | high prices for a while (with "a while" being measured in
               | years, if not decades). Actually, the "liberation day"
               | tarrifs strongly agree with this goal: after speculation,
               | the administration announced the formula for these new
               | tarrifs, which has nothing to do with counter tarrifs or
               | trade barriers as claimed, and instead comes from a ratio
               | of the trade deficit in goods and the overall amount of
               | trade. In other words, countries that export a lot of
               | goods to the US (and the US doesn't have commensurate
               | goods exports to) get high tarrifs. This makes sense if
               | the goal is to incentivize manufacturing in the US, by
               | making manufactured goods from outside more expensive.
               | 
               | There is another camp that thinks that trump doesn't
               | really have a goal per se, and is rather doing all this
               | as an exercise in showing off his strength and to draw
               | attention to himself. This camp holds that eventually
               | trump will get bored, or the public will turn on him, and
               | he'll need to get rid of tarrifs to save face. We call
               | these people "optimists".
        
           | cldellow wrote:
           | > If he's correct
           | 
           | He's not.
           | 
           | According to [1], the White House claims Vietnam has a 90%
           | tariff rate.
           | 
           | According to [2], 90.4% is the ratio of Vietnam's trade
           | deficit with the US -- they have a deficit of $123.5B on
           | $136.6B of exports.
           | 
           | The same math holds true for other countries, e.g. Japan's
           | claimed 46% tariff rate is their deficit of $68.5B on $148.2B
           | of exports. The EU's claimed 39% tariff rate is their deficit
           | of $235.6B on $605.8B of exports.
           | 
           | Who knows, maaaaybe it just so happens that these countries
           | magically have tariff rates that match the ratio of their
           | trade deficits.
           | 
           | Or maybe, the reason Vietnam doesn't buy a lot of US stuff is
           | because they're poor. The reason they sell the US a bunch of
           | stuff is because their labour is cheap to Americans. (They do
           | have tariffs, but they're nowhere near 90%: [3].)
           | 
           | America's government is not trustworthy. Assuming that what
           | they say is truthful is a poor use of time.
           | 
           | [1]:
           | https://x.com/WhiteHouse/status/1907533090559324204/photo/1
           | 
           | [2]: https://ustr.gov/countries-regions/southeast-asia-
           | pacific/vi...
           | 
           | [3]: https://www.investmentmonitor.ai/news/vietnam-gives-us-
           | tax-b...
        
           | rsynnott wrote:
           | > If he's correct
           | 
           | Trump is not in the business of being _correct_, or indeed
           | caring about correctness as a concept.
           | 
           | And no, these are, obviously, not the actual tariffs, don't
           | be silly.
        
         | graeme wrote:
         | Someone calculated the formula used. They divided the trade
         | deficit of each country by total trade of each country and
         | assumed that was all a tariff.
         | 
         | So for example Indonesia and the US traded $28 billion. The US
         | has a 17.9 billion trade deficit with Indonesia. 17.9/28
         | =0.639, or 64%, which is assumed to be all caused by tariffs.
         | So they divide by two and impose 32%.
         | 
         | Anyway no the US isn't matching tariffs they're dramatically
         | exceeding them.
        
           | tim333 wrote:
           | That's a bit of a messed up way to calculate things.
           | 
           | I also think the US deficits are hugely overstated because
           | much of what the US produces is intellectual capital rather
           | than physical goods and the profits are made to appear in
           | foreign subsidiaries for tax reasons. Like if I buy Microsoft
           | stuff in the UK, Microsoft make out it was made in Ireland
           | for tax purposes, but really the value is created in and
           | owned by the US. The US company both wrote the software and
           | owns Microsoft Ireland. So much of the perceived unfairness
           | Trump is having a go at isn't real.
        
             | peterbecich wrote:
             | You raise an excellent point that US corporate tax evasion
             | is exaggerating the trade deficit. However, from the
             | perspective of winning US elections, I think it does not
             | change the issue that the trade deficit falls more on de-
             | industrializing Midwestern states, and the corporations you
             | are referring to are concentrated in Northeastern and
             | Western states.
             | 
             | Secondly, if Microsoft or Apple makes the profit appear in
             | Ireland, it cannot move that money back to the domestic US,
             | right? So as long as the money sits overseas, it would not
             | count towards US trade and thus the deficit calculation is
             | fair.
        
               | oezi wrote:
               | They don't move the profit back to the US, but through
               | Ireland and the Netherlands they move it out of the EU
               | mostly to some tax havens in the Caribbean. From there
               | they use them for their stock buybacks, which I think
               | equals mostly flowing back into the US.
        
               | pishpash wrote:
               | Again, not flowing back to the right people. All of this
               | could have been solved by sane redistribution, but no.
               | It'll still be redistribution but in a cruder, less
               | apparent form.
        
               | graeme wrote:
               | If the profits went back to Apple HQ directly they would
               | serve to raise the share price and allow stock buybacks
               | and stock based compensation for employees. Same as they
               | do now.
               | 
               | You may not like a tech company succeeding at exports and
               | having a rising share price, but that is distinct from
               | the overall point which is that properly considered these
               | are US exports obscured by the US tax code which
               | incentivizes profits abroad.
        
               | disgruntledphd2 wrote:
               | This is no longer true. Said loophole was eliminated in
               | 2017, and completely closed in 2020.
        
             | graeme wrote:
             | That's a great point. I checked into this, and if and when
             | the profits are repatriated they indeed only show up in the
             | capital account, not the current account.
             | 
             | However, in practice even if not repatriated those exports
             | show up in the us economy. Profits raise the share price,
             | which allows stock grants at higher values, effectively a
             | wage as one example.
             | 
             | I wonder how big an effect this phenomenon you highlight
             | has. Must be a fairly large overstatement of the US trade
             | deficit.
        
             | Buttons840 wrote:
             | If the US has a trade deficit, doesn't that mean the US is
             | trading make-believe pieces of paper for real goods.
             | 
             | Like, if I scribble on a piece of paper and then trade you
             | the piece of paper for an incredibly engineered brand new
             | laptop, is that bad for me? Is this a sign of my weakness?
             | 
             | I know economics can be complicated, and probably "it
             | depends", but why is a trade deficit bad? Why does the
             | Trump administration want to eliminate trade deficits?
        
           | googlehater wrote:
           | Thanks for pointing this out. As a follow up, if the US has a
           | trade surplus, they seem to just slap 10% in both columns.
        
         | tootie wrote:
         | It's just spin. The new duties are purely punitive.
        
         | phorkyas82 wrote:
         | It's like the blaming in a playground fight; who started first?
         | For context:
         | https://nitter.net/KushDesai47/status/1907618136444067901
        
       | jdb47 wrote:
       | Would be good to know -
       | 
       | Who are the people coming up with these specific rates?
       | 
       | How are they modeling this system?
        
         | frogperson wrote:
         | I am certain they didn't use any liberal math or science or
         | history to arrive at these numbers. It's all just made up by
         | incompetent yes men.
        
         | lsllc wrote:
         | According to the BBC reporting, it appears that for each
         | country he's charging 50% of the tariff they place on US goods
         | coming into those countries, or a baseline of 10% for some
         | countries like the UK.
         | 
         | (sorry, this is a BBC live news ticker link):
         | 
         | https://www.bbc.com/news/live/c1dr7vy39eet?post=asset%3A3a34...
         | 
         | And a picture of the chart they had showing the per-country
         | tariffs:
         | 
         | https://www.bbc.com/news/live/c1dr7vy39eet?post=asset%3A7f78...
        
           | lawlessone wrote:
           | its not tariffs
           | 
           | Trump took the trade surplus the US has with those countries
           | and calcuated the percentage from that.
        
             | lsllc wrote:
             | Interesting - I haven't seen that mentioned in any of the
             | coverage, do you have a source for that?
        
               | ammo1662 wrote:
               | A lot of comments have already mentioned that. You can
               | also calculate it by yourself.
               | 
               | For example, in 2024, the total value of US trade in
               | goods with China was approximately $582.4 billion,
               | comprising $143.5 billion in exports and $438.9 billion
               | in imports. [0]
               | 
               | (438.9-143.5)/438.9=67.3%
               | 
               | [0] https://ustr.gov/countries-regions/china-mongolia-
               | taiwan/peo...
        
             | tempestn wrote:
             | The trade deficit the US has with those countries, or the
             | surplus they have with the US, as a percentage of the
             | country's total exports to the US.
             | 
             | It's an incredibly simplistic calculation that definitely
             | doesn't equate to the country's tariff rate.
        
         | cco wrote:
         | It's trade deficit divided by total exports divided by 2.
        
       | Freedom2 wrote:
       | As someone interested in "curious discussion", what are some of
       | the positives we can take away from this? Is this a new standard
       | for economic policy?
        
         | JohnFen wrote:
         | I can't think of any positives.
         | 
         | Trump is saying the positives are the it will force companies
         | to build stuff in the US, thus increasing our domestic
         | manufacturing and increasing jobs. I don't see that happening
         | in a significant way, but who knows?
         | 
         | But if that does happen, then the huge amount of revenue that
         | Trump thinks is going to come to the government's coffers won't
         | happen, and that revenue is meant to offset some of the tax
         | breaks for the wealthy, so we're kinda screwed either way.
        
         | ReflectedImage wrote:
         | Well it's positive for various countries that benefit from an
         | end to US dominance over the world. :p
         | 
         | So for the US itself? The theory would be that the tariffs will
         | increase US manufacturing sector. But the cold hard truth is
         | that it isn't the 1830s anymore and last time tariffs were
         | tried happened to line up exactly with the Great Depression.
         | 
         | Even an competent administration would have great difficulty
         | making tariffs to restore manufacturing work in the US, if that
         | is even at all possible. It fails because other countries just
         | put the same tariffs back on the US.
         | 
         | So with the Trump's administration some kinda of serious
         | economy meltdown is almost certainly the result.
        
         | energy123 wrote:
         | Autarky is just bad economic policy because comparative
         | advantage is too powerful. Nobody benefits from this. The US
         | loses and everyone else loses. The US loses the most however,
         | both economically and in soft power.
         | 
         | This isn't even the China model. Slapping tariffs on raw inputs
         | guarantees that US industry cannot compete internationally.
         | This is more like the North Korean model.
         | 
         | While there are positives to targeted industrial policy, there
         | are no positives to autarky.
        
           | rstuart4133 wrote:
           | > The US loses the most however, both economically and in
           | soft power.
           | 
           | Yes. It loses most because 10-20% of world trade is for value
           | added in the USA. The one exception is the USA of course,
           | because their percentage is 100%. So USA is 100% effected,
           | the rest of the world is 10-20% effected as they continue to
           | happily trade with each other without tariffs.
           | 
           | I dunno about everywhere else, but in Australia the effects
           | are already noticeable. Trade with the USA is dropping, and
           | trade with Canada is growing.
        
           | est wrote:
           | > This isn't even the China model
           | 
           | It's 1400-1840 China model
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isolationism#China
        
         | raytopia wrote:
         | Buying American stocks and companies is about to be a lot
         | cheaper.
        
         | ianpurton wrote:
         | It may reduce consumerism in the US and therefore be beneficial
         | to the environment.
        
         | UncleMeat wrote:
         | It is possible for things to simply be foolish. Insisting on
         | balance is not the same thing as curious discussion.
        
       | Workaccount2 wrote:
       | Trump is going for a 1-2 punch. First tariffs and then tax cuts
       | to soften the blow of price increases. It also puts republicans
       | in a choke hold to force the tax cut legislation through, because
       | the fallout of tariffs with no tax cuts would be a death knell
       | for the party.
       | 
       | Maybe in a sim city game this would balance out, but it's a tall
       | order for a real world scenario. Prepare for a bumpy road ahead.
        
         | gigatexal wrote:
         | It's all a grift for the wealthy anyway. He doesn't care about
         | the hurting 50k a year worker. Low income MAGA voters are just
         | fodder for Trump to enrich himself and the wealthy around him.
        
         | kelnos wrote:
         | > _It also puts republicans in a choke hold to force the tax
         | cut legislation through, because the fallout of tariffs with no
         | tax cuts would be a death knell for the party._
         | 
         | I mean, they could vote down the "emergency" Trump is using in
         | order to obtain the authority to enact these tariffs instead,
         | and that would be so much less work. But of course they won't
         | go against their Dear Leader.
        
         | beAbU wrote:
         | omg do you think elon started playing simcity recently, trying
         | out all these ridiculous things, and now he's advising donald
         | to do same in the real world, because he's convinced it'll work
         | based on the simcity experience?
        
       | tnt128 wrote:
       | I don't buy the blanket statement that the consumer always pays
       | the tariff. It depends on what alternative companies have. If a
       | company can purchase the same clothing from Chinese, Vietnamese,
       | or Mexican vendors, a tax on China only could make the Chinese
       | vendors lower the price or risk losing the business.
       | 
       | However, a blanket tax on every country, regardless of available
       | alternatives, would leave businesses with fewer options and make
       | it more likely that the cost is passed on to consumers.
        
         | taeric wrote:
         | For taxes to work in raising money, they have to be paid. So,
         | if the goal is to make revenue from the taxes, then raising
         | costs is expected?
         | 
         | If the goal is to incentivize alternatives, then the tax has to
         | be such that it raises the price above the gap there now. So,
         | even if you do drive people to an alternative source, the new
         | price will be higher than the old. (Unless the thought is that
         | people were choosing to not buy the cheaper source to begin
         | with?)
         | 
         | I suppose you can argue that some suppliers have such a margin
         | that the tax could be an effort to get them to cut into that? I
         | have not seen evidence that that is the case?
        
         | s1artibartfast wrote:
         | Of course! That definitive statement is rhetoric.
         | 
         | The payer of a tariff is decided by the relative elasticity of
         | supply and elasticity of demand.
         | 
         | Sometimes the seller will eat it. Sometimes they buyer will eat
         | it. Sometimes the product wont get made or sold.
        
         | kazinator wrote:
         | The objective reality of the situation is that there is a
         | transaction between a buyer and a seller. That _transaction_ is
         | what pays the tariff, VAT, property transfer tax or whatever
         | vampirical suckage by whatevername.
         | 
         | Both transacting counterparties are robbed.
         | 
         | How that is distributed between them is a matter of which has
         | more alternatives. E.g. if the seller has lots of prospective
         | buyers, most of whom are not subject to the tax, then the
         | market price they demand is not sensitive to the rare buyer who
         | does pay the tax.
         | 
         | If a big fraction of the seller's prospective buyers face a
         | tax, then it makes their product or service look more expensive
         | to a good chunk of the market, which exerts downward pressure
         | on the price. The downward pressure on the price means that the
         | seller effectively pays some of the tax, through lost revenue.
         | 
         | So, the transaction pays the tax as such, but how much of it is
         | distributed between buyer and seller depends on the degree of
         | influence of the tax on the price point.
        
         | lottin wrote:
         | > If a company can purchase the same clothing from Chinese,
         | Vietnamese, or Mexican vendors, a tax on China only could make
         | the Chinese vendors lower the price or risk losing the
         | business.
         | 
         | This example implies producers are already in competition with
         | one another, so it's unlikely that any of them can lower the
         | price much. On the other hand, if some producers leave the
         | market due to the tariffs, then there's less competition
         | overall and the other producers can charge more.
        
           | oasisaimlessly wrote:
           | > This example implies producers are already in competition
           | with one another, so it's unlikely that any of them can lower
           | the price much.
           | 
           | Non sequitor. Differing production conditions between
           | countries would result in differing profit margins.
        
         | AnIrishDuck wrote:
         | The concept you are describing here is "tax incidence" [1].
         | 
         | Tariffs are taxes.
         | 
         | I'm sure lots of hours will be spent researching the incidences
         | of these across many industries.
         | 
         | As you note, one major factor is the presence of substitutes,
         | but there are several others.
         | 
         | 1. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tax_incidence
        
         | seanmcdirmid wrote:
         | This is true, but the amount of production in China dwarfs
         | everyone else, and definitely what America can bring up anytime
         | soon, so two consequences:
         | 
         | A. Tariff for Chinese goods will be reflected in consumer
         | prices pretty much directly.
         | 
         | B. Domestic suppliers if the same goods have very limited
         | capacity, giving them the pricing power to raise their prices
         | by the tariff amount, and take it as extra profit.
         | 
         | Take for example cars. We will see American cars go up by the
         | same amount as imports as long as they are oversubscribed on
         | capacity.
        
       | hnburnsy wrote:
       | The exemptions...
       | 
       | >Some goods will not be subject to the Reciprocal Tariff. These
       | include: (1) articles subject to 50 USC 1702(b); (2)
       | steel/aluminum articles and autos/auto parts already subject to
       | Section 232 tariffs; (3) copper, pharmaceuticals, semiconductors,
       | and lumber articles; (4) all articles that may become subject to
       | future Section 232 tariffs; (5) bullion; and (6) energy and other
       | certain minerals that are not available in the United States.
        
         | TheJoeMan wrote:
         | I thought the tariff goal was also to fix the issue with
         | Pharmaceuticals where the R&D happened in the US, the company
         | then "exported" the IP to the EU factories, and now import the
         | drugs back. This results in a US tax rate of 0%.
        
         | fspeech wrote:
         | Exempting chips alone doesn't make sense. Does Intel have to
         | pay 20% on ASML lithography machines or more on Japanese ones?
         | Meanwhile TSMC can fab chips in Taiwan and export to the US
         | without tariffs.
        
       | gigatexal wrote:
       | Americans have been hurt for 50 years ... yes manufacturing going
       | overseas was a huge change and many administrations didn't do
       | enough to help affected workers. Buuuuuut - placing tariffs on
       | our allies that will likely lead to a recession makes no sense.
       | 
       | Devaluing the dollar and subsidizing production in the US makes
       | far more sense.
       | 
       | But I'm not an economist or anything.
        
         | bibanez wrote:
         | Devaluing the dollar makes paying national debt more expensive
        
           | insane_dreamer wrote:
           | No it makes it cheaper because the US is in a unique position
           | of issuing debt in its own currency.
        
             | drivebyhooting wrote:
             | You can both be right. Old debt is cheaper to pay but new
             | debt more expensive. And the government runs a deficit so
             | new debt is always accruing.
        
               | insane_dreamer wrote:
               | New debt is only more expensive if you have to exchange
               | something of value to obtain the USD to pay down the
               | debt. But since the Fed can expand the money supply at
               | will, it's essentially creating new USD out of thin air
               | which can be used.
               | 
               | (This is how the US has been able to sustain such a large
               | debt without any real consequences.)
               | 
               | What will happen though is that interest rates on T bills
               | will rise, so yes, in that sense, it does eventually
               | become "more expensive" to service new debt. But again
               | it's in nominal dollar terms and so it's just a matter of
               | issuing more dollars. The trick is to do this in a way
               | that doesn't devalue the dollar thus triggering an
               | inflationary cycle.
        
               | drivebyhooting wrote:
               | It's an impossible trick. The chicks come home to roost.
               | You can't have an exponential forever.
        
         | threeseed wrote:
         | > Americans have been hurt for 50 years
         | 
         | No they haven't. They've benefitted from it.
         | 
         | Because now most Americans don't slave away in unsafe factories
         | 7 days/week for dollars an hour.
        
           | refurb wrote:
           | How about steel mill jobs paying $35/hr?
           | 
           | Saying Americans haven't been hurt they've benefited applies
           | to white collar workers only - no change to jobs and cheaper
           | goods.
        
             | palmotea wrote:
             | >>> Americans have been hurt for 50 years
             | 
             | >> No they haven't. They've benefitted from it.
             | 
             | > Saying Americans haven't been hurt they've benefited
             | applies to white collar workers only - no change to jobs
             | and cheaper goods.
             | 
             | And that's a big reason why Trump won: white collar
             | workers, like the GP, lecturing blue collar workers, while
             | being ignorant of their actual situation.
        
               | ringeryless wrote:
               | And what Trump has been doing does not actually serve
               | blue collar workers. Republican policies don't serve blue
               | collar workers in general: anti union policies, for one.
               | Republican policies serve billionaires and make no
               | attempts to hide this, but they win blue collar votes
               | from foolish people who believe culture war narratives
               | matter. The culture war was invented to distract from
               | class war waged by billionaires against the working
               | class, hello.
        
               | palmotea wrote:
               | You've just repeated the Democratic party line, designed
               | to cover their ass for their inaction and inattention.
               | Democrats will lecture the blue collar working class to
               | not believe their lying eyes and trust the Democrats,
               | then lecture them on how they have to because Republicans
               | are so much worse.
               | 
               | It's a dumb strategy, and it isn't working anymore.
        
             | threeseed wrote:
             | Plenty of white collar jobs have moved overseas e.g. IT,
             | marketing, call centres. Especially with remote work.
             | 
             | The point is that as a country it has adapted by people
             | moving into industries that aren't able to be easily
             | outsourced.
        
             | vkou wrote:
             | The US today produces more steel than it ever has in its
             | history, with ~1/10th of its peak workforce.
             | 
             | Those jobs aren't coming back.
        
           | JanisErdmanis wrote:
           | The error is assuming that Americans are homogenous. Wealthy
           | ones benefited tremendously by reducing their production
           | costs while the less fortunate were put into international
           | labour productivity competition.
        
             | rTX5CMRXIfFG wrote:
             | Well, does the American public make it viable for a
             | politician to push for expenditure of taxes on supporting
             | the "less fortunate", say in terms of re-education or, you
             | know, subsidizing social safety nets? If income inequality
             | was such an issue, why did Americans put into power a
             | billionaire to design the economy _twice_? Lol
        
               | JanisErdmanis wrote:
               | Income inequality does not have a chance of standing as
               | relevant issue in corporate media. Furthermore social
               | media has become a significant suppressor by shaming
               | (perhaps not the right word) people of their
               | circumstances. As a result the perceived public opinion
               | is far from actual opinion of the people on the relevant
               | issues that Bernie Sanders often speaks about.
               | 
               | Whereas some did vote for the Trump in spite to make
               | others suffer as they already do.
        
             | Vegenoid wrote:
             | And yet, we have a system where the less fortunate could,
             | simply by choosing to, make the government use some of the
             | wealthy people's money to make things better for
             | themselves. This has been done in the past in the US,
             | during the years that many consider America's best. In
             | other countries, the poor don't have this option.
             | 
             | But, they choose not to. To some this choice is noble, to
             | others it's foolish. Either way, what can you do?
        
               | JanisErdmanis wrote:
               | When the wealth redistribution were done in the past
               | there happened to be a strong movements that backed the
               | change. I don't see prospects of that happening in the
               | foreseeable future given the new technologies of
               | surveillance and deception.
        
           | topspin wrote:
           | > They've benefitted from it.
           | 
           | They benefitted from it so hard they voted for the exact
           | opposite with eyes wide open. Twice.
           | 
           | > Because now most Americans don't slave away in unsafe
           | factories 7 days/week for dollars an hour.
           | 
           | Now they're collecting disability in their unsafe
           | neighborhoods, getting morbidly obese while their substance
           | abusing kids play vidya games in the basement into their 30s.
           | 
           | Yes, it's really like that. People want their factories and
           | incomes back. I don't claim that anything happening here is
           | going to deliver that, but that's the pitch they're voting
           | for. To their credit, at least they're pursuing that in lieu
           | of some UBI ideocracy made of fantasy money.
           | 
           | As for you: it's fine to point out all the ways they may be
           | misguided and/or misled, but unless you have an alternative
           | that doesn't amount to expecting everyone to somehow earn an
           | advanced degree, and then discover it's next to worthless
           | (even before "AI",) your really not contributing much. So
           | what do you have?
           | 
           | Anything?
        
             | patrickmcnamara wrote:
             | > They benefitted from it so hard they voted for the exact
             | opposite with eyes wide open. Twice.
             | 
             | People vote against their own interests constantly. This is
             | literally evidence of that.
        
               | topspin wrote:
               | > vote against their own interests
               | 
               | The go to midwit rationalization for every electoral
               | loss.
               | 
               | Note the abject lack of anything resembling an
               | alternative.
        
             | sunshowers wrote:
             | > They benefitted from it so hard they voted for the exact
             | opposite with eyes wide open. Twice.
             | 
             | This conundrum, like so many others in public discourse, is
             | downstream of the widespread but fundamentally incorrect
             | belief in free will (which in turn is downstream of belief
             | in supernatural powers, because free will sure as hell
             | isn't explained by anything in nature).
             | 
             | Nothing is in anyone's control. There's no such thing as
             | "eyes wide open". People's behaviors are 100% downstream of
             | genetics and environment. Some people behave rationally
             | some of the time, and to the extent they do so it is
             | because the environment set them up to do that. There is
             | absolutely no coherent reason to generalize that into the
             | idea that most people vote (or do anything else)
             | rationally.
        
               | Johanx64 wrote:
               | You shoe-horned two things together - free will and
               | rationality.
               | 
               | Just because free will doesn't exist, doesn't mean they
               | didn't act "rationally" (whatever that even means in this
               | case).
               | 
               | Deindustrialization and Nikefication in the past several
               | decades isn't "rational" long-term behavior either.
        
               | sunshowers wrote:
               | I mean in their actual self-interest rather than, say,
               | what they have been made to believe is in their self-
               | interest.
               | 
               | > Deindustrialization and Nikefication in the past
               | several decades isn't "rational" long-term behavior
               | either.
               | 
               | Maybe, but I was responding to "They benefitted from it
               | so hard they voted for the exact opposite with eyes wide
               | open. Twice."
               | 
               | There's an implication here, and in a subsequent reply
               | that people voting against their interests is "[t]he go
               | to midwit rationalization for every electoral loss", that
               | people exercised free will when they voted.
               | 
               | This is plainly incorrect, because free will quite
               | clearly does not exist. No one has ever shown the kinds
               | of violations in the laws of physics that would be
               | required for free will to exist.
               | 
               | Since free will does not exist, there is simply no a
               | priori reason to believe that people voted in their
               | interests. People's voting decisions, like everything
               | else they do, are out of their control. To the extent
               | that they vote in a particular way that's good or bad for
               | them, it's driven purely by luck and circumstances.
               | 
               | It is this a priori belief that people vote or act in
               | their own interests that's the real "midwit
               | rationalization".
        
               | Johanx64 wrote:
               | > There's an implication here, that people exercised free
               | will when they voted.
               | 
               | There's no such implication.
               | 
               | > This is plainly incorrect, because free will quite
               | clearly does not exist.
               | 
               | > Since free will does not exist, there is simply no a
               | priori reason to believe that people voted in their
               | interests.
               | 
               | What are you even talking about.
               | 
               | People (and living beings in general) acting in their own
               | self-interest - pretty much all the time - it is the most
               | universal general principle of life if there ever was
               | one. This doesn't require or involve free will.
               | 
               | How well a biorobot (no free will!) executes in pursuing
               | his self-interests, is the selection critereon.
               | 
               | Now, the people make mistakes pursuing their self-
               | interests, doesn't mean they aren't acting in their self-
               | interest. Because they sure as hell are - all the
               | frigging time! It's their whole firmware!
               | 
               | Deindustrialization / nikefication all the way through
               | the value chain except the very, very top last step of
               | the value add - hasn't been in their self-interest, it
               | isn't in the interests of their nation either.
               | 
               | It's only in the self-interests of short-term thinking
               | shareholders that min-max asset valuations with great
               | costs to everyone else but themselves.
        
               | sunshowers wrote:
               | > People (and living beings in general) acting in their
               | own self-interest - pretty much all the time - it is the
               | most universal general principle of life if there ever
               | was one.
               | 
               | Base evolutionary instincts to survive don't translate to
               | humans living in complex modern societies acting in their
               | self-interest.
        
             | happosai wrote:
             | People who voted that wouldn't want to work at factories
             | with working conditions and salaries Chinese factories make
             | everything they consume. They also don't support the unions
             | that would make working bearable in factories. Even if
             | somehow factories would return and pay reasonable
             | compensation, that would make the products so expensive
             | most Americans couldn't afford them. People would have to
             | consume a lot less. Which may be a good thing for the
             | planet, but I doubt that's what the voters are prepared
             | for.
        
             | threeseed wrote:
             | > People want their factories and incomes back
             | 
             | But are they willing to work for below minimum wage for
             | ridiculously long hours ?
             | 
             | Because otherwise that factory will be uncompetitive
             | against China, Vietnam, India etc.
             | 
             | Unless of course you want to resort to tariffs which will
             | instead transfer that cost onto everyone.
        
             | theuppermiddle wrote:
             | The richest country in the world cannot save their own
             | citizens from poverty. Not to mention most number of
             | millionaires and billionaires. Obviously the solution is to
             | impose tariffs based on some made up numbers. Wonderful
             | idea!
        
             | squigz wrote:
             | > Now they're collecting disability in their unsafe
             | neighborhoods, getting morbidly obese while their substance
             | abusing kids play vidya games in the basement into their
             | 30s.
             | 
             | > People want their factories and incomes back
             | 
             | Sounds like what they really want is safety and hope for
             | their futures. I'm not sure going back to the way things
             | were - good or bad - is the way for society to move forward
             | though.
        
             | CharlieDigital wrote:
             | > They benefitted from it so hard they voted for the exact
             | opposite with eyes wide open. Twice.
             | 
             | Have you considered the platform that the Republicans have
             | actually been running on? Was it one of economic policy?
             | Did you consider why they attacked DEI and minority groups
             | (including LGBTQ)? Because they would not have won on this
             | roughshod economic policy.
        
             | EVa5I7bHFq9mnYK wrote:
             | >>People want their factories back.
             | 
             | Did you ever work at a factory? I did. I would most
             | certainly prefer to collect a pension and play video games
             | (which I do now in retirement). Anyone would.
        
             | topspin wrote:
             | Doomsaying prognostications, odd questions, free will talk
             | for some reason, evidence free assertions about voters and
             | their interests, doubts and fears...
             | 
             | And precisely 0.0 alternatives offered.
             | 
             | I can't imagine anyone being surprised that we've ended up
             | with Trump et al. When all you offer is un-actionable
             | thoughts and cowardly status quo, no one will listen to
             | you. Meanwhile, the cohort of disenfranchised, disposable
             | people grows around you until they fear the status quo more
             | than they fear change.
             | 
             | Congratulations!
        
           | khazhoux wrote:
           | Now they're safely home, unemployed.
        
           | gigatexal wrote:
           | Yeah ... talk to someone who worked in the 50s and 60s in
           | Detroit.
        
             | intermerda wrote:
             | Or anyone who worked as a switchboard operator. Nobody did
             | anything to protect their jobs!
        
           | sawdusto wrote:
           | I've met a lot of people in St. Louis working various factory
           | jobs. Making different kinds of specialized equipment, food
           | products. I think they get paid $25+ an hour starting out. A
           | fair amount seem like tedious jobs.
           | 
           | There's around 12.8 million people in the US working in
           | manufacturing.
        
           | fnord77 wrote:
           | > No they haven't. They've benefitted from it.
           | 
           | some benefit. many have been in a state of perpetual
           | poverty/welfare, but we don't see those in the official stats
           | because the rich are so rich here it skews numbers
        
         | palmotea wrote:
         | > Americans have been hurt for 50 years ... yes manufacturing
         | going overseas was a huge change and many administrations
         | didn't do enough to help affected workers. Buuuuuut - placing
         | tariffs on our allies that will likely lead to a recession
         | makes no sense.
         | 
         | Yeah, some tariffs aren't a bad idea. But this plan? Just
         | stupid, without any thought or strategy behind it.
         | 
         | The tariffs should be used more strategically to reorganize
         | supply chains, not these blanket tariffs of low cost _and_ high
         | cost places. And probably ratchet them up slowly, to give time
         | for production to move, instead of a big bang of putting them
         | up everywhere.
         | 
         | So tariff China and Mexico, not Canada and Germany.
        
         | whereismyacc wrote:
         | America got richer and outgrew the phase where tons of factory
         | jobs made sense. It seems pretty clear to me that well-paying
         | manufacturing job in developed countries were the product of a
         | particular moment in time where poorer countries couldn't do it
         | yet. Now they can. It was never going to last.
        
           | CharlieDigital wrote:
           | I live in NJ and people often make a lot of noise every time
           | there's a report of people moving out of NJ because of high
           | taxes and high housing costs (yet NJ's overall population has
           | increased).
           | 
           | To me, it makes sense: NJ is a place where you live to make a
           | high salary (proximity to NYC and Philadelphia) and raise a
           | family (very good public school systems as a result of those
           | high taxes). When you no longer have a need for those
           | circumstances, you move.
           | 
           | Likewise, the US is not a great place for certain types of
           | manufacturing because the labor and raw material supply chain
           | simply isn't there. Why not focus on the things that we are
           | good at instead?
        
           | 93po wrote:
           | It was never going to last if the US allowed for very low
           | cost imports from those countries. This is literally one of
           | the largest points of tariffs - protecting domestic
           | manufacturing. We could have had high tariffs the whole time
           | and offshoring would have been much less pronounced. I'm not
           | saying that would have been a net positive, but to say it
           | would never last is only true under certain circumstances.
        
             | whereismyacc wrote:
             | You were still going to lose export markets as
             | international competition grew, and you were still going to
             | shift to higher value-added service jobs as the economy
             | developed.
        
         | BLKNSLVR wrote:
         | > Americans have been hurt for 50 years
         | 
         | Can you please explain a bit more about this 'hurt'?
         | 
         | My understanding is that a significant majority of sources of
         | US 'hurt' are internal and there has been ample opportunity to
         | vote at least some of it away, but the votes keep going in the
         | direction of making it worse.
         | 
         | The worst thing about it is that the situation has essentially
         | been perpetrated on the citizens of the US by those with power
         | and influence for the simple human weakness of greed.
         | Unfortunately they've got the power and resources to
         | effectively do large scale "convincing".
        
       | TrackerFF wrote:
       | From what I understand, de minimis exemption has also been
       | removed.
       | 
       | That is a huge, huge deal. It effectively means that all goods
       | imported from China will be slapped with a 30% import tax, as
       | soon as said goods arrive the US border / customs.
       | 
       | Usually what happens then, is that the courier will pay that tax,
       | and then bill the recipient later on - as well as charge some
       | fee/fees for the work done.
       | 
       | This is why in some European countries, that $1 item from China
       | with free shipping can end up costing $10, because you're paying
       | $0.25 in VAT or import taxes, and $10 to the shipping courier for
       | doing the paperwork.
       | 
       | If that is the case in the US, I fully expect total chaos and
       | mayhem when all the Temu / AliExpress/ Wish customers start
       | receiving extra bills for their orders.
       | 
       | (That's just from the most obvious consumer example...then you
       | have pretty much everything else. Goods, commodities, etc.)
       | 
       | EDIT: I found more info here https://www.whitehouse.gov/fact-
       | sheets/2025/04/fact-sheet-pr...
       | 
       | So it is even worse, you either pay $25 per shipment, or 30% -
       | whichever is higher. Then later it moves up to $50 per shipment,
       | or 30% - whichever is higher.
       | 
       | a $1 item with $1 shipping will end up costing you as much as $52
       | after June!
        
         | apparent wrote:
         | So is AMZN stock up?
        
           | tempestn wrote:
           | Most of the stuff on amazon comes from China, so I doubt it.
        
           | danols wrote:
           | Do you expect their annual turnover to go up? They might get
           | a bigger slize of the pie but the pie itself is getting
           | smaller. Pre trade AMZN was down 7%
        
           | sdenton4 wrote:
           | Well, given that 90% of stuff on Amazon is relabeled crud
           | from Ali Express...
        
             | apparent wrote:
             | Yeah, but it sounds like the tariff is a higher percent for
             | single item shipments. That means that aliexpress would
             | sell less to individuals and more to Amazon resellers.
        
           | hmmm-i-wonder wrote:
           | Down 6% in premarket, will have to wait and see but likely
           | wont help them much as tariffs will impact a significant
           | amount of their products regardless.
        
           | MajimasEyepatch wrote:
           | In addition to what everyone else has said, if Europe goes
           | through with the new "Big Tech tax" and/or tariffs on digital
           | services, AWS would presumably take a big hit.
        
         | themagician wrote:
         | Courier will only pay the tax if it's a DDP solution, and then
         | bill it back to the actual merchant. FedEx, DHL, and UPS
         | provide this as an option. If it goes USPS, or no DDP solution
         | is in place, it's going DDU and it will simply be stuck in a
         | sufferance warehouse or at the local post office until the
         | recipient comes in and pays the bill.
        
         | jquery wrote:
         | Well, the good news is almost nobody is gonna like this, so I
         | don't anticipate it lasting beyond Trump's presidency, assuming
         | he makes it 4 years at this rate. The bad news is that even
         | after tariffs are removed, it will take years for prices to
         | recover, if they ever do.
        
           | suzzer99 wrote:
           | They're going to try to make sure we never have fair
           | elections again. I'm not saying they're going to succeed, but
           | they're sure as hell going to try, which is terrifying.
        
           | oceanplexian wrote:
           | Actually one policy that Biden kept in place after the 2020
           | elections was the Trump Tariffs.
           | 
           | I think we are underestimating how popular protectionism is
           | with progressives, it may turn out to be an unusual alliance
           | between disaffected voters on the far right and left
           | outnumbering free trade advocates in the center of both
           | parties.
        
         | flowerthoughts wrote:
         | In Europe, Alibaba has their own warehouse in the Netherlands.
         | I wonder if that's to be able to do a single "international"
         | import. Could the same happen in the US?
        
           | trinix912 wrote:
           | Aliexpress does that as well, with a warehouse in Hungary.
           | They ship the products there, import them en masse as a
           | business, then relabel and send them off to the recipients.
        
             | omnimus wrote:
             | Alibaba is Aliexpress. They have multiple warehouses around
             | europe.
        
           | Cthulhu_ wrote:
           | They may be compelled to do that; there's 1.3 million
           | packages from Chinese retailers a day coming in through the
           | Netherlands, but since they're all individual packages, they
           | fall under a threshold for import taxes. There's now calls to
           | drop that threshold so that people pay import taxes for small
           | items as well, and / or to compel Temu and co to stop
           | shipping individual packages but do it in bulk.
        
             | Symbiote wrote:
             | The exemption for low value imports was removed a few years
             | ago, see other comments near this one in the discussion.
             | 
             | Purchases from Temu pay EU VAT according to the location of
             | the purchaser, and an electronic system means the money
             | sent to Temu gets to the EU and the package can sail
             | through customs.
        
         | nottorp wrote:
         | > This is why in some European countries, that $1 item from
         | China with free shipping can end up costing $10, because you're
         | paying $0.25 in VAT or import taxes, and $10 to the shipping
         | courier for doing the paperwork.
         | 
         | Not the big China exporters, not any more. They all include
         | taxes in the price on your country specific web site, ship to
         | their warehouses inside the EU, handle taxes and your local
         | courier just delivers.
         | 
         | Now if you're talking DHL yes, they have you fill forms upon
         | forms and charge you for the forms you didn't ask for. But if
         | that happens, no one will have time to process all the forms so
         | private imports from China will simply ... halt for a while.
         | Until Temu/AliExpress/etc sort out for the US the same system
         | they use in the EU.
         | 
         | If in the US, I'd hold on any direct purchases from China for
         | 3-6 months.
         | 
         | > So it is even worse, you either pay $25 per shipment, or 30%
         | - whichever is higher. Then later it moves up to $50 per
         | shipment, or 30% - whichever is higher.
         | 
         | Hah. That's DHL commission territory :) Definitely hold from
         | direct purchases until Temu sorts it out for you.
        
           | seszett wrote:
           | > _Until Temu /AliExpress/etc sort out for the US the same
           | system they use in the EU._
           | 
           | The thing is, the EU specifically set up a structure to make
           | this easier for sellers and transparent for customers (the
           | "import one-stop shop") and I don't see the US government
           | doing any effort to make importations more seamless.
        
             | nottorp wrote:
             | Didn't know that. I'm just a stupid EU sheep.
             | 
             | Incidentally, even Amazon US uses that facility. They
             | charge me my local VAT plus some change ("exchange rate
             | whatever" commission, something under 1%) and the package
             | arrives in my hands via courier without any further
             | interaction.
             | 
             | Even Mouser has set up a warehouse inside the EU in the
             | past years. They went from a pain to order from to a
             | pleasure.
             | 
             | Just to emphasise, this system has been set up for ages
             | because you did need to pay VAT on imports anyway. Even
             | without any special tariffs. And that means a visit to the
             | post office in person.
        
             | bgnn wrote:
             | Yeah EU doesn't have a special tariff per se, but they
             | wanted a responsible legal entity in EU to deal with taxes
             | and customer rights so they created this structure.
             | 
             | US just doesn't want anything imported. Doesn't help to set
             | up US entity. You will have to pay this amount. Though, it
             | helps with $1 orders if they import them and process them
             | in bulk.
        
             | magicalhippo wrote:
             | For reference: https://vat-one-stop-shop.ec.europa.eu/one-
             | stop-shop_en
        
             | LadyCailin wrote:
             | Well, the point of the action in the US is to _stop_
             | imports, not just tax them, so manufacturing moves into the
             | US. The minimum fee per item is clearly punitive.
             | 
             | Not that that matters, most manufacturing will simply never
             | be in the US ever again, and having punitive taxes like
             | this will simply drive up costs massively.
        
           | orloffm wrote:
           | If I buy something from amazon.co.jp or Apple and it arrives
           | from Japan or China with DHL/UPS, I don't do anything at all
           | in Poland. It's all transparent, I just get the package for
           | the price on the website.
        
             | nottorp wrote:
             | From which Apple store? If it's your local store of course
             | they have VAT built in.
             | 
             | Interesting about amazon japan, never tried it. Have you
             | tried amazon us?
             | 
             | Edit: interesting, amazon.co.jp seems to be its own thing.
             | My login works on amazon US and all european country sites,
             | but it doesn't work on the JP site.
        
               | terinjokes wrote:
               | Amazon is pretty good at handling VAT and all the import
               | paperwork if it's sold as "Fulfilled by Amazon",
               | regardless if it's the local Amazon site, or the US or
               | Japan sites. I've ordered from all 3.
               | 
               | Even eBay has sorted this out now for orders from the US,
               | with VAT and import fees baked into shipping costs. They
               | give sellers the address for their warehouse in Chicago.
               | eBay then forwards as the seller of record.
        
               | nottorp wrote:
               | > Even eBay has sorted this out now for orders from the
               | US
               | 
               | Shit. Telling me that can be expensive. I might check
               | ebay US now for some retrocomputing fun...
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | Fulfilment doesn't have to go through eBay for this.
               | 
               | If I sell a package on eBay.de to a buyer in the UK, I
               | get a customs tracking number to show eBay has collected
               | the required UK VAT. That goes in the form when buying
               | the delivery label and completing the customs (export)
               | declaration.
               | 
               | The EU prepared for years setting this up. It meant all
               | the national post offices updating their systems, and
               | integrating the private parcel delivery companies. It was
               | planned before Covid, then delayed because of the concern
               | for possible disruption.
               | 
               | The USA seems not to have done this planning, and
               | certainly hasn't allowed the months it will take to
               | prepare for it. At least they may have some of the other
               | half of the system, having set that up for exports to the
               | EU/UK.
        
         | deadbabe wrote:
         | Many of extra bills are absolutely not going to get paid.
        
         | danso wrote:
         | FWIW eliminating the de minimis exemption had already been
         | proposed by President Biden late last year:
         | 
         | https://bidenwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefing-room/statement...
        
         | pembrook wrote:
         | De minimis exemption expiring has been a planned thing for
         | years through administrations of both parties. Trump admin has
         | been delaying the already planned expiration during the Biden
         | years to use as a negotiating carrot.
         | 
         | Basically it just means Temu/Aliexpress/Etc. will ship their
         | goods to the US in bulk instead of bypassing customs on
         | individual small orders, and distribute from domestic
         | warehouses, having to now compete with US producers who do the
         | same thing.
         | 
         | It does completely kill any business built on dropshipping
         | individual orders from chinese factories without ever touching
         | inventory however.
        
           | silisili wrote:
           | I'm inclined to believe they're already doing something like
           | this. I don't shop them but my wife uses Shein and Temu
           | pretty often, and commented last year that more and more
           | stuff was shipping from the US rather than overseas now.
        
         | basisword wrote:
         | >> If that is the case in the US, I fully expect total chaos
         | and mayhem when all the Temu / AliExpress/ Wish customers start
         | receiving extra bills for their orders.
         | 
         | All three of those stores are very popular in my part of
         | Europe. So there must be some workaround.
        
         | basisword wrote:
         | >> If that is the case in the US, I fully expect total chaos
         | and mayhem when all the Temu / AliExpress/ Wish customers start
         | receiving extra bills for their orders.
         | 
         | All three of those stores are very popular in my part of
         | Europe. So there must be some workaround. Based on your edit I
         | would guess that they would import a bunch of orders in one
         | shipment to make the 'per shipment' charge small per
         | item/order.
        
         | parsimo2010 wrote:
         | I suspect that this $25/50 per _item_ policy is to prevent
         | people from claiming a lower value than the actual price of the
         | item. I 've received international packages marked "gift" with
         | a value of $10 that I had paid much more for.
         | 
         | I doubt the US will even manufacture substitutes for most of
         | the things I liked and ordered from AliExpress. People with
         | hobbies primarily supplied by Chinese manufacturing (like mine-
         | electronics, 3D printing, FPV drones) are just going to be
         | paying more for the same thing. There's no way we'll get an
         | American substitute for niche products- all the US chip fabs
         | are going to be filled with orders for higher dollar parts.
         | 
         | Note that the fact sheet says per item, not per shipment. So
         | there doesn't even seem to be a way to make one big purchase of
         | several items to pay a single fee. They will hit you for every
         | item in the shipment.
         | 
         | Quick edit: I also note that the fact sheet makes a distinction
         | between things sent through international post vs. other means.
         | If you send via UPS/FedEx/DHL there will be regular customs
         | fees (34%?), and through post you will have the $25/50 per item
         | fee. So I will definitely have to pay attention to the shipping
         | method for anything bought from AliExpress from now on.
         | 
         | Quick edit 2: I literally have a PicoCalc from ClockworkPi
         | coming in the mail in a few days- I guess we'll see if DHL
         | charges me any extra fees.
        
           | ajmurmann wrote:
           | I wonder how item will be defined. If I order a pack of 100
           | tiny magnets from AliExpress, is that $30 or $3000?
        
             | tommica wrote:
             | Also people buying stationary stuff from China, how will
             | their pricing be?
        
               | tim333 wrote:
               | I'm not sure how it'll work in the US but in the UK when
               | I'm buying cheap Chinese stuff on eBay there are usually
               | two options - have it posted from China which is cheapest
               | but slow, or order it from a UK distributor who has bulk
               | imported from China which costs a bit more but arrives in
               | a couple of days. I guess everything will move to the
               | latter system?
        
             | ajmurmann wrote:
             | To add some color: when I've placed orders like this in the
             | past the small items didn't come packed like consumer goods
             | in a nice box but in something like a zip lock bag or an
             | envelope.
        
         | commandlinefan wrote:
         | > This is why in some European countries, that $1 item from
         | China with free shipping can end up costing $10
         | 
         | This is what strikes me about these new tariffs... for all the
         | concern about how it's going to impact the US economy (and I
         | don't doubt it will), this is STILL far, far, less
         | protectionism than literally every other country in the entire
         | world. Donald Trump's justification for all this is that the
         | U.S. is propping up the entire world economy to it's own
         | detriment, and I'm not sure he's necessarily wrong here.
        
           | llm_nerd wrote:
           | Based upon someone's imaginary example?
           | 
           | "less protectionism than literally every other country in the
           | entire world"
           | 
           | I ordered from Temu and it's shipped from China and arrives
           | at my door with my local sales tax applied -- because Temu
           | abides by Canadian law -- but otherwise with no additional
           | fees. Got a pair of headphones and a three timer device
           | yesterday for $10 CAD.
           | 
           | Or you know, Trump's constant yapping about Canada's diary
           | tariff. In reality the US ships 4x more dairy to Canada
           | tariff free than the reverse, and we, by design, do not
           | target sending dairy to the US. But Trump takes advantage of
           | the poorly informed and/or stupid, and it works amazingly.
           | 
           | >U.S. is propping up the entire world economy to it's own
           | detriment
           | 
           | If you're sitting in the richest large country in the world,
           | literally at the height of its economic accomplishment, and
           | you _really_ buy it when someone tells you that you 're the
           | victim, you might be profoundly misinformed and with
           | literally zero context of reality.
           | 
           | The US has an amazing amount to fall, and it's going to
           | happen. And when you're working on the assembly line doing
           | extremely low value work, having been ostracized by the
           | entire planet, enjoy how you made the libs pay.
        
         | gizzlon wrote:
         | Sounds like a good idea, but how are they actually going to
         | implement and enforce that?
         | 
         | Do they open every package? What stops Temu or whatever from
         | just keep sending them? I mean drugs get through so ..
        
           | LadyCailin wrote:
           | Yeah, the stopping drugs thing is just performative
           | propaganda. It's really about the money, and the attempt to
           | punish China (which will in fact mostly hurt Americans as
           | much or more, anyways). If it were about the drugs only,
           | there wouldn't be such punitive measures, and the press
           | release wouldn't mention the fact that China doesn't have a
           | de minimus exception.
        
         | fnordpiglet wrote:
         | Great. AliExpress was the RadioShack of 2025. No way I'm
         | spending $25+ for a strip of SMD resistors, and I expect to
         | never see them available in the US at a price that makes sense
         | as a hobbyist. This isn't helping anyone, will prevent a lot of
         | prototyping, and just be a bad experience in life. Thanks for
         | ruining the fun of the last 5-10 years of DIY electronics
         | golden age.
         | 
         | I had plans to build some animatronic Halloween decorations for
         | this year over the summer. I'm not going to spend hundreds to
         | thousands of dollars on parts that nominally cost less than
         | $50.
         | 
         | My own pain is minor though compared to everyone I know who
         | uses Temu and other things to basically outfit their life. This
         | will be insanely regressive as they have the least to spend on
         | "on brand" products, which themselves are imported too. This is
         | like "super sales tax for the poor." Me, I'll just save my
         | money and wait for the next president to undo the mess. My
         | buddies not as successful monetarily as me? Their quality is
         | life is going down the drain.
        
           | ToDougie wrote:
           | People will just ship large quantities and then warehouse
           | them in the US.
           | 
           | Sounds like you have some cool projects planned.... do you
           | have any pics/links you can share?
        
       | merek wrote:
       | This article has more information, such as
       | 
       | > The 10% rate would be collected starting Saturday and the
       | higher rates would be collected beginning April 9.
       | 
       | https://apnews.com/article/trump-tariffs-liberation-day-2a03...
        
       | inverted_flag wrote:
       | Here's the brilliant formula they used to determine those tariffs
       | by the way:
       | 
       | https://xcancel.com/orthonormalist/status/190754526581875103...
       | 
       | https://xcancel.com/corsaren/status/1907554824180105343
       | 
       | It's trade deficit divided by total exports divided by 2
        
         | lysace wrote:
         | This feels fairly close to Idiocracy (2006).
        
       | olejorgenb wrote:
       | Can someone explain if there's any logic at all to counting a
       | countrys VAT as part of its tariffs? In my home country VAT is
       | ultimately charged the end-customer and this happens regardless
       | of the origin of the goods. How can this be a seen as a tariff?
       | 
       | Besides, isn't the "Use tax" most(?) American states have more or
       | less equivalent in function?
        
         | lysace wrote:
         | There is no logic to it. It's just the US going insane and
         | Americans nodding along.
         | 
         | https://taxpolicy.org.uk/2025/04/02/no-vat-isnt-a-tariff-but...
         | 
         | https://iccwbo.org/news-publications/news/are-value-added-ta...
         | 
         | https://www.cnbc.com/2025/03/31/as-trump-reciprocal-tariffs-...
         | 
         | etc, etc.
         | 
         | The only reasonable reply as a consumer and/or cloud-service
         | purchaser: Economic wide-scale boycott of the US.
        
         | simne wrote:
         | US formally don't have VAT, when most other developed countries
         | have.
         | 
         | As I know, US states few decades spent on talks about implement
         | VAT, but have not achieved agreement yet.
         | 
         | For equivalent, most US states have trade tax, could be
         | returned with set of rules. So, on some abstract level it could
         | be considered as far equivalent of VAT, which is also could be
         | returned with set of rules.
        
           | czzr wrote:
           | VAT has nothing to do with this.
        
             | simne wrote:
             | What you know about number of companies need to make modern
             | automobile? What about CPU/GPU?
             | 
             | To be more concrete - estimate number of companies, which
             | stay between mineral deposit and discrete GPU board which
             | you could fit into your computer?
        
         | kergonath wrote:
         | > Can someone explain if there's any logic at all to counting a
         | countrys VAT as part of its tariffs?
         | 
         | There is no logic. VAT isn't tariffs and is not discriminatory.
         | In the same way as trade imbalance is not theft. It's just
         | Trump trying to find reasons to complain and present the US as
         | a victim.
        
           | seanmcdirmid wrote:
           | The only logic is that since the USA doesn't have a VAT
           | system, there is no way to do export VAT rebates.
           | 
           | > Export VAT rebates mean to refund the VAT paid in various
           | domestic production stages to exporters. The purpose is to
           | ensure that the prices of exported products are free of taxes
           | in order to maintain a level playing field for international
           | markets.
           | 
           | So that can't exist at all for American exporters, since the
           | USA doesn't use VAT, their goods are taxed at a higher rate
           | (as far as the exporters are concerned). It's confusing, but
           | Trump could have just asked for negotiations to get rid of
           | this distortion.
        
             | rpep wrote:
             | Other thing is that when you're VAT registered, as a buyer
             | of parts you reclaim VAT on things you purchase as inputs.
             | So the tax on the final product is what matters.
             | 
             | With US sales taxes you accrue tax all the way up the
             | chain.
        
               | Duwensatzaj wrote:
               | What?
               | 
               | Sales tax exemption is a thing when buying items for sale
               | or materials for items for sale.
        
               | physicsguy wrote:
               | In many states in the US, if you go and buy materials, as
               | a business, you pay a sales tax. There are exemptions and
               | partial rebates, but there's nothing across all
               | industries, and it varies by state. So if you were a
               | farmer you might find you were exempt on fertilizer and
               | tractors but not on a pickup truck.
               | 
               | That's different to a VAT, because there, as long as
               | you're a registered business for VAT purposes, _all_
               | purchases you make are exempt from VAT - either you don
               | 't pay it when you purchase and are invoiced by a
               | business, or you can claim it back if you keep receipts.
               | Companies have to register for VAT when revenue hits a
               | certain amount; here in the UK it's PS85k for e.g.
        
               | AnAfrican wrote:
               | >either you don't pay it when you purchase and are
               | invoiced by a business
               | 
               | As a business you pay VAT when you purchase. And you
               | collect VAT when you sell. Then you pay to the government
               | the difference between collected VAT and paid VAT. That's
               | what the "Value Added" part means.
        
               | physicsguy wrote:
               | No, if you provide a VAT number, in business to business
               | transactions, companies will not normally charge VAT in
               | the first place, so you don't pay it when you purchase in
               | many cases as a business.
               | 
               | However if you go into something aimed at consumers, and
               | make a purchase, they're normally not set up for this,
               | which is why you're able to reclaim when you have paid
               | it.
        
               | AnAfrican wrote:
               | This may be an arrangement set up in some jurisdictions
               | and probably widely used nowadays.
               | 
               | The default (as in << the original setup >>) is what i've
               | described.
        
               | AnAfrican wrote:
               | > So if you were a farmer you might find you were exempt
               | on fertilizer and tractors but not on a pickup truck.
               | 
               | There are items that generate a non-deductible input tax
               | in VAT countries (often entertainment items or cars). But
               | usually, those will be the exception and deductible would
               | be the default.
        
             | olejorgenb wrote:
             | I'm not sure I follow. When I read the rules for Norway [1]
             | it appear the importer (in Norway) pay the VAT on the
             | imported goods (as opposed to the the seller for domestic a
             | domestic business). But it's nothing that indicates that
             | this amount payed does not enter the ordinary VAT
             | accounting. Ie.: the amount payed will in effect simply be
             | forwarded to the end-customer, just like domestic goods. I
             | don't understand how a "VAT rebate" would come in play
             | here?
             | 
             | > Export tax rebates involve the return of indirect taxes
             | that have been levied on inputs used to manufacture goods
             | that are eventually exported out of the country. These
             | taxes can include VAT, ...
             | 
             | So this seems to be about imported goods being more
             | expensive in US, not the other way around? Ie. if a US
             | company import some product from Norway they have to pay
             | VAT to Norway? And if they subsequently sell a derived
             | product back to Norway they do not get refunded this VAT?
             | 
             | [1] https://www.toll.no/no/bedrift/import/importguide#merve
             | rdiav...
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | So let's say you make something in Europe, you pay VAT on
               | the inputs, when it is sold to someone, they pay VAT, you
               | take the VAT that the consumer paid and deduct the VAT
               | you already paid to make the thing, sending the rest to
               | the government, who only gets 20% on the thing, it
               | doesn't get 20$ + 10% + 5% + .
               | 
               | You have to keep receipts of the VAT you paid to make the
               | thing to do this, Europe doesn't like sloppy paper work,
               | and rightfully so. Except...America doesn't have VAT, so
               | there are no VAT rebates, they pay taxes on inputs and
               | the consumer pays 20% on the finished item. But you are
               | also right: if Norway exports a thing to the USA, they
               | aren't getting a VAT rebate either from the sales tax
               | paid on the thing in the states (or does Norway get a VAT
               | rebate on things exported to non-VAT countries? I'm not
               | sure).
               | 
               | But really, VAT is a better way, you avoid double
               | taxation. The US should really just adopt it and make
               | their VAT system compatible with Europe.
        
               | olejorgenb wrote:
               | So that make short of sense, except according to this
               | 
               | "Selling goods to customers outside the EU
               | 
               | If you sell goods to customers outside the EU, you do not
               | charge VAT. However, you may still deduct the VAT that
               | you paid on related expenses, such as for goods or
               | services purchased specifically to make those sales."
               | 
               | So the inputs are not more expensive to American
               | importer. Yes the European company is compensated for the
               | VAT they paid on an input, but this is a tax to begin
               | with. Which the US companies not pay. So this is not
               | unfair to the US company..
               | 
               | Or is there something I'm not getting?
        
             | omnimus wrote:
             | I dont get it. VAT is end customer tax applied exactly
             | once. The rebates exist so importers, suppliers, resellers,
             | shops dont pay VAT multiple times. This applies to every
             | product local or imported.
             | 
             | With special case of digital goods this for a looong time
             | meant that software sold from outside EU over internet was
             | around 20% (VAT) cheaper because VAT was ignored by the
             | companies. That's quite a big advantage especially for US.
             | And a reason why EU wanted VAT to be applied equally. Many
             | companies still ignore it but it's illegal now.
        
             | AnAfrican wrote:
             | I don't see how it's even possible to negotiate .
             | 
             | VAT countries apply VAT on all domestic transactions (and
             | that includes imports). VAT countries do not apply VAT on
             | exports because they _rightly_ assume that the importing
             | country will apply VAT or whatever sale tax equivalent is
             | in place in their territory.
             | 
             | This is not a distortion. There's really no other way to
             | make it work.
        
         | bakuninsbart wrote:
         | A tariff is a tax specifically on foreign goods. It is an
         | artificial barrier to trade used to make domestic products more
         | competitive. VAT is a tax applied to all products equally, so
         | it isn't a trade barrier. You might be able to construe a
         | convoluted argument that it is easier for domestic companies to
         | work through domestic regulation, but that's pretty weak.
         | 
         | The US seems to have simply taken the value of the trade
         | deficit with a country, divided it by total imports from that
         | country, and used that as the tariff percentage. So in their
         | logic, wherever there is a trade imbalance, this must be
         | explained by barriers to trade. So in a sense this is also a
         | repudiation of the core hypothesis of global free trade as an
         | ideology: That, if countries trade freely with one another,
         | they can specialise on certain production and a virtuous cycle
         | makes everyone richer. In Trump's ideology, trade is a zero sum
         | game, and having a trade deficit means that you are losing.
        
         | arlort wrote:
         | Others pointed out that the tariff rate they are pointing to is
         | actually just calculated based on trade imbalance. So the logic
         | is that they have a number they want to get to and are throwing
         | around terms that their constituents don't understand to make
         | it sound reasonable
         | 
         | VAT is not a tariff, no one reasonable thinks it's a tariff but
         | the US doesn't use the term VAT so enough people won't second
         | guess it if trump says it's an tax on american goods
        
           | csmpltn wrote:
           | VAT is effectively a tariff though, because it
           | disincentivizes import/trade with the US (and other foreign
           | countries). Since the US has no VAT, it's leading to unfair
           | competition.
        
             | sam_lowry_ wrote:
             | US has sales taxes.
             | 
             | If anything, VAT incentivizes sustainable economy by making
             | production more expensive than reuse.
        
             | arlort wrote:
             | VAT applies equally to domestic and foreign companies. It's
             | a tax.
             | 
             | Tariffs and barriers to trade are measures meant to
             | incentivize production in the country imposing them. That's
             | what free trade is meant to get rid of, that's why Trump is
             | so keen on tariffs and likes them
             | 
             | If a company moved a production line to within the EU from
             | outside because of VAT they'd still have to pay the same
             | exact amount of VAT as they did before. It's just not an
             | incentive in that sense
        
             | olejorgenb wrote:
             | Repeating this does not lead to understanding. Give a
             | concrete example of how the rules applies which show your
             | point...
        
             | davejohnclark wrote:
             | Good write up here https://www.economicforces.xyz/p/stop-
             | saying-a-value-added-t... about how VAT doesn't alter the
             | levelness of the playing field re imports and exports
        
               | csmpltn wrote:
               | VAT complicates the business environment for US companies
               | operating in the EU, and it takes a major chunk of their
               | margins. US doesn't have VAT and has a significantly
               | easier business environment for EU businesses to operate
               | in - leading to an unbalanced playing field.
               | 
               | VAT is just one component though. Remember that US
               | largely subsidizes and sponsors the defense of EU,
               | Ukraine, Taiwan, Japan, etc - but those countries have
               | been giving less and less back, over the past years.
        
               | jbeam wrote:
               | 1) EU businesses have to deal with complicated sales tax
               | arrangements that vary by state and municipality.
               | 
               | 2) EU businesses have to operate in their own environment
               | and also face the VAT. There is no protectionism here.
               | The playing field with respect to VAT is balanced,
               | regardless of which side of the pond is (...was) an
               | easier business environment to operate in.
        
               | anigbrowl wrote:
               | VAT complicates the business environment for EU companies
               | operating in the EU too. You're demanding that American
               | companies in the EU should be able to operate the same
               | way they do in the US instead of complying with local
               | laws, ie you're just demanding the right to bring your
               | legal environment with you. Do you believe that foreign
               | companies who open branches in the US should be exempt
               | from US laws and be able to run themselves according to
               | the law in their country of origin, at their US branches?
               | I doubt it.
        
               | klelatti wrote:
               | > it takes a major chunk of their margins
               | 
               | Completely false. Cost of VAT is passed on to consumers
               | not met by companies and as EU companies pay VAT too it
               | doesn't force US companies to lower prices and so harm
               | their margins.
        
             | grodriguez100 wrote:
             | No, VAT is not a tariff. It applies to all goods sold, not
             | only imported ones.
        
             | anigbrowl wrote:
             | Bullshit. VAT is levied on domestic and imported goods,
             | from the consumer's point of view there is absolutely no
             | difference.
        
         | rich_sasha wrote:
         | Well, they are saying, EU market is harder to operate in
         | (because everyone pays VAT) than the US market (no VAT, also
         | lower regulatory barriers it seems), and also EU firms have a
         | "home advantage" benefit, for example the regulation is written
         | for their benefit.
         | 
         | So US is easy to sell in for everyone, EU is "hard" to sell in
         | for everyone, but maybe less so for EU car makers. So there is
         | something to this argument, it's not entirely without merit.
         | 
         | Additionally, US car tariff used to be 2.5%, whereas EUs is
         | 10%. The imbalance is short in justification, though across the
         | board, EU and US charge each other similar tariff amounts
         | altogether, so there are other areas where the US charges more.
         | 
         | Whether that justifies broad brush enormous tariffs in
         | everything, and whether US does the same in other industries
         | (defence for example) is an exercise I leave for the trader.
        
           | klelatti wrote:
           | > So US is easy to sell in for everyone, EU is "hard" to sell
           | in for everyone, but maybe less so for EU car makers. So
           | there is something to this argument, it's not entirely
           | without merit.
           | 
           | It's completely without merit. Do you really think US
           | regulation isn't written for the benefit of US companies? It
           | is!
        
             | rich_sasha wrote:
             | From my post:
             | 
             | > [...] US does the same in other industries
             | 
             | As it happens, automotive regulation in Europe is far
             | stricter than the US ones (emissions and pedestrian safety
             | come to mind).
        
               | klelatti wrote:
               | Not the point I was making.
               | 
               | In any event US cars don't sell in Europe for a range of
               | reasons including size and fuel consumption. Those
               | stricter rules apply to everyone and I don't think it's
               | beyond US manufacturers to meet those rules for cars sold
               | in European markets.
               | 
               | If you're saying that Europe should loosen its safety
               | rules just so the US can export more cars then the answer
               | will certainly be no.
        
               | mfost wrote:
               | We'll also need to raze our cities to make bigger roads
               | for their cars. Unlikely to say the least.
               | 
               | Or the US companies could do a minimum amount of effort
               | to tailor their product line for the target market.
        
           | olejorgenb wrote:
           | > EU market is harder to operate in (because everyone pays
           | VAT)
           | 
           | Surely it's not exactly rocket-science to handle VAT...
           | 
           | Explain how it's an disadvantage for an US exporter compared
           | to a domestic company... Give an example instead of
           | handwaving. I'm willing to admit I don't understand all the
           | details, but you wont convince me using this vague statement:
           | "harder to operate in (because everyone pays VAT)" ...
           | 
           | If the US adjusted selected tariffs to protect selected
           | industries the outcry wouldn't be the same, so I'm not very
           | interested in specific examples where the US have a lower
           | tariff than the "counterpart".
        
         | csmpltn wrote:
         | European VAT makes it difficult for American companies to
         | compete in Europe. US has no VAT, making it easier for European
         | companies to compete in America...
         | 
         | Combined with the fact that the US is the de-facto largest
         | benefactor of NATO, Ukraine, UN, etc... then the US is getting
         | shafted by the EU and Trump is correct in seeking ways to
         | mitigate that.
         | 
         | Applying this economical pressure on the EU is a valid
         | strategy, IMHO.
        
           | olejorgenb wrote:
           | Can you explain how it make it difficult?
           | 
           | Ie. Give an example of how the system is an disadvantage for
           | en American exporter or an advantage to an European exporter
        
           | czzr wrote:
           | No, you are simply incorrect, a VAT system does not make it
           | harder for US companies to compete. It's explained well here:
           | https://www.economicforces.xyz/p/stop-saying-a-value-
           | added-t...
           | 
           | For those who don't follow the link, here's an extract from
           | the article explaining the core situation:
           | 
           | Imagine a car that costs $30,000 to produce before tax. Now
           | compare four scenarios:
           | 
           | 1) BMW sells the car in Germany (domestic sale): Germany's
           | VAT (let's say 20% for simplicity) is added on the final
           | sale. The German consumer pays 20% VAT, i.e., an extra
           | $6,000, for a total price of $36,000. BMW forwards that
           | $6,000 to the German government as VAT.
           | 
           | 2) BMW exports the car to the U.S.: Since the car is
           | exported, BMW does not charge German VAT. Any VAT BMW paid on
           | parts or inputs is refunded by the German tax authority. The
           | U.S. buyer pays the $30,000 price, and since the U.S. has no
           | federal VAT, there's no equivalent federal tax on that sale.
           | (A state sales tax might apply at the point of sale, but
           | we'll come back to that.) The key point: the German
           | government collects no VAT on an item consumed in the U.S..
           | This makes complete sense because that car's being enjoyed by
           | an American buyer, not a German resident.
           | 
           | 3) GM sells the car in the U.S. (domestic sale): The U.S. has
           | no VAT, so the American consumer pays $30,000 (ignoring any
           | state sales tax). No federal consumption tax is collected.
           | (In states with a sales tax, the consumer might pay, say, 7%
           | extra to the state government, but again, the federal
           | treatment is no tax.)
           | 
           | 4) GM exports the car to Germany: When the car arrives in
           | Germany, it faces the same 20% VAT as any car sold in
           | Germany. So a German customer buying the American-made car
           | pays $30,000 + $6,000 VAT = $36,000. That $6,000 goes to the
           | German government. From GM's perspective, it doesn't owe U.S.
           | tax on that export sale (since the U.S. doesn't tax exports
           | of goods), but its product will bear German VAT when consumed
           | in Germany.
           | 
           | What outcome do we have here? In Germany, both the BMW and
           | the GM car cost the same $36,000 after tax, and the German
           | government collects VAT on both. In the U.S., both cars cost
           | $30,000 before any state sales taxes, and the U.S. government
           | collects no federal consumption tax on either. Each country
           | taxes consumption within its borders--no matter where the
           | product came from--and does not tax consumption outside its
           | borders. This is precisely the goal of destination-based
           | taxation: neutrality. Consumers in each country face the same
           | tax on a given product, whether it's domestically produced or
           | imported. And neither country's producers carry their home
           | consumption tax as a "ball and chain" when they go compete in
           | foreign markets.
        
             | hartator wrote:
             | You forget that the US company would be taxed more in its
             | profit to make up for the absence of an US VAT.
             | 
             | Whereas EU companies don't pay other US taxes.
        
               | ncruces wrote:
               | So you'll just tax imports, fund the entire federal govt
               | on just imports, and call it a fair trade policy?
               | 
               | Well, good on you. Just don't be surprised if that leads
               | to retaliatory, and targeted, tariffs.
        
           | nachomg wrote:
           | This doesn't make any sense.
           | 
           | European companies pay VAT in Europe. American companies pay
           | VAT in Europe. European companies do not pay VAT in US.
           | American companies do not pay VAT in US.
           | 
           | Where is the unfair competition?
        
             | csmpltn wrote:
             | I'm literally quoting you:
             | 
             | > "American companies pay VAT in Europe. European companies
             | do not pay VAT in US."
             | 
             | VAT is a significant income stream for the EU. They take
             | that money and re-invest it into their economy in an
             | uncompetitive manner, whilst constantly propping up more
             | anti-competitive regulation (which harms American
             | businesses).
        
               | ncruces wrote:
               | Have you looked at EU countries budgets? We "invest" in
               | social security and public health systems. Our defense
               | budgets go in large part to buy arms from the US, and
               | Musk complains if we decide to prop up Arianespace for
               | _some_ defense satellites while threatening to cutoff
               | Starlink for Ukraine paid by Poland. Have you looked at
               | how much money your DoD sends abroad (and how much of it
               | is pork)? You 're literally telling us to be _more_
               | protectionist, and then expect something different.
        
               | csmpltn wrote:
               | I don't really care what you invest the money into, the
               | point is that the VAT is a mechanism which messes with
               | the concept of a free global market and it leads to
               | unfair competition and an unleveled playing field. If you
               | combine it with other factors (such as the fact that the
               | US is the sole guarantor of Europe's defense) - the US is
               | in the right for challenging the European economy.
        
               | ncruces wrote:
               | We tax consumers, actual people, where they actually
               | live, on what they consume, to fund the public services
               | they benefit from.
               | 
               | Why would that be a market distortion!?
               | 
               | You're welcome to stop funding our defense. Just don't
               | expect us to continue to fund your arms industry when you
               | tell us to buy additional weapons.
        
               | jbeam wrote:
               | American companies pay VAT in Europe. European companies
               | pay VAT in Europe.
               | 
               | American companies do not pay VAT in in the US. European
               | companies do not pay VAT in the US.
               | 
               | American companies pay sales tax in the US. European
               | companies pay sales tax in the US.
        
               | csmpltn wrote:
               | US sales tax is *significantly* lower than VAT, varies by
               | state (allowing for all kinds of loopholes), and applies
               | to fewer categories of products and services sold. No
               | point arguing this, VAT is a protectionist and anti-
               | competitive tax and the US has a right to challenge it.
               | 
               | Why are you arguing this point? It's de-facto cheaper and
               | easier for European companies to compete in the American
               | markets, than the other way around.
        
               | jbeam wrote:
               | How is it protectionist if the European companies also
               | pay it?
               | 
               | You are arguing about rules that apply to _all companies
               | competing in Europe_ and then extrapolating that to say
               | that "American companies competing in Europe" are
               | mistreated.
        
               | csmpltn wrote:
               | Are you saying the VAT doesn't benefit Europe and
               | European economies (both directly and indirectly)?
        
               | jbeam wrote:
               | I'm saying the VAT is not protectionist.
        
               | csmpltn wrote:
               | We started this conversation with you seemingly not
               | understanding how VAT messes with free trade, and it
               | sounds to me like you're in a different place now. Feel
               | free to keep arguing over semantics all day long, I'll
               | leave it at that.
        
               | jbeam wrote:
               | My place hasn't changed at all. Everything I've said is
               | internally consistent. You are welcome to view any form
               | of taxation as an impediment to "free trade" but that's
               | not how competition works. Feel free to continue
               | believing that taxation is inherently protectionist, I'll
               | leave it at that.
        
               | csmpltn wrote:
               | There's "taxation", and then there is "taxation". VAT is
               | an incredibly aggressive and overreaching version of
               | "taxation", and it has severe implications on free trade
               | with Europe. I'm not sure why you won't acknowledge this.
               | 
               | And by the way - plenty of economists view taxation as
               | impediment to free trade.
        
               | jbeam wrote:
               | I'm not sure why you won't acknowledge that a tax that
               | affects domestic and foreign companies equally is not
               | protectionist. But here we are.
               | 
               | I'm not saying that taxes don't have an impact on the
               | economy, or the business environment, or growth, or
               | profits...of course they do! Maybe the tax will lower
               | demand which makes investment less appealing, and so less
               | investment from Americans happens as a result. But
               | there's also less investment from the Europeans in that
               | case! And most of all, it has nothing to do with the
               | competitiveness of American products in the European
               | market, because the European products face the same tax.
               | VAT does not distort the relative price between European
               | and foreign products.
               | 
               | If you want to say that tax revenue is used for subsidies
               | that are anticompetitive -- well money is fungible, you
               | can't blame that specifically on VAT revenue, and you
               | should be making an argument against subsidies, not the
               | VAT. But then you will need to address the many ways in
               | which the US subsidizes its own industries.
               | 
               | Have a good day!
        
               | olejorgenb wrote:
               | If I read you correctly you're saying that a tax imposed
               | on the consumers in a country benefits the country as a
               | whole and thus aslo the companies operating in that
               | country, which make it unfair to foreign companies? Is
               | that really what you're arguing?
        
               | olejorgenb wrote:
               | How is it easier for the European companies to compete
               | when the US companies have the same conditions?
               | 
               | Not everyone is an _expert_ in this field. If you are, I
               | 'm sure you can provide a more understandable
               | explanation.
               | 
               | It's not obvious to me that the different rates of sales
               | tax/vat matter for competitio either. An example is worth
               | thousand words here...
        
         | olejorgenb wrote:
         | For context - here is one of Trump's posts which mention VAT:
         | https://truthsocial.com/@realDonaldTrump/posts/1140091752662...
         | 
         | No details provided.
        
       | iteratethis wrote:
       | This won't bring home manufacturing but let's say that it will...
       | 
       | The US doesn't have the people to do the actual manufacturing. I
       | saw a video recently explaining how sectors like the military,
       | construction and the automotive industry each have 100K+
       | positions that they are unable to fill. A return to manufacturing
       | adds to that shortage.
       | 
       | Apparently there's some 7 million young men of working age that
       | are...missing in action. Self-isolated, gaming, addictions.
       | 
       | In construction, for every 5 people that retire, only 2 enter.
       | And it's been like that for over 10 years. The people aren't
       | there nor is the motivation.
       | 
       | I'm sure you'll have Apple investing in a mega plant where 50
       | educated people push some buttons though.
        
         | codedokode wrote:
         | > The US doesn't have the people to do the actual
         | manufacturing.
         | 
         | A usual lack of high qualified low paid workers?
        
           | s1artibartfast wrote:
           | If that's really the case, then these tariffs are the cure.
           | 
           | If outsourcing labor overseas is cost prohibitive, wages will
           | have to rise.
        
             | danny_codes wrote:
             | Or standard of living can fall. Which is quite likely
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | Perhaps, but equality would rise in labor starved economy
               | with low standard of living and high costs.
        
               | jquery wrote:
               | I don't see how that follows. It's not a step up to be
               | forced to work in a factory, compared to before when not
               | working was an option because costs were lower.
        
               | trinix912 wrote:
               | No it wouldn't, it would end up in even more inequality
               | as the middle and lower classes would be able to afford
               | even less while the rich would just see their assets rack
               | up in price. We had that problem in my small European
               | country.
        
               | Vegenoid wrote:
               | Why? Who is looking at the societies of countries where
               | manufacturing is happening and saying "we want that"?
               | 
               | Manufacturing used to be great for the US because other
               | places couldn't do it, either because they hadn't
               | developed enough or they'd been ravaged by war. It wasn't
               | "manufacturing physical goods" that was great for the US,
               | it was "having industry that others don't". Now, other
               | countries have manufacturing capability. America's
               | uniquely exceptional industry is now tech - mostly
               | software, but also hardware design, and design of tech
               | for other industries. That is what we should be focused
               | on - supporting the industries that set us apart from
               | other countries.
        
               | kristjansson wrote:
               | Nevermind the improbability that a decrease in living
               | standards would actually compress the distribution of
               | living standards - Are you seriously arguing that's
               | desirable? That it's better to reduce everyone's lots so
               | that we can be more equal?
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | If you asked me a couple years ago, I would absolutely
               | oppose it, but now I am seriously entertaining the idea
               | that it may be better to live in a poorer but more equal
               | society.
               | 
               | It seems that the majority cares far more about
               | comparative wealth than absolute wellbeing, and is
               | willing to destroy the system if they don't get what they
               | want.
        
             | lodovic wrote:
             | This essentially amounts to subsidizing industries that
             | aren't competitive. It's like choosing to bake bread at
             | home for $5 when you could buy it for just $2.
        
               | palmotea wrote:
               | > This essentially amounts to subsidizing industries that
               | aren't competitive.
               | 
               | That's not a bad thing, especially if they are "not
               | competitive" because foreign workers can be exploited
               | more (and not some real competitive advantage).
               | 
               | There are more desirable things than the few
               | neoliberalism optimizes for.
        
               | xyzzy123 wrote:
               | Or it could be interpreted as putting a higher value on
               | self-sufficiency and domestic production capacity than
               | standard free trade economic theories value those things
               | at ($0).
               | 
               | Standard comparative advantage narratives don't really
               | account for production "webs" being ecosystems that get
               | big synergies from colocation. They do not account for
               | geopolitical risks either.
        
               | lodovic wrote:
               | True, it keeps wealth circulating domestically, fostering
               | local economic activity. However, drawbacks of this
               | system are higher costs for consumers and inefficiencies
               | in production, so it needs to be balanced.
        
           | porridgeraisin wrote:
           | No, this is the effect for the last 50 years' usual "I will
           | have my high paid cushy job while some other country
           | somewhere manufactures products for me, taking on all the
           | negative effects. Only positive effects for me. Yes, you
           | should use our currency and take part in our inflation. Or
           | we'll invade you. We will print 6T USD[1] in 2 years and you
           | need to absorb that along with us."
           | 
           | Thankfully, this is coming to an end soon. No tears anywhere.
           | 
           | I know a version of this is what happens in every human age,
           | not singling anything out, but don't get onto the moral high
           | ground of "I am just trying to ensure everyone is well paid".
           | 
           | [1] additionally, 80% of all US dollars added to the supply
           | were added in the last 5 years.
        
             | yibg wrote:
             | This is the part that confuses me too. The US is in an
             | enviable position where a lot of the "shit" jobs are
             | outsourced and in return we get cheap stuff. Why is this a
             | bad thing?
        
               | Qworg wrote:
               | It isn't a bad thing - unless you don't have a job/have
               | been stuffed with the idea that meaning and good pay
               | could be yours if not for those foreigners.
        
               | porridgeraisin wrote:
               | My interpretation is that today other countries are less
               | willing to take on the role the US would like them to.
               | So, the chosen solution in the US now is to wind down
               | this approach, and try to bring back production to the
               | country. I don't know enough to comment on the
               | effectiveness of the method they are using to do this,
               | but that they are doing it is clear to me.
               | 
               | China is not going to play this role anymore as has been
               | made clear over the last 2 years. Them being the largest
               | country playing this role for the last decade has fueled
               | this recent revamp in the US.
               | 
               | Russia has not really played that role for a long long
               | time.
               | 
               | India(me being an Indian, I might be biased) is way way
               | too slow to be depended on to sustain the sheer scale of
               | US' requirements. Also, compared to china, it's actually
               | getting more and more difficult to get "shit jobs" done
               | here, which might be surprising. It is for all the wrong
               | reasons though, so not much to celebrate as an indian.
               | However, india has enough domestic potential to be self
               | sufficient, so nothing to worry about either.
               | 
               | A few years ago, I thought the next "dump yard country"
               | for the US would be africa. But their progress to the
               | required level is clearly multiple decades away, so
               | that's out of the window in the short- and medium- term.
               | Europe is already finding it difficult to get much out of
               | Africa, despite still basically controlling multiple
               | countries there. Thus, they are having to resort to
               | immigration from the middle east (some 10 years back, it
               | was all from africa)
               | 
               | Needless to say, "freewheelers" (for lack of a better
               | word) such as western europe and australia&oceania were
               | never under consideration, and will never accept this
               | role.
               | 
               | Eastern Europe/SEA are "up for grabs", but the former is
               | already saturated playing this role for western
               | europe/russia (and the two fight for control of the same)
               | and the latter is thoroughly saturated playing this role
               | for china. You saw this play out recently with the
               | attempt to get ukraine's rare earth industry serving the
               | US. Russia invaded them for similar reasons.
               | 
               | The upper middle east clearly will not play this role,
               | preferring to live in substandard conditions and submit
               | to terrorist organisations instead (and who can blame
               | them?) China seems to love supporting these lot too.
               | 
               | Saudi Arabia/UAE are options, and the new US government
               | has made good use of them (atleast on paper) with the new
               | investments. However, they can only do so much given
               | their size, geography and demographics.
               | 
               | I never thought they would allow it to happen, but even
               | LatAm is slowly being "lost" to china.
               | 
               | And suddenly, you've run out of countries! Maybe we'll
               | find some martians though, they can do the welding for
               | the starship.
               | 
               | Strangely, the US is also seemingly losing its ability to
               | maintain an edge through intellectual property. The whole
               | hype in non-technical circles when Deepseek came out was
               | a reaction to this. 20 years ago, it would have been
               | protected better. The IP from 20 years ago is protected
               | well... even today! See: semiconductor manufacturing.
               | Some people say this is because you're now needing to
               | import people too (and so, the knowledge leaks). Some
               | people probe further and say that this happened in the
               | first place because of worsening education in the US. I
               | am inclined to agree with this, since over
               | financialization/trade/empire-building and increasingly
               | poorer education was also what killed medieval india,
               | which I have more knowledge of. However, I might be
               | making more of the symmetry than there is.
        
               | nthingtohide wrote:
               | US is good at bits and bytes but not in actual atoms i.e.
               | manufacturing. That role has been outsourced to China.
               | Without real manufacturing in control of US, it is
               | beholden to what China says which is bad for American
               | empire and its power projection.
        
               | Gud wrote:
               | This is wrong. The US still has an excellent
               | manufacturing industry. Just because you don't make
               | sneakers over there anymore, doesn't mean you're not good
               | at manufacturing.
               | 
               | Frankly the US makes some amazing things.
        
               | nthingtohide wrote:
               | Supply chains still originate outside US.
        
               | runako wrote:
               | This is such an important point. Lumping all
               | "manufacturing" together obscures that some production is
               | low-cost goods like matches and socks. Other production
               | is 787s and F-150s.
               | 
               | What the administration is suggesting is that we resume
               | manufacturing low-cost goods. I'm not sure where they
               | would plan to get the labor for that.
        
               | jillyboel wrote:
               | Slaves. Also known as prisoners in the United States of
               | America.
        
           | blitzar wrote:
           | People in the US dont want to work 14 hour shifts for 50c a
           | day for some reason.
        
         | tootie wrote:
         | The best option would be to close the gap with immigration but
         | alas...
        
           | jquery wrote:
           | Or just free trade. Like we had...
        
           | AlexandrB wrote:
           | Why is that the best option instead of raising wages until
           | those jobs are attractive to domestic workers? There's this
           | weird back and forth where people bemoan stagnating wages for
           | the working class but at the same time cheer on importing
           | labor that is willing to work for those stagnant wages.
           | 
           | In any other market, the balance of supply and demand is
           | reflected in the price. But for the labor market the
           | perpetual solution put forward seems to be juicing the supply
           | side so that the price does not move up to a new equilibrium.
        
             | tootie wrote:
             | Both would have to happen. There's very little slack in the
             | labor market to absorb anything. Even if legal permanent
             | residents take up manufacturing jobs, they'd have to give
             | up whatever jobs they have now creating a shortage. And
             | given then even most undocumented people are working,
             | someone needs to fill those jobs.
        
             | Vegenoid wrote:
             | Who is pushing to raise the wages and power of labor? It
             | sure isn't the party that is pushing tariffs and the return
             | of factories.
        
         | forgotoldacc wrote:
         | This is precisely the problem.
         | 
         | Plus, even assuming there existed lots of people to fill the
         | gap, why would they sign up for manufacturing jobs? They pay
         | like crap. Unions and worker rights have been gradually chipped
         | away at for years and now they're straight up chainsawing them.
         | Why work a monotonous job that pays at or just slightly above
         | minimum wage, has skills that aren't really transferable should
         | you decide to change careers, is rough on the body and doesn't
         | even provide proper health care or sick days to rest, and
         | employers will call you in during natural disasters with the
         | threat of firing you otherwise and then leave you to literally
         | die while pretending it's not their fault when you do die? [1]
         | 
         | It's companies and the government saying, "We want everything,
         | and in exchange, we'll give you nothing. And you will be
         | happy." No American sees their kid growing up and thinks, "I
         | hope my child will one day work long hours at a factory."
         | People in some countries do, and it's because those jobs are a
         | step up from the current standard. Factory jobs in the US are,
         | in many cases, a step down and that step keeps lowering. High
         | tech/high skilled manufacturing can be an exception, but the
         | bulk of the jobs they're hoping to bring back aren't that.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.npr.org/2024/11/02/g-s1-28731/hurricane-
         | helene-t...
        
           | palmotea wrote:
           | > Plus, even assuming there existed lots of people to fill
           | the gap, why would they sign up for manufacturing jobs? They
           | pay like crap.
           | 
           | Maybe that's just you talking from a position of relative
           | privilege (e.g. as someone who's likely an extremely well-
           | paid software engineer or some adjacent profession), and not
           | really understanding other people's situation. Not everyone
           | has a pick of the perfect career that ticks every box.
           | 
           | It's very well document that there are lots people bitter
           | those manufacturing jobs got off-shored, and lots of
           | communities that wish they'd reopen "the plant."
        
             | forgotoldacc wrote:
             | I'm from a very poor Appalachian town. My only option to
             | better my life was to get up and leave.
             | 
             | People from my hometown do talk about the good old days.
             | People worked at union factories and my grandfather worked
             | a well paying railroad job. My no-name town of 1000 people
             | had a train station that made it possible to go to NYC. My
             | grandpa got paid a handsome retirement from the railroad
             | company. When he died, my grandmother was able to receive
             | his benefits.
             | 
             | My hometown votes against building railways. The station
             | has long crumbled. They vote against unions. The factories
             | are long gone. They've voted against any sort of retirement
             | benefits. The elderly are struggling and depending on
             | churches handing out food.
             | 
             | Even if those factories come back, they'll be paid less
             | than my ancestors did. They'll never have an affordable
             | link to cities hours away. They'll never get the retirement
             | benefits my ancestors had. And if you mention giving them
             | these benefits, they yell and say they don't want them. The
             | youth in my hometown who worked hard in school (we somehow
             | had a decent school, all things considered) used their
             | education as a ticket out. Now the people there are pissed
             | and they're coming for education next.
             | 
             | These people don't want "the plant." They want to be young
             | again, without understanding that their youth was great
             | because my ancestors busted their asses to give us great
             | opportunities. They squandered everything that was given to
             | us.
        
               | abnercoimbre wrote:
               | Since you grew up there, what was their rationale for
               | repudiating pro-labor policies at the ballot box?
        
               | forgotoldacc wrote:
               | The guys on TV told them the people who supported it were
               | communist and unions are for lazy people and welfare
               | queens. They were told by the people on TV that if they
               | vote against this, then those people will have worse and
               | they'll have it better.
               | 
               | 45 minutes down the road was a town with a large black
               | population. When people talked about "those people in
               | (town name)" being lazy or "those people" getting jobs or
               | "those welfare queens" somehow benefiting from anything,
               | everybody knew what they were talking about. It was
               | better to be racist instead of caring about the future of
               | their children
               | 
               | Now, decades later, it's still the same. "Welfare queen"
               | isn't the word that's used much anymore--everyone knows
               | it's used as a substitute for various racial slurs and
               | it's hard to deny it. Instead, they complain about DEI
               | and woke. They replaced the word, but the meaning is the
               | same. They still deny that it's meant to refer to "those
               | people", but they always mention "that" town name when
               | talking about it.
        
               | sjsdaiuasgdia wrote:
               | "If you can convince the lowest white man he's better
               | than the best colored man, he won't notice you're picking
               | his pocket. Hell, give him somebody to look down on, and
               | he'll empty his pockets for you."
               | 
               | - Lyndon B. Johnson
        
               | nthingtohide wrote:
               | This is very telling. The American Empire didn't even
               | work for Americans. Who really benefitted? Just the
               | Elites? Why should common people care about propping up
               | an empire if the people in power don't bother about them.
               | For context, read this thread.
               | 
               | https://x.com/yishan/status/1906592890845028405
        
               | e40 wrote:
               | Many if us can't read threads because we don't have
               | accounts there anymore.
        
               | 42772827 wrote:
               | https://nitter.net/yishan/status/1906592890845028405
        
               | palmotea wrote:
               | > The original architects of American global power did
               | something very clever that no other empire had ever done
               | before: they deliberately hid the instruments of their
               | power.
               | 
               | > Specifically, they institutionalized the hard power of
               | the post-WW2 American military into a "rules-based
               | international order" and the organizations needed to run
               | it.
               | 
               | > ...
               | 
               | > The reason they did this is because repeated use of
               | hard military power is fragile and self-defeating: it
               | engenders resentment and breeds defiance.
               | 
               | I think a similar thing happened to the people with the
               | ideology of markets: they're presented as some neutral,
               | optimal thing, but they aren't. They encode biases and
               | preferences that suit powerful interests, which can take
               | _a lot_ of effort for a common person to discern. But
               | since there 's no leader or decision-maker to point to
               | and defy, so it's hard to organize people about the
               | problems, and then it's hard to point them at the right
               | root cause/solution.
        
               | kristjansson wrote:
               | > Why should common people care
               | 
               | because, like Yishan is saying, they don't even realize
               | the 'empire' _is_ working for them. We sit around in
               | absolute physical security, awash in cheap goods, able to
               | travel anywhere, finding our cultural and technological
               | products in demand across most of the world, ...
               | 
               | We only feel want in areas like medicine and education
               | where protectionism and prejudice have prevented us from
               | fully enjoying the benefits of that position.
        
               | lynx97 wrote:
               | 32 years after my father died, I still only get 1.9x the
               | pay he used to get for manual labour. Given that
               | inflation goes roughly double every 20 years, its clear I
               | am getting less pay then he did. I also had to leave my
               | village, because there were simply zero good
               | opportunities to work in IT. The young leaving rural
               | villages are pretty much common, and has almost nothing
               | to do with how people vote. Neither in which country they
               | actually reside. Its a downward trend, everywhere.
        
               | areoform wrote:
               | I'm sorry to hear that. That's genuinely painful to read,
               | but it's a reality that I've seen reflected elsewhere.
               | 
               | I tend to think about Feynman's Challenger commission
               | report whenever I come across stories like yours, "For a
               | successful technology, reality must take precedence over
               | public relations, for nature cannot be fooled."
               | 
               | For a successful society, reality must take precedence
               | over public relations, for nature cannot be fooled. And
               | yes, nature will come for us all be it pestilence or
               | disease, or a storm that washes it all away. Nature never
               | stops.
               | 
               | We created civilization and society as a way to escape
               | nature's wrath. To become something more, to rise above
               | the muck, and when we degrade that we will _inevitably_
               | go back to the muck.
        
               | Bhilai wrote:
               | Reminds me on 'the town' in the book Damon Copperhead.
        
               | cosmic_cheese wrote:
               | My background is very similar. Grew up in a small, poor
               | mountain town that once boomed with industry but today is
               | crumbling to dust as the population becomes increasingly
               | elderly and young people either leave for greener
               | pastures or abuse substances in order to escape their
               | reality and succumb to addiction.
               | 
               | The industry that once fueled the town is long gone and
               | isn't ever coming back, and as you say even if a new
               | industry moved in the jobs it'd open up would be so
               | grueling and abusive that it wouldn't be a net
               | improvement to anybody's lives, thanks to all the worker
               | protections stripped away over the years.
               | 
               | It's not enough to "just" make jobs available. They need
               | to be _good_ jobs with proper protections and support
               | that allow people to thrive.
        
               | kristjansson wrote:
               | They squandered the sacrifice of their parents, and now
               | they're asking their children to sacrifice for their
               | benefit.
        
             | Qworg wrote:
             | It isn't just "reopen the plant" - it is "reopen the plant
             | and match economic conditions in the time period from the
             | 1950s-1990s".
             | 
             | Just reopening won't bring back the comparably high wages
             | from that time period.
        
               | palmotea wrote:
               | > Just reopening won't bring back the comparably high
               | wages from that time period.
               | 
               | It's a start though. If the plant stays closed, those
               | "comparably high wages" _certainly_ aren 't coming back.
               | If the plant opens, there's a chance.
               | 
               | There's a lot of "letting the perfect be the enemy of the
               | good" protecting a shitty status quo: "don't do _that_
               | because it doesn 't fix X," implicitly requires that one
               | solution fix _everything perfectly all at once_.
        
               | sn9 wrote:
               | That's a helluva defense of nuking our trade
               | relationships and sparking a trade war.
               | 
               | Like it wasn't perfect but it sure was preferable to
               | what's about to come.
               | 
               | We could have kept that and implemented policies that
               | were far less painful and far more likely to increase
               | wages.
        
               | palmotea wrote:
               | > We could have kept that and implemented policies that
               | were far less painful and far more likely to increase
               | wages.
               | 
               | Yeah, but we didn't, so this is what we get.
               | 
               | That's why, ultimately, I blame Democrats for Trump. They
               | had _many_ opportunities to improve things, but they
               | chose to ignore the trouble and prioritize other stuff
               | more amiable to their increasingly upper-class base. The
               | root cause was their neglect of the building pressure,
               | Trump is just the explosion. They keep claiming they 're
               | the competent and responsible ones, but they are just
               | irresponsible in a different, more subtle way.
        
               | Qworg wrote:
               | I'm not saying it has to be perfect.
               | 
               | I'm saying that this outcome will never exist because
               | more has changed than just the plant closing. If we
               | coupled "reopen the plant" with "the plant makes entirely
               | new things" and "the plant trains local workers to take
               | these jobs" and "the plant pays above local
               | service/construction wages" and "the plant will be
               | successful in geopolitical competition" and "the plant
               | can do 10x the amount of business due to advances in
               | automation to get to the same level of employment" and on
               | and on.
               | 
               | We could solve _each_ of these problems, absolutely - but
               | they are all interlocking parts of a wicked problem.
               | Blowing up the economy and threatening a global recession
               | won't actually solve any of these.
        
               | palmotea wrote:
               | > Blowing up the economy and threatening a global
               | recession won't actually solve any of these.
               | 
               |  _But neither will the status quo._
        
               | gizzlon wrote:
               | Do you assume it can't get worse? Or that 10 other things
               | could not get worse?
               | 
               | Like, much much worse?
        
               | palmotea wrote:
               | > Do you assume it can't get worse? Or that 10 other
               | things could not get worse?
               | 
               | > Like, much much worse?
               | 
               | It will at least afflict the comfortable, otherwise they
               | wouldn't be so opposed.
               | 
               | And that's fine. We've been running on a twisted "win-
               | win" logic in this country for a long time: no policy can
               | be pursued where the working class "wins" unless the
               | well-off also "win" (because if they don't, there will be
               | _much_ whining), but if the working class loses it 's
               | "Who cares! They've got to suck it up and adapt. Be more
               | grateful and go fill the holes in your life with cheap
               | shit from Walmart."
               | 
               | Enough of that, and a lot of people rightly stop caring
               | if things can get worse. Trump is the chickens coming
               | home to roost. If people didn't want this outcome, they
               | should've gotten together to fix the problems with
               | neoliberalism.
        
               | gizzlon wrote:
               | Are there problems? Sure! But "fixes" that just makes
               | everyone* worse of helps.. nobody.
               | 
               | > Enough of that, and a lot of people rightly stop caring
               | if things can get worse
               | 
               | I get the _feeling_ , but it's still dumb: "My neighbor
               | is playing loud music, so I'm going to burn down the
               | block. Ok, so I don't have an apartment anymore, but at
               | least hes not plying loud music anymore!! Win!!"
               | 
               | * well, not the rich. They will be fine, at least in the
               | short to medium term
        
             | hackable_sand wrote:
             | I worked in a factory. I agree with gp. Don't you dare
             | speak for me.
        
           | charlie90 wrote:
           | >They pay like crap.
           | 
           | Then raise the wages. Yes that means products get more
           | expensive, but so be it. The economy will find a new
           | equilibrium. White collar workers will see their purchasing
           | power decrease, but factory workers will see it increase.
           | 
           | >No American sees their kid growing up and thinks, "I hope my
           | child will one day work long hours at a factory."
           | 
           | Maybe its just me, but I think theres something seriously
           | wrong with society if people have existential _dread_ over
           | the thought of having to produce the things they consume. If
           | the production of it is so unethical, it shouldn 't be
           | consumed at all.
        
             | forgotoldacc wrote:
             | > Then raise the wages.
             | 
             | The same people proposing bringing back all these factories
             | also want to lower wages.
             | 
             | The dread isn't over production. It's about the conditions
             | they face while producing them. Americans dream about
             | having a small farm and doing their own woodworking and
             | blacksmithing or doing so with a small community. They
             | don't dream about working on a factory line and being fired
             | if they miss a day due to being sick. But at the same time,
             | if someone else says they don't want this, they call them
             | lazy and say the kids don't want to work these days.
             | 
             | It's an odd paradox.
             | 
             | And high skilled manufacturing still exists in America.
             | That work is often paid decently and people are fine with
             | working those jobs. The problem is tariffs being made to
             | bring back low skilled manufacturing, and the desire to
             | make the standards of employment lower in the US so that
             | it's feasible.
        
               | SpicyLemonZest wrote:
               | > Americans dream about having a small farm and doing
               | their own woodworking and blacksmithing or doing so with
               | a small community. They don't dream about working on a
               | factory line and being fired if they miss a day due to
               | being sick.
               | 
               | They dream about being treated better than that, but this
               | is a big cultural gap. There are a lot of Americans who
               | do, genuinely, dream about working somewhat hard factory
               | jobs. They feel proud and fulfilled that they work in the
               | steel mill just like their dad and grandpa and great-
               | grandpappy, and they want to make sure their son will
               | have the same opportunity.
        
               | mjevans wrote:
               | F-Them... I want a future of Star Trek replicators that
               | can molecular print most of the stuff I want. Heavy
               | engineering seems to still need at least some high energy
               | refinement though. (Or at the very least, replicators
               | with different composition.)
        
             | vv_ wrote:
             | > Then raise the wages.
             | 
             | Then no one will be able to afford the products the plant
             | is going to build.
        
               | skywal_l wrote:
               | They were able to in the 50s/60s/70s. So why not now?
        
               | Draiken wrote:
               | The line must go up.
        
               | vv_ wrote:
               | Everyone in the United States was much more well off in
               | the 50s/60s/70s as they had just won a huge war that left
               | most of their competitors factories completely destroyed.
               | There's no economic boom today.
        
               | hagbarth wrote:
               | Because there was a shift to shareholder capitalism.
               | Everything is done to increase shareholder value.
        
               | runako wrote:
               | The triumph of conservative ideology has broken the
               | unions. No individual factory worker has the leverage to
               | negotiate a better compensation package against the
               | professional management team at Gap or Deere.
               | 
               | The 80s was a period of explicitly designing for this
               | condition; it's just taken a while for the ramifications
               | to be acute. Although it's been obvious for decades that
               | we were headed here.
        
               | e40 wrote:
               | You mean back when rich people paid serious taxes?
        
               | ThrowawayR2 wrote:
               | > " _They were able to in the 50s /60s/70s. So why not
               | now?_"
               | 
               | Because the 50s/60s/70s was the post-World War II
               | economic boom for the US. Unless you're volunteering to
               | endure World War III so that the next generation can
               | enjoy that kind of boom, that is not going to happen
               | again.
        
               | ImPleadThe5th wrote:
               | It's a vicious cycle. But at the end of the day it's the
               | _company_ that has to entice workers.
        
               | vv_ wrote:
               | The _company_ also has to stay competitive to make money.
        
               | ImPleadThe5th wrote:
               | Won't even have a product if you can't convince people to
               | work for you. Believe it or not, its actually the workers
               | who do most of the work.
        
             | UncleMeat wrote:
             | The tariffs are high, but not 1,000% or whatever. If the
             | alternative is "build new factories in the US,
             | substantially raise wages and benefits for employees to
             | encourage them to leave service positions for these roles,
             | and then spend time training them" then the furniture from
             | Vietnam with a 50% tariff is still going to be cheaper.
        
             | stefs wrote:
             | the good production worker's wages came from the unions.
             | the GOP is fervently anti-union (with the exception of the
             | police union maybe). they also oppose minium wages. there
             | is no reason to think they'd support wage raises.
        
           | arkh wrote:
           | > rough on the body and doesn't even provide proper health
           | care or sick days to rest
           | 
           | That's why I'm bullish on human shaped drones controlled with
           | full-body trackers. If you could do most physical jobs
           | without being physically near the area you'd open them to
           | more women (so widening the potential workforce) and improve
           | on-the-job accidents statistics.
        
             | mdda wrote:
             | and (of course) the company will record the data so that
             | the robots will be able to learn via imitation learning
             | ASAP
        
           | selimthegrim wrote:
           | Wow I guess that WEF quote was true but just within
           | boundaries of USA.
        
           | cmrdporcupine wrote:
           | > Why work a monotonous job that pays at or just slightly
           | above minimum wage,
           | 
           | If you torpedo the economy so people have no other sources of
           | income, raise the price of all goods, and cut of all social
           | supports and programs, people will have no choice but to take
           | jobs they would have turned their noises up at before.
           | 
           | Draining the swamp is winning!
        
             | e40 wrote:
             | This. It's the primary feature of the long term plan.
        
         | JimBlackwood wrote:
         | The US has recently loosened laws regarding child labor. It's
         | how other countries produce items cheaply, why not the US?
         | 
         | That El Salvador prison could also come in useful.
        
           | seanmcdirmid wrote:
           | That was Florida. Child labor laws are mostly set by the
           | states.
        
             | chgs wrote:
             | Is Flordia not in the US?
        
               | clarionbell wrote:
               | In the same way that Berlin is entire Germany.
        
               | ZeroGravitas wrote:
               | Florida is the US of the US.
        
             | bamboozled wrote:
             | Do you think if children were going to be harmed in The USA
             | then maybe the federal government should introduce a ban of
             | that kind of shit federally?
             | 
             | I've heard it all now...
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | > Do you think if children were going to be harmed in The
               | USA then maybe the federal government should introduce a
               | ban of that kind of shit federally?
               | 
               | I'm not sure the federal government can. There are powers
               | reserved for states that the federal government can't
               | circumvent. They have supremacy, but the jurisdiction of
               | that supremacy is restricted.
        
             | JimBlackwood wrote:
             | Fair point, but does it change anything? You don't need
             | factories in all states.
             | 
             | Florida has 19% of children living in poverty, which to me
             | sounds very high. That's a large and vulnerable group of
             | people.
        
         | themagician wrote:
         | No people, no supply chain, and no total lack of environmental
         | regulations mean most manufacturing jobs are not coming back no
         | matter what the tariffs are. It's not just one reason that the
         | manufacturing jobs have left, but a conflation of reasons.
         | 
         | Unless... well, unless you eliminate the EPA, invade Canada and
         | Greenland and take their raw materials, and make people so poor
         | that they take up factory jobs again.
        
         | seydor wrote:
         | Suppose you even find those workers. How are american products
         | going to compete with cheaper chinese / european ones. People
         | over there are used to much lower wages / purchasing power. You
         | can look at Tesla vs BYD prices as an example
        
           | coderenegade wrote:
           | More likely the goal is for foreign companies to set up
           | factories in the US for the domestic market. The US market is
           | too big for most industries to ignore, and as they move
           | manufacturing there, they skill up the US population.
           | 
           | Industries don't exist in isolation, and you need to be able
           | to make simpler things in order to cultivate the know-how to
           | make complex things. If China makes better phones, it won't
           | be long until they make better drones. This is as much a
           | strategic initiative as it is an economic one.
           | 
           | And BYD should be a wake up call that the US cannot compete
           | in high value goods anymore.
        
             | anonfordays wrote:
             | >If China makes better phones, it won't be long until they
             | make better drones.
             | 
             | They already do. China makes the best drones. Most of the
             | drones in the world, most of the drones use in wars, etc.
             | are manufactured in China, or are comprised of mostly
             | Chinese parts.
        
               | coderenegade wrote:
               | I'm referring to the ones that carry a Q designation, not
               | the DJI kind. China hasn't yet caught up in that domain.
               | Electric drones are seeing a lot of use in Ukraine and
               | other conflicts, but they aren't helping to establish air
               | superiority.
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | China has direct copies of our Reaper drones, they aren't
               | some advanced technology, they are very simple craft
               | actually, and descend from essentially target drones and
               | some toys the navy put together in the 80s.
               | 
               | >but they aren't helping to establish air superiority.
               | 
               | A reaper style drone does nothing for air superiority.
               | It's not meant to. It's a surveillance and ground attack
               | platform. It has no means of equipping or targeting
               | actual air to air munitions meant for Air Superiority.
               | 
               | Why did you believe the MQ9 was relevant to air
               | superiority? Or some special machine that China couldn't
               | make?
        
               | coderenegade wrote:
               | Reapers aren't the only military drones, and yes, there
               | are drones that do help establish air superiority, either
               | on the reconnaissance and logistics side, or (more
               | recently) directly on the combat side.
               | 
               | China doesn't have the same level of sophistication in
               | stealth tech, and they still struggle to make decent jet
               | engines, because they don't have the required materials
               | technology for certain components. There's also decades
               | of work in signals processing, which is at least as
               | important as the platform. Not to mention sensor
               | packages, but they almost certainly have a lot of that
               | down. A drone is simple until it needs to fly close to
               | the coffin corner, do air-to-air refueling, land on a
               | carrier, be invisible to radar, be hardened to jamming,
               | act as a wingman to a human pilot... You get the idea.
               | 
               | And since it apparently wasn't obvious, I'm not really
               | talking drones specifically, I'm talking about all
               | defense hardware. China doesn't have anything close to an
               | F-22, and as far as we know, their tanks aren't as good.
               | They can't build carriers that can compete with US ones.
               | But they're already outcompeting the US when it comes to
               | building civilian vessels, and they're taking over the
               | electric car market. How long until they can build a
               | decent carrier or tank?
        
         | trallnag wrote:
         | What's up with the corresponding 7 million young women of
         | working age?
        
         | danpalmer wrote:
         | I heard a great story from a colleague that worked in fashion
         | development in the UK. There's a big push for "Made in the UK"
         | clothing and consumers associate it with quality, but the items
         | are _lower quality_ , because the UK lost its garment
         | manufacturing skills 50+ years ago. Meanwhile Asia has gained
         | those skills, so if you buy clothes from China they are likely
         | higher quality than you'd get here _and cheaper_.
         | 
         | This is not always the case, Italy still makes high quality
         | leather goods, Portugal is still making good shirts and
         | trousers etc, but for the most part as economies have moved
         | away from manufacturing into services they have lost the skills
         | and to force manufacturing to happen there means accepting
         | higher priced, lower quality products.
        
           | smokel wrote:
           | This has probably little to do with skill being lost, and
           | more with how little one gets paid to do this kind of work.
           | Skilled people can get jobs in other fields that earn a lot
           | more.
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | Skilled people don't just appear out of thin air. Skilled
             | people need years of practice, and advice from a network of
             | adjacent skilled people to become skilled in a particular
             | craft.
             | 
             | You can be skilled at Excel and be 10 years away from
             | knowing how to make even mass produced low quality
             | clothing.
        
             | mitthrowaway2 wrote:
             | Skilled people are still mortal and after a couple
             | generations, they do pass away. They won't be replaced by
             | new skilled apprentices if the industry hasn't been hiring.
        
             | danpalmer wrote:
             | No no, it's the skills. My colleague worked for a very high
             | priced fashion brand who were able to pay high rates (and
             | indeed did for this and other parts), but they couldn't get
             | the quality they needed.
             | 
             | At the low end, sure, it's obvious you'll get more for your
             | money abroad. The point here is that the skills are lost
             | and you can't pay any amount anymore, at least not at scale
             | (there will always be artisans who can produce extremely
             | low volumes but these don't affect the market much).
        
         | coderenegade wrote:
         | I don't know that I agree with this. The US is too large a
         | market to ignore, and this is effectively raising the profit
         | margin for local production. Foreign companies will either move
         | some portion of manufacturing to the US (for the domestic
         | market), or cede the market completely, and I don't know that
         | they're prepared to do that (well, maybe Chinese ones are).
         | Factories have a long lead time, so even if this is abolished
         | at the end of his term, they'll be locked in with sunk capital
         | costs. The main reasons not to do this are a) abandoning the
         | market, as mentioned, or b) you think you can hold out long
         | enough until the political landscape changes.
         | 
         | If the people aren't there, wages will rise until they show up.
         | Most labor shortages aren't an actual shortage of labor, unless
         | you genuinely can't produce that skillset domestically, or your
         | labor market is so tight that no one is unemployed; rather,
         | they're a shortage of wages. Pay enough, and someone will do
         | the job. This is especially true for low-skilled work. There is
         | not, and never will be, a shortage of cleaners, for example,
         | because anyone can do it, so as long as there are unemployed
         | people and the wages are good enough, someone will do the work.
         | 
         | And even if these jobs aren't in running these factories,
         | they've still got to be built. Money is a powerful motivator,
         | so I have no doubt they will. Companies will bleed because of
         | this, but there are clear benefits for the US working class
         | even if they're paying more. The gamble is obviously that the
         | benefits outweigh the negatives of higher prices overall.
         | Modern economics says no, but modern economics also believes in
         | service-based economies, and that countries should only produce
         | what they're good at, which, eventually, becomes a repudiation
         | of the nation state. No country wants to buy bullets from an
         | enemy, even if they're cheaper, and the web of infrastructure
         | and industry necessary to maintain a defense industry mandates
         | that at some point, you abandon the theory. Which is to say: I
         | don't know, but I'm also skeptical that economists do.
        
           | foota wrote:
           | > If the people aren't there, wages will rise until they show
           | up. Most labor shortages aren't an actual shortage of labor,
           | unless you genuinely can't produce that skillset
           | domestically, or your labor market is so tight that no one is
           | unemployed; rather, they're a shortage of wages
           | 
           | I don't know about this in the US. Sure, we're not at full
           | employment, but I don't know how factory jobs are going to
           | change that. My impression is that there is already a deficit
           | in labor willing to work hard for good pay (construction,
           | trucking, etc.,) and tightening immigration policies will
           | make this even worse.
        
             | coderenegade wrote:
             | The definition of good pay is relative. Increase wages
             | enough, and people will leave other industries, and new
             | workers will join the workforce straight out of high school
             | rather than going to university. Those jobs will be filled.
        
               | foota wrote:
               | Op is implying that there's excess labor lying around
               | that with moderate prices (say, what you make in fields
               | like construction, electrical work, etc.,) would be
               | picked up. This isn't the case, or they'd already be
               | taking the jobs in those fields that are relatively in
               | demand.
               | 
               | I agree that if you paid people as much as software
               | engineers to work in a factory you would certainly see
               | disruptions in the labor market. I don't know what the
               | market clearing price would be for factory labor
               | sufficient to meet the US demand, but I don't think it'll
               | be pretty.
        
               | retrorangular wrote:
               | To what benefit though? People in the US currently
               | provide advanced services such as software sold to people
               | everyplace, and people in developing nations are
               | manufacturing cheap goods, sold to people everyplace.
               | 
               | After tariffs, people in the US are (maybe) manufacturing
               | cheap goods, sold mostly only here, and developing
               | nations continue to manufacture cheap goods for the rest
               | of the world, and fewer people are providing advanced
               | services such as software.
               | 
               | Overall, the world just becomes poorer and has fewer
               | useful services provided. Yes, the US becomes less
               | dependent on the rest of the world, but the rest of the
               | world also becomes less dependent on the US. Material
               | wellbeing of everyone is worse off.
               | 
               | But that's assuming all went to plan. In practice, it's
               | hard to see how they would even achieve bringing
               | manufacturing here through tariffs. Crashing the stock
               | market is a sure-fire way to ensure the next
               | administration (3.5 years away) will revoke them. You
               | could install a dictatorship, but that makes it even less
               | likely for companies to invest in the US. In practice,
               | this will likely just make Americans poorer, but not
               | bring any meaningful amount of manufacturing jobs back.
               | Pretty much the epitome of "cutting off your nose to
               | spite your face."
        
           | Tuna-Fish wrote:
           | No-one will move any manufacturing because people don't
           | expect this to last long enough for it to make sense.
           | 
           | The congress can remove Trump's authority to determine
           | tariffs at any point by declaring the crisis to be over. The
           | Republicans have a knife-edge margin in the house and the
           | most consistent two rules in American elections are that the
           | party with the president loses some support in the midterms
           | and that bad economic times means that the opposition party
           | gains.
           | 
           | It would take years to move production, and next congress is
           | 20 months away. There is no world in which this ends up good
           | for the USA. Even if you believe that this is a situation
           | where short-term pain leads to long-term gain, there is no
           | way this will continue long enough for that gain to ever
           | materialize.
        
             | sorcerer-mar wrote:
             | Yep, there will be a lot of promises for factories that
             | should break ground in ~2028.
             | 
             | The White House has already demonstrated repeatedly it
             | can't stick to its guns.
        
           | mattlondon wrote:
           | > effectively raising the profit margin for local production
           | 
           | This is the sad thing for US consumers.
           | 
           | If there is now a tariff on Product X that means instead of
           | costing 100 it will now cost 125, I will guarantee you that
           | the price for a locally produced competitor item will be
           | 124.99 The local producers are not going to leave 25% profit
           | on the table.
        
             | franktankbank wrote:
             | Why would it have to be that way? Are you imagining a
             | monopoly on all locally produced goods? Why wouldn't there
             | be competition with a healthyish margin? Seems entirely and
             | 100% cynical.
        
               | runako wrote:
               | The point of raising a tariff on a $100 imported good to
               | make it cost $125 is because the US provider cannot
               | profitably sell for less than $125. The tariff doesn't
               | magically fix the domestic provider's cost basis.
               | 
               | If the US provider was able to compete close to the $100
               | level (as they already have incentive to do!), there
               | would be no complaint and no need for the tariff in the
               | first place.
        
               | franktankbank wrote:
               | Well taking that 34% number as reference. You could have
               | been brought from 0% margin to 34% with a penstroke. US
               | manufacturers were ground down just to the level of being
               | unprofitable for the last 4 decades, of course they are
               | close to the break even level.
        
               | runako wrote:
               | Let's leave aside for a moment the notion that there are
               | any significant number of US manufacturers making stuff
               | for 0% margins.
               | 
               | So you suggest that increasing the tariff allows the US
               | maker to increase their margin. We're not talking about
               | them reducing input costs (in fact, the opposite in many
               | cases), so the only way you could mean for them to
               | increase their margin is by raising price. And to get the
               | full benefit, you suggest they raise their price to match
               | the price of the imports. And yes, this is what will
               | happen, US makers will increase their prices because
               | their low-cost competition is gone.
               | 
               | So you're now kind of agreeing with the poster you
               | initially disagreed with.
               | 
               | (Of course, for many goods there are no US factories here
               | and no reasonable ability to make the goods here at
               | prices that would make sense, even accounting for high
               | tariff barriers. So in those cases, consumers will just
               | pay more for the same goods.)
        
           | sebastianz wrote:
           | > If the people aren't there, wages will rise until they show
           | up. [...] There is not, and never will be, a shortage of
           | cleaners, for example, because anyone can do it, so as long
           | as there are unemployed people and the wages are good enough,
           | someone will do the work.
           | 
           | While this might be in a theoretical and pedantic way true,
           | sometimes you do not have the economic context to provide
           | those larger wages, so there will technically be no
           | "shortage" - but just because the jobs themselves will
           | disappear.
           | 
           | If you look at poor countries or regions, there is garbage,
           | dirt and dilapidation everywhere. Clearly there is - in a
           | practical way - a need for cleaners, but by your definition
           | there is no "shortage" - because they cannot afford to pay
           | anything for those jobs.
        
           | iteratethis wrote:
           | You say foreign companies will move manufacturing to the US
           | or cede the market. You leave out the most likely option:
           | everything will stay the same yet you pay more for your
           | imports.
        
           | Marsymars wrote:
           | There probably isn't enough labour to onshore everything like
           | you're implying.
           | 
           | The US currently consumes about half of its goods from
           | domestic manufacturing. There are about 12 million people
           | currently employed in manufacturing, and 7 million unemployed
           | people. Matching the historical all-time low for unemployment
           | rate would give around 4 million unemployed still.
           | 
           | > There is not, and never will be, a shortage of cleaners,
           | for example, because anyone can do it, so as long as there
           | are unemployed people and the wages are good enough, someone
           | will do the work.
           | 
           | I mean, by that logic there's never a shortage of any
           | profession. But in practice, I've _seen_ what happens with a
           | shortage of cleaners in a popular tourist town (my wife used
           | to run a cleaning business) - it becomes nearly impossible to
           | hire cleaners because everyone 's salary in the area is
           | inflated and people would rather work at an easier job. You
           | run into persistent performance issues with your remaining
           | cleaners - they're dishonest, simply stop showing up to work
           | without notice, etc. You can't hire anyone from outside the
           | area because there's no housing available other than dingy,
           | overpriced basements. Holes get blown in the budgets of
           | schools, hospitals, etc. because they have to contend with
           | cleaning rates that are effectively set by the competitive
           | market for cleaning AirBnBs.
        
         | vv_ wrote:
         | > The US doesn't have the people to do the actual manufacturing
         | 
         | The core issue is that, historically, experienced workers have
         | passed down their knowledge to new generations, ensuring a
         | steady accumulation of expertise. However, when factories close
         | and seasoned workers retire or move to other fields without
         | training successors, a vast amount of valuable knowledge is
         | lost. Rebuilding this expertise is both difficult and time-
         | consuming. Subsidies will be required to support local
         | production - initially yielding lower-quality or significantly
         | more expensive goods - until the Western world relearns how to
         | manufacture at scale.
         | 
         | Furthermore, if you want to build something, you likely won't
         | do it by hand. You'll need machines to automate the process or
         | enable complex material operations. Rebuilding this capability
         | from scratch will take time, as existing manufacturers lack the
         | necessary capacity. Additionally, similar equipment is produced
         | much more cheaply in China, creating another challenge that
         | must be addressed. What's likely to happen is that Chinese
         | manufacturers will establish companies in the United States
         | that replicate their production facilities elsewhere (e.g.
         | mainland China). They'll ship in parts, and final assembly will
         | take place in the U.S. This approach allows them to bypass
         | trade restrictions while maintaining cost advantages. I already
         | know of several cases where this is happening.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | A lot of that experience isn't needed though - automation
           | replaced a large part of the expertise needs. I used to work
           | at a factory, it produces as much as it ever did (though with
           | a lot of modern innovations), but today only about 200 people
           | work in it, compared to over 2000 in 1950. The CNC laser
           | cutters replaced 70 people running saws with just 3.
        
             | vv_ wrote:
             | This isn't uniformly true in all industries or throughout
             | all manufacturing. Not to mention that you need qualified
             | people to operate and maintain these machines and the
             | machines themselves.
        
           | stefs wrote:
           | > They'll ship in parts, and final assembly will take place
           | in the U.S.
           | 
           | i thought new the tariffs also applied to parts (with a few
           | exceptions)?
        
         | intermerda wrote:
         | Well they can always go back to child labor like Florida is
         | planning to - https://www.cnn.com/2025/03/25/business/florida-
         | child-labor-...
        
         | thrance wrote:
         | Can you blame the new generations for not wanting to work their
         | asses off doing arduous manual labor, payed a minimum wage that
         | is barely enough to afford a single room?
         | 
         | Republicans made work awful. I've heard some wanting to get rid
         | of minimum wage too. Do you think this will help?
        
         | codedokode wrote:
         | Actually there are people who are ok to do physical jobs but
         | they are getting deported now.
        
         | petesergeant wrote:
         | > The US doesn't have the people to do the actual manufacturing
         | ... I'm sure you'll have Apple investing in a mega plant where
         | 50 educated people push some buttons though.
         | 
         | I feel like this could be used to steel-man the Trump
         | administration's plan, though, should you want to. The best-
         | case outcome here for America is it forces large capital
         | investment in automated manufacturing facilities based in the
         | US by making manufacturing that relies on cheap overseas labour
         | expensive enough that the investment is worth it.
         | 
         | I'm doubtful, but, in the unlikely event it works like that,
         | and this comes online in the next couple of years without
         | causing a catastrophic wipeout in the mid-terms, Trump will
         | look like a genius.
         | 
         | IMO it would have been much smarter to explicitly incentivize
         | this with tax breaks and start with small tariffs that would
         | ramp up a little bit each month, if it's the plan, and not just
         | incoherent policy making.
        
         | jsemrau wrote:
         | >Apparently there's some 7 million young men of working age
         | that are...missing in action. Self-isolated, gaming,
         | addictions.
         | 
         | And you never wondered why that is?
        
           | franktankbank wrote:
           | The only question is how to get them employed where our
           | economy needs them. Honestly I've worked in Manufacturing and
           | it is fucking gnarly. Clean factories don't exist. Many of
           | the men I worked with had some sort of mild mental disorder
           | tending towards aggression. Constantly short serviced
           | machines and price gouging by any contractors involved. There
           | is a lot to figure out and before you end up with a
           | hospitable work environment. I'm doubtful tubby mcgamesalot
           | is going to hold down a job stamping metal parts all day
           | getting his lunch eaten or pissed in.
        
             | creata wrote:
             | Speaking as such an unemployed Tubby McGamesalot (well,
             | minus the gaming) I'm pretty sure we're all aware, and
             | would rather starve than work in manufacturing.
        
           | AnimalMuppet wrote:
           | Don't vaguepost. If you've got a point, state it.
        
           | creata wrote:
           | Well, if I had to guess based on my own personal experience,
           | it's easy to simply be... forgotten. Nobody asks you to do
           | anything, and you don't have the will to do anything of your
           | own accord because everything you want feels hopelessly out
           | of reach.
        
         | fnord77 wrote:
         | > Apparently there's some 7 million young men of working age
         | that are...missing in action. Self-isolated, gaming,
         | addictions.
         | 
         | perhaps we'll see something akin to "forced conscription",
         | except for industrial work
        
         | lanthissa wrote:
         | didnt you listen to the 70 year olds planning this? we're just
         | going have the robots do it.
         | 
         | you know how people said putin was surrounded by an echo
         | chamber and thats how he got stuck in ukraine? Thats the us now
         | but with billionare VC's and 2nd tier 1980's NYC real estate
         | developers. Look at their numbers and listen to them talk,
         | they're genuinely not grounded in reality as whole group and
         | theres no fixing that
        
         | jccalhoun wrote:
         | I recently listened to an episode of the Search Engine podcast
         | where they showed how hard it is to manufacture something
         | completely in the USA:
         | https://www.searchengine.show/listen/search-engine-1/the-puz...
         | 
         | (Spoilers, the problem they had was that even when they found
         | companies to manufacture their bbq scrubber, it was harder to
         | find someone in the USA to make the parts that are used to make
         | the parts.)
        
           | dharmab wrote:
           | Simone Giertz said on her channel her company approached
           | multiple factories in the US, EU and China about
           | manufacturing a product. None of the US factories even
           | replied.
        
         | hnthrow90348765 wrote:
         | No one will want to do lower income jobs while the cost of
         | living is high and continues to rise. Wear and tear on the body
         | is also not compensated, not to mention healthcare being
         | expensive. Meanwhile, I do CRUD apps and work remotely 20/hours
         | a week with no bodily harm (on the contrary, I have time to
         | work out and make bad posts on HN)
         | 
         | No one in their right mind is going to choose manufacturing
         | over what I have if they can do both, and most people could
         | honestly learn to do CRUD apps. Even if my salary were to go
         | down by 5-10% yoy due to people moving in, I'm still in a
         | better position for the other reasons mentioned. I'd have to be
         | _below_ manufacturing and blue collar wages to get me to
         | switch.
         | 
         | The only sensible explanation is that they're trying to force
         | people to have to take these jobs by crashing the globalized
         | parts of the economy because they are obviously better than
         | starving and dying homeless.
         | 
         | All this assuming that Trump isn't just intentionally trying to
         | destroy the country.
        
         | sounds wrote:
         | > sectors like the military, construction and the automotive
         | industry each have 100K+ positions that they are unable to
         | fill. A return to manufacturing adds to that shortage.
         | 
         | Feel free to offer higher wages than the previous stagnant
         | wages.
        
         | 0x5f3759df-i wrote:
         | This is basic economics that the administration refuses to
         | understand.
         | 
         | Trade allows you to consume beyond your nation's manpower and
         | resource constraints.
         | 
         | And it's even stupider when you're putting tariffs on raw
         | materials like Canadian lumber. So not only do we need to
         | magically find millions of workers to work in these new
         | factories we also need to find a bunch of lumberjacks and start
         | cutting down our own trees? We're at 4% unemployment, who's
         | going to do this work?
         | 
         | We literally don't have the people to make this work.
        
         | dpedu wrote:
         | If this is true, why are US wages stagnating?
        
         | sdsd wrote:
         | In real life, people are spending years looking for jobs making
         | enough to barely survive. I should tell them about your video
         | you saw, if only they know.
        
         | summerlight wrote:
         | Agreed, the root of the problem is that America has relatively
         | zero modern manufacturing infrastructure and manpower,
         | especially compared to China. Those MAGA folks just don't know
         | this. Offshoring happened not just because of cheaper price;
         | China already had a much better environment even 20 years ago
         | thanks to billions of people.
        
         | spamlettuce wrote:
         | If there was a real labor demand shortage wouldn't there be
         | actual wage growth though ?
        
           | seabrookmx wrote:
           | But if wages increase so does cost of manufacturing in the
           | US, making US goods less competitive not more?
        
         | soerxpso wrote:
         | > The US doesn't have the people to do the actual manufacturing
         | 
         | I am willing to move anywhere in the US to do any manufacturing
         | job if it means that I will be paid enough to afford a house
         | with two bedrooms and basic living expenses. I have a
         | bachelor's degree and have been unable to find such an
         | arrangement. So where exactly are all of these unfilled jobs
         | that you speak of? Are they unfilled because we don't have the
         | people, or because they're trying to pay in peanuts? Unfilled
         | because we don't have the people, or because HR departments are
         | filtering away qualified resumes based on voodoo? This
         | outlandish claim you're making that we don't want to work is
         | offensive to a lot of people who are aware of their own
         | existence and know that you're spouting bullshit to trick
         | people into more wealth inequality.
         | 
         | Your 7 million young men aren't 'missing', you're just refusing
         | to hire them. The jobs don't exist.
        
         | DennisP wrote:
         | Good thing we're deporting so many people then.
        
       | codedokode wrote:
       | By chance could it be that US is still angry at those British tea
       | tariffs?
        
       | r00fus wrote:
       | Tariffs are a tax on consumer goods. They will also be
       | counterproductive to economic growth.
        
       | ggm wrote:
       | I think a lot of people assume the economic consequences like
       | these have not been understood by the WH. Although I don't like
       | this administration I beg to differ: they know what's going to
       | happen, and they expect the coming storm because they seek what
       | follows.
       | 
       | They want to repudiate foreign held debt, or devalue it, by
       | revaluation of the USD and they will wear what they think of as a
       | one time economic shock to get their reset in a belief they can
       | make it less like the Smoot-Hawley great depression because so
       | many other economic levers exist now, including floating
       | currency, MMT, and massive fintech.
       | 
       | Personally I think it's a mistake but hot takes "they have no
       | idea what's coming" are I believe naive. They know. They just
       | don't care. Some amount of foreign trade will absorb the cost.
       | Not all, not most. Not all prices in the US will rise and some
       | substitution will happen although spinning up cheap labor
       | factories again isn't going to happen in 2025. Maybe by 2027?
       | Rust belt sewing shops and Walmart grade cheap goods production
       | lines?
       | 
       | What amazes me is the timing: the midterms will hit while the
       | bottom is still chugging along. I would think it unlikely they
       | can secure an updraft from this to keep the house. What's the
       | plan for that?
        
         | maxerickson wrote:
         | If that is the plan, it's terrible. The majority of US debt is
         | domestic.
         | 
         | https://usafacts.org/articles/which-countries-own-the-most-u...
        
           | ggm wrote:
           | Yes and no. As a headline "I reduced $7t of foreign debt" is
           | pretty good. The plan appears to be to invite people to Mar a
           | Lago and offer to trade the existing debt for new instruments
           | out in the never-never.
           | 
           | Domestic debt might not be such a big deal? Who is coming to
           | collect?
        
             | maxerickson wrote:
             | So the argument is that we crashed the economy but at least
             | we screwed foreigners over and not just social security?
        
               | Jensson wrote:
               | Wasn't that the plan all along, people always said
               | "Ballooning Government debt is fine since unlike normal
               | debt Governments can just print money and never really
               | pay back the real value".
               | 
               | Someone has to get screwed over when you do that, who do
               | you suggest get screwed over?
        
               | jquery wrote:
               | That was a rainy day argument for not caring too much
               | about debt. But what's happening now is we're raiding our
               | savings account to pay for bath salts. No, it was not
               | "the plan all along".
        
               | Jensson wrote:
               | > But what's happening now is we're raiding our savings
               | account
               | 
               | What savings, USA just takes on more debt it hasn't saved
               | anything.
        
               | realusername wrote:
               | Other countries got screwed when doing that because the
               | US used to have the world currency and could print money
               | essentially without repercussions.
               | 
               | Note the past tense as this advantage is now gone with
               | Trump.
        
               | nthingtohide wrote:
               | I heard the term "bail-ins" used in this context. i.e.
               | the elites will have to suffer the devaluation.
        
               | anigbrowl wrote:
               | YES. About ~30% of people appear willing to experience a
               | loss as long as they believe they're inflicting a greater
               | loss upon other people, and this personality type is
               | baked in young. In my vier it's not a coincidence that
               | polled support for Trump consistently hovers around 30%.
               | 
               | https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.1600451
               | 
               | Not all policy is rational. Oftentimes it's atavistic.
               | Surely you have noticed by now that Trump deals in
               | emotional arguments, not reasoned ones.
        
             | seanmcdirmid wrote:
             | > Domestic debt might not be such a big deal? Who is coming
             | to collect?
             | 
             | Old people with retirement needs. A lot of that debt is
             | borrowed from SS surpluses in the past, and now the system
             | is actually in deficit (so needs what it lent out back and
             | then some). I'm all for screwing over boomers,
             | psychologically I've convinced myself they are responsible
             | for Trump and this mess (not entirely true, but the boomers
             | as a generation messed things up for us before Trump was
             | president, anyways).
        
             | tpm wrote:
             | > As a headline "I reduced $7t of foreign debt" is pretty
             | good.
             | 
             | Nobody cares about the big numbers when the wallets are
             | empty.
        
             | nl wrote:
             | So the full faith and credit of the US Treasury is thrown
             | away just like that?
             | 
             | No one collects the debt. It's just redeeming treasury
             | bonds. If they are no longer good then the sub prime crisis
             | is going to look like a minor economic wrinkle.
        
           | s1artibartfast wrote:
           | Still fits within a populist agenda. Not a lot of sympathy
           | for mutual funds and the wealthy holding treasury notes that
           | get inflated away.
           | 
           | I'm not excited that 20% of federal revenue goes pay debt
           | interest to some investors and stockholders. Especially when
           | much of the original debt spending also went into the pockets
           | of stockholders, sometimes the same ones.
           | 
           | Of course, the actual problem is lack of control and debt
           | spending, not the fact that investors exist.
           | 
           | People say that public debt doesn't matter because it
           | domestic, but the recipients and payers are different. It
           | doesn't cancel out when I'm responsible for paying taxes and
           | Vanguard or JPMorgan get the debt interest.
        
             | mahogany wrote:
             | > Still fits within a populist agenda. Not a lot of
             | sympathy for mutual funds and the wealthy holding treasury
             | notes that get inflated away.
             | 
             | Wouldn't this include average people's pensions, IRAs, etc,
             | too?
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | Yeah, national debt is splattered all around the US
               | economy, but that doesn't mean it is uniform, or the
               | payers and recipients are the same in terms of
               | participation, returns, or even time.
               | 
               | Foundationally, national debt is about passing costs into
               | the future, which also creates another huge dichotomy in
               | payers and beneficiaries. Minimal federal spending is on
               | growth, so isn't really about investment as how much
               | value can be extracted from one group to another,
               | largely, but not entirely overlapping group.
        
               | mahogany wrote:
               | > but that doesn't mean it is uniform, or the payers and
               | recipients are the same in terms of participation,
               | returns, or even time.
               | 
               | I'm not sure if I'm following, but a (let's say) 20% cut
               | to the value of an average retiree's pension account will
               | hurt much _more_ than the same cut to a diversified
               | wealthy person. This is simply because poorer people are
               | affected more by fixed costs. I don't see where the
               | populist angle comes in. Shouldn't the populist angle be
               | about targeting the "elite" specifically?
        
         | belter wrote:
         | You have seen nothing yet. Next he will want a mineral deal
         | with each country to pay back the money they _stole_ from the
         | USA in the past.  "Primate Behavior Reference 21":
         | https://youtu.be/GhxqIITtTtU
        
           | ggm wrote:
           | We even have aspiring leadership in Australia who see this as
           | a win win and have proposed offering JV in uranium, lithium
           | and rare earths. Murdoch press backs the idea, even when
           | criticism of Trump is overt they always go to "we need him
           | more than they need us" because of 50+ years of Defense
           | posture which assumes we're insured by US forces.
        
             | sitkack wrote:
             | They will hang you out to dry.
        
             | GuestFAUniverse wrote:
             | What posture? Contracts with either Russia, or the US are
             | worthless. E.g. the Budapest Memorandum?
             | 
             | " According to the three memoranda, Russia, the U.S., and
             | the U.K. confirmed their recognition of Belarus,
             | Kazakhstan, and Ukraine becoming parties to the Treaty on
             | the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and effectively
             | removing all Soviet nuclear weapons from their soil, and
             | that they agreed to the following:
             | 
             | 1. Respect the signatory's independence and sovereignty in
             | the existing borders (in accordance with the principles of
             | the CSCE Final Act).
             | 
             | 2. Refrain from the threat or use of force against the
             | territorial integrity or political independence of the
             | signatories to the memorandum, and undertake that none of
             | their weapons will ever be used against these countries,
             | except in cases of self-defense or otherwise in accordance
             | with the Charter of the United Nations.
             | 
             | 3. Refrain from economic coercion designed to subordinate
             | to their own interest the exercise by Ukraine, the Republic
             | of Belarus, and Kazakhstan of the rights inherent in its
             | sovereignty and thus to secure advantages of any kind.
             | 
             | 4. Seek immediate Security Council action to provide
             | assistance to the signatory if they "should become a victim
             | of an act of aggression or an object of a threat of
             | aggression in which nuclear weapons are used".
             | 
             | 5. Not to use nuclear weapons against any non-nuclear-
             | weapon state party to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation
             | of Nuclear Weapons, except in the case of an attack on
             | themselves, their territories or dependent territories,
             | their armed forces, or their allies, by such a state in
             | association or alliance with a nuclear weapon state.
             | 
             | 6. Consult with one another if questions arise regarding
             | those commitments. "
        
         | tootie wrote:
         | I have never caught even the slightest whiff of Trump knowing
         | what he's doing on any topic. I'm genuinely not trying to be
         | glib either, this is a sincere observation. When has he
         | publicly or privately intimated that he understands how tariffs
         | or trade work? Or energy or immigration or infrastructure or
         | technology? His public persona gives facile and misleading
         | explanations that are ostensibly just politicking, but every
         | tidbit of leaked insider accounts or hot mics or unguarded
         | moments don't show anything more than the same persona.
        
           | ggm wrote:
           | This tariff plan isn't Trumps. He co-opted Robert Lighthizer
           | last time round, He was a trade negotiator, who believes
           | strongly in protectionism.
        
             | threeseed wrote:
             | It is Howard Lutnick's plan who is the Secretary of
             | Commerce.
             | 
             | Has been widely reported that there was conflict amongst
             | the inner circle about the extent of the tariffs and that
             | it was Lutnick pushing for the most extreme version which
             | is what we ended up with.
        
               | ggm wrote:
               | Thanks for the correction. I had trouble remembering the
               | name and when I went searching Lighthizer came up first.
        
               | tootie wrote:
               | Is there a cite for that? I believe it just haven't seen
               | it. Very worrying because Lutnick was Musk's guy and that
               | puts him at least adjacent to Thiel and his cult of
               | monarchy.
        
           | lurk2 wrote:
           | > When has he publicly or privately intimated that he
           | understands how tariffs or trade work?
           | 
           | He has a Bachelor's Degree in Economics.
        
             | avgd wrote:
             | >He has a Bachelor's Degree in Economics.
             | 
             | Must have been worth as much as toilet paper considering
             | his history of bankruptcies. I would be highly suspect of
             | every person involved in letting him earn a degree in
             | anything.
             | 
             | https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2016/live-
             | updates/ge...
             | 
             | Trump's greatest talent is in lying with a straight face,
             | then finding explanations for the lies:
             | 
             | >Why the discrepancy? Perhaps this will give us an idea:
             | Trump told Washington Post reporters that he counted the
             | first three bankruptcies as just one.
             | 
             | His failed businesses include money printing machines aka
             | casinos.
        
               | briandear wrote:
               | How many successful business founders have never failed?
        
             | spacechild1 wrote:
             | Sadly, this doesn't say much. He was a terrible student by
             | all accounts.
        
               | lurk2 wrote:
               | >by all accounts
               | 
               | Which accounts?
        
               | spacechild1 wrote:
               | For example:
               | 
               | https://studyinternational.com/news/trump-student-
               | wharton/
               | 
               | https://www.phillymag.com/news/2019/09/14/donald-trump-
               | at-wh...
        
               | lurk2 wrote:
               | https://studyinternational.com/news/trump-student-
               | wharton/
               | 
               | > Despite the US president attesting to the fact that he
               | finished "top of his class" at Wharton Business School at
               | the University of Pennsylvania, his former college
               | professor, William T. Kelley, had another view.
               | 
               | > After Kelley's death, Frank DiPrima, a close friend of
               | Kelley, revealed that the professor felt the president
               | was a fool.
               | 
               | https://www.phillymag.com/news/2019/09/14/donald-trump-
               | at-wh...
               | 
               | > It was, it can be said without fear of exaggeration, a
               | day that will live in infamy. When President Donald Trump
               | emerged from his mysterious one-on-one summit with
               | Russian president Vladimir Putin in Helsinki in July of
               | 2018, the respective visages and body language of the two
               | world leaders could not have been further apart. The
               | Russian president looked smug and sated, like a vampire
               | with a bellyful of peasant blood; Trump looked like a man
               | who'd just received a painful enema.
               | 
               | Any accounts that could be taken seriously?
        
         | fspeech wrote:
         | That runs against basic financial reality. The treasuries are
         | the basis of all U.S. liquidity. Owning commercial papers or
         | stocks doesn't help as companies own treasuries. Putting
         | deposits in banks won't help either because banks hold
         | treasuries.
        
           | ggm wrote:
           | You've read up on the purported "Mar a lago" accord model?
           | The idea is to threaten a repudiated debt, or agree to
           | convert to long term non interest earning debt alternatives
           | which can't be traded.
        
             | fspeech wrote:
             | That's supposedly done with the agreement of the creditors.
             | There's never paying down of national debt over an extended
             | period of time. That's not how modern finances work. Why
             | they feel the need of cramming down friendly creditors is
             | beyond me.
        
         | DeRock wrote:
         | This is, as they say, "sanewashing". Trump is doing this out of
         | a mix of spite and a view of trade as a zero sum game. He may
         | be advised into a path to try to pivot this into a "win" by
         | large scale debt restructuring, but that is not the overarching
         | motive.
        
           | saberdancer wrote:
           | Fully agreed. Tariffs are one thing that Trump has always
           | been clear about. He likes them, he sees them as beneficial
           | and now that he has no brakes in this administration he is
           | finally going to try and put them in place.
           | 
           | There is no 4D chess.
        
             | XorNot wrote:
             | I mean it's also clear he doesn't understand them. The
             | poster he posed with today has a column labelled "tarrifs
             | charged to the USA".
             | 
             | The main feature of them was he discovered in his first
             | term he could do them unilaterally without Congress, and
             | his audience would just go along with it anyway.
        
         | r00fus wrote:
         | > I would think it unlikely they can secure an updraft from
         | this to keep the house. What's the plan for that?
         | 
         | Clearly they will "secure the vote". Massive voter
         | disenfranchisement is already taking place, it will go to the
         | next level.
        
           | threeseed wrote:
           | Elon proved this with the Wisconsin Supreme Court vote.
           | 
           | He will likely dangle hundreds of millions in front of voters
           | across the US to buy their vote without any repercussions.
           | 
           | And then make that money back through the insider dealings
           | that prioritise SpaceX et al.
        
             | apparent wrote:
             | GOP outspent Dems in WI and lost. Dems outspent GOP in FL
             | and lost.
        
               | threeseed wrote:
               | Which is a sample size of 2. We have 468 seats which are
               | up for election.
               | 
               | Musk's brazen [1] use of money will have an impact.
               | Question is how much.
               | 
               | [1] https://apnews.com/article/wisconsin-supreme-court-
               | elon-musk...
        
               | ZeroGravitas wrote:
               | Musk's money probably helps, his strange need to be a
               | visible face of this seems to possibly be backfiring.
        
           | spookie wrote:
           | The one thing I hope Americans think about is to believe in
           | democracy, and discuss with others on the other side of the
           | aisle. Really, most have voted the way they did for real,
           | valid reasons. And recognizing them is the path to heal your
           | country. Only through understanding will democracy prevail.
           | 
           | Do not spiral into dividing your own country. That is the
           | real goal of authoritarian regimes.
        
             | bagels wrote:
             | You can believe in democracy all you want, but
             | disenfranchisement really has a way of undermining it.
        
           | concordDance wrote:
           | How massive?
        
         | vitorgrs wrote:
         | The weighted average of the new U.S. tariffs will be 29% it
         | seems.
         | 
         | Maybe they know the consequences, but to give you a idea... it
         | was 1.5% before. The new ones will be equivalent to Brazilian
         | tariffs in 1989 before opening the economy (31%, data from
         | World Bank).
         | 
         | Now, Brazilian tariffs, which have one if the most closed
         | economies, by weighted average, is 7%.
         | 
         | China, have 2.2%.
         | 
         | The United States will be an autarchy, similar to how LaTam was
         | in the 70's, when tried this exact idea. The tariffs being as
         | high instantly, will impact the economy, later, the country
         | will probably grow, which is what they expect, but this is not
         | a productive grow. Because your new factories now are not
         | competing with external products, so your productivity go down,
         | this means real income will also go down.
         | 
         | So yeah, some people at best (if is not a robot doing the job)
         | will have a job in a factory, but on what he will be able to
         | spend with his wage won't make it worth even for this person.
        
           | gscott wrote:
           | I was reading an interesting article about tariffs put on
           | foreign garlic or mushrooms can't remember which, rather than
           | buying American companies just paid more for the foreign
           | product and charged higher prices. The American makers of the
           | product didn't sell more the company's just didn't care.
           | Prices will go up Americans will buy less deflation will
           | occur because they have to sell the product.
        
             | vitorgrs wrote:
             | Likely will result in worse products as well (which is what
             | happens when you remove competition).
             | 
             | LaTam is perfect example on how bad this "wide"
             | protectionism is. There's a ton of economic papers about
             | it.
             | 
             | If you really want protectionism, you could do something
             | more similar to how South Korea did, by choosing specific
             | sectors of economy you want to "protect", to create a
             | "national industry".
             | 
             | Most protectionist industrial policies also exempt imports
             | of machines and other supplies used in factories.
             | 
             | e.g. It makes no sense to put tariffs on machines used in a
             | factory in the USA. AS that would make it more expensive
             | for a factory to operate if they have to import a more
             | expensive machine from Germany. "Buy a machine from the
             | U.S", that would mean a more expensive machine likely, as
             | it only exists because of tariffs.
             | 
             | That basically means you'll have factories on best case
             | scenario, but your cars, your computers, phones, won't be
             | exported.
        
               | actionfromafar wrote:
               | It's great if you want to be self-sufficient pending a
               | great war. The way things are going, it may be the only
               | thing to justify such blatant self-sabotage, and hence
               | necessary to start one.
        
               | jajko wrote:
               | Well if you do all you can to stirr some 'great war', you
               | will eventually get it. Its only US saying there will be
               | one though, rest of the world is in WTF mode. China
               | doesn't care about anything global but Taiwan and its own
               | security. They are probably more capitalist than US at
               | this point and prefer having stable trade cash flows
               | rather than expanding.
               | 
               | So, if thats the real underlying reason for all these
               | steps then US is the warmonger here attacking literally
               | everybody preemptively. 5D chess at least.
        
               | jiggawatts wrote:
               | It can be a self-fulfilling prophecy : "We have to go to
               | war with them because they retaliated with tariffs!"
               | 
               | Trump has literally said that if Canada doesn't like the
               | tariffs, they should just let the US annex them!
        
               | pydry wrote:
               | Building up strategic industries is another reason.
               | 
               | Or, in America's case, arresting their decline.
        
               | sethammons wrote:
               | If you make everyone rely on each other, war hurts
               | everyone more and is more likely to be avoided. If going
               | to war doesn't cost you a supplier, war is more
               | palatable.
               | 
               | Global trade reduces war
        
               | realityking wrote:
               | If you think a war is coming, why would you antagonize
               | your closest allies?
        
             | bawolff wrote:
             | Short term consequences are probably different then long
             | term.
             | 
             | In the short term you can't just create a new garlic farm
             | in a day.
             | 
             | In the long term it will still be more expensive (if
             | american garlic was the cheap option they would have used
             | it from the get-go) but there will probably be more
             | adjustments then in the short term
             | 
             | That's part of the reason why these tarrifs are so stupid.
             | There is no warning on the specifics so there isnt time for
             | companies to come up with alternative plans. Given how
             | inconsistent trump is, there is also limited incentive to
             | seek alternative supply chains, because who knows if he
             | will just change his mind again.
        
           | russdill wrote:
           | This is also the start, other countries will retaliate and
           | the current administration being the current administration
           | will probably respond.
        
           | nabla9 wrote:
           | It's called _Import Substitution_.
           | 
           | Import Substitution: A Tried and Tested Policy for Failure
           | https://www.kspp.edu.in/blog/import-substitution-a-tried-
           | and...
           | 
           | >Import substitution is a policy by which the state aims to
           | increase the consumption of goods that are made domestically
           | by levying high tariffs on foreign goods. This gives an
           | advantage to the domestic manufacturers as their goods will
           | be cheaper and preferable in the market compared to foreign
           | products. India adopted this model post-independence, and it
           | continued till the 1991 reforms. Due to import substitution,
           | the domestic producers captured the entire Indian market, but
           | there was slow progress in technological advancements, and
           | the quality of Indian products was inferior to the foreign
           | manufactured ones. But after the reforms, the Indian market
           | was opened to everyone, and the consumer got the best value
           | for the price he paid. The Make in India policy of the
           | present government is reminiscent of the pre-1991 inward-
           | looking Indian state.
           | 
           | In the US it will be even worse. The US is already high-tech
           | economy outsourcing low value-adding manufacturing to foreign
           | countries while industries move towards higher value-adding
           | products. After the tariffs, US manufacturing sector will
           | sift to lower value-added, lower complexity products.
        
             | addicted wrote:
             | Yeah, but the U.S. govt funds a lot of important research
             | so it may not fall behind technologically unlike India...
             | 
             | Wait, what did you just say? The U.S. government has
             | decimated its research funding?
             | 
             | Oh, well, at least the U.S. has a lot of high quality
             | colleges churning out highly educated Americans, so that
             | still may not be as much of a problem...wait, did you say
             | Americans are increasingly turning away from college due to
             | the high costs and the resultant loans that cannot be
             | terminated even in bankruptcy, because the government has
             | been cutting back significantly on funding education for
             | years now?
             | 
             | Oh well, at least the U.S. is welcoming to immigrants who
             | have founded over 50% of unicorns and usually tend to be
             | the most dynamic and brightest slice of their country's
             | populations, so it may maintain its technological edge...
             | 
             | Wait what? Oh god.
        
               | jeltz wrote:
               | Yeah, this is one of my biggest issues with this. There
               | is no coherent plan.
        
               | Paradigma11 wrote:
               | It does look like a very coherent plan. Just not by an US
               | government.
        
             | octacat wrote:
             | It's called US companies now could increase their prices by
             | 30% and just don't worry much, if sales are pretty good
             | already for them.
        
               | nabla9 wrote:
               | US short term prices jump +9% according to the KITE model
               | for International Trade Analysis when you take tariffs
               | and counter-tariffs into account.
        
             | vitorgrs wrote:
             | Yeah. Specially because the U.S economy is service-focused
             | (and consumption as well).
             | 
             | Like, imagine now that all your computers will be more
             | expensive/worse. This will affect services from like, a law
             | firm - to a tech company. Will make harder for young buy
             | good computers and start to code, etc.
             | 
             | I say this as a Brazilian, to us Brazilians watching, this
             | is like: Why are the U.S repeating the same mistake?
             | 
             | I don't think Americans know this, but here in Brazil, we
             | also have phone, tablet and PC national brands (Positivo1,
             | Multi2, Philco3). National TV brands like Semp, AOC,
             | Mondial. A ton of home appliances brands like Mondial,
             | Philco, Britania.
             | 
             | But why Americans don't know them? Because they only exists
             | because of the tariffs. So they only exists in Brazil
             | internal market. They are worse than foreign brands, but
             | they exists because it's cheaper to buy a Mondial Kitchen
             | Stand mixer than a Kitchen Aid!
             | 
             | And worse that most of these products are only white-label
             | Chinese products, sold way more expensive than the real
             | chinese ones.
             | 
             | This also create a whole gray market. A lot of people start
             | smuggling products without import tax.
             | 
             | And this only with a 7% average tariff. Not the U.S 29%
             | lol. Brazil with 31%~ prior to the 90's was WAY worse than
             | this. A lot of brands just died when we opened a little the
             | market (Consul, Brastemp, were Brazilian big fridge,
             | Washing machine etc makers, they got bought by Whirlpool in
             | the 90's)
             | 
             | American Brands then will now look for the U.S gov to ask
             | for exceptions too, and this create a lot of corruption.
             | And after you put these tariffs and there's a whole new
             | companies made to internal market, it's almost impossible
             | to remove because of the lobby from these companies (and
             | corruption).
             | 
             | [1] https://loja.meupositivo.com.br/ [2]
             | https://www.multilaser.com.br/ [3]
             | https://www.philco.com.br/
        
               | silisili wrote:
               | Not for nothing, but Philco is/was an American brand. The
               | Phil is for Philadelphia.
               | 
               | The fact that Americans don't even recognize it anymore
               | may make a better case for the policy than against.
        
               | vitorgrs wrote:
               | In Brazil, the Philco operation was bought by Gradiente
               | (The company that sued Apple over the use of the iPhone
               | trademark) in 2005. Before that, Philco was from Itau (a
               | Brazilian bank).
               | 
               | https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gradiente_(empresa)
        
               | sethammons wrote:
               | Stop. Hold on. You just heard a solid set of examples and
               | logic on why the tariffs were bad for Brazil's consumers
               | and your takeaway was that one brand that couldn't
               | compete in the US moved to the sheltered manufacturing
               | environment and that is good?
               | 
               | The policy is good for uncompetitive manufacturing - and
               | so you are in support of it? Why is that less-competitive
               | manufacturer from Philly who couldn't compete anywhere
               | but Brazil more important than the people of that
               | country?
        
               | silisili wrote:
               | Not at all - I'm not really taking a solid stance one way
               | or another because I'm not an economist.
               | 
               | My only point was that Philco was being used as an
               | unknown crappy Brazilian brand example. It used to be an
               | American company that actually made quality things, and
               | through outsourcing and general 'physical and financial
               | enshittification' is pretty much an unknown to Americans
               | now.
               | 
               | If you're in favor of quality things being made in the
               | US, it's an argument for said policy.
        
             | brightball wrote:
             | Isn't the US the world's biggest importer?
        
             | pydry wrote:
             | >It's called Import Substitution. Import Substitution: A
             | Tried and Tested Policy for Failure
             | 
             | Which worked exceptionally well for China, South Korea,
             | Japan and pretty well for Russia and India.
        
               | Sol- wrote:
               | I think to nurture developing industries, it can be fine,
               | but at some point you have to expose them to competition
               | if you want to exceed what the domestic market can do.
        
               | pydry wrote:
               | Domestic industries DO compete - both with each other AND
               | with foreign companies which are levied with tariffs.
               | 
               | One of the reason why China's import substitution was
               | almost unreasonably effective was because domestic
               | companies were driven to compete fiercely with each
               | other.
               | 
               | (In America there is a drive to do the opposition- wall
               | street likes consolidation and oligopolies)
               | 
               | And yeah, once your national industrial ecosystem is
               | sufficiently powerful most countries suddenly get
               | religion about removing all tarriffs everywhere. This is
               | what America was like in the 90s - and they were just as
               | obnoxious about that as they are about this - the exact
               | opposite.
        
               | airstrike wrote:
               | The argument that business competition within the Chinese
               | market is stronger than within the US market is
               | objectively untenable.
        
               | pydry wrote:
               | I suppose it's just a coincidence that these days your
               | manufactured goods are predominantly stamped with "made
               | in China".
        
               | airstrike wrote:
               | That has no bearing on my point. US companies
               | purposefully outsourced to China
        
               | pydry wrote:
               | ...in part because _fierce domestic competition within
               | China_ drove quality up and prices down and in part
               | because of Chinese protectionism.
               | 
               | These days Chinese protectionism is not necessary to keep
               | the offshoring train running and only American
               | protectionism will arrest it.
        
               | airstrike wrote:
               | The US outsourced to China because of cheap labor, not
               | because Chinese products are good--precisely because US
               | companies were competing with each other and needed ways
               | to reduce prices and improve margins.
               | 
               | That this ultimately had the effect of diminishing the
               | manufacturing base in the US doesn't speak to the ability
               | of US or Chinese companies to compete.
               | 
               | China is a centrally planned economy. To argue it's more
               | competitive than the US is again not tenable.
        
               | pydry wrote:
               | >The US outsourced to China because of cheap labor
               | 
               | Yeah, in 2003. The US offshores to Bangladesh or vietnam
               | for cheap labor now and has for a long time.
               | 
               | Manufacturing is offshored to China simply because it
               | cant be done in the US at anything resembling a
               | reasonable cost, not because labor is cheaper. That is
               | because the Chinese industrial ecosystem is unparalleled.
               | 
               | >China is a centrally planned economy. To argue it's more
               | competitive than the US is again not tenable.
               | 
               | The economic dogma of the late 90s is getting a little
               | long in the tooth now. Not least because it was
               | completely blindsided by the rise of China.
               | 
               | It turned out that the most effectively run economies
               | were a hybrid of distributed and centrally planned (China
               | has open internal markets while credit allocation is
               | largely centrally planned).
        
               | jabl wrote:
               | There was a lot of other stuff than just import
               | substitution in the Asian miracle. See
               | https://www.astralcodexten.com/p/book-review-how-asia-
               | works
        
             | jeswin wrote:
             | > The Make in India policy of the present government is
             | reminiscent of the pre-1991 inward-looking Indian state.
             | 
             | Have you seen the 70s or the 80s? I was a child during the
             | 1980s when India was a socialist state. There were very few
             | private enterprises, because there was absolutely zero
             | government support. Taxation peaked at 90% during the early
             | 1970s under Indira Gandhi, who also nationalized many of
             | the largest private companies - because private enterprise
             | was seen as a bad thing. It was also impossible to bring in
             | foreign investment, because that would come with profit
             | motives.
             | 
             | Basically, the comparison you're drawing is not really
             | accurate. The current Make in India plan is very similar to
             | the US bringing in strategic manufacturing back into the
             | US; a plan which has had bipartisan support (for example,
             | the CHIPS Act). It incentivizes businesses (including
             | foreign companies) to set up manufacturing units in India.
             | And is quite the opposite of what was happening during
             | India's socialist era.
        
               | FirmwareBurner wrote:
               | _> It incentivizes businesses (including foreign
               | companies) to set up manufacturing units in India._
               | 
               | That type of protective policy works for India in
               | incentivizing manufacturers to come build locally because
               | Indian labor is still dirt cheap and the government will
               | work with you to give you what you need without the pesky
               | nimbyism, environmentalism, etc getting in the way of
               | factories. US is not in the same case.
        
               | nabla9 wrote:
               | India can grow at 10% but import substitution policy
               | could hurt that, Arvind Panagariya says
               | https://theprint.in/theprint-otc/india-can-grow-
               | at-10-but-im...
        
               | jeswin wrote:
               | From the article:
               | 
               | > Even though Make in India is not a classic import
               | substitution case, it aimed to reach that end.
               | 
               | So it's not really import substitution. But let's ignore
               | that article, it's not a serious piece anyway.
               | 
               | A key idea of Make in India is to make and export - which
               | means that unlike socialist-era import substitution (via
               | tariffs and permissions), the ones which aren't good
               | enough will fail fast and cheap. It won't lead to people
               | driving HM Ambassador cars for 40 years.
               | 
               | Whether Make in India will succeed or fail is a very
               | different matter, of course.
        
             | clydethefrog wrote:
             | Quite a coincidence, I was reading this LRB essay [1] this
             | morning by British political philosopher and historian
             | Perry Anderson, analysing the last decade of political and
             | economic (lack of) change in the West. He ended with this
             | paragraph, I had to look up "import substitution" and then
             | in this thread about the tariffs I see it mentioned again,
             | there might be similarities with Trump and Getulio Vargas.
             | Any people more knowledgable in Brazilian economics want to
             | chime in?
             | 
             | >Does that mean that until a coherent set of economic and
             | political ideas, comparable to Keynesian or Hayekian
             | paradigms of old, has taken shape as an alternative way of
             | running contemporary societies, no serious change in the
             | existing mode of production can be expected? Not
             | necessarily. Outside the core zones of capitalism, at least
             | two alterations of great moment occurred without any
             | systematic doctrine imagining or proposing them in advance.
             | One was the transformation of Brazil with the revolution
             | that brought Getulio Vargas to power in 1930, when the
             | coffee exports on which its economy relied collapsed in the
             | Slump and recovery was pragmatically stumbled on by import
             | substitution, without the benefit of any advocacy in
             | advance.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v47/n06/perry-
             | anderson/regim...
        
           | DeathArrow wrote:
           | >The United States will be an autarchy, similar to how LaTam
           | was in the 70's, when tried this exact idea. The tariffs
           | being as high instantly, will impact the economy, later, the
           | country will probably grow, which is what they expect, but
           | this is not a productive grow. Because your new factories now
           | are not competing with external products, so your
           | productivity go down, this means real income will also go
           | down.
           | 
           | If what you say is true, tarrifs should not exist in any
           | country. And yet, most countries are using tarrifs.
           | 
           | What if a particular country is using dumping and sell at
           | prices so low, it will kill a particular industry? And after
           | they kill it, they start jacking prices at unseen levels and
           | you will have to pay because you don't have a choice?
        
             | vitorgrs wrote:
             | Most countries do specific tariffs on areas of the economy
             | they want to develop/protect them.
             | 
             | If a country is doing price dumping, there's even legal
             | ways of protecting these sectors, by applying to WTO (but
             | the U.S basically killed the WTO). But even if the U.S
             | don't trust the WTO, they could apply antidumping tariffs
             | to these specific sectors (like the 100% tariffs Biden
             | administration did to EVs).
             | 
             | U.S is not doing this right now, it's protecting "all
             | sectors" of the economy. There's no other reasonable
             | developed country with a 29% tariff.
             | 
             | You can check here:
             | https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/TM.TAX.MRCH.WM.AR.ZS
             | 
             | You'll also notice that most developed or growing economics
             | have low tariffs...
        
             | razakel wrote:
             | >And yet, most countries are using tarrifs.
             | 
             | On specific industries they want to protect. Not completely
             | across the board.
        
               | carlosjobim wrote:
               | VAT on imports are across the board, as far as consumer
               | goods go.
        
               | detaro wrote:
               | VAT by definition applies to domestic products as well,
               | and is thus not putting foreign sellers at a
               | disadvantage.
        
               | carlosjobim wrote:
               | Domestic producers can redeem part of their VAT, which
               | foreign producers can't, effectively making it a tariff.
               | Also European countries apply their own bona-fide tariffs
               | to foreign imports, which anybody who has imported into
               | the EU has experienced. It is stated "tariff" on the bill
               | you receive from customs and in the law that regulates
               | said tariff, and in your accounting for expenses if you
               | are a business. But now we have to pretend these tariffs
               | do not exist? What kind of game is this? Has everybody
               | became psychopaths?
        
               | roflyear wrote:
               | VAT is like a sales-tax but along the supply chain (with
               | credits) - so it's like a complicated sales-tax.
               | 
               | If you want to use that for argument, you should include
               | US sales taxes in the calculation too. Which could be
               | fair, I guess.
        
           | mytailorisrich wrote:
           | China has many tariffs and non-tariffs restrictions. They are
           | targeted as tariffs tend to be (well...).
           | 
           | For instance, tariffs on cars vary from 25% to 47%. It is
           | quite the status symbol to drive an imported car.
           | 
           | Their policy has always been to develop their own car
           | industry, so foreign manufacturers had to set up factories in
           | the country but even that could not be fully foreign-owned
           | and had to be through a joint-venture with a local
           | manufacturer. I believe Tesla's Gigafactory in Shanghai
           | (opened in 2019) was the first fully foreign-owned car
           | factory they allowed.
        
           | danmaz74 wrote:
           | By the way, what I find most baffling in these discussions is
           | that these calculations are always based only on physical
           | goods, ignoring services, where the US usually has a positive
           | balance - eg, with the EU, the US has a 109B positive
           | balance. In our economies, which are more and more service
           | based, why are services ignored?
        
             | stakhanov wrote:
             | Services are ignored by Trump for precisely the reason you
             | mention. The big question is: What will other countries do,
             | like Germany, who tend to export goods to the U.S. but
             | import services. Right now, those are the countries who
             | would rather prevent this thing from escalating, but if
             | escalation it must be and they run out of ammunition within
             | the scope of tariffs on goods, where will they go next?
        
               | poincaredisk wrote:
               | Tariffs on services may also be less popular with the
               | citizens. It's not obvious that the locally produced
               | fridge is only cheaper because of tariffs. It will be
               | more obvious that everyone non-EU based pays more. It
               | will also be harder to control (how will EU extract
               | tariffs for payments I do to companies with no EU
               | presence?)
               | 
               | But I don't how much about it, maybe these are already
               | solved problems. After all VAT already exists and faces
               | similar challenges.
        
             | AnimalMuppet wrote:
             | There are two kinds of "services". You have jobs that are
             | in finance and software, which make good money, and you
             | have jobs in cosmetology and fast food, which have terrible
             | pay. The services that we export are the former.
             | 
             | Your high school grad (or high school dropout) isn't going
             | to get one of those finance or software jobs. But they
             | could get a factory job, if we can get those back.
             | 
             | So the best spin I could put on this is that the emphasis
             | is on physical goods because that's where the people who
             | are hurting in the current economy could find real work.
             | 
             | (Of course, if that were the case, the reasonable thing to
             | do would be to _explain_ that, instead of just acting like
             | services didn 't exist as something that is traded.)
        
           | mapt wrote:
           | It's hard to imagine that there's a way they thought this
           | through in several redundant dimensions.
           | 
           | I understand rationally that there was an economy before the
           | US plunged the world into neoliberalist global free trade in
           | order to build its trade empire, and there will probably be
           | an economy after... but likely not a US trade empire.
           | 
           | But another thing is investment uncertainty. The mechanism by
           | which protectionist tariffs are supposed to work functions
           | over a timespan of a decade or two - foreign imported goods
           | are made more expensive, and so when investors believe
           | they're confident in future tariff conditions, they spend
           | money on domestic factories to produce goods, which have a
           | large setup cost and gradually pay back the difference
           | relative to their good-importer competitors that are paying
           | high tariffs.
           | 
           | If investors can't form a confident prediction on future
           | tariff conditions, investors can't invest; The sheer
           | uncertainty of having a lunatic making up random numbers for
           | every country over lunch and then rolling them out at close
           | of market is instead going to scare them off. Trump has gone
           | back and forth over tariffs with Canada and Mexico over the
           | past couple months, and this doesn't just demonstrate that
           | tariffs can be set extraordinarily high for arbitrary
           | reasons, but that they can be set back to zero for arbitrary
           | reasons. Both of these transitions cause economic ruin for
           | one investor or other; If it's going to happen every few
           | months then nobody is going to build factories or launch
           | import supplychains, at least not for competitive prices. The
           | risk of going bankrupt tomorrow (or in four years when the
           | next administration takes over and abruptly cancels every
           | tariff) on what is basically a coinflip then gets priced into
           | consumer goods for both producers and importers.
           | 
           | The most frustrating of Trump's projects are not just when he
           | shreds your rights or shreds precedent or tries to topple the
           | government, but when he looks favorably at a policy you think
           | is a good idea (like having a manufacturing sector) and
           | chooses to pursue it by running around with a flamethrower
           | setting everything ablaze because on some lever somebody's
           | taught him about the Broken Windows Fallacy wrong, as a joke,
           | and he's upgraded it. During his administration, we circle
           | the wagons and declare that the policy is a terrible idea.
           | Post-Trump, the absolute ruin that the execution of that
           | policy predictably brought will discredit it for the rest of
           | your adult life.
        
         | jimnotgym wrote:
         | If they hold the midterms...
        
           | briandear wrote:
           | Is this a thought held by any serious person? The only major
           | country to indefinitely postpone an election recently has
           | been Ukraine. This idea that the midterms wouldn't be held is
           | tin foil nonsense.
        
             | chimprich wrote:
             | Ukraine hasn't postponed elections indefinitely. They have
             | postponed them until they are no longer at war.
             | 
             | Other countries have effectively gone from moderately
             | democratic elections to sham elections. Turkey is one major
             | country that is going through this process at the moment.
        
         | jquery wrote:
         | This sounds like typical NYT sane-washing. After the Signal
         | fiasco I've lost all confidence this administration is secretly
         | super competent but just refuses to let any of us see it. There
         | is no big plan here. This is just an old man surrounded by too
         | many yes-men.
        
           | api wrote:
           | There is also a camp of ideologues that don't care if they
           | implode the economy if they get to LARP the TV version of the
           | 1950s. Imploding the economy might even make it easier to
           | sell traditionalist politics.
        
         | NicoJuicy wrote:
         | Of course they don't know. Should be obvious by now.
         | 
         | They are not experts in the field. But loyalists for a trump
         | autocracy
        
         | philistine wrote:
         | Trump 2 is as far from Trump 1 as Trump 1 was from W. Bush.
        
           | DidYaWipe wrote:
           | And now W looks like a respectable statesman by comparison.
           | And by comparison, he is.
        
             | CapricornNoble wrote:
             | Even during the first Trump Presidency I would see meme
             | images of Bush Jr. captioned "Miss me yet?"
        
           | MandieD wrote:
           | Trump makes Clinton look like a gentleman and Bush Jr. look
           | like a scholar.
        
         | porridgeraisin wrote:
         | The 2nd paragraph is 100% accurate.
        
         | kilroy123 wrote:
         | I think this is what's going on:
         | 
         | https://youtu.be/cmTeg0B9tH8?si=yhIAg45FCBUW40mI
        
           | nthingtohide wrote:
           | Japan Joins CHINA To Strike Back On U.S. Trade Punishments!
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZOz4UgTW5-0
           | 
           | I recommend reading the summary of the video if you don't
           | have time.
        
         | aiauthoritydev wrote:
         | I have followed writings of the many in this administration,
         | seen their interviews etc. Anyone who thinks there is a "5D
         | chess", "the plan" etc. is purely drinking cope here.
         | 
         | > cheap labor factories again isn't going to happen in 2025
         | 
         | It is not going to happen ever unless we plan to move people
         | from better paying jobs in McDonalds and WellsFargo to China
         | styled factories or we allow much higher immigration levels
         | from South America.
         | 
         | Trump admin and his advisors genuinely believe that tariffs are
         | good, that they will create factories and jobs within USA and
         | enable white families to raise families on a single income.
         | They think rest of the world's existence is a mistake, they
         | hate Europe, China, India and South America. They don't know
         | much about Africa and admire Russia.
        
           | DidYaWipe wrote:
           | They didn't learn from the last time, when U.S. soybean
           | farmers got screwed (the first time) and other countries
           | established alternate supply chains that of course didn't
           | involve the U.S. at all.
           | 
           | As the USA makes itself a trade pariah and other countries
           | forge new relationships amongst themselves, we're permanently
           | devalued. The world will (continue to) move on without a
           | backward-looking, unreliable, sad, and obnoxious USA.
        
             | aiauthoritydev wrote:
             | Trump's inner circle like Navarro, Miller etc. do not give
             | two hoots about Soybean farmers or anyone else. They think
             | poverty is a good thing if helps their view of
             | "nationalism".
        
             | mrguyorama wrote:
             | >They didn't learn from the last time, when U.S. soybean
             | farmers got screwed
             | 
             | They absolutely learned. They learned those soybean farmers
             | they screwed through outright incompetence or being too
             | stupid to govern would still consume their propaganda and
             | happily vote for them again.
        
         | addicted wrote:
         | Why don't you look up how they came up with those tariff
         | numbers and come back and tell us that this is some
         | sophisticated economics at play here.
        
           | ggm wrote:
           | I didn't say this is sophisticated.
           | 
           | I said they expect the outcomes people are complaining about.
           | They've workshopped this, and are aware how this is playing
           | out. I would be very surprised if there is a significant leak
           | of "we didn't expect this" anytime soon.
           | 
           | Trump believes in tariffs, I don't.
        
             | briandear wrote:
             | Apparently much of the rest of the world believes in them
             | as well: almost every country has tariffs and had them long
             | before Trump.
        
               | amanaplanacanal wrote:
               | Usually targetted tariffs to protect specific industries,
               | not across the board like this. This is next level.
        
         | nabla9 wrote:
         | >They want to repudiate foreign held debt, or devalue it, by
         | revaluation of the USD
         | 
         | Devaluing dollar does not reduce debt measured in dollars. It
         | only makes US debt less valuable to forefingers.
         | 
         | Devaluing dollar can work well only if foreign investments into
         | US stop or reverse. _" foreign investors at the end of last
         | year owned 18% of U.S. stocks, according to Goldman Sachs"_ The
         | trend has already reversed
         | https://www.reuters.com/markets/us/foreign-demand-us-assets-...
         | Killing foreign demand for US assets more permanently is
         | possible but it means financial market crash.
         | 
         | What WILL happen is recession. Atlanta Fed GDPNow dropped from
         | -2.8 to -3.7 percent in a week.
         | https://www.atlantafed.org/cqer/research/gdpnow?date=2025-04...
        
           | lwhi wrote:
           | I thought the US gov is hoping that debt is relinquished as
           | part of negotiations, is that not the case?
        
             | nabla9 wrote:
             | That's a crazy showertought. WH might actually consider it.
             | 
             | After hypothetical successful debt relinquish negotiations,
             | any new US debt would have similar interest rate to
             | Argentinian debt, 30% or so. Wall Street would shrink and
             | London (or Frankfurt) would become new global financial
             | center.
             | 
             | In reality, countries do just as what they do now. They
             | raise counter-tariffs. The US faces coutertariffs from
             | everyone. Other countries only from the US. Trade between
             | countries other increase and they gradually adjust.
             | Europeans start buying less iPhones and buy more Androids
             | made in South Korea. Less Fords more Nissan.
        
               | nottorp wrote:
               | > Europeans start buying less iPhones
               | 
               | I wonder... they're all made in China anyway. And shipped
               | from there directly, not through the US. I'm sure that
               | either the US tariffs won't apply to them, or Apple will
               | shuffle some subsidiaries so they don't.
        
               | tonyedgecombe wrote:
               | Buying goods from American corporations is going to leave
               | a sour taste in the mouth for Europeans now.
        
               | nottorp wrote:
               | Yeah but for smartphones you have two choices, both
               | American.
               | 
               | Don't tell me it matters who makes the hardware, it's the
               | OS that sets the experience.
        
               | conceptme wrote:
               | Samsung and apple?
        
               | nottorp wrote:
               | Apple and google. Read both lines of my post.
        
               | dragandj wrote:
               | Most (if not all) Fords bought in Europe are actually
               | made in Germany (AFAIR).
        
           | RachelF wrote:
           | Foreign countries like Japan and China own around $1.8T in US
           | bonds. These are valued in dollars, like stocks.
        
             | nabla9 wrote:
             | Yes. That's what I said "Devaluing dollar does not reduce
             | debt measured in dollar"
             | 
             | The US would still have to pay the debt in Dollars.
             | Devaluation affects currency exchange rates. Debt would be
             | less valuable in Yen and Renminbi but just as expensive for
             | the US government.
        
             | nthingtohide wrote:
             | Doesn't Europe and Japan have dollar swap lines with US? So
             | ultimately it is US buying its own bonds through Japan to
             | create an illusion that there exists enough external
             | demand.
        
           | dsign wrote:
           | I certainly don't understand enough of economics, but:
           | 
           | - If everything overnight costs 20% more for the American
           | consumer, it equals 20% less disposable income and less
           | purchasing power.
           | 
           | - US companies, even the few ones not directly affected by
           | tariffs, are going to be hit by less demand, and that in the
           | aggregate is going to affect the performance of all American
           | companies.
           | 
           | - So, it makes sense to dump as much American stock (and
           | perhaps other instruments) as rationally possible.
           | 
           | The rest of the world is also going to feel the shock, though
           | at this point is unknowable to what extent, and it also
           | depends on the policies governments outside USA enact. In
           | Sweden for example, we react to imported USA inflation by
           | increasing central bank rates and catapulting the country
           | into recession, and I totally see that happening in the next
           | few weeks. Even it does not, it is what the public expects,
           | and already many may be reigning in on consumption and
           | investment. And dumping American stocks like crazy.
        
           | ggm wrote:
           | https://www.nordea.com/en/news/mar-a-lago-accord-
           | explained-a...
           | 
           | https://think.ing.com/articles/mar-a-lago-
           | accord-10-question...
           | 
           | https://www.forbes.com/sites/eriksherman/2025/02/23/why-
           | trum...
           | 
           | https://www.lowyinstitute.org/the-interpreter/unpacking-
           | mar-...
        
         | zzzeek wrote:
         | bit of an 11 dimensional chess answer. Senator Chris Murphy has
         | a much better explanation, which is simply this is Trump's way
         | of holding private industry hostage [1]. The tariffs will be
         | incrementally removed as various private industries give him
         | loyalty pledges just as he is doing with large law firms and
         | universities. that's it! so simple.
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://bsky.app/profile/chrismurphyct.bsky.social/post/3llu...
        
         | exe34 wrote:
         | > . I would think it unlikely they can secure an updraft from
         | this to keep the house. What's the plan for that?
         | 
         | given that they've done most of the things they accuse others
         | of, I wouldn't be surprised if they win by 110%.
        
         | aredox wrote:
         | Trump wasted his inheritance and has been several times in
         | bankruptcies - and not "I took risks" bankrupt, more "I f*cked
         | up" and "I lied" bankruptcies.
         | 
         | Why do you think we are naive and you aren't?
        
         | isoprophlex wrote:
         | > the midterms will hit while the bottom is still chugging
         | along. I would think it unlikely they can secure an updraft
         | from this to keep the house. What's the plan for that?
         | 
         | There won't be any elections. We will stick with Trumpism. We
         | will be our own best friends, Morty. The outside world will be
         | our enemy. We will do great things Morty, we will do the
         | greatest things. A Trump administration for a 100 years. A
         | Trump administration forever. Over and over. Running around,
         | the Trump administration forever.
        
         | seanmcdirmid wrote:
         | Foreign debt is held in US treasuries, surely they know that?
         | Trump can decide that treasuries can no longer be redeemed, but
         | foreigners only hold 20% of them, so...he would have to somehow
         | make them selectively redeemable, and anyways, there would go
         | the USA's credit, unless you mean other countries can bribe
         | Trump with treasuries to bring down their tariff? They could
         | also depreciate the USD reducing its debt in real terms but
         | that will most definitely cause hyper inflation along with
         | tariffs.
         | 
         | They have no plan, not even a concept of a plan. Trump is just
         | hoping that he can get lucky with a good outcome, but that is
         | really improbable. This is a huge opportunity for China though
         | if they make deals with everyone else to the exclusion of the
         | USA.
         | 
         | Even the idea of moving production back the USA is misguided,
         | we are already at low unemployment, and haven't made enough
         | investments in automation like the Chinese are doing ATM. I
         | doubt China will let us import that tech to setup our own
         | factories quickly without worrying about who will work them.
        
         | peterlada wrote:
         | I hold a more pessimistic view of the cause and I do agree with
         | your argument that they do know the consequences. But they
         | don't care for another reason.
         | 
         | The plutocracy has fully captured the government and now seeks
         | its ultimate goal: complete transfer of all tax burden to the
         | 99%. For this end they cut the government spending, wrecking
         | the democracy and they impose tariffs to generate fake
         | temporary revenues, so they can argue that the huge tax cut
         | (dwarfing all that came before) is economically sound and fully
         | justified.
         | 
         | This will wreck the global economy and with the coming bad
         | times (wars, famine, extreme migration) nobody will have the
         | presence or the governmental weight to rein in these few rich
         | man.
        
         | refurb wrote:
         | This explanation doesn't make sense because dollar denominated
         | debt doesn't change with devaluation.
         | 
         | What is the more likely explanation is all the countries with
         | trade surpluses will feel the pain long before the US and agree
         | to much better terms than before.
         | 
         | The PM of Canada had already indicated progress is being made
         | on their trade deal.
        
           | bigfudge wrote:
           | The US already had pretty favourable trade deals with most of
           | the world. The trade deficit wasn't because of tariff
           | barriers to US goods overseas.
        
             | refurb wrote:
             | But the countries hit with high tariffs have specifically
             | uneven trade arrangements.
             | 
             | When countries put a high tariff on US goods while enjoying
             | low or no tariffs when exporting to the US - that's an
             | unfair arrangement.
        
               | grey-area wrote:
               | No, they do not.
               | 
               | Vietnam for example: US 46% tariff, Vietnam average 15%
               | tariffs.
               | 
               | This will hurt the US far more than it hurts other
               | countries, as other countries will just start to bypass
               | the US and trade with other nations.
               | 
               | Who would trust goods from the US or having them as part
               | of your supply chain after this?
        
               | refurb wrote:
               | The tariff's aren't entirely based on the trade deficit.
               | Vietnam artificially keeps its currency undervalued to
               | boost exports.
               | 
               | Trade with other nations?
               | 
               | These are exports to the US, which is 25% of the world's
               | GDP.
               | 
               | Who is going to replace that demand?
               | 
               | You think Vietnam, where 30% of GDP are US exports, is
               | going to be hurt less than the US where Vietnam makes up
               | 3.9% of imports?
        
               | grey-area wrote:
               | Does every country in the world maliciously connive to
               | keep their currency low vs the dollar? Currency
               | valuations are not tariffs and it is absurd to compare
               | them to a tariff.
               | 
               | These tariffs are a huge mistake according to almost
               | every mainstream economist, I hope instead of parroting
               | the party line you'll be able to admit their failure in a
               | few years.
        
               | refurb wrote:
               | Vietnam does manipulate its currency. It's not something
               | that hasn't been widely discussed for the past decade or
               | more.
               | 
               | And if you artificially keep your exchange rate 10%
               | higher, that's an effective 10% tariff on US imports.
               | 
               | I have no idea if the tariffs will work but I don't fault
               | a country for saying "we're matching the tariffs you
               | apply to our exports"
        
               | grey-area wrote:
               | > Vietnam does manipulate its currency.
               | 
               | So does every country in the world, this is neither
               | surprising nor reason to slap tariffs on imports (which
               | will hurt US consumers).
               | 
               | > I have no idea if the tariffs will work
               | 
               | We have lots of examples from history of tariffs not
               | working, so there is that. They lead to trade wars, and
               | then sometimes to real wars, never to prosperity.
               | 
               | The unparalleled prosperity the US enjoyed in the last
               | few decades before 2008 was driven by open global trade
               | and being the currency of last resort and the centre of
               | world markets. I think there is a lot of complacency in
               | the US about that position, and we're seeing the
               | beginning of the end.
        
         | yibg wrote:
         | The bring manufacturing back to the US never made sense to be
         | numbers wise.
         | 
         | Thing A is currently manufactured in China | Vietnam | whatever
         | lower cost country and sold for $x today. Slap on 50% tariffs
         | so now it costs $1.5x. That provides an incentive to produce
         | thing A locally sure.
         | 
         | But if you can already produce thing A locally for $x, you
         | wouldn't have offshored the production in the first place.
         | Maybe producing thing A locally will cost less than $1.5x, but
         | it'll still be more than $x. So cost still end up increasing.
         | 
         | Am I missing something?
        
           | christkv wrote:
           | Two typical scenarios that we know from the past in
           | industries like cars for example.
           | 
           | Corp one has two factories one smaller one in the us one
           | bigger one in the eu. They will now shift more of the
           | production to the us from eu to avoid tariffs.
           | 
           | Corp two only has a factory in the eu. They will now build
           | another factory in the us to be able to avoid tariffs and
           | keep selling their goods at competitive prices.
        
             | yibg wrote:
             | If corp two could have factories in the US and still sell
             | them at competitive prices they would've done that already
             | no? The fact that they haven't indicates it didn't make
             | economic sense. So then doing so would mean their costs
             | would go up, which would either mean they have to eat the
             | extra cost and reduce profit or pass the extra cost to
             | consumers.
        
               | christkv wrote:
               | They can only pass the extra costs if there is no
               | competition and they can only eat the costs if their
               | margin is big enough to absorb the cost and still remain
               | profitable. If their us market share is important they
               | will shift their production around to the us or somewhere
               | that has a favorable trade agreement with the us.
        
               | yibg wrote:
               | The stated goal of tariffs is to force companies to shift
               | production back to the US. But US production costs more,
               | hence the outsourcing in the first place, so shifting
               | production back to the US increases cost.
               | 
               | If costs goes up then either prices go up too or margins
               | go down or a mix of both.
        
             | yaris wrote:
             | Forgive me my ignorance, but: parts from which cars are
             | assembled (or raw materials from which parts are
             | manufactured), are also subject to tariffs, aren't they? So
             | the only shift that would happen is that of the labour (and
             | US labour is not the cheapest, IIRC).
        
               | christkv wrote:
               | No those factories will shift too its a domino effect.
        
               | ncallaway wrote:
               | The problem with this theory is the tariffs will both
               | have to remain in place for a decade _and_ businesses
               | will have to believe that they 'll remain in place for a
               | decade for that to pan out.
               | 
               | Nobody is building a new factory, based on tariffs that
               | they expect to be gone in three years time.
        
               | reverius42 wrote:
               | Three years? I'll be surprised if the tariffs last three
               | months.
        
               | piva00 wrote:
               | They will only shift if it's predictable that the tariff
               | policy will stay for long enough to recoup the high
               | capital investments of building a whole new factory just
               | to serve the internal market.
               | 
               | For many industries it might not make sense unless it's a
               | 5-10 years long plan, the risk of investing a lot to
               | build a new factory, bringing it online over the next 2-3
               | years, to then have tariffs removed and making your new
               | shiny factory more expensive to run than one outside of
               | the country, will also be factored into the total cost.
               | 
               | The tariffs are so broadly applied that the risk factor
               | is much more massive than anything the USA experienced
               | before (like during the Japanese cars era of the
               | 70s/80s), it's wishful thinking the domino effect will
               | happen in the short/medium-term.
        
               | Someone wrote:
               | They would in the current scenario, yes, but the OP said
               | _"Two typical scenarios that we know from the past in
               | industries like cars for example"_
               | 
               | In the past, countries would put tariffs on importing
               | cars, but not on importing car parts (with some complex
               | definition of what constitutes a car and a car part.
               | IIRC, there once was a loophole where one imported a car
               | and converted it into a van by removing back seats to
               | avoid a tax on importing vans)
        
               | carlosjobim wrote:
               | For manufacturing physical goods, labour cost is a small
               | percentage of the total cost of the good. Why is this?
               | Because modern labourers are extremely productive: they
               | are highly skilled at their jobs and use very efficient
               | tools and machines to do their jobs.
        
             | anothernewdude wrote:
             | No corporation is building a factory based on a policy that
             | has a lifetime of four years.
        
               | christkv wrote:
               | 3-4 years is a LONG time in business. I do not know how
               | long the tariffs will last. Maybe they will come to a
               | deal next week maybe not. but if they stick around
               | businesses will move stuff to the us. I'm saying this as
               | an EU citizen.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | 3-4 years is a very short time for developing land in the
               | US, anywhere near population centers. You're looking at
               | that much time just to get permitting done,
               | optimistically.
        
               | ttw44 wrote:
               | 3-4 years is not long at all in this context. Most places
               | take that long to get permits, and additional years to
               | build the factories, and additional years to even become
               | profitable and self sustainable in ideal circumstances.
        
               | rainsford wrote:
               | It's not a long time if you're talking making massive
               | capital investments into things like new factories or
               | capacity.
               | 
               | Your second sentence indicates the more significant
               | problem though, because that uncertainty on timelines
               | makes even the 3-4 year time horizon questionable. Nobody
               | is going to invest anything based on tariffs that may go
               | away or change next week and the only way you can tell if
               | they're sticking around is waiting so long you don't have
               | time to make the investment any more.
               | 
               | It _might_ be different if Trump came in with a clear,
               | transparent tariff plan on day one. But they 're already
               | all over the place and being implemented in extremely
               | unpredictable ways. Some people might argue his
               | unpredictability is an asset in general, but it's
               | absolutely not in this case.
        
             | chimprich wrote:
             | > They will now build another factory in the us to be able
             | to avoid tariffs and keep selling their goods at
             | competitive prices
             | 
             | They won't be competitive prices though; they'll have to
             | charge more because of the capital costs in setting up a
             | whole new factory and supply chains, increased labour
             | costs, and having to pay tariffs on importing parts.
             | 
             | I imagine that not being able to export cars from this
             | factory due to reciprocal tarrifs will also drive up
             | prices, due to things like lost flexibility, redundancy,
             | and economies of scale.
        
               | UncleMeat wrote:
               | And it isn't like we have especially high unemployment
               | right now. There isn't a labor force available to
               | suddenly staff a bunch of factories even if they took
               | zero time and capital to set up.
        
               | carlosjobim wrote:
               | That's the entire point of it all. I think you are the
               | only person in this thread who gets it. When there isn't
               | a labour force available, you have to increase salaries
               | to get workers. This means other industries and
               | businesses have to increase salaries to keep their
               | workers, giving a domino effect - meaning higher salaries
               | for workers across the board. It might even mean that
               | shit industries can't find any workers and have to close
               | shop. For example the restaurant industry.
               | 
               | This also means higher prices across the board for
               | consumer goods, but the worker still net benefits
               | greatly.
               | 
               | Who does not benefit: The people who do not work. And
               | that's fine. But it's also this class of people who make
               | the entire political and media class, and hacker class
               | apparently, so that's why we have this enormous
               | resistance.
        
               | UncleMeat wrote:
               | The tariffs aren't set at like 10,000%.
               | 
               | "Domestic production will replace imports" is conditioned
               | on the cost of domestic production being lower than the
               | cost of imports with the tariffs added. "Just spin up new
               | factories with capital investment, raise wages
               | substantially to get people to change careers from
               | service industries, and train all these new people" isn't
               | going to be a cheaper approach to building furniture than
               | continuing to import it from Vietnam with a high tariff.
               | 
               | The effect will be minimal new domestic manufacturing and
               | higher prices for large numbers of goods.
        
               | carlosjobim wrote:
               | I think you fail to account for just how little a salary
               | needs to be increased for it to be interesting to switch
               | jobs for the people who are making the lowest wages. In
               | Europe, people compare wages with single digit
               | differences per hour when deciding for switches in jobs
               | and careers.
               | 
               | And low paid workers in the service sector aren't low
               | skilled and costly to get going. They're intelligent and
               | honest, and would be fine workers in manufacturing if
               | given the opportunity. They're working in the service
               | sector because those jobs couldn't be off-shored.
        
             | alkonaut wrote:
             | In the first scenario the investment isn't astronomical,
             | and if there is surplus capacity you can definitely shift
             | around to avoid tariffs. I think Volvo already announced
             | this wrt. to their US plants. They can take some production
             | from the EU or China and use capacity in the US to build
             | cars. The parts are still imported from China and the EU so
             | will be more expensive, but they still seem to think this
             | can help.
             | 
             | But the second scenario is a massive investment. It not
             | only requires the economics of it to work today, it
             | requires knowing what the situation is 1 or 2 decades down
             | the line. You can't build a car factory in two years.
             | Barely in four. And even if you do, it doesn't matter if
             | it's likely to operate at a loss in 8 years!
             | 
             | The most important thing for that type of investment is
             | stability and predictability, not just "the costs will be
             | lower for at least 2 years now! or maybe 2weeks we don't
             | know since the tariffs seem to come and go depending on
             | which side of bed the local czar wakes up on".
        
             | megaman821 wrote:
             | You just made me think of another scenario, Corp three has
             | mostly idle factories at important locations around the
             | world but designs their factory lines to be packable and
             | shippable around the world to hedge against tariffs. The
             | carrying-cost of buildings is considered insurance.
        
           | refurb wrote:
           | The missing piece is not all costs are passed on to
           | consumers.
           | 
           | Company absorb costs all the time. If you think cutting your
           | price by 10% will boost sales by 20%, you do it because total
           | profit is higher even though per unit profit is lower.
           | 
           | And the reverse is true - companies might increase prices and
           | accept lower volume.
           | 
           | Not to mention not all items are interchangeable. Is a car
           | made in Mexico worth the same as the same model made in
           | Germany?
        
             | XorNot wrote:
             | Low cost items, of the type the vast majority of the
             | population are quite sensitive to the price of, have almost
             | no margin on them to start with. There isn't 10% to cut.
        
               | refurb wrote:
               | True, but a $5 trash can with a 10% tariff is $5.50
        
               | XorNot wrote:
               | The $5 trash can is made in China, which is receiving
               | something on the order of a 50% tarriff.
               | 
               | And now that's 50c extra in taxes to the government for
               | every other part of the supply chain consuming $5 trash
               | cans as an expense.
        
             | yibg wrote:
             | So basically a lose lose from company and consumer
             | perspectives. Either company makes less profit or consumers
             | pay more or a mix of both.
        
               | naijaboiler wrote:
               | Congratulations you have just re-discovered an Econ 101
               | concept called deadweight loss
        
             | briandear wrote:
             | The Q5 is made in Mexico.
        
           | nipponese wrote:
           | I think the long game answer is clear: Trump wants an old
           | fashioned World War with China before 2027 and needs
           | production back in the States.
        
             | alkonaut wrote:
             | Whether one umbrella factory moves from China to the US
             | within this election cycle doesn't really make a dent. The
             | moving of industry from the US happened over decades, and
             | was hand-in-hand with the US making fewer umbrellas and
             | more computer programs, satellites, and microchips. Moving
             | basic manufacturing of low value goods to the US would
             | cannibalize the capacity of producing higher value goods.
             | And none of it will be noticeable while Trump is still
             | alive.
        
               | nipponese wrote:
               | Hard to say re: labor cannibalization - if you are
               | sociopathic about the labor force like Trump is, all
               | these fentanyl deaths are just spare capacity that didn't
               | have an input interface and should have been in a
               | factory.
        
             | mountainriver wrote:
             | Yes, this is the puzzle piece many are missing.
             | 
             | They see a way with china by the end of the decade so they
             | are trying to remove dependence on their manufacturing and
             | flip Russia to our side.
             | 
             | Except there isn't any guarantee of a war with china, it's
             | just an idea they have. For all we can tell they have no
             | intention of that. Taiwan is tricky though
        
           | briandear wrote:
           | That's may be true. But why does Vietnam have such high
           | tariffs? They should be competitive based on their lower
           | costs right? So it's simple: Vietnam can eliminate tariffs on
           | imports and the U.S. would eliminate tariffs as well.
        
             | mrheosuper wrote:
             | the tariff is calculated based on trade deficit, not how
             | much tariff the other is applying
        
         | lpapez wrote:
         | I had hoped that this kind of "Trump is actually playing 4d
         | chess, you just don't understand" argument would be dismissed
         | after seeing him through the first term, but apparently not.
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | > _they know what 's going to happen, and they expect the
         | coming storm because they seek what follows_
         | 
         | If they do they're lying. The mechanism by which tariffs
         | restore production is by raising prices. That makes it more
         | lucrative to invest in serving that market. If producers have
         | to absorb the tariff, they won't boost production and the
         | tariff is just a corporate tax increase.
         | 
         | > _to repudiate foreign held debt, or devalue it, by
         | revaluation of the USD_
         | 
         | That's called inflation!
        
         | trhway wrote:
         | >What amazes me is the timing: the midterms will hit while the
         | bottom is still chugging along. I would think it unlikely they
         | can secure an updraft from this to keep the house. What's the
         | plan for that?
         | 
         | tax cut financed by the tariffs? Will buy/mislead a lot of
         | voters when those checks would get sent mid next year.
         | 
         | Especially those voters who couldn't notice that all those
         | countries having tariffs (and VAT) are worse economically than
         | US in major part because US didn't until now have much tariffs
         | to speak of.
        
         | alfiedotwtf wrote:
         | As a professional armchair economist, I would call it a power
         | off rather than a reset.
         | 
         | It took over a hundred years for countries to once again have
         | economic trust with France again when they went hard on tariffs
         | in the 1600s causing war.
         | 
         | Who in their right mind would negotiate with a man known to rip
         | up existing agreements on a whim?!
         | 
         | I have a feeling that this will knock the United States down a
         | peg economically to the point where we look back on Liberation
         | Day as America's Brexit
        
           | somenameforme wrote:
           | Bretton Woods would like to have a chat with you.
        
           | bigfudge wrote:
           | Brexit is going to look like a minor bump compared to this.
           | Even the stupid deal the UK negotiated didn't try and seal
           | the borders to imports.
        
         | bearburger wrote:
         | It looks too complex, IMO. As someone living in Trump's beloved
         | country (Russia), I'd say you should ask, "Cui prodest?" If
         | some oligarchs (currently called billionaires, but we'll see)
         | surrounding Trump benefit financially from these tariffs, then
         | the plan isn't about state debt--it's about their personal
         | wealth.
        
         | bawolff wrote:
         | > They want to repudiate foreign held debt, or devalue it, by
         | revaluation of the USD
         | 
         | Given how dependent usa is on foreign debt, that sounds crazy
         | to me.
         | 
         | If they accomplish that sort of thing, they wont be able to
         | borrow at favourable rates anymore. That seems incredibly bad
         | for usa. Am i missing something on how severe that would be?
        
           | dzhiurgis wrote:
           | IIRC they are trying to pay off their debt since they are on
           | a brink of default. They don't want to borrow anymore.
        
             | bawolff wrote:
             | They are literally borrowing more right now. I believe at
             | record levels. Billions per day.
        
             | appointment wrote:
             | The massive tax cuts Trump is trying to extend or introduce
             | are much larger than the spending cuts proposed so far.
             | 
             | edit: Also the USA is nowhere near a default, unless
             | congress chooses to not raise the ridiculous debt ceiling
             | policy.
        
         | heisenbit wrote:
         | This was a macro argument assuming a benevolent intention.
         | However if we look purely at self interests the main thrust is
         | to increase revenue on paper to cut taxes. At the same time
         | raise debt ceiling. And when the tarifs proof unsustainable
         | then well, we are in happy deficit spending land with no fault
         | on the drivers side.
        
         | darawk wrote:
         | This is a good take, but I think I can answer your question
         | about the midterms. This is timed specifically for them. The
         | drop we're seeing in markets right now isn't a pricing in of
         | the tariffs, per se (at least, not yet), it's a pricing in of
         | policy uncertainty that is going to lead to a near-term drop in
         | investment.
         | 
         | However, because they are doing it so early, they will have
         | time to recalibrate and bake in exemptions until the market /
         | inflation is happy. Up to and including backing off of the
         | policy entirely, if that ends up being necessary. As a
         | political strategy, it is perfectly timed to allow Trump to
         | "save the economy" from his own policies. This is true imo
         | independently of what you may think about the policy as policy.
         | 
         | When it comes to the policy as such, recipirocal tariffs,
         | conceptually, are designed to incentivize the overall global
         | reduction in tariffs. So, as a headline, implementing
         | "reciprocal tariffs" is actually favorable to free trade.
         | However, there are some important details that they have fucked
         | up, such as identifying tariffs with trade deficits in general,
         | and in particular identifying them with trade deficits in
         | _goods only_. That is really the component of the policy that
         | doesn 't make sense, and it is important.
         | 
         | Most likely, they will recalibrate and/or provide a lot of
         | exemptions, particularly as the midterms approach. As a
         | political tactic, I think it will work out fairly well, if they
         | respond to the feedback appropriately - that's the big question
         | though, and that uncertainty is the most significant reason for
         | the market drop.
        
           | ggm wrote:
           | So my pessimism they can't "heal" this in time is the weak
           | bit, if there are multiple levers they can tweak leading into
           | the midterms to say "it's morning in america"
           | 
           | I say pessimism but in case it's not clear I'd prefer a
           | democrat victory, both in the immediate past and in the
           | coming midterms.
        
             | darawk wrote:
             | The reason for my "optimism" is that it's just as easy for
             | him to undo this as doing it in the first place. If he
             | keeps them in place as constructed for more than say, 3
             | months, without shooting them through with loopholes, then
             | he might have a real unfixable problem on his hands, as
             | businesses start to seriously reorient themselves. However,
             | if over the next 3 months or so, he starts tactically
             | peeling them back or being very "generous" with exemptions,
             | the net economic impact could be relatively small, and
             | maybe even moderately positive (depending on the details).
             | 
             | Fwiw I'd prefer the republicans win again, so my optimism
             | is actual (not that I don't have substantial criticisms of
             | the current admin's policies). However, it is refreshing to
             | have a content-focused exchange on the internet about
             | politics, so h/t to you :)
        
               | cycomanic wrote:
               | What I don't understand with your argument is, how do you
               | account for the loss of trust of your trading partners?
               | Even if the WH responds and tweaks the tariffs there is
               | no hiding the fact that they have damaged trust in the US
               | as a trading partner. I mean just look at what is
               | happening in most western countries already, there a
               | serious reorienting away from partnership with the US.
               | Also consider that the US is primarily a service export
               | economy and that it's generally much easier to divest
               | from services than manufactured goods, I suspect the
               | moves will have caused serious and long lasting damage to
               | US companies.
        
               | ggm wrote:
               | Eh, this worries me less. I mean ideally yes trade
               | signatures have value but we all know the reality here is
               | that strong nations don't feel bound by international
               | law.
               | 
               | I don't think "reputational harm" exists in international
               | relations. I do think the terms of future bilateral
               | negotiations may be less favourable to the US for a while
               | but if they are too iniquitous they won't get ratified in
               | Congress.
               | 
               | Maybe some significant 20+ year investment choices
               | redirect. Some future 56th president will complain 47
               | laid the seed of this disadvantage. In every other
               | respect after the noisy bit is over people do what they
               | do.
        
               | darawk wrote:
               | The loss of trust issue is the one I worry about most.
               | However, it's also true that the key players who we've
               | implemented tariffs against have had them against us for
               | years, and we've simply absorbed that.
               | 
               | I don't like the mechanism he chose to implement them, or
               | the sharpness with which they were imposed, but I do
               | think implementing actual proper reciprocal tariffs
               | phased in over a reasonable period of time was a good
               | idea. And I agree with you re: the service/goods issue.
               | Them excluding services in their trade deficit
               | calculation is by far the dumbest part of this plan.
        
               | cycomanic wrote:
               | Why are we talking reciprocal tariffs? It has been widely
               | reported that the tariffs have been calculated based on
               | trade deficit and not based on existing tariffs. That
               | should alreadyy become clear by the fact that nobody in
               | the western world has anywhere close to the same average
               | tariffs, or that there are different rates for the EU and
               | e.g. La Reunion (which is part of the EU and does not
               | have the right to set their own tariffs).
        
         | Havoc wrote:
         | Given everything recent I'd say competence in the WH is a
         | stretch
         | 
         | The prez is literally holding up placards where half the
         | numbers on it are mislabelled and they rest of the numbers are
         | that mislabelled/misunderstood number divided by half
         | 
         | That sounds like garden variety incompetence to me not 5D chess
        
           | grey-area wrote:
           | There is a low cunning at work though - Trump now runs the
           | largest military in the world and the largest economy and if
           | the only way he can impress other people is to use that power
           | he will use it to try to beat them into submission. Chaos at
           | this point is his friend as he attempts to stay in power as
           | long as possible, so expect trade wars, war, domestic chaos
           | and forcing others to show loyalty to him personally and pay
           | him off as the biggest bully in the room. He sees this in
           | very simple terms. So no there is not a high intelligence at
           | work but he is not without agency and cunning. He has
           | operated this way all his life due to inherited money and got
           | away with it.
           | 
           | And damn the consequences for everyone else, including the
           | people who elected him, he doesn't consider that in his
           | calculations, which is what makes them so confusing for those
           | who think he is playing by normal rules of politics or
           | business.
        
         | Liwink wrote:
         | > What amazes me is the timing: the midterms will hit while the
         | bottom is still chugging along.
         | 
         | I think Trump is getting unpopular actions out of the way
         | quickly, perhaps planning to announce an income tax reduction
         | later to save the midterm elections.
        
         | noobermin wrote:
         | I am amazed at how many people are still imputing intelligence
         | to Donald Trump. Him winning the presidency again after
         | everything is less about him being some deep mastermind and
         | more an exposure of the issues with America that have been
         | there building for decades now.
         | 
         | The difference between Trump 1 and Trump 2 is that all the
         | "establishment" R politicians who were "corrupt" or "deep
         | state" but willing to work with him could at least steer the
         | ship in the first term. Those people are gone and all who
         | remain are ideologues and yes-men. Trying to find logic in the
         | madness strikes me as someone going through the stages of grief
         | near death, trying to find sense in a senseless, uncaring
         | world. Take occam's razor, no one is steering the ship at the
         | white house right now.
        
         | ithkuil wrote:
         | Probably the plan for that is to do massive gaslighting on
         | social media and find someone to blame for the hardship.
         | Leveraging emotions (especially the aggressive ones) may be an
         | effective way to keep support of the base.
         | 
         | I really wish I was more optimistic and share your position
         | that voters are driven by self-interest. I hope you're right
         | though.
        
         | dyauspitr wrote:
         | They literally took trade deficit %s and represented them as
         | tariffs levied by those countries.
        
         | hnaccount_rng wrote:
         | > they know what's going to happen, and they expect the coming
         | storm because they seek what follows.
         | 
         | I agree that that's their understanding. I'd argue that in
         | reality they don't, they can't. International relations are a
         | very complex system. And there is no precedent of an empire
         | wilfully dismantling its periphery.
         | 
         | I really don't enjoy the whole "may you live in interesting
         | times" thingy
        
         | wolframhempel wrote:
         | I don't think its about devaluing the currency to pay back debt
         | at all. I believe it's about a fundamental vision of an autark
         | USA, decoupled from any international obligations, whether its
         | NATO, WHO or WTO and focused purely on producing and selling
         | domestically whilst having a "beautiful ocean on each side".
         | 
         | I believe that's an unrealistic vision, not least since
         | America's debt means it cannot afford significant shrinkage of
         | its global market or a loss of its status as reserve currency,
         | but I believe autarkie is the goal none the less.
        
         | ReptileMan wrote:
         | Personally I think that their bet is - it will hurt US, but it
         | will devastate EU and hurt China more than US. EU is fragile
         | economically and political instability will follow if its
         | economy crashes. Especially if US pushes OPEC to jack up the
         | prices.
        
         | groestl wrote:
         | > What's the plan for that?
         | 
         | The answer to this is pretty simple, although American
         | Exceptionalism makes it hard to see for many Americans. For
         | every other country, most could see pretty clearly that they'll
         | not plan on holding free elections going forward.
        
         | h4ck_th3_pl4n3t wrote:
         | Always keep in mind that Blackrock manages the
         | retirement/social insurance funds of a lot of countries. If the
         | USD crashes, they will, too.
         | 
         | The aftermath will probably be complete isolation of the US,
         | because no country will want to trade with them. And the
         | administration is fine with that, because they're not
         | interested in keeping the status quo of democracy alive.
         | 
         | More influence for them, less influence from outside. That's
         | how oligarchs think and act.
        
         | risyachka wrote:
         | Even the best economists can't predict economy results from
         | "small" actions.
         | 
         | With global ones like this - they are absolutely oblivious what
         | will happen.
        
         | Isn0gud wrote:
         | They might be smart about it like you said, but they might also
         | just be stupid. And the theory that they are smart about it is
         | based on a whole bunch more assumptions...
        
         | bambax wrote:
         | > _the midterms will hit_
         | 
         | The plan may be that there are no more elections, or that the
         | only people who are allowed to vote are identified MAGA
         | supporters. Does this seem impossible? Everything Trump has
         | done would have been considered impossible only a couple of
         | months ago.
         | 
         | What Trump reveals is the utter apathy of Americans. They're
         | sheep in lions' clothing, not the other way around.
        
         | vkou wrote:
         | > Maybe by 2027?
         | 
         | Why on earth would you spend millions and billions of dollars
         | on investing into a ROI-10-year factory, when a cheeseburger
         | overdose or, heaven forbid, the Dems winning another election
         | will take that investment and turn it straight into the toilet?
         | 
         | Not to mention that you'll be locked out of the world's
         | markets, thanks to reciprocal tariffs.
        
         | timeon wrote:
         | I tend to agree with you that they know. However the signal
         | leeks showed me that they are not just playing stupid in public
         | - it seems that they are like that for real.
        
         | cantrecallmypwd wrote:
         | Rich people are typically insulated from economic downturns,
         | especially ones they cause, by their ability to shift
         | investments and asset allocations to mitigate and/or profit
         | from changing tides.
         | 
         | Furthermore, Trump has never bought his own groceries, pumped
         | his own gas, or interviewed for a job so retail prices and
         | layoffs are abstractions "for plebs". Plus, he's reaching the
         | end of his life so he doesn't have very much proverbial skin in
         | the game since his motivations revolve almost exclusively
         | around himself.
        
         | bamboozled wrote:
         | By the time the midterms come along I doubt there will be many
         | people left who want the job of fixing up this mess. So they
         | will likely get to keep it.
        
         | 4ndrewl wrote:
         | "Personally I think it's a mistake but hot takes "they have no
         | idea what's coming" are I believe naive."
         | 
         | They slapped 10pct tariffs on the Heard and McDonald islands.
         | Literally uninhabited islands in Antarctica.
        
           | dev0p wrote:
           | The defending theory for that is that it doesn't allow for
           | loopholes by trading through tax exempt countries.
           | 
           | It's certainly an interesting strategy. Let's see how it
           | plays out.
        
             | 4ndrewl wrote:
             | Except those islands are Australian territories. And
             | they've given Australia higher tariffs, so in theory they
             | could reduce these tariffs (which will be paid at least in
             | part by US citizens) by exporting through there?
             | 
             | There's nothing strategic about a 4 column excel
             | spreadsheet and one formula.
        
               | dev0p wrote:
               | By all accounts, it doesn't make sense. Hence why it's
               | ... well, interesting, to say the least.
        
         | mpreda wrote:
         | > They want to repudiate foreign held debt, or devalue it, by
         | revaluation of the USD
         | 
         | I don't understand, who's holding that "foreign held debt"?
         | foreign countries I suppose, so which countries do you have in
         | mind?
         | 
         | For one, it's not China, which holds a large amount of US
         | treasury bonds (so basically, China is a lender of USD). So the
         | revaluation of USD would work great for China: one, the value
         | of the China-held USD bonds increases, and second, the price of
         | Chinese exports decreases in USD terms.
         | 
         | So help me understand, what's the plan with the revaluation of
         | USD?
        
         | wslh wrote:
         | > ... they know what's going to happen
         | 
         | While we cannot predict the future, it's moving faster. The
         | world system is under immense stress. Complexity at this scale
         | increases the chance of black swans and unpredictable outcomes.
         | Many powerful actors are reacting simultaneously in divergent
         | directions, which can reshape the trajectory altogether. We are
         | vulnerable to cascading surprises.
        
         | aredox wrote:
         | "The king is walking around naked; surely he's got a great
         | reason for that. And his advisors wouldn't let him do it if
         | there wasn't a deeper purpose!"
        
         | h4ny wrote:
         | > and they expect the coming storm because they seek what
         | follows.
         | 
         | Well, a lot of economists, including one Nobel Prize winner
         | (Paul Krugman) have commented on this being a bad idea for the
         | economy...
         | 
         | On the off chance that those people who are supposed to know
         | what they are talking about are all wrong and haven't thought
         | about it being some genius diversion tactics -- it's generally
         | still a pretty bad idea for a government to effectively ask
         | everyone to "tough it out" and "just trust me bro".
         | 
         | It's really disappointing that people are actually trying to
         | theorize this as some kind of genius plan. It doesn't take a
         | genius to figure out the amount of irreparable damage they have
         | already done to regular folks is unacceptable (uh... I'm sure
         | some nutters out there think that DOGE is keeping track of all
         | the damages they have done and will pay everyone once their
         | genius plans have worked out).
         | 
         | That kind of logic really amazes me.
        
           | rat87 wrote:
           | paul krugman isnt useful example because he is a liberal
           | democrat and people will try to say thats why he said its
           | stupid. even though hes right and it is stupid. plenty of
           | conservative economists are basically saying wtf Bro to these
           | tarrifs. Sadly that will also probably not help but it has
           | more of a chance to do something
        
         | fedeb95 wrote:
         | they understand first order effects, but second or higher
         | orders are seldom predictable in this matters. So the risk is
         | huge. This massive shock will reveal hidden frailties.
        
         | virgilp wrote:
         | Trump told you, I don't know why you still wonder what's the
         | plan: https://www.reuters.com/world/us/trump-tells-christians-
         | they...
        
         | ptero wrote:
         | > hot takes "they have no idea what's coming" are I believe
         | naive. They know. They just don't care
         | 
         | I think they know, they care and decided that it is a
         | reasonable way forward given very limited (trade and budget
         | deficit) options. Otherwise I think you are spot on.
         | 
         | To spitball some ideas on your midterm comment (again, agree to
         | it). One possibility is they see it as an unavoidable loss,
         | plan on using veto to maintain course set during the first 2
         | years (which is why they rush) and hope to be in the updraft
         | phase by the November 2028 elections. Maybe.
        
           | amanaplanacanal wrote:
           | If they piss off enough people impeachment is back on the
           | table. They might not last until the 2028 election.
        
           | speakfreely wrote:
           | This seems likely, but I cannot figure out why they are not
           | trying to pass more legislation in the first 2 years if
           | they're fairly sure they're going to lose the midterms.
           | 
           | The only conclusion that can be drawn from their public
           | actions is that they believe they can more or less enforce
           | all their policies by executive order and that they're very
           | sure they will be keeping the executive in 2028.
        
         | jmull wrote:
         | Of course there are people who know. But not the decision
         | maker. I notice the use of collective pronouns, but there is
         | only one person driving this. Everyone else is riding the
         | tiger.
         | 
         | Not sure why, despite long and consistent experience, that
         | people keep thinking he's anyone but exactly who he appears to
         | be. There's no grand plan, calculated risk, or 4D-chess. The
         | clown is just putting on a performance, based on his immediate
         | feelings, and the immediate reaction of the crowd. There's
         | nothing else there.
        
         | basisword wrote:
         | >> hot takes "they have no idea what's coming" are I believe
         | naive
         | 
         | While I agree they probably have some idea what will happen,
         | don't forget that these same people added a journalist to a
         | group chat where they planned a military attack. They fired a
         | bunch of critical people and then didn't know how to get in
         | touch with them to try and rehire them. Assuming they're total
         | idiots isn't much of a stretch.
        
         | LastTrain wrote:
         | That all sounds fine except that the admin have no intention of
         | keeping these tariffs, rendering your point kind of moot. Trump
         | will enact/retract these tariffs multiple times over just the
         | next month, and few to none of them will still be this high in
         | three months. Since we are just speculating here - what is
         | probably going on is that Trump has some very bad ideas and no
         | one is allowed to contradict him. I'm sure there are people
         | around him that know better, but he really is this simple
         | minded. To your point about midterms, I'm sure his Project 2025
         | handlers are beside themselves that he's doing this, but there
         | is little they can do to stop him.
        
         | JonChesterfield wrote:
         | > What's the plan for that?
         | 
         | Trump ran on a campaign that voting is a pain and you won't
         | have to do it again if he wins. Since then he's maintained that
         | third term is the plan. Doesn't really matter how upset the
         | voting population is if you're going to ignore their votes.
        
         | alkonaut wrote:
         | > "they have no idea what's coming" are I believe naive.
         | 
         | There could be someone who understands this. But this someone
         | never shows their face in public, or provides any rationale for
         | the policies beyond the nonsense like "reciprocal tariffs" or
         | similar nonsense. I mean the literal board with tariff
         | percentages that was held up had numbers that made NO sense, to
         | anyone! Yet there are no critical questions?
         | 
         | It's beginning to feel like a conspiracy theory. That behind
         | the obvious idiots who are the faces of the policies, are some
         | other, less inept people who are pulling the strings. But who
         | would this be?
         | 
         | > they expect the coming storm because they seek what follows.
         | 
         | If there are elections in 2026 and 2030 then what follows is a
         | blue wave in the midterms and millions of disappointed voters
         | who had their 401k's gutted, saw prices of most goods increase
         | 10%+ in 2 years, saw little to no tax cuts, lost their jobs if
         | they worked for the government, and lost their social security.
        
           | roxolotl wrote:
           | So I asked this question back when the wiki page for
           | exorbitant privilege[0], the term used to refer to the US'
           | status, was posted. I was provided with a few links of people
           | who do seem to understand[1]. The Hudson Bay capital piece
           | was probably the most interesting[2].
           | 
           | 0: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exorbitant_privilege?wprov=s
           | ft... 1: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43529614 2: htt
           | ps://www.hudsonbaycapital.com/documents/FG/hudsonbay/rese...
        
         | markus_zhang wrote:
         | > Rust belt sewing shops and Walmart grade cheap goods
         | production lines?
         | 
         | Are we really going to see this happening in 2 years? I'm not
         | sure about this. The cost of Mexican/South Asian factories are
         | still a lot lower than US.
        
           | sorcerer-mar wrote:
           | We absolutely will not, especially given the administration's
           | demonstrated lack of willpower.
           | 
           | What you will see is many promises of massive investment,
           | conspicuously scheduled to break ground around 2028ish.
        
         | mikesickler wrote:
         | Foreign held debt is less than 30% of outstanding, and less
         | than that is sovereign-owned, so I don't think devaluing or
         | attempting to restructure foreign debt via "century bonds" will
         | have much effect on US debt obligations.
         | 
         | I seriously doubt this administration understands any of this.
         | I agree that they don't care, but I don't think they know
         | what's going to happen. No one does.
        
         | mystified5016 wrote:
         | There may have been a hint of strategy at one time. But the
         | sheer level of gross incompetence coming from every side of
         | this administration does not really lead one to believe that
         | "global 4d chess trade war" is within the _actual_ abilities of
         | this administration to grasp.
        
         | jcfrei wrote:
         | In my opinion you are giving the US government far too much
         | credit. Trump has through his usage of social media created a
         | weapon that he can strike at anyone that stands in his way.
         | With all branches under Republican control there's simply no
         | one left who can stand up to him without having his political
         | career destroyed. We've seen this story unfold so many times in
         | countries around the world - Turkey would be one recent example
         | where the misguided policies of Erdogan have left the country
         | with record inflation rates for years.
        
         | toyg wrote:
         | _> a lot of people assume the economic consequences like these
         | have not been understood by the WH_
         | 
         | I think you're making the same mistake a lot of observers are
         | making: you're looking at this from an economic perspective,
         | and think those decisions were taken on an economic basis. But
         | that is likely not the case.
         | 
         | The Trumpist movement is entirely focused on _political_ aims:
         | re-establishing old hierarchies of power inside the country,
         | and entrenching them for good. The important work is the
         | slashing and burning of welfare and safeguards for lower and
         | middle classes, putting minorities  "back in their place", and
         | entrenching the wealthy into positions of absolute dominance.
         | Everything else is a distraction, to keep newspeople busy and
         | the population focused on recreating an idealized, "Happy Days"
         | 1950 society. Enemies will be created to make you hate, this or
         | that policy will be picked up or dropped just to keep you
         | arguing, and meanwhile the important work is made irreversible.
         | Once you destroy what was built over a century, it will take
         | decades to rebuild them, and meanwhile the New Normal will take
         | root and become impossibly hard to remove.
         | 
         | Fascism and nazism did not move from economic principles - they
         | picked up what they needed as they went, opportunistically,
         | because their main aims were fundamentally _political_. The
         | Trump II administration works in the same way: the priority is
         | political dominance to achieve political aims at societal
         | level, everything else is tangential and opportunistic.
        
         | shlant wrote:
         | > I would think it unlikely they can secure an updraft from
         | this to keep the house. What's the plan for that?
         | 
         | They tried to steal an election already - it's pretty easy to
         | understand why they are making decisions as if they don't have
         | to worry about elections anymore
        
           | jeffhuys wrote:
           | This does not, at all, contribute to the discussion.
        
         | dmix wrote:
         | People are also getting way too caught up in the math and
         | numbers. They think WH calculated the percentages through
         | incompetence but the 25% tariffs weren't based on anything very
         | real either. The entire goal is not carefully calculated trade
         | equality, it's mafia style intimidation to get some easy
         | concessions as quickly as possible from everybody... before the
         | economy crashes too hard. Spamming tariffs to see what sticks.
         | The math is just a plausible justification for something they
         | would have done anyway.
         | 
         | It's bully tactics.
         | 
         | For ex see Canada's fentynal importation issue, which was
         | something invented to justify a natsec emergency legally. The
         | numbers don't have to be real, just plausibly deniable.
        
           | Def_Os wrote:
           | Bingo. Occam's razor suggests that the WH is again simply
           | trying to force good short-term deals using mobster tactics.
        
         | dcchambers wrote:
         | My personal opinion is less complicated: they're pulling the
         | economic levers they have in a way that they can use to enrich
         | the top 0.1% even more. The richest of the rich got very
         | wealthy during COVID (economic fallout, buying up lots of
         | stocks at a discount then the biggest stock market bull run
         | we've ever seen) and they want to make it happen again.
        
         | MetaWhirledPeas wrote:
         | > What amazes me is the timing
         | 
         | If it didn't hit midterms it would hit the next presidential
         | race. You gotta pick your poison. I guess they decided it's
         | better to just get it over with.
        
       | phillipseamore wrote:
       | A blanket 10% minimum tariff is a great excuse for any local US
       | manufacturing to increase their prices.
       | 
       | I used to live in a country with heavy tariffs, every time
       | tariffs were raised the local producers increased prices to be
       | just below the imports. Even after the tariffs were abolished the
       | prices (on local and imports) never really lowered in any
       | significant way.
        
         | brabel wrote:
         | That always seems to happen with this sort of protections. It's
         | like when the government tries to incentivize people to buy
         | electric cars by paying 25% of it (example from the climate
         | bonus in Sweden, which was given for years), but what happens
         | is that buyers actually end up paying just maybe 5% less as the
         | car companies now can increase their prices and still sell the
         | cars they produce while making more money.
        
           | teruakohatu wrote:
           | That happened in New Zealand, where the govt. paid $5,000 for
           | electric cars. When this subsidy expired, prices decreased by
           | a few thousand.
           | 
           | If a consumer was willing to pay $20,000 for a car why would
           | they sell it to them for less than $25,000 when the final
           | bill to the consumer will be $20,000, with the govt. paying
           | an extra $5,000.
        
             | mtlmtlmtlmtl wrote:
             | That's why the better policy is not to subsidize the
             | purchase price of the car, but the various taxes associated
             | with owning one, as well as offering certain perks like
             | being able to drive in the bus lane. This was a huge
             | success in Norway. Though now the percentage of new car
             | purchases that are electric is so large that the subsidies
             | are being rolled back because they've gotten too
             | expensive(and the bus lane thing no longer makes sense
             | because if the majority of cars can drive in it, it's not
             | really a bus lane anymore). But I think that's fine. You
             | can make an argument that when subsidies were introduced,
             | electric cars were still struggling to compete with
             | combustion cars in numerous ways, like range, capacity,
             | access to chargers and repair services, etc.
             | Subsidies/perks acted as compensation for those downsides
             | for early adopters. The playing field is obviously a lot
             | more even now. Chargers(including home chargers) are
             | generally widely available, range is improved via better
             | battery tech, there's a lot more players in the market,
             | meaning more choice, etc. Not really a car guy, but I
             | assume the repair situation is also improved, though it may
             | not be on par yet.
        
             | cwillu wrote:
             | In principle, that still injects cash into those companies
             | though; it's just that the popular conception is that these
             | subsidies are intended to make the product cheaper for
             | consumers, instead of encouraging companies to produce them
             | because they're more profitable due to the subsidy.
             | 
             | (This should not be taken as a blanket endorsement, god
             | knows that companies follow the incentives, which is rarely
             | perfectly aligned with the intent)
        
             | viccis wrote:
             | This is basically what everyone said would happen with
             | Yang's proposed UBI in 2020.
        
               | mjevans wrote:
               | Basic Econ 101 - The only way to lower prices is to
               | increase supply (or decrease demand, however I'd really
               | rather not have a huge pandemic, war, illogical
               | engineered recession, or other situation that decreases
               | the number of viable consumers...)
        
           | banqjls wrote:
           | That this would happen is evident to everybody with a minimum
           | knowledge of economics. It's the same reason UBI won't work
           | because it would make prices skyrocket.
        
             | mtlmtlmtlmtl wrote:
             | It certainly could. Depends a lot on the specifics of how
             | the UBI is implemented, and how UBI affects salary levels.
             | If everything remained the same and everyone just got x
             | more income each year, then yes, inflation is very likely.
             | On the other hand, something more like no questions
             | asked/no demands made social security, where the only
             | requirement is being unemployed, could improve conditions
             | for people who are unable to work while paying for itself
             | in eliminating heaps of red tape, and also freeing up a
             | lots of manpower towards helping people sort out their
             | lives instead of pouring over disability pension
             | applications, without paying out a bunch of money to people
             | who don't need it because they earn plenty from work
             | already.
             | 
             | One could also pay out ubi universally, but have a one time
             | down-adjustment of salaries the first year.
        
             | naijaboiler wrote:
             | Right and wrong. Right if it increases aggregate demand
             | more than available economic production thus leading to
             | inflation.
             | 
             | But if we overall had capacity to tame in the added UBI,
             | then no. Unlike targeted subsidies like EVs, UBI is do much
             | better. Each industry is still competing with other
             | industries
        
           | inerte wrote:
           | This also happens when a certain price range gets different
           | benefits.
           | 
           | For example lower mortgage rates if the house costs below $X.
           | Now houses that could sell for far lower than $X actually
           | list close to $X.
        
         | DidYaWipe wrote:
         | Count on it. Especially after Trump (AKA we the taxpayers) gave
         | the oligopolies and monopolies huge corporate tax handouts, for
         | which they thanked us with massive price hikes and the current
         | "inflation."
         | 
         | Oh, and of course there were Trump's tax hikes on middle-class
         | Americans to boot.
         | 
         | What a mind-blowing betrayal and mess.
        
         | mrweasel wrote:
         | I also don't think it's enough to justify moving manufacturing
         | to the US. The investments are to high, especially for
         | something that might only last for four years. The US also
         | doesn't have enough workers, so wages would increase.
        
         | freddie_mercury wrote:
         | > every time tariffs were raised the local producers increased
         | prices to be just below the imports.
         | 
         | That's literally how tariffs are supposed to work. I'm confused
         | about what you thought should happen?
         | 
         | Local producers are supposed to raise prices so there is more
         | money for worker pay or business reinvestment or both.
        
           | ZeroGravitas wrote:
           | No, the foreigners pay the tariffs. Then that foreign money
           | gets spent on childcare and other things Americans need and
           | want.
           | 
           | How many times does Trump need to explain this to you?
        
             | knowaveragejoe wrote:
             | No, you as an American consumer are paying the tariffs.
        
             | badc0ffee wrote:
             | Maybe that's how Trump believes tariffs work, but they are
             | actually a tax on imports, that the importer pays. The
             | importer passes that along to the American consumer.
             | 
             | Other countries are angry about this because it discourages
             | importing from them, and their US exports may go down, or
             | they may have to lower their US export prices. Not because
             | they have to pay a fee or a tax to the US.
        
           | Draiken wrote:
           | Or, you know, profits.
           | 
           | Capitalists only care about profits.
           | 
           | I live in a country where we have many protectionist tariffs
           | and the locally produced goods are expensive and lower
           | quality compared to imported goods which guarantees profits
           | at the expense of consumers.
           | 
           | I don't understand why people still believe in this day and
           | age that wages will ever increase despite data showing the
           | opposite for literal decades.
        
             | TremendousJudge wrote:
             | If you frequent an American form as a non-American, you'll
             | have noticed by now that for most Americans it's as if the
             | rest of the world doesn't really exist. You can talk all
             | you want about how the thing they're proposing has been
             | done in other countries with terrible results. Or the thing
             | they're saying it's inviable exists in many other countries
             | and it just works. You'll be ignored either way
        
         | rco8786 wrote:
         | Yes that will invariably happen, barring price controls.
        
         | macinjosh wrote:
         | This is expected and normal? Demand for locally sourced goods
         | will skyrocket which means prices should as well. What you are
         | leaving out is that the US is well capitalized and those sky
         | high prices will be a strong incentive for more competitors to
         | join the market. With competition in place prices will
         | eventually fall. Prices will likely never go back as low but at
         | least our fellow countrymen will be employed, housed and
         | hopeful instead of on the streets doing fentanyl.
        
           | hnthrow90348765 wrote:
           | People will starting fighting against more houses being built
           | to protect their wealth even more than now. You'll be earning
           | like $25/hr at the factory and all the single-family houses
           | are 300k+ with significant interest. Assuming they never have
           | a huge healthcare bill which also shows no signs of becoming
           | affordable, if the factory jobs even offer decent benefits
           | but my guess is they will all be high deductible plans.
        
         | weberer wrote:
         | Well yeah, that's the point. Its so factories paying local
         | wages can now compete with factories overseas where wages are
         | much lower.
        
           | olalonde wrote:
           | A laborer in a subsidized, low-productivity industry is one
           | less worker available for a high-tech, high-productivity
           | sector. With a finite workforce, misallocating labor like
           | this inevitably hampers innovation and economic growth. The
           | U.S. should focus on being a powerhouse of technology and
           | innovation, not divert resources to low-value tasks like
           | picking olives from trees.
        
             | sebmellen wrote:
             | 1. Not all workers are fungible. Your average 30th
             | percentile individual =/= the person progressing your
             | biotech industry. Would they be more beneficial to the
             | economy working in a customer service job, or in a factory?
             | 
             | 2. It's very hard to be a powerhouse of innovation if you
             | don't vertically integrate. China has taught us this. You
             | can't split out the gritty part (manufacturing) from the
             | fun part (invention) of technological innovation and win in
             | the long run.
        
       | mcoliver wrote:
       | Here's a csv and google sheet of the data. Turns out they aren't
       | tariffs countries charge us. They are trade imbalance
       | percentages. Unreal:
       | 
       | https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1xK0OQ5VGl8JHmDSIgbXh...
       | 
       | https://gist.github.com/mcoliver/69fe48d03c12388e29cc0cd87eb...
        
         | danny_codes wrote:
         | lol when I saw him hold up his piece of cardboard I thought,
         | "yeah that's definitely random numbers he invented 2 hours ago"
        
         | rramadass wrote:
         | I see how the tariff numbers may have been calculated. But why
         | is it done that way? What is the rationale behind such a
         | calculation? Is this a way to balance the existing trade
         | deficits? How does it work?
         | 
         | Would appreciate you (or anybody else) shed some light on the
         | economics of the thing.
        
           | saberdancer wrote:
           | If he used real numbers the tariffs would be so low that it
           | wouldn't make any sense.
        
           | n2d4 wrote:
           | The label "tariffs charged to the US" is just straight-up
           | wrong, either due to incompetence or malice (likely to
           | justify the high tariffs).
           | 
           | But basing the tariffs on import/export ratio makes sense if
           | your goal is to be a net exporter with every country, as it
           | discourages imports until that's the case. It's still
           | somewhat arbitrary though; my guess is that the White House
           | is pursuing that goal mostly for political, not economical
           | reasons.
        
             | sorcerer-mar wrote:
             | It's because he thinks trade deficits are somehow a
             | subsidy. He has literally used the terms interchangeably.
             | He's just dumb.
        
             | myvoiceismypass wrote:
             | I would love to hear the plan on how the US can be a net
             | exporter of coffee with, say, Indonesia (32% tariff).
             | Perhaps we can take the funds from the tariffs and build
             | mass greenhouses?
        
               | bitcurious wrote:
               | Why do you think the plan is to export every single good?
               | The calculation is clearly on the total import/export
               | balance.
        
               | dfadsadsf wrote:
               | We do not have to be net exporters of coffee - Indonesia
               | can buy US cars, corn and wheat for example to balance
               | trade.
        
               | sorcerer-mar wrote:
               | Ah yes, all we have to do is drive US wages so low that
               | Indonesian wages can employ Americans just as readily as
               | our wages employ Indonesians.
        
           | Qworg wrote:
           | You can see the report here: https://ustr.gov/issue-
           | areas/reciprocal-tariff-calculations
           | 
           | Given that both elasticities were set to cancel each other,
           | that's why you get a flat trade deficit/imports calculation.
           | 
           | This is, sadly, the way a freshman econ student would
           | calculate tariffs.
        
           | cbovis wrote:
           | Suggestion that the admin is vibe governing: https://bsky.app
           | /profile/amyhoy.bsky.social/post/3lluo7jmsss...
        
         | nullhole wrote:
         | The bit I love is that countries with which the US has a trade
         | surplus aren't getting the opposite of a tariff (a grant, I
         | guess) on their imports to the US, they aren't getting zero
         | tariffs on their imports to the US, they're getting 10%
         | tariffs.
        
           | femto wrote:
           | Heard Island and McDonald Islands, two Australian territories
           | inhabited only by penguins, get singled out for a 10% tariff.
           | 
           | Norfolk Island, an Australian community of 3000 with no
           | exports to the US, gets its own 29% tariff. They're expecting
           | a tourism boost from the publicity.
           | 
           | https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/apr/03/donald-
           | trump...
        
             | rukuu001 wrote:
             | Once again they proceed far beyond the reach of satirists
        
             | MetaWhirledPeas wrote:
             | You jest, but I wonder if this is to stop shenanigans like
             | claiming your business operates from there just to dodge
             | tariffs.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | Nah, they just went down the Wikipedia list of places
               | that trade with the US. This is how Reunion winds up on
               | there, despite being actually part of France.
        
               | sn9 wrote:
               | Oh I was assuming they just asked an LLM but this sounds
               | plausible too.
        
               | tim333 wrote:
               | That might be the case with places like the UK which has
               | a trade deficit with the US but still gets taxed at 10%.
               | I feel however the penguins put up an obvious non tariff
               | barrier by only accepting fish rather than hard currency.
        
           | ponector wrote:
           | And zero tariff for his dear friend putin. Insane!
        
         | RaiausderDose wrote:
         | Thank you for posting this, the misinformation is clear as day.
         | But lying is without consequences if people are dumb or
         | lethargic enough, it seems.
         | 
         | This will get very interesting.
        
         | thiht wrote:
         | Funny how Russia is absent from the list
        
           | pembrook wrote:
           | Current US sanctions on Russia make trade a moot point,
           | that's why.
        
             | nicce wrote:
             | There is still more trade with Russia than many countries
             | in the list. Even Syria and Iran got tariffs.
        
             | tashbarg wrote:
             | Total trade with Russia in 2024: $3.5bn
             | 
             | Total trade with Ukraine in 2024: $2.9bn
             | 
             | https://ustr.gov/countries-regions/europe-middle-
             | east/russia...
             | 
             | So, Ukraine will get an exemption, too, right? Because
             | their trade is even a mooter point, right? Right?!
        
               | pembrook wrote:
               | This is down from $23B in 2019, and is basically just
               | fertilizer and minerals used to make fertilizer.
               | 
               | Fertilizer is not sanctioned due to the fact it's needed
               | for food security in the EU (surprise suprise, the EU is
               | not just insecure domestically in terms of military and
               | energy and technology, but also in terms of fertilizers
               | needed to grow food, fantastic governance they have over
               | there...leaving potash mining or nat gas extraction to
               | other countries does look good for those domestic net
               | zero calculations though!).
        
               | tashbarg wrote:
               | This reply makes the mootest point of all the moot
               | points.
        
               | Towaway69 wrote:
               | EU peace is assured by inter-locking trade within the
               | block. Countries within the EU are gently encouraged to
               | trade essential goods with one another instead of
               | producing them themselves.
               | 
               | This policy dates back to the end of WW2 as an attempt to
               | prevent one country getting too aggressive and hence
               | starting another war.
               | 
               | Since the fall of the wall, Russia was seen as a
               | legitimate trading partner for the block and, in the long
               | term (just as Turkiye), as member of the block.
               | 
               | Hence sourcing fertiliser from Russia was taken to be a
               | strategic positive since it tired Russia to Europe.
        
               | kolanos wrote:
               | > Hence sourcing fertiliser from Russia was taken to be a
               | strategic positive since it tired Russia to Europe.
               | 
               | And you still defend this as a strategic positive?
        
               | Towaway69 wrote:
               | I think we should be aware of history, that does not
               | imply acceptance nor agreement.
               | 
               | Instead had I said this ten years ago, the majority of
               | politicians in the EU would have been d'accord. What does
               | that imply about our political systems?
               | 
               | There have been a bunch of alliances in Europe over the
               | centuries, none have been permanent.
        
               | DanielVZ wrote:
               | I don't see Ukraine on the list at least. But I do see
               | this as a win for Russia in the destabilization of the
               | Western economy.
        
               | StormChaser_5 wrote:
               | It's on the list. They have to pay 10%
        
               | DanielVZ wrote:
               | I stand corrected
        
             | RealityVoid wrote:
             | Didn't seem to be an issue for the penguin islands.
        
             | im_down_w_otp wrote:
             | They tariffed uninhabited land, countries that export
             | nothing to the US, and countries for which the US has a
             | trade surplus.
             | 
             | All those circumstances also would have made the point
             | moot... yet they all still made the list.
        
             | overfeed wrote:
             | The administration placed tariffs on uninhabited islands. I
             | don't think they gave a rat's patootie about the volume of
             | trade.
        
           | taspeotis wrote:
           | They're sanctioned up the wazoo
           | 
           | > U.S. total goods trade with Russia were an estimated $3.5
           | billion in 2024.
           | 
           | Among European Union members:
           | 
           | > The total bilateral trade in goods reached EUR851 billion
           | in 2023.
        
             | bamboozled wrote:
             | Considering Russia has been disobeying orders and Australia
             | and Japan have done almost nothing to the USA, then why not
             | give it to them a bit harder?
        
             | thiht wrote:
             | So? Let's not give it too hard to poor Russia?
        
             | Extasia785 wrote:
             | Ukraine has around $1.2 billion and still got 10% tariffs.
        
             | christianqchung wrote:
             | That makes no difference to who should get tariffs by the
             | administration's own logic. They're cozying up to Russia.
             | No other explanation is feasible.
        
               | macinjosh wrote:
               | I can think of at least a dozen reasons but I'll give you
               | one: We are in delicate peace negotiations with Russia
               | _right_ now. There is good reason to isolate all foreign
               | policy decisions with that country to those negotiations.
               | It is called doing more than one thing at a time.
        
               | SpicyLemonZest wrote:
               | Ukraine is party to those same delicate peace
               | negotiations. Why weren't they excluded, if this is the
               | reason why?
        
               | rat87 wrote:
               | If we were in delicate peace negotiations then we should
               | put more pressure on them. Tell them extra tarrifs will
               | be removed if they agree. The main reason there is still
               | war is Putins stubbornness in admitting he started an
               | unwinnable war. More pressure is helpful
        
               | thiht wrote:
               | You mean delicate play to dismantle Ukraine, sell it bit
               | by bit to Russia and steal the remaining resources?
               | 
               | You can't possibly qualify this shitshow as "peace
               | negotiations"
        
               | christianqchung wrote:
               | We are also in delicate peace negotiations with Ukraine
               | right now, but we still put import taxes on them. If you
               | think that the administration would put more import taxes
               | on Russia after the negotiations are done, then at least
               | you're consistent. I need your other 11+ reasons to be
               | convinced.
        
               | tim333 wrote:
               | I'm not sure Krasnov will do anything to offend Russia.
        
           | Zanfa wrote:
           | At this point, Trump could hoist the russian flag at the
           | white house and republicans would still turn a blind eye.
        
           | TomK32 wrote:
           | Besides the sanctions, the G7+EU hold something around 300
           | billion $ of funds so far owned by the Ruzzian central bank.
           | Not enough to rebuild Ukraine, but it will be a decent start.
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confiscation_of_Russian_centra.
           | ..
        
             | dumbledoren wrote:
             | Stealing the assets of countries like Venezuela and Russia
             | caused this to happen by making the rest of the world move
             | off of the dollar to secure their asses. Doing more of them
             | is the dumbest idea that can be proposed.
        
         | bjackman wrote:
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercantilism
        
         | spacechild1 wrote:
         | There is a dedicated article in an Austrian newspaper about
         | that: https://www.derstandard.at/story/3000000264129/das-
         | verrueckt... They essentially call it batshit crazy.
        
         | aurareturn wrote:
         | Are we factoring in digital/service trades? For example,
         | Netflix is in Vietnam. There are many Netflix subscribers in
         | Vietnam. Does that get factored into the trade deficit? Or is
         | it only physical goods that get factored in?
         | 
         | Vietnam uses many US services such as Microsoft Office,
         | Netflix, ChatGPT, Facebook ads, etc. This is revenue that
         | directly go into the pockets of American companies.
        
           | imadethis wrote:
           | No services, only goods. This is according to
           | @JamesSurowiecki on Twitter, one of the first to reverse
           | engineer the equation for how they're coming up with the
           | numbers. So Office, Netflix, etc wouldn't count against the
           | deficit.
        
             | aurareturn wrote:
             | This is where the calculation is extremely unfair to a
             | country like Vietnam. They export low value physical goods
             | and import high value services like ChatGPT, engineering
             | consultations, etc. They're getting screwed by this tariff
             | plan.
             | 
             | Any tariff based on trade deficit needs to account for
             | services.
        
               | amarshall wrote:
               | Well the U.S. gets screwed too, the admin just doesn't
               | realize it.
        
               | rtkwe wrote:
               | You shouldn't put tariffs based on deficits period
               | because it's a brain dead way to think about
               | international trade. The whole idea is flawed from the
               | jump so there's no way to make it rational, it's
               | inherently irrational.
        
               | macinjosh wrote:
               | No it doesn't. Trump's whole issue here isn't making more
               | money for the federal government. His issue is that the
               | American economy no longer works for you if you are a
               | blue collar worker.
               | 
               | The services we export are performed largely by white
               | collar, college educated people. A good number of whom
               | are here on H1-B visas. What service can an unemployed
               | factory worker export to Vietnam? We have to end
               | globalization of industry or wealth inequality will just
               | continue to spiral.
        
               | yojo wrote:
               | There are ~600k H1B visa holders in the US. the tech
               | sector alone has ~10M workers, and professional workers
               | are ~9x that again. That boogeyman represents < 1% of the
               | relevant workforce.
               | 
               | "White collar" work is the majority of US employment.
               | It's unclear to me if you're proposing sacrificing white
               | collar for blue collar jobs, but that's not a trade our
               | economy overall wants to make.
               | 
               | Relatedly, the unemployment rate for US factory workers
               | is 2.9%. This is a very low unemployment number - 5% is
               | generally considered "full employment," and anything
               | below that indicates a labor shortage. So your
               | hypothetical factory worker should probably just go get
               | another job.
        
               | Yeul wrote:
               | I don't understand the nostalgia for manufacturing jobs.
               | My mom worked in a factory putting pickles into glass
               | bottles. It was not her dream job. I can still remember
               | how she smelled after a shift. But it was the only
               | employment she could find in that village.
               | 
               | Things got better when we moved after a few years and she
               | shifted into a healthcare job. White collar if you will.
        
               | jillyboel wrote:
               | His issue is actually that Putin told him to jump, and so
               | he has to jump. You're utterly delusional if you think
               | Trump gives a single diaper filled with shit about the
               | "blue collar workers"
        
             | seanalltogether wrote:
             | I'm glad I read your comment because I've been wondering
             | the whole time whether services are factored in. It's
             | absolutely insane that the administration is ignoring the
             | exported value of some of the biggest companies in America
             | that all these countries are buying services from.
        
           | emptyfile wrote:
           | >Are we factoring in digital/service trades?
           | 
           | ???
           | 
           | Of course not. The entire time Trump is railing against the
           | deficit, he's talking only about goods. He wants to bring
           | back manufacturing to America, didn't you hear?
           | 
           | No one asked him this shit on the campaign trail?
        
           | wormlord wrote:
           | Wow, everything's computer!
        
         | jorge-d wrote:
         | It's even worse, they literally got their formula from a llm
         | model (probably Grok?) =>
         | https://bsky.app/profile/dansinker.com/post/3llunnyfeoj2v
         | 
         | "To calculate reciprocal tariffs, import and export data from
         | the U.S. Census Bureau for 2024. Parameter values for e and ph
         | were selected. The price elasticity of import demand, e, was
         | set at 4.
         | 
         | Recent evidence suggests the elasticity is near 2 in the long
         | run (Boehm et al., 2023), but estimates of the elasticity vary.
         | To be conservative, studies that find higher elasticities near
         | 3-4 were drawn on. The elasticity of import prices with respect
         | to tariffs, ph, is 0.25."[0]
         | 
         | [0] https://ustr.gov/issue-areas/reciprocal-tariff-calculations
        
           | cbolton wrote:
           | Do I understand this right: The evidence that they took it
           | from a LLM is that all LLMs give the same answer and this
           | answer describes what they did?
           | 
           | By that logic, it looks like Pythagoras got his theorem from
           | an LLM...
        
             | sussmannbaka wrote:
             | If ChatGPT was available back then, sure.
        
             | garfield_light wrote:
             | It explains why they singled out Reunion from France, it
             | has a separate ccTLD. That type of mistake is the kind a
             | LLM would do, not a human...
             | 
             | I'm convinced. this is fucking crazy.
        
               | nonethewiser wrote:
               | >It explains why they singled out Reunion from France, it
               | has a separate ccTLD
               | 
               | It also has a separate country abbreviation (RE). You
               | know, like you'd see on an address. The thing that tells
               | you where something, like a good imported in to the
               | United States, is coming from.
               | 
               | This is is why it has a separate ccTLD by the way.
               | 
               | This blue sky thread is just an incredible example of
               | motivated reasoning.
        
               | garfield_light wrote:
               | > It also has a separate country abbreviation (RE). You
               | know, like you'd see on an address. The thing that tells
               | you where something, like a good imported in to the
               | United States, is coming from.
               | 
               | Yes, obviously, it's ISO 3166-1 but that's a batshit way
               | of assigning tariffs. To the point I suspect it's a LLM.
               | 
               | Norfolk Island? The island with 3000 people, which in the
               | context of international trade is a speck at the side of
               | Australia. Or the _uninhabited_ Heard Island and McDonald
               | Islands with zero trade?
               | 
               | If Reunion and Norfolk Island are to be considered
               | separately from their mainlands, where are the tariffs
               | for Easter Island (Chile)? It has more people than
               | Norfolk and probably more trade, it's 3700ish km from the
               | administrative region it belongs, so it geographically
               | distinct like Reunion.
               | 
               | Anyone (with a pulse) tasked with calculating the tariffs
               | would see this and think "I have to remove these
               | outliers". So the two options are:
               | 
               | A. Someone took the ISO 3166-1 codes and brainlessly
               | calculated their batshit formula without noticing that HM
               | doesn't produce anything. They did not instead do the
               | more natural thing, go from highest imports to lowest
               | which would've eliminated HM and most anomalies. _They
               | didn 't even check their work._
               | 
               | B. They asked an LLM, which calculated this in the most
               | naive way possible one-shot.
               | 
               | I dunno governor, this looks like vibecoded Excel
               | spreadsheets.
        
             | nonethewiser wrote:
             | Its worse than that. Its like saying you must have used
             | chat gpt because you answered that 2+2= 4 and _gasp_ so do
             | the LLMs! Nevermind that its just the obvious answer to the
             | question.
             | 
             | Lets see the prompt. The prompt further down in the thread
             | that reproduces it was asking how to use tariffs to balance
             | trade deficits with a 10% minimum. Is there any other
             | answer then set the rate such that the deficit goes away or
             | 10%, whichever is greater? No. That's just the answer to
             | the question and is why ALL LLMs give the same answer.
        
           | 93po wrote:
           | It is really silly to say that because an LLM gave a similar
           | approach a single time and someone took a screencap of it
           | without full context, that Elon and Trump are sitting in the
           | whitehouse asking Grok what to. This level of hyperbole is
           | why reading about anything to do with the two of them is
           | really exhausting.
        
             | kjkjadksj wrote:
             | People are saying they literally used the trade deficit and
             | the formula they published that they claim doesn't do this
             | multiplies that value by 4 and then 0.25. Yeah... that is
             | what we are dealing with.
        
             | myvoiceismypass wrote:
             | > Elon and Trump are sitting in the whitehouse asking Grok
             | what to
             | 
             | Not perhaps Elon or Trump themselves (doubt Trump can
             | actually use a computer), but it could very well be one of
             | the teens like the so-called "Big Balls" that apparently
             | have their hands in everything.
             | 
             | > This level of hyperbole is why reading about anything to
             | do with the two of them is really exhausting
             | 
             | Almost as exhausting as their daily actions / tweets /
             | rants.
        
             | nonethewiser wrote:
             | >It is really silly to say that because an LLM gave a
             | similar approach a single time and someone took a screencap
             | of it without full context, that Elon and Trump are sitting
             | in the whitehouse asking Grok what to.
             | 
             | A similar approach to a _close-ended question_.
             | 
             | The original screenshot doesnt show the prompt. The one
             | reproducing it asks for a tariff policy to eliminate trade
             | deficits with a 10% minimum. Umm... hello? There is only
             | one answer to that. The greater value between 10% and a
             | rate based on the deficit. Of course the Trump policy and
             | all 4 LLM answers agree. The answer is determined by the
             | question.
             | 
             | Its like accusing little Timmy of cheating on his math
             | homework because he said 2+2=4 and -- _GASP_ -- so do all
             | the LLMs!
        
           | MaxHoppersGhost wrote:
           | LLMs are basically just good at sourcing ideas from the
           | internet. Me thinks this just means that this tariff idea
           | exists on the internet, especially since grok, chatgpt, etc
           | all come up with the same idea. We used to not have income
           | taxes and funded the govt with tariffs so this probably isn't
           | a new concept despite media outlets pretending like it is.
        
             | sebazzz wrote:
             | > Me thinks this just means that this tariff idea exists on
             | the internet
             | 
             | Probably from some random genius on reddit.
        
             | sn9 wrote:
             | It's good at _compressing_ information from the internet,
             | usually not losslessly.
        
             | grotorea wrote:
             | Are you implying there is a very small chance that if
             | someone posted in 2018 reddit "We should tariff Algeria at
             | 35% because X", the LLM that the administration may have
             | used would have agreed with random redditor?
        
           | fancyfredbot wrote:
           | Wow. So they came up with zero-effort estimates of the tariff
           | rate which would balance the trade deficit. The method is
           | like something you'd be asked to criticise in A level
           | economics.
           | 
           | Then they incorrectly labelled these numbers as reciprocal
           | tarrifs implying this is what other countries charge the US.
           | 
           | The worst of it is that all of this misinformation will be
           | happily accepted as truth by so many people. It's now going
           | to be almost impossible to have people realise the truth,
           | especially those people who support Trump. Ugh.
        
             | lowercased wrote:
             | > It's now going to be almost impossible to have people
             | realise the truth, especially those people who support
             | Trump
             | 
             |  _NOW_? It 's been this way for close to 10 years.
        
         | DanielVZ wrote:
         | Does this mean that software worldwide gets a boon since:
         | 
         | 1. It's not affected by these tariffs 2. It wasn't used as a
         | basis for the calculation
        
           | rbetts wrote:
           | It seems more likely that the EU will retaliate by taxing (or
           | prohibiting) US services.
        
           | dumbledoren wrote:
           | The Eu will take care of that by slapping taxes/tariffs or
           | regulations, and the rest of the world will also do the same.
           | Play stupid games, win stupid prizes.
        
         | hartator wrote:
         | What's the actual tariffs other countries are charging the US
         | then?
        
         | jccalhoun wrote:
         | Interesting. While I think these tariffs are a bad idea, I'm
         | not qualified to fully pass judgement. However, knowing Trump,
         | when I saw the numbers I instantly suspected they would be
         | wrong.
        
       | nurettin wrote:
       | "Reduces trillions of foreign debt, also causes double that in
       | inflation"
        
       | Larrikin wrote:
       | There's a lot of speculation that the Switch 2 would be atleast
       | hundred dollars less without this nonsense. The Japan exclusive
       | version of the Switch 2 seems to support this, with it's
       | restrictions that insulate Japan, support the notion that English
       | actually isn't needed in Japan (nor any other languages), by
       | releasing a version of the Switch 2 that is far cheaper but only
       | allows you to play games in Japanese.
        
       | VectorLock wrote:
       | Someone figured out that the new tariffs are just our trade
       | deficit with that country divided by the country's exports. I
       | think more and more we see lots of evidence they don't know what
       | they're doing.
        
         | Freedom2 wrote:
         | So I'm guessing it's not important to tariff the penguins of
         | Antarctic Island?
        
           | sandworm101 wrote:
           | Penguins are a myth. They are all too identical. Clearly cgi.
        
             | xanathar wrote:
             | And they run Linux
        
               | CoastalCoder wrote:
               | Penguins are just mascots.
               | 
               | You're probably thinking of that one dead badger.
        
             | gpderetta wrote:
             | Of course, penguins are birds and birds aren't real.
        
               | sandworm101 wrote:
               | Oh, birds are very real. They just run on batteries.
        
         | dragonwriter wrote:
         | > Someone figured out that the new tariffs are just our trade
         | deficit with that country divided by the country's exports.
         | 
         | Note that the White House has both (1) officially denied this,
         | (2) provided the formula they assert was used as support for
         | that denial; but the formula is exactly what they are denying
         | but with two additional globally-constant elasticity factors in
         | the divisor, however, those elasticity factors are 4 and 0.25,
         | so...
        
           | jmeyer2k wrote:
           | wait seriously? can you provide a source? That is some
           | serious denial of reality by the administration
        
             | bcraven wrote:
             | https://ustr.gov/issue-areas/reciprocal-tariff-calculations
        
             | ncallaway wrote:
             | https://x.com/KushDesai47/status/1907618136444067901
        
           | stingrae wrote:
           | for reference, the Deputy White House Press Secretary's tweet
           | (providing evidence of (2):
           | https://x.com/KushDesai47/status/1907618136444067901
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | It also proves (1), since it is a response (QRT, rather
             | than a comment) to a tweet describing the trade
             | deficit/exports approach, and starts with "No we literally
             | calculated tariff and non tariff barriers.", and then
             | presents the formula proving (2).
        
               | tailspin2019 wrote:
               | What's QRT?
        
               | MarcelOlsz wrote:
               | I assume quote retweet.
        
               | alfiedotwtf wrote:
               | The Onion couldn't even make half of this up without
               | looking like bad writers... but here we are
        
               | stavros wrote:
               | Reality isn't constrained by quality bars.
        
               | BLKNSLVR wrote:
               | Someone quoted this headline elsewhere, so I looked up
               | the actual article[0].
               | 
               | It would have been hilarious back in 2001. It's...
               | scarily prescient in 2025. Can satire be just too good?
               | 
               | [0]: https://theonion.com/bush-our-long-national-
               | nightmare-of-pea...
        
               | rtkwe wrote:
               | That formula just simplifies to
               | trade_deficit/2*total_imports per country. It doesn't
               | disprove anything it just looks fancier but the two extra
               | terms are constants that simplify to 2. If you do the
               | math it lines up for every country that didn't get the
               | default 10% rate.
               | 
               | https://imgur.com/a/jBTiz7T
        
           | wonnage wrote:
           | I've seen people use "sanewashing" to refer to the type of
           | comment you're replying to, there's no sane explanation but
           | people try to come up with one because the world doesn't make
           | sense otherwise
        
             | Gud wrote:
             | It makes perfect sense. You have a narcissistic asshole in
             | the White House who got elected because the Democratic
             | Party fumbled the ball.
        
               | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
               | Some corrupt members of Congress and the judiciary
               | deserve some of the blame.
        
               | ikt wrote:
               | I wouldn't put 100% of the blame on the Democrats, here
               | in Australia we are frequently voting for the least worst
               | option not the best, and I'm not sure how the Democrats
               | weren't the least worst option when compared to the other
               | option
               | 
               | but for some reason a whole heap of people decided to
               | stay home this time and this is the result, hope they
               | still feel happy with their decision
        
               | tunesmith wrote:
               | I've heard that there's polling lately to indicate that's
               | not true (unsure on source, it might have been an
               | interview at Vox.com), and that higher turnout would have
               | advantaged the Republicans further.
        
               | roenxi wrote:
               | Probably stemming from David Shor's Blue Rose Research. I
               | bumped into that @ https://www.liberalpatriot.com/p/new-
               | insights-on-why-harris-...
        
               | munksbeer wrote:
               | > You have a narcissistic asshole in the White House who
               | got elected because the Democratic Party fumbled the
               | ball.
               | 
               | It don't want to sound too persnickety, but there is
               | always at least one losing side in an election. It
               | doesn't have to mean they dropped the ball, it could just
               | mean people preferred the other option. Hindsight bias is
               | wonderful, but you have no idea what would have happened
               | if they'd run with a different agenda, they may have had
               | a worse result.
        
               | CapricornNoble wrote:
               | > but you have no idea what would have happened if they'd
               | run with a different agenda, they may have had a worse
               | result.
               | 
               | The 2024 election had historically-low support from
               | normally stalwart Democrat demographics such as Latinos,
               | the youth vote, and black males. That, IMO, supports the
               | conclusion that the Democrats did _something_ wrong this
               | time. Also, not only did those groups abstain but Trump
               | also picked up quite a few votes from them (especially
               | working-age black males), suggesting that they are swing
               | voters who probably could have been swayed to stay on the
               | Dem plantation if exposed to more convincing messaging,
               | or a more compelling Democrat candidate.
        
               | munksbeer wrote:
               | That's fair, thanks.
        
               | 7jjjjjjj wrote:
               | I'm not sure how you could look at 2024 and _not_ see a
               | historically terrible campaign by the Democrats. They had
               | to force the presumptive nominee to drop out because his
               | brain was dripping out his ears. That alone would do it!
        
             | bawolff wrote:
             | I think often trump's policies are rooted in some sort of
             | idea that is perhaps controversial but at least not totally
             | insane, and then implemented in the most boneheaded way
             | possible.
             | 
             | E.g. one explanation given for these trade policies is that
             | trump sees a war with china down the line and is worried
             | that china has tons of factories that could be converted to
             | make ammunition while usa does not.
             | 
             | If so, there is at least some logic to the base idea, but
             | the implementation is crazy, probably not going to work
             | that effectively, and going to piss off all amrrica's
             | allies which would be bad if WW3 is really on the horizon.
        
               | facile3232 wrote:
               | I like this take a lot. I also think that America
               | competing on manufacturing is obviously never going to
               | happen.
        
               | okr wrote:
               | Why is it obvious and why never?
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | Unemployment is at 4%, there's no reserve army of labor
               | that can be mobilized to make flashlights and sew
               | t-shirts for $3/hr.
               | 
               | Anyways, I hope you're looking foward to prices for
               | everything going up.
        
               | pcdoodle wrote:
               | Could be a thing? Perhaps people might start caring about
               | product durability and stop buying cheap shit that goes
               | in a landfill because the producers only care about shelf
               | appeal.
        
               | 42772827 wrote:
               | This is my hope, too. But also I fear the transition is
               | going to be ugly. Personally I feel lucky that I'm not
               | just starting out my life -- I already have high quality
               | stuff.
        
               | tnolet wrote:
               | But then we can promote immigration from poorer
               | neighbouring countries to pick up the work. Oh wait...
        
               | amanaplanacanal wrote:
               | The folks who voted because of the price of eggs are not
               | going to be happy. And midterm elections are next year.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | They didn't really care about egg prices.
        
               | geysersam wrote:
               | Because Americans are too rich and manufacturing is too
               | cheap. If any of those changes it's a different story,
               | but that's unlikely to happen.
        
               | matwood wrote:
               | I think there is a bit more nuance. US manufacturing
               | _jobs_ are never coming back. If you look at the stats,
               | US manufacturing output continues to set records. Yes,
               | the US is second to China (has been since ~2010), but
               | that was bound to happen on population /demographics
               | alone.
        
               | aurareturn wrote:
               | E.g. one explanation given for these trade policies is
               | that trump sees a war with china down the line and is
               | worried that china has tons of factories that could be
               | converted to make ammunition while usa does not.
               | 
               | 1. US will never outproduce China in ammunition
               | 
               | 2. Alienating allies won't help the US produce ammunition
        
               | sandworm101 wrote:
               | It is the logic of schoolchildren. It is the simplistic
               | logic of a teenager discovering Ayn Rand's wikipedia
               | entry. (Grover Norquits came up with his tax pledge while
               | in highschool.) The world is more complicated than any
               | econ 099 exam.
        
               | pbhjpbhj wrote:
               | >Trump sees a war with china down the line
               | 
               | So is destroying diplomatic relations with all their
               | allies and trying to force ceding of power in central
               | Europe to a former enemy who is allied to China?
               | 
               | Go on with ya.
               | 
               | He's a prick saving himself from prison whilst being
               | willingly used to establish an oligarchic fascist state
               | from the former USA.
        
               | bawolff wrote:
               | If you follow the logic of it, at least to the first
               | order - fighting a two front war is bad, forcing europe
               | to deal with russia frees up USA to focus on china.
               | America's withdrawl from europe has made european states
               | panic and re-arm, and you could argue that a well-armed
               | europe that grudgingly helps america with a common enemy
               | would be better than a poorly armed europe that uselessly
               | helps willingly.
               | 
               | The second order effects of what he's doing are pretty
               | obviously terrible for usa, but quite frankly i dont
               | think trump is smart enough to see that.
               | 
               | [To be clear i think trump is stupid, but i don't think
               | his actions are entirely random. There is a chain of
               | reasoning here, it just misses the forest for the trees]
        
               | matwood wrote:
               | The problem with this line of reasoning is that Trump
               | just pushed our allies in that part of the world closer
               | to China. China stated the other day they are working on
               | a joint response to tariffs with Japan and South Korea.
               | Additionally, leaving power gaps around the world from
               | the pullback of USAID gives China an in to be the 'good
               | guy'. This is the exact opposite of planning for a
               | conflict with China. In fact, it feels like ceding the
               | fight before it even begins (much like what he did with
               | Russia).
        
               | rcxdude wrote:
               | > America's withdrawl from europe has made european
               | states panic and re-arm
               | 
               | Russia's invasion of Ukraine is more immediate concern
               | there. Even if Europe still could count on the USA's NATO
               | commitments 100% the war was a big wake-up call in terms
               | of readiness.
        
               | bawolff wrote:
               | If you look at what has happened i'm not sure. The
               | ukraine invasion has been happening for a while now, and
               | it has caused increase defense spending in europe
               | somewhat, but it seems suddenly over the last three month
               | the needle has been moving a lot faster than the last few
               | years.
        
               | 2muchcoffeeman wrote:
               | How will they project power into the Asia Pacific now
               | they have tariffed their allies and probably forgotten
               | about AUKUS?
        
               | intended wrote:
               | There is no logic to these things. This is the emperors
               | new clothes, over and over again.
               | 
               | The proximate cause for these tariffs is not some future
               | event. This is post fact rationalization.
               | 
               | The proximate cause is still the ongoing "information"
               | war which determines the perceived reality that is
               | litigated in elections.
               | 
               | Earlier politicians played theater, acting as if the red
               | meat being fed to voters was real on TV, but dealing with
               | reality as need be when it came to decision making.
               | 
               | This was a betrayal of voters, who saw their election
               | efforts result in legislators who didnt do what they
               | said.
               | 
               | Trump does what he says. He believes WWE is real, and
               | acts as if it is. His base believes it is real, and now
               | reality is crashing with the fiction.
               | 
               | The fiction will prevail, because his party has also been
               | working to build the power to enact their will.
               | 
               | Everyone sees logic here, the same way that everyone saw
               | the emperors clothes. The alternative is illogical.
               | 
               | This is the reason potential reasons "we dont know" have
               | to be postulated (war / China can make more ammunition)
        
               | KaiserPro wrote:
               | You're giving him too much credit.
               | 
               | Trump has always liked tariffs [alas, I can't find the
               | source for this pre-presidency, its been blown out by
               | current events]. He thinks trade is a zero sum game,
               | _and_ thinks that someone else set up the petro-dollar
               | system.
               | 
               | Trump has consistently and reiliably always cowered away
               | from war. Using other means to stop it (see russia, NK,
               | China, Iran). Yes I hear the "we're going to invade x, y
               | and z" but they never acutally came to anything (is that
               | because of his advisors?)
               | 
               | Trump doesn't think about future capacity, only future
               | pride. Does this change "make american stronger, and
               | other weaker" is pretty much the only calculus that he's
               | doing.
               | 
               | Trump's thinking is roughly as following:
               | 
               | "Why do we have taxes when we can use tariffs to raise
               | cash and bring power back?"
               | 
               | "Why don't they buy from us?"(china/rest of asia)
               | 
               | "why are we spending money on them, when we don't get any
               | money back? They are weak."(NATO)
               | 
               | "Why are we punishing russia, they are offering deals"
               | (Putin offering cash deals)
               | 
               | There is no 4d chess. Its just a man who's pretty far
               | gone, shitting out edicts to idiots willing to implement
               | them.
        
               | vitus wrote:
               | > Trump has always liked tariffs [alas, I can't find the
               | source for this pre-presidency, its been blown out by
               | current events].
               | 
               | Here you go, Feb 2011: https://money.cnn.com/2011/02/10/n
               | ews/economy/donald_trump_c...
               | 
               | "The comment repeated past statements from "The
               | Apprentice" star, who has said he wants to put a 25%
               | tariff on all Chinese imports, to level trade imbalances
               | in the global economy."
        
               | KaiserPro wrote:
               | thank you for this link, it is most appreciated.
        
               | zimpenfish wrote:
               | > [alas, I can't find the source for this pre-presidency,
               | its been blown out by current events].
               | 
               | Doesn't help that Google's custom time range search is
               | complete garbage. Searched for "trump tariffs" from
               | 1/1/1980 to 1/1/2010 and almost every link is about the
               | current tariffs _but_ with timestamps between 1980 and
               | 2010.
               | 
               | e.g. "20 Nov 1987 -- President Donald Trump issued a slew
               | of tariffs on Chinese goods", "30 Jun 1981 -- Ontario
               | Premier Doug Ford announced Monday a 25% increase on
               | electricity exports to some American states as a result
               | of President Donald Trump's tariffs", "31 Dec 1999 -- IMF
               | says too early for precise analysis on Trump tariff
               | impact", "1 Feb 2001 -- Trump's Global Tariff War Begins"
               | 
               | Did find a couple of links that were chronologically
               | correct - a 1999 Guardian story about Trump wanting to
               | tax the rich(!) and a 1987 NYT story about Reagan putting
               | tariffs on Japan.
               | 
               | (duckduckgo was even worse)
        
               | KaiserPro wrote:
               | Excellent research, many thanks!
        
               | masfuerte wrote:
               | Trump's tariff mania goes back decades. There was an
               | article about it in The Times a couple of days ago.
               | Sadly, it's paywalled.
               | 
               | https://www.thetimes.com/us/news-today/article/why-trump-
               | tar...
        
               | giantrobot wrote:
               | https://archive.ph/ugF8W
        
               | mytailorisrich wrote:
               | The US are never going into a direct war with China, and
               | China is never going into a direct war with the US. This
               | is M.A.D in action.
               | 
               | At most we might see a proxy war over Taiwan (i.e. the US
               | supporting and arming Taiwan, with sanctions against the
               | PRC). The risk would then be a widespread disruption of
               | global trade, at which point the US would not want to be
               | dependent on the Chinese economy or factories in any way.
        
             | mytailorisrich wrote:
             | Sometimes something does not make sense because we don't
             | see or understand the big picture and what people are
             | trying to achieve, and thus it literally does not "make
             | sense".
             | 
             | Trump is neither stupid nor insane and he will have access
             | to many very smart people, too. Based on that the
             | reasonable assumption is that they are trying to achieve a
             | well-defined objective and have set a plan in motion to do
             | so.
             | 
             | The "game" is thus to figure it out. @ggm's comment above
             | is one possibility.
        
               | mkleczek wrote:
               | There are two issues with this thinking:
               | 
               | 1. It is authoritarian. Democratically elected leader's
               | duty is to present the policies he plans to implement so
               | that voters can decide if they want them implemented.
               | 
               | 2. It is based on the "4D chess" myth - that the leader
               | is way smarter than the rest and is capable of
               | outsmarting other countries. The history shows that it is
               | never true. The leaders are normal people. And the
               | institutions are as good as the founding principles that
               | are honored by them.
        
               | mytailorisrich wrote:
               | (1) is you not liking it, not that it isn't the case.
               | Whether it is authoritarian or not is besides the point.
               | (2) I am not claiming that they can "outsmart" anyone,
               | just that the objective and plan may not be publicly or
               | explicitly stated, or even that what is publicly stated
               | is not the real objective (this is not "4D chess" this is
               | actually how things tend to be in practice from politics
               | to business).
        
               | throwawayqqq11 wrote:
               | (1) Bypassing the judicative branch _is_ authoritarian.
               | 
               | (2) You just claimed trump has access to smart advisors
               | and some hidden masterplan but you ignore all counter
               | indication. He ousts critical journalists, nominates
               | incompetent staff, invasion-mongers, tweets and plays
               | golf alot.
               | 
               | If i can see any common factor in his insanity, its the
               | need to have an enemy to pose as the strong man against,
               | which indicates that trump does not have a constructive
               | vision for the US.
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | > Democratically elected leader's duty is to present the
               | policies he plans to implement so that voters can decide
               | if they want them implemented.
               | 
               | That's 100% not true. A candidate leader might tell you
               | what they're going to do, and then you elect the leader,
               | and then they do them, but they don't propose plans once
               | in power to see if the electorate like them.
               | 
               | As much as I'm not a Trump fan, I really don't like that
               | people use a separate yardstick to measure him vs people
               | they like.
        
               | mkleczek wrote:
               | There is a fine line between democratic leadership and
               | authoritarianism.
               | 
               | Public consultations and transparency are two crucial and
               | lately very under appreciated parts of democracy.
               | 
               | If a leader cheats the voters it is no longer democracy.
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | Possibly, but the thing I have repeatedly heard is "Trump
               | is doing this because he promised it on the campaign
               | trail". The things might be bad (e.g. some pardon didn't
               | sound great) but I wouldn't describe him as not
               | fulfilling anything. He seems to have made some very
               | specific promises, and has kept at least some of them.
               | 
               | Maybe there's a website that keeps track somewhere.
        
               | intended wrote:
               | Occam's razor is specifically a counter to this.
               | 
               | The simplest solution is the right one. You are
               | projecting intelligence, because you are used to.
               | 
               | This is AFTER the US government has roundly fired
               | thousands of their experts and workforce, AND has just
               | told everyone of its intelligence and army rank and file
               | that there are no repercussions for a massive dereliction
               | of duty.
               | 
               | AND IT IS ONLY APRIL.
        
               | mytailorisrich wrote:
               | On the contrary, in context I believe my comment is
               | actually the simplest explanation. Claiming that the US
               | government is insane while we, as random members of the
               | public know better, is certainly not the simplest
               | explanation...
               | 
               | It does not imply that what they are doing is a good idea
               | or will work (whatever the objective is), just that there
               | is more rational thought in what they are doing than what
               | people might assume because the public does not have the
               | information and seeing through what is going on requires
               | insights that most people don't have, either.
               | 
               | Again, check @ggm comment above. I am not saying that
               | this is what is going on but it is a possibility, and an
               | average member of the public would never think of that
               | scenario and thus wouldn't see the order in the apparent
               | chaos.
        
               | matwood wrote:
               | > Claiming that the US government is insane while we, as
               | random members of the public know better
               | 
               | Not insane, incompetent.
               | 
               | The problem with primarily hiring sycophants from his
               | favorite cable news channel is that he's not getting the
               | best, even from the GOP. This also makes him even more
               | susceptible to people with their own agendas like Musk
               | since no one is willing to pushback.
        
               | intended wrote:
               | Curious - what would count as a non-average member of
               | public?
        
               | rockinghigh wrote:
               | You don't need much background in Economics to understand
               | that blanket tariffs hurt companies that rely on imports
               | and exports and lead to higher prices. They used an LLM
               | to come up with a formula that's just the trade deficit
               | when you simplify it and called it "tariffs charged to
               | the USA".
        
               | aredox wrote:
               | "Very smart people"
               | 
               | https://nitter.net/KushDesai47/status/1907618136444067901
        
               | rcxdude wrote:
               | 1) heads of state can in fact be incredibly incompetent
               | 2) the goal could entirely be 'stay in power' (which can
               | also be implemented incompetently!)
               | 
               | The UK for a good few years had a government which had
               | both these attributes. They were only interested in
               | policies which would appeal to their base, but eventually
               | even those soured on them because the policies were
               | implemented so badly.
        
             | gsf_emergency_2 wrote:
             | Paper backing ggm's take:
             | 
             | https://www.hudsonbaycapital.com/documents/FG/hudsonbay/res
             | e...
             | 
             | https://www.reuters.com/markets/us/markets-wrestle-with-
             | trum...
             | 
             | > _In a November paper, economist Stephen Miran, whom Trump
             | has picked to chair his Council of Economic Advisors,
             | raised the possibility that Trump could use the threat of
             | tariffs and the lure of U.S. security support to persuade
             | foreign governments to swap their Treasury holdings for
             | lower-cost century bonds._
             | 
             | Via
             | 
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43350553
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43561808
             | 
             | Just so pple get the credit (even if they appear to be not
             | so sane)
        
           | anigbrowl wrote:
           | 'Excuse me, we used _Greek symbols_ to calculate this!
           | Checkmate, libs! '
        
             | sandworm101 wrote:
             | Just dont tell them about the _arabic_ numerals. I dont
             | want to buy a new calculator. Not under these tarrifs.
        
               | mpreda wrote:
               | > arabic numerals
               | 
               | Soon to be "Numerals of America"
        
               | baobabKoodaa wrote:
               | You mean "God Bless The America Freedom Numerals
               | Sponsored By Brawndo"?
        
               | chasd00 wrote:
               | The math mutilater!
        
               | layer8 wrote:
               | I'm afraid they'll be learning about reverse Polish
               | notation.
        
           | namaria wrote:
           | Wow I really just read a .gov website trying to obscure a
           | formula by multiplying 0.25 by 4.
           | 
           | I'm stunned.
           | 
           | https://ustr.gov/issue-areas/reciprocal-tariff-calculations
           | 
           | "To calculate reciprocal tariffs, import and export data from
           | the U.S. Census Bureau for 2024. Parameter values for e and
           | ph were selected. The price elasticity of import demand, e,
           | was set at 4.
           | 
           | Recent evidence suggests the elasticity is near 2 in the long
           | run (Boehm et al., 2023), but estimates of the elasticity
           | vary. To be conservative, studies that find higher
           | elasticities near 3-4 (e.g., Broda and Weinstein 2006;
           | Simonovska and Waugh 2014; Soderbery 2018) were drawn on. The
           | elasticity of import prices with respect to tariffs, ph, is
           | 0.25."
        
             | oefrha wrote:
             | In practice I believe at least 90% of Americans can't
             | figure out what that formula actually means; but if they
             | drop the epsilon phi bullshit only 70% can't figure it out.
             | So it's pretty effective obfuscation after all.
        
             | stabbles wrote:
             | "Assuming that offsetting exchange rate and general
             | equilibrium effects are small enough to be ignored"
             | 
             | Yes, let's assume the world is constant and changes are
             | made in isolation.
        
               | ta1243 wrote:
               | What's the laden velocity of a spherical import with no
               | air resistance?
        
               | giantrobot wrote:
               | African or European?
        
             | kragen wrote:
             | Thank you for finding this. It's extremely valuable for
             | those of us who are trying to make sense of the tariffs.
        
             | myvoiceismypass wrote:
             | This is the same president that took a sharpie to a map, to
             | show the incorrect path of a storm, because he could not
             | admit being wrong or making a mistake.
             | 
             | These people are either malicious or incompetent. That's
             | been the case for every single day of the decade-ish that
             | Trump has been foisted upon us.
        
         | pesus wrote:
         | To give further evidence that they don't know what they're
         | doing, it's easy to generate this tariff plan using a fairly
         | simple LLM prompt that gives back that same ratio:
         | 
         | https://bsky.app/profile/amyhoy.bsky.social/post/3lluo7jmsss...
        
           | gota wrote:
           | Jesus Christ.
        
           | dmos62 wrote:
           | This is cosmic-level hilarious.
        
           | pera wrote:
           | That might explain this then:
           | 
           | > Trump Tariffs Hit Antarctic Islands Inhabited by Zero
           | Humans and Many Penguins
           | 
           | https://www.wired.com/story/trump-tariffs-antarctic-
           | islands-...
        
           | seszett wrote:
           | If anyone needed any more evidence that they don't know what
           | they're doing, what I find interesting is that the various
           | French overseas territories that are part of the EU are
           | tariffed at different rates than the rest of the EU (treating
           | those as separate countries is traditional for any US
           | company, which is sometimes a headache when you want to order
           | something).
           | 
           | Reunion is at 37%, which isn't a problem because any company
           | in Reunion could just use an address on mainland France, but
           | there's more: Guadeloupe, Martinique and French Guiana are
           | tariffed at 10%.
           | 
           | Does that make an easy loophole for any EU company wishing to
           | export things to the US at a 10% tariff?
           | 
           | If these published rates actually going to be enforced this
           | way, it seems like the whole EU has a very easy way to use
           | the 10% rate.
        
             | hnaccount_rng wrote:
             | Are those part of the EU? The whole membership of EU (or
             | more precisely European institutions) is a mess and I
             | really only know EEA, Schengen and Eurozone by heart. But
             | there definitely are territories which are part of e.g.
             | France, but not part of the EU
        
               | orwin wrote:
               | Yes, but Martinique is not considered a territory, and is
               | considered part of the EU.
        
               | jajko wrote:
               | Sure they are, 2 seconds of googling compared to a minute
               | writing your post:
               | 
               | > The European Union (EU) has nine 'outermost regions'
               | (ORs): Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Martinique, Mayotte,
               | Reunion and Saint Martin (France), the Canary Islands
               | (Spain) and the Azores and Madeira (Portugal). The ORs
               | are an integral part of the EU and must apply its laws
               | and obligations.
        
               | foldr wrote:
               | French Guiana is in the EU.
        
               | seszett wrote:
               | They are part of the EU and are part of the EU customs
               | area, there is no practical difference with other EU
               | territories regarding trade.
               | 
               | They are not part of Schengen (but EU citizens don't need
               | any visa, it's mostly intended to curb illegal
               | immigration from South America via Guiana) and have the
               | ability to use different VAT rates from mainland France,
               | but that's all.
        
               | InsomniacL wrote:
               | I found it interesting that when the UK was part of the
               | EU, the Isle of Man was not, but because they held
               | British Passports, the people of the Isle of Man were EU
               | citizens.
        
               | seszett wrote:
               | It's the same for all the non-EU French territories. EU
               | citizenship is not territorial, it's directly linked to
               | the person's nationality so you wouldn't remove EU
               | citizenship from a French citizen just because he happens
               | to live in New Caledonia. French or British citizens
               | living in Canada _also_ are EU citizens after all.
               | 
               | The state of British citizenship is a bit more
               | complicated though I think. A bit like US citizenship
               | which kinda depends on which US territory one lives, as
               | far as I understand.
        
               | ta1243 wrote:
               | No, a British citizen is a British Citizen wherever you
               | live. There are tax implications based on where you live,
               | but that's unrelated.
        
               | seszett wrote:
               | Right, but citizens of British overseas territories,
               | crown dependencies and whatever other statuses exist are
               | not necessarily British citizens. Same as with the
               | various US territories.
               | 
               | This is what I meant when I said these citizenships work
               | in more complicated ways than the French one.
        
               | Mordisquitos wrote:
               | > the people of the Isle of Man were EU citizens.
               | 
               | Not quite, at least not by default. The pre-Brexit Manx
               | passport did confusingly include the text "European
               | Union" on its cover, but holders of Manx nationality were
               | only citizens of the EU if they had lived for at least 5
               | consecutive years in the UK or if they descended from a
               | UK parent or grandparent.
               | 
               | Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isle_of_Man-
               | variant_British_pa...
        
               | cycomanic wrote:
               | I think all French territories are part of the EU, but
               | some other countries work differently. The prime example
               | is St. Martin, where the French part is in the EU, but
               | the Dutch isn't (yes that technically puts a EU border
               | through the middle of the island, although there were no
               | pass controls when I was last there.).
        
             | sveme wrote:
             | French Guiana is part of the EU, sounds like mailboxes
             | there will soon become good business.
        
             | xyzzy123 wrote:
             | If exploitation of the "loophole" got to the point where it
             | starts affecting trade balance then presumably the rate
             | would be revised fairly quiclly.
        
             | fundad wrote:
             | Let's not assume they actually want a growing economy, I
             | don't think GOP voters want a growing economy.
        
           | MaxHoppersGhost wrote:
           | LLMs are basically just good at sourcing ideas from the
           | internet. Me thinks this just means that this tariff idea
           | exists on the internet, especially since grok, chatgpt, etc
           | all come up with the same idea. We used to not have income
           | taxes and funded the govt with tariffs so this probably isn't
           | a new concept despite media outlets pretending like it is.
        
         | zombiwoof wrote:
         | I think the Trump Crime family shorted the market last week and
         | made millions today and this week
        
           | jmeyer2k wrote:
           | Elon Musk directly benefits from this also, so...
        
             | tonyedgecombe wrote:
             | I'm not sure about that, he will be importing a lot of
             | parts for his cars.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | If you think Trump won't have exemptions for his friends,
               | I have some of his memecoins to sell you.
        
               | lawn wrote:
               | "These specific parts from these companies from these
               | countries receive 0% tariffs".
        
               | aredox wrote:
               | He doesn't care about Tesla anymore. He's making some fat
               | money out of AI, SpaceX is a money printing machine now
               | that he's got the ear of Trump and he's spending almost
               | all his daytime (and nightime) hours shitposting and
               | boosting racists on twitter.
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | > he will be importing a lot of parts for his cars.
               | 
               | How doesn't need to make as many of them anymore, so
               | that's a saving.
        
           | ohgr wrote:
           | I hope you're right as I'm betting on the short as well. Made
           | a crap load on TSLQ a while back.
           | 
           | I went from a low risk investor to betting on US doing stupid
           | stuff and stated making real money. Cognitive dissonance
           | investment I think.
        
             | kubb wrote:
             | I wish I had the guts to do that. Instead I stayed in my
             | diversified portfolio. :(
        
             | Freedom2 wrote:
             | Honestly I thought the billionaires would keep Trump in
             | check as they want number to go up, so I bet on that.
             | Hindsight is always 20/20 though :(
        
           | aurareturn wrote:
           | Now control the SEC so the privileged won't get investigated
           | for insider trading.
           | 
           | That's how you devolve into a 3rd world country by the way.
           | I've lived in 3rd world countries and seen this over and over
           | again. That's why 3rd world country stock markets don't go up
           | - because locals and international investors have a distrust
           | in them. Locals know insider trading is rampant.
           | 
           | Once this kind of corruption is accepted in society, everyone
           | will need corruption in order to stay ahead.
        
         | anon373839 wrote:
         | Who needs _more_ evidence?
         | 
         | I watched the man with my own eyes as he seriously floated the
         | idea of injecting disinfectants to treat Covid-19. That was
         | five years ago. His mental faculties have not improved since
         | then.
        
           | gblargg wrote:
           | The Drinking Bleach hoax:
           | https://americandebunk.com/2024/07/01/the-drinking-bleach-
           | ho...
        
             | flohofwoe wrote:
             | A bit strange that this surely totally objective and
             | unbiased site seems to lean heavily into one direction when
             | looking through the other 'debunks'.
        
               | coldtea wrote:
               | A bit strange that you sidestep the video and transcript
               | (which supports the debunking) because it doesn't fit
               | your confirmation bias
        
               | knowaveragejoe wrote:
               | The strange thing here is that you've chosen to defend
               | the indefensible on the grounds of trying to "both sides"
               | something that really is only from one side.
        
               | ta1243 wrote:
               | The site was of course trash, but from what I remember he
               | was asking if people gave themselves sunburn would it
               | kill covid.
               | 
               | His words to me felt they were those of a typical 5 year
               | old, or an 80 year old with dementia, asking questions
               | about subjects he doesn't understand but desperately
               | trying to fit in.
               | 
               | But no, he did then ask about injecting a disinfectant.
               | 
               | Now it's quite possible Trump doesn't know the meaning of
               | the word "disinfectant".
               | 
               | In the same press conference he also asked if "heat and
               | light" will get rid of covid.
               | 
               | (Although of course he says this as "suggestions" and the
               | "I'm just asking questions" tactic)
        
         | davedx wrote:
         | It's not: in the formula they posted, phi is the "passthrough
         | from tariffs to import prices". That's where the country's own
         | tariffs are factored in. Or am I reading this wrong?
        
           | agf wrote:
           | > Parameter Selection
           | 
           | > ... The price elasticity of import demand, e, was set at 4.
           | 
           | > ... The elasticity of import prices with respect to
           | tariffs, ph, is 0.25. ...
        
             | javcasas wrote:
             | Those two letters are Greek! Tariff them! Substitute them
             | with superior American letters, like... you know what you
             | have to do!
        
           | shawabawa3 wrote:
           | You're reading it wrong because it's nonsense
           | 
           | None of the values are related to their names in any way
        
             | aredox wrote:
             | It is AI-generated slop. They did no work on this at all.
        
         | anigbrowl wrote:
         | Have you considered the possibility that they know perfectly
         | well what they're doing and they're just lying about it?
         | Lutnick, the commerce secretary, has been CEO of Cantor
         | Fitzgerald for over 2 decades. The treasury secretary has a
         | similarly stellar resume. There is no way these people don't
         | understand the difference between expressing a trade deficit as
         | a ratio and actual tariffs laid by other countries.
         | 
         | Trump personally may or may not understand it (I think he does)
         | but his political superpower is his willingness to stand up in
         | public and say complete bullshit knowing that it's bullshit,
         | knowing that some people are fools who will uncritically
         | believe the bullshit, and other people are cynics who who will
         | nod along with the bullshit either to make money out of the
         | rubes or because they think it serves a strategic purpose.
         | 
         | You can waste years wondering which side of Hanlon's razor
         | someone is on, but it's important to remember that obsessing
         | over such dilemmas can lead to paralysis. Just like there are a
         | lot of street hustles and cons that depend on
         | confusing/misleading the mark before tricking or mugging them
         | out of their money, there are a lot of political gambits that
         | depend on inducing analysis-paralysis in opponents.
         | Manufacturing dilemmas is also a key element in military
         | strategy.
         | 
         | My advice is to stop worrying about whether these people are
         | such fools that you owe them some sort of empathy and an effort
         | to save them from themselves, or you will end up like Charlie
         | Brown having the football pulled way by Lucy _yet again_. It is
         | OK to cut them off and treat them as bad actors, for the same
         | reason you should often round off quantitative values instead
         | of obsessing over precision.
        
           | mullingitover wrote:
           | Let's not forget Congress could assert its authority over
           | tariffs at any time. This isn't just the executive branch
           | unilaterally creating the biggest, most regressive tax hike
           | in our lifetimes, it's a coordinated GOP operation.
        
             | vkou wrote:
             | I wonder what kind of phone calls their donors are having
             | with them.
        
           | nemothekid wrote:
           | > _Have you considered the possibility that they know
           | perfectly well what they 're doing and they're just lying
           | about it?_
           | 
           | Politicians are just pretending to be dumb? Why?
           | 
           | > _There is no way these people don 't understand the
           | difference between expressing a trade deficit as a ratio and
           | actual tariffs laid by other countries._
           | 
           | I don't think most people deny that these are capable
           | individuals. The problem is - I think the people in Trump's
           | inner circle now are sycophants first. They know what Trump
           | is doing is destructive, but they are just choose to be yes
           | men. Remember, this isn't Trump's first go-around, and the
           | majority of people who stood up to Trump the first time
           | (Pence, Barr, Perry, Price, Rex Tillerson) are gone.
           | 
           | Funny enough wikipedia has an article[1] about this that is
           | so large that it has many sub articles. Ultimately, I can't
           | trust that his appointments are exercising any sort of
           | discernment because a large number of his 2016 appointees
           | were fired for doing so.
           | 
           | In short, Fitzgerald could be a genius, but all signs point
           | to him being a yes-man that would rather sink the ship than
           | stand up to Trump.
           | 
           | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_dismissals_and_resi
           | gna...
        
             | anigbrowl wrote:
             | _Politicians are just pretending to be dumb? Why?_
             | 
             | I told you: because it creates a strategic dilemma that
             | paralyzes the opposition. The same reason a hustler
             | pretends to be dumb to lure the mark, the same reason
             | trolls use shitposting to bait people.
             | 
             | His name is Howard Lutnick. He was _CEO_ of a financial
             | firm called Cantor Fitzgerald.
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Lutnick
        
               | aredox wrote:
               | Yeah, and what if Lutnick doesn't care about making
               | America better but just making money for himself? And his
               | salary is not tied to his performance, but to his
               | sycophancy?
               | 
               | It is not as if he is going to die of starvation because
               | of tariffs. He has no skin in the game.
        
               | _heimdall wrote:
               | In my experience, people who operate that way often
               | convince themselves that they can do both. They'll make
               | themselves rich, that's the primary goal, but they
               | contort reality enough to paint the picture of a win-win.
        
             | Jensson wrote:
             | > Politicians are just pretending to be dumb? Why?
             | 
             | To hide their motives, if you think they are just dumb then
             | you will not look for the real reason they do it.
             | 
             | Not sure that is what happens here, but that is a very
             | common reason to play dumb.
        
             | matwood wrote:
             | A great example is Rubio. People may disagree with his
             | politics, but he has been a competent government person for
             | a long time. Even had a legit shot at POTUS at one point.
             | And now, he's trying to shrink away while Trump and Vance
             | make a mockery of the Oval Office.
        
             | _heimdall wrote:
             | > I think the people in Trump's inner circle now are
             | sycophants first
             | 
             | If this is the case, we could at least likely put to rest
             | most concerns that Trump will be implementing much of
             | Project 2025.
             | 
             | I'd be very surprised if he had too much to do with that
             | plan directly. Assuming that's true, and if he's only
             | surrounded by yes men, no one is there to convince him to
             | do anything other than exactly what he himself wants to do.
        
           | bambax wrote:
           | Yes, it's never a good idea to underestimate the intelligence
           | or agency of the enemy.
           | 
           | But in this case: what is the game plan? What are they trying
           | to achieve? Is it simply chaos, so that they can rule in
           | perpetuity?
        
             | throwaway_20357 wrote:
             | My interpretation: "No one really knows what will happen
             | but it could work to bring some production back to our
             | country, let's give it a try, if it doesn't we try
             | something else."
        
             | ozmodiar wrote:
             | One thing they do is allow him to raise taxes on the middle
             | class and poor, who will be paying those tarrifs, while
             | lowering the taxes for the rich. Everyone's talking about
             | some 3D chess when "more money for the rich" has always
             | been the only consistent Republican policy.
        
               | _heimdall wrote:
               | > when "more money for the rich" has always been the only
               | consistent Republican policy.
               | 
               | You probably want to be more careful with how you phrase
               | that. The Republican party passed the Civil Rights Act
               | and ended slavery, among other things.
               | 
               | Those may not be the type of Republicans you are thinking
               | of today, but they still had that little (R) next to
               | their names.
        
               | triceratops wrote:
               | > The Republican party passed the Civil Rights Act
               | 
               | Way more Democrats in both houses of Congress voted for
               | it than Republicans (to be fair the Democrats held the
               | Senate 67-33). A Democratic president signed it. His
               | Democratic predecessor asked for it. How do you figure
               | "the Republicans did it"?
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_Rights_Act_of_1964#By
               | _pa...
        
           | llm_nerd wrote:
           | >Lutnick, the commerce secretary, has been CEO of Cantor
           | Fitzgerald for over 2 decades.
           | 
           | Lutnick clearly has zero actual influence in this
           | administration. He's a barking dog sent to do TV soundbites,
           | and his explanations are often full-bore nonsensical or
           | completely contradictory to his prior explanations. Foreign
           | officials (such as Canada) have repeatedly come out of
           | meetings with Lutnick almost...assuaged....as if Lutnick is
           | saying "he isn't really going to do this...there's no way",
           | because even Lutnick doesn't realize just how stubborn Trump
           | is about his outrageously stupid ways. These guys keep trying
           | to pretend this is all some masterful negotiating strategy by
           | the Art of the Deal master.
           | 
           | And based upon 100% of Trump's history in government, it
           | won't be long before Lutnick and Bessent are out of this
           | admin, both will be "RINOs" attacked by the MAGA cult, and
           | they'll both be telling the tale of how outrageously stupid
           | Donald Trump is. Like closing on 100% of Trump's
           | administration in the first term.
           | 
           | Just look at the lead up to these tariffs. The day before
           | Trump was still "deciding". This is something that a team of
           | expert economists should have worked on for months, probably
           | to conclude that free and liberal trade is what made the US
           | the richest large country on Earth, but instead it was
           | something that everyone had to sit around and wait for Trump
           | to pull something out of his ass.
           | 
           | Trump has openly and widely talked about tariffs replacing
           | income tax for years. This administration is clearly one
           | where _no one_ ever can counter any harebrained idea from
           | Trump -- and they 're _all_ incredibly stupid ideas from that
           | incredibly stupid man -- so whatever nonsensical takes he has
           | they have to all try to make talking points around and create
           | some post facto rationalizations. It is the most dangerous
           | administration in human history, and the American voter
           | looked at this traitorous, constitution-shredding, law-
           | breaking imbecile and said  "more please!"
           | 
           | There is no 4D chess happening here[1]. There isn't even
           | checkers happening. No masterful long term negotiating
           | strategy. It's just a fumbling moron (rapist, charity-
           | stealing imbecile) that is doing the most nonsensical way to
           | deal with a deficit rather than, you know, raising taxes. And
           | to be clear the US deficit is untenable and needs to be dealt
           | with, and the head in the sand approach by successive
           | governments is not reasonable, but combining DOGE's ham-
           | fisted stupidity with Trump's economic destruction and the
           | deficit is likely going to be much, much worse. The US is on
           | the fast track to insolvency.
           | 
           | "But China....next war....China!"
           | 
           | Trump _started_ this whole thing by attacking allies. By
           | dissolving alliances and trying to economically harm its
           | closest friends. Precisely the _opposite_ of expectations if
           | the US were seriously trying to counter China.
           | 
           | [1] Aside from corruption. Tariffs are the foundation of
           | corruption because everyone has to come, hat in hand, begging
           | for exemptions. There is going to be a line to the White
           | House of manufacturers and importers, from Apple to military
           | contractors, begging for special waivers. Which they'll get
           | if they grease the right palms, as this is the most blatantly
           | corrupt administration in US history. He's selling pardons in
           | the open, and operating a literal protection racket, and this
           | is just...an ordinary day now.
        
             | _heimdall wrote:
             | Why are you so certain that these tariff plans were still
             | being decided by Trump the day before? He sure likes to put
             | on that front publicly, but I'm less clear on how we'd know
             | whether that's him playing games or an actual
             | representation of the reality of how his cabinet is
             | operating.
             | 
             | If one does want to impose a large block of tariffs, it
             | does seem reasonable that you would want to keep details
             | quiet until the entire package is announced. You wouldn't
             | want other countries responding early
        
               | llm_nerd wrote:
               | Quiet? Trump has been bellowing about his tariffs for
               | months. China, South Korea and Japan -- long absolute
               | adversaries -- even had a meeting about how to respond.
               | The actual tariff plan is 0% based upon reciprocity, and
               | instead is based upon "we're a rich country that buys
               | lots of stuff, so let's punish the citizens who buy
               | stuff" (as the largest tax hike in history). There are
               | tariffs for unoccupied island chains.
               | 
               | And these apply immediately. This is an administrative
               | impossibility. CBP is going to have a disastrous couple
               | of weeks about this rag tag collection of barely defined
               | nonsense.
               | 
               | This is 100% disaster, top to bottom.
        
               | _heimdall wrote:
               | Details of the tariffs weren't known at all until
               | yesterday, they were quiet.
               | 
               | The comment I replied to was claiming that Trump himself
               | was still deciding what the tariffs would be until this
               | week. My question was how we could be so certain of that.
               | 
               | As far as reciprocity goes, how is this plan not based at
               | least in part on reciprocity? They claim other countries
               | have taken advantage of the US and we're on the losing
               | end of trade deficits. The tariffs they announced seem to
               | be based entirely on trade deficits/surpluses with each
               | country.
               | 
               | I have no idea if this would work or what the
               | administration's real motives are, but the on the surface
               | it sure seems like they proposed tariffs that target the
               | problem they claim - trade imbalances.
        
               | llm_nerd wrote:
               | Specific rates weren't known because they were spitballed
               | last minute, apparently based upon a ChatGPT
               | conversation. That there were going to be significant
               | tariffs has been openly gloated about by this admin and
               | mouthpieces like Howard Nutlick for months. Do you think
               | every other country needed a specific number to start
               | their response plans?
               | 
               | And really that is a silly theory regardless. The US
               | would achieve maximum effectiveness by doing a normal
               | tariff legislative process and then soberly discussing
               | with all parties. Instead it's constant on/off
               | brinksmanship. Because Donald Trump is a profoundly
               | stupid imbecile with a simpleton, child-like
               | understanding of the world. There is going to be customs
               | and business _chaos_ as this is factored in.
               | 
               | >As far as reciprocity goes, how is this plan not based
               | at least in part on reciprocity?
               | 
               | It has zero bearing on reciprocity. Reciprocity is
               | matching the other party's tariffs.
               | 
               | If you're richer than the other party, or if they sell
               | things that you want but you don't sell things that they
               | want, that _isn 't_ reciprocity. It's like if I tariff my
               | children when they buy from McDonalds -- I mean,
               | McDonalds doesn't buy from me! - and claim it's
               | reciprocity. That would be _insanely_ stupid, right?
               | 
               | It's a _massive_ tax hike on Americans -- a regressive
               | tax that will hit the working and middle classes the
               | hardest -- shrouded under some patriotic America thing.
               | No way anyone falls for this...right?
        
               | anigbrowl wrote:
               | All that is correct, but I think you missed the point the
               | other poster was making. What if, instead of blundering
               | about stupidly, the goal is to cause as much chaos as
               | possible in order to consolidate political power?
        
         | 2muchcoffeeman wrote:
         | What about Australia? We're in surplus. Is 10% just the
         | minimum?
        
           | KaiserPro wrote:
           | Yup.
        
         | cycomanic wrote:
         | It's even worse, into the calculation they only counted goods,
         | not services (where the US typically runs a large trade
         | surplus).
        
         | generalizations wrote:
         | Does the exact percentage of the tariffs matter? I suspect it
         | doesn't - these look like approximate numbers to obtain
         | concessions, and a complex formula doesn't really help
         | anything.
         | 
         | Far as I can tell, the ideal would have been to simply double
         | incoming tariffs, but that would be infeasibly large. This was
         | a way to generate a plausible smaller number that can be
         | increased later on an individual basis depending on how the
         | country responds.
        
         | coffeefirst wrote:
         | Yes. These are College Freshman Essay economics, where you know
         | just enough to declare it's time to go bold and are still
         | stupid enough to believe it will work.
         | 
         | It's not that there's no strategy, it's that it was designed by
         | reckless amateurs who haven't done the reading, haven't
         | consulted with anyone that understands all the trade-offs, and
         | have an uncapped appetite for risk.
         | 
         | The TV version works out perfectly, since the writers control
         | the ending.
        
       | amoss wrote:
       | Mistake in headline: tge article says 54% rate on China. 34 looks
       | like a typo.
        
         | saberdancer wrote:
         | Apparently it is 34% on top of current 20%, bringing it to a
         | total of 54%.
         | 
         | But who knows with these guys.
        
           | toasterlovin wrote:
           | Current tariffs for China are 45% because the original 25%
           | tariffs from Trump I never went away and the 20% from Trump
           | II are in addition. Source: have two containers en route from
           | China at the moment, will be paying 45% on them.
        
       | jenadine wrote:
       | I'm a freelance selling software services. Some of my customers
       | are in the US. Am I affected? These tariff don't impact software,
       | right?
       | 
       | Different countries have different tariff. Is there room for
       | arbitration? In which a 3rd party business from a country with
       | low tariff would buy a product in one of the countries with high
       | tariff and export that to the US, taking a small cut.
        
         | tempestn wrote:
         | Tariffs are on goods. Unless you're physically shipping
         | software across the border it shouldn't affect you.
         | 
         | You mean arbitrage, and yes, that definitely happens as a
         | result of tariffs.
        
         | csomar wrote:
         | Upon import you have to declare the country of origin of the
         | good. That's what is being tariffed and makes your arbitrage
         | idea essentially fraud.
        
           | ccozan wrote:
           | Usually this is happening where you import "parts" and the
           | final assembly "the product" is "made in" and sold as
           | "product xyx". Then the origin country of the parts do not
           | matter.
        
         | stakhanov wrote:
         | Services aren't traditionally part of tariffs; tariffs apply
         | only to physical stuff moving across borders.
         | 
         | That being said: I work in a services-oriented business right
         | now "exporting" services to the U.S. and the leadership of that
         | company is seemingly getting very worried, trying to diversify
         | their customer base out of the U.S.
         | 
         | If, in the cycle of retaliatory action, they run out of
         | ammunition with tariffs on stuff, who knows what other crazy
         | ideas will come to the surface: Tariffs on services do come to
         | mind, maybe restrictions around recognition/enforcement of
         | foreign-owned intellectual property,...
        
           | AnAfrican wrote:
           | Tariffs on services are much harder to enforce. There's point
           | of entry so it's harder to check.
           | 
           | However, some countries have a withholding tax for services
           | provided by foreign companies. The client is responsible for
           | withholding the amount from any payment and paying the
           | government. And banks play a role in the enforcement if
           | needed.
           | 
           | So it can be done !
        
       | aredox wrote:
       | [flagged]
        
         | rastignack wrote:
         | As a EU citizen, I think this voter ID argument is absolutely
         | insane.
        
           | aredox wrote:
           | As a French I used to think too, "what's the big deal", "it
           | has never been an issue here". But that's because we are used
           | to it and getting an ID is easy and almost automatic. Whereas
           | in a country like the US, it means missing several days of
           | work, driving potentially hundreds of kilometers, and their
           | geographic segregation means it's easy to make getting an ID
           | harder for black people than for whites.
           | 
           | As a European I also find insane elections are held on
           | workdays (in France it is always on Sundays), that you may
           | have to wait in line for hours to vote, that voting stations
           | may be hours from where you live, etc.
        
             | rastignack wrote:
             | Do you have a more precise exemple of a state in which it
             | is that difficult ? And a source ? I really find it hard to
             | believe.
        
               | nl wrote:
               | Not the OP but here's an example: https://www.reddit.com/
               | r/stupidquestions/comments/1ghrsbq/co...
               | 
               | Basically you need very specific letters where your exact
               | name and address must match but those are issued without
               | checking. So if one uses your middle initial instead of
               | your name then no ID for you until you get it reissued.
               | 
               | In Texas they have a shortage of staff issuing the ids
               | too so there is a 3 month delay after you apply to find
               | out what you did incorrectly https://www.statesman.com/st
               | ory/opinion/columns/2024/08/19/t...
        
             | Jensson wrote:
             | You need an ID to do basic tasks in USA as well, everyone
             | with a normal life has them.
        
               | Animats wrote:
               | It's getting complicated for married women. Every name
               | change since birth has to be documented to get a Real ID.
        
               | varsketiz wrote:
               | A google search tells me that around half of people in
               | the USA do not hold a passport. Domestically most people
               | rely on drivers licence as their ID.
        
               | Jensson wrote:
               | > Domestically most people rely on drivers licence as
               | their ID
               | 
               | So show your drivers license at the voting booth? Why is
               | that unacceptable?
        
               | mjamesaustin wrote:
               | Any form of ID held by the average voter will be
               | unacceptable to the GOP, because it won't limit voting
               | access from the people they don't want voting.
        
               | Jensson wrote:
               | That doesn't explain why democrat run states like
               | California can't have a sensible voter ID law that
               | accepts such identifications?
               | 
               | If they just said "accept more IDs" instead of "stop
               | voter ID requirements" people wouldn't think its a
               | problem, but that isn't what democrats are saying.
        
               | amanaplanacanal wrote:
               | What problem are you trying to solve here? Republicans
               | say the problem is people voting who are ineligible,
               | Democrats accuse them of trying to make it harder for
               | democratic voters to vote.
        
               | Jensson wrote:
               | > What problem are you trying to solve here
               | 
               | People using others papers to vote, that is much harder
               | if you must display a photo ID together with the papers
               | you received that says you are allowed to vote.
               | 
               | Voting without an ID is like opening a bank account
               | without an ID, its just dumb. Oh wait, I heard you had
               | that as well in USA, which is why you have issues with
               | identity theft...
        
               | matwood wrote:
               | > People using others papers to vote
               | 
               | Except every analysis has shown people are not doing
               | this. Oddly, the few times there have been real cases,
               | it's often GOP voting more than once or for their dead
               | spouse or some such.
               | 
               | Think of it, if someone is truly not eligible to vote,
               | why expose themselves to additional scrutiny for a single
               | likely inconsequential vote?
               | 
               | Where fraud could happen is at scale, and with DOGE
               | getting access to all systems and dismantling the
               | agencies that guard against voting fraud, I feel that
               | once again we're seeing that every accusation is an
               | admission.
        
               | dev_daftly wrote:
               | What analysis has shown that people are not doing this?
               | All I have seen is that there aren't a significant number
               | of convictions, but that doesn't really hold wait if you
               | aren't actually trying to catch/prevent people from doing
               | it. If it never happened, there wouldn't be a standard
               | well known practice of casting a provisional ballot if
               | you have already "voted".
        
               | HelloMcFly wrote:
               | The crux of the argument is that voting is a _right_ ,
               | and voter ID laws create a unnecessary burden to
               | exercising that right given the extremely low levels of
               | individual voter fraud. Do I need my driver's license to
               | practice free speech? Do I need my passport to be allowed
               | to be an atheist?
               | 
               | It would be different if we were solving a problem with
               | voter ID laws because then you're balancing rights with
               | real pragmatism. You can as hypothetical about it as you
               | want, you can go down the slippery slope fallacy if you
               | want, but the evidence shows us we do not have an issue
               | here.
               | 
               | It would also be different if IDs were easier to come by,
               | because then the burden is not disproportionate to the
               | problem. But neither of these things are true.
               | 
               | Instead we're just enacting barriers to the use of our
               | constitutional rights, barriers to participation in
               | society, not to solve a problem but to enact a political
               | end.
        
               | orwin wrote:
               | I don't think a driver license is a valid voting id in
               | the US, because you don't have to be a citizen to get
               | one.
        
               | Jensson wrote:
               | When you show your id they check if you are allowed to
               | vote, the id is just to identify you as a person it
               | doesn't mean everyone with an id gets to vote.
        
               | orwin wrote:
               | I misunderstood what my West Virginian friend wrote me
               | then, from my understanding the new ID laws will require
               | an ID as 'proof of citizenship' to register to vote,
               | which a driver license isn't. Those who vote among his
               | group are a bit mad about it.
        
               | ryan_lane wrote:
               | Not everyone has drivers licenses, especially poorer
               | folks, especially minorities. The requirements for
               | drivers IDs are now to get RealIDs and some of these
               | folks don't have access to things like birth certificates
               | and other requirements of getting a RealID.
               | 
               | There's also additional requirements of your gender
               | matching your ID (which eliminates many transgender
               | folks), your name matching on all documents (good luck if
               | you're a married woman), etc.
               | 
               | Folks are rightly pointing out that these laws are
               | engineered to suppress votes, and you seem to not be
               | willing to listen to understand why.
        
               | Jensson wrote:
               | > Folks are rightly pointing out that these laws are
               | engineered to suppress votes, and you seem to not be
               | willing to listen to understand why.
               | 
               | Are you saying democrats will engineer these laws to
               | suppress votes? Is that why democrats don't have voter id
               | laws? The GOP isn't relevant here, we are just wondering
               | why democrat states can't seem to do this.
        
               | tzs wrote:
               | Around 21 million eligible voters in the US do not have
               | an ID that is acceptable under their state's laws.
        
               | Ray20 wrote:
               | And exactly what obstacles they are having with getting
               | one?
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | Usually it comes down to travel and the challenges of
               | documenting eligibility which can require additional
               | travel and expenses.
               | 
               | https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/research-
               | reports/chal...
               | 
               | > Nearly 500,000 eligible voters do not have access to a
               | vehicle and live more than 10 miles from the nearest
               | state ID-issuing office open more than two days a week.
               | Many of them live in rural areas with dwindling public
               | transportation options. > More than 10 million eligible
               | voters live more than 10 miles from their nearest state
               | ID-issuing office open more than two days a week.
               | 
               | https://www.democracydocket.com/analysis/how-id-
               | requirements...
               | 
               | > According to the study, between 15 and 18 million
               | people in the U.S. lack access to documents proving their
               | birth or citizenship, which can be integral to acquiring
               | other forms of IDs.
               | 
               | This can force circular dependencies: for example, older
               | black or Native American people who were born when they
               | weren't welcome at hospitals might never have been issued
               | a birth certificate so they first need the travel,
               | expense, and difficulty to get one from the clerk where
               | they were born. Poor people are far more likely not to
               | have bank accounts, so they can't establish their in-
               | state residency that way, etc.
               | 
               | None of these are insolvable problems but the people
               | pushing restrictions haven't been willing to put effort
               | into solving them and often make things worse by cutting
               | office locations and hours in ways which
               | disproportionately impact poor and minority voters.
        
               | aredox wrote:
               | A black woman jumping between three jobs to make ends
               | meet in Alabama doesn't have a "normal" life, then. Too
               | bad for her! And for millions like her, in a country
               | where elections are decided by single-digit majorities.
        
               | thehappypm wrote:
               | Hard to imagine that woman could get 3 jobs without an
               | ID.
        
               | anonfordays wrote:
               | Said Black woman needs an ID to get jobs and collect
               | benefits like SNAP, WIC, etc.
        
               | carlosjobim wrote:
               | Go to the USA and talk to black women, and ask if they
               | have ID and if it was difficult to get.
        
             | leflambeur wrote:
             | This makes no sense. You can literally register to vote at
             | the DMV and I know very few adult Americans, of one
             | ethnicity or another, who don't have a driver's license.
        
               | tzs wrote:
               | Around 9% of US citizens 18 or older do not have a non-
               | expired driver's license. It's even more for various
               | minorities [1][2].
               | 
               | [1] https://cdce.umd.edu/sites/cdce.umd.edu/files/pubs/Vo
               | ter%20I...
               | 
               | [2] https://papersplease.org/wp/2024/06/07/who-lacks-id-
               | in-ameri...
        
               | leflambeur wrote:
               | I only mentioned DMVs to point out that even if you
               | didn't set out to get a voting document, you can still
               | check the box and get it.
               | 
               | In other words, it's not "people need driver's licenses
               | to vote".
        
               | dzhiurgis wrote:
               | Aren't poor and dumb usually republicans tho?
        
               | UncleMeat wrote:
               | The poor disproportionately votes left. Somebody who is
               | poor and lives without a valid ID that meets voting
               | requirements is also not necessarily dumb.
        
               | piva00 wrote:
               | Almost 10% of eligible voters do not have access to
               | citizenship proof at ready[0].
               | 
               | Trump changed voting rules to require proof of
               | citizenship[1].
               | 
               | Disenfranchising 21 million voters makes sense now, no?
               | 
               | [0] https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/analysis-
               | opinion/213-...
               | 
               | [1] https://edition.cnn.com/2025/03/25/politics/voting-
               | proof-of-...
        
               | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
               | RealID documentation requirements are a PITA. I have a
               | birth certificate and passport and valid DL and it still
               | was a nuisance the accumulate the required point
               | allocation. People without those golden documents can be
               | very hard pressed to meet the bar.
        
               | ncallaway wrote:
               | > I know very few adult Americans
               | 
               | Do you think there's a chance there's a selection bias to
               | your random sampling of the population?
        
               | leflambeur wrote:
               | It's easier if you just tell me what the bias is.
               | 
               | Incidentally, there are many less privileged people
               | around me and, let me tell you, they're not going to work
               | on foot.
        
               | mitthrowaway2 wrote:
               | Do any of them take the bus to work?
        
               | bawolff wrote:
               | Most people are friends with people like themselves?
               | 
               | The selection bias of extrapolating an entire country
               | (not to mention one as large and diverse as usa) by using
               | your friend group should be very obvious.
        
               | leflambeur wrote:
               | Yet I wasn't talking about my friends. I live in a large
               | city and get to see many people I don't know every single
               | day.
               | 
               | Incidentally, my friends are much more likely to not need
               | to drive at all (tech or otherwise who WFH) than the
               | average person around me.
        
               | bawolff wrote:
               | Do you often ask people you don't know if they have a
               | driver's license?
               | 
               | > live in a large city
               | 
               | Ah yes, large cities. Famous for their rural populations.
        
               | leflambeur wrote:
               | You're not arguing in good faith.
               | 
               | Wait, are you telling me that rural populations have less
               | proclivity to drive?
        
               | aredox wrote:
               | Just read all the answers in this thread. Your PoV is far
               | from reality, especially at a time where elections are
               | decided by single digit margins.
        
               | hiddencost wrote:
               | Cities. It's cities.
        
               | Aloha wrote:
               | You dont know many poor people, or very young people.
               | 
               | I work a furry convention in the Southern US, about 3% of
               | our attendees have some ID related malady - can't get a
               | timely appointment at DMV, missing core documentation,
               | unable to prove residency, etc - nevermind rural voters
               | who may live hours from a DMV.. which they can't get to
               | without a license (assuming they can afford a car) or a
               | ride. No bus service to speak of either.
               | 
               | Its a huge issue, I'd 100% support voter ID if getting an
               | ID was free and easy, without it I'm skeptical.
        
               | leflambeur wrote:
               | I'm with you
        
               | matwood wrote:
               | Yeah, see the article about "RealID" yesterday. The first
               | step is to require an ID, and the next step is to make it
               | harder to get. For example, a married woman without a
               | perfect paper trail of name changes? No Id.
        
               | Spivak wrote:
               | I unironically keep an original copy of those documents
               | in my safety deposit box because of this. In theory I
               | should be able to go to the courthouse and get another
               | copy but if 40 years down the line they've lost them I'm
               | screwed.
               | 
               | I feel bad for the people in states that _don 't_ require
               | court orders for this because they apparently have the
               | worst time trying to update accounts.
        
               | Terr_ wrote:
               | > This makes no sense. You can literally register to vote
               | at the DMV.
               | 
               | https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2016/feb/19/john-
               | olive...
               | 
               | > driver's license
               | 
               | Republicans are trying to make it so that the vast
               | majority of drivers' licenses do not work either. You may
               | have to get a new one, with passport-level paperwork.
        
               | anonfordays wrote:
               | That politifact page literally states there are close by
               | DMVs that are open every week. Not sure what point is
               | trying to be made.
        
               | nemothekid wrote:
               | What state do you live in? I think this argument is very
               | frustrating when people who live largely in blue states
               | (like California) that don't up any hurdles to getting an
               | ID, can't imagine the level of dysfunction that is
               | intentionally executed in other states in order to
               | prevent people from getting IDs.
               | 
               | Yeah, everyone you know has a valid ID because you don't
               | live in a battleground state that is currently fighting
               | electoral welfare. Republicans don't care to put up
               | barriers to getting an ID in California, Texas or New
               | York.
        
             | ryzvonusef wrote:
             | I'm from Pakistan, and the solution to 'it's difficult for
             | people to get ID' was so simple even 3rd world poor
             | illiterate country could do it: just go to them instead.
             | 
             | Our ID department has buses with computers and
             | cameras/fingerprint machines on them, they go to remote
             | villages and stuff and take everyone's bio data, then
             | return a few weeks later and give everyone their cards.
             | 
             | There is literally NO valid excuse for NOT implementing
             | voter ID.
             | 
             | NONE.
             | 
             | If we can do it, the richest country in the world can do
             | it.
             | 
             | Such a pathetic hill for American Democratic party to die
             | on.
        
               | ncallaway wrote:
               | The problem is that we _don 't_ have those same systems
               | for getting an ID.
               | 
               | There's no "government comes to you" to give you an ID.
               | And, many Democrats would _love_ to make it easier to get
               | an ID, but the Republicans often deliberately make it
               | harder to get an ID.
               | 
               | They shut down offices and reduce hours of locations, so
               | people have to travel farther and take more time off
               | work. They increase the bureaucratic requirements and
               | hurdles, so people are more likely to need to take
               | multiple trips.
               | 
               | I personally wouldn't have a problem with making a voter
               | ID a requirement to vote, _if_ we could also agree to
               | make it as easy as you describe to get an ID. The problem
               | is the GOP wants to require getting a voter ID and
               | simultaneously make it harder to get an ID.
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | I think the problem there is that in Pakistan where they
               | do this they can reasonably assume that everyone in that
               | remote village is a Pakistani citizen - they probably
               | don't need to see your birth certificate to get you an
               | ID, right? In US they want to see proof that you are a
               | citizen and you are who you say you are, which is what
               | (some) people have an issue with, even if you sent buses
               | with all equipment on them to random american towns
               | people just might not have the right documentation on
               | them to pass the checks.
               | 
               | But yes, I agree, it is a pathetic problem for a 1st
               | world country to have - just sort it out.
        
               | ryzvonusef wrote:
               | > they can reasonably assume that everyone in that remote
               | village is a Pakistani citizen
               | 
               | absolutely not! we have had massive migrations both from
               | India (after independence) and Afghanistan (after the
               | russian occupation). This is NOT a given.
               | 
               | Things have NOT been easy... and in fact dare I say, our
               | ID department is rather dumb and stupid. I personally
               | have had MULTIPLE issues with them.
               | 
               | But we _have_ been doing SOMETHING, and the fact that the
               | US doesn 't... is insane.
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | Alright, how do these mobile offices confirm who they are
               | issuing the documents to then?
        
               | ryzvonusef wrote:
               | iirc, they use other people as verification.
               | 
               | When a child is born, the parent has to get them
               | registered at the local council office. And then when my
               | first card was made at 18, my dad went with me as
               | verification, he attested that I was child #X as per the
               | family tree, they confirmed someone with my name was in
               | that family tree in their records, and used that as
               | verification for me.
               | 
               | If parents are not available they can use relatives, as
               | long as there is a family tree link. Not sure how they do
               | it otherwise, but there is some system for refugees etc
               | too.
        
               | pasc1878 wrote:
               | The problem in the US is they are not doing this if
               | anything they are reducing the number of places you can
               | get an ID.
        
               | ryzvonusef wrote:
               | The US is not a monolith, it's a collection of 50
               | states....
               | 
               | Democratic states collect taxes and implement policy
               | independently, they CAN do this, at least in their own
               | areas.
               | 
               | Start there first!
        
               | aredox wrote:
               | https://youtu.be/rHFOwlMCdto?si=OjoxCfE1noxvw3Fz
        
               | ryzvonusef wrote:
               | I have been a John Oliver viewer from the first season,
               | and my comment will be the same as what I said 9 years
               | ago: This is bullship.
               | 
               | Start small, but START. Start from Democrats accepting
               | what every LEFT leaning person the rest of the world
               | accepts: Photo ID is necessary, not to reduce voter fraud
               | or whatever, but necessary to increase TRUST in the
               | system.
               | 
               | It's a cost, just pay it. Yes you will lose 'face' to
               | republicans, don't care.
               | 
               | Start small, start with free/cheap photo ID in deep
               | democratic cities (I know local govt providing service,
               | what an idea!).
               | 
               | Once saturation reaches 80% plus, start enforcing voter
               | ID laws to cajole the last 20% to start applying, carrot
               | and stick. Start offering door-step service for those
               | unable.
               | 
               | Democrats pay taxes, don't they? start using them.
               | 
               | Spread to other cities in democratic states. So what if
               | it takes 10-20 year? Times passes like nothing.
               | 
               | And once you have SET the standard of cheap, reliable
               | access to Photo ID... and when democrats in power in the
               | federal government again, they can use that to help
               | implement cheap photo ID elsewhere, but even if Missouri
               | doesn't get voter ID, it doesn't excuse democratic states
               | NOT having it.
               | 
               | The fact that the DMV is only open three days a month or
               | whatever? If it's a democrat led city, FIX it. If it's a
               | republican city, you can come to it later.
               | 
               | But NOT starting, as some sort of fake 'rights' issue?
               | Bullship.
               | 
               | Start. Start Small, Start NOW. in 25 years you won't even
               | remember this.
        
               | selimthegrim wrote:
               | Would you like to remind them also what NADRA has Ahmedis
               | sign (half-nama)? I don't think John Oliver would be very
               | happy about that...
        
               | ryzvonusef wrote:
               | And? That's bigotry, a totally different issue from
               | accessibility.
               | 
               | The population WANTS this piece of bigotry, heck our
               | ancestors voted for the damn thing it, it's literally the
               | 2nd amendment of our the constitution.
               | 
               | You can't blame NADRA for including it in their forms,
               | they do it on government demand. Heck, I had to sign the
               | damn thing to get my damn passport, there is no escaping
               | it.
               | 
               | But NADRA also has vans that go village by village
               | providing photo-ID on the doorstep. And THAT is
               | accessibility.
               | 
               | Do I wish this piece of bigotry wasn't in on our forms?
               | Yes. Today Ahmedis; tomorrow Shias; day after who knows,
               | it might be me.
               | 
               | Does it mean CNIC are BAD? NO, they are perhaps the only
               | actually part of cour damn governance, being able to
               | provide ID.
               | 
               | We could obviously do better, but NOT having ID is crazy.
        
               | pasc1878 wrote:
               | The UK Labour government was opposed to Photo ID it was
               | the right wing that introduced it.
               | 
               | It is an Anglo-American thing not to have PhotoID
               | probably related to never been invaded in the last two
               | hundred years.
               | 
               | The issue is that to get back in power the Democrats need
               | votes top overturn Republicans and so the IDs in
               | Republican states matter those in Democrat states do not.
               | So better top show full disapproval as they won't lose
               | any seats over that and can keep some pressure up.
        
               | ryzvonusef wrote:
               | I feel this same issue was behind Brexit.
               | 
               | Some people in the UK had the same 'oh no we are being
               | outnumbers' sort of mentality, and without mandatory ID,
               | they had no sane voice in their head to tell them 'don't
               | be silly, we track people with cards'.
               | 
               | It's funny how much the existence of the card gives the
               | masses a weird sense of peace.
        
               | naijaboiler wrote:
               | So democrats should spend all this money, time and
               | resources solving a problem they don't have. And for what
               | purpose? Nah I will rather my Democrat state focus on
               | human welfare and giving people opportunities to progress
               | in life
        
               | someuser2345 wrote:
               | > Nah I will rather my Democrat state focus on human
               | welfare and giving people opportunities to progress in
               | life
               | 
               | That sounds like it would be way easier if those people
               | had id's...
        
               | theGeatZhopa wrote:
               | I think it's on purpose to rather limit the voters than
               | empower them.
        
               | ryzvonusef wrote:
               | No, I think that's just a republican boogie-man.
               | 
               | I think democrats started out with good intentions,
               | helping enfranchise black voters a part of the civil
               | rights act .... but somehow they have made it their
               | morality point and refuse to accept that it is no longer
               | fit for purpose.
               | 
               | They should made no voter-ID a temporary measure and
               | created proper voter-IS systems in the meanwhile.
        
               | theGeatZhopa wrote:
               | lets see where this whole thing heads to. May be in the
               | end we will see the birth of a true democracy, which is
               | social and where the strong ones will take care of weak
               | ones. At least it should be .. in a dream :)
        
               | amanaplanacanal wrote:
               | The US doesn't have a national id card, and the people
               | who want to force ID for voting are the strongest block
               | against having one, for religious reasons. What you
               | suggest is impossible in the US.
        
               | naijaboiler wrote:
               | That's a government that's interested and motivated in
               | getting people an ID.
               | 
               | Now imagine the opposite. A government that's not
               | interested but rather is motivated in denying some people
               | an ID. Why it increases that's party likelihood of
               | staying in power.
        
             | gambiting wrote:
             | That would make sense if driver licences were difficult to
             | obtain in US in any way shape or form, and they just aren't
             | - almost everyone has one and it's not a big deal to get
             | one.
        
               | aredox wrote:
               | Provably false.
               | 
               | https://youtu.be/rHFOwlMCdto?si=OjoxCfE1noxvw3Fz
               | 
               | And you need to do paperwork, which means you have to pay
               | and find time. How do people with 2 or 3 jobs do?
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | 91% of US adults have a driving licence:
               | 
               | https://hedgescompany.com/blog/2024/01/number-of-
               | licensed-dr...
               | 
               | So forgive me for being flippant but....how hard can it
               | be?
               | 
               | >>How do people with 2 or 3 jobs do?
               | 
               | I assume they drive to those 3 jobs, so they somehow
               | found a way.Again, sorry for being dismissive, and I
               | appreciate it might be time consuming at costly - but
               | still, 91% of all American adults have found a way to do
               | this, so my point is that driving licences(along other
               | documents) seem like a perfectly acceptable form of ID
               | for voting?
        
             | xwolfi wrote:
             | I'm French too but I disagree a bit: first, voting if
             | important to people, should be a good reason to get an ID,
             | voting without an ID does seem insane, so what are they
             | doing. Second, why black people ? Are they not human too ?
             | They can read, they can work, they can complain, they
             | can... get an ID card right ?
             | 
             | Simplest answer is they don't care, wash their hands off of
             | the whole thing and then democrats complain that it's the
             | requirement to identify voters that block them. But it's
             | not a strange requirement, it's as you say, a completely
             | normal part of being a citizen to get an ID, and a duty for
             | a voting citizen to do what they need to do to get that
             | ballot in.
             | 
             | And even if black people were somehow disenfranchised from
             | getting IDs, it doesn't prevent the non-black people to
             | vote rationally, in the end. So no excuse.
        
               | CapricornNoble wrote:
               | >Second, why black people ? Are they not human too ? They
               | can read, they can work, they can complain, they can...
               | get an ID card right ?
               | 
               | As a black American who had _crackheads_ in my family, I
               | don 't know anyone who was totally incapable of getting
               | an ID card. I only ever see the argument brought up by
               | white people on the Internet. Tyranny of low
               | expectations. Heaven forbid that black adults be expected
               | to shoulder some personal responsibility and figure out
               | how to meet the basic requirements to exercise their
               | civic duties, same as white people.
               | 
               | "The white liberal is the worst enemy to America, and the
               | worst enemy to the black man." -- Malcom X
        
               | aredox wrote:
               | You should look a little bit closer to actual
               | circumstances of people over the country.
               | 
               | https://youtu.be/rHFOwlMCdto?si=OjoxCfE1noxvw3Fz
        
               | CapricornNoble wrote:
               | What aspect of this video do you think supports your
               | position, specifically?
               | 
               | My mother's side of my family is from North Philadelphia,
               | same state as the first black woman featured in this
               | video.
               | 
               | I spent three weeks in the US in 2021 when my mother had
               | a psychotic breakdown and I had to put her life back
               | together on short notice. She had lost her wallet and all
               | ID. I got her a brand new birth certificate in
               | Philadelphia and a NJ State ID to replace her Driver's
               | License. This required setting up some appointments
               | either online or via phone, and bringing some documents
               | along, but it was manageable.
               | 
               | Expecting someone to have original birth certificate, SSN
               | proof, and spouse's death certificate is....normal adult
               | document management. I deal with a similar "burden of
               | proof" every time I go to my local Japanese city office,
               | or to immigration to renew our residency.
               | 
               | The next anecdote in the segment blasts Sauk City,
               | Wisconsin for the ID center being closed on most days.
               | According to Copilot, Sauk City is 96% white, with a
               | median household income over $78,000 and a population of
               | less than 4000. So a small middle class town of white
               | people rarely has the ID office open? How is that
               | supposed to support the argument that mandatory ID
               | requirements disproportionately affect minorities again?
               | 
               | The second half of the John Oliver clip focuses on the
               | voting events not the identification acquisition problem
               | so I don't consider that part relevant and won't dissect
               | it.
        
               | aredox wrote:
               | Just read the dozens of links shared in these threads.
               | 
               | https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.cbsnews.com/amp/news/eli
               | gib...
               | 
               | https://youtu.be/rHFOwlMCdto?si=OjoxCfE1noxvw3Fz
        
               | UncleMeat wrote:
               | The issue is not that the barrier is insurmountable. The
               | issue is that small amounts of friction become meaningful
               | at scale in elections. Place the friction in the right
               | spots and some people experiencing that friction choose
               | not to bother. If the people who choose not to bother
               | disproportionately vote for one side then there's a small
               | electoral benefit to the other side.
        
             | bawolff wrote:
             | In canada, if you don't have an id, you can get someone who
             | knows you (and has an id) to swear an oath you are who you
             | say you are. You can also register at the same time you are
             | voting.
             | 
             | Seems to work fine. I dont think we have ever had any
             | issues with that system.
        
               | rstuart4133 wrote:
               | Even more radical: in Australia you turn up at one of
               | many polling stations with no ID whatsoever and vote.
               | 
               | It works because voting in Australia is compulsory. They
               | must have your name on their list, they cross if off it
               | and hand over the ballot paper. The checks and balances
               | you might expect and done after the event, making it
               | fairly secure.
               | 
               | Only of those checks is you did vote, and a fine follows
               | if you didn't.
        
             | mrweasel wrote:
             | > As a European I also find insane elections are held on
             | workdays
             | 
             | That's not really an issue, if you have enough polling
             | stations. Denmark typically have elections on a Tuesday
             | (but can technically be any day of the week). We have 80%+
             | turnout, one of the highest in the world, for countries
             | without mandatory voting. The day of the week doesn't
             | matter, IF you ensure that it sufficiently easy for people
             | to vote.
             | 
             | If you actively try to make it inconvenient/impossible for
             | people to vote, then it doesn't matter if it's on a Sunday.
             | My take is that part of the US political system need as few
             | voters as possible to turn up in order to have a chance of
             | winning, so they will make it as complicated and
             | inconvenient as they need it to be.
        
               | aredox wrote:
               | In a country where "some" people work two or three jobs
               | to make ends meet, Sundays vs. workdays does matter.
        
               | Vinnl wrote:
               | I do enjoy the idea of making election days days off,
               | days to celebrate. But yes, it usually takes me about
               | five minutes to vote in the Netherlands, so I don't
               | really need the day off.
        
             | brightball wrote:
             | Most states where voter id is mandatory also have policies
             | where you can get a free ID and even a free ride to a
             | location to get your ID. They implemented that in South
             | Carolina and after the first few years, nobody used it.
             | 
             | Because you have to have an ID to do almost everything else
             | in the country so everybody already has an ID and
             | opposition to voter ID makes no sense.
        
               | tzs wrote:
               | "Free" ID generally means there is no fee paid to the
               | issuer of the ID. It can cost hundreds of dollars to get
               | the documents that you have to present to the issuer to
               | get that "free" ID.
               | 
               | Also many states have accompanied their stricter voter ID
               | requirements with reducing the number of offices that
               | process applications and with reducing the hours they
               | accept applications so that even if you can get a free
               | ride to an office you might have to take an unpaid day
               | off from work to do so. That can be a significant loss
               | for many poor workers.
               | 
               | > Because you have to have an ID to do almost everything
               | else in the country so everybody already has an ID and
               | opposition to voter ID makes no sense.
               | 
               | Yet many millions get by without an ID [1]. A lot of
               | things you probably think cannot be done without an ID
               | actually can.
               | 
               | For example how can you cash a paycheck without an ID?
               | You need an ID to open a bank account. An answer is you
               | can cash checks using a third party endorsement. You
               | don't need a bank for that. You just need a trusted
               | friend who has a bank account. I'd guess that this is
               | what the 6% of Americans without bank accounts do (23%
               | among those making less than $25k/year) [2].
               | 
               | How about getting a job without ID? First, there are a
               | lot of people who don't need jobs (e.g., the stay at home
               | partner in a household where one partner works and the
               | other takes care of the house). Second there are a lot of
               | job that pay cash and are off the record.
               | 
               | Also there are a fair number of people who once had ID
               | but no longer do. It has been a very long time since I've
               | actually needed to show my driver's license to anyone.
               | 
               | My banking is all online, as is my check cashing (my bank
               | has a great "deposit by photo" function).
               | 
               | When I signed up for Medicare, Medigap, and a Part D plan
               | that was all through ssa.gov and medicare.gov, with no
               | need to show ID. That was apparently all covered by when
               | I showed ID years ago when I set up ID.me as a login
               | method for my ssa.gov account. It will likely be the same
               | when I apply for Social Security benefits. Afterwards all
               | my interaction with SS and Medicare should be through
               | ssa.gov and medicare.gov.
               | 
               | If when I'm older I am no longer fit to drive and let my
               | driver's license expire and don't remember to get a state
               | photo ID then there is a good chance I can live the rest
               | of my life comfortably without ever running into anything
               | where that causes problems.
               | 
               | The simplest way, though, to see that it is possible to
               | get by reasonably well without an ID is to note the large
               | number of undocumented workers that the current
               | administration is trying to kick out. They are able to
               | come here, find places to live, and get paying jobs all
               | without a state issued photo ID.
               | 
               | Whatever they are doing citizens can do too.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.voteriders.org/analysis-millions-lack-
               | voter-id/
               | 
               | [2] https://www.cnbc.com/2024/08/02/23percent-of-low-
               | income-amer...
        
             | weberer wrote:
             | >Whereas in a country like the US, it means missing several
             | days of work, driving potentially hundreds of kilometers
             | 
             | Where did you hear this? When I lived in Pennsylvania, it
             | was really easy to get a state ID. Just go into the DMV,
             | show them your documents, pay the fee ($42 now), and you
             | have your ID within the hour. They had centers all around
             | the city, and they're open on Saturdays. Personally, I
             | think this is an extremely weird hill for Democrats to want
             | to die on. Most independent and swing voters think its a
             | reasonable requirement.
        
           | tpm wrote:
           | It's a different culture, one which is not used to have and
           | use a national ID, which is completely common in the EU (with
           | the exception of Ireland perhaps?)
        
             | christkv wrote:
             | That's not true. I lived there for nearly a decade and you
             | use driving licenses for id and there are other forms for
             | id as well that don't include the passport.
             | 
             | You need ID to do a lot of stuff just like any other
             | country.
        
               | tpm wrote:
               | What is not true? A driving license may be a defacto ID,
               | but it is not a dejure, designated national ID card. It's
               | a different system. In the EU countries the ID cards are
               | backed by a more-or-less central civil register.
               | 
               | (as an aside, it would be very funny to me if the they
               | used the driving license for electronic signing of
               | official communication with the authorities like we use
               | it in some countries in the EU).
        
             | pton_xd wrote:
             | Driver's license is the defacto ID used everywhere. Which
             | kind of makes no sense but that's the way it is. Just about
             | everyone has one and arguments that requiring an ID to vote
             | would disenfranchise citizens don't sound believable to me.
        
               | aredox wrote:
               | Just look at actual facts. There are many links in this
               | thread.
               | 
               | You also seem to think everyone has a car and thus a
               | driving licence.
               | 
               | And that's before talking about voter roll purges,
               | gerrymandering and putting ballot boxes and stations away
               | from "certain type" of voters.
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | >>You also seem to think everyone has a car and thus a
               | driving licence
               | 
               | I don't see how those two are related. In UK driving
               | licences are also used as de facto ID everywhere(you can
               | even get on domestic flights using your driving licence
               | lol), and everyone gets one when they turn 18 because
               | just get a provisional driving licence(identical to a
               | normal one but with an L on it to indicate learner
               | driver), no car necessary. In effect everyone in the
               | country has a driving licence even if they don't drive or
               | own a car. And you just apply by post, no need to go
               | anywhere,
               | 
               | Obviously it would be much better to do it like other
               | European countries do it and just issue everyone with an
               | actual ID when they turn 18, but what UK is doing is
               | close enough equivalent of this. So if the US has the DMV
               | and already has an easily accessible way for people to
               | get driving licences......what's the problem?
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | Old people don't necessarily have photographic driving
               | licences in the UK.
               | 
               | Some would be caught out if their passport has expired.
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | You can use expired passports and driving licences to
               | vote:
               | 
               | https://www.southend.gov.uk/elections-registering-
               | vote/chang...
        
               | IneffablePigeon wrote:
               | This may be true in your demographic (it is in mine) but
               | as of 2015 there were 45 million driving licenses issued
               | and at least 55 million adults.
        
               | aredox wrote:
               | What's the problem?
               | 
               | Just look at the actual facts, as you say.
               | 
               | https://theconversation.com/almost-2-million-people-in-
               | the-u...
        
             | aredox wrote:
             | The UK also has strong opinions about ID.
        
               | tpm wrote:
               | I know, having lived there in the past, but they are not
               | in the EU anymore.
        
               | chgs wrote:
               | My wife was denied the opportunity to vote last year in
               | the local elections due to not having ID in her when we
               | popped in on a whim.
               | 
               | The voting booth refused to even register this, yet the
               | apologists claim only 1 in 400 were denied.
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | I mean....how do you know it's more than 1 in 400? You
               | have one example - your wife. Any reason to believe it
               | was common?
        
               | aredox wrote:
               | https://theconversation.com/almost-2-million-people-in-
               | the-u...
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | The article you posted confirms the 1 in 400 number:
               | 
               | "We found that around 0.5% of all voters reported being
               | turned away at polling stations as a result of lacking ID
               | in the local elections of 2023. We also found that four
               | times as many people (around 2%) reported not voting
               | because they knew they didn't have the right ID."
               | 
               | 2.5% is 1 in 400
        
               | lynx97 wrote:
               | Seems like a sensible decision, since you apparently
               | couldn't be bothered to prepare properly. I totally have
               | no sympathy for this story.
        
               | Cthulhu_ wrote:
               | That sounds fair. No ID means no way to check if she had
               | already voted or even has the right to vote.
        
             | leflambeur wrote:
             | There is no national id (other than passports; but most
             | people don't carry theirs on themselves in their own
             | country) because driver's licenses (issued by states) serve
             | the same purpose. We don't have a non-DL id (that's popular
             | at least).
             | 
             | Anyway, this is sort of by-the-by. Most adults have
             | driver's licenses, and no one in Alaska is going to reject
             | your Tennessee-issued DL so it is a de-facto national id.
        
               | piva00 wrote:
               | 91% of adults have a driver's license, leaving 9% of
               | potential voters without a DL.
               | 
               | In a properly functioning democracy barring 9% of your
               | voting population from voting because they lack an
               | unrelated document (why should a driver's license be
               | linked to ability to vote?) would be considered a major
               | flaw.
        
               | leflambeur wrote:
               | You don't get it.
               | 
               | You may elect to have your DL as a voting document as a
               | convenience. It doesn't mean you have to have one in
               | order to vote. A state's Board of Elections will issue
               | you a voting document.
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | >>why should a driver's license be linked to ability to
               | vote?
               | 
               | It's not, it's just one of many acceptable forms of id -
               | along with a passport, birth certificate, and probably
               | few others.
               | 
               | >>In a properly functioning democracy barring 9% of your
               | voting population
               | 
               | Unless they are stopped from obtaining _any_ document
               | then they aren 't barred from anything. Most Americans
               | don't have a passport either but no one would argue that
               | they are barred from travelling internationally, they
               | _just_ have to go and get a passport issued.
        
               | piva00 wrote:
               | > Unless they are stopped from obtaining any document
               | then they aren't barred from anything. Most Americans
               | don't have a passport either but no one would argue that
               | they are barred from travelling internationally, they
               | just have to go and get a passport issued.
               | 
               | Making it difficult (as the article states, this 9% do
               | not have ready access to documents proving their
               | citizenship) is essentially barring with extra steps.
               | 
               | I hate this semantics/loophole game Americans like to
               | play, seems to be quite common in your society to use the
               | "akshually, technically" and going completely against the
               | spirit of something. The spirit is: this makes it more
               | difficult to vote, it will inevitably bar some people
               | from voting, it's just salami-slicing...
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | >> seems to be quite common in your society
               | 
               | I'm not American and I don't know why you'd assume I am -
               | to me the fact that americans don't have ID requirements
               | to vote is insane.
               | 
               | >>as the article states, this 9% do not have ready access
               | to documents proving their citizenship
               | 
               | Again, do they simply not have them because they never
               | bothered to get them, or are they unable to obtain them?
               | That's quite a big difference.
               | 
               | I also hope we're not saying that if someone turned 18
               | and just simply never bothered to obtain any kind of
               | acceptable ID(and there are usually many) then it's
               | somehow _unfair_ to not let them vote - because I really
               | struggle to see how that would be true.
        
               | leflambeur wrote:
               | A lot of people seem to just assume that other countries
               | have less friction (or no friction at all?) for people to
               | vote, than the United States. My friends from other
               | countries would find that amusing.
               | 
               | I get it that some states try to disenfranchise people
               | and obviously that's wrong but the answer to that cannot
               | be "voter id requirements are bad".
        
               | dontTREATonme wrote:
               | 40% of the eligible voters sit out every election. No one
               | who wants to vote is being barred from anything. They
               | don't lack an unrelated document, they lack the proof
               | that they are allowed to vote. We have freedom of
               | expression and yet to purchase alcohol you must be able
               | to prove you are allowed to buy it. We have the freedom
               | to bear arms and yet in many states you must prove you
               | aren't a nut job to own and carry a gun.
        
               | lynx97 wrote:
               | In a properly functioning democracy ... nobody without
               | proof of citizenship should ever be allowed to cast a
               | vote.
        
           | suzzer99 wrote:
           | a) Republicans did the math and figured out that a lot of
           | people who vote Democrat didn't have IDs. Old black people,
           | in particular, were not likely to have IDs. Republicans also
           | did stuff like accept fishing and hunting licenses for
           | voting, but not university ID. None of this is a secret. A
           | think-tank called ALEC came up with it. In-person voter
           | fraud, the only kind of election rigging that voter ID laws
           | prevent, is next to impossible in the US system and basically
           | never occurs on more than a one-off basis.
           | 
           | b) A lot of those people who didn't have IDs have either
           | gotten IDs or died off by now, so the Republican advantage of
           | voter ID laws has faded.
           | 
           | c) Given (b), Republicans have moved on to other tactics like
           | voter purges, shutting down registration offices and polling
           | stations to create long lines in urban districts,
           | gerrymandering, and limiting early voting and mail in voting.
           | One of their favorite tactics is limiting early-voting
           | mailboxes to one per precinct, whether that precinct has
           | 1,000 voters or 1,000,000. You can guess which way the
           | crowded urban precincts tend to vote.
           | 
           | The whole idea is just to put their thumb on the scale enough
           | to discourage some small % of voters in the swing states that
           | determine our president every four years. If you live in
           | California, no one cares how you vote for President.
        
             | chgs wrote:
             | Tory party did this in the uk. Old people bus pass is
             | allowed. Student id card isn't.
        
               | thorin wrote:
               | Bus pass is issued by the government though. Student id
               | is issued by the college. I know because I made one at
               | the student union to help with getting into nightclubs
               | (allegedly).
        
               | JKCalhoun wrote:
               | And here we created fake state-issued driver's licenses
               | when I was in college.
               | 
               | (Wish I could find a photo of a giant, fake driver's
               | license on foam core with a rectangle cut out for the
               | person to stand behind when a photo was taken.)
        
             | concordDance wrote:
             | Can we have some numbers/citations on the proportion of
             | democrat and republican voters without ID? Because I've
             | heard that it will benefit Democrats and is a Reoublican
             | own goal.
        
               | londons_explore wrote:
               | Nearly everyone has a driving license, so the percentage
               | without ID must be really small.
        
               | ddtaylor wrote:
               | Elderly do not renew license to avoid eye test that gets
               | driving taken away.
        
             | torginus wrote:
             | With how many top tech CEOs lining up behind Trump, I
             | wonder how much of Californian democratic support backed by
             | staunch belief, rather than political expediency.
        
               | ZeroGravitas wrote:
               | Stats show that Tech workers mostly vote blue, but as you
               | move up the corporate ladder they slowly start to vote
               | more red because their increasing wealth gradually makes
               | them more and more in touch with the forgotten factory
               | workers in the rust belt and angrier about the handful of
               | trans athletes ruining women's sports.
        
           | tzs wrote:
           | That's because you live someplace where the things described
           | in the various links in this comment [1] do not happen or
           | happen way less than they do in the US.
           | 
           | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42116609
        
           | IshKebab wrote:
           | If it makes you feel any better the UK Conservatives tried
           | this under the "we have to stop voting fraud" excuse. Turns
           | out it backfired because the oldies couldn't figure out the
           | new requirements leading to this scandalous quote from
           | pantomime villain Jacob Reese-Mogg:
           | 
           | > Parties that try and gerrymander end up finding that their
           | clever scheme comes back to bite them, as dare I say we found
           | by insisting on voter ID for elections.
           | 
           | > We found the people who didn't have ID were elderly and
           | they by and large voted Conservative, so we made it hard for
           | our own voters and we upset a system that worked perfectly
           | well.
        
             | razakel wrote:
             | Even Boris Johnson was turned away from a polling station
             | because he didn't have his ID with him.
        
           | Cthulhu_ wrote:
           | I don't, but we have a functioning citizen registration
           | system; every voting eligible citizen gets sent a voting card
           | when elections come up. That can only work if you're
           | registered and have a known address. "Illegal aliens" don't
           | have that, so they can't vote. Foreign nationals that are
           | registered / stay here legally also don't get voting rights
           | so they simply don't get the voting card mailed to them.
           | 
           | But also because of that registration, getting a kind of ID
           | involves making an appointment at the county house, filling
           | in a form and handing over a recent portrait photo. It's a
           | bit of a hassle but nothing extreme.
        
           | matwood wrote:
           | You've fallen victim to GOP propaganda. They use 'Voter ID'
           | as a reasonable sounding shorthand for a lot of policies that
           | just make it harder to vote. The other responders highlighted
           | many of them.
        
         | tptacek wrote:
         | Voter ID helps Democrats in 2025, it doesn't hurt them.
        
           | jl6 wrote:
           | How do you figure?
        
             | roxolotl wrote:
             | The theory here is democrats on average are more educated,
             | wealthier, and in more of a position to prove they are
             | citizens. Don't have an opinion on that. But it's something
             | I know many democrats around me have said.
        
             | lolinder wrote:
             | The demographics of the parties have shifted quite a bit
             | with Trump's second term. The Republicans lost much of
             | their educated elite but made up for it by gaining a lot of
             | the poor folks that have hitherto been the Democratic
             | backbone and who are most hurt by voter ID.
             | 
             | Trump lost the $30k-$50k democraphic by 9 points in 2016,
             | but turned around and won it by 6 points in 2024--a
             | 15-point swing! Meanwhile he won the $100k-$200k and $200k+
             | demographics by ~2 percentage points in 2016, but lost it
             | by 5+ points in 2024 even while winning the popular vote.
             | 
             | It's possible that this was a one-off and not a major
             | permanent realignment, but it's definitely not as clear cut
             | as it used to be.
        
             | tptacek wrote:
             | Because of educational polarization and race
             | depolarization, Democrats now overperform Republicans in
             | low-turnout elections. It's been true in every cycle
             | starting in 2018 (and in the special elections before
             | that).
        
         | concordDance wrote:
         | On the scale of concern, voter ID is way down there. You've
         | already had both "prosecute main political opponent" and "storm
         | the legislature".
         | 
         | Voter ID is very common and sensible. The UK introduced it
         | recently and while it did disenfranchise people this was not to
         | the benefit of the party in power when the law was introduced.
        
         | nthingtohide wrote:
         | https://x.com/yishan/status/1906592890845028405
         | 
         | This whole thread is gold. People just casually discussing why
         | it is necessary for America to enslave the world AND it is
         | beneficial for the world. The color revolutions were successful
         | in other countries until the DeepState decided to bring that
         | "social engineering technology" to home. Somehow people think
         | they can contain such moral corruption just as plasma is
         | contained using electromagnetic coils in fusion reactors.
        
         | alkonaut wrote:
         | That Democrats have held both the white house and congress
         | several times over the last decades, and didn't try to put in
         | place some reasonable voter ID laws is really sick.
         | 
         | Basically the law they would need is "states can do whatever
         | voter ID they want, if it's free and easy to get ID and 9X% of
         | voters not just _can get it, but actually actually have it,
         | otherwise they can't". Or they could have made a federal ID and
         | ensured everyone gets it.
         | 
         | But Democrats always felt that even going ner voter id laws
         | were a bit dangerous. It always rang like "voter suppression"
         | to them (and in many ways it probably was). But they missed the
         | chance to make it impossible for Republicans to abuse it as
         | voter suppression - and here we are now, worrying that there
         | will be voter ID laws despite many lacking ID. It's
         | infuriating.
         | 
         | Why the idea of "we'll just make sure people have ID" is so
         | unimaginable is just completely impossible to understand. It
         | doesn't matter that there is no actual in-person voter fraud.
         | Voter ID laws are a good thing anyway - if everyone actually
         | has ID. It adds trust to the process and god knows the US needs
         | a process where people actually believe it's secure, not just
         | one that IS secure.
        
           | wesapien wrote:
           | Does that matter as much as citizens united?
        
             | alkonaut wrote:
             | Assuming citizens united isn't going anywhere (it's not,
             | with the current SC), then yes.
        
         | dang wrote:
         | Please don't take this thread or any HN thread into even more
         | of a political flamewar hell. It's not what this site is for,
         | and destroys what it is for.
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
         | 
         | Edit: it looks like your account has been using HN primarily
         | for political battle. That's a line at which we ban accounts,
         | regardless of what your politics are or aren't. See
         | https://hn.algolia.com/?sort=byDate&dateRange=all&type=comme...
         | for past explanations.
         | 
         | If you'd please revert to using HN as intended, we'd appreciate
         | it.
        
       | casey2 wrote:
       | The US particularly has an extremely large population of men (10s
       | of millions) who don't work. Who knows if they'd be doing "low
       | skill" manufacturing if somebody was around to hire them. But if
       | you actually wanted this to work you would have started by
       | subsidizing american raw materials.
        
         | ianpurton wrote:
         | Tesla in Berlin employs 12,000 workers and can produce 5000
         | cars a week.
         | 
         | The US will need a lot of factories to employ 10s of millions
         | of workers.I also imagine new factories will employ less
         | workers due to increased automation.
         | 
         | I'm interested to see how this plays out.
        
           | lm28469 wrote:
           | This isn't the 1950s, factories are mostly automated:
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=blW-Fa4a10g
           | 
           | That's the whole reason we went all in with tech and
           | automation
        
         | UncleMeat wrote:
         | There are around 200m working age americans. So 100m working
         | age american men. You are claiming that 20% of working age
         | american men (at least) are playing video games all day (I
         | assume that being in school or raising children or whatever is
         | acceptable activity)? Where are you getting these numbers?
        
         | __turbobrew__ wrote:
         | Why is there a focus on men not working? I have seen it in at
         | least 3 comments in this thread.
         | 
         | Latest bls stats show men unemployment at 4.2% and women
         | unemployment at 4.1%
         | 
         | https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cpseea10.htm
        
           | ttw44 wrote:
           | Civilization has always operated on the idea that men must
           | work for it to function properly. When less people willingly
           | work it can be detrimental for future welfare. The way that
           | unemployment is interpreted by the public now is not very
           | accurate. The gig economy has grown massively since 2020,
           | which counts towards labor statistics, but its arguable to
           | say if they should. The number of small or local owned
           | businesses have grown substantially since 2020 - but is that
           | because of a surplus of opportunity or people looking for
           | ways to make additional money? The quality of the labor
           | matters.
        
           | bitshiftfaced wrote:
           | I believe the miscommunication here is that "total people not
           | working" and "total unemployment" represent different subsets
           | of the population. That is to say, there are people who are
           | not working who aren't looking to work and aren't categorized
           | as part of unemployment.
        
           | otoburb wrote:
           | You have to go back more years to see the trendline. BLS has
           | a different chart showing the male participation rate
           | dropping while female participation rate has remained fairly
           | constant over the past decade.[1]
           | 
           | By my rough estimation that's ~7M men unaccounted for by
           | simply not participating in the 'traditional' labour force.
           | Keep in mind that it could also 'simply' be that a lot of
           | those unaccounted men are working but in ways that the
           | government(s) at different levels are unable to reliably
           | track.
           | 
           | There have been some articles and attention picking up on
           | this trend over the past few years.[2]
           | 
           | [1] https://www.bls.gov/charts/employment-situation/civilian-
           | lab...
           | 
           | [2] https://www.nationalaffairs.com/publications/detail/educa
           | tio...
        
             | __turbobrew__ wrote:
             | [2] is an interesting article, but it doesn't go into why
             | male participation rates are going down more than female
             | rates, outside of the fact that men are much more likely to
             | be convicted of felonies which makes work prospects worse.
             | 
             | Anecdotally what I have seen most in men are the shut in
             | NEETs who live with their parents and/or collect disability
             | and play video games all day. Why this is uniquely a
             | phenomenon for men is unclear to me, but on the other side
             | I know of lots of trophy wives who just go to yoga class
             | and salons all day and do not produce economic value, and
             | they are not put under the same microscope as NEETs.
        
       | toasterlovin wrote:
       | I believe this from the White House contains the only semi
       | official numbers:
       | 
       | https://www.whitehouse.gov/fact-sheets/2025/04/fact-sheet-pr....
       | 
       | That has 10% across the board starting April 5th, then
       | unspecified rates for the "worst offenders" starting April 9th.
       | 
       | I say "semi official" because it's not official until US Customs
       | and Border Patrol publishes the rates. So far I don't think
       | they've done that. Their announcements page here doesn't have
       | anything:
       | 
       | https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/announcements
        
         | willvarfar wrote:
         | Yes Trump has a history of announcing shocks and then quietly
         | back-peddling etc. But the numbers come from the big placard he
         | holds up. There are pics of his announcement holding his rate
         | card in article if you scroll down.
        
           | toasterlovin wrote:
           | Yeah, I've seen the boards he was holding up, but the fact
           | that those numbers are not on the whitehouse.gov page and
           | that they'll be implemented a few days later makes me think
           | they're not final yet. Plus we don't know if they're in
           | addition to or replace the existing China tariffs, for
           | example.
        
             | Qworg wrote:
             | The admin has stated they are in addition to (totaling
             | 54%).
        
             | Loughla wrote:
             | They're absolutely in addition to.
             | 
             | We run a very small business (luckily just for side
             | income). One of our suppliers expects prices to go up
             | 45-55% by the time this is done. It sucks out loud because
             | there are literally no suppliers from the US for the parts
             | we need.
        
       | pjmlp wrote:
       | Looking forward to the retaliatory tariffs, which seems to be
       | only language this administration understands.
       | 
       | I guess it will eventually be the year of FOSS software, I am
       | only waiting for the administration going back to export
       | restrictions in software as well.
        
       | seydor wrote:
       | for starters, countries will sell to the UK , which will resell
       | to the US at the lowest tarriff rate. Great for the UK, but
       | stupid.
       | 
       | I try to sympathize with trump's deglobalization agenda but it is
       | probably exactly what it seems to be : a colossal stupidity.
        
         | patrickmcnamara wrote:
         | Just shipping goods through the UK does not make them UK-
         | origin. They have to have a "substantial transformation".
        
           | seydor wrote:
           | "Johnnie Walker Champagne"
        
             | louthy wrote:
             | That's good, but if you want the really good stuff: Rolls
             | Royce Champagne
        
           | ddouglascarr wrote:
           | Do you have a reference for this? If they're requiring
           | substantial transformation, how is this assessed and
           | enforced?
        
             | patrickmcnamara wrote:
             | It's pretty complicated and case-by-case, and I'm no
             | expert.
             | 
             | https://www.trade.gov/rules-origin-substantial-
             | transformatio...
        
         | bitshiftfaced wrote:
         | In that example, the UK would soon run a trade surplus, and
         | presumably the US would increase their tariff.
        
       | tmellon2 wrote:
       | The De Minimis loophole is highly significant with 4 Million
       | packages per day (What ?). The clause to address this loophole
       | needs to be stated more accurately - It should clearly define it
       | to be _higher / lower_ of 30 % of value of shipment under $800 or
       | $25 per shipment and not _either_
       | 
       | Source :https://www.whitehouse.gov/fact-sheets/2025/04/fact-
       | sheet-pr....
        
       | misja111 wrote:
       | The attempts to force a mineral deal on to Ukraine, and also the
       | attempts to get hold of Greenland, start to make sense if you
       | assume that the Trump administration is preparing for a permanent
       | global trade war. Higher costs for mineral imports would hurt the
       | US economy the most.
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | Did the "de minimus" exemption on small packages from China go
       | away, and are all those now going to have to go through customs
       | clearance?
        
         | teruakohatu wrote:
         | What will happen is the same as when my govt. added GST (sales
         | tax) on all imports with no de minimus exception [1], the
         | overseas retailers will agree to add it on at checkout so their
         | packages will sail through customs.
         | 
         | From a practical perspective I can't see any other way.
         | 
         | Closing the "GST loophole" as they called it didn't help New
         | Zealand retailers, but did increase tax revenue and raise
         | prices for consumers.
         | 
         | [1] There is an exception if the retailer does less than a
         | certain dollar figure of exports in total to New Zealand.
        
       | kriro wrote:
       | Time for the EU to float the idea of the PetroEuro.
        
       | whatshisface wrote:
       | There has been a lot of speculation about why this is being done,
       | given that even a young child could understand that a grocery
       | store is not taking advantage of you when you exchange your money
       | for goods. Some say that it doesn't need an explanation, because
       | the President has so much power that caprice and a little bad
       | advice from a cabinet member is all it takes. That is not a
       | complete picture, though, because power in the US is spread out
       | enough that while only the President needs a reason to do
       | something, many others must have a reason to allow it.
       | 
       | Here's one idea for a "why are his supporters allowing this,"
       | sort of explanation. In the US, educated professionals hold way
       | more importance than the global average, due to the US's status
       | as an exporter of services. They tend to vote for liberal (in the
       | European sense) policies, whether Republican or Democrat.
       | 
       | If you wanted to destroy liberalism in the United States, you
       | would have to drastically reduce the importance of higher
       | education and professional labor. This can be done by placing
       | very high taxes on the import of goods and base resources, so
       | that young people who would have become engineers have to become
       | miners, loggers and machinists instead. While I do not think this
       | is true (blue-collar workers do not live up to the ultraright's
       | "noble savage" sort of fantasy about their preferences and are
       | actually just like anyone else... but if you're an elite you
       | don't know that firsthand), it sounds plausible that enough of
       | the people who are important for a season might believe it, and
       | support it as a plan to remake American culture, not in their
       | image, but in the image of a fantasy they share.
       | 
       | This works together with the strategic need to decouple from
       | trade with a country before invading them, dramatically
       | increasing the number of opportunities for self-aggrandizement
       | through the threatening of war, high-stakes diplomacy,
       | negotiations over individual prices... which also offer some
       | respite for elected officials who would otherwise take an
       | unending beating in the news over consumer data.
        
       | mailund wrote:
       | So now that the impacted countries will respond with tariffs, are
       | there any chance they might include tariffs on digital services
       | like AWS and Azure, or will they only target physical goods that
       | cross the border?
       | 
       | I don't know how these things usually work in the best cases, and
       | it seems like we're living in exceptionally stupid ones right
       | now.
        
         | bad_haircut72 wrote:
         | Foreign countries will probably start taxing Google/Facebook
         | ads if not outright banning US tech companies from operating.
         | When that happens, watch the whitehouse roll back everything
        
           | drivebyhooting wrote:
           | Or escalate? Roll back defense guarantees.
        
       | atoav wrote:
       | I guess we Europeans have to get our stuff from elsewhere than a
       | nation hostile to the world with an insane unpredictable leader.
       | China may also be authoritarian, but at least they are stable.
       | 
       | The coolest thing to read are american takes that are like "hey
       | this might be benefiting us for that obscure reason", totally
       | ignoring the fact that you _betrayed_ your allies. Land of fhe
       | free my ass. The only ideology the US has is nihilistic greed
       | paired with hyperindividualsm and transactionalism to the point
       | where Americans think if someone else is getting a thing you are
       | hurting.
       | 
       | If the US was a kid it wouldn't invite others over because it
       | wants to eat the birthday cake alone. And then it shits on all
       | the cakes at the bakery because it wants to be the only kid
       | eating cakes. If that is the American idea of how to lead a great
       | life the rest of the world is better of without it.
        
         | drivebyhooting wrote:
         | You might enjoy your Chinese overlords more then. Time will
         | tell.
        
           | atoav wrote:
           | As if the things the US produces aren't predominantly made in
           | China already. Cutting out the middleman can't hurt,
           | especially if the middleman behaves like a mob boss.
        
             | enaaem wrote:
             | I actually stopped buying from Amazon and went to either
             | the producer's site or Aliexpress. Literally the same
             | products but without the middleman.
             | 
             | I once needed to claim warrantee on a broken charger and
             | after navigating all the dark patters Amazon just referred
             | me to the producer's website. It's not even convenient.
        
             | Nemrod67 wrote:
             | oh the irony
        
               | atoav wrote:
               | He who is free of sin..
        
         | CapricornNoble wrote:
         | > totally ignoring the fact that you betrayed your allies
         | 
         | The US is following the example of its mentor, the UK.
         | Perfidious Albion allied with the Germans and Russians to fight
         | the French (Napoleonic Wars), then allied with the French and
         | Russians to fight the Germans (WW1 & WW2), then allied with the
         | French and Germans to counter the Russians (Cold War). Great
         | powers don't have permanent friends, nor do they have permanent
         | enemies, they only have permanent interests. Europeans were
         | simply naive[0], thinking they were the equals of the world's
         | hyperpower for some reason, just because our post-WW2 dealings
         | were executed with substantially more carrot than stick. It's
         | just normalcy bias. Somehow Europe didn't think they would ever
         | end up like the South Vietnamese, the Hmong, the Kurds (against
         | Saddam, in 1991[1]), the Afghans, the Kurds again (against the
         | Turks[2]), and now the Ukrainians. Some argue there is more
         | than a bit of latent racism involved, not expecting the White
         | People Countries to be abused by the Empire the same way Brown
         | People Countries are.[3]
         | 
         | > If the US was a kid it wouldn't invite others over because it
         | wants to eat the birthday cake alone.
         | 
         | This is why I often state that Woodrow Wilson is the worst
         | President in American history. Besides shackling us with both
         | the Federal Reserve Banking System _and_ Federal Income Tax, he
         | dragged us into Europe 's internecine bloodshed and normalized
         | that interventionism despite Americans largely being
         | comfortable with sticking to our own hemisphere. In 1913, the
         | US already had the world's largest GDP, with a GDP per capita
         | roughly equal to Imperial Germany and about 75% of the UK's
         | (assuming Copilot isn't lying to me on this data). Imports were
         | only 4% of GDP compared to 15% in 2023. I think the wealthy
         | elite who are siding with Trump are charting a plan to return
         | the US to the same kind of domestically-focused economy, but we
         | don't have the sort of natural resources nor human capital to
         | ensure a decent quality of life on a short timeframe (or
         | perhaps even a longer one) given the "shock treatment" that
         | they are implementing.
         | 
         | [0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eh1zmDi0qN0
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1991_Iraqi_uprisings#U.S._radi...
         | 
         | [2]
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Claw_(2019%E2%80%932...
         | 
         | [3] https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2022/3/1/covering-
         | ukraine...
        
           | the_gipsy wrote:
           | > I think the wealthy elite who are siding with Trump are
           | charting a plan to return the US to the same kind of
           | domestically-focused economy
           | 
           | You're delusional, if you think there is any kind of plan
           | going on here. Nobody knew any plan beyond "tariffs" and
           | ideas about invasions coming out of thin air. The tariff
           | numbers are a complete joke.
           | 
           | No, there is no grand scheme, hidden behind an act of
           | absolute incompetence. It's just a short-term money/power
           | grab for the already rich. An attempt to turn the world's
           | "hyperpower" as you put it, into a second-world oligarchy.
           | This may end up in total disaster, that is, a thirld-world
           | oligarchy, if you look at China. But it's hard to actually
           | look at China from the West.
        
             | CapricornNoble wrote:
             | Half the people complaining about Trump's actions say that
             | it's all according to Project 2025, and half the people say
             | what you're saying, that's it all chaotic incompetence with
             | no plan.
             | 
             | I suppose the worst-case scenario is elements of both are
             | true. They've got a fucked up playbook but can't even
             | execute it correctly?
             | 
             | For the record I also don't think they are likely to
             | succeed, I'm just trying to assess what/how they might be
             | planning, or what direction they _think_ they can take the
             | country in. We can agree that they probably won 't get the
             | results they want and that America is in for a very rough
             | ride.
        
               | ookdatnog wrote:
               | > Half the people complaining about Trump's actions say
               | that it's all according to Project 2025, and half the
               | people say what you're saying, that's it all chaotic
               | incompetence with no plan.
               | 
               | I think this is a misunderstanding (not sure if it's on
               | your part of on the part of some of the complaining
               | people): the Trump admin's agenda and strategy are
               | clearly following Project 2025, for the most part. But
               | Trump's tariff obsession does not originate there. I'm
               | quite certain that even the most pro-tariff of the
               | conservative think tanks are uncomfortable with how far
               | he's pushing it.
               | 
               | I get the impression that the zeal behind Project 2025 is
               | not motivated by their economic ideas but mostly by their
               | perception of being in a culture war that they are now on
               | the cusp of winning (they aren't). They deeply hate and
               | resent the "liberal elites" (academics, journalists, etc)
               | who they feel have too much influence on American
               | culture, and the dream that keeps them going is not
               | merely defeating these liberal elites electorally, but
               | utterly _destroying_ them. To  "put them in their place",
               | as it were.
               | 
               | One thing that would derail their plans is if Trump lays
               | waste to the economy early in his term, so that he's
               | likely to lose the midterms and a Democrat becomes the
               | next president, and perhaps even making their political
               | movement unviable for years or decades. So even his pro-
               | tariff supporters are uneasy now: the tariff policy is so
               | extreme that it is likely to interfere with their
               | overarching goal.
        
       | ringeryless wrote:
       | No tariffs on Russia, interestingly enough.
       | 
       | All actions by this administration point to Trump working in
       | cahoots with Putin, which we were told was "a hoax".
       | 
       | The White House dressing down of Zelensky, and this week Russias
       | investment chief in the US, and just scads of obvious daily
       | reminders that Trump has no bad words for his pal. Odd.
       | 
       | Tariffs on our friends and allies while he speaks of dropping
       | sanctions on Russia and meanwhile levies no tariffs upon goods
       | from Russia, zero. Odd.
        
         | trallnag wrote:
         | Countries like North Korea and Russia are already covered by
         | sanctions
        
           | nthingtohide wrote:
           | There are secondary tariffs on those countries who buy from
           | Russia and Venezuela or Iran. i.e. if you buy oil from
           | Venezuela, then your export of clothing will invite 25%
           | tarrifs.
        
           | JKCalhoun wrote:
           | Are the two mutually exclusive? Because using the same
           | formula they apply to other countries, Russia would have
           | tariffs as high as 84%. (I confess to using an LLM to get me
           | the data.)
        
       | new_user_final wrote:
       | My understandings reading some comments. 1. Prices will increase
       | 2. US will need to manufacture things and they will need a lots
       | of workers. There will be shortage of workers because factory
       | pays minimal wages. 3. Factories will have to offer higher amount
       | of salary that will increase price
       | 
       | Ultimately prices increases for everything and working class will
       | suffer more.
        
         | pishpash wrote:
         | It's a scheme for the top-top to once again, not pay for
         | anything because they pass the cost along. The W2 class gets to
         | redistribute amongst themselves.
        
         | altacc wrote:
         | More likely that prices will go up and wages will stay the
         | same.
         | 
         | Factories take a long time to build and businesses know that
         | Trump is erratic and therefore have no idea how long these
         | tariffs will be in place for. So opening a totally new and
         | otherwise unneeded factory is a big risk. (Some companies have
         | made recent announcements about opening factories in the US but
         | largely these factories were planned to meet existing marker
         | needs, just not yet decided where they would be.)
         | 
         | The price of a product will only go down when the majority of
         | demand can be met by tariff free means. Until then a US company
         | will sell a product at the same price as the imported, tariffed
         | product because that's what they do. Same happened during the
         | recent inflationary spike. Businesses put prices up more than
         | their costs went up as they had an excuse.
         | 
         | Large businesses hate putting up wages and the level of
         | desperation in the US is such that there is a large pool of
         | people to fill low paying factory jobs. The post-pandemic wage
         | increases were noticeable for the opposition to them and that
         | was a very short 12-18 month spike, with wage growth now back
         | to normal.
         | 
         | Yes, either way, the working class, indeed the median American,
         | suffer.
        
         | lm28469 wrote:
         | Don't forget that you first have to build the factories and
         | somehow resuscitate the knowledge that died a few generations
         | ago. A factory isn't just a big warehouse full of low skilled
         | people, you need machines we don't have anymore, processes we
         | lost, &c.
        
         | Havoc wrote:
         | All of which sounds ok until you factor in timelines. In takes
         | years to spin up new factories and supply chains.
         | 
         | Choking the existing options when replacements are years away
         | is a guaranteed way to ensure economic carnage
        
       | DeathArrow wrote:
       | US says there was an imbalance in trade, and that is true only if
       | we look at goods. If we look at services, I think the picture
       | changes.
       | 
       | What if the EU and rest of the world starts adding taxes to
       | financial and IT services provided by the US? What if Amazon
       | cloud and Netflix start costing 20% more?
       | 
       | And let's not forget US is printing dollars which are being used
       | for worldwide trade and the rest of the world subsidies their
       | inflation and their economy through that.
       | 
       | Let's not forget US exported the 2008 crysis and most of the
       | world payed for that.
       | 
       | I don't think US will like if the rest of the world stops using
       | US dollars, stops using US financial services and stops investing
       | in US economy by buying shares, bonds, securities.
        
         | enaaem wrote:
         | Interesting what happens to tech valuation. A large part
         | depends on global reach, 'infinite' scaling and a winner takes
         | all probability.
        
       | yapyap wrote:
       | Wild
        
       | jbverschoor wrote:
       | The whole table doesn't make sense. We (NL/EU) don't charge the
       | US 39% to import . Apparently orange guy (not the Dutch) doesn't
       | understand VAT rates.
       | 
       | Car? max 4.5 + 21% VAT = 25%. But it simply doesn't matter bc we
       | don't want their cars.. Except for thee Dodge RAM, which can be
       | converted to a tax efficient company car (crazy)..
       | 
       | What amazes me even more is that Elon doesn't seems to understand
       | it either.
        
         | 0xy wrote:
         | It doesn't make sense because you didn't read the original
         | board. It clearly states 'including trade barriers'. You're
         | attacking a strawman.
         | 
         | Countries, including the EU, like to have 'low tariffs' and
         | then have sneaky backdoor taxes or outright bans on US goods
         | through things like milk quotas (Canada), 'biosecurity'
         | (Australia) or EU courts issuing spurious fines on US companies
         | (based on vague laws that only get enforced against US
         | companies, like DMA).
        
           | reaperman wrote:
           | I think you might be granting the administration too much
           | benefit of the doubt. They aren't based on "tariffs + trade
           | barriers", they're just based on trade deficit alone.
           | 
           | https://x.com/JamesSurowiecki/status/1907559189234196942
           | 
           | https://archive.ph/kRkRh
        
           | energy123 wrote:
           | VAT isn't a trade barrier.
        
             | 0xy wrote:
             | DMA is. GDPR is. Both are applied principally against
             | competitors using arbitrary fines invented by the EU. No
             | compliance guidance is given, because the laws are
             | inherently vague.
        
               | jbverschoor wrote:
               | It's not. It is not anything specific against for example
               | the US. We have many consumer protection laws. Has
               | nothing to do with the US.
        
               | 0xy wrote:
               | Link me to a single example of an EU company getting
               | fined under DMA. After all, you said it was applied
               | equally so it should be easy :)
        
               | CorrectHorseBat wrote:
               | None of the gatekeepers are EU companies.
               | 
               | You might say that's proof of it being unfair, but can
               | you name a EU company which should be one? I can't really
               | think of one, US companies are just so much bigger on the
               | internet, even in the EU.
               | 
               | Looking at the other law you mentioned, GDPR, there are
               | many EU companies receiving GDPR fines.
        
               | 0xy wrote:
               | Absolute nonsense, of course. Your case disintegrates
               | completely given Spotify was given a specific and
               | targeted carve-out in DMA.
               | 
               | The law is written to arbitrarily tax US "gatekeepers"
               | while explicitly excluding EU gatekeepers. Booking.com is
               | another, also carved out.
        
               | Ragnarork wrote:
               | If a city enforces a new speed limit somewhere and only
               | people living outside of the city break that speed limit,
               | you argue that the law isn't applied equally because no
               | resident of the city has been fined so far?
               | 
               | That's the most backward way of trying to prove a point
               | (without even addressing whether DMA and GDPR are a good
               | thing or not, just based on that...)
        
               | yard2010 wrote:
               | That's not just some bs - the other side of the coin is
               | crooked billionaires and other reptilians taking
               | advantage of anything in their way blinded by their
               | massive greed and psycopathic traits.
               | 
               | Excuse me, this is not how a society should roll. Not a
               | sustainable one at least.
        
               | patapong wrote:
               | In that case, VW being fined 17bn for dieselgate should
               | also count as a trade barrier?
        
           | Epa095 wrote:
           | It doesn't make sense because it is not a table of tariffs
           | (including or excluding trade barriers) at all.
           | 
           | It is a table of the current trade deficit against each
           | country as a ratio.
        
           | cwillu wrote:
           | > milk quotas (Canada)
           | 
           | You mean the milk quota on imports that (a) trump negotiated
           | and (b) the us has never hit?
        
             | 0xy wrote:
             | No, I mean the trade dispute that the Biden admin began.
             | [1]
             | 
             | [1] https://ustr.gov/about-us/policy-offices/press-
             | office/press-...
        
               | cwillu wrote:
               | Ah, so a practice that ruled on years ago, and which it
               | turns out still didn't have any significant impact on
               | imports anyway?
               | 
               | Also, remind me, when was the last time that the US
               | actually complied with an unfavourable ruling from the
               | trade panel?
        
           | marceldegraaf wrote:
           | VAT is not a "sneaky backdoor tax", it's imposed on all
           | goods, regardless of where they're produced or imported from.
           | 
           | DMA (and similarly, GDPR) are enforced in EU countries just
           | as much. It's just that the US tends to have more gigantic
           | tech companies that do shady things with user data.
           | Apparently the US doesn't care, but the EU actually does, and
           | so it enforces its laws.
        
             | pembrook wrote:
             | We're talking many 10s of billions in "fines" specifically
             | levied against US tech firms where there is no EU
             | competitor.
             | 
             | I don't necessarily disagree with all of the laws
             | themselves (some are incompetent EU risk aversion, some are
             | good protections) but given the massive never ending fines
             | being applied in bad faith and constantly moving goalposts
             | it is indeed a defacto tariff on US tech firms.
        
               | jonathanstrange wrote:
               | The fines are not imposed in bad faith, they're imposed
               | for actual, provable violations of the law. Companies who
               | do not violate the law are not fined. Complaining about
               | fines is another way of saying "We'd like to trade in the
               | EU while violating EU laws that every EU company also has
               | to adhere to."
        
               | pembrook wrote:
               | The laws are specifically designed to target US firms
               | without affecting EU ones and enforcement of fines and
               | the size of them is highly selective -- the most
               | attractive targets with the highest willingness to pay
               | without getting to the point where they would pull out of
               | the market.
               | 
               | If you do not see the moral hazard in this, I don't know
               | what else I can tell you. If the EU had a seriously
               | competitive tech industry, many of these laws would have
               | never been created, as the EU is not some moral believer
               | in privacy (they fight against encryption domestically),
               | they are just run-of-the-mill protectionists like all
               | governments.
        
               | detaro wrote:
               | If you claim GDPR is "not affecting" EU companies your
               | position has nothing to do with reality.
        
               | 0xy wrote:
               | There hasn't been a single DMA fine against an EU
               | company, ever. Nor have any been investigated.
               | 
               | The DMA is a tax on the United States. Look no further
               | than its enforcement and its text (highly targeted).
        
               | marceldegraaf wrote:
               | DMA is not the same as GDPR.
        
               | 0xy wrote:
               | The thread is specifically about DMA. My parent comment
               | mentions DMA specifically. This 'EU enforces the law
               | equally' position is nonsense, considering Spotify, an EU
               | company, was carved out from the DMA.
               | 
               | Sounds legit!
        
               | cwillu wrote:
               | Could it be because EU companies based on doing shitty
               | and illegal things just never get started in the first
               | place?
        
               | jonathanstrange wrote:
               | This is nonsense, I'm about to launch a company in the EU
               | and these laws are a major consideration and potential
               | pain point for us, too. They are very relevant for EU
               | companies.
               | 
               | This makes me wonder if US companies complaining about
               | the GDPR and DMA have any idea how many _more_ laws EU
               | companies have to comply with in addition to this. It 's
               | not easy.
        
               | sam_lowry_ wrote:
               | > provable violations of the law
               | 
               | If you ever tried reading GDPR or DMA... you will realize
               | pretty quickly that there is little meaning in them.
               | 
               | I am totally unsure someone can prove a DMA violation.
               | It's simpler with GDPR because a lot of concepts from it
               | have been already somehow interpreted and agreed upon.
               | But we do not have case law in EU, so I guess even known
               | GDPR violations are often dubious.
        
               | 0xy wrote:
               | You're trying to claim a law that is exclusively used to
               | fleece U.S. companies and never EU competitors is 'not
               | bad faith'?
               | 
               | When has the DMA been used against EU tech companies?
               | Never.
               | 
               | Your comment also shows a fundamental misunderstanding of
               | the DMA and GDPR laws. Neither of them are objective
               | laws, and they are applied subjectively without guidance.
               | 
               | Let me be very clear: the EU does not tell you how to
               | comply with either the DMA or the GDPR, period. The law
               | is extremely vague and does not prescribe how to comply
               | in any way, shape or form.
        
               | marceldegraaf wrote:
               | DMA has not been used against EU tech companies because
               | US tech companies are clearly the market leaders in the
               | area the DMA is concerned with. The DMA exists to make
               | sure that companies (from the EU, US, or elsewhere)
               | comply with EU regulations regarding privacy, tracking,
               | and consumer rights.
               | 
               | It's not a "tax" on US companies, it's just that US
               | companies don't bother to comply with the regulations
               | that apply in the EU, and thus get fined.
        
               | f33d5173 wrote:
               | >US tech companies are clearly the market leaders in the
               | area the DMA is concerned with.
               | 
               | There's a good argument that this is targeted. Why didn't
               | this regulation affect SAP? Their market position gives
               | them leverage over a massive number of companies.
               | 
               | >it's just that US companies don't bother to comply with
               | the regulations that apply in the EU, and thus get fined.
               | 
               | It's not that they "don't bother", it's that they
               | understand complying with the regulation to cost them
               | more than the fine. In other words, the regulation itself
               | is a sort of fine, or tax imposed by the EU, with a
               | magnitude of roughly equal proportion to the fines it
               | imposes.
        
               | jonathanstrange wrote:
               | No offense, but this is a silly argument. Companies in
               | country X tend to develop their products in conformance
               | with country X. Of course, products developed in the EU
               | will conform with EU law. By the same token, I would be
               | surprised if US companies habitually developed products
               | that don't conform with US law.
               | 
               | > _It 's not that they "don't bother", it's that they
               | understand complying with the regulation to cost them
               | more than the fine._
               | 
               | This means that the fines are not high enough and don't
               | fulfill their purpose. That's an argument for the thesis
               | that the EU is handling fines of violators in a too lax
               | fashion, not the opposite. This has also been the
               | impression of many EU citizens, and it seems to be the
               | reason why so many huge US corporations keep violating EU
               | customer protection rules again and again.
               | 
               | But the reality is also that US companies that violated
               | those rules basically have no EU competition because the
               | EU has an abysmal market in certain tech domains. There
               | simply are no viable EU equivalents to Apple, Google,
               | Facebook, and Microsoft.
        
               | f33d5173 wrote:
               | >Companies in country X tend to develop their products in
               | conformance with country X
               | 
               | You have the order wrong. The companies came first, then
               | came the laws. So we might reverse this statement to:
               | "countries with company X in them tend to develop their
               | laws so that company X is in conformance with those
               | laws". This latter statement seems likely enough to be
               | true, and is exactly the point of order in this
               | discussion.
               | 
               | >By the same token, I would be surprised if US companies
               | habitually developed products that don't conform with US
               | law.
               | 
               | It's called "growth hacking". Uber was quite famous for
               | it. The only time you'd benefit from breaking the law in
               | a foreign country vs. your own country is if you intend
               | to exit the market of that country; you don't have to
               | worry about paying fines if the country can't reach you.
               | If the intention is to continue doing business there,
               | then any punishment will have to be borne just as if you
               | were headquartered there.
               | 
               | >This means that the fines are not high enough and don't
               | fulfill their purpose.
               | 
               | You're missing the point. The laws scale so that
               | eventually they will be high enough that the company has
               | to conform. The point I'm making is that a company's
               | willingness to break a law shows that the law is costing
               | them money, and we can even estimate how much money it
               | costs them by the size of the fine. If we assume that all
               | laws are fair and just then this just means that the
               | company is evil. However, as we showed above, some laws
               | are unjust, hence them costing a company money can be a
               | way of unfairly extracting money from those companies.
        
               | jonathanstrange wrote:
               | At least as far as I'm concerned, there is no need to
               | further discuss your "laws are made for companies"
               | conjecture. I don't find it plausible for various
               | reasons. Anyway, good luck in your future endeavors!
        
               | 0xy wrote:
               | Explain why Spotify got a carve-out from the DMA despite
               | being an effective monopoly gatekeeper.
               | 
               | Is it because it's an EU company and the DMA is a tax on
               | the United States?
               | 
               | 'The law that applies only to US companies is applied
               | equally and fair!'
        
               | cwillu wrote:
               | This argument would be just as valid if the US was the
               | world leader in assassination markets: shitty and illegal
               | practices are shitty and illegal, regardless of whether
               | they were firmly established with significant markets in
               | other countries first.
        
               | 0xy wrote:
               | Unless you're EU company Spotify, who got a carve-out
               | from the DMA despite being a monopoly gatekeeper :)
        
             | jbverschoor wrote:
             | If anything is sneaky, it's the way how the in US you never
             | see salestax until you're about to pay :D
        
             | 0xy wrote:
             | DMA is applied equally, you say. How interesting! Can you
             | link me to the examples of the EU going after EU companies
             | for DMA violations? I couldn't find a single one. Not a
             | single case, ever.
             | 
             | The EU wanted to fine Google $35,000,000,000 under DMA.
             | That's a backdoor tax. No European tech company faces this
             | scrutiny. Never have, never will -- because the DMA is a
             | tax on the United States.
             | 
             | It's also interesting that the Google and Meta DMA fines
             | are expected to land in the next week. What a timing
             | coincidence, almost like it's retaliatory (as many articles
             | have suggested).
        
               | echoangle wrote:
               | Maybe the companies from the EU just didn't violate the
               | law? How does enforcement prove that it's a tax?
        
               | mopsi wrote:
               | > Can you link me to the examples of the EU going after
               | EU companies for DMA violations?
               | 
               | https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_
               | 24_...
        
               | 0xy wrote:
               | So they haven't gone after a single EU company and the
               | ONLY court cases or investigations on DMA were
               | specifically US companies?
        
           | 52-6F-62 wrote:
           | Comments like this make me wonder why some Americans think
           | they should be able to move on every other country "like a
           | bitch".
           | 
           | In some places, dollar is not god. Important, but not god.
        
         | photonios wrote:
         | > Except for thee Dodge RAM, which can be converted to a tax
         | efficient company car (crazy)
         | 
         | You can no longer do that since 1st of Jan 2025. The BPM
         | discount for company cars was removed.
        
           | GaryNumanVevo wrote:
           | Thank god, I'm so tired of seeing those things parked around
           | Amsterdam when the original loophole was for farmers :eye
           | roll:
        
         | GeneralMayhem wrote:
         | As found elsewhere on this thread, the rate is based on trade
         | deficit. Trump believes that having a negative trade balance
         | with a country means that they're cheating somehow, as opposed
         | to meaning that you just buy a lot of manufactured or raw goods
         | for them.
         | 
         | And no, that does not make any sense, and you're not missing
         | anything. He believes this because he's a fucking idiot. He's
         | aggressively racist, comically petty and thin-skinned, and
         | overtly authoritarian, and as far as I can tell actively wants
         | to permanently destroy American science and civil society out
         | of spite, but he's _also_ really, really, really dumb. In this
         | case, he 's managed to combine his powers to take a goal that's
         | born out of racism and xenophobia and then implement it in the
         | most idiotic way possible, and somehow the result is even worse
         | than the sum of its components.
        
         | blatantly wrote:
         | But then by the same logic isn't income tax a tariff.
        
         | blux wrote:
         | Seems he is using trade deficit percentages in his chart
         | instead of tariff percentages ... :/
        
         | tossandthrow wrote:
         | The thing is that Europeans wanted the Tesla cars. They fit
         | perfectly into the Europeans identity - had Tesla kept on and
         | kept the Tesla cars competitive without any political
         | interference, then that could have been great car exports from
         | the US to the EU.
        
           | Symbiote wrote:
           | Tesla built a factory in Germany to produce their cars.
        
             | sebazzz wrote:
             | Yes, but only later and only for the Model Y. The irony is
             | that the most popular model, the Model 3, is manufactured
             | in China, across the red sea (houti's!) to West Europe.
        
           | jbverschoor wrote:
           | They wanted it because at the launch until 2018 it was
           | basically free because of all the tax incentives. You got the
           | following benefits (Netherlands):                 Model-S was
           | about 85K excluding VAT (21%) for the plain version
           | Added tax incentives of 36% MIA       Added tax incentives of
           | 28% KIA       Accelerated depreciation of 75% in the first
           | year VAMIL       Free parking in the cities (normal hourly
           | rate 5 - 7.50/hr)       More/better parking options       A
           | free charger in front of your house regardless where
           | (basically your private parking spot until maybe 4 years
           | ago).       0 BPM tax (can be up to 40% of the price)       0
           | road tax (could be anywhere from 80-150 per month for type of
           | car)       0 personal fiscal penalties of 25% of the new
           | value of the car, including VAT (which would be a virtual
           | 26K/year extra salary. At 51% tax that's about 1000 per month
           | AFTER taxes)
           | 
           | The 85K car resulted in 90K deductibles in the first year.
           | 
           | The 85K car, including everything was cheaper to drive / own
           | than a FREE car.
           | 
           | Almost all of that stopped in 2022, and what do you know?
           | People stopped buying. THIS is politics. Setting _policies_
           | which drive _behavior_.
           | 
           | The government "decides" what you will want to buy / drive /
           | etc.
        
         | croes wrote:
         | They calculate (export-import)/import also they try to hide it
         | behind complicated formulas
         | 
         | https://universeodon.com/@cryptadamist/114272487006550281
         | 
         | On top of that they excluded services and only recognize goods
         | for the calculation.
        
         | axegon_ wrote:
         | Brave of you to assume that comrade muskov understands
         | anything.
        
         | vagab0nd wrote:
         | > But it simply doesn't matter bc we don't want their cars..
         | 
         | But is that cause or effect?
        
       | doener wrote:
       | "This guy cracked the tariff formula: @orthonormalist
       | 
       | It's simply the nation's trade deficit with us divided by the
       | nation's exports to us.
       | 
       | Yes. Really.
       | 
       | Vietnam: Exports 136.6, Imports 13.1 Deficit = 123.5
       | 
       | 123.5/136.6 = 90%"
       | 
       | https://x.com/Geiger_Capital/status/1907568233239949431
        
         | mrb wrote:
         | Holy cow! I had to check for myself: there are even more data
         | points on trade balance for all countries at
         | https://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/balance/index.html
         | (whereas @orthonormalist used a partial list from wikipedia)
         | and the percentages I calculate line up exactly with the
         | Trump's full list of "Tariffs Charged to the USA" percentages
         | (https://x.com/RapidResponse47/status/1907541343250878752) !!
         | 
         | Specifically they used 2024 trade balance figures. Example:
         | take a random country, like Botswana, and the country's page at
         | https://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/balance/c7930.html shows a
         | 2024 trade balance of 104.3 (exports) and 405.1 (imports) so
         | 1-104.3/405.1 = 0.74 which matches the "74%" "tariffs charged
         | to the USA" claimed by Trump...
         | 
         | Rarely you get handed such blatant evidence that someone
         | produced bullshit numbers and/or doesn't understand where the
         | numbers come from !
        
           | mrb wrote:
           | Edit: someone said it doesn't work for Japan but it does.
           | Every country I checked by hand matches the figures
           | exactly... For Japan the figures are from
           | https://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/balance/c5880.html and
           | their 2024 trade balance is: 79,740.8 (exports) and 148,208.6
           | (imports) so 1-79740/148208 = 0.46 which matches the 46%
           | "Tariffs charged to the USA " from the table shown by
           | Trump...
        
         | croes wrote:
         | Some think AI helped with the formula
         | 
         | https://universeodon.com/@cryptadamist/114271484597938775
        
           | mateus1 wrote:
           | The takeaway from the X-poster being "it's good that they're
           | using LLMs" is hilarious. Why praise the method if the end
           | result is so bad?
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | The tariffs might be a bad idea, but this accusation is
           | ridiculous. For a simple methodology like this, it's trivial
           | to prompt engineer a LLM to produce the same response. It
           | doesn't mean that that's how the administration came up with
           | the policy, any more than a LLM getting the same (correct)
           | solution as a student on an assignment means the student used
           | a LLM on that assignment.
        
             | Spivak wrote:
             | I think the accusation carries more weight than you're
             | implying because while correct answers are all similar
             | having two students give eerily similar wrong answers is
             | often used as evidence for cheating.
             | 
             | The fact that this announcement is, to put it generously,
             | _weird_ , and not how anyone in the real world actually
             | implements tariffs points to this administration going with
             | the formula from some undergrad econ textbook or econ blog
             | they found and applying it to a spreadsheet. Maybe they got
             | it from an LLM, maybe they didn't, but what matters is the
             | college sophomore level of consideration of the individual
             | tariffs.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >Maybe they got it from an LLM, maybe they didn't, but
               | what matters is the college sophomore level of
               | consideration of the individual tariffs.
               | 
               | Sounds like we're in agreement? The tariffs are badly
               | thought out, but the "lol they got their policy from
               | LLMs" accusation is entirely spurious.
        
               | jmeyer2k wrote:
               | I really don't think this is _entirely_ spurious
               | considering Elon has been using LLMs to fire government
               | employees. It seems like a very plausible explanation for
               | how they came up with this policy.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >Elon has been using LLMs to fire government employees
               | 
               | Source?
        
               | jmeyer2k wrote:
               | from Mike Johnson, about DOGE's use of algorithms: ""Elon
               | has cracked the code. He is now inside the agencies. He's
               | created these algorithms that are constantly crawling
               | through the data. And as he told me in his office, the
               | data doesn't lie. We're going to be able to get the
               | information."
               | 
               | My speculation, but it's very likely that one of those
               | pieces of analyzed information was the 5 bullet points
               | from each federal employee justifying their job.
               | 
               | https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/live-
               | blog/trum...
               | 
               | https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/doge/federal-workers-
               | agenci...
        
               | Spivak wrote:
               | I think so, but I'm not actually sure that any of the
               | realities that would have lead to this outcome is any
               | less embarrassing for the administration. Because there
               | is real information contained in the fact that pretty
               | much every LLM gives roughly the same answer-- it doesn't
               | help that the wording is similar either. Does it mean
               | that they used an LLM? No not really, but it does
               | strongly imply that their formula and the source for it
               | are the "StackOverflow answer" for lack of a better term.
               | 
               | And while it's not wrong I guess it's also the kind of
               | thing that you would expect to use for your econ homework
               | than a real application of policy. I don't think it's
               | unreasonable to assume that the person who made this
               | spreadsheet really did do something to the effect of type
               | "how to calculate reciprocal tariffs" into Google. And
               | that's not a bad thing necessarily if you're a rando
               | who's just been tasked with figuring that out but you
               | couldn't have found someone with more experience with
               | _actually_ doing this and modeling the economic effects?
               | 
               | I think that it's a testament to the genuinely breakneck
               | speeds they been trying to get policy out there that it's
               | been so slapdash.
        
         | aurareturn wrote:
         | Vietnam: Exports 136.6, Imports 13.1 Deficit = 123.5
         | 
         | Taking Vietnam as an example, keep in mind that the trade
         | deficit calculation only uses physical goods.
         | 
         | Vietnam exports low value physical goods to the US. The US
         | sells high value non-physical services such as Microsoft
         | office, ChatGPT, Netflix, Facebook ads, iOS Appstore fees,
         | iCloud subscriptions, etc to Vietnam. Other services include
         | engineering consultants, US tax auditors, US consulting
         | companies, etc. None of these are factored into the formula.
         | 
         | So a country like Vietnam gets royally screwed by this formula.
         | They are actually buying way more from the US than just the
         | physical goods.
         | 
         | If you're Vietnam, it's very hard to "just take it" as
         | suggested by Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent. The formula is
         | flawed in the first place.
         | 
         | If we truly want fair, the formula should be based on total
         | profit of the goods and services sold. Services have much
         | higher margins than physical goods typically.
        
           | DarkNova6 wrote:
           | This is such an obvious fact and the fact that not more
           | people see through this is insane to me.
           | 
           | The "trade deficit" is an arbitrary number unrepresentative
           | for what the US makes the most money with.
        
           | t_tsonev wrote:
           | That's true for most other places, including the EU. With
           | services included, the trade imbalance is negligible. Source:
           | 
           | https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/qanda_.
           | ..
        
           | snappieT wrote:
           | I am quite certain that none of that software revenue is
           | recognized in the US.
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple%27s_EU_tax_dispute
        
         | TrackerFF wrote:
         | ...and every country USA has a positive trade with, will get
         | slapped with the 10% tariff. Every country on the table Trump
         | posted, that have received the 10% tariff, the US have a
         | positive trade with.
         | 
         | No winners in this one.
        
           | mminer237 wrote:
           | Plenty of countries got excluded from this--Canada, Mexico,
           | Belarus, Russia...
        
             | lcc wrote:
             | Canada and Mexico were already hit with 25% tariffs (on
             | non-USMCA-compliant goods) last month...
             | 
             | Source for original tariffs:
             | https://www.wsj.com/economy/trade/trump-tariffs-canada-
             | mexic...
             | 
             | Source for continued original, but no new tariffs:
             | https://www.wsj.com/livecoverage/trump-tariffs-trade-war-
             | sto...
        
           | bitshiftfaced wrote:
           | Not saying I agree with it, but Trump has communicated that
           | ideally these international companies would build factories
           | in the US. There would be no point in doing that if not for
           | some floor tariff.
        
         | fedeb95 wrote:
         | thanks for the information. In light of this, it seems pretty
         | silly: economy on a world scale isn't a line, it's more like a
         | ring (country A has a deficit with country B, which has a
         | deficit with country ... N which has a deficit with country A)
         | at best. Isn't it like saying everyone should trade everything
         | at the same price with everyone?
        
         | joshdavham wrote:
         | Can anyone else confirm this is true? I'm feeling a bit
         | sceptical here.
        
           | imadethis wrote:
           | Confirmed by the White House here: https://ustr.gov/issue-
           | areas/reciprocal-tariff-calculations.
        
             | joshdavham wrote:
             | Thanks! This is an interesting read.
        
       | anal_reactor wrote:
       | I honestly didn't expect that Americans would simply... choose to
       | be poor.
        
       | mikewarot wrote:
       | As a preview of our future, it's now a good time to review the
       | decline of standard of living that occurred when Great Britain
       | lost the privilege of having the World's reserve currency, the
       | Pound Sterling.
       | 
       | My estimate is we're in for a 75% haircut to our personal
       | standard of living as the US Dollar loses it's place, and we
       | actually have to pay for everything we want in hard currency or
       | real goods. Trump killed the golden Goose, and threw it into a
       | wood chipper.
        
         | lysecret wrote:
         | Yep what many people overlook is that this deficient just means
         | the rest of the world is financing the US overconsumption. And
         | the only reason they are happy to do it is because they are
         | happy to hold USD and are happy to invest in the US economy.
        
       | jameslk wrote:
       | White collar jobs will be destroyed by AI/AGI. But the US
       | workforce consists of a large portion of white collar workers.
       | 
       | To replace the coming destruction of white collar jobs,
       | manufacturing and industry jobs must be brought back, along with
       | new resource collection initiatives (e.g. mining). They will be
       | needed anyhow to build robots, drones, and other machines to
       | compete with China and India, technologically and militarily.
       | 
       | Globalization will be effectively dead, remaining trust in the
       | petrodollar will be destroyed, therefore so will Pax Americana.
       | Expect more wars.
        
         | ianpurton wrote:
         | In your scenario white collar jobs will be destroyed globally.
         | 
         | So effectively you would be paying people to work in
         | manufacturing even though it's no longer necessary.
         | 
         | You may as well pay a basic income instead.
        
         | falcor84 wrote:
         | There have been rapid recent advances in robotics, both
         | classical industrial robotics (advanced by rapid iteration with
         | digital twins and simulation environments like Omniverse), and
         | humanoid robotics (pushed forwards by Boston Dynamics, Figure
         | and a lot of other recent entrants). So if we really do achieve
         | AGI that would take over white collar jobs, manufacturing jobs
         | will likely too be taken over very soon thereafter.
        
       | PeterStuer wrote:
       | Maybe if the US would clean up their production to what people
       | actually want to buy it would help.
       | 
       | EU does not just randomly target US products. No EU company would
       | be allowed to sell food with the same processes (GMO, prohibited
       | additives, medication traces, ...)
       | 
       | The US is just running into these restrictions more than others
       | because of their (lack of) health and safety standards being at
       | odds with other markets.
       | 
       | So, if the tarrifs lead to the world actually being able to buy
       | something produced in the US with the dollars they were forced to
       | accept, something real besides war equipment and (stale) IP bits,
       | the problem would sort itself.
       | 
       | At least the EU has discovered 'sovereignty', after ignoring it
       | to the hilt for the last 55 years. Ringing up the concept even a
       | year ago was at best met with a shrug and more often with a
       | 'conspiracy theory' label. Sadly I don't even think they mean it,
       | but I would be pleasantly surprised.
        
       | glimshe wrote:
       | If we could manage the country using HN experts, we'd be
       | incredibly prosperous. People here know so much more than the
       | actual professionals in the government.
       | 
       | Only a few people pointed out the obvious. Trump aims to bring
       | everyone to table to renegotiate global commerce. Every country's
       | economic strategy today is to have positive trade with the US and
       | that is unsustainable.
       | 
       | A risky tactic, but refreshing after decades of the old tired
       | policies that brought us the collapse of parts of US
       | manufacturing and so much pain during COVID due to a complete
       | dependence on foreign suppliers for... Well, everything.
       | 
       | I don't know if this will work. But I know what we had before
       | wasn't working. We'll see.
        
         | akmarinov wrote:
         | The pot calling the kettle black...
        
         | omnimus wrote:
         | Why exactly wasn't it working for US? The country with most
         | wealth by like every measure? It's not enough?
        
           | jiggawatts wrote:
           | This is the most mind-blowing thing to me: a bunch of multi-
           | hundred-billionaries all standing beside a billionaire that
           | shits in a gold toilet and is in charge of the richest
           | country on Earth angrily proclaiming that _" Everyone is
           | taking advantage of us!"_
        
             | scns wrote:
             | Seeing yourself as a victim makes it easy to justify your
             | actions.
        
           | paxys wrote:
           | Well they were only getting one golden egg a day. If they cut
           | the goose open they could get _all_ the eggs in one go.
        
         | cbg0 wrote:
         | > Trump aims to bring everyone to table to renegotiate global
         | commerce.
         | 
         | Throwing the gauntlet in the dirt isn't how you achieve this
         | type of diplomacy, as the world will just form new economical
         | alliances with more predictable trade partners instead of
         | wasting time trying to appease Donald Trump.
         | 
         | > A risky tactic, but refreshing after decades of the old tired
         | policies that brought us the collapse of parts of US
         | manufacturing and so much pain during COVID due to a complete
         | dependence on foreign suppliers for... Well, everything.
         | 
         | By "policies" do you mean US corporations trying to make as
         | much profit as possible by moving manufacturing to cheaper
         | countries?
         | 
         | The result of tariffs, even if manufacturing for some products
         | moves back to the US, will be higher prices for consumers even
         | in the long run as you cannot produce things as cheaply as
         | other countries. In a country where wages have not kept up with
         | inflation the economic pain will keep mounting.
         | 
         | > I don't know if this will work. But I know what we had before
         | wasn't working. We'll see.
         | 
         | Coupled with:
         | 
         | > People here know so much more than the actual professionals
         | in the government.
         | 
         | Is funny to read; If you had those actual professionals in the
         | government, they would be able to show you some serious
         | predictions about how these moves will improve the economy and
         | when you can expect the "golden age" to show up.
        
       | Taniwha wrote:
       | So what's going to happen is:
       | 
       | - each country will impose equivalent taxes on the import of US
       | goods - this is not only expected, but the norm under
       | international trade law. - with the rest of the world, still
       | having free trade agreements between them, will start trading
       | around the US, the US won't be able to compete
       | 
       | The value of the US$ will likely drop by the value of the
       | tariffs. If everyone starts trading around the US we'll probably
       | lose the US$ as a standard currency to trade in, maybe switching
       | to yuan or euros, the US$ is buoyed by it being the currency
       | everyone uses, that's going to drive it even lower.
        
         | jbverschoor wrote:
         | That's precisely the point right? Devalue the dollar when so
         | you can pay off your debt with a higher value asset.
         | 
         | If the US$ drop 30%, the deficit magically dropped 30% when
         | calculated in something else....
        
           | blatantly wrote:
           | Which is like burning all the houses (including your own) so
           | you can use your houses to buy other people's houses cheap.
           | 
           | This only works if you have superior manufacturing infra. To
           | some extent the FAANGs export tech. But if FAANG is a tiny
           | thing compared to say Toyota.
        
             | jbverschoor wrote:
             | "Pay with digital dollar, and you don't have to pay
             | tarifs". Problem solved. Demand for digital dollar will
             | grow, but can also be used for normal dollar transactions.
             | Therefore the USD will devalue, and gone is the national
             | debt.
             | 
             | /s/digital dollar/bitcoin or trump coins or doge coins
        
               | blatantly wrote:
               | This make no sense. Tariffs are paid by the supplier who
               | is receiving money from the US customer. Are you saying
               | if they pay the tariff in doge coins the tariff is zero
               | doge coins?
               | 
               | As for other polices that "punish USD" "reward
               | MagicCoins" ... well the market would hopefully see both
               | currencies as crap and use Euros or Yuan. Or maybe new
               | currency baskets will emerge to decentralise power.
        
               | jbverschoor wrote:
               | No.. the tariffs are paid by the US importer/distributor
               | (Target, Walmart) who is buying from the foreign supplier
               | (Fererro from Nutella). The importer/distributor will
               | charge the extra + margin to the US consumer. The
               | supplier in the EU or China will pay exactly 0
               | buckazoids.
               | 
               | So basically in the US, Nutella will become only a luxury
               | food!
               | 
               | My point about creating a new currency is that I wouldn't
               | be surprised if they would allow certain transactions to
               | bypass some regulations.
               | 
               | You know the US already pulled a trick on the dollar
               | about 50 years ago, right?
        
             | praptak wrote:
             | > To some extent the FAANGs export tech.
             | 
             | Speaking of FAANG - EU has been considering proper taxes on
             | the digital economy for some time already[0]. I guess this
             | will speed up the works on this.
             | 
             | [0]https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/policies/digital-
             | taxation...
        
           | knowaveragejoe wrote:
           | That's like burning your house down to cook a steak.
        
             | jbverschoor wrote:
             | Perhaps.. mr Oompa Loompa might as well go out with a bang.
        
         | failuser wrote:
         | Not just goods, US tech sector will be taxed and tariffed into
         | non-existence.
        
         | MaxHoppersGhost wrote:
         | >each country will impose equivalent taxes on the import of US
         | goods
         | 
         | Many of these countries already have tariffs on U.S. goods. The
         | EU has a 25% tariff on US agricultural, chemical, and some
         | manufactured products.
        
       | ryzvonusef wrote:
       | When americans are angry, they tend to spread that frustration
       | with a shovel on everyone.
       | 
       | My country as been hot by 29% tariffs.. I can't say what we did
       | to upset americans, given that we do not compete with any
       | american industry in any substantial way, bu we are bearing the
       | wrath of the wounded american blue collar worker regardless.
       | 
       | I wonder what the net effect of tariffs will be in an year,
       | americans are so used to cheap imports, especially all those
       | shien/aliexpress/temu stuff.
        
         | ookdatnog wrote:
         | In the culture of the contemporary American right, cruelty is a
         | sign of strength and mercy (or even just empathy) is seen as
         | weakness.
        
           | sirbutters wrote:
           | bingo.
        
         | 93po wrote:
         | That's a human trait and not really an American one, though I
         | am definitely not an apologist for American-specific problems
        
         | rcstank wrote:
         | Pakistan has 58% tariffs on the US.
        
           | tacticalturtle wrote:
           | That's using the bizarre trade deficit/total imports formula
           | put forward by the administration.
           | 
           | I'm curious what Pakistan actually imposes on US imports as a
           | policy.
        
           | knowaveragejoe wrote:
           | No, they don't.
        
         | crazygringo wrote:
         | Your country didn't do anything. America is being run by a
         | madman, quite simply. This isn't reflective of Americans
         | broadly. The people who voted for Trump wanted cheaper prices,
         | now Trump is making everything more expensive.
         | 
         | The next month is going to be very interesting. The business
         | community is going to put huge pressure on Republican
         | representatives to undo this, and Trump's own supporters will
         | revolt once they see the new prices reflected at Wal-Mart.
         | 
         | I don't know how it's going to play out, but this isn't the
         | end. It's just the beginning.
        
           | stirlo wrote:
           | I wouldn't count out Trump sending out "tariff profit" checks
           | (with his face of course) to all Americans. If he gives
           | everyone a $2000-5000 check (undoubably paid for by
           | borrowings not real tariff income) then he'll get a pass for
           | at least a few months.
        
       | daco wrote:
       | how long before we start seing this reflecting in prices?
        
       | ezoe wrote:
       | Most goods in US directly or indirectly relies on importing. So
       | practically, I think it just mean US introduced VAT.
        
         | blatantly wrote:
         | Not quite the same.
         | 
         | An item sold for $1000 say would pay $100 at 10% VAT. The items
         | in the supply chain all charge VAT and reclaim VAT they spent.
         | I think usually this terminates at the import (maybe?)
        
         | Mengkudulangsat wrote:
         | Well, when you put it that way... it doesn't seem that bad at
         | all.
         | 
         | Maybe the real innovation here is the political manouvering of
         | coming up with a new, desperately-needed government revenue
         | stream.
        
         | Palmik wrote:
         | Except VAT and Sales Tax is typically applied regardless of
         | where the item / service originated from.
         | 
         | It also doesn't apply potentially several layers down.
         | 
         | That's not to mention things like reverse charge for B2B etc.
         | 
         | In other words, not similar at all!
        
         | dguest wrote:
         | Except it seems like the president has more control over
         | tariffs.
         | 
         | Taxes are approved by congress, so this was surprising to me.
         | Does the president essentially has full reign to tariff whoever
         | they want (for whatever reason) until the end of their term?
         | 
         | Maybe this is less about economic independence and more about
         | grabbing whatever power is within reach. If domestic taxes were
         | up to the president and tariffs were up to congress, would we
         | see exactly the same situation with domestic taxes?
        
       | 55555 wrote:
       | Factories are not coming back to the USA in large number, for a
       | lot of reasons, at least not until full automation + tariffs
       | makes them economical. But the biggest reason is that what's
       | going to happen is that the average joe is going to suffer a bit,
       | then will vote against these policies in the next election, and
       | that's only 3.5 years away. If it takes a year to build a factory
       | -- and frankly these tariffs could be adjusted again or removed
       | in a few months -- and then they're likely to be fully removed in
       | 3.5 years, I'm just not sure it makes sense to invest in a
       | factory.
        
         | aetimmes wrote:
         | Optimistic to assume that the US will have voting in 3.5 years.
        
           | c-linkage wrote:
           | My suspicion is that Trump will declare a national emergency
           | and suspend elections at the mid-term if it looks like the
           | Republicans will lose seats in the House.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | I doubt enough people would stand for that. He might try,
             | similar to how South Korea tried a similar trick last year
             | - it didn't stick.
        
               | Bhilai wrote:
               | The government is already actively ignoring federal
               | courts. Who is going to stop them?
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | The army isn't likely to stand for this
        
         | Loughla wrote:
         | Want to bet that Trump's argument for a third term hinges on
         | the US being in a recession/depression and needing him to see
         | the economy through the struggles?
        
       | kybernetyk wrote:
       | So has anyone an idea how those tariffs would affect software
       | sales? Say I'm a German guy selling a license for my software to
       | someone in the US. Will this fall under tariffs, too. Or are
       | software licenses somehow exempt? Asking for a friend(me).
        
         | comrade1234 wrote:
         | It won't unless you're shipping an item to the USA.
         | 
         | I think the eu should look into taxes on u.s. services, instead
         | of tariffs on products. Taxing AWS/Azure/etc +25% would do a
         | lot in getting similar services in the eu expanded.
        
         | lysecret wrote:
         | My opinion. (Also as a German guy doing a similar thing).
         | 
         | On the first order no. The tariffs just announced are only on
         | goods and are collected at the ports when you physically import
         | them.
         | 
         | On the second and third order. What I think will happen is that
         | the EU will mostly retaliate against US services. And then
         | trump might counter retaliate against EU services. So I would
         | start looking for customers outside the US.
        
       | wtcactus wrote:
       | I have a doubt for some years about the US, but never really got
       | good info on it (maybe because it's a silly doubt).
       | 
       | So, when I sell something to the USA (on eBay) for instance. It
       | doesn't pay VAT automatically. Do Americans pay VAT when it's
       | delivered?
       | 
       | But, when an American buys something locally, they do pay VAT,
       | correctly?
        
         | stevenwoo wrote:
         | We used to not pay anything for stuff, for instance I bought
         | items that were dropped shipped from China under a certain
         | value but that has ended.
         | https://www.wsj.com/livecoverage/trump-tariffs-trade-war-sto...
         | Sales taxes are on a state by state basis and online companies
         | are required to collect it from the buyer and forward/report it
         | to the state. Local purchases all have sales tax paid to state
         | governments, some to city in urban areas. Some food items are
         | exempt. A state can choose to not have a sales tax but most do
         | IIRC. There is no federal sales tax. Until these tariffs which
         | are essentially taxes.
        
       | wg0 wrote:
       | Real problem is budget deficit not trade deficit. Trade deficit
       | matters to countries who can't control the supply of dollar.
       | 
       | The country that prints dollars doesn't have this to worry about.
       | 
       | Main problem is budget deficit and the huge pile of debt.
        
       | hayst4ck wrote:
       | The golden prize for America's enemies is to remove the US dollar
       | as a global reserve currency.
       | 
       | Since trade is conducted largely in USD, that means other
       | governments must purchase USD to trade. This is the core of trade
       | deficits. Foreign countries buy US dollars so they can trade with
       | other people. That guarantees the deficit since they give us
       | something in exchange for USD, which they do not then spend on
       | goods we make.
       | 
       | If you no longer want the trade deficit that means payments of
       | fealty by those who trade in dollars, which countries aren't
       | likely to tolerate, or abandoning the USD as a global reserve
       | currency, which would be _disastrous_ , truly disastrous. Our
       | debts would suddenly become existential because inflating our
       | currency to pay for them could result in functionally not being
       | able to import goods required to run our economy. I don't think
       | many truly understand just how disastrous it will be.
       | 
       | This isn't America's liberation day. This is Russia's and China's
       | liberation day. While America was once able to check their power,
       | America is no longer in a position to do so, we will barely be in
       | a position to satisfy our own military's logistics requirements.
       | 
       | This is a decapitation strike (Timothy Snyder: Decapitation
       | Strike -- https://archive.is/1xkxK) on America by our enemies. It
       | is not only a de facto soft blockade of American trade, but it is
       | an attack on the mechanics of American hegemony. Politicians
       | already ask for money instead of votes or actions. That means if
       | foreign governments spend money, they can elect their preferred
       | candidates. America's own government was a result of french
       | support. We institute regime change in other counties, and I see
       | no reason to believe we are immune.
       | 
       | If trade stops occurring in US Dollar, which is a consequence of
       | the stated goal of our current ruling regime, that would be the
       | coup de grace on this country's hegemony. It is the definitive
       | end to it, and the birth of Chinese hegemony.
       | 
       | Ray Dalio's _Principles for Dealing with the Changing World
       | Order_ feels prescient:
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xguam0TKMw8
        
         | cromka wrote:
         | A big, resounding AMEN.
        
           | SlightlyLeftPad wrote:
           | Something tells me that both China and Russia know all this
           | and yet, the US administration is completely blind to it or
           | are naively playing into their hands.
        
             | elliotec wrote:
             | Some say it's quite deliberate.
        
             | rschiavone wrote:
             | Naively? They are actively acting in bad faith to destroy
             | the US from within
        
               | ookdatnog wrote:
               | I'm convinced Trump is 100% sincere in his belief that
               | his economic ideas are brilliant and will lead the US to
               | a golden age.
               | 
               | I think his (and much of the far right's) mind is
               | characterized by:
               | 
               | - a deep incuriosity and unwillingness to learn about the
               | world
               | 
               | - extreme overconfidence in his own judgment
               | 
               | - an understanding of the world as being pervasively
               | zero-sum (shared with Putin); your loss = his win
               | 
               | - obsessive preoccupation with the dynamics of
               | humiliation: he feels an extreme need to be perceived as
               | strong and to humiliate his enemies, and he greatly fears
               | being humiliated
               | 
               | I feel like these characteristics explain most of his
               | policy. The idea of tariffs arises from his zero-sum
               | mindset: the only way to gain is by making someone else
               | lose. This is of course factually wrong, but he's too
               | incurious to learn from history or economics. And, of
               | course, he's massively overconfident, so the thought that
               | someone else could know better does not occur to him. And
               | once the ball is rolling, his fear of humiliation will
               | ensure that he has to stay the course. His perceived
               | enemies (which is everyone) have to come crawling to his
               | throne, begging to have their tariffs reduced while
               | praising his brilliant policies, and then he might
               | consider it. So if that doesn't happen, his only options
               | are (a) perpetually retaliating with ever-increasing
               | tariffs, disregarding the consequences entirely; or (b)
               | capitulating in the trade war (lowering or abolishing
               | tariffs) while not admitting that it's a capitulation
               | ("don't worry, my brilliant policy fixed the mass influx
               | of fentanyl and illegal immigrants from Canada, so now we
               | can drop the tariffs on Sri Lanka" or something similarly
               | incoherent).
        
               | tim333 wrote:
               | I agree. Also a lot of Trump's eccentricities would seem
               | to come from Peale and Positive Thinking
               | https://www.cnbc.com/2020/07/10/how-self-help-author-
               | norman-...
               | 
               | That basically pushed the belief that if you believe
               | something enough the universe will make it so, such as 'I
               | won in 2020'.
        
               | soulofmischief wrote:
               | What this analysis is missing is Project 2025. The
               | Heritage Foundation and a hundred other conservative
               | thinktanks, as well as half of Congress are all in on a
               | singular plan to transform America into a backwater shit
               | hole. Trump might earnestly believe these things, but he
               | is not the source of most of his ideas. They are spoonfed
               | to him.
        
               | ookdatnog wrote:
               | I agree that Project 2025 broadly sets the agenda, but
               | when it comes to tariffs specifically, I'm under the
               | impression that Trump is singularly obsessed with them
               | and the conservative think tanks are, even if they're
               | pro-tariff, uneasy with how far he's going with it.
        
               | soulofmischief wrote:
               | Ha. Good point. It's analogous to summoning a demon,
               | isn't it. They thought they could control it.
        
               | 52-6F-62 wrote:
               | Don't forget Curtis Yarvin and his band of billionaire
               | Silicon Valley VC adherents.
               | 
               | People are arguing about the economic rationale here and
               | forgetting the philosophical.
               | 
               | They've broadcast a desire to send as much of the world
               | to a new "dark age" as possible so they can sweep in and
               | "save it", reforming it as they desire. Vis a vis
               | Prospero
        
               | cedws wrote:
               | He's a spoilt brat who's never been told no. That's all
               | it is. He grew up rich. He's never had to develop himself
               | or face adversity. He's even been able to fail, over and
               | over again, and still come out on top.
        
               | ookdatnog wrote:
               | That only explains part of his behavior. Something
               | peculiar to Trump's mindset is the pervasiveness of zero-
               | sum thinking. There is nothing about growing up spoiled
               | that necessarily creates this mindset; in fact I'd expect
               | the opposite (by which I mean, I wouldn't expect people
               | who are never forcibly confronted with scarcity and zero-
               | sum competition, to be obsessed by scarcity and zero-sum
               | competition).
        
               | cedws wrote:
               | That may be true, but I'd argue that's just plain
               | stupidity. Animals and toddlers exhibit similar behaviour
               | - not understanding that collaboration and sharing can
               | lead to overall better outcomes.
               | 
               | Due to lack of adversity, his theories have never been
               | tested, only reinforced. He thinks he's been flying the
               | plane his whole life when really it's been on autopilot.
        
               | ookdatnog wrote:
               | Stupidity is a necessary but not a sufficient condition
               | for believing in Trump's particular delusions. You can be
               | stupid and not delude yourself into thinking that others
               | must lose for you to win.
        
               | SlightlyLeftPad wrote:
               | You're describing a similar real life version of Kendall
               | Roy but, remarkably, with even less adversity.
        
             | prisenco wrote:
             | There are those in the States who want to devalue the
             | dollar as a pathway to greater industrialization and
             | domestic productive capacity. The idea is to make the US
             | labor force competitive with the rest of the world.
             | 
             | Problem is, reigning in wages for labor after decades of
             | encouraging rampant consumerism _and_ being in the middle
             | of a cost-of-living crisis especially for housing seems
             | like a political earthquake in the making.
             | 
             | Like many of Trump's ideas, _maybe_ they could work if
             | carefully managed over a long period of time so as to give
             | the economy time to readjust but these are not careful
             | managers and patience is not their virtue.
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | > There are those in the States who want to devalue the
               | dollar as a pathway to greater industrialization and
               | domestic productive capacity. The idea is to make the US
               | labor force competitive with the rest of the world.
               | 
               | > Problem is, reigning in wages for labor after decades
               | of encouraging rampant consumerism and being in the
               | middle of a cost-of-living crisis especially for housing
               | seems like a political earthquake in the making.
               | 
               | My guess those people are fine with basically converting
               | most of the American labor force into indentured servants
               | but normally politicians wouldn't go for it. Trump
               | probably assumes he is immune to any reaction, let's see.
        
               | SlightlyLeftPad wrote:
               | I've mentioned this on HN before and I agree. Going
               | backwards will not result in the US going upwards, doing
               | the things that made the US successful until are not the
               | same things that will make the US successful in the
               | future.
               | 
               | Many factory blue collar jobs left the US two decades ago
               | and most of those aren't coming back yet somehow Trump is
               | infatuated with this idea too.
        
             | 4ndrewl wrote:
             | He. Was. Literally. Spewing. Russian. Propaganda. From.
             | The. Whitehouse. When. Zelenskyy. Visited.
        
               | 4ndrewl wrote:
               | Also there's no tariffs on the billions of $ imports from
               | Russia. Funny that.
        
             | atoav wrote:
             | I have a hard time telling this alleged incompetence apart
             | from actual malice.
        
             | switch007 wrote:
             | Hehe silly stupid Trump and all his cronies being so naive
             | and silly ! Do we already forgive him?
        
         | cjrp wrote:
         | > This is Russia's and China's liberation day
         | 
         | With the tariffs in Asia (Vietnam: 46%, Thailand: 36%,
         | Cambodia: 49%) it feels like a good opportunity for China to
         | increase their trade/influence in the region as well.
        
           | hliyan wrote:
           | Sri Lankan here. They just slapped 44% on us (higher than on
           | China). The country is just trying to recover from the
           | economic crisis and the sovereign debt default of 2022, so we
           | have very high import duties on certain items (e.g. vehicles)
           | to discourage dollar outflow. Looks like the US just saw that
           | as hostile and decided to strike back.
        
             | re-thc wrote:
             | > They just slapped 44% on us (higher than on China).
             | 
             | Not true, China's is on top of its existing tariffs.
        
               | lom wrote:
               | So 53% on China in total, because the previous rate was
               | 20%
        
               | wkat4242 wrote:
               | The strange thing I find is that Trump is not going after
               | the companies who were the ones that decided to move
               | production to China in the first place.
        
             | Danmctree wrote:
             | The numbers appear to be based on the trade deficit alone,
             | not on any differences in import duties etc.
        
               | throwaway2037 wrote:
               | That is correct. It was empircally proven here: https://w
               | ww.ft.com/content/c4f9c7f6-0753-4458-840e-bcde1b74a...
               | 
               | To quote Alex Scaggs of FT:                   Take the
               | US's goods trade deficit with any particular country, and
               | divide it by the total amount of goods imported from that
               | country. Cut that percentage in half, and there's the
               | US's "reciprocal" tariff rate.
               | 
               | All countries tested against this theory are correct
               | within 1-2 percent.
        
               | credit_guy wrote:
               | This is interesting. I don't know the details of Trump's
               | tariff policy, but if this is correct, it would follow
               | that the policy should have some mechanism to reduce the
               | tariffs as the trade imbalance is reduced.
        
               | brookst wrote:
               | Not sure why? It's an irrational policy not based on any
               | kind of sense. I don't think I'd expect it to be
               | logically consistent. Besides, what do you do with a
               | country where US is a net exporter? Provide subsidies for
               | imports?
               | 
               | It's all drunk monkeys driving a train... there is no
               | economic theory to expect consistency from.
        
               | libertine wrote:
               | Unless they think that because it came out of an Excel
               | formula, there's a logic behind it - and honestly, I
               | wouldn't be shocked if these folks have that insight.
               | 
               | > Besides, what do you do with a country where US is a
               | net exporter? Provide subsidies for imports?
               | 
               | In this instance, I believe the thought pattern is:
               | "we're being smart here".
        
               | jkestner wrote:
               | They're even adding Greek letters, very intelligent.
               | https://x.com/Brendan_Duke/status/1907741651172311353
        
               | libertine wrote:
               | I'll be damned, I had no idea and I still got it right.
               | 
               | Once people accept that this administration is very much
               | like the Russian regime, where everyone is the type of
               | person playing to an aesthetic, you see this stuff coming
               | miles away.
               | 
               | This is what these sorts of people would do.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | It's not "irrational." It's crude, but it's based on a
               | logic that, on average, trade deficits should generally
               | reduce to zero. And I strongly suspect this is about our
               | large, diversified trade partners (EU, China) and is
               | simply being imposed across the board for appearances.
        
               | brookst wrote:
               | There is no "logic" that any two country pairs should
               | have an equal trade balance.
               | 
               | "Belief" or "dogma" or even "idea" would work, but
               | there's no logic in that claim.
               | 
               | There's not even a policy goal. If the intent is to
               | convert the US from a net importer to neutral or even a
               | net exporter, it means our cost of production needs to be
               | about average. Which means our populace's quality of life
               | needs to be about average; wealthy countries are more
               | expensive to produce in. Mix in the supposed interest in
               | economic and social liberty, and you've got a country
               | trying to destroy its own wealth in the name of
               | controlling what its freedom-loving citizens buy
               | 
               | There is no logic here. It's drunk monkeys all the way
               | down.
        
               | amluto wrote:
               | Imagine the classical triangular trade. Three countries
               | can have entirely balanced trade, yet each country has a
               | 100% trade deficit with another country. Everyone
               | benefits, and no one runs a trade deficit. Throw a huge
               | tariff in and a country's trade, imports and exports,
               | will collapse.
        
               | oa335 wrote:
               | > a logic that, on average, trade deficits should
               | generally reduce to zero.
               | 
               | 1. Why do you believe this is true?
               | 
               | 2. Why do you believe that 0 trade deficits are a good
               | thing?
        
               | jimmySixDOF wrote:
               | Now somebody factor in Services and rerun the numbers.
        
               | floydnoel wrote:
               | you can just read the methodology where they published it
               | here: https://ustr.gov/issue-areas/reciprocal-tariff-
               | calculations
        
               | matt-p wrote:
               | You're right I think it's MAX(10%,(imports-
               | exports)/imports) as a general tariff plus targeted
               | reciprocal (in some cases, not all)
        
             | blacklion wrote:
             | It does nothing with "hostile". For China, yes, but for
             | most other countries tariff is simply ($USA-import - $USA-
             | export)/$USA-import. That simply, numbers are check for
             | many many countries. I'm sure, USA imports a lot of tea
             | from Sri Lanka and some fruits and wood/furniture.
             | 
             | (Freshly made Sri Lankian tea is the best, IMHO! I mean,
             | proper tea, not all these grasses, berries and synthetic
             | aromas which are named "tea" in modern western world).
        
               | JKCalhoun wrote:
               | I would have assumed it was Sri Lankan textiles that were
               | a major cause of the tariffs.
        
               | mycatisblack wrote:
               | Any recommendations for tea brands/products?
        
               | blacklion wrote:
               | Unfortunately, no, as I've changed country of living year
               | ago and still can not find way to good tea in new place.
               | Also, I'm not sure, that recommendations from Europe is
               | actual for you even if I have one.
               | 
               | But really best "black" tea of my life (and I spent most
               | of my life in country with strong tea culture, where
               | loose tea and teapots are still very popular, and not, it
               | is not UK!) was bough at random tea factory in the middle
               | of nowhere in Sri Lanka, packed in simple 1kg vacuum
               | bags. No brand, no name, only date of picking (two days
               | ago) and packing (today at the day of bought) :-)
        
               | griffzhowl wrote:
               | Ahmad Ceylon Tea is a good strong black tea. They mainly
               | trade in Middle Eastern markets I think so check
               | Arab/Indian grocery shops
        
               | hliyan wrote:
               | As a local, the brand called Dilmah is just a regular
               | supermarket brand for us, but I hear it's quite popular
               | in places like Australia and New Zealand.
        
             | bandrami wrote:
             | (waves from across Lake Beira)
             | 
             | It's mind-boggling because the US has been trying very
             | _very_ hard to pull Sri Lanka away from China for a decade
             | now
        
               | testplzignore wrote:
               | I would be surprised if the current US administration
               | even knows where Sri Lanka is, let alone our pre-Trump
               | foreign policy with them.
        
           | chris_wot wrote:
           | Not to mention 29% tariffs on Norfolk Island. Who hasn't
           | exported anything to the U.S. in years.
           | 
           | And a 10% tariff on the Macdonald Islands, which has a
           | population of zero (not including the penguins).
           | 
           | Perhaps Trump thought he was taxing a fast food competitor?
           | 
           | Fun fact: these are all internal territories of Australia.
           | Why they get separate tariffs is weird.
        
             | re-thc wrote:
             | > Not to mention 29% tariffs on Norfolk Island. Who hasn't
             | exported anything to the U.S. in years.
             | 
             | Should have set that to 99% then eh?
        
               | vincnetas wrote:
               | Well, you know, you can go even higher, you don't have to
               | stop at 100% :) Infinity is the limit here ;D
        
               | wvh wrote:
               | Tax the 99% seems pretty accurate.
        
               | sidewndr46 wrote:
               | It's a tariff, it could be infinity percent
        
             | himinlomax wrote:
             | 10% on British Indian Ocean Territories, whose sole
             | inhabitants are US soldiers at the Diego Garcia base.
        
               | dathinab wrote:
               | It's what you get if you let people which don't know what
               | they are doing make decision about things they don't
               | really understand without being open for consulting
               | because they know better using only oversimplified
               | statistics which often don't tell even half the story.
               | 
               | Or at lest it looks a lot like this, honestly from its
               | patterns it looks a lot like the decision making done at
               | a previous employee where someone who was expert in one
               | field got a lot of decision power and decided they now
               | know better in every field and dear anyone says
               | otherwise.
        
               | Ray20 wrote:
               | Isn't this just common sense? I mean, if there are no
               | people/production/imports in a certain territory, it
               | doesn't mean that all of this won't appear there
               | literally tomorrow, especially when tariffs on goods from
               | these territories are zero.
        
               | brookst wrote:
               | If that's the thinking, they forgot Antarctica, the
               | Marianas trench, and the Moon. Someone could,
               | theoretically, take advantage of the lack of tariffs.
               | 
               | I'm all for being charitable but at some point Occam's
               | razor says it's just ChatGPT mistakenly including these
               | places.
        
               | seszett wrote:
               | That doesn't seem likely, because they separately listed
               | parts of France that are wholly in the EU (Martinique,
               | Guadeloupe, Reunion and French Guiana, separate tariffs
               | there are as meaningless as having separate tariffs for
               | Berlin and Munich) but they also did not list those that
               | are NOT part of the EU ( _EDIT_ one list I found does
               | list French Polynesia, but not New Caledonia[0]) even
               | though they are the ones where a separate rate would make
               | the  "most" sense (if any of this makes sense anyway).
               | 
               | There _is_ trade today between New Caledonia, or French
               | Polynesia, and the US. They are probably going to be
               | tariffed at the rate for France, which is probably going
               | to be the one for the EU, but who knows, neither New
               | Caledonia nor France itself are listed.
               | 
               | It is really apparent that there is no understanding
               | behind this half-assed list.
               | 
               | [0]https://www.forbes.com/sites/mollybohannon/2025/04/02/
               | heres-...
        
               | wkat4242 wrote:
               | If there are no people there is no government to trade
               | with, no customs, no regulations.
               | 
               | It takes a lot longer to set all of that up than it takes
               | for Trump to just raise another tariff if that happens.
               | So nobody would invest in that. It would only be a
               | loophole for a week or so.
               | 
               | So why bother doing this pre-emptively (even if that was
               | the reason)?
        
               | kragen wrote:
               | Where is this list posted by the US Government? These
               | countries aren't in Annex I of the Executive Order.
        
               | ourmandave wrote:
               | It's like they pulled a list "All Countries the US Trades
               | With" off wikipedia and used that.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_the_largest_trading
               | _pa...
               | 
               | Same clowns who made blanket cuts to every Federal dept
               | and then had to walk a bunch of them back. There's no
               | nuance or forethought, or realization of the long term
               | damage they're doing.
        
               | jeltz wrote:
               | Very likely that is literally what they did.
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | Strictly speaking it also includes some British military
               | and contract staff from other countries (cleaning,
               | landscaping etc, whatever they need).
        
               | wkat4242 wrote:
               | It has British in the name of course. Gotta tariff those
               | leeches. /s
        
             | benterix wrote:
             | Seems like a business opportunity to set up an import
             | company on the Macdonald Islands and sell the goods to the
             | poor folks in Norfolk Island.
        
             | rob74 wrote:
             | > _these are all internal territories of Australia. Why
             | they get separate tariffs is weird._
             | 
             | Probably because they had separate entries in a "list of
             | countries" which they picked as a base for their list? I
             | don't really think there was more thought put into that,
             | especially not for the countries who "only" got the
             | "baseline" tariff of 10%. Interestingly though, Russia
             | seems to have been completely left out, while Ukraine gets
             | 10%.
        
               | ourmandave wrote:
               | _, while Ukraine gets 10%._
               | 
               | The Orange Emperor has a huge hard on to make Ukraine
               | suffer ever since it led to his first impeachment.
               | Zelenski didn't kiss the ring so down they go.
        
               | matt-p wrote:
               | 10% is the hard minimum, nobody has less than 10%, so
               | ergo 10% is actually the _most favourable rate_.
               | 
               | Even the UK gets 10% which is truly mad given we have
               | balanced trade and tarrifs (if anything the US tariffed
               | the UK more than they did them).
               | 
               | ^So essentially MAX(10%,(imports-exports)/imports)
        
               | rob74 wrote:
               | If you look at the full list (available e.g. here
               | https://www.newsweek.com/trump-reciprocal-tariff-
               | chart-20545...), some countries (most prominently Russia)
               | are not on it. Whether that means anything is debatable,
               | but Mexico and Canada, who were explicitly "spared" from
               | these tariffs (but have other tariffs "tailor-made"
               | especially for them), are also not on the list.
        
               | matt-p wrote:
               | Russia is a interesting catch, but you can easily imagine
               | why now is an inoptune time to piss them off.
               | 
               | The others make sense since they have worse tarrifs
               | (though different, yes)
        
               | graemep wrote:
               | Russia is already subject to sanctions and high tariffs.
               | What is the balance of trade like?
               | 
               | Also imposing high tariffs now would reduce the power of
               | the threat to raise tarrifs: https://www.ft.com/content/e
               | c99b3c2-9f4d-4f34-9a01-f97d98131...
        
               | eagleislandsong wrote:
               | > Russia is already subject to sanctions
               | 
               | So is Iran, and yet Iran is still on the list.
        
               | Brybry wrote:
               | Is it possible the Newsweek list is wrong?
               | 
               | The EO and Annexes are not on the Federal Register
               | website yet but on the Whitehouse website it has EO[1]
               | and Annex I[2] and Annex II[3].
               | 
               | I do not see Russia or Ukraine mentioned in any of those
               | so I would assume both get the base "10 percent" under
               | section 2/3.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-
               | actions/2025/04/regu...
               | 
               | [2] https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-
               | content/uploads/2025/04/Annex-...
               | 
               | [3] https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-
               | content/uploads/2025/04/Annex-...
        
               | marcosdumay wrote:
               | Well, the reasonable explanation would be that Russia is
               | sanctioned and thus already has an infinity effective
               | tariff.
               | 
               | But then, I have no idea if the reasonable explanation
               | applies. Are the other countries not in the list Iran and
               | Cuba?
        
               | chris_wot wrote:
               | Then that list is wildly inaccurate. Norfolk Island
               | hasn't been an external territory of Australia for some
               | time (about a decade) - it is literally part of the
               | Australian Capital Territory and they vote in the
               | electorate of Bean.
               | 
               | The Trump admin couldn't arrange a pissup in a brewery.
        
               | kruador wrote:
               | I've seen a suggestion that they're using ccTLDs.
               | 
               | Which might explain why the British Indian Ocean
               | Territory - population, one US military base - has such a
               | high tariff. The BIOT, aka Diego Garcia, has the ccTLD
               | .io.
        
               | lostmsu wrote:
               | In that case, where is the tariff rate for USSR (.su)?
        
             | rob74 wrote:
             | According to the Guardian (https://www.theguardian.com/us-
             | news/2025/apr/03/donald-trump...):
             | 
             | > _Despite this, according to export data from the World
             | Bank, the US imported US$1.4m (A$2.23m) of products from
             | Heard Island and McDonald Islands in 2022, nearly all of
             | which was "machinery and electrical" imports. It was not
             | immediately clear what those goods were.
             | 
             | In the five years prior, imports from Heard Island and
             | McDonald Islands ranged from US$15,000 (A$24,000) to
             | US$325,000 (A$518,000) per year._
             | 
             | Maybe someone has accidentally uncovered some kind of tax
             | evasion scheme here?
        
               | matt-p wrote:
               | Bizarre, tax/tariff evasion or "Mistake" does seem like
               | the most likely explanation - yet US$1.4m is too little
               | to bother evading tax on really. I mean that could be a
               | refit on a boat or something -- $1.4Mn is literally
               | nothing.
        
               | piokoch wrote:
               | Now it is 1.4 mln, in future this could be 1000 more, if
               | this will help with overcoming tariffs. Check what
               | happened with Germany export to Kazakhstan in 2022.
        
               | matt-p wrote:
               | Of course, several of these islands with 10% tarrifs are
               | ex-colonies of various EU countries. Of course any french
               | manufacturer will send goods to the islands (0%) then
               | from there to the US (10%) rather than pay 20%. It's
               | obvious, then the US will notice and the island will go
               | to 20% and so on. It's all completely hateful.
        
               | 4ggr0 wrote:
               | > Check what happened with Germany export to Kazakhstan
               | in 2022
               | 
               | Can you elaborate? Tried searching for it, all i found is
               | that Kazakhstan reported 500M exports to Germany, when it
               | was actually 7B. But you were talking about Exports from
               | Germany to Kazakhstan, which I wasn't able to find.
        
               | gostsamo wrote:
               | gp implies that those are goods which ended up in Russia
               | after the EU war sanctions.
        
               | 4ggr0 wrote:
               | oh, that would make sense, yes. AFAIK Turkey was also
               | used a lot to _accidentally_ ship goods to Russia.
        
               | chris_wot wrote:
               | Pity the Faulkland Islands, population 3,200 and about a
               | million penguins. They have a 42% tariff.
               | 
               | Are you feeling great again, Americans?
        
               | matt-p wrote:
               | Yet they also are a British territory and the UK has a
               | 10% tariff. What bonehead came up with that.
        
               | codedokode wrote:
               | This is to protect domestic penguin manufacturers. Well
               | thought!
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | It could be a clerical error -- intending to choose Haiti
               | or Honduras, or maybe Hong Kong, and clicking or typing
               | HM by mistake.
               | 
               | Or maybe OCR is used somewhere and has made the error.
        
               | JKCalhoun wrote:
               | That may be the stupidest explanation I have heard yet.
               | 
               | It must be the correct one then. :-)
        
             | michaelhoney wrote:
             | Probably because the tariff table was put together by an
             | ignorant acolyte. They are not serious people.
        
             | xrd wrote:
             | I saw a post on X which said it was "vibe tariffing" and I
             | think the person was speculating that the tariffs were
             | probably generated using an LLM and saying "make me a
             | tariff chart with ALL the countries and each one about 25%
             | but randomize them."
             | 
             | That's the only plausible explanation I can see. A human
             | with any brains wouldn't put tariffs on islands only
             | populated by penguins.
             | 
             | Doge should look into this inefficiency.
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | But some of those places aren't even countries. As
               | already stated - weird.
               | 
               | It's almost like it wasn't well thought out.
        
               | blacklion wrote:
               | > It's almost like it wasn't well thought out.
               | 
               | Joke of the month.
        
               | 4ggr0 wrote:
               | Thankfully this is the only thing which this
               | administration hasn't thought out as well as it should
               | have.
               | 
               | Only barely four years left, yaaaay!
        
               | matt-p wrote:
               | I think it's basically reciprocal adjusted for trade
               | deficit, with a floor of 10%.
               | 
               | So obviously you'll end up with 10% on all sorts of
               | places where you actually have a trade surplus and no
               | tarrifs on your goods, or, yes, islands inhabited only by
               | penguins.
        
               | blacklion wrote:
               | For many countries patter look like ($USA-import - $USA-
               | export)/$USA-import.
        
               | jonasced wrote:
               | I'm not saying they make sense but according to the US
               | Trade Representative this is the equation used to
               | calculate the tariffs:
               | 
               | https://ustr.gov/issue-areas/reciprocal-tariff-
               | calculations
        
             | asah wrote:
             | This is to stop the practice of shipping things to a place,
             | making a small change, then re-exporting from there to
             | avoid tariffs.
        
               | brookst wrote:
               | Is that commonly done on uninhabited islands? Wouldn't
               | the shipping cost offset any gains? Where do you even
               | make these small changes if there's nobody there? And
               | what does the export paperwork look like?
        
               | addicted wrote:
               | The problem is that the truth, that this was some
               | haphazard nonsense thrown together at the last second
               | using some ChatGPT prompts, is hard to believe, so people
               | try to insert rationality where it doesn't exist.
        
               | brookst wrote:
               | It probably already exists and I just can't find it, but
               | there's some kind of law here about how some actions are
               | so insane that they compel people to invent elaborate
               | explanations to avoid the discomfort of recognizing
               | insanity.
        
               | lostmsu wrote:
               | Funny thing is the assumption that having ChatGPT run a
               | country is worse than elected politician is not as
               | obvious as you might think.
        
               | mateus1 wrote:
               | That doesn't hold water if you're talking about
               | uninhabited Antarctica territories.
        
             | viraptor wrote:
             | If this made any sense to begin with, then not excluding
             | any region at all would make sense. Why leave some area
             | which would become a theoretical middleman in trade just
             | for purpose of tariff evasion? At least they'd be covered
             | from the simple workarounds.
        
             | rvba wrote:
             | They knew what they were doing. They created a meme, a dead
             | cat.
             | 
             | Then you waste time discussing the unimportant, "funny"
             | topic, while the big picture is ignored.
        
           | riffraff wrote:
           | > it feels like a good opportunity for China to increase
           | their trade/influence in the region as well
           | 
           | influence for sure. But trade? Vietnam/Thailand/Cambodia
           | already have ~40% of their imports from China and 5% or so
           | from the US, I don't think this tariff can realistically
           | increase trade between China and SEA countries much.
        
             | cjrp wrote:
             | What about the inverse though; Vietnam/Thailand/Cambodia
             | increasing their exports to China?
        
               | thebigjewbowski wrote:
               | China has been trying to build up domestic markets for
               | the past several years. With the US imposing high tariffs
               | on Chinese goods it stands to reason that they're not in
               | a position to import from Vietnam, etc. because there
               | will be domestic overproduction.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | "because there will be domestic overproduction."
               | 
               | Is that from a decrease in demand, or an increase in
               | supply from other countries? I'm curious what the price
               | elasticity of demand looks like for Chinese imports.
        
               | darkwizard42 wrote:
               | My interpretation is: it's domestic overproduction
               | because China isn't exporting as much to US so it will
               | consume domestically and then not have need for imports
               | from the other SE Asia countries.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | My question is more about where the US is then importing
               | from. I assume some goods are more elastic than others.
               | So will the US simply stop buying, or will it shift to
               | buying elsewhere with lower tarrifs?
        
               | riffraff wrote:
               | Could be, but China's imports from the US where not much
               | (6% of their total) and cannot be easily substituted from
               | SEA countries, as they were mostly importing a ton of
               | agricultural stuff (soybeans, corn) plus fossils.
               | 
               | I understand 6% of china may be a much higher percentage
               | of, say, Vietnam's export, but I just don't think Vietnam
               | can produce that much more of that, quickly.
               | 
               | https://atlas.hks.harvard.edu/explore/treemap?exporter=co
               | unt...
        
             | accurrent wrote:
             | Would it reduce the share of exports that US sells? If they
             | decide to buy directly from China over the US given the
             | higher price of everything in the US (keep in mind the raw
             | components dont all appear out of nowhere).
        
             | throwaway2037 wrote:
             | I checked these numbers for Thailand: China: 24%, US: 6.73%
             | 
             | For Vietnam: China: 32.79%, US: 4.04%
        
               | riffraff wrote:
               | I did too, from the Atlas of Economic Complexity (2023
               | data).
               | 
               | Cambodia's top 3 is China 42%, Thailand 20%, Vietnam 12%
               | 
               | Thailand's is China 28.7%, Japan 10.2%, US 6.3%
               | 
               | Vietnam's is China 40.8%, South Korea 15.9%, Japan 5%
               | 
               | https://atlas.hks.harvard.edu/countries/116/export-basket
               | 
               | https://atlas.hks.harvard.edu/countries/764/export-basket
               | 
               | https://atlas.hks.harvard.edu/countries/704/export-basket
        
               | howmayiannoyyou wrote:
               | Non-monetary tariffs: - Regulatory hurdles that prevent
               | import (eg. CE requirements) - Currency manipulation (eg.
               | RMB) - Domestic industrial subsidies (eg. export tax
               | credits). ... you have a lot to learn about international
               | trade.
        
           | Beijinger wrote:
           | The Chinese don't want to buy anything, except raw materials.
           | Their idea of trade is to sell products to you, not buy
           | anything from you.
        
             | inatreecrown2 wrote:
             | What about fashionable Brand stuff?
        
               | jimmydoe wrote:
               | That will continue to exist but less popular than they
               | use to, as local fashion brand is catching up fast.
        
             | Jensson wrote:
             | The CCP maybe, but the Chinese people for sure want to buy
             | products from other countries.
        
               | jimmydoe wrote:
               | No, they used to, but less and less now, bc Chinese goods
               | are getting better, plus economic is tighter in recent
               | years.
        
               | thiagoharry wrote:
               | For most things, they already produce better and cheaper
               | products. And they can buy from obter countries, It is
               | just in US that Trump tarifs are applied.
        
             | vachina wrote:
             | And what's wrong with that?
        
               | Beijinger wrote:
               | Did not turn out too well the last time they sold tea,
               | silk and porcelain and accumulated the vast majority of
               | the world silver reserves.
               | 
               | You don't want to buy anything? You don't need anything?
               | The British had one thing the Chinese "needed".
        
               | 15155 wrote:
               | Eventually, you are no longer producing goods
               | domestically and they can raise prices or deny your
               | ability to purchase.
        
         | vkou wrote:
         | > This is Russia's and China's liberation day.
         | 
         | There's no reason to believe that Russia will not continue to
         | be a declining, stumbling, brain-drained backwater hawking a
         | nuclear arsenal over its current borders, Belarus, and The
         | People's Freest and Greatestmost Republic of Donetsk-Luhansk.
        
           | oblio wrote:
           | There is a somewhat small chance Donetsk-Luhanks escape in
           | the next 5-10 years. Let's see.
        
         | zaik wrote:
         | > Foreign countries buy US dollars so they can trade with other
         | people
         | 
         | Who are those other people and why do they want to be paid in
         | USD so badly instead of their own currency in which they
         | presumably pay their employees and taxes? I never understood
         | that.
        
           | oblio wrote:
           | Look up the petrodollar.
           | 
           | If I'm Romanian and my currency is leu (RON) and you're
           | Mexican and your currency is pesos (MXN), you don't want my
           | RON since you can't use it for anything except for imports
           | from Romania and I don't want your MXN since I can only use
           | it for imports from Mexico.
           | 
           | If we both agree on USD, I can go to any other country which
           | wants USD (all of them) and buy whatever I want.
        
             | cabirum wrote:
             | Trading in USD means that all your transactions become
             | known by a third party (US). That is why everyone should be
             | interested in cutting out the middle man.
        
               | 8note wrote:
               | they dont have to be its just more convenient.
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | That's the case for everything except for bartering or
               | using commodities (gold, etc) as intermediate trading
               | mediums.
        
           | tossandthrow wrote:
           | This is called the euro dollar (look it up, it had nothing to
           | do with Europe).
           | 
           | In short: when two non us countries trade, eg., oil they
           | settle on USD.
           | 
           | So for south Africa to buy oil from Kuwait, they need USD.
        
             | inexcf wrote:
             | Eurodollar is cyberpunk. Don't you mean the petro
             | dollar?(nevermind found Eurodollar instead of "euro dollar"
             | now :) )
        
               | tossandthrow wrote:
               | I don't mean petro dollar.
               | 
               | And you are more than welcome to use the internet if
               | there are terms you don't understand:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurodollar (Edit: I see you
               | found d the article, will leave the link for other who
               | are in doubt :) )
               | 
               | They are different concepts.
        
           | noduerme wrote:
           | In simple terms, if you're the Philippines and you're selling
           | fish to Russia, would you rather have Rubles or US dollars?
           | Way back in time, US Dollars were one to one based on gold in
           | fort knox. Right? But no country has a gold reserve now. Most
           | countries have a dollar reserve to back the paper money they
           | print themselves. This is the main reason the dollar hasn't
           | collapsed already.
           | 
           | [edit] someone who graduated college with an economics degree
           | please come and correct the following vague and possibly
           | totally wrong perceptions I have as a subject of the American
           | empire /edit
           | 
           | The value of a country's money is backed by a combination of
           | how much they produce and how much foreign currency and
           | assets from other countries they hold (euros, dollars, gold)
           | they have on reserve. Only the US gets away with having no
           | actual reserve ...because a combination of military might and
           | cultural strategic dominance has allowed it to BE the reserve
           | for everyone else. This is why it somehow makes sense for
           | America's economy to be based entirely on consumption rather
           | than production.
           | 
           | OP is right. Whichever superpower controls the levers of
           | global trade is the one that can sell debt and enforce the
           | currency regime.
           | 
           | Some of us think that it's a lucky thing that it's been
           | America, rather than a more authoritarian power, who had held
           | that control for the past 80 years. Europe would not have
           | recovered from WWII otherwise, and be living behind an iron
           | curtain. Anyone who controls global trade after America is
           | likely to be worse from a human rights perspective.
        
             | zaik wrote:
             | > if you're the Philippines and you're selling fish to
             | Russia, would you rather have Rubles or US dollars?
             | 
             | I would have assumed the fisherman in the Philippines would
             | like to be paid in Philippine peso.
        
               | riffraff wrote:
               | but it's not easy to come by large amounts of Philippine
               | pesos in Russia, cause no-one wants to hold significant
               | amount of foreign currency they can't use for anything
               | else. In some cases it may even be legally problematic.
               | 
               | That's why international trade uses "strong" currencies,
               | which are very liquid: you can generally get USD/EUR and
               | then trade them for anything else with a limited spread.
               | Good luck converting Hungarian forints to Lao kips.
               | 
               | Being cut off from USD is why news of Russia resorting to
               | barter[0][1] have occurred in the news since they got cut
               | off from the US trading system
               | 
               | [0] https://www.newsweek.com/russia-oranges-trade-barter-
               | pakista... [1] https://www.reuters.com/markets/first-
               | russia-china-barter-tr...
        
               | cutemonster wrote:
               | I think that is (used to be) higher risk: Internal events
               | could make the peso lose its value, but the dollar was
               | pretty stable?
               | 
               | (Probably it'd be a pretty big fishing company, exporting
               | to a far away nation like that. Not a single person in a
               | small boat)
               | 
               | Edit: I suppose riffraff's sibling answer is better
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | The fishermen will get paid in pesos but the company will
               | be paid in dollars. And the company will probably put
               | their dollars in a bank outside the Philippines, which
               | only accepts dollars, euros or swiss francs.
               | 
               | If the fishermen could be paid in dollars, they would
               | probably prefer that.
               | 
               | And the fact that they'd prefer that to being paid in
               | Rubles or Renminbi is the underlying guarantor of
               | American economic power... which, if it goes away and was
               | replaced by Chinese power in the south china sea, would
               | be catastrophic for the fishermen as well.
        
               | quonn wrote:
               | For this the Russian buyer would have to previously sell
               | something to the Philippines and accept pesos. Why would
               | they accept those pesos if they are not generally
               | accepted elsewhere?
        
               | addicted wrote:
               | Where does the Russian company get its Philippine Peso
               | from?
               | 
               | Russia overall may have exported some stuff to
               | Philippines but it's a huge country. The specific company
               | would now need to find a way to acquire a highly illiquid
               | currency available in tiny numbers which would be
               | expensive.
               | 
               | Instead, they simply buy dollars which are highly liquid,
               | available in huge numbers, until now absolutely reliable,
               | and accepted by everyone.
               | 
               | Trading in dollars was at the end of the day cheap.
        
             | rubzah wrote:
             | So how about a decentralized currency that no one controls?
             | Preferably digital. If only we had the technology ;-)
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | Power abhors a vacuum. No such thing can exist without
               | some state eventually dominating 51% of it. We've just
               | tested this out since 2009 and it's already obvious that
               | no crypto can escape state control, because the ingress
               | and egress points are already under state control. Short
               | of establishing your own colony on the moon or Mars, this
               | ain't gonna happen.
               | 
               | Luckily, it's still possible to change governments.
               | Sometimes, in some places. Maybe not for much longer. But
               | the idea that crypto will free us is a fantasy that at
               | this point is mostly being peddled by secret police
               | agencies in name-your-country.
        
               | addicted wrote:
               | This is a gross misunderstanding of what a currency
               | actually is.
               | 
               | A currency is a social construct. It has no inherent
               | value beyond what people who trade in it place on the
               | currency.
               | 
               | As a result people don't want a currency whose rules of
               | trade are defined once and it's unable to respond to
               | actual world events.
               | 
               | If you have a currency that is indeed responsive to
               | changes in the world then there needs to be someone who
               | you entrust with making those changes.
               | 
               | At that point it doesn't matter whether that currency is
               | digital or cash based. I mean, in actuality even the USD
               | digital trade is order of magnitudes greater than its
               | physical trade.
               | 
               | The U.S.'s monetary institutions and its role as a trade
               | promoting superpower is what makes the dollar stronger.
               | Now that those institutions are not as reliable anymore
               | and the U.S. is clearly not a trade promoter anymore, the
               | dollar is definitely at risk.
        
               | griffzhowl wrote:
               | A currency is a social construct but it doesn't just come
               | down to people who trade in the currency in a
               | decentralized sense: the US govt imposes taxes on
               | economic activity, and demands those taxes be paid in
               | dollars (as other states do in their respective
               | currencies), and this is enforced by the coercive power
               | of the state, which is ultimately based on its military
               | strength, since that's the ultimate guarantor of the
               | continued existence of all the other institutions of the
               | state.
               | 
               | Of course, there's more to it in the complex system of
               | the global economy, but the power of the state is still
               | an important central factor in a currencies' strength -
               | it's not just about collective perceptions of value.
        
             | specproc wrote:
             | I'm sorry, but the US has an abysmal human rights record.
             | 
             | It has a per capita incarceration rate lower only than
             | Rwanda, Turkmenistan, Cuba and El Salvador (which is a
             | prison subcontractor _for_ the US).
             | 
             | It has started more wars than any other country since the
             | second World War.
             | 
             | It is the only country to have used a nuclear weapon in
             | anger.
             | 
             | It has a death penalty.
             | 
             | It supports numerous regimes with abysmal human rights
             | records, Israel, Egypt and Saudi spring to mind, but that's
             | just `head(3)`.
             | 
             | It has bombed it's own population, shot its own students,
             | had racial segregation in living memory.
             | 
             | Given its scale and reach, I'd suggest that the US is, in
             | fact, the world's greatest human rights abuser.
             | 
             | I'm struggling to think of a country with a worse record.
        
               | skinnymuch wrote:
               | Definitely the worst human rights abuser in history
               | followed by the British, French, Germans, etc.
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | uh... are you being ironic?
               | 
               | Do you know what's going on to average citizens in North
               | Korea?
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Aquariums_of_Pyongyan
               | g
               | 
               | Do you know that showing ANY anti-war symbol in Russia
               | against the invasion of Ukraine will get you arrested?
               | 
               | Do you know how many Tibetans put their lives on the line
               | to organize resistance in Tibet, now, against the
               | genocidal CCP?
               | 
               | Do you know anything about the civil war in Sudan?
               | 
               | So
               | 
               | if the worst human rights abusers in your mind are
               | America, the UK, France and Germany, is that because
               | those are the only countries you can name? Or because you
               | don't understand what the rest of the world is?
        
               | specproc wrote:
               | It's scale. North Korea is mainly abusing North Korean
               | human rights, the US has brutalised many more countries,
               | not incidentally including Korea.
               | 
               | Yes, I'm very familiar with the Russia situation, but are
               | you trying to say all arrests in the US are completely
               | justifiable? Despite their apparent arrest-happiness,
               | they've a much smaller prison population than the US.
               | 
               | China, I know less about, but let's call the Uighurs and
               | Tibet equivalent to say, Iraq and Libya, the US has done
               | far more besides.
               | 
               | Having worked in the aid business, I'd say I'm sadly a
               | little familiar with Sudan. For example I know they've
               | been victims of US sanctions which have created and
               | exacerbated the famines and economic misery paved the way
               | for this war. The US even lobbed a cruise missile them
               | once.
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | This sounds obvious: No country extends civil rights
               | abroad that they don't extend to their own citizens. If
               | Russia or China can't even give their own citizens a fair
               | hearing for exercising their opinions against the
               | government, what hope have their colonial subjects?
               | 
               | The US has dominated the western world for 80 years, much
               | of that in battle against adversaries who were much more
               | brutal to their own citizens. Which by extension means
               | more brutal toward innocent bystanders who fell under
               | those adversaries power.
               | 
               | It's a form of confirmation bias to assert now that all
               | the world's maladies and wars stem from American
               | interventionism. One can easily imagine a counter-history
               | in which any of the forces America fought against had run
               | over neutral countries without opposition.
               | 
               | The very fact that South Korea and Taiwan, Germany,
               | Japan, France, the UK, Norway, et al, are democracies
               | with relatively decent human rights records and not,
               | like, slave states subjugated to totalitarian regimes...
               | does that fact not put hundreds of millions of human
               | lives lived in dignity and freedom on _our_ side of the
               | ledger? Unless you think those lives would have just as
               | well have been spent in a concentration camp or a gulag.
        
               | specproc wrote:
               | South Korea was torn apart by a brutal US-led war; Japan
               | nuked, twice, by the US. For every country where US
               | barbarism has led to stable, peaceful societies, there
               | are countless ruined shells: see Iraq, Afghanistan,
               | Syria, Libya for recent examples.
               | 
               | As far as the outcome of WWII is concerned, I'm presuming
               | this is what you're referring to, Europe owes just as
               | much to the Soviet union in the fight against the Nazis,
               | they gave many more lives. Does that go on the Russian
               | ledger?
               | 
               | > It's a form of confirmation bias to assert now that all
               | the world's maladies and wars stem from American
               | interventionism.
               | 
               | At no point have I claimed this. My claim is that I
               | struggle to think of a country that has a worse human
               | rights record than the US, which I'd lightly tweak for
               | living memory.
               | 
               | Still struggling.
        
               | graemep wrote:
               | > One can easily imagine a counter-history in which any
               | of the forces America fought against had run over neutral
               | countries without opposition
               | 
               | There are examples of that. Tibet, North Korea, Vietnam,
               | Afghanistan, Warsaw pact countries.
               | 
               | On average the US side was MUCH better. There are
               | examples that go the other way (e.g. Afghanistan) and
               | that were bad enough it might have been better with the
               | other side (many South American dictatorships)
        
               | thiagoharry wrote:
               | > Do you know that showing ANY anti-war symbol in Russia
               | against the invasion of Ukraine will get you arrested?
               | 
               | Like students protesting against Palestinian genocide?
               | 
               | > Do you know how many Tibetans put their lives on the
               | line to organize resistance in Tibet, now, against the
               | genocidal CCP?
               | 
               | Like the Hawaiian sovereignty movement?
        
               | skinnymuch wrote:
               | Why do you believe everything the western media tells you
               | as they lie about everything relating to Israel and
               | Palestine?
               | 
               | Your North Korea info. America is the one that didn't
               | allow free elections and invaded (yes I know you will say
               | North Korea invaded. I know what people who repeat every
               | western talking point say).
               | 
               | --
               | 
               | How do you think Africa turned out the way it did? Which
               | people in the late 1800s decided to carve up Africa?
               | Which people continue doing [neo]colonialism?
               | 
               | Why is Sudan a country with its borders? It's the west
               | that did that. A country can't be free when colonizers
               | draw the borders. Even if you try to bring in the Arab
               | states screwing Sudan up, those states are also a cause
               | of western colonialism.
               | 
               | --
               | 
               | Tibet was a slave society and part of China for many many
               | years.
               | 
               | Most Tibetan people speak their native language. How
               | about native Hawaiian or indigenous people in continental
               | US?
               | 
               | --
               | 
               | Like I said in another comment. If Xinjiang had been in
               | Europe or America. The Muslims would've been genocided.
               | Thank god my people were in Xinjiang China and not
               | elsewhere.
               | 
               | I'd advise you to read Manufacturing Consent and learn
               | more about the world before saying the most typical
               | western talking points.
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | This is easy. We're sitting here texting on an American
               | platform and both willing to say that the imprisonment
               | rate in America is abysmal, that in its history America
               | has supported awful dictatorships and racist regimes.
               | 
               | You can't do that in China or Cuba or Russia. You can't
               | even mention it or you would be black holed and your
               | family would be taken away in the night.
               | 
               | I'm in America and I have no fear of telling the
               | authorities what I think.
               | 
               | As awful as some of the things America has done in the
               | past 249 years are, you really can't compare them to the
               | actions of non-democracies and authoritarian regimes. To
               | do so is an insult to the people who struggle every day
               | as prisoners under those regimes. You can hate America
               | with all your heart, but you can't reasonably compare its
               | foreign policy to that of Napoleon or Hitler or Stalin.
               | You can't say that America ever attempted a Great Leap
               | Forward leading to the starvation of 40 million people,
               | or the Holodomor, or the Holocaust, or the Rwandan
               | genocide or even the current genocide against Uighurs by
               | China. Even the British empire looks incredibly cruel by
               | modern American standards.
               | 
               | Is it still a big world power dominating other smaller
               | countries? Definitely.
               | 
               | America has acted as if it were a global empire in its
               | own self interest. But it's probably been the lesser of
               | most evils, certainly throughout the 20th Century. What
               | it is or may be now, it's harder to say, and we'll find
               | out. But comparatively speaking, only a person who hadn't
               | been to the countries you listed would make the claim
               | that it was worse to have America running the world.
               | 
               | Someone's going to run the world, you know.
        
               | cousin_it wrote:
               | In the past 249 years? The genocide of Native Americans
               | was on the same scale as any of the atrocities you
               | listed. Slavery too.
               | 
               | In recent years? I'd say the War on Terror was one of the
               | deadliest things in 21st century so far.
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | Ok. Name a country 249 years ago that wasn't a conquering
               | power, that didn't commit atrocities and that didn't have
               | slavery.
               | 
               | You can't. They didn't exist.
               | 
               | Name one that opened its doors to immigrants, has the
               | most diverse population in the world, progressively
               | enhanced civil rights and enshrined freedom of speech,
               | built a rule of law into its practices, and most
               | importantly, name a single country that has had a
               | peaceful democratic transition of power for more than
               | half that time.
        
               | labster wrote:
               | San Marino, obviously.
        
               | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
               | The US's atrocities and slavery happened much more
               | recently. And kept happening while other countries moved
               | on to modern social democracy.
               | 
               | And are still happening today, under the thin disguise of
               | for-profit prisons and no-work = no-healthcare.
               | 
               | The US has a long history of murdering people who are too
               | politically progressive and/or get in the way of
               | corporate profits.
               | 
               | Racial segregation was still considered normal in the
               | 1950s. There's still a huge swathe of the population who
               | can't cope with the idea of anyone who isn't rich and
               | white, ideally a man, with political power.
               | 
               | As for immigrants - there are some people in El Salvador
               | who won't agree with you.
        
               | specproc wrote:
               | Well, given that countries are a relatively new thing,
               | that's a question that's complex to answer.
               | 
               | I think what you mean to say is name a European country
               | that wasn't doing all that stuff, because most of the
               | world wasn't. I can name a European one actually,
               | Ireland.
               | 
               | That last bit doesn't sound so great to the non-US ear.
               | Immigration, seriously? Ask MLK or Mahmoud Khalil about
               | free speech. Democracy in America is a whole long
               | conversation, but let's say it's at best of debatable
               | quality.
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | whew. Well, I and almost everyone I know are the sons and
               | daughters of legal (and some illegal) immigrants to the
               | US. Among us, a small group: Irish, Austrian, Persian,
               | Jewish, Russian, Mexican, Filipina and Haitian. I've
               | actually only met a few people in my life who claimed
               | their family had been here more than 3 generations. My
               | grandparents were illegal aliens who were granted
               | amnesty. As such, almost everyone I know is very pro-
               | immigration. We're all aware that there are nativist
               | forces out there who think America is just a white
               | christian nation, but I don't run into them much.
               | 
               | As far as deporting visa seekers who lied on their forms
               | and are shilling agitprop for terrorist organizations?
               | sure.
               | 
               | Ireland wasn't a country until what, 1916 or something.
               | That's like saying the Czech Republic never invaded
               | anyone. It's not quite clear it was due to any moral high
               | standing, obviously when you're not in any position to do
               | so it's easy to say you never did. What Ireland did
               | excell at was terrorism, (er, anti colonialism) similar
               | to the early anti-British forces in Jewish Palestine,
               | although you wouldn't know it since the IRA went off to
               | train in Iran.
        
               | throwaway2037 wrote:
               | > Name one that opened its doors to immigrants, has the
               | most diverse population in the world, progressively
               | enhanced civil rights and enshrined freedom of speech,
               | built a rule of law into its practices
               | 
               | I'm pretty sure that Brazillians would raise their hand
               | here.                   > most importantly, name a single
               | country that has had a peaceful democratic transition of
               | power for more than half that time.
               | 
               | Does Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and UK count?
               | Probably we can include France, Netherlands, Iceland,
               | Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. I'm sure other people here
               | can name others.
        
               | graemep wrote:
               | Comparing that last list of countries, I do not think any
               | has as strong protection of free speech as the US has. On
               | the other hand the UK seems to be a LOT less racist - I
               | think the other countries are some where in between the
               | US and the UK.
        
               | danieldk wrote:
               | Most of the listed countries do much better than the US
               | in the free speech index:
               | 
               | https://rsf.org/en/index
        
               | graemep wrote:
               | How is the index calculated?
               | 
               | I definitely disagree about the UK. We have nothing like
               | the constitutional protections the US has.
               | 
               | The other country I know well, Sri Lanka, is fairly bad,
               | but has got a lot better in recent years and that does
               | not seem to be reflected in the change (I cannot see a
               | history so maybe it got better and fell in the last year)
               | and I find it hard to believe it is really just a few
               | places away from the likes of Yemen or Belarus.
        
               | graemep wrote:
               | Looked at it. It is really an index of press/journalistic
               | freedom, not free speech in general with is far broader
               | (private individuals, right to protest, etc.)
               | 
               | The quantitative part will have issues with data quality,
               | and it focuses entirely repression of journalists and the
               | media. It will be heavily distorted anywhere there is
               | prevalent self-censorship.
        
               | Urahandystar wrote:
               | If you change the parameter to a more accurate <%50 of
               | time the country has existed> you can include plenty of
               | post colonial nations to that too.
               | 
               | Plenty of African ones none the less, Botswana, Ghana,
               | Cameroon, Senegal.
        
               | soupbowl wrote:
               | Canada does not have freedom of speech.
        
               | specproc wrote:
               | > Someone's going to run the world, you know.
               | 
               | The entitlement in that statement is jaw-dropping. No, no
               | one needs to run the world.
               | 
               | And I definitely, definitely can compare US actions to
               | Hitler and Stalin. Vietnam alone, over fifty years ago,
               | ignoring everything that's gone on since was 1.4 million
               | deaths, more than Auschwitz, about a third of the
               | Holodomor.
               | 
               | In the 20th century, leaving aside WWI and WWII, America
               | fought its native population, and in Mexico, Cuba,
               | Nicaragua, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Korea, Puerto
               | Rico, Vietnam, Lao, Indonesia, Lebanon, the Congo,
               | Bolivia, Cambodia, Granada, Libya, Panama, Iran, Iraq,
               | Somalia, and the former Yugoslavia.
               | 
               | These are troops on the ground wars, in the twentieth
               | century alone, which are a matter of public record. We're
               | not even at the War on Terror, small scale secret stuff,
               | or counting the viscous regimes the US has propped up. Or
               | sanctions, or internal repression, lynching,
               | assassinations and the like.
               | 
               | We don't have a body count as the US stopped counting in
               | Vietnam, but I'd wager if we took all the deaths for
               | which the US is directly responsible, it outstrip would
               | outstrip Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union combined by an
               | order of magnitude.
               | 
               | [Breathes] To the initial point, and speaking from
               | somewhere where one's political views can definitely get
               | one locked up. The (debatable) free speech of Americans
               | means nothing to those not protected by US law, which is
               | most of the world.
               | 
               | The American human rights record may look passable from
               | the inside, but from the outside it's just another
               | monstrous empire.
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | Ok. Breathe.
               | 
               | What would have happened if the US hadn't entered WWII or
               | hadn't remained in western Europe to stop the Soviets, or
               | hadn't responded to the invasion of South Korea?
               | 
               | Presumably, someone or something besides what we politely
               | call liberal democracy would be running those places,
               | mmm? Probably in the manner in which either Germany or
               | the USSR was run at the time, or in which North Korea is
               | run today?
               | 
               | Perhaps after murdering all the intellectuals and
               | landowners and shop owners, they would have come to some
               | phase of neo-communist authoritarian capitalism like
               | Vietnam or China now, (or if the Nazis had won, maybe
               | their kids would have agitated for free speech and
               | minority rights!) although it's debatable whether a
               | Stalinist or Maoist country could get there without an
               | evil capitalist villain to push it toward perestroika.
               | 
               | I'm not defending America sending troops hither and yon
               | to defend banana companies.
               | 
               | But you say it's breathtakingly entitled to simply state
               | that _someone is going to run the world_ , and I think
               | it's just a plainly obvious fact. By _someone_ ,
               | hopefully you understand that I mean a polity and not a
               | person, and ideally a group of nations with a commitment
               | to the rule of law and civil rights. That would be as
               | good as it has ever gotten in the long dark history of
               | the world.
        
               | specproc wrote:
               | FYI I'm writing from a former Soviet state and need no
               | lectures and whatifs on matters of the USSR.
               | 
               | A US-led unipolar world existed between 1989 and 2025.
               | Multipolarity is the norm, even the British empire was
               | truly top dog for like 50-100 years at best.
               | 
               | Attempts to control the world are what lead to the sort
               | of acts of barbarism, exemplified by the US, that are the
               | subject of this conversation.
               | 
               | The US is, once more, the greatest human rights abuser in
               | living memory, in large part because it believed it
               | should run the world.
               | 
               | The main learning from WWII, which America has
               | consistently eroded over its period at the helm is that
               | on a global scale, multi-state governance based on
               | mechanisms like the UN, the international criminal court
               | etc should be the mechanism for global governance. Not
               | some state with a manifest destiny complex's self
               | interest.
        
               | 542354234235 wrote:
               | > on a global scale, multi-state governance based on
               | mechanisms like the UN, the international criminal court
               | etc should be the mechanism for global governance.
               | 
               | The UN is not for "global governance", it is to prevent
               | the nuclear holocaust that would be WWIII by giving super
               | powers a place to resolve conflicts. The international
               | court at the Hague is only able to try war criminals, for
               | example from the Yugoslav Wars, because the countries
               | were not powerful enough to just ignore it. Just because
               | we were able to try and convict Slobodan Milosevic,
               | doesn't mean that China or Russia would ever extradite a
               | former head of state for trial.
        
               | specproc wrote:
               | They did Bibi, which was good. Growing a pair in its old
               | age.
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | Unfortunately the world bodies like the UN are
               | overwhelmingly stocked with dictatorships ranging from
               | Angola to Russia which have no interest in civil
               | liberties or human rights. While they frequently claim
               | the US to be the world's greatest human rights abuser, as
               | you have, they perpetrate mass murder on their own
               | citizens. The living memory of my family from Odesa, who
               | survived the holocaust, who survived the famine, to see
               | the invasion of Ukraine and the butchery of Hamas, while
               | the culprits and murderers themselves run the United
               | Nations and ICJ, and while people trying to survive are
               | told they are the worst war criminals in history _by the
               | people whose history is one of ceaseless murder_ tells me
               | that it 's better to be American and, if necessary, spit
               | out all those organizations for their lies.
        
               | 542354234235 wrote:
               | >No, no one needs to run the world.
               | 
               | Previous to the current unipolar hegemony of the US, it
               | was the bipolar days of the US and USSR, otherwise known
               | as the Cold War. That gave us Vietnam, Afghanistan part
               | 1, Korea, and the Greek, Lebanese, Nicaraguan, Angolan
               | civil wars. Before that it was a multipolar system of
               | competing empires, fighting and carving up sections of
               | the globe, which gave us both world wars, and countless
               | wars before that. Unipolar hegemony provides stability
               | and reduces interstate violence. The idea that Russia,
               | China, and the EU competing for power and influence is a
               | better situation does not ring true for me. The war in
               | Ukraine is the first major interstate territorial grab
               | since the end of the Cold War, and that is only the
               | beginning in a multipolar world.
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | Right. Next question being, of the current contenders for
               | crown in a unipolar world, which one would you want to
               | live in - and which would you think your children and
               | their children had a chance of improving and being free
               | in, rather than being slaves? Because if there's a better
               | option than America, I'll move there.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | Everything changes. The America of 20 years ago is
               | different from the America of today, and will be
               | different in 20 years again (I have no idea how).
               | Likewise for Europe (either individual countries or the
               | EU). Will Argentina finally get of the constant ruin from
               | decades of unchecked leftism and become a world power in
               | 20 years - who knows. Some of the changes will be good
               | and some bad. There are things to like and dislike about
               | every option. So far I'm holding out hope that the US and
               | Europe both overall remain good choices. 20 years ago I
               | was expecting China to become a good choice, but now they
               | are not. I didn't even think of Vietnam 20 years ago, but
               | they have some good signs (I'm not sure if there are
               | enough). There are a few countries in Africa that are
               | doing good things even though the continent as a whole is
               | a string of one bad thing after another.
        
               | specproc wrote:
               | Well argued.
               | 
               | Unipolarity has however also seen considerable brutality,
               | in the places the empire cares about (Iraq, Afghanistan,
               | Libya) and the places it doesn't, like Rwanda.
               | 
               | My point was made in frustration at the flippancy of the
               | parent comment. The attitude that "someone has to run the
               | world so it might as well be us" is precisely the source
               | of the misery that the US, and every other empire, has
               | inflicted on the world. It's a justification for untold
               | evil and had to be challenged.
               | 
               | I'd further argue that the war in Ukraine isn't the first
               | interstate territorial land grab, far from it. What else
               | was the War on Terror?
               | 
               | The main characteristic of the (pre-Trump) US empire is
               | that it doesn't incorporate territories, it plants bases
               | and friendly governments. With varying degrees of
               | success.
        
               | 542354234235 wrote:
               | >Unipolarity has however also seen considerable
               | brutality, in the places the empire cares about (Iraq,
               | Afghanistan, Libya) and the places it doesn't, like
               | Rwanda.
               | 
               | We should probably view these _in context_ to
               | alternatives. Just looking at Afghanistan, the 20 year
               | "War on Terror" is estimated to have killed approximately
               | 200,000 people in Afghanistan and Pakistan. In contrast
               | to the Soviet Afghan War, which was half a long, but
               | resulted in between 1.2 and 2 million people killed, an
               | order of magnitude more bloody.
               | 
               | Your comparison of the US and "every other empire" and
               | equating Ukraine to the War on Terror is the same lack of
               | context argument. The US "soft empire" of economic
               | pressure, military protection, and clandestine regime
               | change is not comparable to empires that literally would
               | invade, conquer, and rule over other countries. The US
               | does not own land in Afghanistan, did not annex and take
               | control of oil or other natural resources in Iraq. Just
               | because something is bad, doesn't mean it is equivalent
               | to other bad things and I think it is very clear that the
               | US has been much "less bad" than the previous
               | alternatives.
        
               | specproc wrote:
               | I'm sorry, but going back to my very first post on here,
               | staying in living memory, the US has a vast litany of
               | egregious human rights offences to its name. This is an
               | objective fact of record.
               | 
               | The notion that it's any better than a hypothetical does
               | not address the core point that the US government, has in
               | actuality caused more suffering, to more people, in more
               | countries, over a longer period of time than any other
               | since the end of WW2.
               | 
               | I don't want to see another empire, but the world won't
               | be sorry to see the back of the US.
        
               | 542354234235 wrote:
               | > going back to my very first post on here...address the
               | core point that the US government, has in actuality
               | caused more suffering, to more people, in more countries,
               | over a longer period of time than any other since the end
               | of WW2.
               | 
               | Lets look at that.
               | 
               | >Vietnam alone, over fifty years ago, ignoring everything
               | that's gone on since was 1.4 million deaths
               | 
               | This ignores that the USSR was on the other side of this
               | war, so those deaths are shared equally.
               | 
               | >Cuba, Nicaragua, Korea, the Congo, Cambodia, Lao
               | 
               | These are all Cold War proxy wars with the Soviet Union,
               | a direct result of duopolistic fighting.
               | 
               | > the former Yugoslavia
               | 
               | The Yugoslavian wars were internal/civil wars over
               | nationalism and involved extensive ethnic cleansing. The
               | US stepped in and ended the wars after a fairly short
               | bombing campaign.
               | 
               | >We don't have a body count as the US stopped counting in
               | Vietnam, but I'd wager if we took all the deaths for
               | which the US is directly responsible, it outstrip would
               | outstrip Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union combined by an
               | order of magnitude.
               | 
               | Mao's Great Leap Forward is estimated to have caused 30
               | to 45 million deaths. Stalin's Great Purge murdered
               | between 700,000-1.2 million. Stalin also forcibly
               | deported 15 million people as part of his Dekulakization,
               | and cause 20 million deaths total. This claim that the US
               | has killed orders of magnitude more people has no basis
               | in fact.
               | 
               | A majority of the wars were proxy wars, and as horrible
               | as they were, they were less destructive than wars of
               | conquest they replaced. The Napoleonic wars killed 6.5
               | million with muskets and cannons. Meanwhile, the Iraq
               | war, the worst US war since the fall of the Soviet Union,
               | resulted in less than a third of the deaths in Korean or
               | Vietnam wars.
               | 
               | Listing the United States Superpower misdeeds only sound
               | horrible when you ignore the context of what the other
               | Superpowers were doing. At it ignores the amount of
               | violence in a unipolar US world compared to duopolistic
               | and multipolar worlds.
        
               | codedokode wrote:
               | Can we summarize international politics like this: once a
               | nice person gets a gun, he realizes that there is no need
               | to be nice anymore?
        
             | weatherlite wrote:
             | > The value of a country's money is backed by a combination
             | of how much they produce and how much foreign currency and
             | assets from other countries they hold (euros, dollars,
             | gold) they have on reserve.
             | 
             | I think the simplest way to think about it is simply supply
             | and demand. Currently there is constant high demand for USD
             | due to its reserve status as you said (supply is also
             | growing btw , deficits, printing of money etc). If demand
             | goes down, there will be too much supply so the Dollar will
             | naturally weaken against other currencies. As far as I know
             | the fact that one USD equals 0.95 Euros (or whatever) is
             | simple market forces of supply and demand.
        
             | skinnymuch wrote:
             | Absolutely crazy when we see countries like China not be
             | close to as bad as the most evil empire ever, the US. And
             | yet somehow the thought is the US isn't the worst with
             | human rights.
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | When I was in my early 20s in Thailand I hated America
               | under George W Bush. I had a conversation with a Tibetan
               | guy who was on his way to sneak into China to help his
               | village in Tibet which had been invaded back in the 50s,
               | then colonized. He was going to help dig wells.
               | 
               | I said to him: "America is just as bad as China! We're
               | becoming the same thing!" This was during the Iraq war.
               | 
               | He stopped me short. He said, "no you cannot compare
               | them, at all, ever. You don't understand. I went to
               | school at [ivy league college]. America is still a
               | democracy. You have no idea how dangerous it is in
               | China."
               | 
               | He was right. I didn't...I was a spoiled kid with good
               | intentions, and no understanding of how much evil there
               | was in the world. You don't have the reference point of
               | experiencing pure evil either to say what you're saying.
        
               | skinnymuch wrote:
               | Tibet was a slave society. What are you talking about?
               | Tibet was also a part of China for many many years.
               | 
               | America is a liberal western democracy. Just because you
               | disagree with the democracy of China does not make it
               | true.
               | 
               | You know in Tibet, 90%+ of people still speak their
               | native language. Do you know how many indigenous people
               | in Hawaii or the continental US speak their native
               | language? Not close to the same.
               | 
               | I am Muslim. I see what the west does to Muslims. I have
               | looked into Xinjiang. If Xinjiang was near Europe or in
               | America, the Muslims would've been genocided.
        
             | codedokode wrote:
             | It seems that other currencies have their own
             | peculiarities; for example, when Russia sold oil to India
             | for Indian rupees (to show that they don't want dirty
             | American currency), they found out that you cannot transfer
             | them outside of India or convert; you need to spend them
             | locally.
             | 
             | I wonder can China use this to make Yuan a new world
             | currency (we all buy Chinese things anyway) or they cannot
             | do it or doing this is not beneficial to them?
        
               | NooneAtAll3 wrote:
               | China has 2 currencies - Yuan for foreign trade and RMB
               | for internal exchange
               | 
               | I can definitely imagine Yuan being used more
        
               | kaiwen1 wrote:
               | RMB and Yuan are two names for the same thing. Maybe
               | you're thinking of FEC? That ended in 1994.
        
               | kasey_junk wrote:
               | China maintains a soft peg on the yuan in order to keep
               | their industrial output cheap.
               | 
               | Part of the way they do this is with heavy currency
               | controls. Those currency controls make it difficult to do
               | international trade with the yuan.
               | 
               | But worse from Chinas perspective you can't maintain a
               | peg if your currency is used to trade goods, particularly
               | fungible commodities because the commodity itself becomes
               | the medium of exchange and derails the currency peg.
               | 
               | That would be disastrous for their exporters and their
               | economy is not in a position to sustain that currently.
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | It's likely not beneficial to them, for a couple reasons.
               | 
               | First of all, they can print Yuan. They want people to
               | buy those pieces of paper for something of value. It
               | doesn't do much good to have people send all that paper
               | back in exchange for phones and tablets and stuff. Then
               | they would've just got back some paper they printed in
               | exchange for something that took time and resources to
               | make.
               | 
               | No, they need something physical or at least valuable for
               | that paper. Such as local labor. Then their own
               | population can spend the paper internally, because it's
               | in theory exchangeable for something external. When China
               | buys stuff from the US, it spends dollars. Which it buys
               | from the US not with Yuan, but with computer parts. It
               | pays its own people Yuan to make the computer parts...
               | but the Yuan is only valuable because the government
               | holds dollars and euros to buy stuff that their citizens
               | can then buy for Yuan.
               | 
               | This is why Trump's overall foreign policy and
               | particulatly his tariffs scheme risks destroying America.
               | If at some point enough countries decide that the USD is
               | too unreliable, they may look for the next best paper to
               | trade. That would be catastrophic for the US which may
               | deserve it in any case, but it would be truly terrible if
               | the alternative were a currency privately owned and
               | manipulated by the leaders of a dictatorship. Perhaps the
               | world isn't stupid enough to do that, but the size of
               | China's economy compared to anything else would make it
               | tempting.
               | 
               | I'll stipulate right now that if China were a democracy
               | with civil rights and a fair legal system, I would have
               | no problem with it taking over world trade from the US.
               | But currently it's a repressive authoritarian state.
        
               | foobarian wrote:
               | > I wonder can China use this to make Yuan a new world
               | currency
               | 
               | I suspect a strong precondition for this is to switch
               | world oil trade away from the dollar, and that is
               | currently enforced by a combination of military power and
               | "winner takes all" network effect mechanics of the trade.
        
             | exe34 wrote:
             | > Anyone who controls global trade after America is likely
             | to be worse from a human rights perspective.
             | 
             | Next thing you know they might start sending innocents to
             | megaprisons in El Salvador and lose track of them.
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | don't get me wrong. I'm writing everything I'm saying
               | because I desperately do not want America to go on a
               | trajectory where it loses all credibility and becomes as
               | bad as all the other human rights abusers.
               | 
               | I think most Americans have no idea how much power their
               | country wields. And it's horrific that they're
               | susceptible to the kind of small thinking jingoist
               | nationalism that doesn't befit a country so large built
               | on an idea of cohesion.
        
             | csomar wrote:
             | > Only the US gets away with having no actual reserve
             | 
             | Money is a credit. The US didn't get away with anything.
             | Being a reserve currency has its advantages but the US is
             | holding these liabilities with assets inside the country
             | itself: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_
             | net_inter...
        
             | tzs wrote:
             | > In simple terms, if you're the Philippines and you're
             | selling fish to Russia, would you rather have Rubles or US
             | dollars?
             | 
             | I can easily see why Rubles would have been unacceptable
             | several decades ago, but nowadays with the speed of
             | financial markets why not set the price in the seller's
             | currency and at payment time the buyer can trade enough of
             | their currency for the seller's currency on the currency
             | markets to get the payment?
        
               | lackstein wrote:
               | The challenge is that for a lot of countries, the forex
               | markets for their own currency aren't deep enough to
               | settle all of their international trade.
               | 
               | Consider a country that has a large trade imbalance--they
               | import a lot of goods and have very few exports. When a
               | business in that country tries to import goods, say from
               | the Philippines in Pesos or from Germany in Euros, the
               | business will have to go to a forex markets and sell
               | their local currency to buy the foreign currency.
               | 
               | Who's going to take the other side of that trade?
               | Normally, if a country exports a lot of goods, then
               | foreign businesses will need to buy the country's local
               | currency to pay for them, and that provides a market for
               | exchanging Pesos and Euros for the local currency. But
               | the country doesn't export very much, so other businesses
               | in the Philippines or the Eurozone don't have much use
               | for the business' local currency, and that means that
               | there isn't a large market of people selling Pesos or
               | Euros to buy the local currency.
               | 
               | This example is a bit of an edge case where this
               | fictional country runs a trade deficit with all of its
               | trading partners. In reality, you'll likely have a trade
               | deficit with some partners and a surplus with others. If
               | you decide to denominate some of your international trade
               | in US Dollars, then you're able to use the excess dollars
               | coming in to your country from your exports to finance
               | your imports. It's a lot easier than hoping that you can
               | sell enough of your local currency or the currencies of
               | the countries you're exporting to to buy enough of the
               | currencies of the countries you're importing from.
               | 
               | In some ways it's similar to the hub-and-spoke model of
               | airlines. If you want to get from small town A to small
               | town B, there might not be enough traffic in both
               | directions to warrant a direct flight. But if there's a
               | hub X, then there might be enough traffic between A and
               | all the other flights into X to make it worthwhile to fly
               | from X to B and vice versa. There might not be enough
               | balanced trade between two small countries for there to
               | be a deep market in their currency pair, but if you have
               | both imports and exports denominated in US Dollars then
               | you can generate an internal market in your country for
               | exchanging your local currency for USD.
        
             | ImJamal wrote:
             | > But no country has a gold reserve now.
             | 
             | Supposedly Zimbabwe's new currency ZiG is gold based. Not
             | sure how many people would trust them though. They don't
             | have the best experience with currency...
             | 
             | https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-68736155
        
           | graemep wrote:
           | Because you can easily and cheaply convert USD to any other
           | currency, and because it is the usual currency for
           | international trade you can use it to pay someone else.
           | 
           | Suppose a British company imports tea from Sri Lanka and
           | Kenya, blends and packages it, and exports it to retail
           | chains in multiple countries. If all the buyers pay in the
           | same currency used to pay the suppliers the British company
           | does not have to convert more to GBP than required to meet
           | its costs (and profits!) so loses less on converting currency
           | at all. The usual currency used for this is USD.
           | 
           | So rather than:
           | 
           | customers currencies -> GBP -> suppliers currencies
           | 
           | we have customers currencies -> USD -> suppliers currencies.
           | 
           | Edit: I have not explained very well in the bit immediately
           | above. The point is that the British company will not need to
           | convert the currency at all as they will be paid in USD and
           | will pay in USD. In most countries you get better rates
           | converting to USD, and its easier to hedge this way. Even
           | more so if there is a longer supply chain as then you get
           | 
           | A's currency -> B's currency -> C's currency to D's currency
           | 
           | vs
           | 
           | A's currency -> USD -> D's currency.
           | 
           | There are a few wrinkles on this in that customers may
           | already have USD accounts, and suppliers might keep some
           | money in USD, but obviously customers will be paid by their
           | customers in their own currency, and will pay their staff and
           | most other costs in their own currency.
        
           | codedokode wrote:
           | Other currencies are not always great: for example, being
           | under sanctions Russia sold oil to India for Indian rupees;
           | then it found out that you cannot simply take rupees abroad
           | or exchange and you need to invest them locally [1].
           | 
           | But I also wonder what's wrong with other currencies and why
           | they are not used more often.
           | 
           | But of course, current US move will greatly help recent
           | Russian efforts in persuading other countries to switch the
           | trade from US-controlled dollars.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.asianews.it/news-en/Delhi-pays-for-Russian-
           | oil-i...
        
             | Ray20 wrote:
             | >But I also wonder what's wrong with other currencies and
             | why they are not used more often.
             | 
             | I think that they are less stable and more controlled by
             | their countries of origin. The US has, relative to the rest
             | of the world, an exceptionally stable political system,
             | little control over the dollar, and a huge economy.
        
           | addicted wrote:
           | There are both hard and soft reasons for this.
           | 
           | Hard reason: Oil was traded in U.S. dollars. This was
           | basically built off America's status as the only open
           | superpower and its military strength.
           | 
           | Soft reasons: U.S. political stability (yeah, it's hard to
           | understand that now after the past decade, but generally the
           | U.S. has been extremely politically stable with Presidents
           | largely maintaining their predecessors foreign policy even if
           | they didn't agree with them), US company culture which is
           | much cleaner than the rest of the world (American companies
           | are far less likely to bribe, for example), and strong
           | financial institutions like the independent Fed and the
           | publishing of reliable and open data.
        
           | kkarpkkarp wrote:
           | That was the part of Bretton Woods agreement, 1944.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bretton_Woods_Conference
        
         | kortilla wrote:
         | > Since trade is conducted largely in USD, that means other
         | governments must purchase USD to trade.
         | 
         | But then they sell it back. What you're describing is not a
         | trade deficit. To produce trade deficits they need to actually
         | trade with the US. Buying forex does not do that.
         | 
         | > If trade stops occurring in US Dollar, which is a consequence
         | of the stated goal of our current ruling regime, that would be
         | the coup de grace on this country's hegemony. It is the
         | definitive end to it, and the birth of Chinese hegemony.
         | 
         | Nobody will use Chinese currency because it doesn't float and
         | it's subject to tight capital controls. Nobody in their right
         | mind would switch to that from outside of China.
         | 
         | You can argue that China could become a hegemony anyway, but
         | that is because everyone wants to trade with them, not because
         | they want to use their currency in 3rd party transactions.
        
           | tossandthrow wrote:
           | Should be understood as buying dollars for goods.
           | 
           | Also us trade is not bilateral.
           | 
           | The usd that are exported from the US, is not used to buy
           | gods from the US. They are used to buy gods from other
           | countries.
        
           | yladiz wrote:
           | I think you're somewhat missing the point, which is that the
           | collapse of the dollar as the reserve currency around the
           | world will eventually lead to default of US debt, which has
           | cascading consequences domestically and internationally. This
           | is the direction the US is heading if it really continues to
           | alienate its allies and try to "fix" its trade deficit.
           | 
           | However, the OP was wrong about the fact that China will
           | become a hegemony, for reasons like you mention, and so
           | what's likely happening isn't the change of hegemony, it's
           | the beginning of the end of the era of the American Empire
           | and to a likely a multi polar world. It's going to take
           | another world war, in some form, to create enough of a vacuum
           | to give us another superpower/hegemony like we have with the
           | US currently.
        
           | owisd wrote:
           | Foreign countries buy USD through trade. Japan needs dollars
           | for international trade so the US Treasury prints dollars and
           | gives them to Japan and in return Japan gives the US Nintendo
           | Switches or whatever. Those dollars go into the international
           | trade system and some of those dollars will just circulate
           | internationally indefinitely and won't ever make their way
           | back to the US, hence the perpetual trade deficit. This is a
           | great deal for the US because at the national level they
           | effectively got those Nintendo Switches for free.
        
             | DrFalkyn wrote:
             | It's not for free. It's in return for being under the US
             | security umbrella, which costs the US about $800 billion a
             | year
             | 
             | Of course that umbrella could soon be gone, so it would be
             | a moot point
        
               | roenxi wrote:
               | The umbrella could already be gone. There are big
               | question marks over how much the in-practice umbrella
               | looks like the Ukraine war where the US State Department
               | provokes something then Japan gets flattened in the
               | crossfire. How much should they be paying for that?
               | 
               | People are coming out of the 90s mindset where the US was
               | substantially more important than its competitors. It was
               | easily worth paying for US protection then because it was
               | obvious the US could back it up with muscle. Now the
               | calculation is a lot less clear.
        
               | thoutsnark wrote:
               | Of that 800 billion, where is the money spent? If it goes
               | to US military/industrial complex, it is basically a
               | creator of US jobs.
               | 
               | So it doesn't cost the US anything.
        
               | AlexandrB wrote:
               | This is "broken window fallacy"[1] territory. In economic
               | terms defense spending is mostly waste because a lot of
               | it doesn't get used (hopefully) or gets used to blow
               | other stuff up causing net damage. The fact that it
               | creates jobs is better than nothing, but spending the
               | same money on infrastructure would increase the future
               | productivity of the country.
               | 
               | [1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parable_of_the_broken
               | _window
        
               | Workaccount2 wrote:
               | The defense budget is a social support program that
               | conservatives will agree to. Rather than just providing
               | people a basic income and healthcare directly, they add
               | the hoop of holding down a job to access it.
               | 
               | It also is meant to keep American industry active (to
               | some degree) in case it is needed.
        
               | SJC_Hacker wrote:
               | No one else can project conventional military force
               | anywhere on the global like the US. China is getting
               | there but not quite yet. India and Russia are still
               | regional.
               | 
               | The Europeans couldn't deal with a few land pirates
               | practically in their backyard.
        
           | noduerme wrote:
           | People trade in USD because the US is the largest of large
           | economies. Everyone trading in USD understands already that
           | the US can manipulate its own currency. But they take a low-
           | risk bet that it probably would have far less incentive or
           | inclination to do so than an authoritarian state like China
           | or a small economy like Argentina. Capital flows to the US
           | because the dollar has been "safe"... it inflates, but
           | predictably slower. The Chinese regime is more than capable
           | of opening the illusion of free markets and making 50-year
           | promises not to interfere with free trade and capital,
           | tempting foreign investment, only to break those promises
           | with an iron fist.
           | 
           | Regardless of the response from China, America is showing
           | that it is irrationally willing to cede its incredible
           | advantage for no decipherable reason beyond that some
           | logarithmic curve of population idiocy has crossed the
           | already absurd hockey stick of its own national wealth. It's
           | a realtime lesson in the ancient rule dating back to the
           | fertile crescent, that civilizations destroy themselves from
           | within before they're conquered from without.
        
         | testrun wrote:
         | _This is a decapitation strike (Timothy Snyder: Decapitation
         | Strike --https://archive.is/1xkxK) on America by our enemies._
         | 
         | This was done by Trump, nobody else.
        
           | choult wrote:
           | Like GP said - America's enemies.
        
             | testrun wrote:
             | Ah, light bulb slowly going on. I was thinking Russia,
             | North Korea or China. The traditional enemies.
        
               | switch007 wrote:
               | Is Trump not their US representative in chief?
        
               | pcthrowaway wrote:
               | I agree on Russia, but wouldn't be so sure Trump isn't a
               | Russian asset.
        
           | cantrecallmypwd wrote:
           | That's an over-simplified answer. There are many people who
           | share in the blame. Him for doing it as a visible catalyst,
           | everyone who voted for him, presidential advisers who
           | recommended these disastrous policies, and those who sat idly
           | by and let the country be destroyed without acting to prevent
           | it, especially those with greater-than-ordinary power who
           | failed to act.
        
             | testrun wrote:
             | The buck stops here - Harry S Truman. He had this sign on
             | his desk when he was president.
             | 
             | Here is an explanation of what it means:
             | 
             | https://www.trumanlibrary.gov/education/trivia/buck-stops-
             | he...
        
         | csantini wrote:
         | It's typical Empire Hubris: thinking you can get away with
         | anything because you are special.
         | 
         | Trump doesn't really know what he's doing. He surrounded
         | himself with yes-men that know perfectly not to contradict him.
         | 
         | The global Dollar order was built to American advantage. Trump
         | is dismantling it for no reason. If the dollar order crumbles,
         | the US will discover it has much lower productivity.
         | 
         | There is no American exceptionalism: it's just Dollar
         | exceptionalism. No Dollar, no exceptionalism.
        
           | piokoch wrote:
           | Do you know how many taxes on many goods European Union has
           | introduced? Was that "empire hubris" as well?
        
             | csantini wrote:
             | Everyone puts taxes on some sectors. It's economic policy.
             | Trump is not doing economic policy. He's using a simple
             | formula to ideologically reduce trade deficit. No matter
             | the consequences!
             | 
             | Trust the experts: America will be poorer because of these
             | tariffs.
        
             | ta1243 wrote:
             | Why don't you enlighten us?
        
             | csantini wrote:
             | Not only America will be poorer. Everyone will be poorer
        
               | cue_the_strings wrote:
               | That's the point, people need to be poor and desperate
               | enough to fight a (world) war.
        
               | anonfordays wrote:
               | And they're backing down on just enough woke stuff due to
               | the concern about the lack of participation of checked-
               | out-of-society White men in said (world) war.
        
             | acdha wrote:
             | Why don't you show some data supporting a more clearly-
             | stated theory? All countries use economic policy, but
             | there's usually some kind of strategy involved - for
             | example, the EU has a tariff on American steel and aluminum
             | because that was retaliation from Trump's earlier tariffs.
             | Similarly, a lot of the EU agricultural duties are both
             | protecting local industries but also enforcing quality or
             | safety standards (this is also the reason for the
             | Australian beef imbalance the President mentioned: they
             | have a strict mad cow containment plan American producers
             | dont follow).
             | 
             | The American action doesn't follow a discernible strategy
             | other than the fantasy that we can somehow "win" every
             | trade relationship. That's why you see massive taxes on
             | poor countries we buy a lot of raw materials from -
             | Madagascar can't afford to buy the kind of expensive goods
             | we primarily make, but we love to buy vanilla, so that
             | trade "deficit" is both voluntary and to our mutual
             | benefit.
        
           | Gasp0de wrote:
           | Looks like he learned that from Putin, who also surrounded
           | himself with yes-men which lead to him thinking he could take
           | Ukraine in 3 days.
        
             | gns24 wrote:
             | Although it now seems as if that was massively inaccurate,
             | things were very near to turning out completely differently
             | in the first days of the war:
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QlttS0N7uVA
        
           | weatherlite wrote:
           | I agree, losing reserve currency status would make American
           | gdp / living standards to come way closer to Europe for the
           | simple fact it won't be able to permanently increase its debt
           | deficits. However its far from clear losing reserve status is
           | going to happen, sure some countries will try to diversify
           | but others are probably too tight inside the American
           | umbrella (for defense for example).
           | 
           | But yeah, surprises can happen so interesting times.
        
             | sph wrote:
             | > would make American gdp / living standards to come way
             | closer to Europe
             | 
             | Why are you making it sound like EU is a third world
             | country? Are you aware that living standards are higher in
             | many European countries than the US, right?
        
               | weatherlite wrote:
               | > Are you aware that living standards are higher in many
               | European countries than the US, right?
               | 
               | If we measure the total pie then its much smaller in
               | Europe than in the U.S (I mean total wealth/gdp per
               | capita). Only small countries like Norway or Switzerland
               | have high gdp, in France or Germany its almost 50% lower
               | than in the U.S.
               | 
               | Now the pie does not distribute equally in the U.S that's
               | true, but still, there are tons of millionaires in the
               | U.S and I mean pretty regular people (doctors, finance,
               | software devs etc) that had they lived in Europe they
               | would have been comfortable and nothing more. think
               | something like 100k Euro a year (at best) instead of 3-5
               | times as much which is what they make in the U.S. If the
               | U.S loses reserve status there just won't be enough money
               | to go around for those salaries, or if there will there
               | will be a horrible inflation, either way it just wont be
               | sustainable.
               | 
               | P.S - lots of middle class people in the so called rich
               | European countries like Germany or the Netherlands cannot
               | afford heating anymore. So no, it is definitely not third
               | world but its also not particulalrly rich. The main
               | advantage though is Europe has mostly free healthcare and
               | the U.S is an absolute mismanaged mess in that regard.
        
               | mercutio2 wrote:
               | No. They're not, anywhere in Europe. This is a mystifying
               | talking point based on wishful thinking and vastly
               | overestimating the non-monetary value of a larger social
               | safety net. The median US citizen is much, much richer.
               | The first quintile US citizen is fairly comparable to
               | first quintile Europeans in income and in-kind transfers.
               | 
               | But it is certainly the case Trump is trying to bring US
               | income down to something closer to EU levels, which will
               | hopefully cause Congress to get its spine back.
        
             | kergonath wrote:
             | > others are probably too tight inside the American
             | umbrella (for defense for example).
             | 
             | The UK is reconsidering. If the bloody UK is not confident,
             | who else would be? They might be too tight inside for now,
             | but that is a strategic weakness and it will only go one
             | way. Short of the US making it a satellite, it will only
             | loosen.
        
             | thiagoharry wrote:
             | > I agree, losing reserve currency status would make
             | American gdp / living standards to come way closer to
             | Europe
             | 
             | Why do you think that the standard of living would become
             | better after losing reserve?
        
           | re-thc wrote:
           | > thinking you can get away with anything because you are
           | special
           | 
           | Might have been the case some many years ago. Not anymore
           | with many nations not all that far behind.
        
             | Ray20 wrote:
             | >Not anymore with many nations not all that far behind.
             | 
             | Nothing has changed. The dollar simply has no alternatives.
             | The EU? After the freezing of Russian assets?
             | Uncompetitive. BRICS? Even worse, you have one dictator
             | literally controlling all monetary policy. Gold and bitcoin
             | are too volatile.
        
               | codedokode wrote:
               | What about Chinese Yuan? China seems like an economically
               | strong country with reasonable trade policy. Also, BRICS
               | has at least two dictators.
        
               | Ray20 wrote:
               | By BRICS I've mean China and the Yuan. And in China there
               | is exactly one person, who is deciding how reasonable or
               | unreasonable any policy will be tomorrow.
        
               | codedokode wrote:
               | Well, China's international policy seems to be more
               | consistent than that of a certain democratic country.
        
           | tim333 wrote:
           | Have to say I disagree there. It was American exceptionalism
           | first which then led to the dollar being popular.
        
             | ozmodiar wrote:
             | But a large degree of the exception was being excepted from
             | being blown to smithereens during WW2, which is the kind of
             | opportunity that doesn't usually come around twice.
        
               | sebastianz wrote:
               | > doesn't usually come around twice.
               | 
               | There is a _2_ in WW2 :)
               | 
               | Sadly looking at history these "opportunities" come
               | around quite regularly.
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | > which is the kind of opportunity that doesn't usually
               | come around twice.
               | 
               | On the contrary, it most definitely did come around twice
               | (hence the 2), and those same geographic advantages are
               | still at play, barring thermonuclear war. It wasn't pure
               | chance that Europe combusted in WW2, Europe had been on
               | fire off and on for hundreds of years. Its geography just
               | lends itself to large scale conflict.
               | 
               | The recent period of peace is an exception, but it's not
               | the first exception and there's good reason to suppose
               | this one won't last forever either.
        
               | vladms wrote:
               | I could say the same about the period of peace in the USA
               | which is only from 1865 (Edit: 1865 is the civil war, but
               | thought hey let's look, and it seems there were conflicts
               | with Indians up to 1924!) . It is an exception, because
               | before that it was "the wild west", with various
               | conflicts around.
               | 
               | And not sure how this will play out long term, I don't
               | get an impression that USA states are so aligned on
               | everything.
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | > I could say the same about the period of peace in the
               | USA which is only from 1865
               | 
               | You can't really compare a period of 160 years to a
               | period of 80, especially given that there's war in Europe
               | once again so the streak is already broken.
               | 
               | 80 years is actually shorter than the gap between the
               | Napoleonic wars and WW1 (~100 years), and only represents
               | one generation that lived and died without a local war.
               | On the other hand, 160 years out of 249 is 64% of the
               | existence of the US spent in one continuous period of no
               | widespread local conflict, and represents 5 generations
               | that were born and died without any war on their
               | doorstep. How is that an exception?
        
               | vladms wrote:
               | > Europe had been on fire off and on for hundreds of
               | years.
               | 
               | The point was that armed conflicts also happened on North
               | American soil (even if consider only USA soil) for long
               | time, so not so different for what happened in Europe.
               | The last period of peace is as much an exception for one
               | as it is for the other given a significant part of the
               | history of the continents.
               | 
               | Also, if we think of countries, there were various
               | European countries that did not participate in or had
               | fights on their territory, during neither WWI or WWII
               | (Ireland, Sweden, Switzerland, Portugal, Spain) and some
               | of those did not have a war on their soil for similar as
               | USA ...
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | > The last period of peace is as much an exception for
               | one as it is for the other given a significant part of
               | the history of the continents.
               | 
               | But... it's not. 160 years of straight uninterrupted time
               | without total war out of 250 makes no-total-war the norm,
               | not the exception. >50% of the last 250 years have been
               | spent in one continuous period of people not having to
               | wonder if bombs would be falling on their heads today.
               | 
               | That's totally different than Europe, whose longest gap
               | between total war was the 100-year gap between Napoleon
               | and WW1.
               | 
               | > Also, if we think of countries, ... some of those did
               | not have a war on their soil for similar as USA
               | 
               | Yes, but those are each the size of a US state, so
               | unsurprisingly didn't lead to them taking the place of
               | world superpower.
               | 
               | If you're going to be criticizing my argument it would be
               | helpful to keep in mind that I was replying to this:
               | 
               | > But a large degree of the exception was being excepted
               | from being blown to smithereens during WW2, which is the
               | kind of opportunity that doesn't usually come around
               | twice.
               | 
               | You're taking things in totally different directions that
               | aren't relevant to the question of how often the US will
               | continue to be the largest Western country with no threat
               | of total war on domestic soil.
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | Since you edited to reply to my comment I'm stuck leaving
               | a second reply: the conflicts with Indians were not at
               | all the same as the kind of total war we're talking about
               | with the wars of religion, Napoleonic Wars, and the World
               | Wars. The subject of this thread is wars that lead to
               | mass destruction of national power and lead to other
               | countries taking the lead.
               | 
               | For future reference, it makes for much easier reading if
               | you just reply to me instead of editing your comment to
               | respond. This isn't a Notion doc, it's a forum, and I'm
               | not leaving feedback on an artifact, I'm engaging you in
               | a discussion.
        
               | cpursley wrote:
               | Big beautiful oceans
        
           | asmor wrote:
           | > He surrounded himself with yes-men that know perfectly not
           | to contradict him.
           | 
           | Stephen Miran is believed by some to be the "mastermind"
           | behind this. I'm not sure Trump has ever had a singular
           | original idea.
        
         | anoncow wrote:
         | Time to learn Mandarin
        
           | thaumasiotes wrote:
           | Ran Hou Ni ?
        
         | piokoch wrote:
         | Yes... and no. Having own currency as a global reserve currency
         | has its disadvantages too. For instance it keeps value of the
         | currency high, what makes whole USA production noncompetitive.
         | USA exports two things: internet services (all those Googles,
         | Facebooks, etc.) and military equipment.
         | 
         | The problem is that internet services are making rich small
         | group of people (owners, software engineers), military
         | production is a niche, so there is a big group of people who
         | lose jobs, are on low paying positions, as being, say, a car
         | factory worker, does not bring enough money. Those people voted
         | Trump, so Trump is trying to solve their issue by bringing back
         | production back to USA, and the way to do this is twofold: make
         | USD weaker and make foreign goods more expensive.
         | 
         | All this was not a problem till early '00, when USA didn't have
         | much competition (basically Western Europe and Japan), but the
         | times has changed and USA is seeing that. BTW this is not a
         | Trump thing, Obama, Biden administrations were also noticing
         | that and taking actions, like (in)famous Obama reset with
         | Russia to be able to expand trade over there. "Pivot" to Asia -
         | failed Biden project of Indo-Pacific, that was supposed to
         | convince Vietnam and others to follow USA job regulations, what
         | would make their products more expensive. Surprisingly, they
         | told Biden to go away...
         | 
         | Another thing is that for years USA was in a sense donating
         | European industry, for instance taxes on European cars in USA
         | were 2%, while taxes on American cars in Europe (that is
         | European Union) were 10%. Trump puts this to an end.
        
           | munjak wrote:
           | >Another thing is that for years USA was in a sense donating
           | European industry,
           | 
           | Sure and Europe is not at all donating to US arms industry or
           | to US tech sector? Europe is pretty liberal about letting US
           | dominate those domains inside the EU, without opposing that.
           | Plus in geopolitics it simply follows the US, that's sort of
           | been the deal.
           | 
           | Seems like this US leadership thinks it can both have its
           | cake and eat it.
        
             | ilikerashers wrote:
             | Tech giants have no competition in Europe and no capital to
             | do so. In some ways, what Trump is doing is a call to arms
             | for the EU to kick their economies into shape. We've been
             | stuck in 0 growth for years, the UK is in a 0 growth trap
             | since the GFC.
        
           | codedokode wrote:
           | > For instance it keeps value of the currency high, what
           | makes whole USA production noncompetitive.
           | 
           | But devaluation of the currency will hurt people who have
           | savings in this currency, and cause higher inflation, right?
           | On the other hand, paying back loans and mortgages becomes
           | much easier.
        
             | HPsquared wrote:
             | More people are in debt than have savings, the government
             | itself included. Populism (of both left and right
             | varieties) is surely associated with inflation.
        
           | rini17 wrote:
           | You conveniently omitted the 25% tax on European light trucks
           | and SUVs in the US. Which is the biggest car market segment.
        
             | mdemare wrote:
             | The US has levied a 25% tax on imported light trucks since
             | 1964, and 2.5% on passenger cars. The EU levies a 10%
             | import tax on all cars from the US.
        
         | short_sells_poo wrote:
         | The Pax Americana died during the first week of the Trump
         | administration when he proceeded to turn on practically every
         | single one of US' long standing allies and dissolve NATO for
         | all intents and purposes. All the soft power disappeared right
         | there.
         | 
         | Perhaps the world will be better for it in the end, but it's
         | definitely a turning point. A new world order will emerge and
         | America won't be at the helm.
        
           | ozmodiar wrote:
           | I'd feel a lot better about it if more countries held values
           | of free speech and democracy. If mainland China were like
           | Taiwan, great. Unfortunately I fear those might just end up
           | being viewed as instruments of America's decline.
        
         | red_admiral wrote:
         | So much for making America great again. It looks like they're
         | doing the exact opposite.
        
           | tobr wrote:
           | Looking forward to "great" as in "great recession".
        
             | saulpw wrote:
             | Make Another Great Depression
        
           | raverbashing wrote:
           | Not surprising from someone who could bankrupt a casino
        
             | stockerta wrote:
             | A casino? Didn't he bankrupt like 3 casinos?
        
               | azan_ wrote:
               | It was four.
        
               | op00to wrote:
               | Look at Atlantic City. Trump (among others) did that to
               | that city. That is what the US will become. It is heart
               | breaking.
        
           | tim333 wrote:
           | Make America a great mess.
        
           | latentcall wrote:
           | Good. Time for this idea to die finally.
        
         | lapcat wrote:
         | > This is a decapitation strike on America by our enemies.
         | 
         | > if foreign governments spend money, they can elect their
         | preferred candidates.
         | 
         | > We institute regime change in other counties, and I see no
         | reason to believe we are immune.
         | 
         | Do we really need such conspiracy theories? There's a much more
         | mundane explanation, which is well-documented:
         | 
         | "Trump's Love for Tariffs Began in Japan's '80s Boom"
         | https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/15/us/politics/china-trade-d...
         | 
         | "Allies and historians say that his admiration of tariffs is
         | one of his longest and most deeply held policy positions."
         | 
         | In the 1980s, Russia still had a state-run socialist economy,
         | and China was just beginning to grow (albeit quickly) after its
         | 1978 economic reforms. These countries did not purchase Donald
         | Trump's policies.
         | 
         | If you're concerned about foreign influence and foreign money
         | in American elections, you should be much more worried about
         | Australian Rupert Murdoch, for example, who founded Fox News,
         | or South African Elon Musk, who just spent a whopping $250
         | million to elect Donald Trump and is now personally dismantling
         | the US government (although Musk's money didn't help in the
         | local Wisconsin election), or Israel, which has had one of the
         | most powerful and well-financed lobbies in Washington for
         | decades.
        
         | Juliate wrote:
         | > This is a decapitation strike [...] on America by our
         | enemies.
         | 
         | From within. Make no mistake: whatever influence has been or is
         | behind, this is entirely driven by USA citizens.
        
           | sph wrote:
           | My long term wish is in 40 years, after civil wars/world war
           | and rebuilding efforts, that we discover a better alternative
           | to democracy; we have gone all in on it the past 200+ years
           | and is utterly exploitable in the information age, as the
           | populace gets less informed and more malleable to any
           | malicious actor. It is a pretty fatal problem if the success
           | of your government model depends on citizens not being total
           | idiots.
           | 
           | My anarchist wish is that we figure out that large states
           | have large benefits but also very large downsides. A country
           | as big as many Western countries have simply no business
           | existing, as they are unworkable. How is it realistic to have
           | a functional government for 300 something millions souls and
           | an area the size of the United States?
        
             | AlexandrB wrote:
             | > A country as big as many Western countries have simply no
             | business existing, as they are unworkable.
             | 
             | I don't know why you would single out western countries
             | when China and India make most of them look like tiny.
        
         | musha68k wrote:
         | I wonder which nations are truly "antifragile" to similar
         | takeovers?
         | 
         | The U.S. seems especially vulnerable with its limiting two-
         | party bias, among other factors.
         | 
         | I'd argue that the level of education of the general populace
         | in (still) functioning democratic countries might be the prime
         | mitigation factor.
         | 
         | Based on this, if I were placing bets on prediction markets,
         | I'd wager that e.g. Finland would be among the last to succumb.
        
           | ljm wrote:
           | It would also help to have a population without a deep-seated
           | beef going back to the civil war. You arguably have two
           | separate 'America's split down that historical line that
           | might not ever see eye-to-eye and, just like the US itself
           | has installed dictators or favourable governments by funding
           | disruption abroad, it is open to be exploited the same way.
        
             | p3rls wrote:
             | Albion's rotten seed was never unified as one. Seeing the
             | civil war as some unique historical genesis of the split--
             | instead of a national shotgun-wedding of sorts is
             | completely backwards.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | It wasn't much of a shotgun wedding. Yes, it was a common
               | enemy/cause during the revolution, but then took years of
               | debate for the constitution and years more for the bill
               | of rights. Over time, we've forced more and more
               | homogeneous (federal) laws. The more laws you pass, the
               | more likely people are affected in the outgroups under
               | the splits you mentioned and it compounds. All the
               | concerns about states rights and small states being less
               | powerful are still concerns for some groups of people
               | today. We've essentially been eroding the initial status
               | quo that had been agreed upon.
        
               | p3rls wrote:
               | Personally I think calling it a shotgun wedding is one of
               | my best metaphors of the week and perfectly evokes what I
               | was going for. Contemporaries from like Lincoln's 2nd
               | inaugural of course would call it finer things, like a
               | national baptism etc. but shotgun wedding captures the
               | borderer element, too. I like it and stand by it.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Oh, you mean re-unification after the civil war. Sure, I
               | can see that. I though you meant the initial creation of
               | the country.
        
             | giantg2 wrote:
             | It's not really split down the historical line of north and
             | south. What you are actually seeing are urbanization rates,
             | with more urbanization in the north east (this was true and
             | a factor during the civil war too). You can look at the
             | county level voting maps to see this exists in the north
             | too. If you look at only state level maps, then you lose
             | that precision. It's not a north vs south thing, it's and
             | urban vs rural thing.
        
               | griffzhowl wrote:
               | I think there might be something to it: if you look at
               | the correlation between commitment to maga beliefs and
               | affection for the confederate flag, my guess is it would
               | be fairly high
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | You might be surprised how many confederate flags are
               | flown in rural Union states. You'd probably have an even
               | higher correlation with the Gadsen. Weak correlations are
               | everywhere, we're looking for the strongest, which
               | appears to be urban vs rural.
        
           | tim333 wrote:
           | You can look at countries that have remained democratically
           | stable for a long time. The UK and Switzerland come to mind.
           | I live in the UK and we have an odd system that I used to
           | consider a bit of a gimmick for the tourists to take photos
           | of but appreciate more these days. Basically the fact that we
           | have a king but with severely curtailed powers delegated to
           | the elected folk makes it very hard for one of them to
           | appoint themselves effectively king, especially as the
           | military all swear allegiance to the actual king (or queen).
           | 
           | It's partly effective because they system wasn't really
           | designed but evolved out of a lot of bloody power battles,
           | going back to at least 1215
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magna_Carta
           | 
           | I used to think it was silly but if you look at rival
           | European powers they had Russia with Stalin, Hitler in
           | Germany, Napoleon in France, Franco in Spain, Mussolini in
           | Italy etc. The UK is one of the very few which avoided having
           | a dictator.
           | 
           | [Edit - I was kind of talking about the wrong thing -
           | avoiding dictators rather than Trump types]
        
             | barrkel wrote:
             | The UK already had a populist takeover - Brexit.
        
               | tim333 wrote:
               | I guess. I was thinking more of dictatorship rather than
               | populists getting voted in. We may well get Farage voted
               | in some time.
        
               | ozmodiar wrote:
               | With Brexit and now this I've been thinking that if
               | someone out there is intentionally trying to dismantle
               | the 5 Eyes they're doing a bang up job of it. Step 1
               | appeal to their nationalistic or even imperial senses to
               | make sure they piss everyone else off, step 2 stoke some
               | internal grievance politics, step 3 get them to unload an
               | entire AR15 magazine into their leg (to paraphrase Dril).
        
               | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
               | Brexit and Trump are both proxy wars of subversion, with
               | traitorous support from a cadre of extreme reactionaries
               | in both countries spending huge sums on social and trad
               | media to manipulate public opinion in a self-harming
               | direction.
               | 
               | It's very impressive in its way.
               | 
               | Although the winners won't get to enjoy their victory for
               | long, because climate change is going to roll right over
               | everything over the next few decades.
        
               | AlexandrB wrote:
               | Yes, extreme reactionaries like the United Auto Workers
               | union who showed up in some quantity at the tariff show
               | last night.
               | 
               | The reality is "left wing" parties have completely
               | abandoned their traditional working class demographic -
               | both through encouraging manufacturing to be offshored
               | and allowing in mass unskilled labor to compete with
               | them. During the Bush era I thought working class folks
               | were voting against their self interest when they voted
               | Republican. That's not the case anymore.
               | 
               | It's convenient to try to play this off as some kind of
               | foreign influence thing, but the Democrats did this to
               | themselves.
        
               | Flozzin wrote:
               | While there is a lot of good thoughts about what the
               | democrat party did wrong to lose the last election. I
               | feel your comment places all the blame on them. They did
               | not force republicans to go down this road. This is not
               | the inevitable outcome of a broken democrat party. The
               | republicans went down this road, and so did their voters.
               | They chose this, many times. There were many
               | opportunities for the republican party to rid itself of
               | this ideology but they chose power.
               | 
               | So yes, the democrat party has had many failings over the
               | past decade if not more, but that doesn't make this a
               | binary choice between Trumpian policies and democrat
               | failings.
        
               | sph wrote:
               | It's been known since the 2000s that it is in Russia's
               | best interests to weaken the UK-EU link. Russia was a
               | major contributor to the Brexit cause, but it seems this
               | topic quickly gets swept under the rug by British
               | parties, red or blue.
        
               | galangalalgol wrote:
               | That is because both were manipulated and ashamed of it.
               | Russia is too sophisticated to play just one side. They
               | have centuries of experience playing various ethnicities
               | within russia against each other to maintain control. In
               | the 2016 US election, Russia would have had a strong plan
               | either way, what the alternative would have been and if
               | would have succeeded, who knows, but it is note worthy
               | how many members of the US administration, including its
               | head, were formerly democrats.
        
             | Maken wrote:
             | Oliver Cromwell doesn't count?
        
               | GardenLetter27 wrote:
               | And all the kings? Henry VIII for a start.
        
             | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
             | The UK has a monarchy with severely curtailed _official_
             | powers. But it 's a front. The UK is effectively run by the
             | Crown, and the aristocrats have huge land, property, and
             | investment/financial empires, own all the main media
             | outlets, and set policy through their clients in the
             | political system.
             | 
             | The aristocrats are narcissistic, shockingly racist, and
             | often rather stupid - good at tactics like manipulating
             | elections and news cycles, but contemptuous of most of the
             | population, and clueless about how to build an economy
             | based on growth and invention instead of rent-seeking and
             | extraction.
        
           | amunozo wrote:
           | Switzerland. Power is extremelly distributed between
           | municipalities, cantons and, in the Federal Government, there
           | are 7 equal ministers. The system is not only robust by
           | definition, but encourage dialogue and citizens participation
           | in politics at every level through popular vote, educating
           | people during centuries.
        
           | giantg2 wrote:
           | It's more likely to be related to culture and political
           | structure than education is my guess. Unless, maybe, we want
           | to use a different definition for education than just degree
           | attainment. For example, Finland has lower attainment rates
           | for bachelor degree equivalents than the US. This would seem
           | to disprove your point.
           | 
           | The real issue is the two party split and urbanized
           | distribution. The way the voting works and the structure of
           | the houses means that once you reach about 85% urbanization
           | the rural areas won't matter. We can see this at many state
           | levels that mimic national political structure. We have
           | multiple nations within our county, with the biggest divide
           | probably being between urban and rural. So all you have you
           | have to do is promise the rural group who feels they are
           | increasingly marginalized a candidate who will look out for
           | their interest. The specifics of those promises don't really
           | matter because in the 2 party system it's us vs them more
           | than actual policy positions. You will find a much bigger
           | difference looking at the urbanization based metrics than you
           | will at the roughly 10pt difference in who people with
           | bachelor degrees voted for.
           | 
           | Edit: why disagree?
        
             | CharlieDigital wrote:
             | Don't know why the disagree, but this is a real problem and
             | plagues the House of Representatives which then allows
             | actually incompetent but loud candidates like Greene and
             | Boebert to vote on important and serious legislation.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | If these individuals are exceptions and the rest are
               | competent, then there should be minimal impact beyond
               | creating a side show. As a tiny minority, they wouldn't
               | have any real sway in the bill construction within their
               | party, especially if it has any chance of passing. The
               | split between the parties is usually narrow, so the
               | representatives with the most potential to influence
               | passing legislation are the ones near the center margins
               | as they may vote against party lines and provide a bigger
               | base of support. The reps near the outside margins tend
               | to have less influence. Even if they sway some stuff
               | during the creation of the bill, it's stuff that likely
               | has to get ripped out to find enough support to pass into
               | a law.
               | 
               | But if things are passing by only 1 or 2 votes anyways,
               | where anyone 1 persons vote is a major deciding factor,
               | that's an indication of a bigger issue. Such a divide
               | means that half the country feels they are getting
               | screwed and there was little compromise to include their
               | concerns.
        
               | CharlieDigital wrote:
               | > If these individuals are exceptions and the rest are
               | competent
               | 
               | I've got news for you, then!
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | If they're the average, then why call them out as
               | specific examples?
        
               | pixl97 wrote:
               | Not exactly. The house of representatives should be much
               | much larger than it is.
               | 
               | The same thing with the senate too. Current senate setup
               | gives a lot of power to empty land.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | "Current senate setup gives a lot of power to empty
               | land."
               | 
               | That's the entire premise that got the smaller colonies
               | to sign on. It's a feature, not a bug.
        
               | pixl97 wrote:
               | I mean, owning slaves was a feature at one time. Features
               | change with time.
        
             | jabl wrote:
             | > For example, Finland has lower attainment rates for
             | bachelor degree equivalents than the US. This would seem to
             | disprove your point.
             | 
             | In Finland, most university students go for a master's
             | degree. A bachelor's degree is often seen as sort-of a
             | safety valve, if it turns out you didn't have what it takes
             | to complete the full master's degree. So you get at least
             | some sort of degree from having been to university rather
             | than just having your high school diploma as your highest
             | official educational achievement.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Even if we look at just masters, Finland is only slightly
               | ahead a 16% vs the US 12%. But using this sort or logic,
               | then why not compare doctorate degrees, for which the US
               | has 2% attainment vs Finland's 1%? To me it seems like
               | drawing random line to fit the narrative when I don't see
               | anything in the degree metrics that points to Finland
               | being more educated. We could use different metrics, such
               | as some sort of test, or test scores at the secondary
               | level to say Finland has a better education or education
               | system (we'd have to see the numbers to verify, but I
               | wouldn't be surprised).
        
               | jabl wrote:
               | I have no interest in a one country vs. another country
               | pissing match, just pointing out that (arbitrarily)
               | selecting the bachelor degree as some kind of metric
               | might be highly misleading, at least in the case of
               | Finland.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Except we just looked at the numbers and showed it
               | doesn't appear to be misleading. I was merely responding
               | to the person stating they would bet that Finland would
               | be the last democracy to decay due to education. But it
               | seems the educational attainment is roughly equal. I also
               | called out that other metrics might be better indicators,
               | both if we were using education and if we were looking at
               | other factors like culture.
        
             | JKCalhoun wrote:
             | My only issue with your comment is it seems to blame a two-
             | party system. It is my understanding/belief though that a
             | two-party system is just inevitable in the U.S. When a 3rd
             | party has risen it acts only as a spoiler to the party it
             | is most aligned with.
        
               | jvanderbot wrote:
               | With increased granularity of representation, you can
               | have more parties. Breaking The Two Party Doom Loop
               | discussed details.
               | 
               | Our country has not increased the number of
               | representatives sufficiently to allow local issues to
               | reach national stage, so instead we all worry about
               | national issues over local ones, for one example.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Most local issues shouldn't be handled nationally due to
               | the diverse perspectives. That's pretty much the whole
               | point of the (largely ignored) 10th amendment.
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | Why does that make it inaccurate to blame the two party
               | system? The two party system causes the problem, but that
               | doesn't mean something else can't cause the two party
               | system.
        
               | JKCalhoun wrote:
               | Yeah, not inaccurate ... maybe _loaded_? I wasn 't really
               | refuting the point, merely responding to why OP may have
               | been getting downvotes. Sometimes words can suggest a
               | bias and people may respond to that.
        
               | viraptor wrote:
               | It's only as inevitable as the current voting system. If
               | it changed to some kind of ranked choice, new parties
               | would quickly gain representation.
        
               | JKCalhoun wrote:
               | To be sure. But here we are.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | A third party has never had enough support to really be
               | viable. Nor have we had multiple alternative parties with
               | viable support. Right now it's all or nothing. If you had
               | multiple new options with nuanced positions (even just
               | filling the quadrants of social/fiscal
               | conservative/liberal), then people could have real
               | options. I admit this is unlikely under the current
               | structure. However, it could take shape with structural
               | changes to the voting process. Yes, even with some of its
               | negatives, ranked choice might be one possible road to
               | multiple mainstream parties.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | > A third party has never had enough support to really be
               | viable
               | 
               | The republicans were a third party. Granted the old Whig
               | party was seeing significant troubles, but they still
               | were a third party and thus prove you wrong. 3 parties
               | are not viable, but third parties are.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Sure, I should have qualified in the past 100 years, or
               | modern times, or whatever. The political environment, the
               | modes of information, types of issues, and even the
               | culture has drastically changed since the Republicans
               | surpassed the Whigs. It's not really an applicable
               | example to the modern scenarios.
        
             | wkat4242 wrote:
             | > It's more likely to be related to culture and political
             | structure than education is my guess. Unless, maybe, we
             | want to use a different definition for education than just
             | degree attainment. For example, Finland has lower
             | attainment rates for bachelor degree equivalents than the
             | US. This would seem to disprove your point.
             | 
             | The university educated are the top. Politics is not about
             | the top few percent, it's about the masses. At this the US
             | education system is really bad, especially in poorer areas.
        
           | adrianN wrote:
           | The allies tried to make Germany robust against this.
        
           | pembrook wrote:
           | Doesn't matter how intelligent or educated or homogenous
           | culturally the Finns are...if Russia were to decide to
           | invade.
           | 
           | Domestic political antifragility means nothing if you're not
           | anti-fragile in terms of the outside world.
           | 
           | It's called the anarchic global system for a reason. The only
           | thing enforcing norms is power and the fear of it.
           | 
           | Antifragility would be the EU finally forming a real union.
           | As someone living in Finland, I'm not holding my breath that
           | happens in our lifetimes. If you take a sample of average,
           | non-cosmopolitan Europeans, they can barely even communicate
           | with each other in the same language. Let alone come to
           | agreements on who's going to pay for each others bloated
           | social welfare expectations.
           | 
           | The EU is the very definition of Fragility. While Finland has
           | made far more rational decisions than its EU neighbors
           | (having correctly prioritized energy security, military, and
           | technology), it doesn't matter because size is more
           | important.
        
             | tcfhgj wrote:
             | > made far more rational decisions than its EU neighbors
             | (having correctly prioritized energy security, military,
             | and technology
             | 
             | Because there is one objectively correct way to prioritize
             | /s
        
               | pembrook wrote:
               | I would argue everything else sits downstream from those
               | things. It would be quite an understatement to say they
               | are...somewhat important...in the continued existence of
               | a country.
               | 
               | So objectively, there is a correct way to prioritize
               | those items if we're talking about being antifragile.
               | People like to forget the Russian invasion of Ukraine
               | actually started in 2014.
               | 
               | But again, the inability of the EU to agree on even a
               | common set of values is why we never have to worry EU
               | countries will start seriously integrating with each
               | other. We will remain disjointed sitting ducks as we are
               | in love with our early 1900s romantic ethno-nationalist
               | movement stories of who we are.
        
             | graemep wrote:
             | You are right, but the problem with turning the EU into a
             | real union is that it is very difficult and risky. The
             | creation of new nations and new identities more often than
             | not leads to violence - and they are often formed by war.
             | 
             | Yes, the EU is fragile, but I think trying to fix it that
             | way would be worse.
             | 
             | I think 1) the rich democracies in Europe are unlikely to
             | go to war with each other and 2) have good reason to unite
             | against common threats so I think a military alliance is
             | military alliance makes sense.
             | 
             | Yes, we already have NATO but the US is going to be ever
             | more focused on China, and Russia is not the threat the
             | Soviet union was so a new military alliance focused on
             | Russia and securing the Atlantic (the latter in cooperation
             | with the US) makes a lot of sense. Obviously different
             | countries have different interests (the Atlantic is a lot
             | more important to the UK than it is to most others) but
             | also enough in common.
        
             | wkat4242 wrote:
             | Our diversity is not fragility. It makes things harder to
             | arrange but it also keeps them fair. There is no chance of
             | some president/party getting voted into office and making
             | unilateral decisions that screw everybody. Like you know,
             | the US. Or the UK with Brexit. In Europe the diversity
             | keeps that from happening.
             | 
             | It also combats exceptionalism, that "Our nation is the
             | greatest ever!" kinda stuff. Because in Europe we know
             | we're not a nation but an alliance. That we need others to
             | survive.
             | 
             | And remember that Finland didn't even bother joining NATO
             | until Russia invaded Ukraine, if they thought it was so
             | important to be together as a big bloc, this would have
             | been the first step.
             | 
             | Ps: if the other countries in Europe didn't agree with
             | Finland's smart decisions, how do you think these decisions
             | would come to pass if Europe was one big country? Because
             | the people wanting those would be in the minority. You
             | would have very little input to the whole. And no chance to
             | decide them yourself as you currently do.
        
               | pembrook wrote:
               | "Diversity" is a nice positive spin on what is an
               | extremely fragmented/disjointed/nonexistent energy
               | policy, military strategy, technological cooperation,
               | consumer markets, etc. Like I said, the average European
               | cannot converse with his/her neighbor even at a 1st grade
               | level in a common language. These are obviously not
               | strengths in the context of the current international
               | order, and to try to brush that away with platitudes is
               | to live outside of reality.
               | 
               | If the EU had a cohesive strategy on these things, you
               | can 100% guarantee Russia wouldn't be starting wars along
               | its borders. Russia is a small, weak economy compared to
               | a theoretical unified EU (the irony of that phrase!)
               | 
               | Also, the reason Finland didn't join NATO before is not
               | because Finland felt they were so strong on their own.
               | It's because Finland didn't want to piss off Russia in
               | the slightest way and end up like Ukraine. An inability
               | to make formal alignments comes from a position of
               | weakness, not strength.
        
               | wkat4242 wrote:
               | > "Diversity" is a nice positive spin on what is an
               | extremely fragmented/disjointed/nonexistent energy
               | policy, military strategy, technological cooperation,
               | consumer markets, etc. Like I said, the average European
               | cannot converse with his/her neighbor even at a 1st grade
               | level in a common language. These are obviously not
               | strengths in the context of the current international
               | order, and to try to brush that away with platitudes is
               | to live outside of reality.
               | 
               | I don't think we should be a geopolitical strongman like
               | America though. The world has seen enough of America oil
               | police. Blowing up half the middle east under the guise
               | of 'freedom' and leaving power vacuums that caused
               | nasties to bubble up like ISIS. Which hurt Europe a lot
               | more than it did the US (think mass refugee exodus,
               | attacks etc). They caused these problems.
               | 
               | I think it's great that Europe has more ideals than just
               | money. We still care about all our citizens, not the top
               | 0,01% that has all the money.
               | 
               | > If the EU had a cohesive strategy on these things, you
               | can 100% guarantee Russia wouldn't be starting wars along
               | its borders. Russia is a small, weak economy compared to
               | a theoretical unified EU (the irony of that phrase!)
               | 
               | Well especially because we don't have a good nuclear
               | deterrent. And this is nothing new. Putin has been
               | massacring ex-soviet states during all of his career.
               | Checznia, Georgia etc. But nobody gave a crap in Europe.
               | Part of this is that the EU had their designs on Ukraine
               | also and this is why we suddenly care. I don't like this
               | expansionist EU. Yes, I do think the Ukrainians should be
               | helped and they should be free to choose who to align
               | with. But it's a bit hypocritical that we didn't help the
               | others before them.
               | 
               | For the nuclear deterrent we should have worked on that
               | more but America was always against that and they assured
               | they would protect us. Clearly now we can stop trusting
               | them. Even after Trump I don't think relations will ever
               | be the same because we know there can always be another
               | Trump.
               | 
               | But with a deterrent we will be fine. Putin is not going
               | to invade Poland if he knows Moscow will be nuked the
               | same day.
               | 
               | > Also, the reason Finland didn't join NATO before is not
               | because Finland felt they were so strong on their own.
               | It's because Finland didn't want to piss off Russia in
               | the slightest way and end up like Ukraine. An inability
               | to make formal alignments comes from a position of
               | weakness, not strength.
               | 
               | So, in other words appeasement. Which is something that
               | you are accusing the EU of now.
               | 
               | I just don't think you can expect the strongman EU to
               | emerge and there are many people like myself that don't
               | want that to happen.
               | 
               | Also, military blocs (NATO) and economic (EU) are very
               | different things. After NATO we should just form a new
               | military one.
        
           | musha68k wrote:
           | Expanding on this, Vlad Vexler offers a broader framework
           | here:
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/live/hgPGPZRQdaU?si=4W0z1vkk2bfnueJZ
           | 
           | His analysis complements the crucial discussions elsewhere in
           | this thread about the economic details (reserve currency
           | risks, the tariff math) and specific geopolitical impacts, by
           | focusing on the political drivers; the nature of post-truth
           | populism, underlying societal weaknesses, the challenge of
           | maintaining civic coherence in the midst of it all, etc.
        
           | niemandhier wrote:
           | Germany. The country was designed to be incredibly hard to
           | takeover from the inside.
           | 
           | Central government is weak, even if AFD would takeover the
           | chancellorship there are few measures that would immediately
           | allow them to intervene in the federal states or ,,Lander",
           | much much less than in the US e.g. unless there is war there
           | is no way to use the military to force compliance.
           | 
           | You would have to take over the country 17 times, and since
           | the elections are not synchronised you would have to convince
           | everybody all the time that this is good idea.
           | 
           | Individual German federal states could be taken over much
           | easier, Thuringia probably will be the first in 2028.
           | 
           | The biggest weakness than is that the legal prosecution on
           | German federal state level is under control of the executive
           | and could be used to prosecute political adversaries. But if
           | this goes to far the remaining parts of the country could
           | vote to takeover the executive if there was a breach of the
           | constitution.
        
         | karmasimida wrote:
         | There is no American hegemony in this current day and age.
         | Probably dead like 15 years ago.
         | 
         | Say what you well regarding Trump, he understands this.
         | 
         | Trump is a smart man to spot problems, but he surely didn't
         | know how to do it in a way that doesn't lead to self harm. He
         | crazes for a bombastic firework that demands for all and any
         | attention.
         | 
         | The US version of capitalistic economy has driven its internal
         | inequality to the point the political system can no longer
         | sustain it, while in the meantime, doesn't have an established
         | social safe net, as major European countries have. So the
         | populace elected Trump to root it up.
         | 
         | It is absurd, it is ridiculous, but deep down it is logical.
         | Weird and dangerous time ahead.
        
           | rokkamokka wrote:
           | I can't imagine any person having listened to Trump even once
           | would in good faith claim he is a smart man
        
             | karmasimida wrote:
             | If he isn't a smart man, he can't be US president TWICE. Or
             | being book smart is irrelevant. He didn't talk the way the
             | political class prefers for sure, but it doesn't matter.
             | 
             | I judge things by outcomes, even Trump doesn't lack any
             | credentials.
        
               | stockerta wrote:
               | Trump isn't smart, he is an idiot, but an useful tool to
               | others so they made sure he gets elected a second time.
        
               | hjgjhyuhy wrote:
               | Yep, people behind Trump are the ones we should pay
               | attention to. They are the ones with long term plans.
        
               | lonelyasacloud wrote:
               | Rats and cockroaches are great survivors; neither are
               | particularly smart.
        
               | WinstonSmith84 wrote:
               | The analogy is good but you picked up the wrong example.
               | Rats are quite intelligent
               | https://www.burgesspetcare.com/blog/rats/how-intelligent-
               | are...
        
               | ttw44 wrote:
               | "You don't need to pass an IQ test to be in the Senate."
        
               | mandeepj wrote:
               | > If he isn't a smart man, he can't be US president
               | TWICE.
               | 
               | or, maybe those who voted for him are dumber than him!!
               | 
               | Getting a job, aka campaigning in elections, is very
               | different from knowing how to do the job! During the 2024
               | campaign, he told everyone whatever they wanted to hear--
               | cheap prices on day 1, a reduction in inflation, home
               | loans, and the end of wars. He fooled and lied to
               | everyone. Burnt by high prices, people trusted him. Sure,
               | he could be called "smart" to con the voters, but still
               | too DUMB to understand how the government works
               | especially in the US. Every day, he picks a new fight
               | with someone :-)
        
         | theropost wrote:
         | My take on all this is that everyone seems focused on the U.S.
         | dollar's dominance, the empire, trade deficits, and exchange
         | rates. And sure, there's some validity to that, but the real
         | issue, or really the real goal, is getting people back to work.
         | 
         | You might not see it, and maybe I don't fully see it either,
         | but as office workers, bureaucrats, and technologists staring
         | at screens all day, we've lost sight of the fact that America
         | no longer produces like it used to. Yes, there are still people
         | out there working with their hands, feeding the country, and
         | running small industries. But broadly speaking, the U.S. relies
         | heavily on other countries for complex manufacturing -- for
         | actual building. Shipbuilding is just one obvious example. A
         | lot of critical industries have withered to the point where
         | they can't even meet domestic demand, let alone compete
         | globally. Meanwhile, other countries are pushing forward in
         | tech, producing better, more efficient, more productive
         | products -- and pulling ahead.
         | 
         | It's not happening all at once. It's a slow decay. Generational
         | knowledge industrial skills, trades, machinists are all fading.
         | And when those go, the backbone of resilience and self-
         | sufficiency starts to collapse. A nation that can't produce
         | can't stand. Export power becomes a dream.
         | 
         | And I think part of the issue is that we've become lazy. People
         | don't want to work anymore -- they want things handed to them.
         | Entitlements, bonuses, luxury homes, multiple cars, the works.
         | But someone has to build all that. Someone has to maintain the
         | food supply. Someone has to assemble the vehicles. Someone has
         | to keep production alive. Yes, technology can help fill gaps,
         | and we've done amazing things -- and still do -- but America's
         | edge in tech? That's slipping away. China has surpassed the
         | U.S. in key areas of advanced technologies, auto manufacturing,
         | aerospace, and absolutely obliterating in shipbuilding. U.S.
         | industry? Ashes in many places.
         | 
         | So what's the answer? Unfortunately, hardship. Nobody likes to
         | say it, but raising prices and tightening the belt forces
         | people to make hard choices. And when that happens, the jobs
         | that matter won't be office jobs or desk jobs -- they'll be
         | builders, machinists, welders, factory workers. Producers. And
         | those jobs will start commanding the wages. People who've been
         | unemployed or living on subsidies will be pushed -- or pulled
         | -- back into that kind of work. Slowly, painfully, maybe, but
         | steadily. And maybe, just maybe, we'll rebuild that base. Maybe
         | industry will return. Maybe factories and production will grow
         | again.
         | 
         | That's the end goal here; even if we don't like how it's being
         | done. Even if it's painful. Even if it doesn't work the way
         | it's intended. Because maybe we're not as strong as we think we
         | are. Maybe we fail. It's happened before -- look at the USSR
         | collapse. It was a fake economy built on fake production and
         | apathy. They endured 20 years of hardship, and they're still
         | trying to catch up.
         | 
         | So yeah, that's where I think we're headed. Is Trump the guy to
         | do it? He's doing it. Someone had to. Is it the right way? I
         | don't know. Is it going to work? No clue. Will we succeed? Who
         | knows. Or maybe we just keep punting the problem further down
         | the road; business as usual -- until it breaks completely.
         | 
         | But either way, the path forward is either a slow crumble
         | followed by a rebuild, or a brutal reset with the hope of
         | rebuilding something stronger on the other side.
         | 
         | That's just my two cents.
        
           | bregma wrote:
           | Not one single job was moved offshore by a foreign country.
           | Every single one was moved offshore by an American business
           | looking to reduce costs and increase the quarterly bottom
           | line.
           | 
           | Now they're run out of jobs to move offshore and they're
           | looking to the government for the next handout. This time,
           | it's by adding a new tax on Americans on what they buy from
           | overseas.
           | 
           | The people to blame for the economic problems are rich
           | Americans, and the solution is to increase taxes on poor
           | Americans, but the story is that the problem is foreign
           | devils and the solution is to make them pay. The misdirection
           | is working and the magic trick is successful.
        
             | 0x00cl wrote:
             | > Every single one was moved offshore by an American
             | business looking to reduce costs and increase the quarterly
             | bottom line.
             | 
             | > This time, it's by adding a new tax on Americans on what
             | they buy from overseas.
             | 
             | If adding/increasing tax on product oversees increases the
             | costs of said products, wouldn't American business look to
             | reduce cost by moving back to America?
             | 
             | If I understand correctly that's what Trump is trying to
             | do.
        
               | Clubber wrote:
               | Yes, this is the theory. Also to return manufacturing to
               | the US, for jobs but also for national security. If a
               | major war breaks out, which is more likely than in the
               | past 2 decades, we can't effectively fight without a
               | strong manufacturing base.
               | 
               | US businesses who offshored all the US manufacturing jobs
               | now have their day of reckoning. The government can't
               | really say, "move your jobs back," without some sort of
               | constitutional change, they can only incentivize
               | businesses do so, ergo tariffs on offshore labor / goods.
        
               | tmpz22 wrote:
               | Right but American wages and worker conditions will also
               | need to fall drastically to make it competitive with Asia
               | post tariffs.
               | 
               | Millions of Americans returning to shit tier factory
               | conditions is not a victory.
        
             | chasd00 wrote:
             | > Not one single job was moved offshore by a foreign
             | country. Every single one was moved offshore by an American
             | business looking to reduce costs and increase the quarterly
             | bottom line.
             | 
             | That's something I haven't thought about. Is there a 25%
             | tariff on importing knowledge work? In the consulting world
             | that would make onshore teams more competitive. Well you'd
             | need about a 500% tariff to make it close.
        
           | omnee wrote:
           | The US can use internal policies to support the industries
           | and skills you mentioned. Tariffs as implemented, and greatly
           | damaging longstanding relationships with allies, will have
           | the opposite effect. The existing lead in services will be
           | lost, consumption will drop, and the increase in production
           | of goods due to tariffs won't offset it. I would recommend
           | you read the outcome of the Smoot Hawley tariffs.
        
           | ozmodiar wrote:
           | I hate this mindset that Americans are lazy, they are usually
           | some of the hardest working people in the globe. The wealthy
           | are greedy, and wealth and power continue to concentrate at
           | the top while infrastructure, working conditions and public
           | services crumble. I don't fault anyone for not wanting to
           | contribute to that, quite the opposite. I don't see how the
           | jobs you mentioned are going to start commanding better wages
           | when everyone has to rush to do them because there are no
           | more options.
        
           | rainsford wrote:
           | That all seems built on some romantic notion that a job
           | making physical objects ("working with their hands") is
           | fundamentally better than a job providing a service ("staring
           | at screens"). But it's not obvious there is a lot of factual
           | support for the idea, either on the level of individual jobs
           | or the economy as a whole. You could certainly use
           | protectionist barriers or subsidies to try to force
           | industries like ship building back to the US, but would the
           | US really be economically better off overall if you did so?
           | 
           | That said, it's really irrelevant since Trump's current
           | approach isn't looking to support specific industries or
           | outcomes, it's just across the board tariffs on _everything_.
           | We 're not just going to have to build our own ships or cars,
           | but grow our own coffee and bananas. Targeted, strategic
           | tariffs and subsidies on the industries we want to support
           | could be arguable, but this is not that.
        
           | pavl- wrote:
           | "A nation that can't produce [physical goods] can't stand."
           | 
           | Based on what evidence?
           | 
           | "And I think part of the issue is that we've become lazy.
           | People don't want to work anymore"
           | 
           | Americans work more hours per week than a majority of
           | countries. Low-paying factory jobs are off-shored because
           | they're low-paying.
           | 
           | "So what's the answer? Unfortunately, hardship."
           | 
           | You probably should do more research on the subject, and
           | successful onshoring regimes that have been implemented by
           | other countries. If you, for e.g., determine that America
           | needs to produce a certain quantity of semi-conductors to
           | insulate from various natsec risks, there are ways to tackle
           | that problem and usually they don't involve hoping an onshore
           | industry magically appears because you've haphazardly shivved
           | trade across the board.
        
           | SJC_Hacker wrote:
           | > And I think part of the issue is that we've become lazy.
           | People don't want to work anymore -- they want things handed
           | to them. Entitlements, bonuses, luxury homes, multiple cars,
           | the works. But someone has to build all that. Someone has to
           | maintain the food supply. Someone has to assemble the
           | vehicles. Someone has to keep production alive. Yes,
           | technology can help fill gaps, and we've done amazing things
           | -- and still do -- but America's edge in tech? That's
           | slipping away. China has surpassed the U.S. in key areas of
           | advanced technologies, auto manufacturing, aerospace, and
           | absolutely obliterating in shipbuilding. U.S. industry? Ashes
           | in many places.
           | 
           | It has nothing to do with "people being lazy" and everything
           | to do with poorly-run companies combined with globalization.
           | 
           | This started in the 70s/80s with American auto manufacturers.
           | The Japanese cars were much more fuel efficient and a much
           | more robust build. The line worker wasn't responsible for
           | that, management is.
           | 
           | Then the global free trade / NAFTA in the 90s. Ross Perot was
           | as popular as he was, because a big segment of the US
           | population saw this coming.
        
         | weatherlite wrote:
         | > If trade stops occurring in US Dollar
         | 
         | If I understand Trump correctly he wants a weaker U.S dollar to
         | make American exports more attractive. I'm not sure though he
         | wants it to become THAT weak that its on longer the reserve
         | currency. However, simply abandoning the Dollar will prove
         | quite difficult for many countries because there is no clear
         | alternative (the Euro perhaps but it has a tiny market share
         | currently) and also I'm certain Trump will threaten to remove
         | American military support from anyone who dumps the Dollar - so
         | Europe will probably stay, Australia, Canada, Saudi and quite a
         | few more.
        
           | jsiepkes wrote:
           | > and also I'm certain Trump will threaten to remove American
           | military support from anyone who dumps the Dollar - so Europe
           | will probably stay, Australia, Canada, Saudi and quite a few
           | more.
           | 
           | Europe already has the mindset US military support is no
           | longer a given. Europe is already re-arming. I wonder if
           | additional threats by the Trump administration are going to
           | make much of a difference. Even though it will take atleast
           | half a decade to re-arm the main adversary, Russia, is
           | currently in no shape to launch any kind of new offensive
           | against a European country.
           | 
           | > I'm not sure though he wants it to become THAT weak that
           | its on longer the reserve currency.
           | 
           | Intentions aside, with big moves like these the question will
           | be how much control he has over what happens next.
        
             | weatherlite wrote:
             | > Europe already has the mindset US military support is no
             | longer a given. Europe is already re-arming.
             | 
             | As you said it will take at least half a decade (which
             | sounds quite optimistic to me actually to go from barely
             | any forces at all to independence) and then there are many
             | more unsolved questions like where does Europe get all its
             | energy from - Russia again? It will have to be a mix of U.S
             | LNG and the rest I suppose from Arab/African countries. Or
             | you could be right , and everyone will dump the USD - I
             | think not though. Europe isn't in good shape as it is, I'm
             | expecting more carefulness going forward.
             | 
             | BTW - I'm not advocating for anything here, I have no
             | personal skin in the game and I think Trump is a horrible
             | bully. I'm just not certain he's a complete idiot yet.
        
           | torginus wrote:
           | That's just economist flowery language for - If you're
           | willing to work for less, more people would hire you.
        
           | bregma wrote:
           | It's not "dumping the dollar" that would be a concern. It's
           | bumping US federal treasury bills (the US debt) which are
           | mostly held by China, the UK, Luxembourg, and Canada. If the
           | latter three just dump their T-bills in retaliation (and do
           | nothing else) the dollar will bottom out. Also, the likely
           | buyer is China. End result: China owns the US and the RMB
           | becomes the new reserve currency.
        
             | disgruntledphd2 wrote:
             | China would need to remove capital controls to make this
             | work, and that seems unlikely.
             | 
             | The EU would need to issue eurobonds, and that also seems
             | unlikely.
             | 
             | But then this whole decade has been one unlikely thing
             | after another, so who knows?
        
         | matt-p wrote:
         | Major question is then, what currency should be reserve?
         | 
         | Euro? - Nowhere near as stable as the dollar, and some quite
         | shaky fundamentals and history? Yen? Pound? Swiss Franc?
         | 
         | I suspect Yuan will be unpalatable.
        
           | kragen wrote:
           | BRICS has been proposing a sort of basket mechanism. Bitcoin
           | is not yet thickly enough capitalized. The historical
           | standard was gold for 3000 years, and that's what backed the
           | dollar until that was "temporarily suspended" in 01971.
           | That's the default.
        
           | helloooooooo wrote:
           | IMF does have Speecial Drawing Rights that kind of, but not
           | really, acts as a global currency
        
           | gizmo wrote:
           | The new reserve currency won't be a single country's currency
           | but a basket of currencies, where the ratio contribution of
           | component currencies gets adjusted every once in a while.
        
             | matt-p wrote:
             | Ok and who will administer the basket? I'm not saying it's
             | impossible just a bit impractical perhaps.
        
               | rongrobert wrote:
               | It is just economically clueless people talking nonsense.
               | 
               | Whatever basket we come up with has all the same
               | properties that cause the Euro to not displace USD but
               | worse. Much worse.
        
               | matt-p wrote:
               | Indeed.
        
           | popol12 wrote:
           | Bitcoin would be the most fair choice for a new reserve
           | currency. It has equivalent properties as gold but is more
           | practical to use, and there's no geographic inequality to
           | mining it.
           | 
           | No government could benefit from manipulating it. How cool is
           | that ?
        
             | api wrote:
             | It's more deflationary than gold due to hard fixed supply
             | plus breakage.
        
             | rongrobert wrote:
             | Of course a middle school level view of currency is "cool".
        
             | viraptor wrote:
             | > there's no geographic inequality to mining it.
             | 
             | Apart from having access to cheap energy which is
             | collocated with... specific geographic features like
             | geothermal / hydro energy which not all countries have
             | access to.
        
             | tootie wrote:
             | Is Bitcoin even a currency? Who spends it? And who keeps it
             | stable?
        
               | mkoubaa wrote:
               | It's a reserve. The coupling of reserve and currency is a
               | historical accident, not a fundamental reality
        
           | jmyeet wrote:
           | The Chinese yuan is not a viable reserve currency. Why?
           | Because it's pegged to a basket of other currencies. It
           | should really inflate in value but Chinese government policy
           | is to undervalue it to aid exports. Exports are ~20% of
           | China's economy. It would devastate the economy if the yuan
           | was allowed to freely float, or at least float with the level
           | of central bank management that other developed nations' fiat
           | currencies have.
           | 
           | China has repeatedly tried to activate a consumption economy
           | (like the US) but the Chinese just save and buy real estate,
           | in part because there is no retirement benefits so they have
           | to self-fund that.
           | 
           | So what currency? Currently, there is no viable alternative
           | to the US dollar. It is backed by the largest economy in the
           | world AND the US military.
           | 
           | You might find people who talk about BRICS like it's a real
           | thing. It is not. It's just a group of randomly selected
           | countries meant to sound nice (literally, South Africa is
           | only there for the S sound) with no unified policy or
           | currency.
           | 
           | It's not the euro either. Europe ultimately is still
           | dependent on US defence and beholden to US foreign policy.
        
             | sidewndr46 wrote:
             | pretty much every source in the world disagrees with the
             | idea that China doesn't have a retirement system
             | 
             | https://www.cfr.org/blog/what-chinese-pension-system-and-
             | why...
        
             | TheCapeGreek wrote:
             | >It's just a group of randomly selected countries meant to
             | sound nice
             | 
             | Source? Pretty sure BRICS is comprised of the largest
             | regional economies that specifically aren't in the first
             | world, that make for useful alliances for Russia & China
             | specifically.
             | 
             | Africa for a long time didn't have any serious economic
             | contenders for something like BRICS other than South
             | Africa. Nowadays Nigeria is a closer contender on the
             | continent. And of course you have long histories of South
             | African politicians having spent their time in exile during
             | Apartheid in places where they learned to call each other
             | "comrade" even to this day in their political parties. It's
             | not an out of the blue arrangement.
             | 
             | Brazil as far as I'm aware seems to be by far the most
             | economically active in South America too?
             | 
             | India seems like third fiddle to Russia & China in this
             | arrangement as a large economy in Asia.
        
           | _fizz_buzz_ wrote:
           | The Euro is already a reserve currency and makes up about 20%
           | of worldwide reserves. Which is of course not as much as the
           | dollar which is about 60%, but these numbers could of course
           | shift.
        
             | matt-p wrote:
             | So is the Yen, Pound and swiss Franc - many currencies are.
             | What's your point?
             | 
             | Pound is about 5% if I remember correctly, which is a
             | higher weighting than the Euro for trade:reserve holding
             | ratio.
        
           | jabl wrote:
           | Perhaps we should dust off Keynes' Bancor proposal? :)
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bancor
        
             | iszomer wrote:
             | Wasn't an implementation of Bancor attempted on Ethereum?
        
         | amunozo wrote:
         | It is a self inflicted damage. Do not blame anybody else that
         | Trump and the people that chose him. Good luck Americans.
        
         | giantg2 wrote:
         | "because inflating our currency to pay for them could result in
         | functionally not being able to import goods required to run our
         | economy."
         | 
         | You can't inflate your currency to payoff a debt that's due in
         | in a different currency. As soon as you inflate your currency,
         | the exchange rate changes.
        
           | nycdatasci wrote:
           | The US issues debt in dollars and repays those debts in
           | dollars. The purchasing power of dollars can change due to
           | inflation. If you suddenly increase the global supply of
           | dollars by 2x, dollars that existed prior to the increased
           | supply will be able to purchase less.
        
             | giantg2 wrote:
             | That's true for domestic public debt. But in the scenario
             | given by the parent where the dollar falls out of favor, it
             | is assumed that we could be issuing public foreign debt in
             | foreign currency. Even if it was still domestic currency,
             | the FX rate would matter to the foreign investors. Interest
             | rates matter. So does inflation. Money supply is less
             | relevant than the actual inflation it generates. Most debt
             | instruments rely on the interest rates that fluctuate based
             | on monetary policy to combat inflation. Eg your interest on
             | debt will increase as your inflation rate does. Even the
             | world bank will jack up your interest if your currency has
             | issues, such as rampant inflation.
        
               | munksbeer wrote:
               | > it is assumed that we could be issuing public foreign
               | debt in foreign currency.
               | 
               | That isn't how it works. You issue bonds, denominated in
               | your own currency, and promise to pay the bearer of the
               | bonds a coupon (interest) and repay the full amount (in
               | USD) at the end of the bonds life.
               | 
               | Unless I misunderstood what you're saying.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | There are multiple structures for foreign debt
               | instruments, of which your definition is one. Even using
               | your example, the "(in USD)" is the part that might
               | change if USD falls out of favor as the context of this
               | chain is discussing.
        
             | blagie wrote:
             | > If you suddenly increase the global supply of dollars by
             | 2x, dollars that existed prior to the increased supply will
             | be able to purchase less.
             | 
             | I don't think this is true. The US issues currency in two
             | forms:
             | 
             | 1) Deflating dollars
             | 
             | 2) Treasury notes
             | 
             | At the time you've issued a T-bill worth $1B, the effect is
             | pretty similar to printing $1B. If interest rates are in-
             | line with inflation, it's a safe way to maintain foreign
             | reserves. If interest rates are higher -- long-term, the US
             | has a problem, and if they're lower, the foreign government
             | has a problem.
             | 
             | But issuing treasury notes is not too dissimilar from
             | printing physical dollar bills.
        
         | omnee wrote:
         | The Trump admin wants to devalue the dollar substantially,
         | enact protectionism _and_ maintain its reserve status. I can
         | see them succeed with the latter two, but with these actions,
         | the world has no choice but to move away from the USD as the
         | reserve currency. It will take many years, but whatever
         | replaces it certainly won 't be to the US's advantage.
        
         | aa-jv wrote:
         | >The golden prize for America's enemies is to remove the US
         | dollar as a global reserve currency.
         | 
         | Its also the golden prize for America's _victims_ , it has to
         | be said.
         | 
         | We can't keep propping up the USA as a moral position to aspire
         | to, when that state continually gets away with mass murder and
         | human rights violations beyond the scale of any other peer.
         | 
         | The USA is the worlds #1 funder of terrorism, and violator of
         | international law on the subject of war.
         | 
         | So its not just about 'enemies'. Its really about _victims_.
        
           | hjgjhyuhy wrote:
           | Russia is the number one war criminal in the world. Of course
           | now that Russia owns American leadership, we can partially
           | blame them for American human rights abuses.
        
             | logicchains wrote:
             | The number of civilian deaths in Ukraine doesn't come close
             | to the number of civilian deaths in Iraq, Afghanistan and
             | Palestine caused by the US.
        
               | aa-jv wrote:
               | That is correct, and this is a terrifying fact to any
               | American nationalist who believes their country can do no
               | wrong, as evidenced by the downvotes of an absolute
               | truth.
        
             | aa-jv wrote:
             | >Russia is the number one war criminal in the world.
             | 
             | This is absolutely incorrect by sheer statistics, alone.
             | Anyone making this claim is simply utterly ignorant of the
             | actual statistics, and I challenge you to overcome that
             | personal limitation.
             | 
             | Russia has a long, long way to go to catch up to the
             | +million murders done in Iraq, alone - where the USA has
             | murdered 5% of Iraqs population with its wars (including
             | the continuing deformed baby deaths as a result of the
             | widespread distribution of depleted uranium all over Iraq).
             | 
             | The USA is a major funder and supporter of the mass murder
             | of Gaza - Gaza is just another Mosul, just another Raqqa ..
             | Israel would not be getting away with mass murder if the
             | USA hadn't set the precedent for war crimes and mass murder
             | in multiple other theatres. Russia, too, _follows the USA
             | 's lead and uses the USA's own prior inculpability for
             | multiple illegal wars to justify its actions_.
             | 
             | This is why it is just _so dangerous_ for citizens to allow
             | their nations to commit war crimes and crimes against
             | humanity, and allow those politicians responsible for such
             | acts to go unpunished. This is why it is so irresponsible
             | for the American people to allow their nation to degrade
             | the capabilities of the International Criminal Court, and
             | to fail to prosecute their own war criminals.
             | 
             | Because, if you let your nation do it, you are giving carte
             | blanche to any other nation in the world to do it too. And
             | that is precisely why states such as Russia and Israel are
             | wilfully committing mass murder - _under the cover of the
             | prior unprosecuted crimes of extraordinary magnitude
             | committed by the American people and their
             | representatives_.
             | 
             | If you want to do something effective about Russia and
             | Israel, Americans, you must first prosecute your own war
             | criminals and establish the international precedent for
             | those prosecutions which can be used against Russian and
             | Israeli war criminals, also. Leaving your own war criminals
             | unpunished gives a free ride to all other nations, who will
             | gleefully follow you into the madness - and have done so
             | now, for 25 years of the utterly atrocious "war on terror",
             | in which the American people gave themselves the ultimate
             | right to destroy any state their callous rulling class -
             | factually fundamentalist racists - decides is inferior to
             | their own.
        
               | krapht wrote:
               | I agree that the US bears significant responsibility for
               | the ~5% civilian deaths in Iraq. These were through:
               | 
               | 1) Direct combat fatalities (~15% of casualties)
               | 
               | 2) Failing to stabilize Iraq post-invasion
               | 
               | 3) Enabling conditions for prolonged conflict
               | 
               | However, attributing all excess deaths solely to the US
               | oversimplifies the role of insurgent groups, regional
               | actors, and preexisting sectarian tensions. The
               | invasion's destabilizing effects created a chain reaction
               | with shared accountability.
               | 
               | Furthermore, calling it murder is disingenuous. Murder
               | requires both premeditation and deliberate intent.
        
           | hmmm-i-wonder wrote:
           | I certainly wont disagree with the US not representing any
           | moral heights especially now, however do you have sources for
           | the US being particularly egregious in relation to its peers
           | in its actions?
        
             | aa-jv wrote:
             | Anyone who has been paying attention to the body count
             | since the illegal invasion of Iraq in 2003 can tell you
             | that the rest of the world has a long, long way to go to
             | catch up with the atrocities committed by the American
             | people across the globe, from Iraq to Afghanistan to Syria
             | and Libya, Pakistan and Somalia and Yemen (which the USA
             | and its partners were mass-murdering for 15 years already
             | _before the current conflict_ ), and now .. Gaza .. for
             | which the American people are very definitely responsible
             | as major funders and supporters of that particularly vile
             | act of mass murder.
             | 
             | But if you want to inform yourself, follow
             | https://airwars.org/ and look for reports on the matter by
             | trusted sources, such as the Physicians for Social
             | Responsibility, which has produced casualty reports for all
             | of America's illegal, heinously irresponsible wars.
             | 
             | This report for example, from 2015, demonstrated the
             | magnitude and extent of the crimes committed by the
             | American people in Iraq alone - and things have gotten a
             | lot, lot worse since then:
             | 
             | https://psr.org/resources/body-count/
        
         | theuppermiddle wrote:
         | Is not the US export higher if they take into account all the
         | Software and software as service they sell?
        
           | inatreecrown2 wrote:
           | was thinking the same thing. US is a giant in software.
        
             | EVa5I7bHFq9mnYK wrote:
             | Software is easily pirated. It is official policy in Russia
             | now to pirate the software used by enterprises (like SAP,
             | Autocad etc), to own the western libs.
        
               | noworriesnate wrote:
               | Not if its SaaS, which is where the world has been going
               | for a decade now at least
        
         | rafaelmn wrote:
         | This is why I don't get why my EU people are attacking Trump -
         | he singlehandedly gave Europe political capital to rebuild
         | itself as an independent player on the international stage. He
         | created an environment where tighter EU integration might take
         | precedence over petty interest squabbles. For example in what
         | other scenario would Germany making massive investments in
         | military be politically acceptable ? Even talking about
         | military on EU level ?
         | 
         | Framing this as purely a win for China and Russia is very
         | partisan, this has potential for all non-US countries to get
         | away from under US thumb long term and at least for that we
         | should be grateful to mr. Trump, from his foreign policy it
         | seems like he is not interested in those games as he views them
         | a net loss for US.
         | 
         | And the Greenland situation is showing us exactly what happens
         | when you position yourself as leech on US military/NATO.
        
           | fxwin wrote:
           | I don't think anyone has a problem with europe being a more
           | independent player, it becoming a necessity is what people
           | are upset about. I'd rather have germany make massive
           | investments in infrastructure and health reform than its
           | military.
        
             | rafaelmn wrote:
             | This line of thinking is exactly what got us into this
             | situation. If you want to outsource your defense how can
             | you be surprised when you get ignored in the Ukraine
             | discussions and when the US feels free to just annex parts
             | of your territory. What's your recourse ?
        
               | fxwin wrote:
               | The same arguments can be made for free trade, and i
               | think most would agree that the world is better off with
               | international trade than without.
        
               | rafaelmn wrote:
               | There is no free trade, EU was tariff heavy and
               | protectionist since forever, in fact that's probably the
               | primary motivator for creating it - a single European
               | market where they get to control the imports. Trump is
               | brash and escalating it suddenly but this game is not
               | new.
               | 
               | I'm all in favor of Europe merging more tightly, scale
               | brings a lot of benefits - moves Trump is making are
               | forcing EU members in this direction where they otherwise
               | wouldn't go so easily for petty interests.
        
               | emptysongglass wrote:
               | > There is no free trade, EU was tariff heavy and
               | protectionist since forever
               | 
               | To add to this as an EU citizen, try and buy any good
               | from the US as a private EU citizen: not only will you be
               | visited with a bill for 25 percent of what you paid, you
               | will _also_ pay a truly staggering  "handling fee" to
               | essentially state-sponsored grifters (here in Denmark
               | called "Told") that will ensure you never buy anything
               | from the US again.
               | 
               | The US had de minimis allowing US citizens to buy most
               | anything they could imagine from abroad without
               | additional fees on import, which Trump has now thrown out
               | the window, but I can't help but feel we're getting our
               | just desserts here.
        
               | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
               | The 'outsourcing' has always been for the benefit of US
               | defence corporations.
               | 
               | There were a number of occasions in the 50s to 70s when
               | the US stepped in directly to neuter world-leading
               | aerospace projects in the UK, forcing the UK to buy from
               | the US instead.
               | 
               | Virtually all of the cost of the UK's Trident deterrent
               | goes to the US.
               | 
               | And it would be unwise to write off the EU, especially
               | now there's a mass exodus of researchers from the US.
        
               | rafaelmn wrote:
               | >There were a number of occasions in the 50s to 70s when
               | the US stepped in directly to neuter world-leading
               | aerospace projects in the UK, forcing the UK to buy from
               | the US instead.
               | 
               | Exactly, and with the recent moves Trump administration
               | is directly calling out EU to arm - so a good development
               | in my book.
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | It's weirder than this though. Why would Europe need to
               | rearm? If it's to defend against potential enemies, why
               | is the US cosying up with those same countries?
        
               | MrBuddyCasino wrote:
               | > _This line of thinking is exactly what got us into this
               | situation._
               | 
               | This is exactly right and it is insane that people don't
               | see this. The dysfunction that Pax Americana has
               | inflicted upon Europe must go away. A continent that
               | cannot defend itself is not a sovereign continent.
        
               | mrighele wrote:
               | > If you want to outsource your defense
               | 
               | It's not only that
               | 
               | Outsource defense to USA
               | 
               | Outsource production to China
               | 
               | Make yourself critically dependent on raw materials from
               | Russia.
        
               | rafaelmn wrote:
               | Exactly Europe is on a downward spiral into irrelevancy -
               | Trump moves actually give the idea of a relevant EU
               | space.
        
           | ddalex wrote:
           | Because the EU does NOT want Germany to arm, remember what
           | happened the last couple of times ?
        
             | MrBuddyCasino wrote:
             | I'm not a history buff, are you alluding to anything?
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | Last century there was the big two, World War One and
               | World War Two. If you go back further it's more
               | complicated, but the short answer is that Germanic states
               | got into wars with their neighbours a lot. The Wikipedia
               | article has categories.
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_wars_involving_Ge
               | rma...
               | 
               | https://historyguy.com/How_Many_Wars_Were_Fought_Between_
               | Fra...
        
               | switch007 wrote:
               | To be fair, everyone was warring. War was normal
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_wars_involving_the_
               | Uni...
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | It was normal and Germany/Prussia was good at it.
        
               | MrBuddyCasino wrote:
               | Oh wow, I had no idea! I recommend googling "Adolf
               | Hitler" also.
        
             | kergonath wrote:
             | Both the French and the Poles are urging Germany to rearm.
             | As well as the EU, actually, through both the commission
             | and the parliament. The whole "European countries are
             | afraid of Germany invading" argument is not really a thing.
        
               | kergonath wrote:
               | For context: the French and the German have been
               | alternatively at war and allies since the times of Clovis
               | and Charlemagne, a millenium before Bismark made modern
               | Germany a thing (in occupied Versailles, in what was
               | perfectly calibrated to be a complete French
               | humiliation). And the Poles were on the wrong side of
               | brutal occupation and a genocide during WWII. So both
               | countries would have good reasons to be very skeptical of
               | a powerful Germany.
        
             | cbg0 wrote:
             | > the EU does NOT want Germany to arm
             | 
             | The EU is not worried about Germany re-arming, as the world
             | has changed dramatically since WW2 and we have much
             | stronger bonds in Europe than we did when Nazi Germany was
             | around.
        
             | mrguyorama wrote:
             | This is so stupid.
             | 
             | The US _rearmed Germany immediately after WW2_ to be a
             | buffer against an invading USSR.
             | 
             | We literally put Nazis back into command as long as they
             | were willing to fight the Russians again.
             | 
             | Nobody in NATO was ever afraid of a militarized Germany,
             | except maybe Germans.
        
           | watwut wrote:
           | Because they would prefer functional pro democratic world
           | rather then constant struggle for domination with fascists
           | from Russia and USA at the same time. EU people don't want to
           | become poorer or suffer, not even to "own the USA".
           | 
           | Europeans you talk about see Russia as a threat. They are not
           | fascists themselves, so Germany having to arm itself more
           | because Russia just got new ally is not a good news.
        
             | rafaelmn wrote:
             | > EU people don't want to become poorer or suffer
             | 
             | So when you get other people paying your defense bill,
             | don't be surprised when your territory gets annexed and you
             | get left out of the conversation on the Ukraine issue ?
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | Do you think that's the motivation, or the new
               | relationship with Russia? Why are new tariffs not
               | applicable to Russia, Belarus and North Korea?
        
               | rafaelmn wrote:
               | Probably to give Russia concessions in the Ukraine
               | negotiations.
               | 
               | In my opinion Trump is trying to do everything he said he
               | would in his campaign, he is trying to get the war in
               | Ukraine over ASAP and be the peace bringer.
               | 
               | Even in the leaked Vance messages you saw his view on
               | Europe, which I have to agree with in that case. They
               | feel like they are getting screwed in the EU-US relations
               | and they are looking to pull support, ignoring what the
               | OP said about them being the reserve currency/global
               | police. I guess they see that as a bad deal.
               | 
               | I think big picture Trump sees Russia as a regional
               | player and China as US main rival so he doesn't really
               | care about pushing Russia or "winning" in Ukraine. The
               | minerals deal looks like he wants to show he got
               | something for the money spent compared to Biden.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | Well, EU did paid and supported Ukraine. EU are not the
               | ones who allied themselves with Russia and tried to bully
               | Ukraine into giving them minerals for nothing in return.
               | America is the only country that took others in NATO into
               | war under article 5. Ukraine was also left out of that
               | conversation, this was just Trump being openly pro-
               | Russia.
               | 
               | None of that has anything to do with tariffs.
        
               | rafaelmn wrote:
               | >EU are not the ones who allied themselves with Russia
               | 
               | Need I remind you that Angela Merkel set the stage for
               | all these Russia moves by building german "green
               | transition" on Russian "green gas" ?
               | 
               | From what I'm seeing in Trump moves he doesn't care about
               | Ukraine or Russia much other than showing his supporters
               | how he ended the war that "Biden let happen" according to
               | him. And the minerals deal to show he got their money
               | back that Biden was giving away for free. Not really
               | seeing any Russia alliance other than not buying into the
               | Ukraines vision for the outcome of the war.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | I did not said they are perfect and prescient and saint.
               | They are not like Trump.
               | 
               | Trump who openly admires Putin. His latest moves were
               | literally trying to steal from Ukraine with nothing in
               | return. Who even declared America free from Russian
               | meddling.
               | 
               | They are just not like the guy who tried to extort the
               | Ukraine to hurt his political ennemies, they are not
               | openly praising Putin, they are not giving concessions to
               | Putin ... while lying on TV in front of Ukrainian
               | president ... and then having complete meltdown when he
               | factually corrects you
               | 
               | Like common ... Merkel and Trump are here completely
               | uncomparable.
        
           | glenstein wrote:
           | >This is why I don't get why my EU people are attacking Trump
           | - he singlehandedly gave Europe political capital to rebuild
           | itself as an independent player on the international stage.
           | 
           | What a completely baffling statement. It's like saying the
           | left arm should be grateful that the right arm cut itself off
           | of the body because now the left arm has to strengthen
           | itself. Sabotaging the alliance system that has prevailed
           | since World War II leaving both Europe and the United States
           | more dangerously exposed and compromising the safety of our
           | shared democratic values that were once the bedrock of our
           | alliance.
           | 
           | It's so obviously catastrophic that I can't fathom how
           | someone would try to portray this as a win other than out of
           | an appetite for a JV debate team sophistry. Europe is banding
           | together not out of positive diplomatic achievements, but in
           | the same sense that they would band together if a meteor is
           | headed toward Earth and you're asking us to thank the meteor.
        
             | rafaelmn wrote:
             | Having a lapdog status since WW2 is an alliance ?
             | 
             | EU and US are not two hands of one body.
        
           | switch007 wrote:
           | Some say many EU politicians are compromised by Russia and
           | China...
           | 
           | I know squabbling is the norm for European countries but I
           | feel there are some recent big own goals. Crazy how we can't
           | get our crap together in such times. (Crazy opinion: UK needs
           | to be in the EU again to be the grown up in the trio of UK,
           | France and Germany)
        
             | eagleislandsong wrote:
             | > I feel there are some recent big own goals
             | 
             | I'm not sure I know what you mean. Do you mind elaborating?
        
             | lores wrote:
             | The UK will need a lot of time to be seen again as a grown-
             | up, after electing a string of buffoons and cutting off its
             | nose to spite its face. Even though Starmer looks more
             | stable, a large part of that look is due to his opposition
             | being in complete chaos and functionally useless.
        
           | Mindwipe wrote:
           | Because it's a bit like someone telling you that they're
           | going to burn your house down so you can claim on the
           | insurance and you'll be better off.
           | 
           | It might be technically true in some circumstances, but I
           | still don't want some jackass burning my house down thanks, I
           | _like_ my house. That 's why I live there.
        
         | ta20240528 wrote:
         | "The golden prize for America's enemies is to remove the US
         | dollar as a global reserve currency."
         | 
         | I would argue that for this to become even remotely possible,
         | America's list of enemies must not automatically become
         | everyone else's enemies too.
         | 
         | that is to say: the USA's secondary statutes have to become
         | ineffective.
         | 
         | To do this, the EU's blocking statutes (to ignore secondary
         | sanctions) have to be effective. Right now Europe's own
         | companies just ignore the statutes to keep their US trade.
         | 
         | To make the blocking statues effective, the EU's own research
         | recommended fines/sanctions/bans/... on licences for foreign
         | (read US) banks, and companies that ignore the statue and don't
         | serve EU companies trading with sanctioned countries.
         | 
         | But to do that, the EU would need alternatives to American
         | services.
         | 
         | Power and influence follow sovereignty.
         | 
         | EUR0,02
        
           | chvid wrote:
           | The Chinese have alternatives to American services. Europeans
           | could have too if we wanted.
        
             | sph wrote:
             | Unless you have a magic lamp, "wanting" is not enough to
             | achieve effective change.
             | 
             | What Europeans need is pragmatic governments and
             | politicians. In fact it might be easier to find a magic
             | lamp than an honest politician.
        
               | mtrovo wrote:
               | The TikTok case in US might be a good playbook for the
               | future. Require markets that US based companies have a
               | near monopoly and require them to divest on EU and
               | onshore operations. You solve tech hegemony and tax
               | evasion in no time.
        
               | chvid wrote:
               | US big tech companies are dominant because they are
               | monopolies not because they are technological marvels.
               | 
               | If we were to ban US social media, European alternatives
               | would emerge very fast.
        
             | ben_w wrote:
             | China has goods and services, but don't underestimate the
             | language barrier for services. Language is a barrier
             | between EU member nations providing each other services,
             | even though machine translation is OK between those
             | languages and most of us learned one of the other nation's
             | languages in school; The gap between Chinese and Latin-
             | Germanic languages is much larger.
             | 
             | I'd give an example, but every time I have previously shown
             | an example of machine translated Chinese to demonstrate
             | that AI is bad at translating English into Chinese, the
             | responses miss the point of the example -- criticising the
             | translation whose very errors are meant to demonstrate how
             | bad current AI is.
        
           | addicted wrote:
           | Europeans have a lot of alternatives to American services,
           | including building out their own.
           | 
           | What Europeans truly lack is the ability to defend itself
           | without the U.S. They have the technical know how and can
           | build the manufacturing capacity but that will take a decade
           | at least.
           | 
           | Also, European financing is just not as strong.
           | 
           | However, with the U.S. voluntarily walking away from its role
           | as the center of the world, this may not be a problem for too
           | long.
           | 
           | Tech is the easiest service to replace considering American
           | tech workers by insisting on WFH have already largely
           | eliminated the geographical advantages American tech used to
           | have.
        
             | galangalalgol wrote:
             | Between three and five members of the EU could become
             | nuclear powers complete with delivery systems within a year
             | if there was political will. A couple of them in
             | significantly less than a year. If the EU is truly
             | responsible for its own defense, then it gets to choose how
             | to go about that. There is only one way to do that in the
             | time frame in which it will become necessary.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | Nuclear is a bragging tool, but only useful in real war
               | if things are going bad enough that you decide to end the
               | world.
               | 
               | What will take Europe most of a decade is the combination
               | of all the things you really want during war so you are
               | not forced to end the world. Air defense - they have some
               | but not near enough without the US. 5th generation
               | fighter jets. Bombers. A navy - they have some great
               | things but are missing many useful ships. They seem to
               | have enough tanks, but are missing many other parts a
               | modern army needs. And all of the above needs ammunition
               | - they cannot provide Ukraine what is needed 3 years into
               | that war - means they can't scale up to their owns needs
               | if a war were to break out.
               | 
               | Fortunately war with Europe seems unlikely right now, but
               | that can change fast and you need to be ready. Never has
               | a battleship started during a war seen battle in that
               | same war. (I don't know how to verify that claim, but it
               | seems reasonable anyway)
        
               | greedo wrote:
               | Most of the Iowa class battleships took less than four
               | years from launch to commissioning, so in WW2 your last
               | statement would have been challengeable had the USN not
               | realized the folly of building more BBs.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | They were all started before WW2. The Montana class was
               | abandoned - maybe it could have seen service if it was
               | continued but it wasn't. In WW2 battle ships were still
               | king of the ocean - airplanes were showing promise but
               | not yet good enough to replace them (though if the war
               | had gone one just a couple more years they would have)
        
               | greedo wrote:
               | You mean started before the US involvement in WW2.
               | 
               | And the battleship was definitely NOT the king of the
               | ocean. Carriers quickly took over that role, and aircraft
               | quickly made mincemeat of the best battleships ever
               | built, starting with the destruction of Force Z near
               | Singapore and culminating with the destruction of Yamato
               | and Musashi.
        
               | wkat4242 wrote:
               | > Nuclear is a bragging tool, but only useful in real war
               | if things are going bad enough that you decide to end the
               | world.
               | 
               | No, it's a deterrent. This is why it's so important that
               | the systems are in place and functional. So they can
               | actually be used, to make sure they never have to.
               | 
               | A deterrent is not like a bragging tool at all.
        
               | fifilura wrote:
               | You don't need a huge navy to battle Russia. It's navy is
               | pretty small (they don't even have a functioning aircraft
               | carrier) and there is anyway a land connection between
               | Europe and Russia.
               | 
               | For fighters I don't think 5th gen is the magic number,
               | you can do well against Russia with more 4th gen, and the
               | generation counter is pretty imprecise anyway, rafale and
               | Gripen are continuously modernized with new software and
               | electronic warfare
               | 
               | Europe has Aster which is a replacement for patriot with
               | similar characteristics. Since the technology exists it
               | should be a small thing to scale up production.
               | 
               | And ammunition has been scaled up since 2022 and every
               | shell used in Ukraina is a shell that does not need to be
               | used in the rest of the countries.
        
             | fifilura wrote:
             | > What Europeans truly lack is the ability to defend itself
             | without the U.S.
             | 
             | Pushing this message is disinformation that has been
             | particularly successful part of the OrangeMan
             | administration.
             | 
             | Europe can defend itself. Combined they have huge military
             | resources and technological replacements for most of what
             | the US can provide.
             | 
             | So - Europe can defend itself. But it prefers to use money,
             | allies and Ukrainian soldiers lives to avoid having to.
        
           | addicted wrote:
           | > Right now Europe's own companies just ignore the statutes
           | to keep their US trade.
           | 
           | If it's the trade keeping EU companies in line, isn't the
           | destruction of trade that these tariffs are intended to
           | achieve precisely the kind of thing that will then prevent
           | them from staying in line in the future?
        
             | ta20240528 wrote:
             | If its like last time, European strategy (ex France maybe)
             | will rise no higher than "let's just try ride out the next
             | four years, then things will go back to normal".
        
         | virgilp wrote:
         | Does it follow that Yuan would replace USD? Could it be the EUR
         | instead?
        
           | throwaway2037 wrote:
           | The RMB does not float. It would be virtually impossible.
           | More likely: EUR will share the title (more than ever) with
           | USD.
        
         | huijzer wrote:
         | > Ray Dalio's Principles for Dealing with the Changing World
         | Order feels prescient
         | 
         | Maybe Dalio is right, but a lot of his data was sketchy [1].
         | 
         | My personal theory is that Dalio somehow benefits from saying
         | nice things about the Chinese regime.
         | 
         | [1]: https://youtu.be/s1iv0q_SW3E
        
         | rayiner wrote:
         | > The golden prize for America's enemies is to remove the US
         | dollar as a global reserve currency.
         | 
         | Why is the reserve dollar good for Americans? Arguments in
         | favor of reserve currency status make the U.S. economy seem
         | utterly fake. It's as if the world is paying us to maintain
         | borders frozen in 1945.
        
           | Urahandystar wrote:
           | It stops them from having to address their national debt, has
           | allowed for incredible spending and the arguably pushed
           | humanity forward with the wonderful inventions. Without it,
           | it will be interesting to see how the future unfolds.
        
         | jmyeet wrote:
         | A lot of people fundamentally misunderstand why trade happens
         | in USD and what creates demand for USD.
         | 
         | For example, you hear people say that the US invaded Iraq
         | because Iraq was threatening to denominate oil sales in the
         | euro. This particular conspiracy theory used to be more popular
         | ~20 years ago for obvious reasons. Even if true, it's
         | absolutely no threat to the petrodollar. You could sell oil in
         | euros and what would most sellers then do? Immediately convert
         | those euros into USD.
         | 
         | Trade occurs in USD because there's demand for USD not the
         | other way around.
         | 
         | What really underpins the USD is the US military and the US
         | still being the largest economy. So the USD will remain the
         | global reserve currency up until the US collapses and/or
         | another power rises to displace it, which really means the same
         | thing at this point. That might ultimately be China but it's
         | not yet and the Chinese yuan is wholly unsuitable to be a
         | global reserve currency currently.
        
           | pcthrowaway wrote:
           | > until the US collapses and/or another power rises to
           | displace it, which really means the same thing at this point.
           | That might ultimately be China but it's not yet
           | 
           | I imagine the Euro is a contender also even though the EU
           | it's not one homogenous power.
           | 
           | > and the Chinese yuan is wholly unsuitable to be a global
           | reserve currency currently.
           | 
           | Curious why you say this? I was considering holding some EUR
           | and CNY in the event that one of those becomes a replacement
           | for USD
        
             | jmyeet wrote:
             | The euro isn't a contender for two main reasons:
             | 
             | 1. Europe is still dependent upon the US military and, as a
             | consequence, is beholden to US foreign policy; and
             | 
             | 2. No unified fiscal policy.
             | 
             | As for the unsuitability of the yuan, there are several
             | reasons:
             | 
             | 1. The yuan was once pegged to the US dollar. It's now
             | pegged to a basket of currencies instead. This, by
             | definition, makes China a currency manipulator because you
             | wouldn't need to peg the currency otherwise;
             | 
             | 2. The yuan is undervalued by this manipulation. It should
             | really be more expensive, making China's exports more
             | expensive. China does this to maintain their export
             | competitiveness. If anything, increased demand for the yuan
             | would be unwelcome as it would increase the pressure to
             | appreciate the yuan;
             | 
             | 3. China runs a trade surplus. It's basically inevitable
             | that the country with the reserve currency will run a
             | deficit;
             | 
             | 4. The US running a government deficit is actually kind of
             | a good thing for maintaining a reserve currency. China, for
             | example, holds trillions in US government bonds. Do you
             | really think they want to upset that apple cart?
        
         | darthrupert wrote:
         | >The golden prize for America's enemies is to remove the US
         | dollar as a global reserve currency.
         | 
         | At this point, who is *not* America's enemy?
        
           | WinstonSmith84 wrote:
           | Maybe Russia, that's the only country which has not been
           | slapped with tariffs. Apart from Russia, there are nuances.
           | There are peaceful enemies like the EU, Canada, Australia
           | etc. and there are threatening enemies like the Houthis or
           | Iran.
        
         | atmosx wrote:
         | To add to the comment: If you want to be the capital of an
         | empire, you have to act like it--like Troy, Rome, or
         | Constantinople--meaning you run deficits and play buyer of last
         | resort. When you are no longer that, the empire has indeed
         | collapsed.
         | 
         | Relate:
         | https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/opinions/1998/08/18/t...
        
         | AlexandrB wrote:
         | > Our debts would suddenly become existential because inflating
         | our currency to pay for them could result in functionally not
         | being able to import goods required to run our economy.
         | 
         | Can you elaborate on this? Every other country does not have
         | the luxury of having its currency be the reserve currency but
         | still manages to both inflate that currency when needed and
         | import good just fine.
        
           | op00to wrote:
           | If America's reserve status goes, they will face the same
           | constraints, except with way more debt and far less
           | experience managing currency risk.
        
           | vonzepp wrote:
           | If India buys a widget off Brazil it will probably be paid in
           | dollars. Therefore, people need to own dollars. Thus a demand
           | for US debt. This lowers the potential interest rate. Other
           | countries who's currency is not a need for people to buy,
           | their debt is purchased by the attractiveness of its offering
           | (i.e interest rate). If US dollar is no longer required than
           | government bonds have to be attractive. Also, not all
           | sovereign debt is issued in the home countries currency,
           | which means that the printing press doesn't help. US debt is
           | very large, interest repayment are close to military
           | spending. Without the reserve currency that would get worse.
           | Something like 68% of world holding is dollar 17% Euro,
           | nothing else of note.
           | 
           | The other side is that as there is a demand for dollars. The
           | value of the currency is higher than if it wasn't which
           | increases the price of exports and reduce price of imports.
           | Trump might want to weaken the dollar.
        
         | api wrote:
         | When the history is written I think the _Citizens United_
         | decision might be pegged as the end of the American republic.
         | It allowed endless amounts of dark money including foreign
         | money to pour into US elections.
         | 
         | In any case, I think we're seeing the beginning of the Chinese
         | century.
        
           | alabastervlog wrote:
           | 1) Chicago-school interest groups successfully putting people
           | on courts and in the legislature to all but completely
           | eliminate anti-trust enforcement, starting in the '70s. TL;DR
           | policy used to be that a company holding too much market
           | share was _per se_ bad for the country and that the
           | government could act on it, the shift added more tests making
           | it slower (so, also more expensive) and harder to
           | successfully enforce anti-trust, so much so that we all but
           | stopped doing it.
           | 
           | 2) Failure to send Nixon to prison.
           | 
           | 3) Loss of the Fairness Doctrine under Reagan.
           | 
           | 4) Failure to send a whole list of Reagan's folks (and maybe
           | Reagan) to prison over Iran-Contra and other misdeeds. And
           | those same names keep popping up, making things worse for the
           | '90s and '00s. This was a huge mistake.
           | 
           | 5) The Democrats totally surrendering economics policy to a
           | newly farther-right [edit: more accurately, a set of policies
           | championed by a certain set of pro-capital right wing
           | interests--we recently saw this totally overthrown by right-
           | populist policy, when Trump took over the party in 2016,
           | which was the most remarkable development in US party
           | politics since the '80s] Republican view, in the '80s, and
           | adopting basically the same policy. This set the stage for
           | the current backlash, because this all-in neoliberal shit was
           | _never_ popular, but persisted because both parties supported
           | it.
           | 
           | 6) Loosened media reach ownership rules in the early '00s.
           | 
           | 7) CU
           | 
           | 8) Nobody at any point finding a way to dismantle the
           | Heritage Foundation and Federalist Society (if you're
           | wondering "how", it seems the NRA had been doing all sorts of
           | illegal shenanigans for a loooong time--I'd be absolutely
           | floored if these two don't have some big ol' skeletons
           | hanging around)
           | 
           | 9) We all watch a coup attempt live on TV (re-watch some of
           | the news footage if your memory is fading, it remains
           | shocking) and then the Biden administration dicked around
           | during the six months or so when it might have been possible
           | to go after the leaders of it.
           | 
           | 10) The Internet putting intense pressure on the news media,
           | leading to even more profit-focus than before (and see also
           | the loss of various controls above) with nothing done to try
           | to mitigate that.
           | 
           | 11) Extreme centralization of control of the narrative online
           | under a handful of platforms (and the narrative is "whatever
           | gets us more eyeballs", see again #11) and nothing done to
           | fix that.
        
         | melenaboija wrote:
         | What still baffles me is how people act like this was some kind
         | of thoughtful decision.
         | 
         | When you put someone incompetent in charge of a country, a
         | company, or a sports team, collapse is inevitable, no
         | exceptions. We've seen it play out over and over again because
         | of stupid choices only driven by ego.
         | 
         | Now it's the US's turn
        
           | varispeed wrote:
           | I wonder how much more evidence American people need to see
           | Trump for being a Russian asset and working against US
           | interests.
           | 
           | We are in treason territory.
        
             | random42_ wrote:
             | People that support him don't care about evidence. It's a
             | cult following.
        
               | varispeed wrote:
               | Authorities focused on "classic" terrorism when
               | monitoring online content and propaganda and got
               | completely blindsided by the take over of the media.
               | 
               | I find it particularly interesting how many popular US
               | media people disseminate provably false Kremlin
               | propaganda, as if someone flipped a switch.
               | 
               | Fascinating times.
        
               | energy123 wrote:
               | They knew about it back in 2014 but Obama didn't do
               | enough about it.
        
             | Bombthecat wrote:
             | Propaganda and lead poisoning did a number here.
             | 
             | It's the perfect storm.
             | 
             | I don't see an end to this
        
               | pc86 wrote:
               | The best thing about your comment is you could be
               | referring to Trump, or the GP. 9 out of 10 people who
               | read your comment will say "hell yeah" and think you
               | agree with them whether you do or not.
               | 
               | Brilliant.
        
               | Bombthecat wrote:
               | The people who know what the effects of lead poisoning
               | are, know :D
        
             | pc86 wrote:
             | I can fully understand how people on both the left and the
             | right could have ideological differences with Trump, how
             | they can hate the way he interacts with people, think he's
             | picking unqualified cronies for high level jobs, etc. I
             | disagree with the last one but I can at least see how a
             | reasonable person would get to that conclusion.
             | 
             | "Trump is committing treason because he is instituting
             | tariffs" or "Trump is a Russian asset" is not a position
             | any reasonably intelligent person can come to without being
             | blinded by partisanship. It's simply not a serious position
             | to have.
        
               | jeremyjh wrote:
               | If Trump were a Russian asset, what could he possibly do
               | to advance their interests more than what he is already
               | doing? Hell, he is running Putin's playbook on Canada and
               | Greenland. Did you vote for that?
               | 
               | NATO is already over because none of our allies can
               | expect Trump to honor our treaty obligations.
        
               | marcusverus wrote:
               | > If Trump were a Russian asset, what could he possibly
               | do to advance their interests more than what he is
               | already doing?
               | 
               | Rhetoric is a poor substitute for actual evidence.
               | 
               | Many moons ago, the fringe right used a similar argument
               | to imply that Barack Obama was pro-ISIS. After his hasty
               | withdrawal from Iraq, ISIS filled the power vacuum. Their
               | "caliphate" grew for years and years, with no significant
               | intervention from the US! At the time there wasn't a
               | great answer to the question "If Obama were pro-ISIS,
               | what could he possibly do to advance their interests more
               | than he already has?". Yet (hopefully) we all know that
               | this was simply bad faith, conspiratorial rhetoric. He
               | was obviously not pro-ISIS, and there was no evidence
               | whatsoever that he was. So how could people possibly have
               | entertained such an idea? Easy--they already hated Barack
               | Obama, so they were willing to give the conspiracy theory
               | the benefit of the doubt.
               | 
               | Do yourself a favor and apply the old tried and true
               | standard: extraordinary claims require extraordinary
               | evidence. It'll save you a good deal of embarrassment.
        
               | actionfromafar wrote:
               | Obama could have invited ISIS to talks with his security
               | advisor. He could have made any sanctions on them
               | toothless. I'm sure there's more.
        
               | varispeed wrote:
               | Have you seen Obama disseminating ISIS propaganda?
        
               | marcusverus wrote:
               | Your conspiracy theory isn't coherent enough to be
               | implied. Make the argument.
        
               | jeremyjh wrote:
               | Trump and his administration do spread Kremlin falsehoods
               | and talking points. This was a major sticking point in
               | Gabbard's confirmation. For instance, she spread the
               | false claim that Ukraine was developing bioweapons that
               | are a threat to Russia. Trump himself repeated the false
               | claim that Zelensky has a poor approval numbers and is
               | preventing elections because he's a dictator. Trump also
               | said Ukraine started the conflict. In his last admin he
               | said that "Crimeans want to be Russian".
        
               | throwaway17422 wrote:
               | Regardless of what his intentions might be which are all
               | speculations as far as I'm concerned, he managed to
               | convince Europe to rearm in 1 month, which is a net
               | positive for Europe and America (assuming America still
               | sees that as a positive) and a massive blow for Russia.
        
               | lostmsu wrote:
               | How about stopping to supply Ukraine with weapons?
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | He's been trying to do that as well.
               | 
               | https://www.nytimes.com/2025/03/04/world/europe/trump-
               | ukrain...
        
               | lostmsu wrote:
               | Considering there's nothing stopping him really, what
               | does "trying" mean exactly?
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | By that I mean he did it, briefly, then probably got a
               | lot of push back internally and rolled it back. The whole
               | event seemed like a chance to drum up an excuse to drop
               | support for Ukraine, but ultimately wasn't enough of a
               | reason to present.
               | 
               | I don't really see another way to take that. Have you
               | watched the full exchange on it?
               | 
               | And I mean his first impeachment was because of his
               | impounding of aid to Ukraine.
               | 
               | Acting like he hasn't been working towards killing
               | support for Ukraine is ignoring his actions and his own
               | statements.
        
             | bloomingeek wrote:
             | Well, enough of some Americans elected a convicted felon to
             | the Oval Office, so...
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | >and working against US interests.
             | 
             | >We are in treason territory.
             | 
             | Are we just going to start throwing "treason" accusations
             | whenever a political opponent does the wrong thing? Being
             | anti-free trade? Hurts US hegemony and makes US consumers
             | pay more. Treason. Being pro-free trade? Sells out hard
             | working americans while enriching corporations. Treason.
        
             | dddrh wrote:
             | You could not have designed a more effective version of a
             | "Manchurian Candidate" in my opinion.
             | 
             | In fact, this administration has been so effective and
             | brazen that if you were to try and write this as fiction,
             | the scope and scale of what is occurring would be deemed
             | unbelievable and would require toning down for the
             | audience.
        
             | dmschulman wrote:
             | Russia noticeably absent from the global and per-country
             | tariffs
        
               | ImJamal wrote:
               | Trump is allegedly planning on sanctions against Russia
               | if they do not agree to his peace plan.
               | 
               | Trump just added some additional sanctions on Russia for
               | helping the Houthis.
               | 
               | Sanctions seem worse than tariffs to me, but I'm not an
               | expert.
               | 
               | https://www.reuters.com/world/us/us-sanctions-russia-
               | based-n...
        
               | varispeed wrote:
               | He didn't add sanctions on Russia, but on people dealing
               | with Russia - that's a different thing.
               | 
               | But notice how people talk now - Trump might say he is
               | "planning" something against Russia and people take it as
               | a proof that he is not an asset. They forget about
               | concept of sacrificing something to gain advantage. If
               | heat turns to much on Trump, they might let him disrupt
               | something and then run propaganda that Trump isn't bent.
               | Until he makes next move massively benefitting Putin.
               | 
               | Seems like they can be doing this over and over and
               | general public will see it as Trump just navigating
               | difficult geopolitical landscape and that we should
               | "trust the process". etc.
        
               | ImJamal wrote:
               | I am not sure why you are calling this out seeing how
               | many people are hypothesising what is going to happen in
               | this thread (economy destroyed, USD no longer reserve
               | currency, etc). At least we have actual words to base
               | what I wrote unlike all the other theories being thrown
               | out in this thread.
        
           | tgv wrote:
           | > What still baffles me is how people act like this was some
           | kind of thoughtful decision.
           | 
           | I'm afraid it is. An unholy coalition of capitalist-
           | anarchists and ultra-conservatives is the driving force
           | behind it. They both want to reduce the influence of the
           | government to a level as small as possible. That can only be
           | done by dismantling the current federal government.
        
             | FrustratedMonky wrote:
             | That's what really blows my mind. Growing up as Reagan
             | Republican. When did Republicans go from law-and-order, to
             | anarchists?
             | 
             | Traditionally anarchism is a left-liberal idea. Now the
             | far-right is same as far-left. Left-Right is now a circle.
        
               | giraffe_lady wrote:
               | This is a very strange view of it. Anarchism is extremely
               | far from liberalism. "Anarcho-capitalists" are more or
               | less just extreme libertarians, they share no history or
               | ideology with any other anarchist movements, no other
               | anarchist movements recognize them as anarchists.
               | 
               | The far left and the far right are not the same either
               | where do you even get that! A far left party in the
               | american context is something like democratic socialism,
               | or sure why not actual marxist-leninism. While the far
               | right is proud boys, groypers, literal neonazis,
               | christian integrationists. You may have equal distaste
               | for both but that doesn't mean they share anything else.
        
               | FrustratedMonky wrote:
               | "no other anarchist movements recognize them as
               | anarchists."
               | 
               | Once you go down the rabbit whole of trying to define
               | 'anarchist' , there are actually dozens of definitions,
               | and they all argue about who is really anarchist. So,
               | that they don't agree that some other group isn't 'really
               | anarchist', I take it with grain of salt .
               | 
               | These extreme Republicans want to get rid of government.
               | I'm using the highest level gloss over, that No-
               | Government is Anarchism.
               | 
               | I'm sure in reality, humans would re-coalesce up in
               | communes/tribes/feudal groupings, and thus re-form local
               | groups, and is that still Anarchism? At what point of
               | organization do we stop saying something is 'anarchism'.
               | I'm just saying, when the US breaks up because there is
               | no government, it will be anarchy, and that seems to be
               | what Republicans are shooting for..
        
               | giraffe_lady wrote:
               | > Once you go down the rabbit whole of trying to define
               | 'anarchist' , there are actually dozens of definitions
               | 
               | Which is why I avoided providing or using any definition
               | of anarchism, instead describing the actions of people
               | who consider themselves anarchists.
               | 
               | > and they all argue about who is really anarchist.
               | 
               | Yes, but there is only one group who consistently
               | considers themselves anarchists but who _exactly zero
               | other anarchist groups recognize as anarchists_. All
               | other anarchist movements have at least one mutually-
               | recognized peer movement. I 'm not saying this is an
               | absolute or the only definition, but it's very useful in
               | this context. There _is_ something different about
               | ancaps.
               | 
               | > These extreme Republicans want to get rid of
               | government.
               | 
               | They do not! They are not proposing an elimination of the
               | military or police departments or prisons, for example.
               | They are using the DoJ to pursue political enemies, the
               | executive branch to enact and enforce tariffs. In fact
               | exactly the parts of the state that are used to create
               | and enforce hierarchy. I do not know any anarchist
               | movements, other than anarcho-capitalism, that has this
               | goal.
               | 
               | I understand why your view of it is alluring, I find it
               | to be so as well. But I have found that it simply has
               | very little explanatory power for this situation.
               | 
               | The only thing the far left and right truly share I
               | think, is radicalism. By which I mean an intention or
               | acceptance of rapid and comprehensive change to the
               | dynamics of daily life for the whole population. But the
               | actual changes they want have virtually no overlap.
        
               | razakel wrote:
               | Anarcho-capitalists are not anarchists. They share no
               | history or ideology with any of the other variants of
               | anarchism.
               | 
               | They're extreme libertarians/neo-feudalists.
        
               | FrustratedMonky wrote:
               | How are you not seeing how "extreme libertarians/neo-
               | feudalists" is similar to anarchism?
        
               | razakel wrote:
               | Anarchists don't want a king. Neo-feudalists want to be
               | the king.
        
               | FrustratedMonky wrote:
               | extreme libertarian's don't.
               | 
               | Maybe don't put libertarians and feudalist together.
        
               | 52-6F-62 wrote:
               | Peter Thiel most definitely wants a form of kingship
               | though he professes to be a libertarian
               | 
               | I believe it means libertarian in the context of present
               | systems. In their new system, they no longer need to be
               | libertarian. Just absolute ruler. King is even the wrong
               | term.
               | 
               | Dictator
        
               | FrustratedMonky wrote:
               | I didn't realize. I guess libertarians have morphed into
               | something new.
               | 
               | Can't believe they would be publicly calling for a
               | monarchy, and still call themselves libertarian.
        
               | sharemywin wrote:
               | technically they would be closer war lords in my opinion.
        
               | chimpanzee wrote:
               | Anarchism is not just "no government", but rather "no
               | rulers".
               | 
               | Leftist anarchists are acutely aware that power and
               | capital accumulation go hand-in-hand.
               | 
               | Extreme libertarians are perfectly fine with the
               | unfettered accumulation of capital and seemingly ignore
               | that that results in unchecked power. Or they have faith
               | that a "truly" free economy would somehow check itself
               | before becoming effectively neo-feudalistic or
               | dictatorial. As if the lion would fear the zebra.
               | 
               | Leftist-anarchists want to keep power to an absolute
               | minimum. Usually relying on a combination of culture and
               | group action to wield just enough power to prevent the
               | growth of unchecked power in the hands of a few.
               | 
               | In my mind, culture is the key element. The capital-
               | worshipping, me-versus-all culture we live in would fit
               | quite well into extreme-libertarianism and then it would
               | devolve into defacto rule by a few. (As seems to be
               | happening anyways. Because, again, capital accumulates,
               | protects itself and takes power where it can when no one
               | is willing to or allowed to work together to stop it.)
               | 
               | Leftist-anarchism requires a more mature, selfless,
               | introspective, cooperative culture. Anathema to the
               | "United" States of America.
        
               | mr_toad wrote:
               | > Leftist-anarchists want to keep power to an absolute
               | minimum. Usually relying on a combination of culture and
               | group action to wield just enough power to prevent the
               | growth of unchecked power in the hands of a few.
               | 
               | Most anarchists, just like hard-line communists, seem
               | totally opposed to the idea of private capital at all. To
               | me this seems just as bad and unworkable as allowing
               | unchecked use of capital accumulation for political gain.
        
               | chimpanzee wrote:
               | They are opposed to private capital such as the private
               | ownership of the means of production, eg land and
               | infrastructure.
               | 
               | They are generally not opposed to personal property,
               | especially if the property is actively used.
               | 
               | Extreme libertarians, "anarcho-capitalists", do not
               | distinguish between productive and nonproductive
               | property. And so they ignore the end result of private
               | ownership and accumulation of the means of production:
               | new rulers in some form.
               | 
               | Opinions on money and currency vary.
               | 
               | Similarly, opinions on wage labor vary, but generally
               | they expect a laborer to receive their full worth, ie
               | wage labor would not see profit extracted from it.
        
               | n3storm wrote:
               | Yes please, more people spreading this information.
        
               | rocmcd wrote:
               | How do you get libertarians mixed in there? Libertarians
               | want freedom from government, not the consolidation of
               | power nor levy of new taxes (which tariffs are). Apart
               | from downsizing select government organizations, what the
               | current administration is doing is the exact opposite of
               | what libertarians would want.
        
               | Workaccount2 wrote:
               | Tariffs are only part 1 of the plan. The next step is
               | cutting income tax entirely for most people. Trump has
               | said this, and even yesterday called on congress to pass
               | his "Big Beautiful Bill".
               | 
               | This would severely hamstring the government, and make it
               | incredibly difficult to reverse (you would need to re-
               | implement income taxes, while removing tariffs, and hope
               | to god that trading partners have mercy and forgiveness
               | (unlikely))
        
               | mr_toad wrote:
               | > They're extreme libertarians/neo-feudalists.
               | 
               | The ancient Greeks would have called it Tyranny. All of
               | this has happened before.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | It's not "anarchism" it's simply rolling back the bad
               | parts of Reagan's legacy: free trade,
               | immigration/amnesty, and foreign empire.
               | 
               | When Democrats embraced free trade and globalism with
               | Clinton, most of the liberal Reagan republicans and
               | neocons became Democrats. What MAGA is today is what the
               | bulk of the GOP has always been: a coalition of social
               | conservatives and business owners.
        
               | scarface_74 wrote:
               | Business owners don't like the tariffs either. Even
               | American car companies are being hurt by tariffs on steel
               | and car parts.
        
               | FrustratedMonky wrote:
               | "Democrats embraced free trade and globalism with
               | Clinton"
               | 
               | History would disagree with this. Republicans and Big
               | Business were always for free trade and globalism.
               | 
               | Because in 80's-90's, big-corp was salivating over that
               | sweet cheap-cheap foreign labor. To put this on Democrats
               | is a retcon.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | No, I agree with you. My point is that Democrats embraced
               | it in the 1990s as well. So the Republicans who were
               | otherwise liberals but just in the GOP for the cheap
               | foreign labor switched sides.
        
               | mochomocha wrote:
               | What is so bad about free trade?
               | 
               | Isn't competition in free markets something Republicans
               | believe in anymore? Because forcing Americans to buy
               | inferior locally-made products at a premium through
               | artificial restrictions surely isn't that.
               | 
               | Free trade and globalization are also a pacifying force,
               | by creating mutual dependencies between countries.
               | 
               | Protectionism doesn't work.
        
               | lapcat wrote:
               | > What MAGA is today is what the bulk of the GOP has
               | always been: a coalition of social conservatives and
               | business owners.
               | 
               | I'm skeptical of this historical analysis.
               | 
               | The two major political parties fundamentally realigned
               | during the civil rights era of the 1960s. Before then,
               | Democrats controlled the south. Strom Thurmond switched
               | from Democrat to Republican in 1964. George Wallace ran
               | for President as a Democrat 3 times before he became an
               | independent. Robert Byrd was a Democrat until the end.
               | Who were the "social conservatives"? Both Ronald Reagan
               | and Richard Nixon (Californians, by the way) made their
               | names as staunch Cold Warrior anti-Communists during the
               | McCarthy era.
               | 
               | I don't think there's any such thing as what "the GOP has
               | always been", or what the Democrats have always been, for
               | that matter. I'm old enough to have seen the parties
               | change several times, and the definitions of
               | "conservative", "liberal", "left", "right" morph into
               | something unrecognizable to former adherents.
               | 
               | The only constant is change.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | > The two major political parties fundamentally realigned
               | during the civil rights era of the 1960s.
               | 
               | This is an incorrect analysis looking at the wrong causal
               | factor (civil rights rather than economics). Even in
               | 1976, Carter did great in the deep south. The realignment
               | happened in the 1980s, due to economic growth in the
               | south. The south went from being poor and agrarian in the
               | 1930s to being newly industrialized in the 1980s.
               | 
               | > Who were the "social conservatives"?
               | 
               | The 19th century GOP was a coalition of religious
               | conservatives and protectionist industrialists. MAGA is a
               | coalition of religious/cultural conservatives and
               | protectionist industrialists.
        
               | lapcat wrote:
               | > Even in 1976, Carter did great in the deep south.
               | 
               | Carter was a southern conservative, deeply, overtly
               | Christian, whereas Ford, the accidental President, was a
               | northerner and social moderate.
               | 
               | In any case, Presidential elections are not necessarily
               | the best indicator of political alignment. After all,
               | some were blowouts, such as 1972, 1980, and 1984. On
               | other other hand, note that Lyndon Johnson lost much of
               | the south, except his home state of Texas, despite
               | winning big elsewhere in the country. But for political
               | alignment, you also have to look at local elections, such
               | as state houses.
               | 
               | > The realignment happened in the 1980s, due to economic
               | growth in the south. The south went from being poor and
               | agrarian in the 1930s to being newly industrialized in
               | the 1980s.
               | 
               | This makes no sense, because first, the south is still
               | poorer, and second, the political correlation you're
               | implying simply doesn't exist. Why would wealth and
               | industrialization turn a state Republican when that
               | doesn't appear to be the case anywhere else in the
               | country? To the contrary, at present the rural areas are
               | solidly Republican and the urban areas solidly
               | Democratic.
               | 
               | > The 19th century GOP was a coalition of religious
               | conservatives and protectionist industrialists.
               | 
               | I can't say I'm very familiar with the 19th century GOP,
               | and neither of us was alive in the 19th century, but I
               | don't think you've correctly characterized the 20th
               | century GOP. Moreover, I don't think you can characterize
               | "the party of Lincoln" as socially conservative either.
        
               | sjsdaiuasgdia wrote:
               | Carter was from Georgia. Think that might've helped how
               | he did in the south?
               | 
               | Don't think that data point is as good as you imply it
               | is.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | > Now the far-right is same as far-left. Left-Right is
               | now a circle.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horseshoe_theory
        
               | api wrote:
               | It's because the far left and the far right are both made
               | of up of people deeply disaffected by the status quo, and
               | when those people talk they often find that at the very
               | least many of their grievances overlap.
               | 
               | In terms of today's landscape there is a list of things
               | like LGBTQ issues, race, gender equality, abortion,
               | religion, etc., and if you avoid things on that list
               | you'll find a huge overlap between the views of the far
               | left and the far right. Both are broadly opposed to
               | what's popularly called neoliberalism, the post-
               | Reagan/Clinton post-cold-war order, and the reasons for
               | this opposition overlap quite a bit if you again avoid
               | the topics that I listed. From that perspective, blowing
               | up the system is the goal. When they see trade policies
               | like these crash the present system, they view that as a
               | success because they think the current system is such a
               | mistake that it must be smashed.
               | 
               | (I am not making a judgment in this post, just explaining
               | the landscape.)
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | Correct. The left and right seem like a circle because
               | Pat Buchanan and Bernie Sanders long had a large overlap
               | on issues that have become highly salient today:
               | immigration and free trade.
        
               | CalChris wrote:
               | Reagan's administration was very corrupt. So that law and
               | order evidently didn't apply to them. It was also very
               | profligate. So that fiscal conservatism didn't apply to
               | them. I don't see a lot of difference between the actor
               | Ronald Reagan and the actor Donald Trump. Maybe in degree
               | but not in kind.
               | 
               | I've been a left liberal my whole life. We haven't gone
               | anywhere.
        
             | kaashif wrote:
             | Dismantling the federal government by massively increasing
             | the role of government in trade and imposing the biggest
             | tax increase in a century?
             | 
             | That doesn't sound right...
        
               | giantrobot wrote:
               | The GP didn't say the people pushing this were smart or
               | intellectually honest.
        
               | Workaccount2 wrote:
               | The next step is to cut income tax for under $150k/yr
               | earners. Tariffs raise prices by 20%, tax cuts let you
               | keep 20% more earnings.
               | 
               | This would make the federal government dependent on
               | tariff income, and, as the theory goes, diminish the
               | funds the government has as American industry grows to
               | avoid tariffs.
               | 
               | Probably not going to work out as it is only a first
               | order effect view, but that is the idea they are chasing.
        
               | thefreeman wrote:
               | Except they aren't cutting taxes by 20% for people under
               | 150k. They are pushing a tax cut which disproportionately
               | affects the top 1%.
        
               | Workaccount2 wrote:
               | Trump has explicitly stated he wants to eliminate income
               | taxes for people earning under $150k.
               | 
               | Ironically (but not really if you can clearly understand
               | his platform, any why so many bernie bros became
               | trumpets), Trump is doing a lot of ostensibly good things
               | for the uneducated working class at the expense of
               | American "elite" class. The autoworkers union president
               | literally spoke yesterday at Trumps event cheering the
               | tariffs. A union, cheering Trump.
               | 
               | The stock market is off a cliff, but how many factory
               | workers actually have an appreciable amount of stocks?
               | Poor middle America doesn't give a fuck about that. They
               | give a fuck about having a place to go to work and make a
               | good living.
               | 
               | Trump is doing what he was elected to do. Whether or not
               | it is possible without making things _much worse_ seems
               | like a long shot, but his core base has a  "I don't care
               | if we destroy the system, the system sucks!" attitude,
               | awfully similar to Bernie bros.
        
               | XorNot wrote:
               | Think of it like when you take a car apart and now it's
               | taking up more of the garage then when it was together.
        
             | belter wrote:
             | > An unholy coalition of capitalist-anarchists and ultra-
             | conservatives is the driving force behind it.
             | 
             | It's called Oligarchy.
        
             | olalonde wrote:
             | Capitalist-anarchists are certainly opposed to tariffs -
             | after all, tariffs are just taxes that expand government
             | influence. Protectionism is a left-wing, big-government
             | policy.
        
           | rayiner wrote:
           | There's been many people opposed to free trade for decades,
           | on both sides like Pat Buchanan and Bernie Sanders. You can
           | think those guys are incorrect in their analysis, but calling
           | it "mindless" is just ridiculous.
           | 
           | This tariff regime is simply a "minimal viable product" aimed
           | at the idea of reducing structural trade deficits.
        
             | tiahura wrote:
             | In economic terms, its a transfer from consumers of cheap
             | goods to producers.
        
             | dashundchen wrote:
             | Just posting something doesn't make it true. Don't be
             | disingenuous by making it seems like Sanders supports this
             | idiotic "plan" just because he spoke out in favor of
             | certain tariffs or against parts of free trade in the past.
             | 
             | In fact he called these tariffs along with Trump's plan to
             | cut taxes on he wealthy an absurd transfer of wealth:
             | 
             | > Trump's absurd idea to replace the income tax with a
             | sales tax on imported goods would be the largest transfer
             | of wealth in U.S. history. If enacted, taxes would go up by
             | over $5,000 a year for a middle class family, while those
             | in the top 0.1% would get a $1.5 million tax break.
             | 
             | https://xcancel.com/BernieSanders/status/185093380938413710
             | 6
             | 
             | And Trump's economic plan "insane"
             | 
             | > https://www.nbcnews.com/meet-the-press/video/bernie-
             | sanders-...
             | 
             | Many agree, most polls have Trump far underwater in his
             | handling of the economy.
             | 
             | > Respondents gave Trump poor marks for his handling of the
             | economy, which 37% approved of, with 30% approving of his
             | work to address the high cost of living, an issue that also
             | dogged Biden.
             | 
             | https://www.reuters.com/default/trump-approval-
             | falls-43-lowe...
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | Sanders was a protectionist until it became seen as
               | treasonous in Democrat circles:
               | https://sandersinstitute.org/event/rep-bernie-sanders-
               | oppose...
        
               | dashundchen wrote:
               | Again, just because Sanders would support some
               | protectionist policies doesn't mean he supports the
               | tariffs going on now. He's on the record saying they're a
               | regressive sales tax benefiting the wealthy.
               | 
               | Which is why I was pointing out your comment is
               | disingenuous by insinuating Sanders would support the
               | tariffs because it's anti-free trade.
        
               | unethical_ban wrote:
               | You're really driving home this "Hey everyone, Trump is
               | just doing exactly what Pat Buchanan and Bernie Sanders
               | agreed to do".
               | 
               | This is the equivalent of saying that any anti-war
               | protester is instantly a complete ideological pacifist.
               | It's illogical.
               | 
               | I challenge you to find a policy paper endorsed by
               | Sanders that said "let's do universal tariffs on the
               | entire planet by taking the inverse of our trade balance
               | - and leave Russia out of it".
               | 
               | Everyone knows tariffs are a tool, often meant to
               | encourage domestic production (when applicable and
               | feasible) or to protect against unfair foreign trade
               | practices.
               | 
               | They do not work as a permanent source of revenue in the
               | modern era, and they can never operate as both a strong
               | source of revenue AND a tool for repatriation of
               | production. If they work as revenue, that means
               | production stays foreign. If they work as incentive, they
               | will diminish in revenue.
               | 
               | Nothing about this makes sense unless your goal is to
               | tear down the US and the USD as a global economic power
               | and global reserve currency. This is not about making
               | America strong.
        
               | mr_toad wrote:
               | Protectionism is usually about protecting existing jobs
               | and industries.
               | 
               | This idea of blanket tariffs to try and kickstart
               | industries is unique.
        
             | specialist wrote:
             | Yes and: IIRC, their _intent_ is to bolster the US dollar
             | as the reserve currency.
             | 
             | Not that I understand it, cuz am noob:
             | 
             | Admin thinks US dollar is too strong. So they want to
             | devalue it. Which will then trigger a sell off of US
             | Treasuries, further devaluing the US dollar.
             | 
             | I have no idea if this is the Admin's actual plan, the
             | merit of such a plan, or if there's any realistic hope for
             | achieving the intended outcome.
             | 
             | If any one can make any of this make sense, please chime
             | in. TIA.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | Devaluing the currency is a standard approach to
               | encouraging an export-oriented economy. See China and
               | Japan.
        
             | toddmorey wrote:
             | My theory is that it actually has nothing to do with trade
             | at all--why else would the story changes so much when they
             | are asked to describe the methodology or rationale?
             | 
             | This is how they cut taxes without cutting taxes. They've
             | even said as much: "We'll do this huge tax cut and revenue
             | from tariffs will pay for it." But tariff revenue IS tax.
             | It's just a tax on spending versus income. It's quite
             | clever because a tax on spending disproportionately impacts
             | the poor and the middle class (who spend a much higher
             | percentage of their income).
        
           | rtkwe wrote:
           | For extra sauce on the "they're barely even thinking about
           | this" cake someone figured out where those crazy "Tariff
           | Charged" numbers were coming from, they're taking the trade
           | deficit and dividing by the total imports from that country.
           | 
           | https://imgur.com/a/jBTiz7T
           | 
           | edit: The White House deputy press secretary posted their
           | formula and it is just trade_deficit/2*total_imports per
           | country just dressed up with a lot of fancy language to make
           | it seem smarter but the two extra terms are constants.
           | 
           | https://x.com/KushDesai47/status/1907618136444067901
        
             | dsco wrote:
             | I've seen this comment a couple of times. What would be a
             | better way of doing it? Also consider that if they would've
             | had a more complex formula, what would be the cost of
             | needing to explain it publicly? Would they then need to
             | start defending the fairness of each tariff vs doing it the
             | simple way and having a single formula across the board?
        
               | rtkwe wrote:
               | Consider actual tariffs? A trade deficit isn't a tariff
               | or trade barrier it's just the natural flow of commerce
               | from them selling more stuff than they buy. They're
               | dressing it up like these countries are charging US
               | imports these crazy tariffs but they're not at all,
               | especially not across the board.
               | 
               | That's imminently doable but would require more work than
               | plugging in 2 numbers from the US trade delegation
               | website so we get this complete lie instead. Trump has
               | had it in his head for ages that trade deficit == tariff
               | (or is lying about that to make his supporters swallow
               | this as the US just fighting back) and it's a completely
               | broken understanding of trade.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | > Consider actual tariffs? A trade deficit isn't a tariff
               | or trade barrier it's just the natural flow of commerce
               | from them selling more stuff than they buy
               | 
               | That's just defining what a trade deficit is, it doesn't
               | explain why trade deficits arise. For example, other
               | countries have cheaper labor and laxer environmental
               | regulations. Simply looking at the country's tariff rates
               | on U.S. goods doesn't account for the whole picture.
        
               | nkmnz wrote:
               | Yeah sure, Europe is absolutely known for their lax
               | environmental regulations...
        
               | scrollaway wrote:
               | GP said other countries, not "Europe". And Europe does
               | have cheaper labor. Even in western europe you can find a
               | 5x-10x difference in certain salaries especially in white
               | collar industries.
               | 
               | Assume good faith.
        
               | tremon wrote:
               | Other countries also have different population numbers.
               | To take a random example, why would e.g. Uruguay
               | (population 3.5M) buy as much from the US (population
               | 100x) as the US is able to buy from them?
               | 
               | Besides, if the trade volume is what determines the
               | tariff, why would any country want to have a trade
               | surplus with the US? The best solution for other
               | countries is to artificially limit their exports, or find
               | more reliable trading partners.
        
               | zuminator wrote:
               | On the face of it that sounds reasonable, but then you
               | look at say China with a 35x population over Canada yet
               | Canadians don't just buy _as much_ from China as vice-
               | versa, they buy CAD$65 billion more. So I don 't think
               | the argument that larger countries necessarily have a
               | deficit against their smaller trading partners holds
               | water.
               | 
               | I do agree that this madness will only encourage other
               | countries to conduct their trade elsewhere.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | > Other countries also have different population numbers.
               | To take a random example, why would e.g. Uruguay
               | (population 3.5M) buy as much from the US (population
               | 100x) as the US is able to buy from them
               | 
               | Because the U.S. can buy from Uruguay only as much as 3.5
               | million people in that country can produce.
        
               | jethro_tell wrote:
               | So, we aren't factoring in natural resources and the
               | different values they have either then?
        
               | rtkwe wrote:
               | First we don't import any where near all of Uruguay's
               | exports, in fact we're only about 8% of their actual
               | exports which should tell you this isn't the reason we
               | buy more from them than they do from us.
               | 
               | Next that's always going to be imbalanced because they
               | produce goods cheaper and can't afford as much as the
               | equivalent chunk of people in the US.
        
               | rtkwe wrote:
               | > cheaper labor and laxer environmental regulations
               | 
               | So we've exported our worst paying, most environmentally
               | damaging industries? I mean the rivers catching fire was
               | probably exciting but I'm not exactly pining to bring
               | that back...
               | 
               | Tariffs can only set those industries up for internal
               | markets, other countries will just continue to buy from
               | the cheaper source so the protected industry has to
               | continue to be protected.
               | 
               | Additionally who's going to work these labor intensive
               | industries? We're already at 4.1% unemployment, there's
               | not vast masses of people waiting for low paying work as
               | seamstresses and one of the other major prongs of the
               | Trump ideology is reducing immigration drastically so
               | we're going to squeezed on that end too.
               | 
               | Finally we've done mass tariffs before and it always ends
               | badly. Remember Smoot-Hawley? it deepened the Great
               | Depression because people thought they could turn to
               | protectionism to prop up and bring industry to the US. It
               | just doesn't work when broadly applied.
        
               | Henchman21 wrote:
               | How about "not doing it at all"?
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | How do you propose to fix deindustrialization?
        
               | bandrami wrote:
               | US industrial output is the highest it has ever been.
               | Where did you get the idea that we "deindustrialized"?
        
               | smallmancontrov wrote:
               | By looking at where things are made rather than by using
               | hedonic adjustments to multiply up INTC revenue until it
               | hides the problem (or whatever the strategy is today now
               | that INTC is flagging).
        
               | bandrami wrote:
               | Right, doing that shows US industrial output to be at its
               | highest level ever.
        
               | uoaei wrote:
               | Made or assembled?
        
               | bandrami wrote:
               | I mean, both? We actually track this stuff, you know? Or
               | at least we did until DOGE fired everybody who does that
        
               | uoaei wrote:
               | Then what is the breakdown between products
               | _manufactured_ here and those merely _assembled_?
        
               | smallmancontrov wrote:
               | Oh, you're one of the people who believes the "Made in
               | America" stickers. That explains a lot.
        
               | kelipso wrote:
               | Do people actually believe this? Maybe industrial output
               | according to some cooked up numbers or specific
               | industries.
        
               | bandrami wrote:
               | What made-up numbers are you using to pretend it's not
               | true?
        
               | kelipso wrote:
               | I'm not the one making unbelievable statements. Were you
               | one of those people who said there was no inflation at
               | all until the last possible moment?
        
               | bandrami wrote:
               | So provide _any_ measure by which US manufacturing output
               | has declined. Good luck!
        
               | AnimalMuppet wrote:
               | You're both making claims. How about _either one of you_
               | provides some actual numbers? (Or rayiner, for that
               | matter...)
        
               | bandrami wrote:
               | Google is free (for now), but if you need a link:
               | 
               | https://www.macrotrends.net/global-
               | metrics/countries/USA/uni...
        
               | AnimalMuppet wrote:
               | It is. But it's really a lousy conversation to have you
               | two going back and forth several times, with each of you
               | asking the other to substantiate their position, and
               | neither of you actually doing so.
        
               | atwrk wrote:
               | Here, US manufacturing output is _up_ 50% since 2010:
               | https://www.macrotrends.net/global-
               | metrics/countries/USA/uni...
               | 
               | That it's relative share in GDP is down during that time
               | means that other sectors were growing even faster (think
               | Google, Netflix and so on, so services instead of
               | things). That the service sector gains in relative
               | importance is actually a sign of an advanced economy,
               | every modern economy looks like that, not just the US.
        
               | kelipso wrote:
               | In the end, the problem is that China manufacturing
               | output is $4.6 trillion according to those numbers while
               | the US is $2.5 trillion, while it was around the same
               | back in 2010. This, along with its decline in percentage
               | of GDP is causing the perception, and it also is causing
               | decline in employment in manufacturing. The perception
               | matters ideologically and the employment issues matters
               | materially, and so we have these tariffs as an effort to
               | bring manufacturing back to the US.
        
               | smallmancontrov wrote:
               | Yes. People are very good at rationalizing self-serving
               | beliefs. Here's how the numbers were cooked:
               | 
               | https://qz.com/1269172/the-epic-mistake-about-
               | manufacturing-...
        
               | kelipso wrote:
               | Interesting, so basically no growth since 2007 if you
               | exclude computers, even with increased productivity. And
               | the drop in employment is insane and it's no wonder that
               | there is a huge political movement with fixing that as a
               | pillar. Not even to mention regional problems that have
               | been going on longer in the Rust Belt. Yeah I find it
               | pretty disgusting when workers in service based
               | industries like here have no sympathy for the workers in
               | these industries.
        
               | jopython wrote:
               | We lost 6 million manufacturing jobs over the past
               | decade.
        
               | bandrami wrote:
               | So? Manufacturing is not a jobs program. The output is
               | what matters.
               | 
               | You might as well say we "de-agriculturized" because we
               | automated farming.
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | Jobs is not the same as production. Many of the jobs are
               | lost due to automation. If you bring manufacturing back
               | to the US you'll be "hiring" a lot more robuts than
               | humans.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | US industrial output is much lower than it has been
               | relative to our consumption. We should mostly make in the
               | country the industrial products we consume.
        
               | CalChris wrote:
               | So you agree that we are not deindustrialized. Have a
               | nice day.
        
               | nkozyra wrote:
               | We are a consumer nation because we are more prosperous
               | than our peers. It's the same reason you buy your food at
               | a grocery store.
               | 
               | Generally, the clamoring for domestic production comes
               | down to: 1. Employment. But because we are more
               | prosperous, our employment is aimed elsewhere. We have
               | jobs for people that are less dangerous, less manual, and
               | better paid.
               | 
               | 2. A fear that without domestic production, we're at a
               | strategic or military disadvantage. But it's not that we
               | _can't_ produce in an emergency, we can and have
               | historically (see: oil in the 1970s). What protects us
               | most is hegemony, which is threatened by things like
               | across-the-board trade wars.
               | 
               | 3. Nostalgia for the good ol days. Look, if you want to
               | work in a factory, we have lots of them here, still.
               | Nobody will stop you from putting on the hard hat. But in
               | all likelihood you have a less stressful, less dangerous,
               | and better-paying job today.
               | 
               | There really isn't an argument for this. Our trade was -
               | as all trade is - mutually beneficial. Right now we're
               | pushing the glass to the edge of the table when it was
               | perfectly fine where it was.
               | 
               | One other important note: there are things we literally
               | cannot produce domestically due to lack of natural
               | availability (food products, certain textiles)
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | How can a "prosperous" nation sustainably consume more
               | than it produces?
        
               | bandrami wrote:
               | Growth. Same reason we never need the national debt to be
               | smaller than it is.
        
               | nkozyra wrote:
               | I think people look at "national debt" as though we're
               | buying trillions of dollars of stuff and not,
               | fundamentally, two things:
               | 
               | 1) mandatory saving for future, like a Social Security
               | for the country (which is ironically also comprised of
               | Social Security)
               | 
               | 2) investments made into the future of the country.
               | People buy T-bonds because they're reliable returns. Low
               | risk, relatively low reward. If suddenly our future looks
               | less bright, our debt will slow, but it will be a pretty
               | telling canary in the coal mine.
               | 
               | It's baffling to me that people generally don't grasp
               | this. They treat it as though we're just ... buying stuff
               | on a credit card.
        
               | bandrami wrote:
               | Like this goes back to Adam Smith; these questions have
               | been answered for a long time now
        
               | nkozyra wrote:
               | As long as there's someone to produce it ... forever?
               | 
               | I somehow keep eating 6-10 eggs a week despite not having
               | a chicken.
        
               | fauigerzigerk wrote:
               | Manufacturing as a share of GDP is bound to fall. It is
               | inevitably going the way of agriculture.
               | 
               | The US is in the envyable position of having developed a
               | globally dominant service sector. Putting that at risk of
               | retaliation by imposing tariffs on all imports, including
               | the lowest margin stuff like screws and bolts is utter
               | insanity.
               | 
               | https://www.ft.com/content/aee57e7f-62f1-4a57-a780-341475
               | cd8...
        
               | bandrami wrote:
               | We really shouldn't though.
               | 
               | Cargo culting "manufacturing jobs" isn't actually a plan.
               | 
               | (I also notice nobody is talking about bringing back
               | switchboard jobs or typing pool jobs)
        
               | Henchman21 wrote:
               | > We should mostly make in the country the industrial
               | products we consume.
               | 
               | You state this as fact that we should all agree on. Why
               | should we do this? Why not rely on our allies and friends
               | to do what they do well, while we continue to do what we
               | do well? Is trade not the basis of peace? If we stand
               | alone, we must ask why we must.
        
               | fzeroracer wrote:
               | I'm curious, are you personally volunteering to work in
               | the factories? Or is it a situation where we need
               | industrialization to come back but you personally are not
               | willing to see it through?
        
               | bandrami wrote:
               | I mean, is the poster in question a senior robotics
               | engineer? Because that's whose going to be working in any
               | factories that open. Maybe they'll have some security
               | guards and janitors, I guess
        
               | rat87 wrote:
               | Why? That's what trade is for
        
               | Balgair wrote:
               | Um, by picking and choosing what goods need protection in
               | the long term?
               | 
               | Like, we can't make more fish. Avocados take a few years
               | to grow new trees. Steel mills don't just appear in Ohio.
               | 
               | The worst part is that, even if you believe Donny, he's
               | so mercurial with these tariffs that no one is going to
               | give you a loan to do anything about any of this. This
               | Katy Perry doctrine [0] he's established is just poison
               | to any sort of capital investment. You've got no idea if
               | any of these tariffs will make it to Monday, let alone to
               | the time it takes the mortgage on your t-shirt factory to
               | be paid off. And then you've got a new administration in
               | four years and no idea if they will keep that protection
               | for you either. How are you going to plant a whole
               | vineyard and get it profitable in 4 years when grape
               | vines take 7 years to mature to fruit bearing?
               | 
               | There's no point to any of this, _even if_ you believe
               | him.
               | 
               | [0] 'Cause you're hot, then you're cold You're yes, then
               | you're no You're in, then you're out You're up, then
               | you're down You're wrong when it's right It's black, and
               | it's white We fight, we break up We kiss, we make up
        
               | griffzhowl wrote:
               | Overall I agree, but I'm not sure there's literally no
               | point. American primary producers will likely benefit -
               | people who own mines, oil wells, farms, etc., and some
               | American manufacturers too as long as they source enough
               | of their raw materials from within the US that the price
               | hikes on resources from overseas don't bite them too
               | much. Still an overall loss that will be borne by
               | American consumers, but a small section of the population
               | who are already wealthy will greatly benefit...
        
               | davidw wrote:
               | The point is, as this Senator explains, not economic, but
               | to gain leverage over companies and countries:
               | 
               | https://bsky.app/profile/chrismurphyct.bsky.social/post/3
               | llu...
               | 
               | "Do _____ and maybe we can cut you some slack on the
               | tariffs"
               | 
               | If there is a point and it's not just absolute stupidity.
        
               | Balgair wrote:
               | I think he's on to something, but then I come back to
               | Hanlon's Razor: Never assume conspiracy when stupidity
               | will do.
               | 
               | Sure, they might be trying to do this. But I'd give that
               | a ~3% chance.
               | 
               | There is no 'there' there.
               | 
               | They are 'burning down your house to cook a steak.'
               | 
               | The emperor has no clothes.
               | 
               | There are many more ways to say it, but as truly
               | unbelievable as my mind keeps insisting it is, these
               | people are just plain-jane morons.
        
               | davidw wrote:
               | Fair points. I go back and forth.
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | I genuinely thought his cabinet was at least competent,
               | they have credentials like they are at least, but then
               | fucking Signal happened and made it obvious what they
               | actually are:
               | 
               | The exact same kind of fail-upwards, born on third
               | thinking they hit a triple, grindset grifter, _loser mid-
               | level management_ nepobabies.
        
               | Balgair wrote:
               | > The exact same kind of fail-upwards, born on third
               | thinking they hit a triple, grindset grifter, loser mid-
               | level management nepobabies.
               | 
               | Could not have put it better myself.
               | 
               | Welcome back.
        
               | bodiekane wrote:
               | > people who own mines, oil wells, farms, etc.
               | 
               | Huge swaths of midwestern farmers will go bankrupt if
               | tariffs are imposed. Subsidies and exemptions are being
               | specifically added to prevent the complete collapse of
               | multiple red state economies due to the harm from the
               | tariffs.
               | 
               | Even things like oil and mines aren't guaranteed safe,
               | because of complexities around where refineries are, loss
               | of export market, or weakness of dollar offsetting any
               | nominal gains when looking at actual purchasing power.
        
               | coliveira wrote:
               | Exactly, tariffs may be a wise way to protect parts of
               | your industry that need protection and investment. The
               | Chinese for example have been using this tactic for
               | decades. But you need to choose which sectors to invest
               | in. The way Trump is doing is nothing more than an
               | instant devaluation of the dollar purchasing power.
        
               | griffzhowl wrote:
               | The problem is it's economically illiterate. Trade
               | deficits aren't bad in themselves - they can be a sign
               | that you're getting a good deal. Consider the case where
               | a country with low wages exports raw materials to the US,
               | and doesn't buy back as much from the US. This is the
               | situation for lots of poorer countries who are exporting
               | cheap raw materials to the US, and the US gains from
               | these situations. Trump's policy simply makes all these
               | raw materials more expensive.
               | 
               | Another way of reducing trade deficits would be to make
               | Americans so poor that they can't afford to buy things
               | from overseas. Eliminating trade deficits in itself isn't
               | a rational economic goal.
               | 
               | Having said that, American manufacurers on average will
               | likely benefit (though maybe not if their raw materials
               | are too much more expensive), but this benefit will only
               | come at the cost of American consumers, who are denied
               | cheaper options from overseas by the tariffs
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | You're calling Trump "economically illiterate," but what
               | you're saying will happen is exactly the motivation of
               | Trump's policy. He just thinks it's a good thing rather
               | than a bad thing.
               | 
               | Trump's bet is that the upsides will be borne
               | disproportionately by his base, while the downsides will
               | be borne disproportionately by Democrats' laptop-class
               | base. It's not irrational to think that will be the
               | result.
        
               | selimthegrim wrote:
               | Trump also thinks imports subtract from GDP.
        
               | Workaccount2 wrote:
               | I was just talking last night about how ironically the
               | things Trump is doing fall not to far from what Bernie
               | bros have dreamed of. Heavy tariffs and no income tax is
               | pretty much the conservative version of liberal hand
               | outs.
        
               | tzs wrote:
               | What do they expect to happen if the heavy tariffs either
               | move the manufacturing of those products to the US or
               | make the imports expensive enough that consumers switch
               | to domestic manufacturers?
               | 
               | That tanks the revenue from the tariffs, which would make
               | them an ineffective replacement for income tax.
        
               | apawloski wrote:
               | How will adding a tax to every single consumer good
               | benefit his base?
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | Because the taxes will encourage shifting production to
               | the U.S.
        
               | apawloski wrote:
               | How much do production workers get paid in China? How
               | will our production goods be affordable at American labor
               | rates? This strategy just makes everything more expensive
               | - nothing cheaper.
        
               | rtkwe wrote:
               | Exactly and even if it does work to reshore factories
               | (which will take years and we'll just ignore the question
               | of where all the workers for these factories will come
               | from, and that the goods needed for making those
               | factories are also being tariffed) they'll only be
               | competitive in a protected market so they're only really
               | producing for the US market which will be stunted because
               | costs would have inflated through the roof!
        
               | apawloski wrote:
               | Not to mention these are blanket tariffs, not protecting
               | specific American industries. So anything that's not
               | feasibly produced here will be more expensive anyway.
               | 
               | Yes everybody, we are taxing all of your groceries - but
               | all of those American coffee and banana farms (!) will be
               | protected.
        
               | xyzzyz wrote:
               | Sorry, who is saying that this will make things cheaper?
               | I haven't seen Trump or Vance argue this.
        
               | apawloski wrote:
               | I mean, a large point of their campaign was that price
               | increases were a major national concern, right? Can we
               | agree that they repeatedly made that point? I recall many
               | lawn signs to that effect.
               | 
               | So given that, I would have assumed that this
               | administration would focus on making things more
               | affordable. Instead, I'm seeing people try to explain to
               | me that, actually, raising the prices across the board is
               | a good thing!
               | 
               | To put it plainly, it seems like the administration
               | raising prices is, in fact, not a good thing for
               | Americans. And I don't see how American labor can produce
               | things that are more affordable than what we can buy now.
               | So it seems like a net negative, because ultimately they
               | are choosing to make everything more expensive for
               | consumers.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | J.p. morgan is predicting 1.5% higher price index due to
               | these tariffs. Even if that continues all four years,
               | it'll be much less than Biden.
        
               | apawloski wrote:
               | Lots of time to make up for causing the largest market
               | drop since COVID as well. Hopefully you're right and
               | everything will be fine.
        
               | ImJamal wrote:
               | Trump did decent in the rust belt. Many of them have lost
               | their good paying manufacturing jobs. If, and this is a
               | big if, we can bring back manufacturing in the US they
               | can get their jobs back.
        
               | apawloski wrote:
               | What is the time scale we are talking about when we talk
               | about this change?
        
               | ImJamal wrote:
               | GM announced they are going to hire some temporary
               | workers and expand overtime for existing workers before
               | the end of this month.
               | 
               | I'm sure there are more companies, but that is all I've
               | seen so far.
        
               | RankingMember wrote:
               | If I'm company leadership, I'm not doing anything but
               | trying to limit damage while this guy's in office. His
               | tariffs can turn on a dime- his petulance is business
               | poison.
        
               | griffzhowl wrote:
               | I don't think it's his base that will benefit. More the
               | owners of factories, mines, oil wells, etc.
        
               | rtkwe wrote:
               | > You're calling Trump "economically illiterate,"
               | 
               | I mean he's gone bankrupt 6 times including managing to
               | bankrupt a casino a business where on average people give
               | you money to get less money in return... He also confuses
               | simple economic terms like equating trade deficits with
               | tariffs.
        
             | rayiner wrote:
             | No. They're designed to scale with trade deficit expressed
             | as a percentage. Its not random.
             | https://www.understandingamerica.co/p/the-one-word-that-
             | expl...
        
               | StackRanker3000 wrote:
               | I don't understand what you're trying to say. What rtkwe
               | described is literally what they are? They didn't say the
               | tariffs are random (unless the comment changed, which
               | would explain why yours makes no sense to me), they said
               | they aren't what the White House is claiming they are.
               | 
               | If you think trying to balance out the trade deficit with
               | every single country without any other nuanced
               | consideration whatsoever is a good approach, that's one
               | thing (a lot of people would disagree), but there's no
               | getting around that the information around this is either
               | misinformed or deliberately misleading.
        
               | ttw44 wrote:
               | rayiner does this pretty consistently - strawmanning the
               | argument and acting confused, on most political threads
               | on hn.
        
               | oa335 wrote:
               | I notice he seems to have a GPT-level understanding of
               | issues, offering a thin justifications of his viewpoints,
               | and then just completely ignoring any substantive
               | discussions and instead only engaging in threads where he
               | is "winning".
               | 
               | IIRC he is a lawyer, a field where strategically
               | deploying intellectual dishonesty is particularly
               | advantageous.
        
               | throw16180339 wrote:
               | That's why I've stopped feeding the troll -- I just
               | downvote or flag when necessary. It's a shame because,
               | years ago, he was one of the better commenters on HN.
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | He's done this since at least 2016 so you can rest
               | assured he's not a bot.
               | 
               | This is a real human being making these apologetics and
               | using classic distraction and whataboutism techniques
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | I'm objecting to his characterization that "they're
               | barely even thinking about this." He makes it seem like
               | they picked this formula out of a hat. But there is an
               | ideological rationale to scaling tariffs up with the size
               | of the trade deficit, as described in the article I
               | linked.
        
               | oa335 wrote:
               | The "idealogical rationale" is not coherent or even
               | consistent with the papers that the administration cited:
               | 
               | From one economist who was cited in the rationale:
               | 
               | > It is not clear what the government note is referencing
               | or not from our work ... But I believe our work suggests
               | a much higher value should be used for the elasticity of
               | import prices to tariffs than what the government note
               | uses. ... The government note uses a value of 0.25 for
               | 'the elasticity of import prices with respect to
               | tariffs', denoted with the Greek letter phi. But our
               | estimates found a value of 0.943 -- very close to 1 --
               | for this elasticity.
               | 
               | From another:
               | 
               | > this is where the discrepancies between our work and
               | the table that President Trump showed arises ... our
               | results suggest that the EU should not be tariffed, and
               | yet they set high tariffs against them. Finally, our
               | range of optimal tariffs is substantially lower than the
               | ones the Administration just announced.
               | 
               | But it does provide a convenient fig-leaf rationalization
               | for the class of over-confident economically illiterate
               | folks to cling to, so it seems to have succeeded.
               | 
               | see: https://www.ft.com/content/bbaa8daf-b7b0-4dca-
               | bc23-c2e8eee68...
               | 
               | non-paywall: https://archive.ph/wip/JMgcP
        
               | StackRanker3000 wrote:
               | Why do you think the White House aren't simply saying
               | that, then, rather than claiming it's about reciprocal
               | tariffs and trade barriers?
        
               | rtkwe wrote:
               | Nope my edit was to add the bit I helpfully marked edit
               | to show where the White House had confirmed this was
               | their method while attempting to deny it.
        
             | jannyfer wrote:
             | I just asked ChatGPT with a lazy prompt: "Come up with a
             | formula to impose reciprocal tariffs that will reduce
             | America's trade deficit to zero" and it came up with
             | basically the same formula.
             | 
             | Oh man if people in the White House are just using
             | ChatGPT...
             | 
             | https://chatgpt.com/share/67ee890e-b400-800b-ac83-90a6147d3
             | 2...
             | 
             | (edit: fixed link)
        
               | api wrote:
               | The Terminator franchise had it that the AI has to nuke
               | humanity and fight a giant war including _time travel_ to
               | take over.
               | 
               | Nah, all it has to do is offer to be "helpful" and do
               | stuff for us and we'd be like "sure, go ahead, take over,
               | here let me cut and paste your advice right into a policy
               | document."
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | People keep asking me how AI will "take over", they don't
               | like my answer "humans are lazy and delegate everything
               | to the AI".
        
               | smallmancontrov wrote:
               | They don't like it because they know it's true.
        
               | ignoramous wrote:
               | > _chatgpt.com
               | /share/67ee890e-b400-800b-ac83-90a61463212_
               | 
               | 404.
               | 
               | > _White House are just using ChatGPT_
               | 
               | Likely, Grok? https://grok.com/share/c2hhcmQtMg%3D%3D_e8b
               | 4c405-3bb8-4f01-9...
        
               | alfiedotwtf wrote:
               | I can't believe that could be real at all, but then
               | remembered we're still on the "Biff has the Grey Sports
               | Almanac 1985" timeline
        
               | rtkwe wrote:
               | I never know for sure if that's the source or if the bots
               | are just reading the same "Tariffs for Dummies" source
               | the administration is working from.
        
             | stirlo wrote:
             | Good to see that Trump will be providing subsidies on goods
             | imported from Australia to balance out the -107% trade
             | relationship they have with them.
             | 
             | Oh wait its a 10% tariff on Australia too. Better make a
             | new version of this chart with a -117% benefit to the US
             | then...
        
           | vixen99 wrote:
           | I'm really do appreciate all those on HN who comment either
           | for or against these tariff measures by including cogent
           | arguments and relevant facts. As against ...
        
           | nopakos wrote:
           | > What still baffles me is how people act like this was some
           | kind of thoughtful decision
           | 
           | Maybe it's the "Why not inject disinfectant to beat covid"
           | [1] for the economy. But this time nobody around him said no.
           | (note: added around him)
           | 
           | [1] https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-52407177
        
             | Henchman21 wrote:
             | Loads of people are actually actively saying no. Those in
             | power have goals that don't comport with listening.
        
           | wyldfire wrote:
           | The clearest evidence of incompetence for all to see is
           | Trump's cabinet from his first term. If they're actively
           | speaking out against him, something is seriously wrong.
           | 
           | > Rex Tillerson on Trump: 'Undisciplined,' 'doesn't like to
           | read' and tries to do illegal things
           | 
           | Sadly, people didn't vote for Trump so much as they voted for
           | "anti-woke." Or: I am tired of being looked down on and this
           | is my revenge.
        
           | JohnHaugeland wrote:
           | > What still baffles me is how people act like this was some
           | kind of thoughtful decision.
           | 
           | It is. This is being done as part of a plan, with full
           | intent.
        
           | RankingMember wrote:
           | This is what forced me vastly curtail my news consumption for
           | the most part. I can only take so much breathless reporting
           | about the "strategy" of the Trump administration, when it's
           | plainly sheer incompetence with the winds of malice in the
           | background. There is no actual plan to "make America great
           | again", it's non-stop incompetent pandering to a base that
           | just wants others to suffer.
        
             | dboreham wrote:
             | This has been termed "sane washing" and is extremely
             | irritating: smart media people reverse engineering a
             | vaguely plausible logic from the regime's actions when on
             | closer inspection they never gave said logic as their
             | reasoning.
        
           | aswanson wrote:
           | Plenty of us knew the outcome would be catastrophic. We were
           | outvoted by the idiots.
        
             | gadflyinyoureye wrote:
             | Also you were outvoted because the Dems didn't have a
             | reasonable alternative. Mrs Harris was incompetent. She was
             | a poor public speaker, which further made her look
             | incompetent given her previous role as a prosecutor.
             | Further, the Dems didn't offer her as part of an open
             | primary. They forced her on everyone.
             | 
             | The US presently suffers from future shock and stilted
             | political process. We need more parties and better voting
             | options both in the HR department and the mechanical
             | process like ranked voting.
             | 
             | Since both parties benefit from the status quo, we shall
             | see no change.
        
               | aswanson wrote:
               | My cat is a reasonable alternative to the current potus.
               | Sometimes, the people get what they deserve.
        
               | unethical_ban wrote:
               | Agree with paragraph 2.
               | 
               | Paragraph 3 is a cynicism I don't yet fully buy: There
               | are enough liberals and so-called Democrats that care
               | about this country that perhaps they will be open to
               | ranked-preference voting and the opening of our
               | "political markets" to save the country.
               | 
               | Partial on paragraph 1. Biden should have left a lot
               | sooner, and Harris, loyal to the president and
               | unable/unwilling to break with him on anything of value,
               | should not have been the "pick".
               | 
               | But she was and is infinitely better for this country
               | than Trump in every manner, unless we're into
               | accelerationism. I don't think she is incompetent. She
               | was unwilling.
        
               | mr_toad wrote:
               | > Further, the Dems didn't offer her as part of an open
               | primary.
               | 
               | The only people promulgating this red herring would never
               | have voted for her anyway.
               | 
               | > She was a poor public speaker,
               | 
               | Compared to Trump? A man known for his incoherent
               | ramblings?
        
           | stego-tech wrote:
           | It's been our turn for a _hot minute_. Republicans have been
           | blowing up the status quo since Reagan, and the Democrats
           | enforcing austerity since Clinton. American corporate
           | leadership is excellent at hitting quarter-after-quarter KPIs
           | for bonuses and share price growth, but there's ample data it
           | has all come at the expense of workers - increased precarity,
           | decreased wages, increased costs of _everything_ , as the
           | country is plundered down to its core and sold off piecemeal.
           | 
           | Post-Carter United States (and South Korea, and Japan, and
           | the UK, and much of the developed world in general) is a
           | prime example of the follies of prioritizing numbers-on-a-
           | spreadsheet growth in the short term, over a balanced and
           | robust domestic economic engine that ensures a healthy,
           | happy, stable populace that wants to have kids (since they
           | have the money and time to be good parents).
        
             | energy123 wrote:
             | Clinton was the last fiscally responsible President, using
             | a strong real economy to pay down some of the debt which
             | had service costs equal to the costs of US federal debt
             | today. You can't criticize that given how high the debt was
             | in the 1990s.
        
               | stego-tech wrote:
               | I can when he did so not through raising revenue, but by
               | gutting social safety net programs.
               | 
               | If you have a debt problem, you need to both raise income
               | _and_ cut unnecessary spending. Clinton - and every
               | Democrat since Carter, really - only ever did the latter,
               | and always targeting the working class for spending cuts
               | as opposed to the corporate or wealthy classes. God
               | forbid we curtail subsidies to fossil fuel companies or
               | sugar producers or big box stores with a disproportionate
               | amount of workers on government assistance programs, god
               | forbid we stop bailing out failed banks or bankrupt
               | private enterprise, let's instead make sure poor people
               | can't have housing and children can't have three meals a
               | day.
               | 
               | Throwing large numbers around without examining _how_
               | those numbers were achieved is what politicians and
               | despots bank on the populace trusting, because once you
               | know _how_ those figures are reached, you're confronted
               | with how the system _really_ works and suddenly have a
               | distaste for it.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > Clinton was the last fiscally responsible President,
               | using a strong real economy to pay down some of the debt
               | 
               | The Clinton social program cuts combined with the Bush II
               | tax cuts is what gave us the poor distributional effects
               | of the 2001-2008 expansion, which both set the stage for
               | and magnified the impact on all but the narrow slice at
               | the top of the Great Recession; while they seemed
               | harmless in the unusually strong boom economy they were
               | implemented in, monentary nominal budget balance acheived
               | that way has had massive adverse long term effects.
               | 
               | It also, contrary to your claim, didn't pay down any of
               | the national debt, which increased by at least $100
               | billion every year of the Clinton presidency.
        
           | dboreham wrote:
           | In this case it's much much worse than just incompetent.
           | You're looking at someone who takes an evil delight it doing
           | the opposite of what smart people say to do, and destroying
           | stuff.
        
           | threetonesun wrote:
           | It seems thoughtful if you or your children or your friends
           | are heavily invested in crypto and think removing the USD as
           | the primary currency of trade is a good idea.
           | 
           | I know it's a Republican joke to blame evil meddling
           | globalists for the US's problems but it sure seems like a
           | bunch of people looking to ruin the US for their own global
           | ambitions are running the show right now.
        
             | Sharlin wrote:
             | Every accusation is an admission when it comes to
             | Republicans.
        
           | bitshiftfaced wrote:
           | > What still baffles me is how people act like this was some
           | kind of thoughtful decision.
           | 
           | I'm no economist, but I can see that there are second order
           | effects that this addresses that other systems would lack.
           | 
           | 1) Tit for tat on tariffs doesn't work because of other
           | barriers to trade such as currency manipulation, subsidies,
           | regulations, etc.
           | 
           | 2) We've learned from games such as iterated prisoner's
           | dilemma that strategies that succeed are ones that clearly
           | communicate how they'll act and respond. A clear formula such
           | as deficit/imports accomplished this. Countries know exactly
           | what they must address in order to access US markets.
           | 
           | 3) You can end up playing whack a mole with countries in that
           | they can set up shop in other countries to bypass tariffs in
           | their own country. By applying a consistent formula to all
           | countries, you no longer have to play whack a mole.
        
             | telllikeitisguy wrote:
             | Then why not just set a flat 10%? Why gut the industrial
             | subsidies? Why gut state capacity?
        
           | sebazzz wrote:
           | Luckily the US has quite some momentum so it can be hoped the
           | damage is limited before the next election so it can then be
           | reverted.
        
         | tw04 wrote:
         | I'm past the point of thinking people are just being crazy or
         | paranoid. Any baffling move this administration makes, I just
         | ask myself: what would Russia want?
         | 
         | And without fail, it explains the unexplainable. This move is a
         | prime example. This doesn't help the billionaires in America,
         | it doesn't help ANYONE in America, but is sure is a massive
         | bailout to a Russian economy that was on the verge of collapse.
        
         | DebtDeflation wrote:
         | > Since trade is conducted largely in USD, that means other
         | governments must purchase USD to trade.
         | 
         | This is just one facet of a broader point. When people talk
         | about a "trade deficit" what they are really talking about is
         | what's known in Economics as a "Current Account deficit". When
         | discussing international trade and Balance of Payments, there
         | are two accounts - Current Account (goods and services flow)
         | and Capital Account (asset and liability flow). By definition,
         | the two must net to zero. That's not an equation, it's an
         | identity. If you have a Current Account deficit then you have
         | an equivalent Capital Account surplus. It works in both
         | directions. For example, foreign direct investment into another
         | country in the form of a loan leads to a flow of funds into the
         | country (Capital Account surplus) and then those funds are used
         | to buy things (import) from the first country or other
         | countries, leading to a Current Account deficit.
        
           | tootie wrote:
           | I was just thinking about this and I'll bet you anything that
           | Trump is 100% hung up on the word "deficit" and that's about
           | it. If we said "net importer" or "goods taker" or something
           | like that we would not be in this situation.
        
             | hollerith wrote:
             | Good one. Trump doesn't want anyone to be able to point to
             | any _deficit_ in anything Trump is in charge of :)
        
           | sethammons wrote:
           | How does this impact consumables? The capital doesn't
           | balance, it disappears but the money used for it still exists
        
         | data_marsupial wrote:
         | They don't need to hold USD long term to complete transactions.
         | Transaction demand does not explain why the dollar is the
         | global reserve currency.
        
         | bko wrote:
         | I agree tariffs are harmful and counterproductive, even if
         | they're applied by the other side. My only hope is that this is
         | part of some grand bargain where other countries reduce theirs
         | on US goods and things reach a more balanced equilibrium.
         | 
         | It is interesting to note that none of this panic applied when
         | US trading partners imposed tariffs on US.
         | 
         | But if this is part of a larger shift in terms of funding the
         | government, I would be somewhat open minded. For instance, if
         | instead of taxing income, we had tariffs that play a role of
         | basically a sales tax, I think that has some benefits. For one,
         | I think tax policy should encourage productive work (income) as
         | opposed to consumption (sales). So a shift from income to
         | consumption taxes would be a positive development. You can make
         | adjustments so that its progressive (i.e. tax credits to cover
         | the first N dollars in consumption tax). The big problem is the
         | geo-political effect less trade might have and the effect on
         | the markets.
        
           | wkat4242 wrote:
           | > My only hope is that this is part of some grand bargain
           | where other countries reduce theirs on US goods and things
           | reach a more balanced equilibrium.
           | 
           | The thing is that we don't. That 39% Trump claims Europe is
           | levying on US goods? It doesn't exist. I've heard they
           | include VAT in this which makes no sense because it applies
           | to all goods including those made locally. That is not a
           | trade tariff. It's just internal taxation.
           | 
           | However I've also heard they calculated it with the trade
           | deficit (which in itself makes no sense, it's not a tariff)
           | but in the case of the EU that makes even less sense as Trump
           | always quotes the deficit on goods, but ignores the deficit
           | on services (eg IT) which is highly in favour of the US.
           | 
           | Also when I hear people say "they don't buy American cars in
           | Europe", we do have American brands like Ford and Tesla. Ford
           | just sell smaller models designed for our market here. Those
           | big SUVs and pickups are not suitable for our traffic or
           | environment.
        
             | bko wrote:
             | I agree that if it was part of a grand bargain it wouldn't
             | be so large, which makes me think its either just an insane
             | opening play or it's being used to change how the US funds
             | itself (the second part of my response)
        
             | layer8 wrote:
             | The average effective tariffs on US imports to the EU are
             | 2.7%, whereas for EU imports to the US they are 2.2% (i.e.
             | weighting the various tariff rates by their respective
             | trade volume). So there is a minor imbalance, but imposing
             | 20% (and claiming 39%) is ridiculous.
        
         | ericmay wrote:
         | > It is the definitive end to it, and the birth of Chinese
         | hegemony.
         | 
         | I think you're spot on about the risks of the tariffs (I'm not
         | really sure where I stand on them today), but your arguments
         | don't produce this conclusion. China is far more protective of
         | its markets, nobody has or will have any interest in trading in
         | any Chinese currency, and tariffs from not just the US but
         | other nations will continue to exacerbate existing problems at
         | home for China.
         | 
         | Companies like Temu came into existence because global pullback
         | on purchasing Chinese manufactured goods is resulting in job
         | losses, and instead of having factories go under the Chinese
         | government would prefer to sell products that very quickly fall
         | apart or are built extremely cheaply or with very poor
         | environmental practices to at least get _some_ money.
         | 
         | Further, while these tariffs seem questionable and everyone is
         | piling on Trump (which is deserved, with prejudice, in my
         | mind), let's not pretend that the EU, Japan, and others are
         | saints here. They do enact trade barriers to protect their own
         | domestic industries as well. On the tech side for example
         | there's simply no argument that the EU is fining US tech
         | companies just because they happened to enact policies and
         | rules that the US companies break all the time. Some portion of
         | that is a shakedown or a form of a trade restriction.
        
           | Spooky23 wrote:
           | The narrative with the president is about us vs them. The
           | problem here is the enemy is within.
           | 
           | The EU may be awful, Japan may be an unfair partner. But when
           | you play with a handgun and shoot yourself in the foot,
           | that's on you.
        
         | layer8 wrote:
         | One thing I don't understand here, genuine question: If,
         | hypothetically, US manufacturing was to become so competitive
         | that the trade deficit would go away, would that have the same
         | disastrous effects for the US dollar as a trade/reserve
         | currency? Or how would that work?
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | US manufacturing is better than it ever has been by all
           | measures except number of people working in them. This means
           | that there isn't much need for someone to get good at putting
           | a nut on a bolt and other such mindless work that is skilled
           | only in that with a lot of practice you can get really fast
           | as doing it. People who don't want to spend a lot of years in
           | school are thus not doing very well because there isn't much
           | need for people who don't want to use their brain.
        
             | buu700 wrote:
             | Not all measures: https://www.marketwatch.com/story/this-
             | chart-shows-the-drama.... It may not have declined in
             | absolute terms, but it still hasn't kept pace with the rest
             | of the economy.
        
           | treis wrote:
           | It's impossible for both things to be true. For the dollar to
           | be the reserve currency countries need to accumulate dollars.
           | They can't do that unless more dollars leave the US than come
           | back.
           | 
           | The problem is that countries don't just take the dollars and
           | sit on them. We're on the third iteration of solving this
           | intractable problem:
           | 
           | Try 1 was gold. The US was running out of gold and Nixon had
           | to end redemption of dollars for gold.
           | 
           | Try 2 was assets (think the Japanese buying everything in the
           | 80s). That was unpopular and the Plaza Accords put an end to
           | it with significant damage to the Japanese economy
           | 
           | Try 3 is government debt. But it's the same fundamental
           | problem. The US isn't ever willingly going to give back
           | assets for this debt. Everyone agrees with the polite fiction
           | that the US will and so things are fine. But if they ever
           | expect actual stuff for that debt it will all break down
           | again.
        
             | layer8 wrote:
             | Thanks. These hints led me to
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triffin_dilemma.
        
         | belter wrote:
         | > The golden prize for America's enemies is to remove the US
         | dollar as a global reserve currency.
         | 
         | There you go... "Deutsche Bank says risk of a dollar confidence
         | crisis" - https://www.reuters.com/markets/currencies/deutsche-
         | bank-say...
        
         | nilkn wrote:
         | This comment is good, yet it also reflects a lot of what I
         | dislike about political discourse online.
         | 
         | You've identified a potential severe negative consequence of a
         | change or new policy, but you write as if this is a guaranteed
         | logical corollary and there is no scenario where this
         | consequence does not materialize. This creates an alarmist
         | rather than genuine and analytical tone.
         | 
         | Describing tariffs as a "decapitation strike" feels hyperbolic
         | and even perhaps conspiratorial. Saying this guarantees Chinese
         | hegemony is exaggerated and ignores all the other equally (if
         | not more) significant factors influencing both American and
         | Chinese trajectories. Applying Dalio's broad thesis to tariffs
         | specifically is a stretch -- tariffs may exacerbate tensions
         | Dalio describes, but they aren't necessarily the coup de grace
         | to hegemony.
         | 
         | Basically, you're highlighting real risks and issues, but
         | packaging them in language that overstates their likelihood and
         | doesn't take into account any other factors at play
         | simultaneously. If your goal is to paint a doomsday picture of
         | the future, this works well. If your goal is to understand the
         | impact of tariffs on the world, there's too much emotion and
         | speculation and not enough hard analytical work here.
        
           | mberning wrote:
           | Yeah, the whole "decapitation strike" talking point betrays a
           | serious bias. It also implies something which no evidence is
           | provided for. The idea that foreign actors got someone
           | elected, then managed to get that person to implement a
           | specific strategy that rapidly destroys the dollar as a
           | reserve currency, all for the benefit of the foreign actor,
           | is quite the stretch.
        
         | netbioserror wrote:
         | The entirety of this scheme, in its soft and hard power forms,
         | was financed by the parasitic impoverishment of the US
         | populace. Everything the commenters on this site complain
         | about: Runaway inflation, unaffordable housing, extreme
         | financialization, excessive military budget, enrichment of the
         | top, unaffordable healthcare, unjustifiable wars, all of it has
         | partial or total roots in the money printing, artificially low
         | interest rates, colossal trade deficits, and military
         | adventurism that underpin the global US dollar reserve scheme.
         | 
         | I think it apt to boil it down to a binary choice: Either we
         | give up our global empire and allow the multipolar paradigm to
         | emerge for the chance at domestic prosperity, or we grip the
         | iron to the bitter end and force the entire country to become
         | the dystopic open-air homeless cities of the west coast.
        
           | fullshark wrote:
           | Why is it a binary choice? This is just reductive. The idea
           | that we couldn't maintain American hegemony and return more
           | of the benefits of it to the middle/lower classes seems
           | silly.
           | 
           | This is about tearing down a system / world order that a lot
           | of people are angry about, with little thought to how to
           | replace it and make it work for the citizens. The global
           | economy has changed, manufacturing capabilities in the west
           | will never be competitive again for a wide variety of
           | products, and those jobs are not ones that regular Americans
           | want anyway. Just like they don't want the farming jobs that
           | illegal immigrants are doing.
           | 
           | This vision to essentially return America to a idealized view
           | of 1900 is in for a rude awakening.
        
             | netbioserror wrote:
             | A wild claim, and then zero explanation as to how it would
             | work, plus the same old tired talking points. If you're
             | trying to convince the populace NOT to democratically give
             | up the global empire, this is a poor attempt.
        
           | tinyplanets wrote:
           | "The dystopic open-air homeless cities of the west coast"?
           | Hyperbolic much?
        
         | tiahura wrote:
         | The world disagrees with your assessment that this is going to
         | be bad for the dollar. See recent movement of 10Y.
        
         | fosk wrote:
         | To be fair this strategy will work if other countries cannot
         | tolerate tariffs for long enough to come up with non-USD trade
         | that is accepted by everyone. Which to be fair may take them a
         | very long time.
         | 
         | If they fold and remove tariffs on the US (so the US can drop
         | the tariffs on them) before coming to an agreement because the
         | economical pressure of tariffs is too high, then this will
         | result in the largest market expansion the United States has
         | ever seen.
         | 
         | My point is: yes lots of negatives can happen, but let's also
         | look at what happens if it works out so we are intellectually
         | honest about what's going on here.
        
           | tremon wrote:
           | _(so the US can drop the tariffs on them)_
           | 
           | That would require other countries trusting the promises of
           | the current administration, yes? How much credibility does
           | the Orange One have on the world stage?
        
           | runako wrote:
           | > If they fold and remove tariffs on the US
           | 
           | The issue with this is the "reciprocal" tariffs that were
           | announced are not related in any way to tariffs imposed by
           | other nations. According to the administration, they set the
           | tariff rate for each country as (trade deficit / (imports *
           | 2)). Obviously the country in question cannot undo this even
           | by zeroing all tariffs with the US, because none of this is
           | based on tariff rates.
        
             | bitshiftfaced wrote:
             | It's not really only about tariffs. It's about the net
             | effect on all barriers of trade, such as currency
             | manipulation, subsidies, regulations, etc. The formula
             | (trade deficit / (imports * 2)) means that countries
             | actually have to address the root of the problem and prove
             | it before the US reduces their tariffs.
        
               | yojo wrote:
               | Having a trade surplus doesn't mean you're cheating.
               | 
               | If I make products better/cheaper than you, I'm going to
               | sell more to you than you are to me.
               | 
               | Ditto if I have some valuable resource you need that
               | represents a large share of my economy. The fact that you
               | need my germanium more than I do doesn't mean I'm ripping
               | you off.
        
               | bitshiftfaced wrote:
               | I agree that a deficit could be healthy and fine and
               | doesn't mean that the other country is cheating. The
               | problem is how some countries have ruined it for everyone
               | else by exploiting the current system. For example, after
               | the first round of Trump tariffs, Chinese companies began
               | moving factories to Mexico in order to take advantage of
               | USMCA.
        
               | runako wrote:
               | A thought experiment. Imagine a small poor country far
               | from the US, of 1 million people, where the average
               | income is $3000 annually ($3 billion total household
               | income). Imagine a factory in that country that produces
               | shoes beloved in America.
               | 
               | Those shoes are so popular in America that Americans buy
               | $1 billion of those shoes every year. In order to address
               | the problem as stated, this hypothetical country would
               | have to spend a third of its household income purchasing
               | products produced in some of the highest-cost conditions
               | in the world. To do so, they would have to shut out their
               | local trading partners from whom they currently buy goods
               | at prices they can afford. This would have the effect of
               | making them even poorer.
               | 
               | Does this make any sense?
        
               | bitshiftfaced wrote:
               | If you make an exception for this hypothetical country,
               | then countries such as China would come in and build
               | factories there and bypass their own tariffs. You're back
               | to playing whack-a-mole.
        
               | runako wrote:
               | I'm not talking about making an exception. I'm suggesting
               | that a trade deficit can arise for reasons that have
               | nothing to do with manipulation.
               | 
               | Also, the administration created the loophole about which
               | you worry by creating a 24% tariff gap between China and
               | the new 10% baseline for most countries.
        
               | bitshiftfaced wrote:
               | Except that because the rule is clear, China will
               | anticipate that doing this in another country will result
               | in eventual increased tariffs. They will be able to see
               | ahead that it's not worth making a big investment for
               | that purpose. The optimal strategy changes to do more
               | business with the US and/or build factories in the US.
        
           | jesusthatsgreat wrote:
           | > If they fold and remove tariffs on the US
           | 
           | Part of the problem is that Trumps's definition of tariffs
           | doesn't make any sense. VAT isn't a tariff but according to
           | Trump it is.
           | 
           | Does he seriously expect other nations to just get rid of
           | VAT? Or somehow replace it overnight with some other system
           | all just to appease the US? Because that's the only way you
           | can lower 'tariffs' to zero.
           | 
           | It just won't happen and we'll be in a continual standoff
           | until Trump concedes that trade barriers are not in fact a
           | good thing for anyone. He'll never admit it, but it wouldn't
           | surprise me at all if the illusion of a 'deal' is struck in
           | order to save face and reverse this mess once it becomes
           | clear it's not sustainable unless you _want_ to shrink your
           | economy and destroy others at the same time.
        
           | dukeyukey wrote:
           | British tariffs come to a weighted value of 1.02%. That's
           | what the US is worried about, 1.02%. Seriously.
        
         | ratedgene wrote:
         | It makes sense why Trump's family is investing opportunity into
         | crypto like "American Bitcoin" -- they want to separate
         | themselves from the dollar.
        
         | roflyear wrote:
         | It is not correct that an Asian business doing business with a
         | Italian company first exchanges their currency to USD by
         | selling the US goods then using that USD to complete the
         | transaction.
         | 
         | I agree with you that the current situation in the world
         | _really_ benefits the US and the current policies seem to
         | undermine that.
        
           | csomar wrote:
           | > It is not correct that an Asian business doing business
           | with a Italian company first exchanges their currency to USD
           | by selling the US goods then using that USD to complete the
           | transaction.
           | 
           | The only way around that is the EUR. Otherwise, most
           | countries have very little connections to one another. Even
           | neighbors will trade with USD and settle in New York.
        
             | roflyear wrote:
             | I think the dollar is around 50% of foreign trade - but
             | anyway I am not arguing against that, I'm saying that it
             | isn't related to trade deficits.
        
         | csomar wrote:
         | The real traitor is Biden who handed the presidency to Trump
         | and only cared about covering himself and his family asses. I
         | think that was the point where you realize the democrats have
         | just given up and did their part of selling the country. Some
         | people must be now moving Bitcoin, Gold and other valuables out
         | of the country before the big unveiling kinda like what
         | happened with the soviet union.
         | 
         | I have made a post about this after the election that got
         | flagged: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42755700
         | 
         | If you are still unconvinced that big fundamental changes are
         | happening: https://goldprice.org/
        
         | badpun wrote:
         | > Since trade is conducted largely in USD, that means other
         | governments must purchase USD to trade. This is the core of
         | trade deficits. Foreign countries buy US dollars so they can
         | trade with other people. That guarantees the deficit since they
         | give us something in exchange for USD
         | 
         | I'm not convinced it works like that. When a foreign country
         | buys something from another foreign country using USD, the
         | seller country then receives that USD. The seller country then
         | use those dollars do buy something else from a third country -
         | unless they have imbalanced trade and keep accumulating the
         | dollars, like China does. But, in general case, there's only a
         | need for a limited number of USD in circulation to serve as
         | "working capital" for all foreign exchange. There's no need to
         | keep getting new dollars, as the old ones get recirculated.
        
         | stef25 wrote:
         | The only other currency that comes to mind for global trade is
         | the Euro but even that seems impossible?
        
           | mkoubaa wrote:
           | BTC
        
         | coliveira wrote:
         | I said before that Trump would be the Gorbachev of the USA, if
         | he knows it or not. He is dismantling the system under the
         | disguise of reforming it.
        
         | IX-103 wrote:
         | Yes, but it's even worse than you think.
         | 
         | As these countries move away from the dollar, there becomes a
         | glut of US dollars in the world, triggering inflation like we
         | have never seen before. Ignoring the barriers to trade that the
         | tariffs represent and what that will do with our productivity.
         | Ignoring the additional cost of an uncertain market future
         | (because all decisions are made from the gut and could change
         | tomorrow). The massive stagflationary impact of foreign
         | countries unloading the 75% of US dollars they hold would
         | effectively kill them US economy. The tariffs wouldn't even
         | matter because you effectively couldn't give US dollars away --
         | they'd be worthless internationally. No one that is not rich
         | could afford to import anything.
        
         | wesapien wrote:
         | God damn you nailed it. All the stupid wars for nothing. Rarely
         | do I see anyone talk about these shenanigans as the mechanism
         | to end the reserve status of the $ and the end for influence
         | and affluence. It will breed a lot of resentment from some
         | Americans thinking the world is against them. They could be
         | used for war.
        
         | thegreatpeter wrote:
         | You should read the book lol
        
         | glitchc wrote:
         | I believe that's Trump's plan. According to the Triffin
         | Dilemma, the source of US budgetary deficits are due to the USD
         | being the world's reserve currency. Once that's not the case,
         | trade should rebalance to a healthy surplus.
        
         | dcow wrote:
         | I quite like the idea of our debts becoming real. Then we can't
         | live in the dishonest fantasy where we just print money and
         | ignore debt anymore.
        
           | beams_of_light wrote:
           | I assure you that the fantasy of this being a band-aid rip-
           | off moment will turn sour when the sore becomes infected and
           | you're living through a depression.
        
         | kamaal wrote:
         | >> Foreign countries buy US dollars so they can trade with
         | other people. That guarantees the deficit since they give us
         | something in exchange for USD, which they do not then spend on
         | goods we make.
         | 
         | This is called Triffin Dilemma- And in many lies at the core of
         | the most basic question every power in history has faced.
         | 
         | That is- You can either be a Geo Economic Super power or a Geo
         | political Super power, You can't be both at the same. You have
         | to chose to be one. China seems to be chosing the former. USA
         | chose to be the latter, but can't seem to be sure about its
         | choices so far.
        
         | mock-possum wrote:
         | I don't get why it matters what currency people use - all
         | currency is exchangeable, isn't it? What does it matter if you
         | buy something for dollars or pounds or euros or yen?
         | 
         | If I'm buying 1 barrel of oil for $100, does it matter whether
         | I convert my USD into 150 of this currency or 50 of that
         | currency, according to the current exchange rate, before I pay?
         | I still get 1 barrel of oil, and the seller still received an
         | equivalent to $100 in exchange?
        
         | robertlagrant wrote:
         | > This is a decapitation strike (Timothy Snyder: Decapitation
         | Strike -- https://archive.is/1xkxK) on America by our enemies
         | 
         | Decapitation Strike seems to be not a general principle that is
         | applying here, but the title of a specific polemic against the
         | Trump administration. Just mentioning for clarity, as it
         | sounded like a general thing warned about in past times that's
         | applicable here.
        
       | remoquete wrote:
       | I'm wondering how this protectionist trend will impact overseas
       | hires. Will US companies continue to hire talent remotely outside
       | of their borders? Will they be incentivized to only hire in the
       | US?
        
         | logicchains wrote:
         | More businesses will be incentivised to locate in the US, to
         | avoid tariffs, but they'll still be incentivised to hire from
         | outside the US due to cheaper labour (there's no tariff on
         | wages).
        
           | tossandthrow wrote:
           | > there's no tariff on wages
           | 
           | It is _really_ difficult to pay wages to internationals (As
           | most people involved in remote work know).
           | 
           | Usually you need to setup a subsidiary in the country you
           | want to hire in - or convince the "employee" to be a
           | contractor.
           | 
           | In the end this is not "wages" that move over borders - but
           | services. And these can indeed be tarrifed.
        
       | aucisson_masque wrote:
       | Here we go.
       | 
       | My dumb ass invested money in usa stocks when trump got elected
       | because trump is pro business, right ? Should have invested in
       | Asia, today china is the usa from 40 year ago.
        
         | louthy wrote:
         | It doesn't matter where you invested. Everyone's taking a
         | haircut.
        
           | s_dev wrote:
           | Not EU weapons manufacturing and defence industry.
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | China would be very risky. Trump in his previous term declared
         | a trade war with china, and there is every reason to think he
         | would again. China is also make geopolitical moves that give a
         | significant chance of war in SE asia. I wouldn't invest there.
         | 
         | Now investing in Brazil or something might make sense.
        
       | tonyhart7 wrote:
       | what would happen to US??? I mean you cant ignore US market right
       | now
       | 
       | so is this enough that factory gonna comeback on US soil??
        
         | mirzap wrote:
         | Let's imagine they do come back. Let's say you have a toaster
         | factory in Vietnam, which allows the US company to produce low-
         | cost toasters for about $100. The factory workers earn $1 per
         | hour. Now, due to the tariffs, a toaster will cost $146. And
         | you say, "Okay, they just need to move their factory to the US
         | and then the problem will be solved - no more tariffs. " Fine.
         | Do you really think a US worker will work for $1 per hour? Even
         | if you automate 80% of the factory, you still won't offset the
         | 46% tariff. You will never get a toaster priced at $100. More
         | likely, it will be $300.
        
       | kwar13 wrote:
       | Liberation day indeed... when Canada/Australia/Europe/South
       | Korea/Japan are now the enemy I'm not sure there are any more
       | friends left.
        
       | ajb wrote:
       | This is basically the Kim Jong-Un approach to foreign policy:
       | 
       | Kim: threaten a nuclear war, see if people will pay you to stop
       | 
       | Trump: threaten to crash the world economy, see if other
       | countries will pay to stop you
       | 
       | He doesn't care that this will shrink the global economy, or
       | even, at least in the short term, the US economy. If other
       | countries submit in order to negotiate tariffs down then he has
       | his "win" politically, if not then he has someone to blame.
        
       | Gasp0de wrote:
       | A possible retaliation by the EU could be to not enforce US
       | intellectual property rights in the EU anymore. Or we could start
       | taxing cloud companies, who, until now, have not paid taxes in
       | the EU for profits that they generate in the EU.
        
         | theuppermiddle wrote:
         | This is exactly what I was thinking. Is not the US export far
         | higher than import if they take into account the software and
         | other IT services they sell? I would expect other countires to
         | tarrif that.
        
           | maaaaattttt wrote:
           | That would work of we had viable alternatives (on par with
           | the US offers or as an easy migration). But we don't really,
           | so if the EU also adds tariffs than we'll have the same
           | issues the US is going to have. Meaning higher prices for the
           | same offer since we'll have no other choice but to stick with
           | the US IT offer.
           | 
           | Like other comments said, this could work only if this was
           | long term and everybody bites the bullet until they have a
           | good local alternative to foreign offers with high tariffs.
           | And the chances of having a lower offer as the one you were
           | importing are really high. So, everybody is betting on short
           | term.
        
             | planb wrote:
             | Higher Prices? What is the "Price" of Instagram and Google
             | Maps? But on the other hand, how would you put tariffs on
             | these?
             | 
             | The good thing is: If the EU finds a way to tax the money
             | flowing from advertisers to big tech, consumers would not
             | be affected (at least not financially), because they are
             | not the ones paying the price.
        
               | Gasp0de wrote:
               | The price is not for using it, but for serving ads on it.
               | They'd increase the price for ads that target European
               | customers.
        
               | planb wrote:
               | Yes. So advertising gets more expensive when targeting EU
               | users. The users don't care, so there wouldn't be much
               | public backlash. And the advertisers will either cut back
               | / relocate their ad spendings or raise their marketing
               | budget.
        
               | owebmaster wrote:
               | > Higher Prices? What is the "Price" of Instagram and
               | Google Maps?
               | 
               | You gonna tax their real customers, the advertisers. And
               | a 100% tax on advertisement is actually healthy for the
               | economy and society.
        
               | Ragnarork wrote:
               | > What is the "Price" of Instagram and Google Maps?
               | 
               | Those are free for consumers, but Google Suite (Mail,
               | Calendar, etc.) for enterprises definitely has a price.
        
         | 0xy wrote:
         | The DMA is already a tax on US tech companies specifically,
         | given it is enforced exclusively against US tech.
         | 
         | Hence the retaliatory tariffs. The backdoor taxes through
         | 'laws' (that are NEVER enforced against EU companies -- Spotify
         | got a DMA carve-out).
        
         | mrweasel wrote:
         | I don't think the current US administration understand the EU.
         | 
         | There are some things where I have my doubts about the current
         | actions of the European countries, like rearmament. Will that
         | be dropped the minute a new US administration enters? What the
         | EU does well, like really well, is trade and bureaucracy. It
         | is, in my mind one of the few areas where the EU can absolutely
         | run circles around the US, while managing to protect and
         | isolate itself from the worst fallout. We've already seen this
         | with the current EU tariffs, they are extremely precise and
         | targets Republican votes at almost no cost to EU consumers. I
         | think that will continue, rather than imposing broad tariffs,
         | the EU will target things Trump care about specifically.
        
           | jgilias wrote:
           | I have a pet theory on why that is. In EU to become a
           | Brussels career bureaucrat you need to be able to speak a
           | couple of languages fluently. This serves as a kind of a
           | filter. Whatever they are, dumb they most certainly are not.
           | To a lesser extent this applies to European politicians too.
        
             | SirHumphrey wrote:
             | Bureaucrat yes, politicians no. Every eu law is translated
             | in to every language of the union and EU employees an army
             | of interpreters that translate in real time sessions of EU
             | parliament- you can be an EU politician only knowing your
             | mother tongue. Expense spent on these translation services
             | has a side benef though- you have a large volume of
             | publicly accessible multilingual text which came in handy
             | for training machine translation (eg deepl) even on smaller
             | languages.
        
               | jgilias wrote:
               | That's why I said "to a lesser extent". It's _possible_
               | to survive as a high level EU country politician without
               | being fluent in a second language, but it's definitely
               | suboptimal. So it still serves as a forcing function.
        
               | fransje26 wrote:
               | The thing is, you need to take into account the fact that
               | a lot of the political "deals" are not done during
               | official EU sittings, when these translation services are
               | available.
               | 
               | A lot of the discussions happen during the informal
               | after-hours in cafes and restaurants.
               | 
               | This is one of the reasons why, for many years, the Dutch
               | delegation was very unsuccessful at pushing their own
               | interests and placing their representatives in
               | "important" positions, as they were all keen on taking
               | the first train home from Brussels, and were skipping
               | these informal gatherings.
               | 
               | It's not a stretch to imagine that a poor mastering of
               | the "important" EU languages will put a politician at a
               | disadvantage in such settings, due to an inability to
               | communicate with his/her peers.
        
         | shin_lao wrote:
         | The EU has already been doing that with "fines".
        
           | louthy wrote:
           | The fines were for breaking EU laws. Don't break EU law,
           | don't get fined. It's quite straightforward
        
         | xaldir wrote:
         | 0% chance of this happening, but I like the idea.
        
           | Gasp0de wrote:
           | Why not? Multiple politicians have already mentioned IP as a
           | possible method of retaliation. Also, the goal is to hurt
           | Trump, his voters and his allies. Tech Bro's are Trumps
           | allies nowadays.
        
             | stirlo wrote:
             | Denmarks largest export is Ozempic. Ignoring IP rules will
             | hurt EU producers too.
             | 
             | How do you plan to ignore IP to hurt American tech
             | companies. I guess if you allow piracy of all of netflixs
             | content that would work (but same thing would hurt
             | spotify).
             | 
             | Most tech companies are not protected by IP but by network
             | effects and vendor lock in. It would be far simpler to
             | simply implement a minimum tax on revenue or advertising
             | spend in country to extract value.
        
               | kubb wrote:
               | Phase out Facebook, Instagram and Xitter, 200% tax on
               | Google ads, subsidize local cloud providers, phase out
               | Amazon.
               | 
               | Make piracy legal for downloaders, and stop enforcing the
               | criminal law for seeders.
        
               | sam_lowry_ wrote:
               | Also pirate Microsoft, like in good old times.
        
       | cess11 wrote:
       | I think it is a mistake to approach this policy as if it is about
       | other states. One sign that it is not is that it seems to be
       | based on a crude, almost simplistic calculation, something like
       | trade deficit divided by exports, with a ten percent blanket
       | tariff on states with trade surplus or no trade.
       | 
       | Applying the same policy against everyone indicates it's not
       | about them, it's about the usian 'us'. Another way to look at it
       | might be as sanctions, but instead of applying them on another
       | state, applying them at home. And sanctions are usually a means
       | to influence oligarchs and industrialists in a state, which
       | probably means this is a policy directed at those groups in the
       | US.
       | 
       | Why would you want to hurt US industrialists and oligarchs?
       | Because then you can ease their pain in exchange for their
       | loyalty. This is the logic behind castles in Europe. It's a place
       | where the king decides the taxes, taxing illoyal barons or
       | whatever more than loyal ones, and if they militantly disagree,
       | shut the door and have them expend their resources on a hopefully
       | futile siege and then be weakened anyway. Similar policy was
       | common in colonial settings too, if the colony was uppity, tax
       | them harshly.
       | 
       | The world is changing fast anyway, the liberalist hegemony wasn't
       | going to extend far into the future for many reasons, like
       | climate change and the general rise of autocracy worldwide.
       | Having guarantees of loyalty and stability from the state
       | apparatus at home when the world order inevitably crumbles while
       | burning some bridges that would likely fall apart anyway, instead
       | of wasting resources keeping up a charade defending some 'status
       | quo', has a kind of logic too it.
        
       | pontiacbandit8 wrote:
       | Trump must be a Russian asset. There can be no other explanation.
       | To weaken NATO, remove U.S. dominance by withdrawing forces from
       | bases worldwide, abandon maritime security, weaken the dollar,
       | and implement hostile economic policies that maintain the dollar
       | as the world's currency, it seems that the final step of "America
       | First" is to make the dollar the sole currency used only in the
       | United States.
        
         | cmurf wrote:
         | He's a psychopath. But I'm willing to compromise.
         | 
         | He's a mentally ill Russian agent.
        
       | RecycledEle wrote:
       | I understand the "and 10% on everyone else" part of the tariffs.
       | 
       | Do you think the media is too dumb to understand that, or are
       | they just playing games when they point out a 10% tariff in
       | someone who does not export to the US?
        
       | macawfish wrote:
       | Are we gone flag this one too? Or just all the articles
       | chronicling certain crypto invested tech billionaires pushing in
       | this direction?
        
       | Havoc wrote:
       | And here I thought brexit would keep the top spot as act of self
       | harm
        
         | DanielVZ wrote:
         | Yep. This is like brexit but ten times worse.
        
         | dash2 wrote:
         | Actually this is one time when Brexit is paying off. We get 10%
         | tariffs, the EU gets 20%.
        
           | louthy wrote:
           | Not really, if the whole world sinks into an economic
           | depression then the percentages won't matter much. What will
           | matter is the starting position and whether the country's
           | economy has enough headroom to ride it out.
           | 
           | It doesn't. Because of Brexit.
        
             | dash2 wrote:
             | Jonathan Portes, who is very, very much not a Brexit fan,
             | agrees with me.
        
           | ncruces wrote:
           | You get a 10% tariff when you run a deficit with the US. EU
           | gets a 20% tariff on a 40% surplus. You win!
        
           | s_dev wrote:
           | EU has signed up to lucrative trade deals with Canada and
           | Mexico since Brexit and has many more similar ones with other
           | Asian countries. International trade is complicated and it is
           | very much something the EU specialises in.
        
         | fransje26 wrote:
         | Everything is bigger in America.
        
       | Beijinger wrote:
       | The EU probably does not have a trade surplus with the US, but
       | rather a trade deficit.
       | 
       | https://www-gmexconsulting-com.translate.goog/cms/de/dunkle-...
        
         | the_gipsy wrote:
         | I was thinking the same. IT is a huge business, the best kind
         | of business right now, the pinnacle of human technology at this
         | point in time. America is the world leader in development, and
         | "exports" of IT. You can't really tariff software, as it's some
         | kind of IP.
         | 
         | On the other hand, much of the "digital infrastructure" is free
         | and open. Perhaps if rival powers put enough effort into
         | sanctioning US effective sales in IT, however that may work,
         | America could lose it all.
        
           | cbg0 wrote:
           | > You can't really tariff software, as it's some kind of IP.
           | 
           | The bureaucrats in Brussels will easily find a way to do it.
        
             | the_gipsy wrote:
             | Yupp, no one says tariffs must only be matched with
             | tariffs. This is a big trade war.
        
         | cbg0 wrote:
         | With regards to goods, the EU exports more than it imports from
         | the US, but we do import more services from the US, which can
         | likely be taxed in retaliation.
        
           | Beijinger wrote:
           | Yes, but only because iPhones, Dell computers, HP printers
           | are shipped from China and not the US. Yet the majority of
           | profits from these trades are accrued in US companies or
           | offshore tax shelters owned by them.
        
         | tacker2000 wrote:
         | EU has a surplus on physical goods, and a deficit on services.
        
       | TheAlchemist wrote:
       | I would bet that most of these tarrifs won't exist in <6 months.
       | This reeks negotiation tactics from Trump.
       | 
       | He's been playing this game for 2 months now with Canada and
       | Mexico, and so far he's loosing. US & business are loosing even
       | more.
       | 
       | Keeping this kind of tarrifs, would be absolutely moronic even by
       | Trump standards. That would be economic and financial suicide for
       | the US.
        
         | deadbabe wrote:
         | Doesn't matter if they're gone in 6 months. The damage is done,
         | businesses will see the United States as too unstable and
         | unreliable to plan long term goals in. We will pay the penalty
         | for decades. Even if you get a new administration, that
         | administration can be gone in another 4 years.
        
           | TheAlchemist wrote:
           | Oh on that we agree - the damage to US reputation and
           | reliability is already done and it will take decades or a
           | world war to repair it.
        
             | deadbabe wrote:
             | We will not be alive to see it restored to its former glory
             | ever again.
        
               | aaronbaugher wrote:
               | At least I lived long enough to see the liberals who
               | spent the first 55 years of my life bashing the US (often
               | correctly) for imperialistically stomping all over the
               | rest of the world, using its massive military to force
               | its currency and culture on other nations, and meddling
               | in the elections of sovereign nations to create puppet
               | governments (just to name a few of our favorite
               | activities), turn to pining for the former glory of the
               | US empire.
               | 
               | That wasn't on my bingo card.
        
               | deadbabe wrote:
               | Oh yes, it's over for them. If they make it out of this
               | administration, they will never be that liberal again.
        
         | zero_k wrote:
         | This is not a game. Others will not take it as a game, and will
         | retaliate. You can only play the bully for so long before
         | others start treating you as a bully, and stop backing down,
         | even after you have backed down -- as they never know when you
         | are bluffing.
        
       | gadders wrote:
       | If anyone is interested, you can find the US's assessment of the
       | tariffs imposed on the US by other countries here:
       | https://ustr.gov/sites/default/files/files/Press/Reports/202...
       | 
       | EG:
       | 
       | "The UK has duties on approximately 5,000 tariff lines, including
       | on certain agricultural products, ceramics, chemicals,
       | bioethanol, and vehicles. Tariffs on some products such as
       | bananas, raw cane sugar, and apparel, which tend not to be import
       | sensitive for the UK, are maintained to provide for preferential
       | access for imports from certain developing countries into the UK
       | compared to the MFN rate. The UK has some high tariffs that
       | affect U.S. exports, such as rates of up to 25.0 percent for some
       | fish and seafood products, 10.0 percent for trucks, 10.0 percent
       | for passenger vehicles, and up to 6.5 percent for certain mineral
       | or chemical fertilizers"
        
       | cbeach wrote:
       | Why haven't we questioned the asymmetric high tariffs imposed by
       | the EU on America for decades?
       | 
       | The EU imposed a 10% tariff on US cars for decades while the US
       | only imposed 2.5% on the EU. And this happened while the EU
       | exerted a significant trade surplus against the US on
       | automobiles.
       | 
       | I don't advocate trade wars, but I can understand the case for
       | some rebalancing, given the historic context. Hopefully Trump
       | will only use tariffs as a negotiating tool, and they will soon
       | be lifted. He's a dealmaker.
        
         | detaro wrote:
         | Of course a lot of the vehicles that would be interesting to
         | the US market are not classified as cars, but as (light)
         | trucks, and have a 25% tariff applied (originally due to a
         | minor tariff "war" in the 1960s around chicken exports). It's
         | just wrong that the US until now has not questioned and acted
         | upon foreign tariffs.
        
         | Ylpertnodi wrote:
         | >The EU imposed a 10% tariff on US cars for decades while the
         | US only imposed 2.5% on the EU.
         | 
         | Whose faults? Someone signed the deal, someone let the deal
         | stand 'for decades'. Trump could have 'rebalanced' any
         | disparities...er, 'nicely', and been annoyingly victorious. As
         | it is, nah. Lost trust. Not visiting, either.
        
       | kindkang2024 wrote:
       | The Hawk-Dove game is a wise framework to consider. When both are
       | Hawks, both get harmed. When one is a Hawk and the other a Dove,
       | the Dove gets hurt, and the Hawk laughs. I hope both can be
       | Doves, bringing tariffs to zero and making all great again.
        
       | tlogan wrote:
       | The next phase is likely geopolitical. Countries will begin
       | negotiating directly with the U.S. administration to secure
       | exemptions or reductions in tariffs. In effect, it's the
       | formation of a new American sphere of influence / empire.
        
         | jgilias wrote:
         | To me it seems like Americans are currently actively
         | dismantling their sphere of influence.
        
           | lifeinthevoid wrote:
           | Yup, who wants to get deeper in business with a party you
           | cannot - in any case - trust?
        
           | tlogan wrote:
           | Exactly. The old is based on Cold War. The new sphere of
           | influence will be probably quite different.
        
             | jgilias wrote:
             | I don't feel like there will be one worth talking about
             | though if the current direction persists. If you don't care
             | about things like freedom, democracy, free press, the rule
             | of law, free markets, then China seems like a much better
             | overlord to take.
        
       | tmellon2 wrote:
       | The De Minimis loophole is highly significant with FOUR Million
       | packages per day (What ???). The clause to address this loophole
       | needs to be stated more accurately - It should be clearly defined
       | to be _higher or lower_ of 30 % of the value of shipment under
       | $800 OR $25 per shipment and not _either_. If _either_ then the
       | De Minimis loophole will be continue to be used at $25 per
       | shipment. Source : https://www.whitehouse.gov/fact-
       | sheets/2025/04/fact-sheet-pr...
        
       | nbzso wrote:
       | It is not a conspiracy anymore. Problem - Reaction - Solution.
       | Start a war in the middle of Europe and Gaza. Tariffs. Recession
       | - Panic - Digital ID, Social scoring, CDBC, Digital dollar, AI
       | governance, tech feudalism. That's all folks. :)
        
       | dandanua wrote:
       | The US Administration is dead. America is occupied by creatures
       | that simply want to destroy the current world order, sow chaos,
       | and profit from that by means of power and utter hate and
       | disrespect for ordinary people, who live from paycheck to
       | paycheck. Keep advancing AI, so they wouldn't need to employ
       | humans to kill other humans.
        
       | jongjong wrote:
       | I like the idea of tariffs but only if followed with income tax
       | cuts.
        
       | mherrmann wrote:
       | Can this be an arbitrage opportunity?
        
       | sneak wrote:
       | Meanwhile the options level upgrade I asked e*trade for at 8am
       | (before the 4pm announcement) so I can buy puts is still pending
       | at 8am the following day.
       | 
       | TIL one should configure brokerage accounts well in advance of
       | events.
        
       | nemo44x wrote:
       | Vietnam and Israel already agreed to remove tariffs on USA
       | imports. Thailand is opening negotiations today.
       | 
       | It's simple - remove import duty from USA goods and the USA will
       | remove tariffs. Reciprocal trade.
        
       | dexcs wrote:
       | And as tech guys we always wonder if the world is a better place
       | with AI Agents taking over. My guess is that even gpt-3 would
       | have come up with a better solution than this.
        
       | polski-g wrote:
       | I encourage everyone to contact their reps and demand a bill be
       | advanced to return tariff authority to the Congress.
       | 
       | There are enough GOP reps opposed to tariffs to get a discharge
       | petition.
        
         | Loughla wrote:
         | Are they more opposed to tariffs than they are in support of
         | their king Trump?
         | 
         | I'm betting the number of Republicans in Congress who will
         | oppose Trump is in the single digits at this point.
        
       | markus_zhang wrote:
       | This doesn't come as a surprise as we all know it's going to
       | come.
       | 
       | My question is, how does the US prepare to re-industrialize
       | itself? Is the tariff good enough to provide incentives so that
       | factories start to appear domestically? I fear this might not be
       | the case.
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | The US never lost manufacturing. It just automated it. Those
         | people who know how to run a factory still exist.
         | 
         | However there is no getting around it taking years to setup a
         | factory (less if you can import the assembly line back from
         | China). So nobody sane will start a new one in the next year
         | based on these tariffs - odds are too high that in 2 years the
         | democrats take over congress (the house not flipping would be a
         | shock: typically the out of power party gains a few seats in
         | non-presidential elections and only a few seats need to flip.
         | The senate is somewhat unlikely, but the loss of the house
         | would have ripple effects there).
         | 
         | Even ignoring the above, any few factory would be highly
         | automated. There won't be thousands of new no college required
         | jobs created in any new factory. It will be maybe 100 (probably
         | less), with a bunch more engineering degree required.
        
       | jjice wrote:
       | From the people in my life who talked about their preference for
       | this administration, the economy was the core reason I heard.
       | Specifically interest rates, but ignoring that that's the federal
       | reserve and the president has no impact on that.
       | 
       | Whatever - all that said, I can't imagine this leads to an
       | economic boom or anything near it by the midterms. Are the
       | republicans going to lose midterms if the economy is shit? I'm
       | not sure, but I can't imagine this works out well. I'm no
       | economist though, so what do I know.
        
         | Trasmatta wrote:
         | It's insane, because all those people have now backpedaled and
         | no longer bring up the economy as their primary concern.
         | 
         | Also insane because all of this was so predictable. Trump
         | couldn't stop talking about tariffs throughout all of 2024. It
         | was obvious that he was going to do this, and obvious that it
         | would tank the economy.
        
           | jgilias wrote:
           | A lot of people rather change their beliefs than ever admit
           | they've been wrong.
        
           | AnimalMuppet wrote:
           | > It's insane, because all those people have now backpedaled
           | and no longer bring up the economy as their primary concern.
           | 
           | Give it time. They will.
        
             | Trasmatta wrote:
             | As soon as they have the narrative to blame the incoming
             | recession on Democrats, they definitely will
        
           | tokioyoyo wrote:
           | People don't like saying that they were wrong. Otherwise, we
           | would have a world peace and prosperity.
        
         | TrackerFF wrote:
         | Hey, at least they were not alone. "Economy/cost of living"
         | consistently polled as the number one issue for Trump voters.
        
         | neogodless wrote:
         | If we have something _closely enough_ representing a  "free and
         | fair election", there's zero chance Republicans hold the House
         | of Representatives in the mid-terms. But they'll still have the
         | Executive branch, the Senate, and a frighteningly strong hold
         | on the Judicial branch.
         | 
         | Though it seems clear and likely that any means of voter
         | suppression that can be used against areas and demographics
         | that traditionally lean strongly Democrat will be utilized,
         | with a lot less checks and balances than have existed in the
         | past.
        
           | fransje26 wrote:
           | > If we have something closely enough representing a "free
           | and fair election"
           | 
           | Make you wonder, doesn't it..
        
         | jorblumesea wrote:
         | It's fascism, reasoning with people won't work. The economy was
         | the problem because Biden was in power. Now it's fine because
         | trump is "doing what is needed and we all need to pay higher
         | prices".
         | 
         | > "The Party told you to reject the evidence of your eyes and
         | ears. It was their final, most essential command."
        
         | heywoods wrote:
         | Edit: poor formatting on mobile.
         | 
         | The "Liberation Day" tariffs aren't random--they're step one in
         | a broader strategy called the Mar-a-Lago Accord (yes, named
         | after Trump's resort). Here's the playbook from Stephen Miran's
         | framework and what's likely next:
         | 
         | The Mar-a-Lago Accord Framework
         | 
         | 1. Tariffs as Leverage                  * Impose tariffs to
         | force trading partners to revalue their currencies downward
         | (making U.S. exports cheaper globally).
         | 
         | * Example: The "reciprocal" tariffs target countries with trade
         | surpluses (China, EU) to pressure concessions.
         | 
         | 2. Currency Realignment                  * Weaken the dollar to
         | boost U.S. manufacturing (counteracting its "overvaluation").
         | * Miran argues a weaker dollar would make imports pricier and
         | exports more competitive.           3. Debt Restructuring
         | * Swap existing U.S. Treasury debt into 100-year "century
         | bonds" to reduce interest payments.             * Foreign
         | holders (like China/Japan) would "voluntarily" accept this to
         | maintain U.S. security ties.
         | 
         | 4. Sovereign Wealth Fund                 * Use tariff revenue
         | to create a fund buying foreign currencies, artificially
         | depressing the dollar.             * (Not implemented yet--
         | still theoretical.)
         | 
         | Where "Liberation Day" Fits?
         | 
         | --> You are here | Step 1 <--
         | 
         | The 10% baseline tariff + "reciprocal" rates (up to 50%)
         | kickstart Miran's plan by:                 - * Generating
         | revenue ($300B+/year) to fund future steps.            - *
         | Forcing allies/adversaries to negotiate (or face higher costs).
         | - * Goal: Create chaos to pressure partners into accepting
         | dollar devaluation and debt swaps.
         | 
         | What's Next (If the Playbook Holds)?
         | 
         | 1. The Clone Currency Wars
         | 
         | Expect Trump to accuse China/EU of "currency manipulation" to
         | justify further dollar interventions.
         | 
         | 2. Debt Shakeup
         | 
         | Pressure foreign Treasury holders (like Japan) to swap debt for
         | century bonds. If they refuse? More tariffs.
         | 
         | 3. Sector-Specific Tariffs
         | 
         | Pharma, lumber, and tech tariffs are likely next to "protect"
         | U.S. industries.
         | 
         | 4. Retaliation Escalation
         | 
         | Allies like Canada/EU will counter with tariffs, risking global
         | recession.
         | 
         | The Perils Lying Ahead (Miran's paper admits risks)
         | 
         | Miran's paper admits risks:                  * Tariffs might
         | strengthen the dollar short-term (investors flock to USD
         | safety), undermining manufacturing goals.           * Debt
         | restructuring could trigger a Treasury sell-off, spiking
         | interest rates.
         | 
         | Bottom line: "Liberation Day" is phase one of a high-risk plan.
         | Success depends on whether trading partners blink first.
         | 
         | "The Road goes ever on and on, Down from the door where it
         | began. Now far ahead the Road has gone, And I must follow, if I
         | can." - Tolkien
         | 
         | https://smithcapitalinvestors.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/03...
        
       | Waterluvian wrote:
       | Am I wrong to intuit that tariffs against everyone is less bad
       | than tariffs against a few, because now the rest of the world has
       | even more potentially willing replacement trade partners?
        
       | lifeinthevoid wrote:
       | So the US has been, more or less, the best place in the world to
       | do business. Stocks historically soaring, yadda yadda yadda ...
       | and somehow this guy sells the story that the US has been taking
       | advantage of by all the other evil countries in the world. It
       | does not, in any way, make sense. What a clown. A totalitorian
       | clown unfortunately.
        
         | MaxHoppersGhost wrote:
         | Would love to know what your country's tariffs are on the US.
        
           | teekert wrote:
           | You are downvoted but this never mentioned indeed. I have a
           | hard time finding how much us Europeans pay in tariffs on
           | stuff from China and the US.
        
             | knowaveragejoe wrote:
             | It's downvoted because it's a transparent and weak attempt
             | to "both sides" something that's not both-sidesable.
        
               | colordrops wrote:
               | Why is it not "both-sidesable"?
        
               | asacrowflies wrote:
               | Middle ground fallacy
        
               | colordrops wrote:
               | No, I'm asking for details in this specific case. I don't
               | have deep knowledge and understanding of the subject, so
               | why is it no applicable in this case?
        
               | verteu wrote:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_tariff
               | _ra...
               | 
               | > The European Commission says it charges an average
               | tariff of just 1% on US products entering the EU market,
               | "considering the actual trade in goods". It adds that the
               | US administration collected approximately EUR7 billion of
               | tariffs on EU products in 2023 compared to the EU's EUR3
               | billion on US goods.
               | 
               | > A World Trade Organisation (WTO) estimate puts the
               | average tariff rate on US products entering the EU
               | slightly higher at 4.8%.
               | 
               | > In both cases, this is far off the 39% figure quoted by
               | the Trump administration.
               | 
               | https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2025/04/03/fact-check-
               | are...
        
               | kolanos wrote:
               | Imagine calling trade "not both-sidesable". You can't
               | make this stuff up.
        
             | 332451b wrote:
             | For the EU and US: https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscor
             | ner/detail/en/qanda_...
             | 
             | > For technical reasons, there is not one "absolute" figure
             | for the average tariffs on EU-US trade, as this calculation
             | can be done in a variety of ways which produce quite varied
             | results. Nevertheless, considering the actual trade in
             | goods between the EU and US, in practice the average tariff
             | rate on both sides is approximately 1%. In 2023, the US
             | collected approximately EUR7 billion of tariffs on EU
             | exports, and the EU collected approximately EUR3 billion on
             | US exports.
        
             | consp wrote:
             | > https://www.belastingdienst.nl/wps/wcm/connect/nl/interne
             | taa...
             | 
             | Is suspect you can translate yourself. Every country has a
             | site I am sure (looked up uk tarifs yesterday for instance)
        
               | teekert wrote:
               | So depending on the goods, between 0 and 17%.
        
               | roflyear wrote:
               | Yeah, I think best way is to look at the total tariffs
               | collected by the EU on US goods - about $3.3b USD in 2023
               | - compared to imports ~$370b USD in 2023. So like, 1%.
        
       | c2k wrote:
       | cui bono? It is clear that the american taxpayer is not profiting
       | from this but neither seem the billionaires. So who does?
        
         | max_ wrote:
         | Those that are long Gold
        
       | roxolotl wrote:
       | Aside from everything else one thing what strikes me as
       | particularly insane is how it's not even defensible as a
       | protective measure. My favorite everyday olive oil comes from
       | Tunisia. They now have a 38% tariff on them. There are no out of
       | work olive farmers in the US.
       | 
       | The orange man wanted tariffs, the orange man is going to get
       | tariffs. Now we have to hope the American people aren't so dumb
       | as to still be convinced only he can solve their issues. I don't
       | hold out hope for that.
        
         | _heimdall wrote:
         | > There are no out of work olive farmers in the US.
         | 
         | Is that because we can't grow olives here, or because we don't
         | have federal subsidies propping up a domestic olive industry
         | that can compete with corn and soy?
         | 
         | I ready don't know the details well enough there, but it feels
         | like this could just be selection bias at play.
        
           | yifanl wrote:
           | Surely the null hypothesis isn't "The USA would have a
           | domestic industry for every crop known to man if not for
           | external factors"
        
             | apexalpha wrote:
             | Oh that's 100% what Potus thinks.
             | 
             | There's no other rationale for this other than thinking
             | this.
        
               | jredwards wrote:
               | You're assuming he has any rationale at all
        
               | overfeed wrote:
               | Leverage over importers, i.e. all of industry. If you're
               | a captain of industry and want an exemption or a lowered
               | rate, they you approach the deal table, cap in hand, with
               | tears in your eyes and beg like a dog. "Please, sir..."
               | 
               | In return for a minor reprieve, you ensure your factory
               | bathrooms and hiring policies are aligned with the
               | president's agenda, among many other things. This can be
               | a cudgel over the heads of the Apples and Costcos of this
               | country who dare to defy the edicts of POTUS on social
               | policy.
        
               | phtrivier wrote:
               | Other popular options are very publicly taking your card
               | of the Party, writing odes and poems to the Great Leader,
               | and give your firstborn daughter's virginity as a token
               | of vassality.
               | 
               | The problem is not so much that people don't like doing
               | such things - they get by - it's that, at some point,
               | enough people will start getting more favours than you
               | do, and you'll start feeling the need to stage a coup,
               | which is a lot of work.
               | 
               | I wonder how it will work out in a world where tiktok is
               | always there as a much less exhausting form of
               | entertainment than revolutions.
        
             | _heimdall wrote:
             | Let's ignore whether we'll actually get there, that's a
             | very deep question and entirely theoretical for now.
             | 
             | If we could snap our fingers and domestically produce most
             | or all of our own products, would you not prefer that?
        
               | coldpie wrote:
               | > If we could snap our fingers and domestically produce
               | most or all of our own products, would you not prefer
               | that?
               | 
               | I'm not the person you asked, but I would definitely not
               | prefer that. Trade & economic dependencies prevent wars.
               | Wars are really, really bad things.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Economic dependencies also start wars. Even if trade
               | exists, sometimes they don't like the terms.
        
               | _heimdall wrote:
               | We've had plenty of wars since globalization came in
               | post-WWII though. Its impossible to know what wars would
               | have happened without it, and how much war may have been
               | prevented due to trade rather than the threat of nuclear
               | war, for example.
        
               | aaronbaugher wrote:
               | Those were good wars, though, apparently, since they
               | bolstered US dominance and the spread of a certain flavor
               | of "liberal democracy" based on progressive politics and
               | consumerism.
               | 
               | I could have sworn they were bad wars when they were
               | happening ("No blood for oil"?), but opinions on that
               | seem to have shifted all of a sudden for some reason.
        
               | p_j_w wrote:
               | I don't think very many people have flip flopped to
               | "actually the war in Iraq was good." How many examples of
               | this can you point to?
        
               | scratchyone wrote:
               | No, because it is _far_ more expensive to domestically
               | produce our own products. I would rather not have a huge
               | increase in the cost of living.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | I don't want a cost of living increase either. However,
               | this raise the question of what the real cost is. The
               | prices might be cheaper, but is that only because we're
               | exploiting poorer people in markets with fewer worker
               | protections and fewer environmental protections? Is it
               | just because I'm greedy and I'm not willing to pay
               | someone a liveable wage here or go without whatever it
               | is? I'm not sure, but it makes for an interesting thought
               | experiment.
        
               | rthomas6 wrote:
               | I worry about this, but I started worrying about it less
               | when I read about Purchasing Power Parity. The same stuff
               | costs less in poorer countries.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | For some things that's true. For others it is not, or at
               | least not enough to make up for the difference. For
               | example, "housing" might cost less, but the definition of
               | housing might be different. Even if we adjust the
               | standards and built the exact same thing, it would be
               | cheaper, but likely still out of reach for the average
               | person in the poorer market.
        
               | anonfordays wrote:
               | Shhhh, you're not supposed to ask those questions!
        
               | pests wrote:
               | Better not pay them anything and they can go work in an
               | even worse sweatshop, right?
               | 
               | Or can hire some child labor in Florida since they
               | already changed the laws there.
        
               | mahogany wrote:
               | > but is that only because we're exploiting poorer people
               | in markets with fewer worker protections and fewer
               | environmental protections
               | 
               | That's definitely happening, but there are other possible
               | reasons. For example a good could be more efficiently
               | grown or produced in a country because of geographical
               | reasons.
               | 
               | Also, from a pragmatic standpoint, it is simply not the
               | case that all wages and wealth across the countries of
               | the world are equal. Maybe that could be a goal but is
               | anyone talking about that? Either way, it does not follow
               | that the workers in that country are necessarily
               | exploited when paid lower wages compared to the importing
               | country, unless we are using different definitions.
               | 
               | This is not to mention that untargeted tariffs can
               | increase the cost of living _for no gain at all_. If
               | Germany manufacturers some specialty tool (not with slave
               | labor, I would hope!), and no US manufacturer wants to
               | make it, then I suddenly have to pay X% more for no
               | reason at all.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Sure, not every country needs the same pay. Things like
               | cost of living can vary. It seems hypocritical to say
               | that people in one country deserve better protections
               | than in another though. If we aren't creating the same
               | protections as the workers here, it would seem that we
               | are exploiting the less protected group. Workers here
               | deserve real unions, but not in China. Workers here
               | deserve OSHA, but not in China. We've decided as a
               | society that people deserve certain protections,
               | benefits, and even environmental protections. These costs
               | factor into the cost of the goods. To not extend these
               | protections (or the remuneration to pay for them) to the
               | poorer group is exploitation by definition.
        
               | inglor_cz wrote:
               | "because we're exploiting poorer people in markets with
               | fewer worker protections and fewer environmental
               | protections"
               | 
               | This can easily be overdone. If you stop doing business
               | with poorer people, you all but guarantee that they stay
               | poor. Counter-productive to say the least.
               | 
               | In my lifetime, I saw a lot of countries grow at least
               | somewhat wealthy from extensive commercial contact with
               | the West, including mine (Czechia).
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Yeah, you don't want to stop business, but if the price
               | gap is massive, it might be good to ask why. Sometimes
               | it's because something is more efficient in that country.
               | Others it's just people getting taken advantage of.
        
               | Marsymars wrote:
               | Right, and there's a good case to be made for tariffs
               | that are explicitly tied to another country's worker and
               | environmental protections, where the country has
               | actionable steps to improve their worker/environmental
               | protections in order to avoid the tariff.
               | 
               | But the current administration is itself actively opposed
               | to worker or environmental protections, and the result of
               | the current tariffs will just be that the poor people
               | overseas end up even more impoverished and still lacking
               | in protections.
        
               | Spivak wrote:
               | No, because economic interdependence keeps everyone
               | (mostly) civil on the world stage.
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | Would the things you produce be as good? As cheap? As
               | available?.
               | 
               | Autarky is very bad.
        
               | _heimdall wrote:
               | Certainly the answer to those questions is always "it
               | depends."
               | 
               | If someone only cares about price, quantity, or some
               | specific measure of quality certainly domestic production
               | is limiting.
               | 
               | You'd want domestic production for other goals like self
               | reliance, sustainability, or resilience.
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | Or, hear me out, you could build relations with friends
               | and allies and not pretend you're Qing China and it's the
               | 1800s.
        
               | _heimdall wrote:
               | Are relations and allies impossible to have with trade
               | tariffs? Historically we have had both, I'm not sure why
               | they would be considered mutually exclusive.
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | 1. Why would you make trade with allies harder?
               | 
               | 2. Have you seen what the current US administrations is
               | doing to allies at the moment? (the million threats to
               | Greenland/Denmark, Canada, etc).
        
               | CharlieDigital wrote:
               | > If we could snap our fingers and domestically produce
               | most or all of our own products, would you not prefer
               | that?
               | 
               | That's like saying "If we could snap our fingers and
               | every state would have mild weather, abundant capital,
               | and a highly talented workforce, would you not prefer
               | that?"
               | 
               | Yeah, then every city could be like SF or LA or NYC.
               | 
               | But it's not even worth it as a thought exercise because
               | it completely ignores reality. The reason I live in NJ
               | and pay high taxes is because this is where the high
               | paying jobs and good schools are. Cottontown, Alabama
               | _theoretically_ could be a financial capitol of the world
               | and if you want to base your position on that, then you
               | should probably re-examine your position.
        
               | grayhatter wrote:
               | This is called rejecting the hypothetical. Just because
               | it's not worth it for the arguments you care about
               | doesn't mean it doesn't have value as a thought
               | experiment to explore the consequences.
        
               | techpineapple wrote:
               | I think my answer to this question would be no? The food
               | example is specific, all food can't be grown here, but
               | for other products that aren't commodities, I want
               | different cultures competing to build the best products
               | i.e. cars, and I want other cultures innovating things
               | that maybe their culture is optimized for (video games,
               | electronics in Japan, in the 1980's?). There are some
               | interesting questions recently about how maybe
               | globalization have turned luxuries into commodities (i.e.
               | all cars look the same) but I think my point still
               | stands.
        
               | mattnewton wrote:
               | No, research comparative advantage. We actually had it
               | pretty great in the US.
               | 
               | Also a world trading with each other is a world
               | disincentivized from war with each other.
        
               | _heimdall wrote:
               | I have, and that depends on whether you are concerned at
               | all with where we externalize our costs to. We had it
               | good while messing up a lot of other places.
               | 
               | Maybe that's fine, maybe its not, but its not as simple
               | as trade makes everyone better off.
        
               | grayhatter wrote:
               | Good question.
               | 
               | No, I would not prefer that. A robust distributed system
               | is less likely to crumble under local pressures. A blight
               | could more easily sweep through a single nation and take
               | out a staple crop or two, where it'd be impossible for
               | that to happen globally. You can't spin up additional
               | global trade quickly after you've shut it down, which
               | could lead to people starving in America. I like systems
               | that can't fail. That's especially true when that system
               | is how I'm able to eat food.
               | 
               | Global trade isn't a security issue, national or
               | otherwise. We don't increase safety or stability by
               | reducing sources of consumables.
               | 
               | Edit; super timely example because this isn't an unlikely
               | hypothetical: egg availability due to bird flu.
        
               | wat10000 wrote:
               | Not at all. We'd be much poorer in that world.
               | Comparative advantage is a thing.
        
               | dontlikeyoueith wrote:
               | No, for the same reason I don't try to manufacture my own
               | car in my backyard or build my own house, or grow all of
               | my own food, or ...
               | 
               | This is basic fucking common sense: I'm good at some
               | things and other people are good at other things. We each
               | specialize in the things we're best at, and everyone ends
               | up better off.
        
               | _heimdall wrote:
               | You went to the extreme though. I didn't ask if one wants
               | to do everything themselves. In the US, for example,
               | there are still hundreds of millions of people to
               | specialize in various roles.
        
               | dontlikeyoueith wrote:
               | You aren't clever for re-inventing autarky.
               | 
               | It's a bad idea for the same reason.
        
               | alwa wrote:
               | I'm not familiar with any arguments that would lead
               | somebody to prefer that. Maybe to avoid giving
               | adversaries leverage over you, but isn't that better
               | solved by diversifying your supply chain? Maybe to salve
               | the domestic effects of the trade adjustment, but isn't
               | that better solved by reallocating the surplus wealth
               | rather than eliminating it?
        
               | _heimdall wrote:
               | Self reliance and resilience, at least to certain
               | pressures, would fit. I don't think many people would be
               | willing to give up cheap electronics and only buy stuff
               | we produce here, but those are reasonable goals even if
               | uncommon.
               | 
               | Environmental concerns would actually fit the bill too,
               | if one is willing to consider externalized costs. Its
               | easy to ignore mining damage in other countries and all
               | the oil burned shipping over the oceans. When that all
               | happens at home people would more acutely feel the costs
               | and may be more likely to fix it.
        
               | grayhatter wrote:
               | > Self reliance and resilience,
               | 
               | describe how a entirely domestic food chain would be
               | _more_ resilient than one that is global?
               | 
               | Self reliance is a defective meme that breaks down once
               | you want anything other than individual survival.
               | Dependence on a community allows humans to specialize.
               | Humans being able to specialize is the only reason this
               | comment, or this thread exists. More simply, not just the
               | Internet, but modern life couldn't exist without it.
               | 
               | Once you acknowledge that interdependency is a reasonable
               | trade-off for the other nice things about life. A simple
               | infection no longer being a death sentence is a nice
               | thing we've commoditized reasonably well. The only
               | question is, how do you build a robust and resilient
               | system?
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | No, I wouldn't; Ricardian comparative advantage is a
               | thing, and the kind of extreme autarky you suggest means
               | sacrificing domestic prosperity available from maximizing
               | the benefits of trade for the aole purpose of also
               | harming prosperity in foreign countries (but usually less
               | sonthan you are denying yourself, because they have other
               | potential trading partners) by denying them the benefits
               | of trade.
               | 
               | Its a lose-lose proposition.
        
             | blitzar wrote:
             | Or (more likely) they would not have access to many crops
             | at all.
             | 
             | Personally I don't mind not having strawberries in the
             | middle of winter, but for some they care about that.
        
               | hombre_fatal wrote:
               | Sure, but that's the rationalizing of someone who can't
               | get strawberries in winter. Getting food that's not grown
               | locally much less in the current local season is one of
               | the most QoL-improving parts of the modern world.
               | 
               | Kinda sad to go from that back to "well I guess I don't
               | really need these nice things we took for granted. I
               | suppose I can live off jellied eels again."
        
               | me_again wrote:
               | Donald Trump, champion of the locavore community. Now
               | I've heard everything.
        
           | roxolotl wrote:
           | You can grow olives in the US and there are some farms in CA.
           | The quantities produced are orders of magnitude off though
           | and given the time it takes to grow olive orchards we cannot
           | replace our imports of olives in a reasonable time period.
           | 
           | There's a lot of examples like this. Coffee, and bananas come
           | to mind. You can only grow those in Hawaii, or maybe Flordia,
           | and there's absolutely not enough land to sate our imports.
           | The whole theory behind international trade is that some
           | countries do things well and others don't. In the case of
           | food the reality is more that others can't.
        
             | jm4 wrote:
             | Hawaii is the only U.S. state where you can grow coffee and
             | their coffee costs a fortune. You need tropical weather and
             | high altitude. Florida won't cut it. Besides, we already
             | have fruit rotting in the fields in Florida because there's
             | no one to pick it.
             | 
             | Want to put tariffs on Chinese electric cars or batteries?
             | Ok, fine. But tariffs on all imports? It's the most brain
             | dead policy in my lifetime. I can't think of any products
             | that are produced 100% domestically without any foreign
             | inputs. These tariffs will drive up the price of just about
             | everything.
        
               | baby-yoda wrote:
               | Puerto Rico (yes not a state) has active coffee farms.
        
             | lupusreal wrote:
             | There are olive farms as far north as Oregon. I visited one
             | a few years ago and bought some olive oil; it was very
             | good.
        
           | kochb wrote:
           | The exact growing conditions for olive production aren't
           | common in the US, so most of the production comes from
           | California - west of Sacramento and south along the San
           | Joaquin river. There are a lot of barriers in bringing
           | specialty crops to market related to know-how and contracting
           | sale of product, so even in other areas where growth may be
           | possible it may be infeasible.
           | 
           | https://www.agmrc.org/commodities-products/fruits/olives
           | 
           | https://croplandcros.scinet.usda.gov/
        
             | Yeul wrote:
             | I mean if you could make olive oil cheaper in America
             | wouldn't someone have done that by now?
             | 
             | The US never lacked for smart entrepreneurs looking for a
             | business opportunity. See wine.
        
               | newyankee wrote:
               | Most likely the answer in many such examples is it needs
               | cheap human labor. US seldom lacks anything in terms of
               | natural resources and always comes down to this.
        
           | fnord77 wrote:
           | Almost all the olive oil in my local Costco comes from
           | California
        
           | bavarianbob wrote:
           | Hard for me to believe that even with a surplus of domestic
           | production that comparative advantage of importing still
           | wouldn't be better.
        
           | Beretta_Vexee wrote:
           | An olive tree reaches the peak of its productivity after 15
           | years and can live for several centuries.
           | 
           | An adult tree can be so expensive that there are cases of
           | theft. It takes a heavy truck and a tree puller to steal an
           | olive tree.
        
         | e40 wrote:
         | California produces very high quality olive oil. I buy it at
         | Costco. The Kirkland brand likely comes from outside the
         | country.
        
           | rtkwe wrote:
           | California produced 1.94 million gallons of olive oil in
           | 2023. That same year the US used ~98.5 million gallons of
           | olive oil. There just isn't enough space to produce that much
           | olive oil in CA much less produce it profitably or in ways
           | that wouldn't devastate the environment. And all that is
           | ignoring that it takes around 10 years for an olive tree to
           | get to consistent production.
        
             | e40 wrote:
             | Oh, I agree. I was just pointing out we have some, and it's
             | going to get a lot more expensive now.
        
               | andreygrehov wrote:
               | > it's going to get a lot more expensive now
               | 
               | why? local producers don't pay the tariffs.
        
               | e40 wrote:
               | Because they will price their product to be just a little
               | cheaper than the imported alternatives. This has been
               | discussed to death, with citations, and I believe it to
               | be true. We will see, I guess.
        
               | andruby wrote:
               | And even if they don't raise their prices to below the
               | imported alternatives immediately, the increase in demand
               | means they'll sell out so quickly, they'll raise their
               | prices anyway
        
               | rtkwe wrote:
               | Companies tend to just take the extra profit instead of
               | keeping their prices lower than their competition for no
               | reason.
        
               | taeric wrote:
               | I mean, if their main competitor just got price jacked by
               | taxes, that will push the demand to them. Since they
               | cannot scale up to satisfy the demand, a correct choice
               | is to raise prices. You can argue that this is price
               | gouging, but the easy counter is that this is the market
               | reacting to the taxes and adjusting the going price.
        
               | andreygrehov wrote:
               | Fair.
        
               | dontlikeyoueith wrote:
               | Oh look, a Trump advisor who understands nothing.
        
         | myvoiceismypass wrote:
         | So, we can and do grow olives here in California, but it is a
         | very small industry compared Spain, Italy, etc.
         | 
         | However, one thing we absolutely cannot grow here in any sort
         | of money-making way, is coffee. So 32% tariffs on imports of
         | coffee from Indonesia.... when we do not even export coffee.
        
         | mkoubaa wrote:
         | I would happily pay 38% extra for high quality Tunisian olive
         | oil, it is already super undervalued because it's reputation is
         | lower than it should be.
         | 
         | It's gotten so bad that Tunisian olives are shipped to Italy,
         | pressed into oil, and labelled as Italian Olive oil.
        
           | xxX6hacke9rXxx wrote:
           | Except none of that 38% extra in price is going to the
           | farmers. It's a tax not extra profit for the producer. Crazy
           | how many people still do not know how tariffs work.
        
             | jimmydorry wrote:
             | You may want to re-read GP's comment because they did not
             | indicate whether they cared if the 38% went to the
             | government or the farmer. Reading their comment as written,
             | they simply said they would happily pay the tariff to
             | continue enjoying Tunisian olive oil. It's "crazy" of you
             | to imply they don't understand how a tariff works when
             | you're the one mis-reading what they wrote.
        
               | xxX6hacke9rXxx wrote:
               | I did not misread. He used `undervalued` which implies
               | that there is a difference between quality of the product
               | and its price. Slapping on 38% tax to Tunisian olive will
               | undermine this value proposition without improving the
               | producer or the consumers product experience. If anything
               | the relative price (due to the repetitively high tariffs
               | on Tunisia vs Italy) will ruin the value to price ratio
               | that attracts GP to the Tunisian olive oil.
               | 
               | Moreover, his use of the word 'happily' suggests he is
               | not aware of the negative consequences for both the
               | Tunisian exporter, who may have to lower prices or even
               | reduce product quality standards to compete with the now
               | relatively similar-priced Italian olive oil, and the
               | American consumer, who ends up paying more without any
               | improvement in value.
               | 
               | Why would someone be happy with a price increase if it is
               | not helping the producers of the good (which his comment
               | implies he is sympathetic to) or adding any value?
        
               | mkoubaa wrote:
               | You misread.
               | 
               | 15 dollars for a liter of my favorite Olive Oil is a
               | trade I would happily make. I didn't say I was happy that
               | the price increased, nor did I say that I am happy about
               | the tariff, nor did I say that I happy relative to how I
               | felt about the trade last week.
        
             | mkoubaa wrote:
             | What did I write that gave you the impression that I don't
             | know this?
        
           | xxs wrote:
           | If anything those Tunisian folks would have to reduce the
           | price to compete. The tariffs go straight to the US coffers
           | at the customs, nothing to do with the farmers.
        
           | flawn wrote:
           | https://www.oxfordeconomics.com/resource/tariffs-101-what-
           | ar...
        
         | xnx wrote:
         | > There are no out of work olive farmers in the US.
         | 
         | You should be using America corn oil. /s
        
           | mrguyorama wrote:
           | Well, no you see vegetable oils are actually bad and we
           | should cook everything in beef fat or butter.
           | 
           | Surely that's not stupidly expensive, right?
        
             | jollyllama wrote:
             | Producing tallow is cheaper than producing olive oil in
             | most of the USA.
        
         | belter wrote:
         | The US has a trade surplus with the UK, and the UK got a 10%
         | tariff :-) Who's ripping off who?
        
         | srj wrote:
         | >> There are no out of work olive farmers in the US.
         | 
         | I'm not sure this is true. I buy olive oil specifically from
         | California. It's niche but could be larger if they weren't
         | competing with lower overseas labor costs.
        
           | Cyph0n wrote:
           | It takes time to ramp up olive oil production, so it's way
           | more cost effective to just import olive oil from countries
           | with established crop.
        
           | woah wrote:
           | Don't olive trees take decades to reach maturity?
        
           | rtkwe wrote:
           | Not 50 times larger which is what it would need to be to
           | supply the current domestic consumption. California only
           | produced 1.94 million gallons of olive oil in 2023, that same
           | year the US used ~98.5 million gallons of olive oil.
           | 
           | Even if we could snap our fingers and create the orchards out
           | of thin air there's not enough land and water to grow 50x our
           | current production. Then where's the worker population coming
           | from? They're also trying to drive overall immigration to
           | essentially zero.
        
         | Cyph0n wrote:
         | Tunisian here. Tunisians on social media are baffled/amused
         | because olive oil is basically the only product imported by the
         | US.
        
           | nonethewiser wrote:
           | And apparently the US bought 33% of it
           | 
           | >Onagri data show that Spain is the leading destination for
           | Tunisian olive oil, with 47.4 percent flowing to Spanish
           | ports, followed closely by Italy at 42.2 percent and the
           | United States in third at 33.8 percent.
           | 
           | https://www.oliveoiltimes.com/business/africa-middle-
           | east/as...
        
             | dcrazy wrote:
             | This is interesting to me, because Spain and Italy are also
             | exporters of olive oil. And there have been famous
             | discoveries of fraud in the EVOO market as it has boomed. I
             | wonder what percentage of Spanish and Italian EVOO exports
             | are actually blended with (or wholly!) Tunisian imports?
        
               | Cyph0n wrote:
               | Many Spanish and Italian oil blends do indeed use
               | (unprocessed) olive oil from Tunisia. This is a problem
               | for Tunisia because we're missing out on the meat of the
               | profit margin generated by the final bottled product.
               | 
               | We have had recent successes with developing & selling
               | our own bottled products directly - Terra Delyssa is one
               | good example that has gained traction in the US market.
        
             | distances wrote:
             | Those numbers don't add up.
        
             | andruby wrote:
             | Tunisia is so productive it exports 123.4% of olive oil.
             | 
             | Or perhaps I don't understand what they're trying to say in
             | that sentence
        
           | kolanos wrote:
           | What is Tunisia buying from the United States?
        
             | gtech1 wrote:
             | http://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/exports/tunisia
             | 
             | and imports:
             | 
             | https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/imports/tunisia
        
           | andreygrehov wrote:
           | Work with your government to drop the tariffs on the US.
           | Problem solved.
        
             | Cyph0n wrote:
             | Or just wait for Tunisia to gradually replace tariffed
             | goods with EU and Chinese equivalents. Problem also solved?
        
               | andreygrehov wrote:
               | They could've done that before.
        
               | grey-area wrote:
               | They'll do that now.
        
             | gtech1 wrote:
             | From what I've understood from that chart, the "percentage"
             | is just a difference between imports/exports with the USA.
             | It's not actual tariffs in place by Tunisia ON USA goods.
             | Am I right/wrong ?
             | 
             | Or is Tunisia tariffing the hell out of US Olive Oil in
             | order to protect their local production base
        
             | curiousgal wrote:
             | Are you trolling?
        
               | andreygrehov wrote:
               | No, Tunisia imposes tariffs on U.S. imports. If they want
               | to avoid our tariffs, they can remove theirs, and we'll
               | do the same.
        
         | wayeq wrote:
         | If Jan 6th didn't dissuade people, I don't think anything will.
         | 
         | Additionally, his base will not blame him, they will swallow
         | whichever of the many narratives the propagandists are
         | currently cooking up that suites their fancy.
        
           | boringg wrote:
           | One thing worth noting is that congress isn't pleased about
           | the executive branch high jacking the powers of
           | appropriations from them (i.e. imposing a tax on the people
           | in the form of a tariff).
        
             | dcrazy wrote:
             | I see no evidence of your claim. A total of 4 senators of
             | the President's party voted symbolically on a non-binding
             | resolution against his Canada tariffs. The Speaker of the
             | House, who also belongs to the President's party, won't
             | even bring it up for a vote. There has been no motion from
             | the legislative branch to undo the President's _direct_
             | subversion of the power of the purse by effectively
             | eliminating the staff required to disburse Congressionally-
             | approved funds.
        
               | DFHippie wrote:
               | > There has been no motion from the legislative branch
               | ...
               | 
               | Surely you mean there is no motion from those in power in
               | the legislative branch, namely the Republicans. The
               | Democrats and Democrat-aligned independents make motions
               | which are blocked by the Republicans.
               | 
               | People's inability to recognize who is responsible for
               | bad acts leads to throw-the-bums out elections. People
               | are disgruntled, whether based on facts or false beliefs
               | fostered by propaganda. They throw the bums out. They
               | hope for better things.
               | 
               | If we want the government to function better, we need to
               | assign responsibility, not let Senator X and his pals, or
               | Representative Y and her pals, screw everything thing up
               | and then hide in the crowd. "Oh, look what the
               | legislative branch has done! Throw them all out!"
        
             | betaporter wrote:
             | I'm sure they are working on a very strongly worded letter
             | about this right this very moment.
        
               | fransje26 wrote:
               | You recon they've emerged from their slumber yet? /s
               | 
               | But maybe their share portfolio being hurt will bring
               | them to action...
        
               | leptons wrote:
               | What exactly do you expect them to do when voters took
               | away their power and gave it to Republicans?
        
               | DennisP wrote:
               | Since the GOP had its own dissenters on the budget,
               | Democrats could have started by not voting for the budget
               | without extracting concessions.
               | 
               | When Democrats were in power, the Republicans found all
               | sorts of ways to gum up the works.
        
               | leptons wrote:
               | trump would love a government shutdown, as he has proven.
               | I really doubt shutting down the govt would change any
               | situation when trump is legislating by executive order,
               | and mostly a shutdown would hurt Americans. You're trying
               | to simplify something that isn't simple at all, and blame
               | the Democrats for not doing what an armchair expert
               | wants.
        
             | Analemma_ wrote:
             | Are they going to actually do anything about it? If not,
             | their displeasure isn't worth a fart in the wind.
        
             | anon6362 wrote:
             | The root cause is the IEEPA (1977) which was vaguely worded
             | to supposedly shrink executive authority under TWEA (1917)
             | which allowed essentially unlimited executive authority
             | "emergencies" to be declared for an unspecified amount of
             | time. IEEPA was used to block TikTok, which still may get
             | blocked, and used to set these arbitrary tariffs. IEEPA
             | needs to be fully abolished. (And we also need to bring
             | back the Tillman Act (1907) and get an amendment to
             | overturn CU.)
        
           | brokencode wrote:
           | I disagree with this. Jan 6th didn't affect 99% of peoples
           | lives directly. It was clearly bad, but few people saw
           | impacts in their own lives.
           | 
           | Higher prices and a possible recession will affect every
           | person in the country and even globally.
           | 
           | His MAGA base might not blame him, but that's only like
           | 30-40% of the electorate. The other 60-70% won't be happy if
           | their lives are negatively impacted.
        
             | superconduct123 wrote:
             | That's the thing, there is an almost impenetrable media
             | wall that no amount of "this is bad" news articles can get
             | through
             | 
             | IMO the only thing that can get through is actual personal
             | consequences for the voter themself
        
               | NickM wrote:
               | _IMO the only thing that can get through is actual
               | personal consequences for the voter themself_
               | 
               | Well, yes. And his approval rating has been steadily
               | declining in tandem with the stock market declines he's
               | caused. If/when prices suddenly skyrocket because of
               | tariffs, you can bet his approval ratings will decline
               | further.
        
               | watwut wrote:
               | They will blame left, democrats, immigrants, women and
               | Canada for that.
               | 
               | They will not blame Trump, republicans, conservatives nor
               | anyone who work foe them.
        
               | gamblor956 wrote:
               | That won't work. WaPo, LAT, etc. have run numerous
               | articles where MAGA voters talk about the consequences of
               | his actions to them or immediate family members (getting
               | laid off, losing medical coverage, deportation, etc.) and
               | they say it's worth the sacrifice because they just know
               | that Trump is actually looking out for them and won't let
               | them suffer for too long.
        
               | brokencode wrote:
               | There are millions of voters who voted for Biden in 2020
               | and either sat out or voted for Trump in 2024.
               | 
               | Not everybody is part of the cult. Many people simply
               | thought Trump would take the economy and prices back to
               | 2019. If he doesn't, he'll be punished.
        
               | TaurenHunter wrote:
               | That must be why some people are keying Teslas and even
               | resorting to arson.
        
             | ModernMech wrote:
             | > It was clearly bad, but few people saw impacts in their
             | own lives.
             | 
             | It did though, they just didn't know how to measure it, and
             | it wasn't felt immediately. It was like the flash of light
             | that dazzles before the pressure wave of the nuclear bomb
             | blasts everything (which in the analogy is this moment,
             | now).
             | 
             | What happened on Jan 6, and in the leadup and response to
             | it, was the erosion of democratic norms. Before Nov 2020
             | they were stronger, and after Jan 6 they were significantly
             | weakened. Our institutions are essentially built on trust,
             | and Trump in his campaign to overturn the 2020 election
             | spent every waking moment for months attacking those
             | foundations. He purposefully eroded people's trust in
             | Democracy for no reason, because there ultimately the fraud
             | he alleged in that election was not found.
             | 
             | That impacts everyone. They just don't feel it in the
             | supermarket; they just have no "democracy meter" that they
             | can use to gauge how healthy their representation is in
             | government. But the reason he's able to do what he's doing
             | now is he because he laid the foundation in 2020.
        
               | recoup-papyrus wrote:
               | Yeah, Jan. 6 mattered A LOT because the response to it
               | just totally invalidated the legitimacy of the American
               | elite.
               | 
               | "Your concerns don't matter, and we hate you. Shut up and
               | take it."
               | 
               | That and covid.
               | 
               | After these events, it's just a matter of time before
               | they are deposed. A hostile elite can't go mask-off like
               | that and expect to stay in power for long.
        
               | brokencode wrote:
               | What in your mind should have happened differently in
               | response to Jan 6?
               | 
               | No widespread fraud was ever proven that could have
               | swayed the election.
               | 
               | Should we have pretended there were major flaws with our
               | voting system just to help you with your feelings?
               | 
               | Or maybe we should have let Trump be president again for
               | no reason just because you were really upset about it.
               | 
               | And did you ever wonder why, if Democrats were able to
               | magically steal the election in even red states like
               | Georgia and Arizona in 2020, they didn't bother to try it
               | again in 2024?
        
               | recoup-papyrus wrote:
               | The elite reaction to January 6th was just raw hostility
               | towards the American nation.
               | 
               | I don't claim to have access to secret knowledge about
               | the legitimacy or illegitimacy of the elections. My view
               | on the actual election fraud claims is agnosticism. I
               | have no access to information that would allow me to
               | independently come to any conclusion on the matter.
               | 
               | However, a large volume of very plausible evidence was
               | put forward. And, instead of honest engagement with those
               | concerns, we got extreme censorship, gas lighting, and a
               | violent crack-down on everyone involved.
               | 
               | We cannot allow people that have this attitude towards us
               | to continue to rule over us.
        
               | brokencode wrote:
               | A violent crackdown against who? The people who stormed
               | the capital and assaulted police officers?
               | 
               | Even AG Barr said there was no evidence of widespread
               | fraud. The "plausible evidence" you speak of was a
               | firestorm of unsubstantiated claims on social media that
               | incited a violent attack on the capital.
        
               | recoup-papyrus wrote:
               | > unsubstantiated claims on social media
               | 
               | Yes. Put your actual decision makers on social media, and
               | have them engage openly with the people making
               | unsubstantiated claims.
               | 
               | > Even AG Barr said
               | 
               | Almost all of the information that was put forward that
               | seemed plausible was _deleted from the internet, and
               | never addressed_.
               | 
               | We can figure out what happened after we get rid of
               | everyone that played a role in that; once we have a
               | truth-finding apparatus that is made up of friendlies.
               | 
               | The only thing that matters from all of this is that
               | unfriendly people are in power, and the only solution to
               | that is to get rid of them and replace them with friendly
               | people.
               | 
               | Trump, for all of his many flaws, at least pretends to be
               | friendly.
        
           | Bhilai wrote:
           | Spoke to a friend who is a big Trump supporter just yesterday
           | - his view is that we shouldn't react to short term impact,
           | these policies and tariffs should be viewed and judged in the
           | long term. These tariffs will remake american manufacturing.
           | I dont know if thats the current faux news talking point.
        
             | MajimasEyepatch wrote:
             | Yep, that's the talking point. Howard Lutnick has been out
             | there saying this.
             | 
             | For better or worse, though, voters don't judge politicians
             | based on the impact their policies have in 10-20 years.
             | They're going to judge these tariffs in 18 months when they
             | vote in the midterms and again in 2028, long before a
             | widespread shift in manufacturing can occur.
        
             | recoup-papyrus wrote:
             | > we shouldn't react to short term impact
             | 
             | Yes, but it's deeper than that.
             | 
             | We want our territory back, and we don't care about the
             | health of the economy.
             | 
             | In fact, if the economy tanks, that's even better, because
             | it will destroy the incentive for all of these other people
             | to be come here and set up shop.
             | 
             | If there is no opportunity here, there will be no reason
             | for them to be here. Also, if people are less comfortable,
             | people will fight over resources more, which will lead to
             | an antagonistic environment, which will cause even more
             | people to leave.
             | 
             | Furthermore, the imports industry, and international
             | corporations generally, are the power-base of our domestic
             | enemies, and local industry is the power-base of our
             | domestic allies.
             | 
             | I couldn't be more excited about all of this.
        
           | hnthrowaway0315 wrote:
           | The thing is that Jan 6th was done by part of the "people",
           | so it's now America versus America.
        
             | gizzlon wrote:
             | Everything done is done by "by part of the "people""
        
           | timewizard wrote:
           | "If propaganda doesn't dissuade people I don't think anything
           | will."
           | 
           | You accidentally answered your own question.
        
           | mlsu wrote:
           | _"The Party told you to reject the evidence of your eyes and
           | ears. It was their final, most essential command."_
        
         | tim333 wrote:
         | Maybe we can make British olive oil by getting Tunisian olive
         | oil and putting it in a British bottle? Then it's only 10%.
         | 
         | The whole thing is kind of nuts.
        
         | IMTDb wrote:
         | The orange man is saying: "Looks like you are sending a lot of
         | $$$ to those olive oil farmers in Tunisia. With my tariffs you
         | now have two choices at your disposal: either you keep buying
         | their Olive oil but then you are going to have to give me $$$
         | as well to pay for our national debt. You are going to buy less
         | of it; and help your country in the process. Alternatively, you
         | can decide that maybe you don't need olive oil all that much.
         | We have this amazing product called 'corn oil' which is
         | produced locally and is now comparatively less expensive, buy
         | that instead and support your local farmer. Choice is yours".
         | 
         | Maybe you don't like either of these choices; but at the same
         | time; saying "I believe that having cheap access to product
         | produced halfway across the globe is a god given right to
         | American people; how dare you imposing me to make such a
         | choice" is part of the reason why we need 13 earth to sustain
         | the modern US lifestyle.
         | 
         | I am really not a Trump supporter at all. But at the same time
         | the gradual reduction of tariffs has been a key factor of
         | increasing global trade; which in turn is a key component of
         | the increase of CO2 emissions. Finding a way to dampen a bit
         | the international component and making sure that locally
         | sourced products and services are not affected seems not that
         | bad.
        
           | throwway120385 wrote:
           | The whole "decide that maybe you don't need olive oil that
           | much" thing is what's going to crush the economy in the US.
           | The problem is that demand does not shift to alternative
           | supplies elastically. It takes years and sometimes decades to
           | build an alternate supply chain for some industries. So what
           | you're saying is that an entire generation of children in the
           | US are going to have to grow up materially worse off than
           | their parents and grandparents. And that's assuming that a
           | bunch of businesses magically start overnight to fill the
           | enormous gaps caused by a lack of access to international
           | supply chains. If you look at other countries such as in
           | South America or for example Italy where there are huge
           | protective tariffs, the industries you expected to magically
           | appear didn't. Instead people just have less and work less.
           | 
           | So your dichotomy applies, but it's not some magical ratchet
           | out of globalization unless there's a corresponding push on
           | the federal or state level to build competitive domestic
           | industries to replace the international supply chains we've
           | been cut off from.
        
           | ben_w wrote:
           | > I am really not a Trump supporter at all. But at the same
           | time the gradual reduction of tariffs has been a key factor
           | of increasing global trade; which in turn is a key component
           | of the increase of CO2 emissions. Finding a way to dampen a
           | bit the international component and making sure that locally
           | sourced products and services are not affected seems not that
           | bad.
           | 
           | I'm not sure about that part.
           | 
           | International shipping in particular isn't a huge part of the
           | energy cost of the goods that get shipped, so making the same
           | things locally doesn't save much. This is from 2016 so things
           | will have changed since then, but back then it was 1.6% of
           | emissions from shipping, vs. 11.9% from road transport:
           | https://ourworldindata.org/ghg-emissions-by-sector
           | 
           | What trade does increase directly is the global economy, and
           | that in turn means more money is available to be spent on
           | energy; historically the energy has been carbon intensive,
           | but everyone is now producing as much green energy as they
           | have factories to work with, and are making factories for
           | those green energy systems as fast as they have bureaucracy
           | to cope with.
        
             | IMTDb wrote:
             | I am from Western Europe and the story that "the majority
             | of the meat we eat is imported from Argentina at great
             | environmental costs while we have farmers unable to make
             | ends meet; this is what's wrong with globalization" is a
             | key story that gets repeated _constantly_ by environmental
             | activists and NGOs. Similarly, there 's a big push by the
             | same green parties to "stop consuming pineapple in
             | November, buy locally sources seasonal veggies instead".
             | 
             | I almost never see anyone disagreeing with that, and anyone
             | that does is immediately qualified as "climate change
             | denier". To me it looks like tariffs similar to those
             | introduced by Trump would constitute a step in the right
             | direction (make stuff more expensive = less consumption +
             | if you buy it anyway you have disposable income so you give
             | more to the state) . It feels weird to me that now it
             | suddenly doesn't seem to be so much of an issue anymore; if
             | it's only 1.6% why is it such a key argument.
             | 
             | Similarly; almost everyone agrees that "it's not normal
             | that we depend so much on foreign countries for things that
             | are essential for our future". That idea really came up
             | during the COVID crisis and never left. The EU is launching
             | "big plans" to address this issue (as usual; with barely
             | any impact at all). Again; the reason why we have FFP2
             | masks made in china is purely because it's cheaper. Make
             | them more expensive; and local options can pop up,
             | naturally. It will take decades; but the ideal moment to
             | begin working on your goals was yesterday. The next best
             | opportunity is today.
             | 
             | There are many many things wrong with the way Trump
             | computes the tariffs rates; the way they are announced,
             | handled etc. But at its core: "less trade, less global &
             | more local" is a key pillar of virtually every Green
             | Parties over here; it's so weird to me to see Trump (!!!)
             | actually do something that looks like it aligns with those
             | goals.
        
               | StackRanker3000 wrote:
               | > But at its core: "less trade, less global & more local"
               | is a key pillar of virtually every Green Parties over
               | here; it's so weird to me to see Trump (!!!) actually do
               | something that looks like it aligns with those goals.
               | 
               | But it's not for the same reasons. Also, the Green
               | parties explicitly want to reduce everyone's consumption.
               | Do you think American Trump supporters have intentionally
               | voted for being able to afford less stuff, have less
               | variety at the grocery store, etc?
        
           | StackRanker3000 wrote:
           | > but then you are going to have to give me $$$ as well to
           | pay for our national debt
           | 
           | You realize this money will not be used to pay down the
           | national debt, but rather fund commensurate tax cuts for the
           | very rich?
           | 
           | Their plan for the budget deficit is instead to slash
           | expenditures (see DOGE and what they're up to).
        
           | Marsymars wrote:
           | Sounds like a good argument for a carbon tax!
        
         | electriclove wrote:
         | There are small olive oil producers in the US. Do they see this
         | as a good thing?
        
           | scotty79 wrote:
           | Why wouldn't they? They can immediately raise prices by
           | however many percent the tariff is. Probably a bit less
           | because higher price causes lower demand. So let's say raise
           | by half of the tariff.
           | 
           | Maybe it will partially offset the increased cost of
           | everything they need to buy and sell olives.
           | 
           | Now when I think of it it might be a wash.
        
             | jm4 wrote:
             | They still probably use equipment, packaging and other
             | materials that come from overseas. Or they work with
             | suppliers impacted by tariffs. Their costs are going up.
             | Everyone's costs are going up, although some more than
             | others.
        
           | faizan-ali wrote:
           | I've put together a directory of olive oil producers from
           | California:) https://www.californiaoliveoil.info/
        
         | mrtksn wrote:
         | IMHO the idea is that they are ready to accept the suffering of
         | Tunisian oil lovers for the greater good, which is the
         | empowerment of certain type of people like them.
         | 
         | It's basically Europe but hundred or more years ago.
        
         | jancsika wrote:
         | > My favorite everyday olive oil comes from Tunisia. They now
         | have a 38% tariff on them.
         | 
         | "Silver lining:" there's a good chance that oil was either
         | rancid or doesn't pass basic quality tests for the "extra-
         | virgin" part:
         | 
         | https://www.ucdavis.edu/news/imported-olive-oil-quality-unre...
         | 
         | The COOC web site lists California olive oils that they've
         | certified. Last time I checked California Gold Olive Oil was
         | certified, and they even sell it in half and full gallons.
         | That's just one I've tried and liked-- there are a bunch of
         | others listed on the COOC web site. (Edit: there are probably
         | certification trade associations for other countries/regions,
         | COOC is just the one I'm familiar with.)
        
         | yeahwhatever10 wrote:
         | You are right about olive oil. So why did he do it? The trade
         | imbalance with Tunisia. Why is there are trade imbalance with
         | Tunisia? US consumers have money to buy products from Tunisia,
         | Tunisian consumers don't have the ability to afford products
         | from the US. Why can't Tunisian's afford US products? This is
         | the central question for every country in the trade war and it
         | has myriad factors, but two of the biggest are: A higher cost
         | US dollar, suppression of wages in countries like Tunisia (and
         | Germany, and China, etc).
        
           | pyrale wrote:
           | > Tunisian consumers don't have the ability to afford
           | products from the US.
           | 
           | They do use products from the US, just not physical ones.
           | It's weird to read such takes on HN of all sites.
        
             | tverbeure wrote:
             | It's not a weird take if you reasonably assumed that OP
             | meant: "they don't have the ability to afford the same
             | value of products from the US." Which makes total sense
             | because their income per capita is only a fraction of that
             | of the US.
        
             | yeahwhatever10 wrote:
             | There is this group-think on HN today that services are
             | intentionally left out as part of the US trade balance.
             | That confusion likely comes from tax and corporate
             | structures. Ie all those profits are locked into sub-corps,
             | so Apple-Cayman Islands or Google-Ireland (corporate tax
             | havens) which is why they don't show up on the balance
             | sheet as "trade" into the US (typically those sub-corps buy
             | financial assets with those profits). Read the first
             | chapters of Trade Wars are Class Wars for more depth.
        
         | andreygrehov wrote:
         | US does produce olive oil, particularly in states like
         | California, Arizona, Texas, Georgia, Florida, Oregon, and
         | Hawaii. So you do have a few options:                 1.
         | Support local producers. There are high-quality olive oils made
         | right here in the US that might surprise you.       2. Work
         | with Tunisia manufacturers to move their production to the US
         | 3. If you don't want to support local producers, pay extra and
         | enjoy your Tunisia olive oil as much as you want       4. If
         | politics is the real issue for you, move to Tunisia, there is
         | no "orange man" there
         | 
         | That said, refusing to support local production out of
         | principle isn't really a solution.
        
           | dreghgh wrote:
           | Difficult to move the production of olive oil.
           | 
           | I don't know how much you know about olive oil, but it comes
           | from olives, which grow on olive trees. Olive trees are
           | famously long-lived and, together with the very specific
           | types of land that they grow on, they represent extremely
           | persistent and valuable investments for the people who
           | produce olive oil.
        
             | Jun8 wrote:
             | This is not true. Next time you grab an olive oil bottle
             | read the fine print: unless it's very expensive it will be
             | a blend of oils from 4-8 countries, ie production doesn't
             | have to be in the same country where olives grow on olive
             | trees, as you eloquently put.
        
             | jay_kyburz wrote:
             | There are a few olive trees in my neighborhood. I should
             | plant some too. It would be fun to watch them grow.
        
               | rstuart4133 wrote:
               | > There are a few olive trees in my neighborhood. I
               | should plant some too.
               | 
               | They are nice trees, but beware you won't be eating the
               | olives unless you put a lot of work in. They have to be
               | de-bittered or "cured", which is done by soaking them in
               | things like caustic soda.
               | https://anrcatalog.ucanr.edu/pdf/8267.pdf
               | 
               | So if you are after a nice compact tree that doesn't need
               | a lot of water, then an olive tree is a good choice. But
               | if you want a garden of Eden fruit tree, there are much
               | better choices.
        
           | HDThoreaun wrote:
           | US consumption of olive oil is more than 10x domestic
           | production of olive oil. It is not possible to spin up olive
           | orchards in even a medium timespan as the trees take many
           | years to grow. It's not about wanting to support domestic
           | producers, it legitimately is not possible.
        
           | recoup-papyrus wrote:
           | You forgot about
           | 
           |  _5. Switch to another source of fat, like lard or butter._
           | 
           | Even if there isn't a local industry that produces something,
           | tariffs increase the competitiveness of domestic substitute
           | goods.
        
         | SpaceManNabs wrote:
         | > what strikes me as particularly insane is how it's not even
         | defensible as a protective measure
         | 
         | You must not have read many of the comments here. Way too many
         | people are trying to defend this just because they don't want
         | to have to admit that they were wrong on Trump being better for
         | the economy.
        
         | froggertoaster wrote:
         | I think you started to form a persuasive argument, but you
         | discredit yourself by saying "orange man".
        
         | Aschebescher wrote:
         | According to Trump Tunisia has to buy olive oil from you for
         | the same amount of money that you spent on Tunisias olive oil.
         | Otherwise one side has a trade deficit and that's unfair!
        
         | carabiner wrote:
         | We get a lot of titanium from China. That's because the largest
         | natural Ti deposits are in Eurasia. That is due to geology, not
         | politics, and now US companies who need it (read: high
         | performance transport, medical products) will pay substantially
         | more for it.
        
         | burgerzzz wrote:
         | No offense, but the benefits may outweigh problems like getting
         | your favorite Tunisian olive oil.
        
         | tootie wrote:
         | Olive oil, coffee, chocolate, vanilla, tea, lots of fruits,
         | sugar. These will all be massively stressed.
        
       | stickfigure wrote:
       | Here's something I want to understand: In 1930 the Smoot-Hawley
       | Tariff Act was passed by congress - an act of legislation. Nearly
       | 100 years later we have the president unilaterally picking any
       | tariff numbers he wants. What happened?
        
         | timmg wrote:
         | As I understand: Congress gave the president the power to add
         | tariffs in some "exceptional" cases. Trump claims this is an
         | exceptional case.
         | 
         | We'll see if Congress or the courts do something about it.
        
         | munchler wrote:
         | He invoked the International Emergency Economic Powers Act
         | (IEEPA), which gives him the ability to levy tariffs in an
         | "emergency". There is no actual emergency, of course, but
         | Congress does not have the political will to stop him.
        
         | xnx wrote:
         | Congress could stop this tomorrow if they wanted. They ceded
         | all control to the executive. [Republican] Congress is hoping
         | to claim credit for anything good that happens, but scapegoat
         | Trump when things crash.
        
       | torginus wrote:
       | This is just a stray thought of mine - but I feel like the US
       | might go down a very dangerous path - I think to avoid
       | retaliatory tariffs, US companies, such as NVIDIA might decide to
       | create foreign subsidiaries, and license the technology to them -
       | after all the tariffs don't apply if Europe does business with a
       | Taiwanese subsidiary.
       | 
       | But this will expose them to a technology exfiltration scheme
       | and/or hostile takeover in the vein of what happened to ARM
       | China.
       | 
       | Am I reading too much into this?
        
         | rtkwe wrote:
         | They already wouldn't be subject to this tariff if they bought
         | directly from Taiwan. Tariffs only happen when goods cross the
         | border so unless Nvidia's logistics required them to ship into
         | the US to get goods to Europe they shouldn't be affected by the
         | tariffs directly.
        
       | Andrex wrote:
       | Thank you, nonvoters.
        
         | s_dev wrote:
         | The only people who matter in an election are the voters so I'm
         | always perplexed so many feel comfortable blaming non voters
         | for the problems voters made.
         | 
         | This non voter shaming is quickly eroded as soon as you ask
         | voters if non voting is an issue. They will report it that is
         | is a huge problem. Then ask what candidates or parties support
         | mandatory voting and you'll get crickets.
         | 
         | That's because it has nothing do with tackling the perceived
         | problem of non voters and all to do with virtue signalling that
         | you vote.
        
         | munchler wrote:
         | Trump is very popular among low-information citizens. If you
         | corralled more of them into voting, he would have won by more.
         | Call me an elitist, but at this point we'd be much better off
         | if ignorant people stopped voting.
        
       | delijati wrote:
       | So no soft landing anymore
        
       | wolfcola wrote:
       | and it's all thanks to a16z and co
        
       | yyyk wrote:
       | The admin's think is that any negative trade balance is
       | 'exploiting' the US. Logically, the opposite would mean US is
       | exploiting others. So the only 'proper' balance is zero, which
       | requires managed trade. An obvious impossibility in this age.
       | There are ways to rebalance, they require time and patience and
       | thought (the latter seems most lacking).
        
       | dostick wrote:
       | This historical period will be remembered by being a cause for
       | legislation to introduce strict testing for mental illness in
       | government positions. Ask any psychologist and it's clear what it
       | is, but they won't say it publicly because of Goldwater "rule".
       | fact is they have the most dangerous and destructive mental
       | illness known, and they captured the power exactly because of
       | their disorderly mindset. Yet for months and years everyone is
       | observing and discussing what people with a serious mental
       | illness are doing when they are given highest post in power and
       | unlimited money.
        
         | Saline9515 wrote:
         | So which illness it is?
        
           | davidmurdoch wrote:
           | Greed? I dunno
        
           | louthy wrote:
           | Presumably psychopathy combined with narcissism
        
           | jgilias wrote:
           | Malignant Narcissism
           | 
           | https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2024/oct/24/trump-nyt-
           | ad...
        
         | kahrl wrote:
         | Nah.
        
         | baxtr wrote:
         | I don't support tariffs at all, but calling these people
         | mentally ill is the wrong approach.
         | 
         | They're not mentally ill, they're obsessed with power. It's
         | dangerous to conflate the two.
        
           | ldbooth wrote:
           | Dementia
        
           | jgilias wrote:
           | Malignant Narcissism
           | 
           | https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2024/oct/24/trump-nyt-
           | ad...
        
             | baxtr wrote:
             | That's called "overpathologizing".
        
               | jgilias wrote:
               | This is very different from "lay-diagnosing" every
               | introvert kid as autistic and every jittery kid as having
               | ADHD.
               | 
               | There's _a lot_ of reliable material from his direct
               | actions over the years to accounts from people who've
               | worked or dealed otherwise with him closely.
               | 
               | There's more than enough of it to make it possible to
               | fill in a DSM-5 questionnaire and see what the outcome
               | is.
        
         | teeray wrote:
         | > will be remembered by being a cause for legislation to
         | introduce strict testing for mental illness
         | 
         | You're making some bold statements about the ability of
         | congress to pass legislation at all.
        
         | blast wrote:
         | A medicalized psychiatric state is not the solution to the
         | current lunacy. Just imagine the abuses it would lead to.
        
         | rchaud wrote:
         | This is the equivalent of the "mentally ill lone wolf"
         | rationales given for American mass shootings.
         | 
         | What possible difference would a psychological test make when
         | an pre-existing felony conviction is not enough to keep him
         | from voting, but also to actually sit as head of state?
         | 
         | What is happening in America simply doesn't happen without
         | broad-based, implicit, systemic support at all the important
         | decision-making junctures. In 2017, several of the highest-
         | profile executive orders were slapped down in court within
         | days. In 2025, the government is not even pretending to abide
         | by court rulings on their EOs, and are detaining people without
         | charge and revoking their visas without due process.
        
       | IMTDb wrote:
       | I am not a specialist; but isn't that the most "green" policy
       | ever ? I mean:
       | 
       | - Tariffs will increase the price of virtually everything -> By
       | law of supply and demand; global trade and production will
       | decrease, leading to less CO2 production
       | 
       | - This effect will be stronger for stuff coming from far away
       | (little for Canda / Mexico; more for EU; huge for China). So
       | companies will have a tendency to rely on local producer (even at
       | a higher price). This again will lower transoceanic shipping.
       | Other countries will probably retaliate so this effect will go
       | both for inbound and outbound shipping. Again; less CO2
       | production
       | 
       | - More money for the government. There more stuff you buy, the
       | more tariffs you pay, so rich pay more than poors. Which again is
       | what green parties are looking for.
       | 
       | I might be very wrong about this; I am not a Trump supporter in
       | any way - and to be honest I ma not a fan of green parties either
       | - but my initial reaction is that if we look at the conclusion of
       | the policies; the _results_ are looking to align quite well. Of
       | course the surrounding storytelling is extremely different; which
       | puzzles me a bit.
        
         | dpc_01234 wrote:
         | Yes.
         | 
         | If you're into green policies, then tariffs are aligned with
         | what you'd probably want, at least on some level. Though it's
         | more complicated and by no means a slam dunk. One could say
         | that producing things locally in more places is less efficient
         | (lower economies of scale, etc.) which might result in more
         | overhead per item, which might outweigh the extra
         | transportation, etc. General assumption is that an
         | unconstrained free market arrangement encourages system
         | optimizing itself. But then there's a question what is it
         | optimizing itself for, and that's definitely not ecological
         | impact.
         | 
         | A change like that in a global economy has tons of non-linear
         | effects, many of which it need to play over time, etc. Some
         | changes are more easy to predict confidently, many not so much.
         | But barely anyone argues from first principles, and its
         | typically just tribal screeching on both sides.
        
       | _heimdall wrote:
       | I'm surprised by how many concerns there are here related to how
       | the tariff amounts were calculated.
       | 
       | It seems like they used a pretty simple algorithm to do it. Isn't
       | that a good thing? Countries were treated the same and the tariff
       | was decided primarily by the trade imbalance (with a minimum of
       | 10%). Would we rather them use a combination of completely
       | incomprehensible calculations and backroom deals?
       | 
       | Its open season for debating whether tariffs will work, or even
       | what the underlying motivations are. Attacking the use of a
       | simple algorithm across the board just feels lazy and either
       | emotionally or politically charged.
        
         | StefanBatory wrote:
         | It's both simple and stupid algorithm, though.
        
           | _heimdall wrote:
           | Why is it stupid? They claim to be concerned with trade
           | imbalances, and that those imbalances are a problem. Using
           | those trade imbalances to calculate a tariff seems
           | reasonable, assuming the concerns are right.
           | 
           |  _If_ tariffs are to be imposed, I 'd at least rather be able
           | to see how they were calculated and know it was done the same
           | for every country.
        
             | dralley wrote:
             | The "numbers" appear to:
             | 
             | * Punish Ecuador, who uses the US dollar, for being a
             | "currency manipulator", which obviously makes zero sense
             | 
             | * Punish Lesotho, whose population is too poor to ever
             | afford US goods, because they export a lot of resources
             | that we use
             | 
             | * Punish countries like Columbia for being big coffee
             | exporters where there is no hope of building up a domestic
             | coffee industry because that's not how agriculture works
             | 
             | * Tariff an island inhabited only by Penguins
             | 
             | It's just dumb.
        
               | _heimdall wrote:
               | Aren't you cherry picking to make a point though?
               | Certainly there are impacts on other countries though,
               | and they're likely aligned (in theory) with their stated
               | concern that countries are leveraging trade deficits to
               | take advantage of the US.
               | 
               | > Tariff an island inhabited only by Penguins
               | 
               | This would be a great sound bite, but its also entirely
               | useless. If the only inhabitants are penguins then a
               | tariff on paper means nothing, they just avoided having
               | to write one-off exceptions.
        
               | dralley wrote:
               | >they just avoided having to write one-off exceptions.
               | 
               | They did do one-off exceptions though. They excluded
               | Iran, North Korea, and Russia from the list.
        
               | _heimdall wrote:
               | Do we have any appreciable trade with them? I would have
               | thought existing sanctions packages approved by congress
               | would supersede this.
        
               | detaro wrote:
               | 3 billion USD apparently. lots smaller than in the past,
               | but still bigger than quite a few countries that did get
               | listed.
        
             | energy123 wrote:
             | It's stupid because trade imbalances aren't necessarily a
             | problem, and are sometimes a good thing that you need.
        
               | _heimdall wrote:
               | That doesn't make the policy stupid, it means you
               | disagree with the opinion that led to the policy.
        
       | nilkn wrote:
       | I don't know how I feel about this overall. But I do want to
       | recount something from my childhood.
       | 
       | I'm American. I grew up in the rural Midwest. The truth is that
       | much of this country is a depressing shell of its former self.
       | The town I grew up in is all but dead -- about 12,000 people
       | still live there, though. The nearest big city, previously a hub
       | of manufacturing innovation, has been on a steady decline for
       | decades. Since the 70s, more and more powerful drugs have been
       | flooding into the broad geographic region, decimating entire
       | communities and creating generational cycles of poverty and
       | addiction. It's an absolutely brutal combination that has totally
       | killed almost all innovation and output in huge swathes of this
       | country. Candidly, even if you brought back manufacturing to the
       | area, the local population is so dependent on drugs that you'd
       | struggle to even find workers today.
       | 
       | Today's drugs are so powerful that addicts would rather live in
       | total poverty with drugs daily than have a high-paying job
       | without drugs. Every small business owner in these regions knows
       | this, but the true scope and severity of the problem can
       | otherwise be hard to fully notice and appreciate. It's not
       | possible to operate a small business in these regions without
       | encountering the drug problem on a regular basis.
       | 
       | Do I think tariffs are going to fix this? Honestly, probably not,
       | for the simple reason that Trump is old and won't be here much
       | longer even if he tries to install himself as a dictator. The
       | winning strategy for much of the world is to likely wait this out
       | to some degree -- best case scenario for others is that this will
       | just get reversed or significantly mitigated in 3.5 years, which
       | is the blink of an eye on global timescales.
       | 
       | Nonetheless, my heart goes out to the incredible loss this
       | country has experienced over the last few decades. It's truly
       | heartbreaking and devastating that we've sold out so much of the
       | country for short-term profits to such a degree that we can
       | probably never break out of the cycle without severe pain and
       | sacrifice.
        
         | trgn wrote:
         | I see the drug problem in my midwest city too, it's literally
         | on my doorstep on occasion.
         | 
         | The country is also not struggling with high unemployment or
         | stagnant wage growth.
         | 
         | Multiple things can be true at once. Tariffs are a solution to
         | an imagined problem.
         | 
         | And fwiw - reshoring has been happening already, through
         | congressional action (CHIPS, IRA), rather than presidential
         | decree, and was doning so without wrecking the economy.
        
           | nilkn wrote:
           | The reshoring efforts you're talking about will not come
           | remotely close to restoring what was lost and what could have
           | been. We're so far behind outside of software and finance
           | it's almost unfathomable. To grasp the full cost that has
           | been paid, you need to imagine a scenario like all of NYC,
           | Seattle, Austin, Denver, Silicon Valley, San Francisco, etc.,
           | just don't exist at all. That kind of scale is what we've
           | lost out on -- not in software, of course, but in most other
           | industries.
           | 
           | Fly-over country should have been the site of the greatest
           | industrial and manufacturing innovation the world has ever
           | seen. We threw away one of the greatest opportunities in
           | history to juice stocks for a couple decades.
        
             | e40 wrote:
             | That sounds nice, but "bring manufacturing back" isn't a
             | plan. Details matter.
        
         | acdha wrote:
         | I think that's part of what I find so frustrating about this.
         | There's an alternate history where we'd have a national effort
         | to invest in domestic industry, especially outside of a few
         | areas which are doing well, but that just wouldn't look
         | anything like this.
         | 
         | A good example I saw was living in New Haven years back, where
         | they were struggling to build businesses around the Yale
         | community. There's a ton of unused industrial area, especially
         | as you go east, but they didn't have the right combination of
         | funding environment, local workforce, and infrastructure so in
         | practice everyone went to NYC or Boston, or SF, and the state
         | of Connecticut kept losing out.
         | 
         | Fixing that would be huge, but tariffs won't do it unless you
         | also invest in those other things and also something like
         | antitrust protection so the key decisions aren't made by a
         | handful of gigantic companies.
        
         | energy123 wrote:
         | The lack of longevity to these tariffs is part of the problem
         | with them. Why would anyone invest in a factory when everyone
         | knows these tariffs are likely going to be short lived, making
         | any capex wasted. Capital is going to try to wait this out.
         | It's short term pain and long term pain.
        
         | ttw44 wrote:
         | This theme of "small town USA" is dying everywhere, even here
         | in Upstate New York. Drugs and lack of opportunity has a
         | chokehold on everywhere in America.
        
         | e40 wrote:
         | I understand the emotion, but emotion alone will not get us out
         | of this. Here is a very similar post from someone much like
         | you:
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43565630
         | 
         | It makes a lot of good counterpoints.
        
         | rbetts wrote:
         | The problem isn't not enough money. It's not enough
         | distribution of money. Income inequality in the US is at 1929
         | levels.
        
       | hnarn wrote:
       | I'm European. While it's pretty childish to paint the US and the
       | EU as two human being with a "relationship" it's of course pretty
       | jarring to see a country that has for my entire life been the
       | undisputed cultural hegemony simply check out of the world stage
       | and suddenly treat everyone on "their" side (culturally,
       | politically and economically) like an enemy, or at the very least
       | an abuser.
       | 
       | I'm not an economist, but I don't think you have to be one to
       | realize that kicking the entire global economy right between the
       | legs will lead to a recession -- just look at the supply chain
       | issues that echoed for years after Covid, and the massive
       | "quantitative easing" that had to be done to avoid a recession.
       | 
       | The abandonment of trade partnerships I could live with, I'll
       | make it through a recession and every country is free to elect
       | their own politicians and make their own fiscal policies, dumb as
       | they may be; I don't get my "feelings hurt" by Americans wanting
       | to bring back manufacturing jobs -- although I have issues
       | understanding the reasoning.
       | 
       | What worries, and actually saddens me, is the complete doing away
       | with of _values_ , that I do think have existed in the past. The
       | US has never been a beacon of exemplary behavior, and I
       | understand that "nations have no friends, only interests" -- one
       | needs to look no further than the US treatment of the Kurds for
       | an example of this -- but it's _unbelievable_ to me how so many
       | Americans can not see the American self-interest in making Russia
       | pay for what they 've done in Ukraine.
       | 
       | Russia has been the main antagonist of the US for the entire
       | post-ww2 era. It's a totalitarian state and an obvious enemy to
       | the US. Invading Ukraine was a massive mistake, and all the
       | richest country in the world had to do to basically risk-free
       | damage their biggest antagonist, was to keep pressing a dollar-
       | button together with the EU. No boots on the ground, no Iraq- or
       | Afghanistan scale disaster, just military and economic support
       | for a country that could end up being an extremely close ally.
       | There is literally zero chance Russia could win a war of
       | attrition with this dynamic. Instead, it's like the Soviet union
       | in the 70s would have given away Cuba for free and instead
       | threatened to invade North Korea.
       | 
       | In the end, I think what makes me uncomfortable is that I truly
       | do not understand what it is that the average American (or voter)
       | wants, because the actions of the US on the international stage
       | makes no sense to me, yet so many Americans seem to cheer it on.
        
         | jgilias wrote:
         | Most Americans just don't care that much about international
         | affairs.
        
         | fnord77 wrote:
         | > I truly do not understand what it is that the average
         | American (or voter) wants,
         | 
         | there's no such thing as an average American voter
        
         | myvoiceismypass wrote:
         | I was told the average voter wanted cheaper goods (especially
         | eggs). One candidate lied and said you'd get that day 1 (like
         | someone running for class president who promises free ice cream
         | at recess every day), the other was realistic and used coherent
         | words to describe their policy.
         | 
         | Our loss.
        
         | specialist wrote:
         | #1 Per our Constitution, USA has minoritarian rule baked in.
         | 
         | There's many anti-democratic choke points: Electoral College
         | for POTUS, Supreme Court, US Senate, gerrymandering effect on
         | US House, long history of systemic disenfranchisement, etc. aka
         | Vetocracy per Francis Fukuyama.
         | 
         | #2 ~6m Biden voters stayed home in 2024.
         | 
         | There's a sizeable cohort of infrequent voters and a huge
         | cohort of non-voters who self disenfranchise. Due to nihilism
         | (voting doesn't matter), both parties are the same, low
         | motivation, whatever.
         | 
         | #3 Like most everywhere else, our information ecology is
         | broken, fragmented.
         | 
         | The audience for "traditional" media's news is tiny, compared
         | to social media. The Dems focus on "traditional" whereas GOP
         | have successfully embraced "social". So for all the billions
         | spent every presidential election (political advertising), most
         | voters don't ever hear from Democrats.
         | 
         | Therefore, US voters are mostly unable to correlate policy
         | positions with politic parties. So mass politics really comes
         | down to marketing and vibes.
         | 
         | #4 Addressing these "legitamacy" issues (government by consent
         | of the governed) is wicked hard when one of our two political
         | parties has been utterly opposed to democracy and effective
         | governance for decades.
        
         | jmathai wrote:
         | Quality of life has been going down for most Americans over the
         | past few decades. It's harder to buy a house, raise a family,
         | etc. on a modest income. Increasing cost of goods has outpaced
         | wage increases but there are probably other factors at play
         | too.
         | 
         | Americans lived in a world where all you needed was a decent
         | job and you could have a good life - defined by what I said
         | above. That's not the case anymore and they're upset about it -
         | they're looking for someone or something to blame.
         | 
         | The republican party chose to blame immigrants and the
         | democrats chose to blame lack of DEI. This fractured the
         | citizens into two camps who can seemingly find no middle ground
         | anymore.
         | 
         | Meanwhile, the wealth gap continues to increase and the middle
         | class is shrinking. But neither political party can run on a
         | platform of reducing spending AND higher taxes on wealth.
         | They'd lose their funding sources - so they're stuck with
         | immigrants and DEI.
         | 
         | Meanwhile, Trump sees an opportunity to extract wealth from the
         | working class by reducing government spending and diverting
         | those savings to corporations and the wealthy. Moderate
         | Americans feel a bit powerless given how quickly our long
         | standing legal and government structures seem to be
         | deteriorating.
        
         | sirbutters wrote:
         | My take on this is the right wing media re-defined the word
         | "woke" to create an enemy, and take the propaganda to full
         | blast to convince the average idiot that "woke" is the ultimate
         | threat to society, and nothing else matters. Add to that the
         | vicious religious practices and the false prophets who
         | financially benefits from the brainwashed, to make it harder to
         | question the new paradigm. That's what the average
         | american/voter was told to "want": destroying woke by all
         | means. What "woke" actually means, and the fact the definition
         | is so vague (meaningless?) is the true weapon.
        
       | throw4847285 wrote:
       | I can't say it any better than Randy Newman:
       | 
       | The end of an empire // Is messy at best
       | 
       | And this empire's ending // Like all the rest
       | 
       | Like the Spanish Armada // Adrift on the sea
       | 
       | We're adrift in the land of the brave // And the home of the free
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E0EAwSpTcM4
        
       | andrewclunn wrote:
       | The blue collar workers are fine with enduring a bit more pain
       | for a few months or even years as this pans out. Specifically if
       | the investment classes (who will be most harmed) suffer more.
       | Long term goals are other countries lower their tariffs with the
       | US, more US manufacturing, a temporarily devalued US dollar to
       | more easily pay down the national debt, and a renegotiation of
       | the terms by which the US provides military protection to other
       | nations. People who already had little if anything to lose not
       | being able to buy cheap foreign goods they weren't going to
       | purchase anyways for a chance to see if this works out, while
       | seeing the tech bros, academics, and investment bankers squirm,
       | rage, and seethe? Though I'll get down voted into oblivion, the
       | unmitigated despair and outrage on display in these comments just
       | make my smile that much wider.
        
       | Havoc wrote:
       | Notably none of Russia, Belorussia or North Korea.
       | 
       | Really starting to look like the US senior leadership is
       | compromised
        
         | VWWHFSfQ wrote:
         | All of those already have heavy sanctions. Additional tariffs
         | do nothing since it's already effectively illegal to do
         | business with them.
        
           | jononor wrote:
           | There are several billions in trade with Russia. Higher than
           | Ukraine currently, and Ukraine got a 10% tarrif.
        
         | MaxHoppersGhost wrote:
         | Yeah cause those are already sanctioned...
        
       | michaelsshaw wrote:
       | So many people around the world have been hurt by the terrorist
       | US government. This lessening legitimacy will hopefully provide
       | them some sort of justice.
        
       | dev1ycan wrote:
       | Since the Nixon admin ended the dollar standard the world has
       | basically been pumping the US economy in so many ways, enabling
       | US imperialism.
       | 
       | 1)Dollar standard guarantees countries will absorb US budget
       | costs, since they all have to have dollars they have to accept
       | their money devaluing as the US creates artificial inflation.
       | 
       | 2)People buying the US stock market due to no fears of free
       | trade, now why would a Chinese or citizens of certain other
       | countries EVER risk buying US stocks? the trade has become so
       | flimsy if even possible anymore, this is a cold war 2.0 at full
       | scale, 54% tariffs on China are not a joke, that almost kills
       | trade entirely, it wouldn't surprise me if China cut relations at
       | some point now or if it keeps getting worse.
       | 
       | The real reason for this tariffs is a very Thucydides trap
       | moment, ALL these tariffs were primarily targeted to China and
       | countries that could potentially be a "threat" again if China
       | were to "fall" economically, example: Japan, SK, India.
       | 
       | Oligarchs are for it because they want to eventually privatize
       | the stock market and go back into a weird pseudo aristocracy,
       | where they control the most powerful corporations in the world,
       | just like back in the 1800s. (notice how Elon keeps SpaceX,
       | Neuralink and others private?) Since the 90s unlike the rest of
       | the world the stock market has halved in size in the US and the
       | trend will keep going until only a couple individuals control the
       | US economy.
       | 
       | This whole plan however has a flaw, it assume China won't
       | eventually pass the US technology wise, but in the event that it
       | happens, what then? will you not trade with China then? if that
       | happens then you become basically North Korea where you are
       | isolated from the latest technology, as the gap grows you get
       | further and further behind in your standard of living. If that
       | scenario happens it would be catastrophic for the US.
        
       | tinyhouse wrote:
       | One thing I don't understand. US is much bigger than most
       | countries. Why would a country the size of Belgium (~12M people)
       | needs to import as much as it export from the US in order not to
       | have tariffs > 10%?
        
         | bitshiftfaced wrote:
         | You could flip this around. Why would a country the size of
         | Belgium need to export as much as it imports from the US?
        
           | tinyhouse wrote:
           | Not sure I'm following. Isn't that supply and demand?
        
             | bitshiftfaced wrote:
             | What I'm saying is that if total exports to the US is a
             | function of the difference between the US and Belgium
             | population size, then why wouldn't imports be a function as
             | well? Belgium has less people buy things to import, but
             | also less people to sell things to export. It's not clear
             | to me what the mechanism is that these two functions should
             | be so different.
        
               | timbit42 wrote:
               | Canada has only 41 million people, 1/8.5th of the US
               | population, but it's a big country so it has lots of
               | resources to export.
        
       | acyou wrote:
       | Americans would want to have high value-added activities done in
       | the USA, and low value-added activities done abroad. Tariffs are
       | being marketed as trying to achieve that goal.
       | 
       | The five strategic areas/sectors identified as a priority for
       | repatriating activity into the USA are pharmaceuticals, forestry,
       | steel/aluminum, automobiles, and semiconductors.
       | 
       | How is forestry a high value added activity? Are we including
       | furniture manufacturing, or maybe residential housing
       | construction in that sector?
       | 
       | Are we including all of the byproducts of steel and aluminum in
       | the steel/aluminum strategic area? I assume it's not just the raw
       | materials?
       | 
       | Is software included as part of the semiconductor sector?
       | 
       | The bull case for the USA is 1. Reshoring actually happens 2.
       | Other countries actually drop their tariffs/trade barriers 3. A
       | new golden age of Pax Americana/free trade ensues, with Americans
       | exporting their high value manufactured goods worldwide
       | 
       | The bear case for the USA is 1. Republicans get hammered in the
       | midterms 2. Entire world raises tariffs against the USA 3.
       | American factories close en masse 4. USA dollar is devalued and
       | reserve currency status is threatened
       | 
       | Historically, the pattern seems to be: 1. Acquire global empire
       | 2. Promote free trade inside that empire, benefiting high-value
       | added domestic activities and limiting high-value added
       | activities in areas outside the core of the empire 3. Run out of
       | money due to the costs of fighting wars to maintain the empire 4.
       | Military power declines 5. Through one or more wars, another
       | power takes over
       | 
       | Proponents of tariffs argue that Trump is trying to take us back
       | from Step 3 - run out of money to Step 2 - promote free trade. In
       | order to understand this thinking, it's important to understand
       | that your empire's colonies aren't supposed to be allowed to
       | promote their own industries and limit free trade by enacting
       | duties on your own high value exports. To enforce free trade, you
       | then fight wars, you can send gunboats (Opium Wars) or invade
       | (Gulf War). But you can't invade and fight everyone, and rising
       | powers protect their own industries through various measures as
       | they build up.
       | 
       | But power is most powerful when it's not used. The threat of
       | action is much more powerful than the actual action. That's why
       | I'm more than surprised and not too happy that tariffs on a large
       | scale have actually gone forward. Ideally, the threat of tariffs
       | would be used to actually cause other countries to drop their
       | tariffs, and free trade ensues. I'm not sure about historical
       | examples of this working for getting other countries to drop
       | their tariffs. You could certainly try suppress the growth of
       | other countries, I'm not sure how well that works in a global
       | marketplace scenario.
       | 
       | The flip side of that is that if you threaten for too long and
       | never actually do anything you may lose some credibility. But I
       | don't think anyone is arguing that the Americans are gaining
       | credibility by enacting tariffs. It's a big world, and unless
       | Americans have the power to influence their trading partners not
       | to trade with others, then everyone can just trade with each
       | other instead of trading with the Americans.
        
       | nailer wrote:
       | The media has been perpetuating that that tariffs are borne by
       | consumers. This is partially the case, but not entirely: US dairy
       | in Canada is not 3 x the price of Canadian dairy despite the 200%
       | + tariff.
        
         | dagw wrote:
         | It really also depends on how a product is imported. Is dairy
         | imported into Canada as a ready to sell retail product, or as
         | bulk 'raw material' for local companies to turn into consumer
         | products. In the latter case the tariff is less significant to
         | the final price since most of the price the end user sees are
         | local markups rather than the cost of the raw ingredient.
        
         | KeithBrink wrote:
         | Bad example. Most dairy imports from US -> Canada are not
         | subject to the tariffs.
         | 
         | This video goes over the details of the thresholds and how
         | those dairy tariffs work:
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0lURdVBCBo8
         | 
         | In short, nobody is paying 200% tariffs.
        
         | peeters wrote:
         | Admittedly without knowing much about our dairy industry and
         | supply management, isn't this flawed logic? If a 200% import
         | tariff means Canadian dairy can _also_ be sold at a higher
         | cost, then it 's still the consumers bearing the cost--they are
         | being denied access to cheaper dairy altogether.
        
         | sebazzz wrote:
         | > The media has been perpetuating that that tariffs are borne
         | by consumers
         | 
         | They've _not_ done that enough. The title is literally "34%
         | tarriffs _on_ China". Heh, _not_ __on__ China but 34% import
         | tax on products which come indirectly or directly from China,
         | imported by $country residents or companies.
        
       | fnord77 wrote:
       | Russia defeated the UK with Brexit.
       | 
       | Russia defeated the US with Trump's policies.
       | 
       | Where's the internal opposition?
        
       | oxqbldpxo wrote:
       | The lion is not killed by other beasts but by the worms inside.
        
       | cshores wrote:
       | Trump is going at this with a big ask. I anticipate that these
       | percentage numbers will settle much lower in the end.
        
       | kaonashi wrote:
       | we've spent the last 50 years basing our currency in foreign
       | manufacturing, seems like a good way to tank the dollar to me
        
       | 0xbadcafebee wrote:
       | Can't we sue the President or something? What if he made it like
       | 200% to really try to fuck the country over?
        
       | beanjuiceII wrote:
       | can't wait to read all the bad HN takes on this one
        
       | macinjosh wrote:
       | All the gigabrains trying to be economists ITT don't understand
       | this is a political move for Trump's base. It is not about what
       | is technically best or the most logical according to the
       | academics. It is an emotional decision more than anything. It
       | stems from the working class in America being given cheap crap
       | from Asia that barely works in exchange for shipping the good
       | jobs overseas to the lowest bidder.
       | 
       | The working class has enough TVs, iPhones, and toys. We want
       | secure housing, good education, healthy food, and an opportunity
       | for promotion in life. Those things can only come with good jobs
       | that are accessible to the whole working class, not just the well
       | educated who make up most of the service economy.
        
         | mahogany wrote:
         | > We want secure housing, good education, healthy food, and an
         | opportunity for promotion in life. Those things can only come
         | with good jobs that are accessible to the whole working class,
         | not just the well educated who make up most of the service
         | economy.
         | 
         | What level of confidence do you have that the tariffs are a
         | path to this outcome?
        
       | cs702 wrote:
       | Three things:
       | 
       | 1. On the face of it, this looks horrible. I won't rehash the
       | many arguments against it here, though. This page is already
       | chock-full of those arguments.
       | 
       | 2. Robot labor could make ultra-low-cost manufacturing possible
       | in the US, to the point that many things become cheaper to make
       | locally than to ship from abroad, tariffs or or no tariffs.
       | 
       | 3. If any major country/region negotiates lower tariffs by fully
       | opening its market to US products, every other country/region
       | will be forced to do the same, expanding free trade everywhere.
        
         | xnx wrote:
         | > If any major country/region reacts by negotiating lower
         | tariffs in exchange for a full opening of its market to US
         | products
         | 
         | Would any country trust the US in a negotiation?
        
           | cs702 wrote:
           | Probably only to the extent the US actually does what it has
           | agreed to do.
        
         | mrguyorama wrote:
         | >Robot labor could make ultra-low-cost manufacturing possible
         | in the US, to the point that many things become cheaper to make
         | locally than to ship from abroad, tariffs or or no tariffs.
         | 
         | That's not a solution to anything though. All it does is ensure
         | your money goes to Mr. I-own-the-robots instead of to Foxcon's
         | Mr I-own-the-people
         | 
         | That doesn't bring back any _jobs_
        
       | TaurenHunter wrote:
       | I don't see anyone mentioning that the United States needs to
       | manage its massive national debt, currently in the trillions, by
       | issuing Treasury securities. These securities mature at varying
       | intervals and require continuous "rolling" or refinancing to pay
       | off old debt with new borrowing.
       | 
       | Significant rollovers are expected from April through September
       | 2025, with additional short-term maturities due by June.
       | 
       | Higher interest rates significantly complicate US' ability to
       | refinance. The cost of servicing this debt -- paying interest
       | rather than reducing principal -- is already a major budget item,
       | surpassing Medicare, approaching Defense and Social Security
       | levels.
       | 
       | If rates don't come down soon it locks in higher costs for years.
       | The country is at risk of a debt spiral.
       | 
       | How can rates come down? The present uncertainty around tariffs
       | and a potential crisis could create conditions that pressure
       | interest rates downward before those Treasury securities mature,
       | by influencing Federal Reserve policy.
       | 
       | Treasuries are considered safe during such crisis. Increased
       | demand for Treasuries pushes their prices up and yields down,
       | effectively lowering interest rates.
       | 
       | What are the flaws in this thinking?
        
         | sathackr wrote:
         | "If the fed won't lower the interest rate I'll tank the economy
         | until they do!"
        
         | zerreh50 wrote:
         | An economic crisis will reduce tax income though, reducing the
         | ability of government to pay even if the interest is lower
        
           | thworp wrote:
           | In the long term, yes. In the medium term, companies and
           | people liquidating their assets and paying capital gains tax
           | actually gives the state a windfall.
        
           | WXLCKNO wrote:
           | If the goal of Putin is to destroy the US through illogical
           | fiscal policies by means of using his Puppet, it all makes
           | sense.
        
         | papercrane wrote:
         | A plan like that could backfire, as one of the primary things
         | that the Fed looks at when setting interest rates is inflation.
         | Increasing the costs of imports across the board will likely
         | increase inflation, which would make a rate cut less likely.
         | 
         | But in general, I think this is too complicated. The simpler
         | explanation for all this is the Executive branch is currently
         | held by isolationist.
        
         | rthomas6 wrote:
         | The flaw I see is centered around this paragraph.
         | 
         | > How can rates come down? The present uncertainty around
         | tariffs and a potential crisis could create conditions that
         | pressure interest rates downward before those Treasury
         | securities mature, by influencing Federal Reserve policy.
         | 
         | Rising prices due to tariffs won't pressure the Fed to lower
         | interest rates. It will increase inflation and worries of
         | inflation, which will actually pressure the Fed to RAISE
         | interest rates. A slowing economy won't stop inflation... We
         | are likely entering into a period of "stagflation". The way out
         | last time was very high interest rates and short term economic
         | hardship.
        
           | timr wrote:
           | Prices rising due to tariffs isn't "inflation" in any
           | traditional sense. It's not driven by consumer demand, and
           | therefore the logic for raising rates (i.e. slowing economic
           | growth by reducing money in the market) doesn't apply.
        
             | sandworm101 wrote:
             | >> rising due to tariffs isn't "inflation" in any
             | traditional sense.
             | 
             | Perhaps not in an academic sense, but the vast majority of
             | people understand inflation as a rise in the cost of
             | living, no matter the root cause.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | Yes, but the point being made above is about the reaction
               | of the bond market vis a vis refinancing the debt, not
               | consumers.
        
               | mattnewton wrote:
               | You can't isolate these things, the Fed's charter is to
               | try and reduce inflation for consumers not regulate the
               | bond market for the US debt, but their interest rates and
               | repo actions move the bond market.
        
             | ethbr1 wrote:
             | Coupled with tax cuts?
        
             | tananaev wrote:
             | It doesn't matter what the root cause of increasing prices
             | is. Fed doesn't have any other levers but to adjust rates
             | up to reduce demand. It will work either way because even
             | if demand is not the source, it will reduce whatever demand
             | that was there.
        
             | scottiebarnes wrote:
             | If the consumer price index, which is a metric the Fed
             | uses, goes up, then inflation has gone up. Every dollar
             | buys you less (less purchasing power), and the nominal
             | price has increased. To me this indicates inflation. Of
             | course, you need to calculate how this balances out in
             | terms of jobs/wages and the flow of investment, but that's
             | really hard to figure out at this point in time.
             | 
             | I'd expect the CPI to go up in the event of global tariffs
             | at a baseline of 10% assuming all things go ahead as
             | described.
        
               | timr wrote:
               | Yes, that's fine. But if the acute cause is not consumer
               | demand, raising interest rates won't do anything.
               | 
               | (Note: a sibling comment suggests that it "doesn't
               | matter", because if you slow the economy _enough_ ,
               | you'll offset the artificial "inflation" due to tariffs.
               | Maybe so. But that would be cutting off your arm to treat
               | a paper cut.)
        
               | adgjlsfhk1 wrote:
               | calling 50% tarrifs on all of easy Asia is hardly a paper
               | cut. it's more breaking someone's ribs while giving them
               | CPR
        
               | SpaceNoodled wrote:
               | It's more like breaking your own ribs while breaking
               | someone else's ribs, no CPR involved.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | It gets extra confusing when considering import/export of
               | ribs.
        
               | resters wrote:
               | Inflation is just a description of price movement,
               | nothing more.
        
               | patates wrote:
               | Doesn't expectation of inflation increase consumer
               | demand? If I like apples and expect that tomorrow they'll
               | cost more, I may buy more apples today?
               | 
               | Disclaimer: I don't know anything about economics
        
               | croemer wrote:
               | It does but only if there's an increase in the expected
               | rate of inflation as opposed to a one-off shock like
               | we're seeing here.
        
               | rstuart4133 wrote:
               | > But if the acute cause is not consumer demand
               | 
               | But the acute cause _is_ consumer demand. If the consumer
               | reacted by not buying the tariffed stuff there would be
               | no cause for alarm. But no, they continue to buy the
               | higher priced goods. I 'm not sure what happens next, but
               | it seems if that is allowed to continue some sort of
               | feedback loops develops leading to inflation getting out
               | of control. We've seen that happen often enough, and the
               | effects are devastating. So devastating governments use
               | the interest rate hammer despite knowing it will likely
               | get them thrown out of office, which is what happened to
               | Biden.
               | 
               | The interest rates hikes (again for reasons I don't
               | understand) effectively suppress demand. But it isn't
               | necessarily demand for the tariffed goods, it's overall
               | demand. Typically what you see drop is advertising,
               | restaurants and similar discretionary spending. Notice
               | they are services - not tariffed goods. This brings down
               | spending to match income, and which somehow keeps
               | inflation dragon in it's box.
               | 
               | In other words, the point of raising interest rates isn't
               | to cure the tariffs. The only thing that can do that is
               | to remove them. Instead it's to counter the effects of
               | the tariffs - which is that they have made the economy
               | less efficient, in the sense in the consumers can
               | purchase less stuff with the money they have in their
               | pocket. The consumers are in a very real sense poorer.
               | The interest rates are just a hammer to ensure they act
               | like they are poorer, and buy less stuff, and bring the
               | economy back into balance. They react to being beaten
               | with that hammer by voting out the party that chose to
               | hit them with it. But it was for the own good, and so the
               | political party deploying it has effectively decided to
               | take one for the team. For all the cynicism our political
               | systems and the politicians cop, I sometimes think they
               | are undervalued. (But only sometimes, and only some of
               | them.)
               | 
               | I suspect Trump is thinking "but the money hasn't been
               | destroyed - I've now got it". And that's true. The effect
               | of the tariffs is to divert trillions of dollars (by
               | Trump's calculations) to the USA federal government.
               | Before the citizens of the USA were free to spend that
               | money as they see fit. Now they have handed over to
               | Trump, and so have have effectively lost a freedom they
               | once had.
               | 
               | If you look at other economies around the wold that have
               | dragged themselves up by the bootstraps by imposing
               | tariffs, like say China of Singapore, they poured that
               | money into infrastructure, education and R&D. Maybe
               | spending it in that way is perhaps more productive than
               | letting Joe Sixpack using it to pay for takeout. I dunno.
               | 
               | Admittedly it's still an open question, but to me it
               | seems the odds of Trump spending the money in that way is
               | remote given he is currently cutting back on those very
               | things. Perhaps even more telling is the USA go to be the
               | most powerful economy on the planet by explicitly not
               | letting government decide on where surplus money should
               | be invested, but rather leaving that decision to it's
               | capitalist economy. As it is, Trump is moving the USA
               | from a capitalist economy to a command economy, with him
               | in command.
               | 
               | Amazing stuff to see. I'm glad I'm watching from afar.
        
               | alwa wrote:
               | One way around this might be a twist on Goodhart's Law:
               | if you come after the people at BLS who produce the CPI
               | [0], and replace them with political appointees, then
               | maybe you can arrive at an "improved" CPI that hews more
               | closely to your political desires. Assuming you're the
               | kind of leader who privileges optics over high-fidelity
               | data.
               | 
               | [0] https://www.politico.com/news/2025/02/12/elon-musk-
               | doge-labo...
        
               | Marsymars wrote:
               | > I'd expect the CPI to go up in the event of global
               | tariffs at a baseline of 10% assuming all things go ahead
               | as described.
               | 
               | A lot of dollars are spent on US goods/services, so the
               | baseline is more like 10% * proportion of dollars spent
               | on non-US goods.
        
             | greybox wrote:
             | If a pair of shoes today costs $30, and a pair of shoes
             | tomorrow costs $60 (not saying this will happen, just
             | positing a scenario), from a consumer perspective, there
             | has been 100% inflation in the price of shoes. It doesn't
             | matter that the price increase is due to tarrifs on imports
             | from Vietnam.
        
               | FredPret wrote:
               | Yes and there will be the usual political consequences
               | associated with inflation; but this type of inflation is
               | caused by a tax and cannot be combated by raising
               | interest rates.
        
               | sroussey wrote:
               | It most certainly can, though you would have to push
               | interest rates much higher than normal to kill demand
               | enough to have an effect.
        
               | SpaceManNabs wrote:
               | This is blatantly false. You just have to look at Jerome
               | Powell's reasoning in 2018-2019 and just last month!
        
               | ElevenLathe wrote:
               | Why wouldn't a rate hike make a difference? It will lower
               | demand and therefore prices, no? I mean, this isn't
               | really something that we should celebrate or want, since
               | it essentially just means discouraging people from buying
               | shoes because they can't afford it, but it does bring the
               | prices down (or at least slow the rate of shoe price
               | increase).
        
               | FredPret wrote:
               | True but that mechanism is indirect at best. Usually high
               | interest rates discourages more borrowing and lowers
               | spending that way.
               | 
               | But in this case the price increase is already due to the
               | government putting its thumb on the scale. The best way
               | to reduce the price is not via the Rube Goldberg interest
               | rate mechanism to shrink spending and thus demand for the
               | $60 shoe, but by removing the tariff and make it a $30
               | shoe immediately.
        
               | roflyear wrote:
               | It is how it works in all scenarios, though. Higher rates
               | usually cause people to spend a little less which is a
               | reduction in demand.
        
               | atq2119 wrote:
               | A couple of things. In practice, most goods are actually
               | priced as cost-plus, with very thin margins, and any
               | response in prices is highly asymmetric.
               | 
               | If the purchase costs for a good suddenly increase,
               | retailers will increase prices very quickly because they
               | would otherwise start losing money very quickly.
               | 
               | If demand for goods decreases, that doesn't affect the
               | retailer's cost of goods at all, and if they were to
               | reduce their prices, they'd eliminate their thin margins.
               | From their perspective, it's better to sit on inventory
               | for a while.
               | 
               | So any downward pressure on prices would happen much more
               | slowly.
               | 
               | BTW, this kind of asymmetry is why a bit of inflation is
               | good, actually. Inflation acts as a universal and
               | permanent downward pressure on (real) prices, in the
               | sense that if retailers and others are unable to justify
               | an increase in nominal prices to their customers, their
               | real prices will drop.
        
               | culopatin wrote:
               | But the Fed is not the consumer
        
               | greybox wrote:
               | But (as I understand it) how the Fed tracks inflation is
               | the consumer price index, which does take things like
               | "the price of shoes" into account.
        
               | bobjordan wrote:
               | I'm an American that owns/operates a design and
               | manufacturing company -- we build customer products in
               | China and export to USA buyers. Let's say we build the
               | customer product and sell it to them for $20 ex-works
               | China. That means USA customer must pick it up at our
               | dock and pay the shipping fee. Lets ignore the shipping
               | fee to keep it simple. Assume USA customer currently
               | sells the product for $80 in USA. If USA customer now
               | needs to pay 35% import tariffs on $20/unit, then their
               | cost goes up $7 USD. If USA customer passes 100% of that
               | cost to their own final end customer, then they need to
               | start selling it for $87 USD. So 35% tariff ultimately
               | turns into a price increase of 8.75% for consumers.
               | 
               | But actually, tariffs have been 10-25% anyway for a
               | number of years. So for existing products, some tariff
               | cost was already included in that $7 total tariff cost.
               | So, for existing products, the cost may go up ~$3.50 and
               | our customer would sell it for ~$83.50 and the actual
               | increase consumers would see is ~ 4.5% increase.
               | 
               | Now, this is a typical pricing scenario for our USA
               | customers, they are selling individual products that cost
               | $20 in China at volume, in USA at retail for ~3x-5x the
               | per unit purchase cost from China, this is quite common.
               | Now, the USA customer must buy ~5000pcs to get that $20
               | USD unit cost, while consumers get to buy only 1pcs and
               | pay $87 USD, whether or not that is fair pricing given
               | the risks and R&D costs, that's just the reality. Anyway,
               | I'm not sure of the ex-works cost of shoes, but I'm
               | highly confident big brands like Nike sell them for at
               | least 5X the ex-works cost. So the math would be similar.
        
               | strongpigeon wrote:
               | From what I've seen (briefly worked at a logistics
               | company and would see companies POs), apparels seem to be
               | more in the 5x to 10 range.
        
               | scottyah wrote:
               | It's only inflation if you also double your earnings
               | (tongue in cheek, this takes obviously place on a macro
               | scale). This is about balancing costs. Globalization
               | created environmental externalities that are not
               | sustainable. While you enjoy the $30 pair of shoes, the
               | people by the factories suffer. Almost nobody importing
               | goods is really checking the supply chains properly
               | enough. We have pretty strict EPA laws here that are a
               | tariff in their own way.
        
             | scotty79 wrote:
             | It doesn't matter what causes inflation. It's always a sign
             | that there's more money than is needed for current and
             | anticipated levels of economic activity. And the correct
             | course of action is always to raise the rates to reduce the
             | pace that the money is printed at.
             | 
             | At least if you care about avoiding hyperinflation.
        
             | pragmatic wrote:
             | That's a distinction without a difference.
             | 
             | Oil price shocks in the 70s caused stagflation, a very real
             | threat now.
             | 
             | The solution then was massive pain (Volker) that seemed to
             | slay the beast.
        
             | Spooky23 wrote:
             | Inflation is inflation.
             | 
             | The fact that we decided allow a massive tax increase by
             | executive fiat is irrelevant. The fact that we're risking a
             | death spiral from decreased consumer demand via government
             | imposed inflation is irrelevant.
             | 
             | You're right in that the usual formula of turning the knobs
             | on interest rates to ease economic challenges is unlikely
             | to work. We may have to turn the knobs to prevent a total
             | death spiral, however. Get ready for 16% mortgages.
        
             | cco wrote:
             | Didn't stop the Fed last time, when inflation was due to
             | market control letting companies pick their own price (also
             | not "real" inflation).
        
             | croemer wrote:
             | Actually, price increases caused by tariffs are a type of
             | inflation--specifically, cost-push inflation. This is
             | consistent with standard definitions found in
             | macroeconomics and international economics textbooks.
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | > Prices rising due to tariffs isn't "inflation" in any
             | traditional sense.
             | 
             | Yes, consumer prices rising is inflation in the traditional
             | sense (since, unqualified, "inflation" refers to increases
             | in consumer prices.)
             | 
             | > It's not driven by consumer demand,
             | 
             | Inflation is not restricted to demand-pull inflation, which
             | is why the term "demand-pull inflation" has a reason to
             | exist.
             | 
             | Tariff-driven price increases are a form of cost-push
             | inflation.
             | 
             | > and therefore the logic for raising rates (i.e. slowing
             | economic growth by reducing money in the market) doesn't
             | apply.
             | 
             | The existence of cost-push inflation doesn't change the
             | short-term marginal effects of monetary policy on prices,
             | so of you care _just_ about near-term price levels, the
             | same monetary interventions make sense as for demand-pull
             | inflation.
             | 
             | OTOH, beyond short-term price effects things are very
             | different: demand-pull inflation frequently is a symptom of
             | strong economic growth and cooling the economy can still be
             | consistent with acceptable growth.
             | 
             | Cost-push inflation tends to be an effect of forces outside
             | of monetary policy which tend to slow the economy, so
             | throwing tight money policy on top of it accelerates the
             | slowdown. This is particularly bad if you are already in a
             | recession with cost-push inflation (stagflation).
             | 
             | The good thing, such as it is, about cost-push inflation
             | where the cost driver is a clear policy like tariffs, is
             | that while _monetary_ policy has no good option to fix it,
             | there is a very clear policy solution--stop the policy that
             | is driving the problem.
             | 
             | The problem is when there is irrational attachment to that
             | policy in the current government.
        
             | Zamaamiro wrote:
             | There's nothing in the definition of inflation that says it
             | needs to be driven by consumer demand.
        
           | jiocrag wrote:
           | This is flat out wrong. The Fed raises and lowers interest
           | rates to stimulate or tamp down demand. Raising interest
           | rates because prices rise while demand drops due to a trade
           | war would accomplish nothing.
        
             | frontfor wrote:
             | The Fed has two mandates: maximum employment & stable
             | prices. If prices go up, the Fed is mandated to raise
             | interest rate.
        
               | projektfu wrote:
               | The Fed has a mandate to keep inflation under control but
               | a lot of leeway to decide if they should increase
               | interest rates or not. If they see a price increase as
               | temporary or structural, and not based on an interest-
               | rate-responsive process, they will not increase rates.
               | Some prices are "sticky", some are definitely not.
        
               | Marsymars wrote:
               | They're mandated to raise interest rates in the event of
               | structural inflation, not in the event of a one-time
               | increase in prices. It would be silly if the government
               | increasing the VAT required the fed to increase interest
               | rates.
        
               | beams_of_light wrote:
               | That's an odd, fundamentally disconnected mechanism that,
               | I think, would have devastating impacts for Main St.
        
               | no_wizard wrote:
               | and it does, and has for many decades. This dual mandate
               | makes little sense in practice
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | The dual mandate makes plenty of sense when you realize
               | that the Fed and monetary policy aren't intended to be
               | the whole of economic policy, and that the actual main
               | piece of economic policy is with Congress and fiscal
               | policy.
        
               | sorcerer-mar wrote:
               | Even if the tariffs work as desired, they result in
               | persistently higher prices. Unless you're expecting
               | American laborers to work for less than literal Chinese
               | robots, I guess.
        
               | Marsymars wrote:
               | Right, I'm just saying that raising interest rates in
               | response to that doesn't make any sense. It would be
               | functionally equivalent to raising interest rates as a
               | response to an increase in the income tax rate in order
               | to restore the buying power of your pre-tax-increase
               | income.
        
               | jiocrag wrote:
               | The first sentence is right. The second is wrong, as
               | implied by the first. If raising interest rates would
               | exacerbate a recession and thereby unemployment, the fed
               | will not do it just because prices are rising. You are
               | ignoring half of their mandate.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > The Fed has two mandates: maximum employment & stable
               | prices.
               | 
               | It actually has three listed in the Federal Reserve Act:
               | 
               | * Maximum employment
               | 
               | * Stable prices
               | 
               | * Moderate long-term interest rates
               | 
               | It's popularly called a "dual mandate" because it is
               | perceived that properly balancing the first two will
               | naturally also achieve the third.
               | 
               | > If prices go up, the Fed is mandated to raise interest
               | rate.
               | 
               | No, it isn't, especially if employment is already below
               | the "full employment" level and expected to drop even
               | without the rate hike. Demand-pull inflation in periods
               | of strong employment and economic growth or looming
               | deflation in periods of weak enoloyment and economic
               | growth are easy-mode monetary policy choices (at least as
               | to direction, magnitude may be tricky).
               | 
               | But tariff-induced cost-push inflation in weak growth
               | slowing employment conditions, where Congress and the
               | President decline to remove the non-monetary policy root
               | cause, that's hard-mode monetary policy, because the
               | usual tools to address either the employment or price
               | problem will make the other worse.
        
             | rthomas6 wrote:
             | So you don't think employers will raise wages as the cost
             | of food increases?
        
               | sailfast wrote:
               | No - because generally there will be a lot more folks in
               | the labor market with less leverage so they will not need
               | to pay more in order to attract the talent they need.
               | This is also why inflation is typically solved by
               | recessions. They reduce labor demand which reduces wages
               | which (generally) reduces the price of producing things
               | overall.
        
           | TaurenHunter wrote:
           | Perhaps, we are mixing 2 things:
           | 
           | 1) Economic/Monetary Inflation, which is an increase in the
           | money supply in an economy driven by government or central
           | bank ("print money").
           | 
           | 2) Price Inflation, which is an increase in the general price
           | level of goods and services that people typically notice at
           | the groceries or gas and usually derives from monetary
           | inflation, but can also be due to the new tariffs.
           | 
           | Is the Fed going to do the same confusion and use 2 to
           | justify higher rates for longer?
           | 
           | I think they shouldn't unless they're being disingenuous and
           | politically motivated (push just enough to make the entire
           | Trump mandate an unending crisis until Democrats get back in
           | power).
        
             | arrosenberg wrote:
             | > I think they shouldn't unless they're being disingenuous
             | and politically motivated (push just enough to make the
             | entire Trump mandate an unending crisis until Democrats get
             | back in power).
             | 
             | They've been saying since the Biden administration they are
             | going to keep raising rates. If the Trump regime's choices
             | drive us into an unending crisis, bailing him out with rate
             | cuts would be the politically motivated choice. Continuing
             | to raise rates is just sticking to principles.
        
               | TaurenHunter wrote:
               | Not true. The Fed did lower rates leading up to the
               | election, seemingly to postpone a crisis until Democrats
               | got elected (which didn't happen).
               | 
               | https://www.reuters.com/markets/us/federal-reserve-
               | expected-...
        
               | arrosenberg wrote:
               | That's a speculative article that was wrong. I was also
               | somewhat misremembering JPow saying he wouldn't cut rates
               | after the inauguration as him saying he was going to
               | raise them. Rates changed a small amount in September,
               | then they did two big cuts after the election. Not really
               | evidence of political bias in any case.
        
               | seadan83 wrote:
               | The article does not say that....
               | 
               | The gist is that Republicans are going to blame the Fed
               | of playing politics when I terest rates are lowered, and
               | blame Biden for when interest rates rose. Rates go up,
               | Bidens fault, rates go down - politics. That is the
               | republican talking point. The article ascribes no direct
               | motive but says the reduction in rates is due to the fed
               | claiming victory on inflation. Which, was wel down and
               | approaching target when the fed started cutting rates.
               | 
               | It is ironic that an article that says (paraphrasing)
               | "here is what the political talking point would be", be
               | used as __evidence__ for that talking point.
        
             | fauigerzigerk wrote:
             | According to monetarist theory these two things are one and
             | the same.
             | 
             | The main source of "money printing" is banks making loans.
             | And this is what the Fed targets when it raises interest
             | rates.
             | 
             | I'm not quite sure whether tariffs really do lead to
             | inflation. It depends on how consumers and companies
             | respond to higher prices of imported goods and to the
             | general sense of uncertainty.
        
               | no_wizard wrote:
               | >I'm not quite sure whether tariffs really do lead to
               | inflation. It depends on how consumers and companies
               | respond to higher prices of imported goods and to the
               | general sense of uncertainty.
               | 
               | They won't absorb the new costs. That has not happened in
               | the history of capitalism as far as I am aware. Higher
               | costs will inevitably equate to higher prices without an
               | offset somewhere.
               | 
               | Investors don't like unpredictability, which Trump has
               | already shown to be very unpredictable in regards to
               | tariffs (the whole on again off again stance changes for
               | example).
               | 
               | Higher prices also lead to less buying activity. History
               | has proven this out too.
        
               | fauigerzigerk wrote:
               | _> They won't absorb the new costs._
               | 
               | If you mean that importers will not absorb costs then I
               | agree. They will pass on most of the costs, if not
               | immediately (to avoid sticker shock) then over a period
               | of time.
               | 
               | But the question is what happens to demand for imported
               | goods and demand for everything else. At constant money
               | supply, prices of some goods going up could put pressure
               | on the price of other goods and services, although this
               | seems less likely as the tariffs are so extremely broad.
               | 
               | A lot depends on how people respond. Will they reduce
               | saving to pay higher prices? Will they take out loans to
               | maintain living standards (creating new money in the
               | process)? Or will they cut back on spending causing a
               | recession?
               | 
               | And what will companies do? Will projects be put on hold
               | because the return on investment is too unpredictable?
               | What happens to the dollar? Will Trump cut other taxes to
               | offset his tax hikes on imports? What about the massive
               | budget deficit?
               | 
               | I think this is all highly uncertain.
        
               | no_wizard wrote:
               | Consumers will pull back, if not right away it will show
               | up with 18 months, though early indications suggest they
               | already are to brace for the price increases as most were
               | already trying to simply get ahead of the last few years
               | of inflation to begin with.
               | 
               | Businesses are already cutting back. My employer has
               | already talked about the impact, I know other people who
               | are saying the same thing. Lots of things going into
               | freeze or slowing down. It will take a minute for this to
               | get through the economy but it absolutely will.
               | 
               | I don't think this is highly uncertain territory, history
               | has clear examples of what will happen if in doubt.
               | Generally, it's not good for most, especially consumers
               | or those who have any reliance on foreign material or
               | goods, which nowadays is most businesses and consumers,
               | and the US won't be able to magically fill that in.
               | 
               | This will result in a recession
        
               | davejohnclark wrote:
               | > The main source of "money printing" is banks making
               | loan
               | 
               | Sounds like a similar mechanism as the UK. I'm not aware
               | if the system is exactly the same or not.
               | 
               | It was apparently so poorly understood in the UK that the
               | bank of England wrote a paper (Money creation the Modern
               | Economy https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/-/media/boe/files
               | /quarterly-...) in 2014 to clarify where new money comes
               | from. There's a good summary here
               | https://positivemoney.org/uk-global/archive/proof-that-
               | banks....
               | 
               | It's not something I was aware of until recently, but I
               | was surprised that it was not more under the control of
               | the government and central bank (in the UK, anyway, if it
               | turns out it's different in the US).
        
               | fauigerzigerk wrote:
               | _> Sounds like a similar mechanism as the UK. I'm not
               | aware if the system is exactly the same or not._
               | 
               | Yes, this mechanism is called fractional reserve banking.
               | It's in use basically everywhere.
        
               | davejohnclark wrote:
               | Interestingly that paper from the Bank of England makes
               | no mention of "fractional reserve" anywhere, but they do
               | say:
               | 
               | >Another common misconception is that the central bank
               | determines the quantity of loans and deposits in the
               | economy by controlling the quantity of central bank money
               | -- the so-called 'money multiplier' approach
               | 
               | >While the money multiplier theory can be a useful way of
               | introducing money and banking in economic textbooks, it
               | is not an accurate description of how money is created in
               | reality. Rather than controlling the quantity of
               | reserves, central banks today typically implement
               | monetary policy by setting the price of reserves -- that
               | is, interest rates.
               | 
               | >In reality, neither are reserves a binding constraint on
               | lending, nor does the central bank fix the amount of
               | reserves that are available
               | 
               | Anyway, I think I'm digressing from the topic a bit here
               | - but I _think_ what I've learned recently is that in the
               | UK it isn't actually fractional reserve banking, which I
               | was surprised by.
        
               | fauigerzigerk wrote:
               | _> but I _think_ what I've learned recently is that in
               | the UK it isn't actually fractional reserve banking,
               | which I was surprised by._
               | 
               | The BoE doesn't currently impose a mandatory reserve
               | requirement. They do have more general liquidity
               | requirements though (central bank reserves being one
               | possible source of liquidity). I would still see it as a
               | fractional reserve banking system, especially as these
               | minor differences don't matter for the question of how
               | money is created.
        
               | davejohnclark wrote:
               | Yeah I think that's a fair shout, the main element being
               | that private banks create the money via loans. Thanks for
               | engaging, I appreciate the discussion. One day I might
               | grok how modern economies hang together, but I've a way
               | to go yet.
        
           | megaman821 wrote:
           | Since people won't actually have more money to spend, you
           | would expect it to lower the prices of other things like
           | housing or travel. So there should be a negligible impact on
           | inflation depending on the weighting.
        
           | rdsubhas wrote:
           | The logic is very reductive. It's like: "the Fed's job is to
           | cut a snake, so if they see a snake around their head they'll
           | just close their eyes and cut both".
           | 
           | Raising rates does Absolutely Nothing to undo the tariffs or
           | bringing the price down. Fed is not a blind machine.
        
         | throw__away7391 wrote:
         | > What are the flaws in this thinking?
         | 
         | -> Treasuries are considered safe during such crisis.
         | 
         | Is that truly still the case? Does the world consider the US
         | stable right now?
         | 
         | I am astonished at how effectively the administration has blown
         | up every pillar upholding the US economy, short, medium, and
         | long term. The damage done here is incalculable. In all of
         | human history never has so much wealth been destroyed so
         | quickly.
        
           | belter wrote:
           | > I am astonished at how effectively the administration has
           | blown up every pillar upholding the US economy, short,
           | medium, and long term.
           | 
           | They are only 73 days In....
           | 
           | "France's Macron Urges EU Companies to Pause US Investments"
           | - https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2025-04-03/france-s
           | -...
        
           | Propelloni wrote:
           | Doesn't anybody remember Liz Truss? She took only 45 days to
           | almost sink the UK.
        
         | abvdasker wrote:
         | If the Trump admin's goal were to reduce the national debt it
         | would make way more sense to use fiscal policy (increase taxes)
         | rather than some roundabout way to force the Fed's hand on
         | monetary policy. The tariffs do basically function as a massive
         | regressive tax increase in the form of a sales tax, but that
         | comes with truly immense risks on the demand side of the
         | economy. Guess what happens to tax revenue during a recession.
        
           | TehCorwiz wrote:
           | There likely won't be any tax revenue.
           | https://finance.yahoo.com/news/trump-wants-eliminate-
           | income-...
        
             | throwway120385 wrote:
             | I'll believe it when I see a bill pass the House. But this
             | adminstration loves to make bold claims about what it's
             | going to accomplish without gathering the necessary votes
             | in the House, where it could most certainly push a bill
             | through. News articles don't count.
        
             | Zamaamiro wrote:
             | Actually very unlikely unless Congress passes a bill.
        
           | TaurenHunter wrote:
           | Trump is already increasing taxes (tariff is a tax on
           | consumption of imported goods). A recession is inevitable if
           | you need interest rates to go down.
        
             | Zamaamiro wrote:
             | ... while simultaneously adding trillions to the deficit to
             | finance tax cuts for the rich.
        
         | pjc50 wrote:
         | Tariffs increase prices. This tends to cause a wage-price
         | spiral, and indeed that's one of the stated objectives
         | (increase US wages by onshoring manufacturing). The increase in
         | prices and wages is inflation. This will cause the Treasury to
         | raise rates to force contraction.
         | 
         | Now, so far rates have indeed spiked downwards, but not a huge
         | amount: https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/government-
         | bond-y...
         | 
         | The next consideration is: what is the budget actually going to
         | look like? Is it going to cut spending and leave taxes where
         | they are, resulting in debt paid down, or is it going to be a
         | huge tax giveaway to the top few % while increasing the
         | deficit? (personally I'd bet on the latter)
         | 
         | Then the consideration: other players also get a move. What do
         | the retaliatory tariffs look like? Does cutting off the ability
         | of other countries to earn dollars negatively impact US
         | _exports_?
         | 
         | Devaluing the dollar against other currencies will also force
         | up rates by the arbitrage principle.
         | 
         | S&P down 4% so far today. Do we think that indicates the
         | measures are good or bad for US industries?
        
         | motorest wrote:
         | > I don't see anyone mentioning that the United States needs to
         | manage its massive national debt, currently in the trillions,
         | by issuing Treasury securities.
         | 
         | It's very hard to even assume that's a concern of the current
         | US administration, based on not only the fundamentalist goal of
         | radically cutting taxes and regulations, coupled with the fact
         | that it's purposely pushing a recessive economic policy that
         | defies any logic or reason.
         | 
         | The very least that you'd expect is a progressive tax policy
         | that didn't excluded corporations and mega-rich. You're not
         | seeing any of that.
        
           | Yeul wrote:
           | The whining about how social security payouts was going to
           | sink America while at the same time handing out tax cuts for
           | corporations hints at a ideologically driven agenda.
        
           | kurthr wrote:
           | Put clowns in charge and you'll get a circus.
           | 
           | Okuz saraya cikinca kral olmaz. Ama saray ahir olur.
        
             | ben_w wrote:
             | > Okuz saraya cikinca kral olmaz. Ama saray ahir olur.
             | 
             | I like the saying, but why Turkish? It's known in English
             | also.
        
               | kurthr wrote:
               | I'm sure it has a lot of sources, but it was popularized
               | more recently as a mistranslated Circassian proverb,
               | which caused a Turkish journalist to go to jail and then
               | was picked up by various English news outlets.
        
             | oersted wrote:
             | Translation: When the ox goes to the palace, he does not
             | become a king. But the palace becomes a barn.
        
             | leptoniscool wrote:
             | A crown on a fool's head does not make him a king.
        
         | kogus wrote:
         | I agree with you. To just offer a counterpoint, I sometimes see
         | quotes like this one:                 But plenty of economists
         | looked at the economic hole left by the 2008 financial crisis,
         | and concluded the stimulus policies on the table weren't nearly
         | big enough to fill it.       The size of the hole is all that
         | matters.       Whatever level of deficit spending is required
         | to fill it is the right level of deficit spending.[1]
         | 
         | or this one:                 We need the government to be out
         | there borrowing money because of the long-term investments it's
         | making in our economy[2]
         | 
         | The line of reasoning seems to be
         | 
         | 1) The government is special because it can go to extreme
         | measures to repay loans if necessary (i.e., print more money or
         | raise taxes)
         | 
         | 2) The reliability of the government means that it can borrow
         | at a low rate (say, 3%) and make investments that are worth far
         | more than that (say, 10%).
         | 
         | Put those together, and the government's borrowing amounts to a
         | net benefit to society.
         | 
         | This argument reminds me of the 'then a miracle occurs' comic
         | [3]. It doesn't hold water because
         | 
         | 1) The extreme measures are very harmful - they cause high
         | inflation and hardship amongst taxpayers.
         | 
         | 2) Even if we accept that government investment makes a good
         | return (a highly questionable assertion), that return does not
         | go to the government. If the government borrows money to build
         | a new road, then there is no doubt some economic benefit, but
         | the government does not receive that benefit, and they are on
         | the hook for the repayment anyway. So government spending
         | _does_ represent a pure cost - not an  "investment". And in any
         | case, interest payments represent investment that can no longer
         | happen.
         | 
         | I would also point out that back when we ran briefly ran a
         | surplus in the late 1990s, economists were not exclaiming about
         | how terrible this was, or how paying off the debt represented a
         | missed opportunity or a catastophe in the making. Everyone
         | agreed at that time that surpluses were good, and that paying
         | down the debt was good. The current "this is fine" thinking
         | smacks of economists who have a predisposition to accept and
         | justify the status quo, whether it is objectively good or not.
         | 
         | So all of that is to say that I'm with you - government debt is
         | bad. We are in danger of some combination of insolvency,
         | default, or very high inflation. And once we enter that spiral
         | it will be impossible to get out of it without permanent damage
         | to the economy and the global standing of the US (such as it
         | is).
         | 
         | [1] https://theweek.com/articles/618419/why-americas-gigantic-
         | na...
         | 
         | [2] https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/bonds/us-debt-
         | econo...
         | 
         | [3]
         | https://duckduckgo.com/?q=Sidney+Harris+comic+miracle+occurs...
        
           | cryptonector wrote:
           | > I would also point out that back when we ran briefly ran a
           | surplus in the late 1990s, economists were not exclaiming
           | about how terrible this was, or how paying off the debt
           | represented a missed opportunity or a catastophe in the
           | making. Everyone agreed at that time that surpluses were
           | good, and that paying down the debt was good. The current
           | "this is fine" thinking smacks of economists who have a
           | predisposition to accept and justify the status quo, whether
           | it is objectively good or not.
           | 
           | Oh? I remember all the teeth mashing about all those funds
           | who have to buy treasuries and now what are they gonna doooo!
           | And how this is unprecedented and how are the markets going
           | to reacccct! Numerous articles about that sort of thing in
           | The Economist and various other outlets.
        
           | AshleyGrant wrote:
           | > but the government does not receive that benefit
           | 
           | Yes it does, through increased tax revenues due to the
           | increased economic activity brought about by the road
           | existing earlier than it would have if the government had to
           | wait several years to save up the money to build that road.
           | 
           | Also, at least in the US, the government is nominally "We the
           | People," so if the general population experiences increased
           | economic activity, then the government is benefiting, as it
           | exists (nominally) for the benefit of the people.
        
         | TomK32 wrote:
         | How about a higher income tax or 1% wealth tax?
        
           | sroussey wrote:
           | Wealth tax is a nice idea but non-starter in implementation.
           | 
           | It works in real estate (property taxes are wealth taxes)
           | because the land can't move.
           | 
           | One way to tax the super rich is to tax loans against assets.
           | They don't sell assets to buy a yacht, but borrow against
           | them to avoid paying taxes and keep future gains. Tax those
           | loans as if they sold assets.
        
             | ElevenLathe wrote:
             | We're clearly throwing all pre-Trump orthodoxy out the
             | window at this point, so maybe we'll see PRC-style capital
             | controls, though with essentially no white collar crime
             | being prosecuted for the foreseeable future, enforcement
             | might be tough. OTOH the threat of being "deported" to El
             | Salvador can be a powerful motivator to stay in line.
        
         | no_wizard wrote:
         | I know there is a crowd that talks about debt alot and these
         | are all legitimate concerns
         | 
         | However they could also raise taxes on capital gains and top
         | end income brackets - which are at ludicrously low levels for
         | folks of significant wealth - which would go a very long way
         | here. Some estimates suggest it could put the US back in a
         | surplus quite quickly
         | 
         | edit: I'm saying there is an argument for raising taxes. I
         | don't think its off the table like some people suggest. I know
         | it may not be popular with some but we could discuss the
         | merits.
         | 
         | Cutting fundamental government services feels wrong too
        
           | generalpf wrote:
           | It's been argued a lot that such a move would cause a good
           | portion of American billionaires to just pack up and move to
           | another country. Rich people are mobile in a way that poor
           | people are not.
        
             | pjc50 wrote:
             | The US is unique in levying taxes on its nationals wherever
             | they are in the world.
             | 
             | Although you've just made an argument for capital controls.
             | We could call them "dollar export tariffs".
        
               | Yeul wrote:
               | Believe it or not but there are Americans who relinquish
               | their passport precisely because of this reason.
               | Patriotism is automatically assumed but we live in a
               | globalised world.
        
               | axus wrote:
               | That seems very likely, but I'd like the names of a few
               | billionaires to verify.
        
               | AlotOfReading wrote:
               | The US is fairly unique in imposing an "expatriation" tax
               | precisely to avoid this situation. The IRS taxes all of
               | their assets as if sold on the day before expatriation.
               | 
               | Of course collecting taxes internationally is difficult,
               | but anyone wealthy enough to meet the criteria will
               | probably need to visit the US at some point.
        
               | vincnetas wrote:
               | Did you know that US has tools to claim part of your
               | wealth even if you relinquishment the citizenship. Google
               | "exit tax" for us citizens.
               | 
               | The US exit tax is a tax on your worldwide assets. The
               | tax applies to all property that you own on the date of
               | renunciation
        
               | rcxdude wrote:
               | Most of the times I've heard of it happening it's someone
               | who's net worth is well below the threshold for this
               | (indeed well below the threshold where they actually need
               | to pay any income tax to the US government), but because
               | of the headache of needing to file the paperwork and the
               | fact that a lot of banks don't want to deal with US
               | citizens due to extra requirements imposed on them by the
               | US government (via its financial system).
        
               | amrocha wrote:
               | Maybe the reason you haven't heard about it is that you
               | don't know any billionaires?
               | 
               | That, and that the US is a tax haven for the super rich,
               | so they have no reason to leave.
        
               | Propelloni wrote:
               | The USA is not unique but member of a very exclusive
               | club. The other member is the enlightened dictatorship of
               | Eritrea. And, IIRC, Trump promised to abolish this
               | taxation during his campaign. I'm not holding my breath.
        
             | mk89 wrote:
             | Plus, if you do that you're a frigging communist. On the
             | other hand, it's so much better to call neighbors, allies
             | and everyone else people pillaging/raping the country.
             | People like drama :)
        
             | no_wizard wrote:
             | I don't think its that simple and is overly simplistic. If
             | it was all about getting a better deal why wouldn't they
             | have all left for Switzerland by now? Objectively, its a
             | better deal than what the US offers - even on tax rates.
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | Everyone has their own tipping point. Just as salary
               | isn't the only reason to move job, taxes aren't the only
               | reason to stay. But at some point, people move. And the
               | US makes you pay tax overseas anyway, so you can't just
               | move and re-domicile. You have to emigrate and gain
               | citizenship elsewhere.
        
               | amrocha wrote:
               | You still have to pay an exit tax if you give up
               | citizenship. The tax man gets his cut.
        
               | shagmin wrote:
               | Just within the US you could ask why wealthy people
               | aren't all moving to states without any income taxes more
               | frequently. Plenty do move to certain low tax states but
               | network effects, infrastructure, stability, well-
               | understood regulations, etc., seem to often play a bigger
               | role.
        
             | barbazoo wrote:
             | > Rich people are mobile in a way that poor people are not.
             | 
             | Yet it's poor people that you see migrating most.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | Poor people migrate. Rich people... just travel a lot.
        
             | neogodless wrote:
             | So where is the wealth of the rich stored?
             | 
             | Where does their income come from? (e.g. investment growth,
             | etc.)
             | 
             | Can't you basically tax their income, and quadruple that
             | tax if they move abroad and want to move their money out of
             | the U.S.?
             | 
             | (I'm guessing it's not easy, but I also guess the reason
             | it's not done is because the ultra rich have so much
             | influence on the politicians and tax code... not for
             | whatever other logistical reasons might exist.)
        
             | goatlover wrote:
             | Good riddance. They can go interfere with someone else's
             | government.
        
             | amrocha wrote:
             | Sure, they can leave, but if their companies want access to
             | the US market they have to pay taxes. Capital flight is a
             | red herring.
        
             | timacles wrote:
             | this argument is along the lines of "if theres global
             | warming why is it cold outside today"
             | 
             | The rich prosper precisely because they are in the US.
        
             | dumbledoren wrote:
             | If the billionaires pack up and move to another country,
             | then those who are willing to pay their due taxes and
             | operate with a lesser profit margin would take the place
             | they left in the market. There is no need to oblige
             | sociopathic profiteers because they threaten to leave.
             | 
             | And, where will they go, really? There are considerable
             | taxes in every country that billionaires would consider.
             | And if they choose to cram into some small island tax haven
             | in the Caribbean, the US can easily pressure that tax haven
             | to do anything it wants.
        
           | schnable wrote:
           | The problem is that raising top end rates don't go far
           | enough. It's a start, but we also need to raise the lower
           | rates to solve the problem. That, or dramatically cut
           | benefits.
        
             | no_wizard wrote:
             | I don't think broader tax increases are off the table
             | either, but we haven't even attempted to simply close up
             | the loopholes used by corporations and the ultra wealthy
             | and raise taxes in kind. Once that happens, I think its
             | fair to reassess what to do with any lingering problems of
             | raising revenue.
        
               | schnable wrote:
               | That isn't necessary, we know how much revenue that will
               | raise.
        
         | wat10000 wrote:
         | The flaw is that it's like setting your house on fire because
         | it's cold outside. It may well achieve your goal in the short
         | term, but it won't last, and it's just going to make things
         | much worse in the longer term.
        
           | robertlagrant wrote:
           | I don't think it's helpful to reply to a specific, well-
           | phrased question with a general analogy. _Why_ is it like
           | that?
           | 
           | It's like when the media would interview Robert de Niro on
           | Trump, and all he would say is variants of "Well, he's an
           | asshole!"
        
             | wat10000 wrote:
             | It is like that indeed. It should be apparent to anyone who
             | has listened to Trump that he is indeed a conplete asshole.
             | There shouldn't be any need to go into details.
             | 
             | Likewise, it should be apparent to anyone with a cursory
             | understanding of economics that tariffs are bad for the
             | economy, and imposing mindless tariffs on the entire world
             | is really bad for the economy. "Crash the economy to
             | address the national debt" is a bad plan.
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | > Likewise, it should be apparent to anyone with a
               | cursory understanding of economics
               | 
               | Can you explain why countries have tariffs if tariffs are
               | bad for their economies as a general principle? I'm
               | assuming you're not the standard sort who thinks Trump
               | invented tariffs.
        
               | wat10000 wrote:
               | Because people largely believe what they want to believe,
               | and people are flawed, especially politicians. Is that
               | sufficient or do I need to go into detail?
               | 
               | Trump didn't invent tariffs nor did he invent being an
               | idiotic leader enacting policies that hurt his country.
        
               | ipaddr wrote:
               | To protect local industries which create higher prices.
               | Smaller countries do this to protect jobs from economies
               | of scale but pay a price and have a lower standard of
               | living.
        
               | Marsymars wrote:
               | > Can you explain why countries have tariffs if tariffs
               | are bad for their economies as a general principle?
               | 
               | Primarily special interest groups. e.g. You have a
               | hundred people, everyone loses 1% of their salary due to
               | tariffs, but one person retains 90% of the tariffs and
               | the remaining 10% is lost. The net result is negative,
               | most people don't care much about the 1%, but the one
               | winner is vociferously against losing his entire income.
        
         | boringg wrote:
         | Many critical flaws. Your getting lost confusing the forest for
         | the trees.
         | 
         | For starters you are focusing on the % on the interest payments
         | which is a line item. However when all of your allies stop
         | buying your goods and services you run into bigger problems.
         | 
         | Bonus problem: If one of your internal metrics is that you want
         | to have a trade deficit but nobody to sell to because you have
         | created a hostile environment for trade.
        
           | locallost wrote:
           | Not all of your allies, EVERYBODY.
        
         | misja111 wrote:
         | The flaw is that the USD is massively dropping because of the
         | tarifs. This will push up interest rates on US bonds, because
         | bond holders want compensation for the value loss of their
         | bond.
        
           | lxgr wrote:
           | > The flaw is that the USD is massively dropping because of
           | the tarifs.
           | 
           | That's all but certain. Currently it's dropping, but long-
           | term it might as well rise, as the demand for foreign
           | currencies from US importers (and by extension consumers)
           | will go down.
           | 
           | > This will push up interest rates on US bonds, because bond
           | holders want compensation for the value loss of their bond.
           | 
           | How do existing bondholders get to demand anything? They may
           | want compensation for a reduced market value, but nobody owes
           | them that. Fluctuating market values are part of the deal of
           | buying bonds.
        
             | misja111 wrote:
             | Existing bondholders can't demand anything of course. But
             | the bond price is determined by buyers and sellers. With
             | dropping USD, buyers will pay a lower price for the bonds,
             | i.e. the yield will go up.
        
               | lxgr wrote:
               | Your model is missing the Fed, which can buy an almost
               | infinite number of bonds to bring the effective interest
               | rate down to whatever it wants.
        
         | alabastervlog wrote:
         | I don't see any way the actions we've _already seen_ haven 't
         | moved up drastic action on the US debt by at least a decade.
         | And it's only been a very-few months.
         | 
         | We were probably screwed when we cut taxes going into two
         | crushingly-expensive wars, and certainly were when we cut taxes
         | _again_ , but now we're rushing toward crisis instead of trying
         | to at least delay it.
        
         | tim333 wrote:
         | >The country is at risk of a debt spiral.
         | 
         | The US owes US dollars and can also issue US dollars. There are
         | complications but it's not like you run up a credit card and
         | can't pay.
        
           | greenavocado wrote:
           | Exactly. The Zimbabwe model
        
             | ben_w wrote:
             | Can totally happen when the people in charge are
             | economically illiterate and surrounded by sycophants or
             | crooks (I'm not sure which Mugabe was), demanding a wealth
             | transfer that can't be funded by the actual economy.
             | 
             | Inflation can also happen when production goes down, not
             | just when money supply goes up.
             | 
             | Now I don't claim to be an expert at economics, I'm just a
             | software nerd like most here and may be wrong so take with
             | a pinch of salt, but the things I've heard that are
             | associated with stagflation include de-globalisation and
             | supply chain shocks (e.g. a trade war with major partners),
             | tariffs, and shrinking labor force (aging population not
             | helped by a combination of low immigration and aggressive
             | deportation).
        
               | greenavocado wrote:
               | To even begin to understand Mugabe you have to understand
               | his very long and strong relationship with the Chinese
               | military and the reasons why they invested so heavily in
               | his posse.
        
           | TaurenHunter wrote:
           | Yes, but if they let get into a debt spiral, the only
           | solution becomes devaluation of the dollar to the point of
           | hyperinflation. Only then debt is reduced, but it would be
           | terrible for everybody except a few.
        
             | robertlagrant wrote:
             | Devaluing the dollar would do wonders for post-tariff
             | prices, and prop up exports.
             | 
             | I say it in jest, but I can't spot the problem with it
             | because I'm not an economist.
        
               | iTokio wrote:
               | Several issues:
               | 
               | - imports will become prohibitively expensive
               | 
               | - doing everything locally is less efficient
               | 
               | - the dollar will lose its world currency status
               | 
               | - then debt will become unsustainable
        
           | alabastervlog wrote:
           | Well the good news is that there are multiple plausible paths
           | forward.
           | 
           | The bad news is that they're all terrible.
        
             | tim333 wrote:
             | The usual not terrible, not great solution is to keep the
             | debt kind of constant and eventually it gets inflated away.
        
               | alabastervlog wrote:
               | We mostly abandoned the long-term viability of that in
               | the Bush years with the tax cuts plus expensive wars, and
               | doubled down in Trump's first term (more tax cuts). That
               | exhausted our margin for responsible emergency debt
               | spending, and we had two crises on top of it (as always
               | happens from time to time) so we were down to just
               | playing for time and hoping for a way to spread out the
               | pain rather than let it hit all at once.
               | 
               | We now do not appear to even be playing for time and are
               | rushing toward the "all at once" thing.
        
         | scotty79 wrote:
         | > Treasuries are considered safe during such crisis.
         | 
         | No. Not during such crisis. It's already visible in prices of
         | traditional safe havens (those based on US credibility) that
         | this crisis isn't like the others. They are dropping like
         | flies. Only gold remains.
        
         | nzealand wrote:
         | > the United States needs to manage its massive national debt,
         | 
         | > The present uncertainty around tariffs and a potential crisis
         | could create conditions that pressure interest rates downward
         | before those Treasury securities mature, by influencing Federal
         | Reserve policy.
         | 
         | > What are the flaws in this thinking?
         | 
         | Flaw #1:
         | 
         | Massive treasury rollovers isn't new.
         | 
         | 22% of all Treasuries have a duration of 1 year or less.
         | 
         | The only new thing is that rates have gone up.
         | 
         | Uncertainty is a short term solution to a long term problem.
         | 
         | Flaw #2:
         | 
         | Economic uncertainty and supply side shocks risks a recession.
         | 
         | Recessions usually increase national debt.
         | 
         | Flaw #3:
         | 
         | The right answer to reducing national debt is to ensure incomes
         | exceed outgoings.
         | 
         | The current administration is so focused on extending trillion
         | dollar tax cuts, no amount of tariffs or government efficiency
         | is going to lower the national debt.
         | 
         | Flaw #4:
         | 
         | Treasuries only really go down during a recession.
         | 
         | Recessions are bad, not good.
         | 
         | If you think finding a tech job is hard now, or that your RSUs
         | are hurting, wait until you see a serious recession.
        
           | leptoniscool wrote:
           | it's true.. the S&P 500 declined ~57% from Oct 2007 to Mar
           | 2009
        
         | lenerdenator wrote:
         | > I don't see anyone mentioning that the United States needs to
         | manage its massive national debt, currently in the trillions,
         | by issuing Treasury securities. These securities mature at
         | varying intervals and require continuous "rolling" or
         | refinancing to pay off old debt with new borrowing.
         | 
         | No one is mentioning this because no one cares, least of all
         | the guy who just signed massive tariffs.
         | 
         | What you're describing is the end result of 30-ish years of
         | Republicans implementing "Read my lips: no new taxes" and this
         | country refusing to have to a mature conversation about
         | revenues. Also, over that period, wages remained stagnant,
         | meaning more people look to the government for assistance,
         | which then costs money in the form of deficit spending. The
         | numerous expensive wars didn't help, either.
         | 
         | There's no good fix to this other than some serious revenue
         | raising through taxes on people who can afford it. Of course,
         | those people are of the opinion that they're entitled to net
         | worths that measure as a significant portion of a trillion
         | dollars, and will simply push the costs onto consumers in order
         | to maintain share prices since that's what most of the net
         | worth sits in.
         | 
         | You have to break those people of that idea. Talk of interest
         | rates, Treasury securities, Federal Reserve policy, it's all
         | just noise. The money going in must be a larger portion of the
         | money going out, and significantly burdening the average
         | American with more tax debt isn't going to solve the problem
         | before causing social upheaval.
        
         | svara wrote:
         | The trade deficit is balanced by USD flows, which are
         | ultimately reinvested with leverage into American capital
         | markets.
         | 
         | In many ways the US trade deficit combined with the USD reserve
         | currency status is thus what enables the high budget deficit in
         | the first place.
        
           | skeeter2020 wrote:
           | this SHOULD be really obvious to those in charge, but I think
           | is too subtle for them, or they're willfully ignoring it for
           | the "trade deficit" narrative. I don't see how the end result
           | is not a decline in the global role of the US and a whole
           | bunch of pain for everybody as this all unwinds. All for the
           | hubris of an old man...
        
         | ck2 wrote:
         | The F-35 jet will cost over $1.5 Trillion, doesn't work and
         | won't be used
         | 
         | Cancel it and stop making everyone's daily life absolute hell
         | by doubling the prices of groceries, car payments, etc. every
         | month
         | 
         | National Debt is not a problem for a country that will be
         | around for 1000+ years unless you know of something that is
         | going to greatly shorten that.
         | 
         | There are nearly 1,000 BILLIONAIRES in the US, the debt is
         | their problem, they can pay more taxes until it's down to a
         | number you like.
        
           | kacesensitive wrote:
           | A progressive wealth tax starting at 2% on net worth from $50
           | million to $250 million and increasing to 8% for wealth over
           | $10 billion is projected to raise $4.35 trillion over 10
           | years.
           | 
           | Seems like a great start to me.
           | 
           | Alas, I'll never understand people who make average wages
           | defending billionaire wealth hoarding.
        
           | ge96 wrote:
           | > doesn't work
           | 
           | I don't understand, they're being flown all over
        
           | dingaling wrote:
           | > The F-35 jet will cost over $1.5 Trillion, doesn't work and
           | won't be used
           | 
           | Over 1,100 of them have been built so far and they seem to be
           | working quite well.
        
           | mrguyorama wrote:
           | >The F-35 jet will cost over $1.5 Trillion, doesn't work and
           | won't be used
           | 
           | You've bought literal Russian propaganda hook, line, and
           | sinker.
           | 
           | The F35 is an incredible piece of technology.
           | 
           | Do you remember infamous articles saying it couldn't
           | dogfight? Not only were those stupid propaganda (you can't
           | dogfight at 100km engagement ranges), all the people
           | repeating them seemed to miss the comment by the older
           | aircraft pilot that the radar assisted gunsight on their gen
           | 4 fighter _could not track the F35!_ , not even at knife
           | fighting range. Go lookup how good gunnery was in WW2 if you
           | want to understand how hilariously bad that is for gen 4
           | fighters.
           | 
           | The F35 is pricey to run, $40k an hour, but _so was the F14_
           | , which is correctly understood to be a high tech
           | masterpiece, a _tech_ platform, and one of the best aircraft
           | ever made.
           | 
           | We've already built 1000s of them, and they are already being
           | used _today_. Israel 's attack on Iran that showed just how
           | impotent soviet era air defenses are was conducted with f35s.
           | 
           | "Israel used more than 100 aircraft, carrying fewer than 100
           | munitions, and with no aircraft getting within 100 miles of
           | the target in the first wave, and that took down nearly the
           | entirety of Iran's air-defense system,"
           | 
           | It's a very impressive machine, that everyone wants, and
           | China is really rushing to build something competitive.
           | 
           | >There are nearly 1,000 BILLIONAIRES in the US, the debt is
           | their problem, they can pay more taxes until it's down to a
           | number you like.
           | 
           | 150% correct. The USA is stupidly wealthy on the world stage.
           | We don't have to play pretend poverty, if we would tax the
           | people who have hoarded all that wealth.
        
             | ianburrell wrote:
             | Also, the now $2 trillion is the total program cost. It is
             | development, cost to buy 2500 aircraft at $80-120 million
             | each. Mostly, it is the maintenance cost for aircraft for
             | decades of future service. The program cost is spread out
             | over decades.
             | 
             | The important thing is that if the US wants to have air
             | forces, it needs fighters and needs to replace the current
             | ones. The F-35 is better and similar price to older
             | fighters so it is the best option to replace them.
        
           | aibot923 wrote:
           | The F-35 does work, and is deployed around the world right
           | now including the middle east for the recent houthi
           | operations.
           | 
           | National debt is absolutely a problem when interest payments
           | crowd out the rest of your budget. Interest payments
           | currently comprise about 17% of the budget, and this is set
           | to grow. Those can only be paid with taxes or inflation, both
           | of which hit joe taxpayer.
        
         | pyrale wrote:
         | > Increased demand for Treasuries pushes their prices up and
         | yields down, effectively lowering interest rates.
         | 
         | > What are the flaws in this thinking?
         | 
         | Not sure why international investors would want to buy more
         | t-bonds when the country issuing them is starting a trade war
         | and their money could effectively be locked abroad.
        
         | comte7092 wrote:
         | >Treasuries are considered safe during such crisis.
         | 
         | This isn't a law of nature. The behavior the admin is
         | displaying is exactly the type of thing that leads to your
         | statement not being true anymore.
        
         | jagjit wrote:
         | One thing I am not sure about is how much reluctance foreign
         | holders of US treasuries will have to buy more treasuries. My
         | guess is both foreign government and commercial holdings will
         | edge down quite a bit, even without any reciprocal activity.
         | Just because they will have reduced US reserves, and in effect
         | need for treasuries.
         | 
         | God knows what happens if reciprocal activity starts towards
         | using another currency also for global trade.
        
         | bhouston wrote:
         | Trump is a wildcard, but I could see the US defaulting on its
         | debt, probably in some way that focuses the default burden on
         | foreign countries holding US debt with some relief for domestic
         | holders. I would definitely not be holding it over the coming
         | few years.
        
         | niklasbuschmann wrote:
         | This is just delusional. Everybody is looking for some reason
         | that makes this less stupid than it looks, but there is none.
         | 
         | Intentionally causing a recession to lower the debt burden
         | makes no sense, neither politically nor economically. Besides
         | that the US is not some third world country that issues debt in
         | a currency they have no sovereignty over.
        
         | regularization wrote:
         | > The cost of servicing this debt -- paying interest rather
         | than reducing principal -- is already a major budget item,
         | surpassing Medicare, approaching Defense and Social Security
         | levels.
         | 
         | Military ("defense") expenditures are always understated. Over
         | $180 billion in veteran's benefits were paid last year. This is
         | not counted as military expenditures. Also the debt you talk
         | about is to not only pay for the money sent to Israel and the
         | Ukraine last year, but still for the adventures in Afghanistan,
         | Iraq etc. That just becomes generic debt in the skewed
         | analysis, alienated from its past military adventures. The
         | military budget is higher than stated.
        
         | partiallypro wrote:
         | Tax receipts drop during recessions, generally governments have
         | to issue even -more- debt during them.
        
         | hnthrowaway0315 wrote:
         | The key, IMHO, is to maintain the status quo of the USD as the
         | safe haven which also has the ability to destroy other safe
         | havens. As long as the USD is the primary safe have the amount
         | of debt is irrelevant.
        
         | DrNosferatu wrote:
         | >> The country is at risk of a debt spiral.
         | 
         | This is impossible by definition:
         | 
         | The U.S. dollar is the world's dominant reserve currency.
        
           | svachalek wrote:
           | And as history shows, printing money is a super fantastic way
           | to get out of debt spirals. [Narrator voice: No, it's not.]
        
             | DrNosferatu wrote:
             | The "printing money" quip misunderstands how modern
             | monetary systems operate. The Fed doesn't just "print
             | money" - it has only two real tools: buying and selling
             | assets, and raising/lowering interest rates.
        
         | tootie wrote:
         | Fed rate influences treasury rates, but it's not a direct
         | impact. If creditors lose faith in our fiscal situation, rates
         | will rise no matter what the Fed does.
        
         | mywittyname wrote:
         | > What are the flaws in this thinking?
         | 
         | That the national debt matters.
         | 
         | A) The Fed & Treasury have the ability to buy back the
         | securities at any time if they wanted, since they can basically
         | poof the currency into existence. And t-bonds are as good as
         | cash anyways, so that money is basically already in the
         | economy.
         | 
         | B) The country's national debt is also our citizens' savings
         | accounts. Every major company in the country (and the gov't
         | itself) holds an absurd amount of t-bonds because its the best
         | place to store billions of dollars for safe keeping. Paying off
         | the debt means this capital needs to go somewhere. Should it go
         | to China? The EU? Canada? American real estate?
         | 
         | The national debt is probably the most misunderstood concept in
         | the country. It's denominated in USD, unlike other countries,
         | whose debt is borrowed in currencies they don't control. And
         | "paying off" the national debt risks capital flight and/or
         | asset bubbles - both of which are detrimental to the economy.
         | 
         | The system we have in place is a good one.
         | 
         | Thought experiment: consider what would happen if the US
         | Treasury decided interest rates are negative. That is, you pay
         | $10,000 for a bond and receive back $9,900 after 10 years. What
         | do you think this would do to the economy?
         | 
         | Now ratchet up that negative rate to 100%, that is, you pay
         | $10k for a t-bond and eventually it's worth $0 after 10 years.
         | That's pretty much what paying off the national debt would do
         | (in fact, that's probably how the national debt would be paid
         | off, if ordered to do so, the fed would purchase these bonds
         | and the treasury would use the proceeds to buy existing bonds
         | off the open market). It's two sides to the same coin, but
         | instead of prohibiting the purchase of t-bonds, you just
         | disincentivize it.
        
           | jay_kyburz wrote:
           | All I know about this issue is what you wrote above, but it
           | sounds to me like the US taxpayer is paying interest on bonds
           | so that bond holders can earn interest.
           | 
           | I think its perfectly reasonable for the taxpayer to say they
           | would rather not pay interest on those loans. The bond holder
           | could lend the money somebody else instead.
           | 
           | In fact, I think its really unfair that one generation of
           | people can leave debt behind for future generations to pay
           | with higher taxes.
        
         | dughnut wrote:
         | I think what's happening backstage in this magic show are
         | desperate moves to recapitalize the country. Foreign and
         | domestic investors are pledging to spend trillions, probably
         | under duress. Stocks are being crashed to create a flight to
         | treasuries. Dollars are partially anchored to crypto by so-
         | called stable coins. Federal assets are getting dumped and
         | operating costs cut.
         | 
         | Maybe we will get out of this without having to survive on cat
         | food, but I'm not holding my breath.
        
       | lumb63 wrote:
       | Everyone is quick to deride this move as stupid. I don't disagree
       | that there are downsides to the approach, but there _is_ a set of
       | very real national problems that this might address.
       | 
       | For instance, globalization and offshoring of production has made
       | goods cheaper for consumers, but what about the former domestic
       | producers who could not compete, and do not have the skills or
       | capital to find a new job which pays as well? Increased foreign
       | competition pulls down domestic wages; telling people that they
       | should shut up and be okay with that because they can get cheaper
       | goods isn't palatable to a lot of people facing the negatives of
       | globalization. Globalization has played a big role in creating
       | the massive income inequality in our country; it seems like we
       | should fix that.
       | 
       | There really are structural challenges to onshoring production
       | due to strength of the dollar due to its reserve currency status;
       | our society as such is biased heavily toward importing goods
       | rather than exporting goods. This is a real challenge that needs
       | to be addressed as well.
       | 
       | Our national debt is not sustainable either. Either we pay it
       | down some, or we inflate it away; these are the two ways it goes
       | away, ignoring the option of a world-shattering default on the
       | debt. Tariffs accomplish both of those, raising money at the same
       | time as raising cost of goods and weakening the dollar.
       | 
       | So, to anyone who disagrees with these measures, but agrees that
       | these are issues we ought to solve, what would you propose?
        
         | Ragnarork wrote:
         | According to the Bureau of Labor statistics, there are 7
         | million unemployed in the U.S. currently.
         | 
         | I don't know how you expect these to cover for all the
         | manufacturing you imply might come back to the U.S. with these
         | tariffs, and that's assuming the space and the production means
         | (factories, etc.) are here already. They aren't, and not for a
         | couple years.
         | 
         | Combined to the fact that the U.S. is clearly sending a signal
         | that coming there is dangerous now, especially for any other
         | category than white males, and I don't see how you can even
         | imagine that this situation is going to be working out.
        
         | yodsanklai wrote:
         | Progressive taxation, better public services, universal
         | healthcare, free education for all
        
           | megaman821 wrote:
           | Doesn't the US already have the most progressive tax system
           | in the world? If you want more public services the tax rate
           | would need to increase at all levels but dramatically so at
           | the middle to low end.
        
             | kacesensitive wrote:
             | No.
             | 
             | The U.S. tax system is less progressive than those in many
             | other industrialized nations. European countries like
             | Denmark and France have higher top marginal tax rates
             | (above 50%), while the U.S. top federal rate is
             | significantly lower. Additionally, U.S. taxes and transfers
             | do less to reduce income inequality compared to peer
             | countries.
        
               | megaman821 wrote:
               | That is not what progressive means. The US doesn't have
               | the highest marginal tax rate but a greater share of
               | taxes are paid by high-income earners than others on a
               | per dollar basis.
               | 
               | Raising rates on soley the rich will make the tax system
               | even more progressive but will probably not make public
               | service much more generous. Raising the tax rates on
               | everyone would probably make the tax system less
               | progressive but might actually fund a large increase in
               | public spending.
        
               | kacesensitive wrote:
               | You're right that "progressive" technically refers to how
               | tax burdens increase with income, and by that measure,
               | the U.S. looks progressive because high earners pay a
               | large share. But that doesn't mean the system is actually
               | effective at reducing inequality.
               | 
               | What matters is outcomes, and the U.S. system--compared
               | to other developed nations--does far less to redistribute
               | wealth or fund robust public services. Other countries
               | raise more revenue overall (often through broader-based
               | taxes like VAT), and they spend it more equitably. So
               | yes, technically progressive--but practically
               | insufficient.
        
             | Marsymars wrote:
             | > Doesn't the US already have the most progressive tax
             | system in the world?
             | 
             | It's arguable, but it's safe to say that it's one of the
             | most progressive among development countries, but that's in
             | large part a function of the comparative inequality and low
             | tax rates to start.
             | 
             | > If you want more public services the tax rate would need
             | to increase at all levels but dramatically so at the middle
             | to low end.
             | 
             | Yeah, but the net effect can be an improvement in terms of
             | inequality. See e.g. https://www.cbpp.org/research/what-do-
             | oecd-data-really-show-...
             | 
             | "As a result, the latest OECD data show that while the
             | United States has the tenth-highest level of income
             | inequality of the 31 OECD countries examined before
             | considering taxes and transfers, it has the fourth-highest
             | level of inequality after considering them."
             | 
             | "As the OECD report notes, if two countries have identical
             | tax schedules that include graduated marginal rates, the
             | tax system will have a more progressive impact in the
             | country with higher pre-tax inequality, because a larger
             | share of that country's income will be taxed at the top
             | rates."
             | 
             | "Because of their comparatively small size and below-
             | average progressivity, U.S. cash transfers do less to
             | reduce inequality in household cash incomes than those in
             | any other OECD country except Korea"
        
         | rawgabbit wrote:
         | I agree with the goal. I disagree with the execution.
         | 
         | First, from the outside looking in, it appears these tariffs
         | were implemented in an adhoc basis which disrupt supply chains
         | potentially bankrupting companies and result in more layoffs in
         | the short term.
         | 
         | Second, there should be a carve-out on tariff policy to respond
         | to national security interests. e.g., if and when the US wants
         | Ukraine to rebuild its fledgling export economy, the US should
         | set the tariff on Ukraine's products to zero as it is in the
         | US' interests that Ukraine is financially strong. Similarly,
         | the US should use tariffs to protect industries it deems
         | strategic such as manufacturing advanced computer chips.
         | 
         | In other words, instead of using a purely political process to
         | set tariff policy, I would argue tariffs should be managed by
         | an impartial semi-independent agency such as the Federal
         | Reserve. The governors of such a tariff agency should be tasked
         | with the goals of advancing long term US interests,
         | economically, employment-wise, and national security interests.
        
           | stevenwoo wrote:
           | The Trump administration set the Russia tariff to zero, and
           | we do still import stuff from Russia in spite of all the
           | sanctions and set the blanket ten percent rate on Ukraine as
           | you write. Maybe this is simply the current administration's
           | national security interest.
        
             | kristjansson wrote:
             | There's only one nation's security interest that are
             | advanced by an emboldened Russia.
        
               | stevenwoo wrote:
               | Most of Tulsi Gabbard's professed foreign policy beliefs
               | prior to being added to this administration echoed
               | Russian state policy, she called it being independent.
               | Tim Pool was just added to White House press pool, he
               | claims he was _fooled_ into repeating information
               | provided by Russia state media, after it was revealed
               | they paid millions to him to do so. There is an awful lot
               | of smoke here.
        
         | cloverich wrote:
         | > Globalization has played a big role in creating the massive
         | income inequality in our country; it seems like we should fix
         | that.
         | 
         | Wouldn't restoring the prior taxes to those with highest
         | incomes, and adding a proper capital gains tax, address this
         | directly? As I've started to accumulate small amounts of wealth
         | I've realized, my capital gains are taxed lower than my income;
         | when I sell my house, I get up to 500k of gains tax free. If I
         | backdoor a Roth IRA, I get tax free gains there too. etc. Add
         | additional taxes to investment properties, in the form of
         | property taxes could be one approach as well - I personally
         | know of one investor that owns at least 20 (SFH) properties for
         | example. So I'd propose starting there, as it targets both the
         | wealth gap as well as hits those who can most afford it
         | directly.
         | 
         | > Tariffs accomplish both of those, raising money at the same
         | time as raising cost of goods and weakening the dollar.
         | 
         | If tariffs significantly reduce demand, or worse cause a
         | recession, they will have the opposite effect. It would take
         | time to sort out the full impact. But AFAIK, the tax cuts are
         | proposed to be pushed through immediately, without firm
         | corresponding spending reductions nor time to sort out the
         | impact of the tariffs; similarly the tariffs are being
         | implemented in what seems like a haphazard way, with everyone
         | unsure of what they would / will be, how much, etc.
         | 
         | In general, I think if the plan were modest tax increases, esp.
         | around capital gains policy and targeting SFH as investments,
         | (very) modest tariffs, and well executed spending cuts, nobody
         | would be in uproar. I will be pleasantly surprised if the
         | current plan ends well, but it certainly feels as though only
         | those steeped deeply in ideology are supportive of them at the
         | present moment, and I think that is probably telling.
        
           | bluedino wrote:
           | You can tax whoever you want as much as you want but the
           | problem is the industries from the past are no longer in this
           | country.
        
             | greenavocado wrote:
             | This was actually the real cause of the collapse of
             | Zimbabwe. The tax base disappeared. People think it's just
             | because they printed into oblivion but that's not the full
             | picture.
        
             | TehCorwiz wrote:
             | No, but we have new ones.
        
             | flakespancakes wrote:
             | Sure, but the industries of the future arguably are. At
             | least for now.
             | 
             | It's not like money isn't being made in the US today.
        
               | vuln wrote:
               | Regulations kill any and all profit on physical goods
               | made in the US. It was more important to lift China out
               | of poverty (Communism), kill a whole class worth of jobs
               | and enact regulations to stifle any innovation because
               | it's okay if China pollutes, just not the US. It's okay
               | to buy goods from mega polluter China shipped on boats
               | running on crude oil, instead of supporting Americans and
               | American companies.
        
               | fransje26 wrote:
               | As you are about to find out with a president who is busy
               | removing as many regulations as possible,
               | consumer/worker/health/environment-protecting regulations
               | are _not_ the reason why physical goods are not made in
               | the US anymore.
        
               | tim333 wrote:
               | Manufacturing in the US had been shooting up
               | 
               | >Manufacturing output in the United States is at an all-
               | time high as of 2023 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manufa
               | cturing_in_the_United_St...
        
             | bayarearefugee wrote:
             | The vast majority of industries from the past are now
             | highly automated and would be made even more so if the
             | alternative were paying US-scale living wages to the
             | employees.
             | 
             | So you bring the factories back to the US, but 95% of the
             | created jobs are for robots.
             | 
             | Problem solved...?
        
               | tianreyma wrote:
               | 100% this, in 2010 I briefly worked for a company that
               | built assembly lines in the US and number one requirement
               | for every client was reducing the number of workers
               | needed. Almost every project going at the time reduced
               | the number of workers by 80%+ and I imagine it's only
               | become more automated since then.
        
             | naijaboiler wrote:
             | in 1800, 95% of American were farmers in 1900, some 65% of
             | Americans were farmers in 2020, it's down to like 5%.
             | 
             | My point is some industries just die. And its okay. The
             | solution is not to go backwards, but tax the winners of the
             | change to subsidize and retrain the people who lost.
             | 
             | But in America, the extreme winners have convinced the rest
             | of us that we shouldn't tax them, and Trump is now asking
             | us to instead tax everyone more
        
               | aiisjustanif wrote:
               | Caveat
               | 
               | > and Trump is now asking us to instead tax everyone more
               | 
               | Trump is now demanding to instead tax US residents more
               | indirectly
        
               | palmotea wrote:
               | > in 1800, 95% of American were farmers in 1900, some 65%
               | of Americans were farmers in 2020, it's down to like 5%.
               | 
               | > My point is some industries just die. And its okay.
               | 
               | You've got your example dead wrong. American farming
               | didn't "just die," _it got insanely more productive._
               | 
               | And a lot of the industries people _want back_ didn 't
               | "just die," they just _got moved_ so the  "extreme
               | winners" could profit off them even more. And then those
               | same winners and their defenders always go "herp derp,
               | industries gone, nothing we can do! Don't fight it, just
               | repeat: gone foreverrrr."
        
           | kortilla wrote:
           | No, tax increases will not create better jobs to backfill the
           | ones moved overseas by globalization.
        
             | alpha_squared wrote:
             | What _better_ jobs do you anticipate will be created?
        
               | SpaceNoodled wrote:
               | None, as they said.
        
             | cloverich wrote:
             | The tax increase wouldnt be used to create better jobs,
             | they would be used bolster social welfare and reduce the
             | national debt, at the expense of wealth generation in the
             | upper class.
             | 
             | The primary benefit of the approach is that the pre-tarrif
             | economy is strong, health care, high prices, and very high
             | SFH prices are the primary ways people are hurting. Modest
             | taxes as noted above address 2/3 without upending the
             | economy in the process.
             | 
             | Prices wont come down, but unlike the tarrif plan they also
             | wont go up so... seems like a better option at least to my
             | relatively uninformed brain.
        
               | mjevans wrote:
               | Increased taxes (on the wealthy) could also be used, not
               | just to pay down debts, but to start new programs like
               | expanding domestic production, back loans for small
               | businesses and house construction. Heck even just 'new
               | new deal' style jobs that build infrastructure.
               | 
               | Though I am partial to using new revenue to increase
               | competition (new startups) in weakly competitive markets.
               | That's the most effective way of increasing supply, and
               | choice, and letting a market function.
        
           | ccorcos wrote:
           | Thomas Sowell makes a good argument that the government does
           | a terrible job at redistributing wealth to lift the poor,
           | based on their track record. And so taxing the rich more
           | doesnt actually solve that problem -- it just makes
           | politicians and their friends richer.
           | 
           | Also when talking about tariffs reducing demand and inflating
           | prices, I think it's important to note that's partly true. It
           | doesn't raise prices of domestic goods and actually increases
           | demand for domestic goods.
        
             | no_wizard wrote:
             | He's one economist from a very conservative line of
             | thinking.
             | 
             | As a counter example, Thomas Piketty argues at length that
             | taxation and wealth redistribution remain an effective way
             | to bolster a societies resilience and lessen wealth
             | inequality - which is still a very real issue in the world,
             | and arguably one that the US shows can have very real
             | negative consequences for letting it go unaddressed.
             | 
             | As for demand and inflating prices, yeah, domestic products
             | may be more attractive, but the economy is huge, and much
             | of it does not have a domestic allegory. The other issue
             | here is the tax is on _all_ imports, not only manufactured
             | goods, which means raw materials - which often have to be
             | sourced elsewhere - make manufacturing more expensive even
             | domestically
        
               | ericmay wrote:
               | Maybe we should raise tariffs _and_ raise taxes on the
               | wealthy? Does it have to be framed as an either-or?
               | 
               | > and much of it does not have a domestic allegory
               | 
               | Well some would argue that's the problem. Maybe now we
               | will? Idk.
        
               | no_wizard wrote:
               | The way its being framed in the public - and often in
               | discussions even in this Hacker News comments section -
               | is its an alternative to raising other taxes. Trump is
               | selling it that way, along with simultaneous tax cuts he
               | wants to either extend or implement, which goes to show
               | the tariffs are not some way of addressing the national
               | debt concerns either.
               | 
               | While nothing does, the actual discussion around it isn't
               | allowing any room for non-tariff tax increases
               | regardless.
        
               | ericmay wrote:
               | I agree with your point about how the discussion is
               | framed. To add to where it should be framed, in my mind,
               | you can toss in cost cutting at the federal government in
               | there as well.
               | 
               | Neither tariffs nor cost cutting, unless it targets major
               | programs such as Social Security or Medicaid, will have
               | an effect on the national debt or the deficit.
               | 
               | It's all marketing.
        
               | no_wizard wrote:
               | Cost cutting always enters the equation, because somehow
               | its better to eliminate benefits. Why not reform the
               | programs? There is actually ample room for this,
               | particularly with Social Security. Why not raise revenue
               | via land value taxes, closing tax loopholes and other
               | less and/or non regressive means?
               | 
               | The social safety net in this country is already
               | terrible, making it more terrible by cutting the programs
               | won't be better for anyone except a slice of the wealthy
        
               | Domenic_S wrote:
               | > _taxation and wealth redistribution remain an effective
               | way to bolster a societies resilience_
               | 
               | Tangentially:
               | 
               | It's wild how inconsistent the public and political
               | reactions are to different ways of getting revenue. Take
               | this common pattern:
               | 
               | When DOGE identifies billions of dollars in waste, fraud,
               | or unnecessary spending, the reaction is often: "That's
               | only 0.01% of the federal budget. It's nothing!"
               | 
               | But when someone proposes a tax on billionaires that
               | would over time raise a similar amount suddenly the
               | reaction flips: "We'll solve inequality! Fund
               | healthcare!"
               | 
               | This contradiction is everywhere. How can $20 billion in
               | government savings be "nothing," while $20 billion in new
               | tax revenue is "transformational"? It's the same money.
        
               | Capricorn2481 wrote:
               | I don't know who these people are that you're talking
               | about, who only propose taxes on billionaires and not the
               | rest of the upper class, or who have compared those two
               | numbers and seen they are different. I would imagine
               | you're talking about two different groups with different
               | figures.
               | 
               | Regardless, "taxing the rich" is not one mediocre policy,
               | but several interdependent policies. It's not just
               | picking the 5 richest people in the world and taking
               | their money. The transformation doesn't come from
               | redistributing $20 billion (wherever that figure is from)
               | but encouraging executives to reinvest into their company
               | instead of trying to suck as much cash out as possible.
               | 
               | Bobby Kotick making $155 million a year while Activison
               | lays off hundreds of employees is insane. What on God's
               | earth could you possibly need more than $20 million a
               | year for? That is not right no matter you slice it. That
               | money needs to be aggressively taxed so it is instead
               | used to keep people employed at a much lower tax rate,
               | not in the hopes that the government can use it for
               | spending.
        
               | freejazz wrote:
               | No one is suggesting only taxing billionaires to the tune
               | of netting solely an additional $1B, that seems farcical.
        
               | plasmatix wrote:
               | I don't think anyone would scoff and the discovery and
               | elimination of waste or fraud. I think the vibe you're
               | describing is doubt that these supposed billions in
               | waste/fraud/abuse live up to the hype.
               | 
               | Surely there's plenty of waste in federal spending but I
               | suspect the vast majority is not going to be blatant and
               | easy to identify
        
               | Domenic_S wrote:
               | NPR did in their February article about DOGE; their story
               | is ostensibly that out of everything claimed, NPR could
               | verify "only" $2B in cuts which they present as
               | meaningless:
               | 
               | > NPR's analysis found that, of its verifiable work
               | completed so far, DOGE has cut just $2 billion in
               | spending -- less than three hundredths of a percent of
               | last fiscal year's federal spending.
               | 
               | > "Think of Congress and its budget as the debt-ridden
               | dad on the way to buy a $250,000 Ferrari on the credit
               | card, and DOGE is the $2 off gas card he used along the
               | way," Riedl said. "It's great that he saved $2 on gas,
               | but I think his wife may be more concerned about the
               | $250,000 car."
               | 
               | https://www.npr.org/2025/02/19/nx-s1-5302705/doge-
               | overstates...
        
               | no_wizard wrote:
               | >When DOGE identifies billions of dollars in waste,
               | fraud, or unnecessary spending, the reaction is often
               | 
               | Did DOGE actually identify significant levels of any of
               | this or is it simply labeled that for the expedited
               | purpose of shrinking the federal government's
               | effectiveness by any means possible?
               | 
               | They've been far less than transparent with the data that
               | supports their findings and have been called out numerous
               | times for misrepresentation[0][1][2][3] and lack of
               | transparency which took a lawsuit to at least partially
               | recitify[4]
               | 
               | [0]: https://www.npr.org/2025/02/19/nx-s1-5302705/doge-
               | overstates...
               | 
               | [1]: https://www.npr.org/2025/03/01/nx-s1-5313853/doge-
               | savings-re...
               | 
               | [2]:
               | https://www.forbes.com/sites/conormurray/2025/02/19/here-
               | are...
               | 
               | [3]: https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/doge/doge-days-
               | musk-trump-t...
               | 
               | [4]: https://www.theguardian.com/us-
               | news/2025/mar/11/judge-orders...
        
               | ccorcos wrote:
               | I asked ChatGPT to explain the arguments of Sowell and
               | Piketty.
               | 
               | https://chatgpt.com/share/67eebae2-df3c-800b-aba9-6e36c04
               | 810...
               | 
               | I liked Sowell's book, "Wealth, Poverty and Politics".
               | Can you recommend one of Piketty's books?
               | 
               | > raw materials - which often have to be sourced
               | elsewhere
               | 
               | Is that necessarily true? The US has abundant natural
               | resources. Tesla could be mining lithium a few hundred
               | miles away from their factory instead of importing it...
        
               | no_wizard wrote:
               | >I liked Sowell's book, "Wealth, Poverty and Politics".
               | Can you recommend one of Piketty's books?
               | 
               | I'd say start with _Capital in the Twenty-First Century_
               | by Thomas Piketty. Its a great read, if a bit thick (its
               | a very large tome indeed and very information dense)
               | 
               | >Is that necessarily true? The US has abundant natural
               | resources. Tesla could be mining lithium a few hundred
               | miles away from their factory instead of importing it...
               | 
               | Its about access, cost, amount, etc. One company getting
               | lithium is a rounding error. The entire market for
               | lithium is bigger than Tesla and even electric cars. Then
               | there is the entire question of how fast you can get the
               | lithium online. Its not like most (if any) of the
               | businesses reliant on lithium - which again, more than
               | just auto makers certainly - take in raw lithium and
               | produce something with it. It is typically pre-processed
               | depending on its use. So that needs to come online too.
               | Also, is there enough of the US workforce that can get
               | this material online quickly? We're talking _years_
               | before something comes online in sufficient quantity to
               | be meaningful, let alone replace other sources.
               | 
               | Then you have to ask how much of the given resource do we
               | even have? Whats the quality? Not all lithium deposits
               | are the same, after all.
               | 
               | And many more questions I am not likely thinking about,
               | and this is only in regard to lithium. Think about the
               | raw materials for everything in our lives - gold, silver,
               | uranium, iron etc. and you'll find in more cases than not
               | its simply unfeasible to start mining & processing it in
               | the US, you _will_ have to import it.
               | 
               | Your idea of what this takes is, frankly, a bit too
               | simplistic to be realistic or useful until it answers all
               | of these kinds of questions.
        
               | dismalaf wrote:
               | Remember when Piketty advised the government of Francois
               | Hollande? They enacted the wealth tax and there was
               | simply a ton of capital flight and nothing was fixed?
               | Leading to Macron winning the elections and enacting a
               | ton of conservative policies and leading to pretty decent
               | economic growth...
        
               | Capricorn2481 wrote:
               | That's not quite what happened, was it?
               | 
               | First off, capital flight is not a good argument against
               | high wealth taxes, it's an argument for more controls to
               | prevent people from doing this, so they are forced to
               | reinvest in business.
               | 
               | The wealth tax was in for a meager 2 years, and the
               | richest in the country started calling it "anti-business"
               | even though they were transparently refusing to reinvest
               | that money in their company. Anti-business is shorthand
               | for "We can't hire the 1 high-earner executive we want to
               | play golf with instead of the 100 lower level employees
               | that would actually help the economy."
               | 
               | Instead, they kept THEIR salaries and ate that tax cost,
               | and told their employees they would suffer during these
               | times. It was a coordinated effort to discredit something
               | that was meant to create more jobs. Much like when Saudi
               | Arabia artificially restricted oil until after the 2020
               | election. And the administration had no controls on this.
               | 
               | So yes, high taxes on the rich by themselves are
               | worthless, but that doesn't mean those policies coupled
               | with tighter controls aren't essential for wealth
               | inequality.
               | 
               | Of course, conservative news is going to talk about this
               | in the context of debt, and claim because the amount
               | raised did not match the debt (moronic) that it was
               | clearly a bad idea to tax the rich, when the real
               | takeaway is there needs to be more controls and a bigger
               | spotlight on how these scumbags jerk the system around.
               | At the end of the day, they are trying to keep their
               | yachts and their massive, unnecessary mortgages, and will
               | fight tooth and nail to do so, and anyone falling for
               | news stories about "oh it didn't work in 2 years, my boss
               | said I was going to take a salary cut" is helping that
               | agenda and nothing else.
        
               | no_wizard wrote:
               | As I recall, Hollande decided to ignore all the advice
               | around him[0]
               | 
               | >Mr Piketty's second criticism touches on Mr Hollande's
               | tax policy. For years the French economist has argued for
               | a more progressive tax system, which would merge both
               | income tax, currently paid by only half of French
               | households, and the "contribution sociale generalisee", a
               | non-progressive social charge paid by all. This too was
               | one of Mr Hollande's campaign promises. Yet the president
               | has shelved any plans to overhaul the tax structure,
               | preferring instead simply to increase taxes on the
               | middle-classes and the rich.
               | 
               | [0]:
               | https://www.economist.com/europe/2015/01/02/pikettys-snub
        
             | skyyler wrote:
             | >It doesn't raise prices of domestic goods and actually
             | increases demand for domestic goods.
             | 
             | Have you ever tried to purchase electronics in Brazil? I
             | don't know if that increased demand for domestic goods is
             | necessarily a good thing...
        
               | ccorcos wrote:
               | Yeah, I think all of the arguments made for and against
               | tariffs are only partly true depending on the context.
               | 
               | Interestingly, Lua came out of Brazil for these
               | reasons...
        
             | vmilner wrote:
             | It's hard to see tariffs on steel (say) not raising wider
             | domestic prices. Any domestic industry using steel (car
             | making, house building etc) presumably now has to pay more
             | for its steel which feeds through to consumer prices. You
             | might increase the number of steel worker jobs but at a
             | hidden wider cost to the wider US economy.
        
               | SpaceNoodled wrote:
               | US homes tend to be built with lumber, not steel.
        
               | skyyler wrote:
               | What do you think holds the lumber together?
               | 
               | US homes tend not to be built with Japanese techniques.
        
               | Domenic_S wrote:
               | We already have Section 232 tariffs on steel and aluminum
               | imports, and have since March 2018. These new tariffs
               | exclude steel (since we tariff it already).
        
               | vmilner wrote:
               | However, the widely used tariff exemptions available to
               | US steel consumers who could claim difficulties sourcing
               | cheap steel are now being closed.
        
             | thuanao wrote:
             | Sowell would be against tariffs, he's a free market
             | fundamentalist.
             | 
             | As usual, libertarianism is used as a justification for
             | corporate fascism, mercantilism, taxes on the poor...
             | basically the Republican agenda. Funny how that works.
        
             | cpeterso wrote:
             | > It doesn't raise prices of domestic goods and actually
             | increases demand for domestic goods.
             | 
             | But domestic producers will surely increase their prices to
             | match their foreign competitors' tariffed prices.
        
               | ccorcos wrote:
               | Not necessarily, if there's adequate competition and no
               | collusion. I think of Costco's Kirkland products which
               | have a capped profit margin, for example.
        
               | Zamaamiro wrote:
               | Protectionism stifles competition.
        
             | myrmidon wrote:
             | > Thomas Sowell makes a good argument that the government
             | does a terrible job at redistributing wealth to lift the
             | poor, based on their track record. And so taxing the rich
             | more doesnt actually solve that problem -- it just makes
             | politicians and their friends richer.
             | 
             | That is the most harebrained argument I've ever heard. If
             | politicians are "bad at taxing rich people", maybe the
             | solution could be electing people that actually share the
             | average citizens perspective and attempt to do this more
             | effectively (like Sanders or Tim Walz), instead of
             | billionaire nepo babies that spend half their career on a
             | golf course?
             | 
             | I mean if I was a billionaire, making policy for
             | billionairs, got paid by other billionairs and had working
             | class people still elect me, I most certainly would not try
             | to tax rich people harder, either...
             | 
             | > I think it's important to note that's partly true. It
             | doesn't raise prices of domestic goods and actually
             | increases demand for domestic goods.
             | 
             | Increased demand for domestic goods means increased price
             | for those. And actually increasing domestic supply affects
             | other sectors, too, driving up costs all over the board (=>
             | see baumol effect)-- there is no large unemployed workforce
             | to throw at manufacturing without driving up costs in the
             | places that worked in, before.
        
             | barbazoo wrote:
             | > And so taxing the rich more doesnt actually solve that
             | problem -- it just makes politicians and their friends
             | richer
             | 
             | How are those things related? Are poor people bribing
             | politicians to increase taxes?
        
               | Domenic_S wrote:
               | The argument is that increasing government revenue
               | doesn't automatically mean We the People benefit; it
               | usually means more pork and other ways of funneling money
               | to benefit the people with the power to funnel it.
        
               | ccorcos wrote:
               | Exactly. Sowell lists many examples too in his book
               | "Visions of the Annointed".
        
             | sn9 wrote:
             | And? Ask Sowell if he prefers progressive taxation and
             | welfare or rapid spikes in tariffs sparking a global trade
             | war.
             | 
             | (He actually was interviewed yesterday and he was very much
             | not a fan of the tariffs.)
        
           | colordrops wrote:
           | It is absolutely wild to me that money gained from letting it
           | sit is taxed less than money gained from working your ass
           | off. A crime against the working class.
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | The system wasn't named "capitalism" because it
             | systematically favors the _working_ class, I mean, what do
             | you expect?
        
               | colordrops wrote:
               | Where in the US constitution is capitalism mentioned?
        
               | thfuran wrote:
               | What's your point? The tax code isn't in the constitution
               | either.
        
             | tim333 wrote:
             | The working class have property and stocks too and don't
             | want them taxed stupidly.
        
               | SteveNuts wrote:
               | That's the entire reason why income tax is progressive,
               | and there's no reason that couldn't be applied to any
               | other implemented tax including capital gains.
        
               | arbitrary_name wrote:
               | Yes, but far less. We can have tax free thresholds, you
               | know. Like the capital gains exemption for sale if a
               | house.
               | 
               | Any working class person against higher and broader
               | capital gains taxes is not thinking very deeply, in my
               | opinion.
        
               | Domenic_S wrote:
               | Hard disagree. Compared to the OECD average, we collect
               | _almost double_ in personal tax revenue as a proportion
               | of total tax revenue. What 's more, historically personal
               | tax revenue as a % of GDP stays roughly the same -
               | _regardless of active tax rates_.
               | 
               | Where we fall dreadfully short compared to other
               | countries is _corporate tax revenue_. In 2021, corporate
               | income tax revenue in the U.S. was 1.6% of GDP, compared
               | to the OECD average of 3.2%
        
               | colordrops wrote:
               | It's messed up from first principles - hard work should
               | be valued as a society over investment gains, and
               | reflected at the individual level in take home income.
               | Obtuse measures and comparative aggregates are
               | irrelevant.
        
           | timewizard wrote:
           | You need to enforce monopoly laws, and more important than
           | individual tax rates, you need to get the tax base spread out
           | correctly again.
           | 
           | 1950: 25% tax revenue came from personal income. 25% from
           | social security. 25% from businesses. 25% from excise taxes.
           | 
           | Today: 50% tax revenue from personal income. 35% from social
           | security. 7% from business. 7% from excise taxes.
           | 
           | This problem is never understood.
        
         | corry wrote:
         | There are two different questions here: (1) is Trump's strategy
         | a good one to accomplish his goals? and (2) what are other good
         | ideas to do so?
         | 
         | Just because there aren't many ideas in bucket #2 doesn't mean
         | you should do #1.
         | 
         | For a trivial example, consider steel and aluminum tariffs
         | (Larry Summers gave this example on Bloomberg yesterday):
         | 
         | There are 60x more jobs in industries that rely on
         | steel/aluminum inputs than there are in the US steel/aluminium
         | producers. 60x!
         | 
         | Steel/aluminum tariffs increase the cost of inputs to the
         | companies that employ those 60x more people; their businesses
         | suffer; those jobs are more at risk.
         | 
         | Meanwhile, it will take a decade for steel/aluminum production
         | to be fully done within the US, and even then it will be a
         | higher cost (i.e. the reason the US imports a big share of
         | aluminium from Canada is that Canada uses cheap hydro energy to
         | produce it - something that the US can't do).
         | 
         | Through that decade, every single item that uses imported
         | steel/aluminum as an input will be more expensive for average
         | Americans.
         | 
         | So you risk 60x the jobs, for a slow and ultimately non-
         | competitive local industry rebuild, and meanwhile average
         | Americans pay higher costs.
         | 
         | Now multiply that across every category of good in the economy?
         | 
         | #1 is bad. I don't have a great idea for #2, but #1 is bad.
        
           | cryptonector wrote:
           | Look at it from Trump's perspective for a moment. The only
           | tool he has is tariffs, and the people he's negotiating with
           | are not just foreign governments but also Congress. Because
           | he has this authority he can use it to try to bring any of
           | those to the table and negotiate alternative approaches. Not
           | saying that's what he's doing. Just saying that's a
           | possibility.
        
             | kristjansson wrote:
             | He's got the entire congress! He's got the entire universe
             | of industrial policy to advance whatever domestic
             | improvements he wants to pursue. Clearly they even have the
             | political capital and appetite to do a massive tax
             | increase!
        
               | cryptonector wrote:
               | The Republicans in Congress don't all want the same
               | things, and they have very narrow majorities, so yes, he
               | does have to negotiate with them.
        
               | rat87 wrote:
               | Actually doing positive things is hard. Good presidents
               | like Biden can pass stuff like IRA.
               | 
               | Wrecking shit when you don't care much about who suffers
               | is much easier
        
               | cryptonector wrote:
               | The tone of discourse on HN has gotten quite negative
               | lately. It can be possible for Trump to believe that what
               | he's doing is good even if what he's doing proves bad. He
               | seems sincere in thinking that yesterday's tariffs will
               | do good for the U.S. Who knows, tariffs might yet do good
               | (or not), and Democrats used to advocate roughly the same
               | thing:                 - Bernie, 2008:
               | https://x.com/mazemoore/status/1907883583228051964
               | - Nancy Pelosi, 1996:
               | https://x.com/ThomasSowell/status/1907875133638705646
               | - Roger Moore's films
               | 
               | Clearly they changed their minds. It would be interesting
               | to see why they changed their minds.
        
         | belter wrote:
         | > So, to anyone who disagrees with these measures, but agrees
         | that these are issues we ought to solve, what would you
         | propose?
         | 
         | The solution is clear, let the tax cuts expire, and increase
         | the taxes on corporations. Make special tax incentives on real
         | investment and innovation.
         | 
         | Make a special tax for the four individuals behind Trump at the
         | inauguration, who own more health than 60% of the US
         | population.
         | 
         | Stop allowing billionaires and corporations cheat the tax code
         | to have lower effective rates than the majority of US citizens.
         | 
         | I am sure the 14 billionaires on Trump cabinet will be working
         | on this right away... \s
        
           | electriclove wrote:
           | Billionaire boys behaving badly! Let's teach them a lesson!
           | That will solve all the problems in the world! /s
        
             | belter wrote:
             | Yes of course. What is your solution?
             | 
             | "Warren Buffett Wants Higher Taxes For The Ultra-Rich,
             | Including Himself -- Says 'My Friends And I Have Been
             | Coddled Long Enough" -
             | https://finance.yahoo.com/news/warren-buffett-wants-
             | higher-t...
             | 
             | "Reagan's Radio Address on Free and Fair Trade on April 25,
             | 1987" - https://youtu.be/5t5QK03KXPc?t=119
        
               | electriclove wrote:
               | Free all the trade (no tariffs by anyone) and let the
               | chips fall where they may.
        
               | belter wrote:
               | Denmark, Sweden, the Netherlands, Norway, Finland.
               | 
               | You don't get world-class infrastructure, universal
               | healthcare, and top-tier education without paying for it.
               | High taxes are the price of a civilized society. Get over
               | it!
               | 
               | Life isn't meant to be a Squid Game.
        
               | electriclove wrote:
               | While I agree those are great things, don't fool yourself
               | - someone IS paying for it
               | 
               | Those countries have a population that is a fraction of
               | the US. I'm sure they make more effective use of their
               | taxes too. In the US, taxes continue to rise and health
               | care and education costs rise even more. There are many
               | things that are broken. Painting all billionaires as the
               | problem and thinking that confiscating their wealth via
               | taxes will solve the issues... is a popular rallying cry
               | but is not an actual solution
        
               | belter wrote:
               | Dont pretend capital = productivity and wealth = wisdom.
               | That's how you end up with a system where work is taxed
               | more than ownership, and basic rights like healthcare
               | stay out of reach. U.S. exceptionalism is only notable on
               | it's exceptional inability to do what 150 other countries
               | already figured out.
        
               | timacles wrote:
               | > Painting all billionaires as the problem
               | 
               | Strongly encourage you to learn about their favorite
               | money making concepts of passive income and compound
               | interest. And other various "financial engineering"
               | techniques corporations are engaging in.
               | 
               | These guys make more money taking a dump than 1000 US
               | workers doing hard labor. I'm sure they are like 1000x
               | more genius that most people but I doubt you could make
               | an argument where a system that rewards this sort of
               | behavior, while contributing absolutely 0 net value to
               | society can also coexist in harmony with the rest of us.
               | 
               | When the most efficient methods of accruing wealth are
               | literally predicated on profiting from doing nothing,
               | they are not the signs of a healthy society.
        
               | electriclove wrote:
               | I'd encourage you to do some research on the history of
               | charging interest. It does indeed make for a large wealth
               | gap and that is indeed a significant social problem.
               | 
               | However it isn't a problem limited to capitalism or the
               | US. And "billionaires" have been around for quite a long
               | time - I find it strange that some are placed on a
               | pedestal for some reason
        
         | wat10000 wrote:
         | Globalization is fine. Wages in this country are quite high
         | overall. Inequality isn't caused by trade, it's caused by low
         | taxes on rich people, weak unions, and weak labor regulation.
         | 
         | The terrible state of US production is a myth. The US is the
         | second largest manufacturer in the world. The #1 spot is
         | occupied by a country with over 4x our population.
         | Manufacturing _employment_ is down because our manufacturing
         | productivity is really high. Yeah, we don 't assemble
         | smartphones or make plastic trinkets. We make cars and
         | jetliners and computer chips.
         | 
         | If you want to address the national debt and inequality, the
         | solution is to correct the power imbalance between employers
         | and employees by strengthening labor regulations and unions,
         | and to raise taxes, especially on high incomes, and
         | _especially_ on the super wealthy. Taxing people like Elon Musk
         | down to a more manageable 10 or 11 figures of net worth won 't
         | do a lot for the nation's finances directly, but it will do a
         | lot to curb their power and get the government to be more
         | responsive to our interests instead of theirs.
         | 
         | (And no, tariffs are not a good way to do this, since they're
         | regressive.)
        
           | neutronicus wrote:
           | Aren't "weak unions" caused by globalization? Unless the
           | union is global, employers can always respond to stronger
           | unions by pulling the off-shoring lever even more vigorously
           | than they already do.
        
             | wat10000 wrote:
             | Globalization adds competition for both labor and business,
             | which will drive prices down. That will limit what unions
             | are able to bargain for, but it also limits what non-union
             | workers are able to bargain for, so it's somewhat
             | orthogonal. A smart union won't bargain so hard that their
             | employer decides to move the facility instead.
        
         | ccorcos wrote:
         | I really want to read a good response to this comment. I have
         | the same questions, and I'll add one more thought.
         | 
         | Lots of people talk about how the US should be more like
         | Europe. People say the average European has a better quality of
         | life, etc. Well, Europe has tariffs...
        
           | ViewTrick1002 wrote:
           | Europe has tariffs pretty much in line with the US. The
           | weighted average tariff for the EU is 2.7% and 2.2% for the
           | US.
           | 
           | There's of course the opportunity to get those in line, but
           | that requires negotiations.
        
             | bagels wrote:
             | Had, past tense.
        
             | ccorcos wrote:
             | Weighted average is an interesting metric, but I'm not sure
             | of its value in this context. I can imagine that perhaps
             | 2-3% is more of an equilibrium and any amount of tariffs
             | will still trend towards some market equlibrium.
             | 
             | I believe the EU has 10% tariffs on all US autos and we
             | didnt have tariff theirs. That seems relevant in a way that
             | this weighted average doesn't account for, right?
        
               | ViewTrick1002 wrote:
               | And the US has a 25% tariff on F150s (light duty
               | vehicles).
               | 
               | You can go tit for tat down the line, but all in all the
               | numbers I gave you are the sum of everything.
               | 
               | Heavy tariffs won't bring an equilibrium. It will only
               | make imported goods expensive and allow the existing
               | domestic producers to become laze and uncompetitive, all
               | in all zeroing their export value.
        
               | rat87 wrote:
               | We tarrif Trucks because they tarrifed our chickens.
               | Tarrifs are pretty complicated and often don't make
               | sense. But no the idea that EU tarrifs on the US are much
               | higher on average is unsupportable
        
           | horsawlarway wrote:
           | So does the US??? Ex - we've been placing tariffs on solar/ev
           | parts for many years now to drive investment in those
           | industries (And this is hardly the only place we've done
           | this).
           | 
           | Targeted tariffs to protect and strengthen specific
           | industries are fine - especially if done slowly and while
           | supporting those industries internally to make sure that they
           | aren't disrupted, and that they can actually capitalize on
           | the space provided by a tariff.
           | 
           | ---
           | 
           | This policy is not fucking that. It's just a backdoor tax on
           | everyone, with zero planning and support internally to bring
           | those industries back.
           | 
           | Simple terms for your simple comment:
           | 
           | A morbidly obese guy slowly exercising is great.
           | 
           | A morbidly obese guy getting dropped into a marathon with no
           | prep is a recipe for a heart attack.
        
           | qingcharles wrote:
           | Europe has tariffs. Everywhere has tariffs. Europe doesn't
           | have tariffs like _this_.
           | 
           | Europe has higher taxes. But, somehow, despite the
           | inefficiencies of governments, this produces a happier
           | populace who work less and vacation more.
        
         | boringg wrote:
         | Agreed there are serious restructuring that needs to happen in
         | the US.
         | 
         | That said this approach doesn't make a lot of sense. There are
         | many ways to do this without antagonizing all of your allies
         | which only helps out your enemies and ostracizes the U.S.
         | 
         | Loss of confidence in the greenback is deeply problematic for
         | US power.
        
         | TehCorwiz wrote:
         | Tax corporations and the wealthy since they receive the
         | majority of the benefits. They benefit from a trained healthy
         | workforce, social safety nets, infrastructure like roads and
         | electricity and water. They benefit form the US dollar being
         | the reserve currency for most of the world. I literally cannot
         | list all the ways these two groups benefit in a real tangible
         | outsized way than any other individual.
         | 
         | Trump wants to eliminate all federal taxes. That's NOT going to
         | reduce the deficit. The current republican spending bill
         | includes a 4.5T tax cut to the wealthy and businesses, while
         | cutting only 2T in spending from entitlements WE PAY INTO
         | SEPARATE FROM TAXES. I am entitled to the money that me and my
         | employer pay into Social Security, it's an investment, not a
         | tax.
         | 
         | Let's stop taking from working people who are quickly falling
         | further and further into poverty and start taking from the
         | people who literally own everything!
        
         | mrtksn wrote:
         | JD Vance had a nice speech about globalisation lately, he
         | describes how globalisation made the rest of the world advanced
         | and rich: https://x.com/OopsGuess/status/1902396228404674853
         | 
         | So if people were trying to make the world a better place
         | congratulations they succeeded. JD Vance uses a bit different
         | framing(!).
         | 
         | Anyway, back to your question, IMHO the problem in thinking
         | here is that it implies that there must be "They" and "Us". You
         | can't just get prosperous as a humanity, it needs to be a
         | subgroup like "Americans" or "Germans" that do amazing things
         | and they are very unsatisfied that Chinese and Indians got
         | advanced and no longer do the shitty jobs. When they say
         | globalism has failed us, they mean we thought that Vietnamese
         | will keep making our shoes but now they are making cars too.
         | 
         | Essentially the core of the problem(or ideal) is nationalism
         | and borders associated with it, preventing of people move
         | around and pursue happiness.
         | 
         | A group of people like the generations of Americans who
         | pioneered many technologies and sciences built a world, then
         | other group of people(mostly their offsprings or people who
         | caught up thanks to proximity to the ground zero) operated
         | within that world and made some choices and transformed the
         | world into something else. Now, they are unhappy with the
         | current state and propose teaming up around something like
         | religion/attitudes around genders etc. If you subscribe to the
         | idea that people should team around these things and if you
         | think that you won't be suffering that much and you don't care
         | that some people might suffer a lot, then yes the current
         | actions actually makes sense.
        
           | sjakakznxx wrote:
           | > is that it implies that there must be "They" and "Us". You
           | can't just get prosperous as a humanity
           | 
           | This idea of humanity transcending our genetic (due to
           | geographic proximity) tribal groups is a uniquely European
           | one. Pretending we can abandon all tribalism and integrate
           | the entire world into a European model is either immensely
           | incompetent or intentionally malicious (I tend to think the
           | latter). The current billionaire class profits immensely from
           | all the diversity (both generic and ideological) in the west.
           | It's much easier to parasitically rule a divided people than
           | a unified one. Nationalism is a defense against these
           | parasites.
           | 
           | > needs to be a subgroup like "Americans" or "Germans" that
           | do amazing things and they are very unsatisfied that Chinese
           | and Indians got advanced
           | 
           | The issue isn't other countries improving. The issue is the
           | average America should not have a degraded quality of life
           | (barring major natural disasters etc) so that our
           | billionaires can be richer. A nationalist elite class would
           | correctly say "no, we keep those jobs here because it
           | benefits my countryman even if I'm going to make less money".
           | We do not have this and the wealth gap continues to increase.
           | 
           | > If you're subscribe the idea that people should team around
           | these things and if you think that you won't be suffering
           | that much and you don't care that some people might suffer a
           | lot
           | 
           | Do you think parents should prioritize their children? Not
           | saying this snidely - there's no black and white lines here,
           | but I think universalism can only be accomplished by taking
           | care of our own and growing our tent, as opposed to
           | diminishing our own to lift up others (who in many cases do
           | not share our universalist sentiments).
        
             | mrtksn wrote:
             | lots of opinions presented as facts.
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | Says the person who posted a tweet from JD Vance?
        
             | zelias wrote:
             | I fail to understand what is "malicious" about the idea
             | that we, as a single species, can someday achieve an
             | equitable and global state of cooperation despite
             | historical tribal / racial / religious differences.
             | 
             | Just because an idea originated in Europe doesn't make it a
             | bad one out of hand.
        
             | Blackcatmaxy wrote:
             | > This idea of humanity transcending our genetic (due to
             | geographic proximity) tribal groups is a uniquely European
             | one. Pretending we can abandon all tribalism and integrate
             | the entire world into a European model is either immensely
             | incompetent or intentionally malicious (I tend to think the
             | latter).
             | 
             | I did not realize Star Trek is uniquely European, that
             | explains all the accents they have. It's a good thing Gene
             | Roddenberry was European otherwise all this nonsense would
             | make us Americans less isolationist.
             | 
             | > The current billionaire class profits immensely from all
             | the diversity (both generic and ideological) in the west.
             | It's much easier to parasitically rule a divided people
             | than a unified one. Nationalism is a defense against these
             | parasites.
             | 
             | For as much evidence as you present I'll assert that
             | nationalism in fact profits the billionaire class much more
             | than anyone else, thinking of most marketing campaigns,
             | most nationalist leaders are all backed by the billionaires
             | to win over the hearts of the working class. It's almost
             | like you say yourself, "It's much easier to parasitically
             | rule a divided people than a unified one" and nationalism
             | is just as much about dividing a nation's people from
             | others than about real unity.
        
             | Centigonal wrote:
             | > This idea of humanity transcending our genetic (due to
             | geographic proximity) tribal groups is a uniquely European
             | one.
             | 
             | Pan-Arabism, Pan-Africanism, and Simon Bolivar would like a
             | word.
        
         | arrosenberg wrote:
         | > So, to anyone who disagrees with these measures, but agrees
         | that these are issues we ought to solve, what would you
         | propose?
         | 
         | Good faith negotiations with our allies and trading partners
         | that creates a balance of trade and reduces wealth inequality
         | in the west. I'm not opposed to the actual ideas being floated,
         | but the people doing are are completely unserious and it's
         | being implemented in a stupid nonsense way.
        
           | kolanos wrote:
           | > Good faith negotiations with our allies and trading
           | partners that creates a balance of trade and reduces wealth
           | inequality in the west.
           | 
           | We can look at a 50+ year history of every major U.S. trade
           | partner increasing their protectionist policies, largely
           | targeting the U.S., while the U.S. allowed trade deficits to
           | balloon out of control. I don't see evidence that this "good
           | faith" approach you speak of has any viability at all. The
           | global economy can't say with a straight face that it has
           | been a fair trade partner with the United States. For the
           | past 50+ years the U.S. market has been open for business for
           | all global producers, but the same has been far from true for
           | pretty much every major U.S. trade partner. You can't even
           | operate a company in China without 50% Chinese ownership, for
           | example. The global stance on trade has all but made this an
           | inevitable outcome.
        
             | arrosenberg wrote:
             | We negotiated those deals, we aren't the victims. Now we
             | don't like how a deal turned out so instead of
             | renegotiating we are throwing a temper tantrum like we
             | weren't the ones who suggested it in the first place. It's
             | embarrassing to be represented like that, and it won't
             | work! We will wind up weaker than we started, I hope they
             | prove me wrong.
        
               | kolanos wrote:
               | The u.S. didn't negotiate protectionist policies against
               | their own exports. Can you cite a single example of this?
               | 
               | A more charitable explanation is that the U.S. has been
               | all in on globalization and free trade since the 1970s
               | and the rest of the world took a protectionist stance in
               | response. I'm sure the rest of the world had their
               | reasons. But the U.S. does now, too. Globalization and
               | free trade that only substantially flows in one direction
               | simply is not sustainable.
        
               | arrosenberg wrote:
               | > The u.S. didn't negotiate protectionist policies
               | against their own exports. Can you cite a single example
               | of this?
               | 
               | Oh yes the hell we did. I was running an ecommerce store
               | when this happened, it's been a disaster for US
               | entrepreneurs who have any model other than dropship from
               | China - https://about.usps.com/news/national-
               | releases/2011/pr11_037....
               | 
               | > A more charitable explanation is that the U.S. has been
               | all in on globalization and free trade since the 1970s
               | and the rest of the world took a protectionist stance in
               | response. I'm sure the rest of the world had their
               | reasons. But the U.S. does now, too. Globalization and
               | free trade that only substantially flows in one direction
               | simply is not sustainable.
               | 
               | We negotiated those free trade agreements. Stop acting
               | like we were being taken advantage of. Now, if you want
               | to argue that American labor has been hosed, then I agree
               | with that too, but China didn't do that - Nike did. None
               | of these idiotic tariffs are going to help the American
               | worker either - what remains of accessible opportunity
               | for the masses has already become more like sharecropping
               | with huge corporations owning the plantation, and it's
               | only going to get worse under these policies.
        
             | Phelinofist wrote:
             | How do you feel about the trade deficit, in the other
             | direction, in digital goods (Meta platforms, Amazon/AWS,
             | Google, Apple, ...)?
        
         | no_wizard wrote:
         | >For instance, globalization and offshoring of production has
         | made goods cheaper for consumers, but what about the former
         | domestic producers who could not compete, and do not have the
         | skills or capital to find a new job which pays as well?
         | 
         | We could instead pay for re-education and training for these
         | folks to find jobs that do align better with the global economy
         | and bolster social safety nets to help with job loss.
         | 
         | Tariffs are no guarantee the jobs will come back either or even
         | if some of the manufacturing does come back to the US, that it
         | will employ people who need it most or in the same number.
         | Manufacturing automation is quite sophisticated nowadays. Even
         | if the manufacturing comes back to the US - which I don't think
         | is going to happen en masse if at all - the employment
         | prospects that you're suggesting in this line of reasoning
         | won't come back with them, is what the evidence suggests.
         | 
         | >There really are structural challenges to onshoring production
         | due to strength of the dollar due to its reserve currency
         | status; our society as such is biased heavily toward importing
         | goods rather than exporting goods. This is a real challenge
         | that needs to be addressed as well.
         | 
         | Why? Why is onshoring production of non critical goods a
         | benefit to the US as a whole over the long term? Why do we want
         | to protect manufacturing interests at the expense of other
         | interests? These questions haven't been addressed. Not to
         | mention the pain tariffs are going to cause isn't being
         | addressed either, we're simply told to 'grin and bear it', and
         | for what are we doing that exactly? Whats the actual nuts and
         | bolts plan here?
         | 
         | Everywhere I look at the argument for tariffs I come up short
         | on legitimate answers to these questions
         | 
         | >Our national debt is not sustainable either. Either we pay it
         | down some, or we inflate it away; these are the two ways it
         | goes away, ignoring the option of a world-shattering default on
         | the debt. Tariffs accomplish both of those, raising money at
         | the same time as raising cost of goods and weakening the
         | dollar.
         | 
         | There's other ways to handle the national debt than put broad
         | tariffs on all our trading partners - including allies who have
         | actually been very generous about their trade terms and
         | investments in the US, like Japan, the UK (really much of
         | western Europe), Canada etc.
         | 
         | If we really want to strength the dollar, we could raise wealth
         | taxes (like capital gains or instituting a land value tax for
         | example) and moderate spending. Why are tariffs superior to
         | this? Tariffs only hurt the poor and middle classes anyway, who
         | can't simply fly out of the country for large purchases to
         | avoid them.
        
         | austin-cheney wrote:
         | > For instance, globalization and offshoring of production has
         | made goods cheaper for consumers, but what about the former
         | domestic producers who could not compete
         | 
         | That misses the point on so many levels. First of all consider
         | that this is a domestic problem too. What about all the
         | businesses abandoning California for Texas because wages are so
         | much lower to achieve an equivalent cost of living?
         | 
         | Cheaper goods produced elsewhere is not necessarily a security
         | concern for the economy. Silicon produced only in Taiwan is a
         | security concern for the US, for example, but rubber production
         | isn't even though the US cannot produce natural rubber.
         | 
         | Finally, and most importantly, price depreciation of goods due
         | to global options frees up American businesses and employees to
         | seek more lucrative ventures as the market demands that would
         | other not exist due to opportunity costs.
        
         | ASinclair wrote:
         | If you believe in these tariffs then the major problem is how
         | he enacted them. Businesses want certainty. It takes years to
         | build factories. The next president could just wipe away these
         | tariffs instantly. Hell, even the current one could. That does
         | not give these companies the certainty they need to commit
         | years of effort to building factories. If the goal is to spur
         | domestic manufacturing then, at a minimum, he would get the
         | tariffs enacted via a new law so they're more likely to stick
         | for the long term.
        
           | 0x5f3759df-i wrote:
           | This is the key point. Even if tariffs did everything Trump
           | claims they will (they will not) no one is investing billions
           | to build factories in America for tariffs that will not be
           | there in a few years.
           | 
           | Turns out that governing based on the whims of the executive
           | has downsides.
        
             | gizzlon wrote:
             | > not be there in a few years
             | 
             | Years? Lol, how much would you bet they are all exactly the
             | same in a month? A week?
        
           | Lord_Zero wrote:
           | Which is why they want to abolish term limits.
        
             | lcnPylGDnU4H9OF wrote:
             | Their point has nothing to do with term limits.
             | 
             | > Hell, even the current [president] could [eliminate these
             | tariffs].
             | 
             | The point is that the goal of building onshore production
             | isn't as likely to be reached with these tariffs due in
             | part to the uncertainty surrounding the method of enacting
             | the tariffs.
        
             | kristjansson wrote:
             | There is still a functioning system of laws in this county.
             | Devolving into a monarchy is not a necessary condition for
             | stable trade policy (and the particular guy trying to
             | install himself has not proven a force for stability in
             | trade policies, even his own viz. USMCA).
        
         | scotty79 wrote:
         | > what about the former domestic producers who could not
         | compete,
         | 
         | Tariffs won't make them any better at their jobs. So the
         | American customer can expect higher prices and lower quality of
         | products and services.
        
         | greybox wrote:
         | One unintended benefit of this move might be reducing
         | greenhouse gas emissions from global shipping ... if US
         | consumers are consuming more US made products, the supply chain
         | for those projects will have gotten significantly shorter in
         | nautical miles.
         | 
         | I'm hesitant credit President Trump with this too soon though,
         | after all, his motto is "drill drill drill", but It's going to
         | be interesting to see what happens.
        
           | fwip wrote:
           | Emissions from shipping are about 3-5% of global greenhouse
           | gases, and my understanding is that also includes all
           | domestic shipping. Emissions from personal vehicles (not
           | including freight trucks) is at something like 10%.
           | 
           | I don't have specific numbers for America on hand, but I'd be
           | very surprised if Trump's administration broke even, let
           | alone cause an overall reduction.
        
         | jayd16 wrote:
         | If it's fundamentally a jobs program, you can be a lot smarter
         | about it than tariffs.
         | 
         | If companies couldn't compete before, they're now further
         | disincentivized to compete, leaving the rest of us worse off
         | and uncompetitive with the rest of the world.
         | 
         | Tariffs are just bad policy.
        
           | rtkwe wrote:
           | That's the part I just don't get about the pro tariff as
           | reshoring manufacturing argument. That industry only makes
           | sense and will only be profitable in a world where the
           | tariffs are permanent. The Vietnamese textile factories
           | aren't going to just disappear their exports will shift to
           | other parts of the world and if the tariffs ever disappear
           | they'll shift right back to the US. So you'll have a tiny
           | fragile industry beholden to the government for its continued
           | existence that makes an expensive product only for domestic
           | consumption... Maybe that's the actual goal create a new raft
           | of client industries and workers in that industry who'll
           | support the administration because to not do it will destroy
           | them simply by lifting or easing the tariffs.
        
         | Justsignedup wrote:
         | Tarrifs are a tool that must be applied strategically. You
         | typically announce tarrifs years in advance so business can
         | shift their logistics and build out manufacturing where you
         | want it. However a daily change in tariffs only creates a chaos
         | that the economy cannot simply respond to fast enough.
         | 
         | A new steel mill won't magically appear in the middle of the US
         | within a month.
        
           | duskwuff wrote:
           | > A new steel mill won't magically appear in the middle of
           | the US within a month.
           | 
           | And yet, I'm sure Trump will show up at one to take credit
           | for its existence within the next month or so.
        
         | myrmidon wrote:
         | Do you honestly believe that there are significant numbers of
         | US citizens lining up to take up low-margin manufacturing work
         | as is currently done in China or elsewhere?
         | 
         | Chinese manufacturing workers live on a $25k/y income ($15k
         | without adjusting for purchasing parity!). Do you beliefe that
         | raising prices on goods by 30%ish is enough to make those jobs
         | attractive to US citizens?
         | 
         | What sectors would you suggest primarily sourcing domestic
         | manufacturing workers from, and would you agree that just doing
         | that is going to lead to further cost increase for the average
         | consumer?
         | 
         | In my view, the current tariff approach is a rather naive
         | attempt at improving national self-sufficiency at the cost of
         | the average citizen, and the administrations explicit
         | statements and goals make this pretty clear-- shifting
         | government income from taxes to tariffs is a very obvious
         | losing move for the vast majority of people that spend most of
         | their income.
         | 
         | US economy right now is heavily biased towards providing
         | services and high-tech goods because that is the most valuable
         | use of its citizens according to market dynamics. Managing the
         | economy in a "I know better than the market way" certainly did
         | not work out for the soviets...
         | 
         | Sometimes I feel that people construct elaborate theories of
         | how Trumps policies will end up beneficial for the average
         | citizen, despite clear, explicit descriptions of how that is
         | not the goal and historical precedent of acting directly
         | against working-class interests (i.e. raising estate tax
         | exemptions above literal 1%er-thresholds).
        
           | hnthrowaway0315 wrote:
           | I agree with you. The middle class is going to take all of
           | the blunts. The rich people more or less are not impacted.
        
           | arandomusername wrote:
           | So you are okay with exploiting people for labour, often in
           | inhumane conditions just so you can buy some unnecessary junk
           | for cheaper?
           | 
           | > US economy right now is heavily biased towards providing
           | services and high-tech goods because that is the most
           | valuable use of its citizens according to market dynamics
           | 
           | So basically geared for upper class / banking industry? US
           | has some of the highest wealth inequality of the developed
           | world.
           | 
           | But by far the most important aspect is military.
           | Manufacturing capability is extremely important for military.
           | US may be the most advanced, but a $10m rocket will not beat
           | 10,000 $1000 drones.
           | 
           | https://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/05/business/worldbusiness/05.
           | .. https://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/26/business/ieconomy-
           | apples-... https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/national-media-
           | release/dhs-crac...
        
         | 16bytes wrote:
         | > What about the former domestic producers who could not
         | compete, and do not have the skills or capital to find a new
         | job which pays as well?
         | 
         | What about all of the domestic producers of finished goods who
         | can now can not afford their materials and supplies? What about
         | the domestic supplier of that finished goods producer who has
         | their orders cut because the finished goods producer needs to
         | cut production? What about the domestic consumer who'd like to
         | buy those finished goods, but they can't afford it because
         | prices over all have increased? What about the barber shop by
         | the finished goods plant that has to shut down because the
         | finished goods plant cut their workforce by 50%?
         | 
         | 100+ years of studying tariffs have shown that they are
         | effective when very narrowly targeted. Otherwise they almost
         | never achieve their stated goal of actually increasing domestic
         | production.
         | 
         | Should we tax goods from Mississippi to NY to save jobs in NYC?
         | After all, wages in NYC are way higher than in MS. Trade with
         | MS pulls down wages with NYC.
        
         | jorblumesea wrote:
         | It's not the idea, it's how it was rolled out, how poorly it
         | was communicated, how little sense the numbers mean.
        
         | SpaceManNabs wrote:
         | This is a bunch of nonsense that is not driven by data and not
         | even worth a response.
         | 
         | I am tired of people spitting BS just to defend Trump's inane
         | policies and everyone else having to rederive modern economic
         | trade theory in comments in order to counter it.
         | 
         | Physicists used to get a bunch of derision for thinking their
         | high skills in analytical thinking in physics easily carried
         | over to other fields, and now we have CS majors thinking the
         | same.
         | 
         | Regardless I will do some of the countering:
         | 
         | > what about the former domestic producers who could not
         | compete, and do not have the skills or capital to find a new
         | job which pays as well?
         | 
         | We had a candidates that offered job re-training programs.
         | Those candidates weren't selected and those jobs went away even
         | as we tried to put up protectionist domestic policy.
         | 
         | > our society as such is biased heavily toward importing goods
         | rather than exporting goods.
         | 
         | This is fine. Comparative advantages and all. We just need to
         | produce the goods necessary for national security. It worked
         | out well so far. Do we actually want to have other countries do
         | the high value services and us doing the low value
         | manufacturing???? Why are you justifying engaging in a trade
         | war with Cambodia and Vietnam?
         | 
         | > Tariffs accomplish both of those, raising money at the same
         | time as raising cost of goods and weakening the dollar.
         | 
         | This is not backed by any data. Every single economic
         | thinkthank worth a damn, including conservative ones, have
         | detailed how it will raise the national debt.
         | 
         | I am tired of people saying ridiculous arguments just so they
         | can stave off cognitive dissonance.
         | 
         | Tearing down our soft power and throwig out every trade deal we
         | have carefully crafted since WWII is absolutely ridiculous.
        
         | teovall wrote:
         | If you really want to onshore production, you don't increase
         | taxes on the import of raw materials, parts, and components,
         | you only do so for finished goods. That isn't what this
         | administration has done though. They _say_ they want to
         | increase domestic manufacturing, but their actions clearly
         | prove that that is not their goal.
        
         | dismalaf wrote:
         | You can't look at this move as something in isolation. Trump
         | has also completely flipped geopolitics on their head.
         | 
         | Here's other things he's done:
         | 
         | - Threatened Canada
         | 
         | - Threatened Greenland/Denmark
         | 
         | - Supported Russia (it's obvious)
         | 
         | - Told NATO allies export F-35s will be nerfed just in case we
         | come into conflict
         | 
         | Americans are already very insular, I don't think you all
         | realise just how much you've pissed off Europe and Canada (I
         | live in both places throughout the year, family in both)...
         | 
         | American multinationals have benefited greatly from trade with
         | other countries... Look around the world: iPhones and Apple
         | products everywhere, Windows computers, Google dominates
         | search, the USA is a top travel destination, American weapons
         | are used by most allies, etc...
         | 
         | Right now in Canada and European countries we're talking about
         | completely cutting out all US trade and travel. Like all of it.
         | It won't be policy but the US has completely destroyed all
         | goodwill and cultural influence it has across the "West".
         | 
         | Because of immense hatred of Russia, China is now the "lesser
         | evil" and pretty much all developed countries will band
         | together. And not only will countries move on from US hegemony,
         | they'll accept any pain that comes with it because Russia is
         | threatening Europe and the USA is threatening their neighbours.
         | Without the geopolitical aspect, the US might have won this
         | trade war. But no one is going to bow to the US to then get
         | sold out and conquered by Russia...
        
         | losvedir wrote:
         | As a software engineer dealing with bits and bytes all day,
         | it's easy to lose sight of the hard and sharp parts of reality.
         | My wife is a chemical engineer who actually goes into a factory
         | and is constantly dealing with production issues in actually
         | making soap, ice cream, chemicals flow (different factories
         | over her career).
         | 
         | JD Vance had an interview somewhere (I think in the NYTimes?)
         | where he claimed that national prosperity is downstream of
         | military might which is downstream of industrial base. It made
         | me stop and think, because that does line up with what I was
         | taught about how the Allies won WW2, and the US beat the
         | Soviets in the Cold War: we outproduced them. I'm not sure if
         | this is "fighting the last war", though, since I imagine a lot
         | of warfare going forward is going to be technological and with
         | things like drones, etc.
         | 
         | It's just so easy to deal with our economic abstraction, of
         | dollars flying around, and computer work, and services and so
         | on, that I sometimes do wonder about your point here about the
         | actual physical, production of goods, and how important that
         | is. Can you have a long term, stable, healthy, successful
         | country that doesn't (and can't) produce anything physical?
         | 
         | We clearly _can_ still make some stuff. I have a great squat
         | rack and barbell set from Rogue Fitness, which makes stuff here
         | in the USA (captured in this beautiful advertisement video[0]),
         | and it 's awesome. But I also have a made-in-the-USA wood
         | pellet smoker which is garbage, and which I kind of wish I had
         | just bought from China.
         | 
         | All to say, yeah, I think there's the potential for there to be
         | something along the lines of what you're saying. That said, the
         | implementation is maybe not great. Even taking the Tesla Texas
         | Gigafactory, which was built in warp speed (construction to
         | first cars in about 1.5 years), that's only leaving 2 years
         | before a potential next administration could roll back the
         | tariffs if they wanted.
         | 
         | [0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3aCMGqA6_XY
        
         | nitwit005 wrote:
         | There is a net outflow of US dollars, because we keep issuing
         | new debt. The fix there is to stop issuing new debt, by fixing
         | the budget. Sadly, no one seems to think this administration
         | will do that.
        
         | rat87 wrote:
         | > Everyone is quick to deride this move as stupid. I don't
         | disagree that there are downsides to the approach, but there is
         | a set of very real national problems that this might address.
         | 
         | Because it is stupid. It's important to point out that this is
         | stupid and not only doesn't help with problems that come with
         | the benefits of globalization but makes it worse. How will a
         | deep recession fox anything? Including debt(which is high but
         | manageable under a sane government)
        
         | greg7gkb wrote:
         | > very real national problems that this might address.
         | 
         | This is a dubious claim to begin with. If you believe that
         | 'trade deficits are bad,' can you explain why? Post Covid, the
         | US economy has emerged in significantly better shape than
         | nearly every other country in the world, so I'm failing to see
         | how these deficits are meaningful.
         | 
         | > Globalization has played a big role in creating the massive
         | income inequality in our country
         | 
         | What is your source for this belief, especially when comparing
         | globalization with other factors that cause inequality? From my
         | understanding, the biggest recent contributors to a higher cost
         | of living in the US are housing, health, and education. Health
         | and education purely services-oriented, and housing is one-
         | third a labor cost.
         | 
         | > our society as such is biased heavily toward importing goods
         | rather than exporting goods
         | 
         | I think that's great. America exports services. We innovate to
         | create new technology, are a leader in designing the things and
         | systems that people want (think of our tech industry), and we
         | delegate the work of manufacturing to others. That seems fine
         | to me, and a function of having (relatively) open, free trade.
        
         | Marsymars wrote:
         | > So, to anyone who disagrees with these measures, but agrees
         | that these are issues we ought to solve, what would you
         | propose?
         | 
         | At a high level, the problem is that free trade makes the pie
         | bigger, but causes distribution/inequality problems. So
         | generally speaking, the best measures are going to be those
         | that improve inequality while minimizing the impact to the size
         | of the pie. Raise taxes on the wealthy, increase spending on
         | social programs to the non-wealthy, fund investments in
         | programs that benefit everyone equally. (Public transit,
         | libraries, healthcare, education, etc.)
         | 
         | Tariffs shrink the pie, and I'd heavily bet against those hurt
         | by globalization being those who are able to grab a bigger
         | slice under the current administration.
        
       | mk89 wrote:
       | I am not an economist but I see two things 1) usa has a huge
       | debt, 2) this feels a lot like VAT applied on a federal level,
       | without calling it VAT. Ok "VAT on imports". Why not.
       | 
       | Obviously this is being sold as a trading surplus BS, etc, but if
       | you look at EU, the surplus is ridiculously low when you consider
       | goods and services (something like 50B).
       | 
       | I don't think it's the worst idea ever, I just dislike the
       | useless hatred that this guy is spreading around and all the
       | idiots believing him. But hey if he hadn't done it, people would
       | have said he is a socialist :)
        
       | mtlmtlmtlmtl wrote:
       | Nasdaq composite is down 5.6% at the time of writing this
       | comment.
       | 
       | I honestly think Trump is doing this just to enrich himself and
       | his friends. Stock market crashes always end up transfering
       | wealth from the poor to the rich.
        
       | joshdavham wrote:
       | The goal of the world now is to specifically target red swing
       | states with counter tariffs so that the democrats will win the
       | midterms, pass legislation to prevent the president from being
       | able to unilaterally impose tariffs in the future and thus put a
       | swift end to the golden age.
        
         | bagels wrote:
         | Pass legislation? That will be vetoed or ignored?
        
       | Yeul wrote:
       | Man the stock market today was a slaughter house.
       | 
       | Unfortunately in America they choose a dictator for 4 years with
       | a parlement made up of puppets so it is what it is.
        
       | uoaei wrote:
       | I like to ask, "What would a Russian agent do to try to dethrone
       | the USA as a global power?"
       | 
       | * remove support from historic trading partners
       | 
       | * break up NATO and similar military alliances
       | 
       | * convince the world to distrust USD as default reserve currency
       | 
       | * _specifically_ make it harder to trade with China who makes a
       | lot of our junk
       | 
       | * remove a lot of the federal government workforce from their
       | positions
       | 
       | * convince those involved in Ukraine to back out so that the
       | mineral-rich regions in the east can be appropriated
       | 
       | * destroy the image of "democracy" and "free speech" by flaunting
       | legal processes and crushing dissent
       | 
       | I could list and think of more, but these are most illustrative
       | IMO.
        
       | le-mark wrote:
       | One thing we know for sure Trump will never back down or admit
       | he's wrong. So how to invest in this 4 year regime to survive or
       | even thrive?
        
       | donohoe wrote:
       | Are we surprised? If anyone watched the presidential debates VP
       | Kamala Harris told us about this.
       | 
       | From September 2024:
       | 
       | "What Goldman Sachs has said is that Donald Trump's plan would
       | make the economy worse. Mine would strengthen the economy. What
       | the Wharton School has said is Donald Trump's plan would actually
       | explode the deficit. Sixteen Nobel laureates have described his
       | economic plan as something that would increase inflation and by
       | the middle of next year would invite a recession."
       | 
       | Emphasis on that last line:                 would increase
       | inflation and by the middle of next year would invite a
       | recession.
       | 
       | btw the US Congress can stop this anytime they want.
        
       | boringg wrote:
       | Is there going to be a hearing into the stock transactions of any
       | the cabinet related to this news? Seems to me like some people
       | could make some significant money on information like this.
        
       | ForOldHack wrote:
       | https://shwin.co/blog/why-i-dont-discuss-politics-with-frien...
        
       | Mossy9 wrote:
       | I wonder how long it takes until this trade war moves to the
       | digital stage. It wouldn't be surprising to see that software
       | license fees start increasing if this tit-for-tat continues for
       | much longer
        
       | olalonde wrote:
       | If there's one upside to Trump, it's that he might turn a lot of
       | left-wingers into passionate free traders. Who would have
       | thought.
        
       | svara wrote:
       | It's true that free trade is hugely beneficial to the US economy
       | as a whole, particularly with the USD being the reserve currency.
       | 
       | The flow of goods is balanced by a flow of US dollars to other
       | countries, which are ultimately cycled back into the US financial
       | system - enabling budget deficits and an abundance of capital to
       | invest in high growth industries.
       | 
       | The flip side of this is that it also drives inequality - the
       | upside of this system is felt by the entrepreneurs, investors and
       | high-skill employees in tech and finance, while the downside is
       | concentrated with low-skill workers whose jobs are offshored to
       | lower wage countries.
       | 
       | The obvious solution is not to hurt the economy as a whole, but
       | rather for the government to lower the cost of high-quality
       | education, build out social systems, and invest into onshoring
       | select strategic industries by raising taxes at the high end.
       | 
       | As such, this administration's policies are foolish, but many on
       | this very site would need to give up a little bit of their
       | privilege to reduce the pain felt by many of their fellow
       | citizens.
       | 
       | That is something that in the current American political climate
       | seems a nearly impossible sell.
        
         | ajross wrote:
         | You're arguing from a steady state. In point of fact the pain
         | of the at-this-point-seemingly-inevitable recession is
         | _absolutely_ going to be concentrated on the working class.
         | Those of us with savings and work flexibility will do just
         | fine.
         | 
         | Even someone making a first principles argument for a revision
         | of US trade policy should agree that this is insane.
        
           | smallmancontrov wrote:
           | The real pain will hit the working class harder, but the
           | nominal pain will hit the capital class harder. Historically,
           | this is how inequality unwinds. See: recessions, World War
           | II. Let's hope to god that this is "just" a recession and
           | doesn't cook into World War III.
        
             | TehCorwiz wrote:
             | The current spending bill has a 4.5T giveaway to corps and
             | the ultra rich. The goal is to drive prices to the floor
             | and then buy everything up.
             | 
             | What's a 50% drop in value to a billionaire? Most of them
             | would still be a billionaire and the ones that fall from
             | that group still have more money than they could ever
             | spend. No wealthy person will truly feel what's going on.
             | They'll still vacation and eat their caviar. Caricatures
             | aside, it's absurd to compare someone stock sheet numbers
             | going down with people not able to find medical care or
             | feed themselves.
        
             | timacles wrote:
             | Definitely looks like an intentional precursor to WW3.
             | 
             | - Threats of annexations - Existing conflicts in North
             | America, Middle East, Europe and Asia. (whats up with South
             | America?) - Mass unemployment and poverty in US freeing up
             | able bodied people for some soldiering - Right wing
             | blowhards everywhere
             | 
             | Just crazy that this is essentially because rich people
             | dont want to pay some debts, and some crazy russian guy's
             | ego
        
               | A4ET8a8uTh0_v2 wrote:
               | I think the quote below attributed to Caesar is
               | applicable here ( not only in the sense that egos play a
               | role in most leader's process ). I am not sure I disagree
               | with you; I just hope you are wrong.
               | 
               | "Go on, my friend, and fear nothing; you carry Caesar and
               | his fortune in your boat."
        
           | svara wrote:
           | I think my comment is entirely compatible with what you said,
           | no?
        
           | mlinhares wrote:
           | its also assuming there is any plan here do get somewhere,
           | they just asked chatgpt for number, it spewed them out and
           | those became the final numbers.
           | 
           | there's no plan for anything here.
        
         | smallmancontrov wrote:
         | Yes! "Trade Wars are Class Wars" by Klein & Pettis is the book
         | to read if you want to hear actual economists with actual data
         | talk about this.
        
           | no_wizard wrote:
           | Stellar book. Can't recommend it enough. Wanted to chime in
           | on how good this book is.
        
             | mywittyname wrote:
             | I purchased this book after seeing all of these glowing
             | reviews for it.
        
             | aj_icracked wrote:
             | I just downloaded this and listened to it for the past 2
             | hours, this is a fantastic book. Thanks for the rec guys!
        
           | throwaway34903 wrote:
           | For what it's worth Pettis thinks tariffs would be beneficial
           | for the American economy:
           | https://www.foreignaffairs.com/united-states/how-tariffs-
           | can...
        
             | ckemere wrote:
             | I read this and I was quite disappointed that he didn't
             | talk about labor costs and other comparative advantages for
             | labor-heavy manufacturing to be in a different situation
             | trade market-wise than it was in the 1930s.
        
               | smallmancontrov wrote:
               | He does talk about comparative advantage, though.
               | Extensively. The bit about Ricardo's precondition is
               | absolutely wild and I'm more than a little scandalized by
               | the fact that it wasn't discussed when I took econ in
               | school. Not to mention the history with Alexander
               | Hamilton.
               | 
               | Are you sure you didn't just read the link? If you want a
               | book-sized argument, you need to read the book, or at
               | least listen to it.
        
         | piokoch wrote:
         | Nope. It's true that free trade WAS hugely beneficial to the US
         | economy as a whole. Now free trade is hurting USA economy and
         | that's why USA play against the rules they were promoting for
         | so long.
        
           | klipt wrote:
           | > Now free trade is hurting USA economy
           | 
           | Then why is the economy crashing under these new tariffs when
           | it was recovering nicely just a few months ago?
        
           | sekai wrote:
           | > Now free trade is hurting USA economy and that's why USA
           | play against the rules they were promoting for so long.
           | 
           | Explain how is it hurting US economy?
        
           | dragonwriter wrote:
           | Free trade is not hurting the economy. American domestic
           | policy impacting the distribution of the produce of the
           | economy is, even in times of strong aggregate economic
           | performance, hurting the felt effects of the economy on large
           | swathes of the population, but throwing up protectionist
           | policies that collapse both the global and local production
           | possibilities curves doesn't help that; it just shrinks the
           | pie without doing anything to deal with the bad distribution
           | which makes people _feel_ like the pie is shrinking even when
           | it is growing. The results you can expect from that should be
           | obvious without experiencing them, but it looks like we are
           | all going to learn about them through painful experience real
           | soon now.
        
         | zjp wrote:
         | Yes! I've been consistently frustrated at both sides of the
         | issue. It became salient for me when I read about how China had
         | sanctioned three American drone manufacturers that were
         | supplying Ukraine last year, and how it disrupted their supply
         | chains and ultimately the war effort.
         | 
         | It is unacceptable for any other country to be able to do this
         | to any part of the western-aligned military supply chain.
         | 
         | We needed a targeted policy -- I don't care about American cars
         | except to the extent that those factories can be converted to
         | aircraft and tank factories.
         | 
         | But the conversation has been frustratingly reduced to 'reshore
         | low skill work' vs 'save my infinite trough of cheap plastic
         | slop'.
         | 
         | I don't want to hear about tariffs bad, I want to hear about
         | how subsidies are better or about how it doesn't matter anyway
         | because of the structure of the Chinese economy (I saw it
         | claimed without evidence that they depend on imports from
         | places aligned with the west which is reassuring if
         | substantiated).
         | 
         | There's an underlying issue everyone is dancing around.
        
           | jay_kyburz wrote:
           | I don't know why you are being down-voted, I think you raised
           | some interesting points that add to the discussion.
           | 
           | National security / foreign interference hadn't occurred to
           | me, and now I'm wondering what would happen to US economy and
           | manufacturing if it was at war with China and or the EU over
           | Taiwan and or Greenland.
           | 
           | How would US deal with Russian style sanctions? Can China
           | simply ban all exports to the US?
           | 
           | In times of war, it probably is super important that a
           | country and manufacture all essentials.
        
             | zjp wrote:
             | If I were a third party downvoting my comment I would
             | probably take issue with the characterization of the anti-
             | tariff position as "save my infinite trough of plastic
             | slop". Other countries do have highly skilled artisans.
             | Tariffs are also considered bad on the merits (looking at
             | it from a liberal [economically] world view). It's like
             | vaccine skepticism to economists: an extremely low-status
             | opinion for kooks and cranks. But I am open to being
             | convinced on illiberal economics (this is not the same
             | thing as saying I support it) because I consider military
             | supply chain erosion a national emergency and I don't think
             | "balloon the military budget even more with subsidies" is a
             | politically viable position and "just build it in an allied
             | country we now have to keep permapoor to make the economics
             | work out" is cruel.
        
         | MR4D wrote:
         | The deficit is 2 trillion.
         | 
         | Income taxes on individuals are 2.4 trillion.
         | 
         | How much do you expect to raise taxes to cover that gap? You
         | double my taxes and I'm in the welfare line.
         | 
         | Further, and this is not referenced enough - the US must
         | rollover ~9 trillion in treasuries this year. The lower the
         | interest rate to do that, the better. Otherwise it increase the
         | deficit even more.
         | 
         | The only way this ends is one of two paths - a path similar to
         | what we are on; default.
         | 
         | We may not like this one, but default is world destroying
         | because of the broad use of the Dollar around the globe.
        
           | hijodelsol wrote:
           | The deficit is not in fact 2 trillion. Source:
           | https://www.bea.gov/system/files/trad0225.png (and many other
           | official documents)
           | 
           | Also, this is a false dichotomy.
        
             | izend wrote:
             | In CBO's projections, the federal budget deficit in fiscal
             | year 2025 is $1.9 trillion. Adjusted to exclude the effects
             | of shifts in the timing of certain payments, the deficit
             | grows to $2.7 trillion by 2035. It amounts to 6.2 percent
             | of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2025 and drops to 5.2
             | percent by 2027 as revenues increase faster than outlays
             | 
             | https://www.cbo.gov/publication/60870
             | 
             | IMO, 5%+ percent of gross domestic product (GDP) in a
             | country with massive trade deficits is not sustainable.
        
               | croemer wrote:
               | Nominal GDP growth was 5% in December. As long as share
               | of GDP is constant things are sustainable.
        
               | ojbyrne wrote:
               | "The budget projections are based on CBO's economic
               | forecast, which reflects developments in the economy as
               | of December 4, 2024. They also incorporate legislation
               | enacted through January 6, 2025."
               | 
               | Out of date!
        
             | croemer wrote:
             | I think they meant budget deficit, whereas you refer to
             | trade deficit.
        
             | disgruntledphd2 wrote:
             | I believe the OP was talking about the fiscal deficit, your
             | chart shows the trade deficit.
        
             | ArnoVW wrote:
             | That graph shows a 130B monthly deficit. So maybe not 2B
             | but still 1.5B on a yearly basis.
        
           | grafmax wrote:
           | Taxes should be raised on the rich. Elon Musk alone is worth
           | $330 billion. There is plenty of money to pay for what we
           | need. The question is whether we can muster the political
           | will to do it.
        
           | ojbyrne wrote:
           | The current administration has no interest in reducing the
           | fiscal deficit. Their expressed policies will make it larger.
        
         | keithxm23 wrote:
         | > but many on this very site would need to give up a little bit
         | of their privilege to reduce the pain felt by many of their
         | fellow citizens.
         | 
         | Agreed. However, by imposing tariffs it is not the privileged
         | who are going to be affected the most. The pain is felt most by
         | the low-skill workers you mentioned earlier.
         | 
         | If the solution was instead along the lines of changing tax-
         | brackets to tax the 'privileged' more, that might have better
         | addressed the problem you mention in the beginning.
        
           | DSingularity wrote:
           | Nobody has faith in the governments ability to put that money
           | to good use. The US gov uses significant amounts of its
           | budget to fund weapon development, promote weapon sales,
           | change unfriendly foreign governments, support friendly
           | foreign governments, and genocide troublesome foreign
           | populations. Who will support raising more taxes to maintain
           | and expand such efforts?
        
             | mjevans wrote:
             | Offhand, I'm unaware of where to even look to get an easy
             | to digest version of 'where tax dollars go'. Would the GAO
             | make such a report? Something for Congress otherwise? Would
             | there be a classified and an public version?
             | 
             | Even better would be a tool that, E.G. with your IRS filing
             | number, shows how much 'you' paid in, breaks down where
             | that went, and shows how 'you' compare to other areas.
             | 
             | Such tools and reports would cost money, but making them is
             | practically an audit anyway which is a good use of
             | resources in a bureaucracy (part of the self-calibration
             | system).
        
               | LaffertyDev wrote:
               | https://fiscaldata.treasury.gov/americas-finance-
               | guide/feder...
               | 
               | What you seek is available and has been available for a
               | very long time. Mathing out how your individual tax
               | dollars map to these buckets is a fairly straightforward
               | (IMO) exercise.
        
               | blargey wrote:
               | https://www.usaspending.gov/explorer/budget_function
               | (linked on that page but easy to miss) provides a great
               | visualization/interface for the budget that can drill
               | down deep into each category's sub-categories and beyond.
               | 
               | OTOH they might be asking more specifically for a view
               | that controls for how different tax/income sources might
               | be earmarked for specific spending, thus skewing how
               | income tax dollars are distributed compared to the
               | overall budget distribution - though I'm not sure that's
               | going to change one's income tax dollar distribution
               | much. AFAIK even social security is only nominally funded
               | by social security tax, and the deficit means there's
               | debt filling the gaps everywhere anyway.
        
               | mjevans wrote:
               | That page is a good start. It at least shows the
               | breakdown of % by programs, etc.
               | 
               | However as you point out there are different types and
               | methods of tax which go to different bins. The IRS
               | filings are the most likely place to have all that
               | together.
               | 
               | *value for taxation* is also really difficult to discern.
               | The report needs to help break down where someone's tax
               | dollars went...
               | 
               | But it also needs to help collectively show how tax
               | dollars _benefit_ them. That one not just in the taxes
               | they paid but overall based on where they are and what
               | they're doing.
        
               | plantain wrote:
               | Many civilized countries give you a receipt when you file
               | your taxes that show exactly how your contribution was
               | spent:
               | 
               | https://www.ato.gov.au/api/public/content/385a815c5194463
               | 8a3...
        
             | sirbutters wrote:
             | Letting billionaires hoard all the money has gotten us to
             | where we are today. It seems worse than government
             | mismanaging the budget. Was that concern also there in the
             | 50s and 60s when the wealthy was taxed at a substantial
             | higher rate? I don't believe so. It all seems to point at
             | the failure of trickled down economics of Reagan.
        
               | sabarn01 wrote:
               | The us was the only industrialized economy to come out
               | ww2 unscathed. We didn't have to compete for 2 decades.
               | The end results of these policies was the stagnate 70s
               | Reagan was a corrective. However, the policies of Regan
               | only made sense in that context. Republicans became too
               | found of cutting top end taxes when most of what could be
               | gained already was in the 80s. There is no historical
               | period to look at on how to deal with the consequences of
               | integrating China with the rest of the world.
        
               | inglor_cz wrote:
               | Your answer is somewhat typical for Americans: because in
               | my experience, Americans tend to think that all American
               | developments are caused by domestic factors - governance,
               | taxes, billionaires, whatever. Insular thinking, as if
               | the rest of the world did not matter. Left or right, this
               | is a fairly frequent pattern in the US.
               | 
               | But in the meantime, over a billion people elsewhere got
               | out of poverty and built relatively developed economies.
               | The US is no longer an automatic Nr 1 on the world scene
               | by this fact alone. How precisely do you want to keep a
               | massive edge over a billion hardworking East Asians who
               | now have a lot of capital and know-how at their disposal?
               | 
               | Neither Musk nor Lenin can solve this. The US is simply
               | in a relative decline.
        
               | saturn8601 wrote:
               | >How precisely do you want to keep a massive edge over a
               | billion hardworking East Asians who now have a lot of
               | capital and know-how at their disposal?
               | 
               | Promote the lie down movement in the short term and let
               | the negative birth rate take care of them in the long
               | term. Thats the only way unless the US somehow gets a
               | magical AGI and robots before China.
        
               | inglor_cz wrote:
               | "let the negative birth rate take care of them in the
               | long term"
               | 
               | There is a presumption hidden in that sentence: namely,
               | that procreation will always be left up to the people and
               | their decisions. That is far from certain. If anyone has
               | the nerve to actually develop and deploy artificial
               | wombs, it is China. And the resulting kids will be simply
               | pushed onto young people to raise - an authoritarian
               | country won't have to ask anyone.
               | 
               | Having kids is one of the last almost-non-industrialized
               | attributes of human lives, most people are still being
               | born in the same way as they used to in the Stone Age. I
               | wonder how long will that situation last.
        
               | wesapien wrote:
               | It's the elite wealth pump. Capital is a non-state entity
               | but through corporations was granted person hood by
               | states without a social contract. Trickle down economics
               | was a complete scam and Richard Cantillon has the
               | receipts for it.
        
           | jopsen wrote:
           | Yeah, isn't this just regressive taxation?
           | 
           | How much all the imports are realistically going to be made
           | in the US?
        
             | ty6853 wrote:
             | Somewhat yes. But more precisely it is a reallocation from
             | things we have the best comparative advantage to things
             | where we have less comparative advantage. The main effect
             | is to make almost everyone poorer.
        
             | garciasn wrote:
             | If the tariffs remained in effect for three decades, or
             | more, there may have been incentive to move manufacturing
             | back to the US; however, with the changing of the guard on
             | the regular, most companies are just going to ignore it for
             | 3.5 more years and hope that someone stops this from
             | continuing.
             | 
             | Because, if you think about it, it took decades to get us
             | to where we are today and it'll take decades to reverse,
             | even logistically. This is a bunch of stupidity and
             | meaningless saber rattling that will do nothing but hurt
             | everyone except the extremely wealthy who can afford the
             | additional taxation on the consumer side because the
             | Republicans will further reduce the taxation on the income
             | side.
        
               | overfeed wrote:
               | > If the tariffs remained in effect for three decades, or
               | more, there may have been incentive to move
               | 
               | In 3 decades, the US won't be the biggest market for most
               | products - sooner if the harebrained economic decisions
               | somehow persist.
               | 
               | Capital knows no borders, and American companies will "do
               | the needful" to maximize profits wherever they may be
               | found.
        
               | A4ET8a8uTh0_v2 wrote:
               | << Capital knows no borders
               | 
               | Those statements are offered as truism ( and they do
               | sound true enough ),but are they anything more than a
               | hopeful assertion? I won't go into too many details, but
               | I think it is not exactly axiomatic. It may be have been
               | 99% accurate in the post-world war new world order, but,
               | needless to say, that has shifted.
               | 
               | We can argue over whether it is a temporary pit stop or a
               | longer term change that is likely to remain its place,
               | but 'capital knows no borders' has its place along other
               | otherwise useful phrases such as 'bet you bottom dollar
               | that tomorrow there'll be sun'. As in, sure, but it is
               | more of an expression of our wants, not an if/then
               | scenario.
        
               | overfeed wrote:
               | > I won't go into too many details, but I think it is not
               | exactly axiomatic.
               | 
               | The Panama papers, the Double Irish sandwich, and the US
               | government pressuring the EU not to tax American tech
               | companies all say otherwise. More prosaically, the
               | average non-resident, non-American has a much easier time
               | registering a Delaware LLC than attempting to get an
               | American work visa.
               | 
               | > It may be have been 99% accurate in the post-world war
               | new world order, but, needless to say, that has shifted.
               | 
               | Trump has proposed a green-card-inspired "Gold Card" for
               | rich Russians^w investors to skip the immigration queue.
               | Lot's of countries have investor visa with fewer hoops to
               | jump than work visa. I don't see this changing any time
               | soon. If you have the capital, and hint that you're
               | interested in investing $1M+, most countries will roll
               | out the red carpet for you.
               | 
               | > As in, sure, but it is more of an expression of our
               | wants, not an if/then scenario.
               | 
               | To be clear I don't _want_ labor to be more restricted
               | than capital.
        
               | A4ET8a8uTh0_v2 wrote:
               | << The Panama papers, the Double Irish sandwich, and the
               | US government pressuring the EU not to tax American tech
               | companies all say otherwise.
               | 
               | It is an interesting argument to make. Given current
               | efforts to reshuffle existing system, those may no longer
               | be available. Let me ask you a hypothetical instead: if
               | those 'ways' are gone, is it automatically a given that
               | new ones will emerge? If yes, why? If no, why?
               | 
               | << Trump has proposed a green-card-inspired
               | 
               | I don't want to write too much of an obvious comment,
               | but.. how is it different from existing pre-Trump green
               | cards sold to interested parties ( with lower price tag,
               | but I am not asking about the price )? Is the existence
               | of the card proof that capital has no borders or of
               | something else? Is it inherent? I am now genuinely
               | curious about your internal world model.
        
               | overfeed wrote:
               | > Let me ask you a hypothetical instead: if those 'ways'
               | are gone, is it automatically a given that new ones will
               | emerge?
               | 
               | It's important to remember those were not the _only_
               | ways, they just happened to have be the most effective,
               | and became notorious because of it. Tax havens still
               | exist, and we are still far from taxing corporate in the
               | same stringent ways we tax individuals. The fact that
               | governments only chipped at the edges with no systemic
               | changes is telling.
               | 
               | > I don't want to write too much of an obvious comment,
               | but.. how is it different from existing pre-Trump green
               | cards sold to interested parties
               | 
               | You need to be specific about how green cards are
               | currently sold before I can attempt to explain the
               | difference. Further, if there is no difference IYO, then
               | why is Trump proposing something new?
        
               | A4ET8a8uTh0_v2 wrote:
               | << You need to be specific about how green cards are
               | currently sold before I can attempt to explain the
               | difference.
               | 
               | I was personally referring to EB5[1]
               | 
               | << Further, if there is no difference IYO, then why is
               | Trump proposing something new?
               | 
               | Eh, I have a personal theory, but that one will likely
               | need some time to confirm. The shortest, handwavy way I
               | can offer is politics ( and separation/differentiation
               | from existing EB5 ), but I am open to alternative
               | explanation.
               | 
               | [1]https://www.uscis.gov/working-in-the-united-
               | states/permanent... [2]https://legalservicesincorporated.
               | com/immigration/minimum-eb...
               | 
               | << It's important to remember those were not the only
               | ways, they just happened to have be the most effective,
               | 
               | True, but I am questioning how much some of this stuff
               | will be increasingly challenging to evade. The fact that
               | beneficial owner version in US was effectively scrapped
               | suggests the AML regimes were getting pretty close to the
               | issues you were referring to. And, as always,
               | conversations within the industry players are discussing
               | more monitoring, more data.. not less.
               | 
               | << The fact that governments only chipped at the edges
               | with no systemic changes is telling.
               | 
               | That is true, but it does not prove that capital has no
               | borders ( original point of contention ).
        
               | lesuorac wrote:
               | > Those statements are offered as truism ( and they do
               | sound true enough ),but are they anything more than a
               | hopeful assertion?
               | 
               | For the US / Euro, yeah you can just digitally wire say $
               | 150 million no problem. You just can't physically fly out
               | with a suitcase of $100 bills.
               | 
               | This is not true for something like China [1].
               | 
               | The counter-topic is usually Labor. You very much cannot
               | just go to the US and work but you could from China
               | invest in a US company. So Capital knows no borders while
               | Labor does.
               | 
               | [1]: https://www.tradecommissioner.gc.ca/china-
               | chine/control-cont...
        
               | mywittyname wrote:
               | > If the tariffs remained in effect for three decades, or
               | more, there may have been incentive to move manufacturing
               | back to the US;
               | 
               | I don't understand why people take this as a given.
               | 
               | Tariffs are a two-way street. What incentive does a
               | company have to move a billion dollar facility to the USA
               | when it will face reciprocal tariffs on any exported
               | goods from the USA?
               | 
               | The calculus is pretty complicated. Economies of scale
               | become a factor - is one large global factory more
               | efficient than separate regional facilities? Also income
               | disparities; Americans can more afford to pay a 25%
               | premium on a good than most of the rest of the world can;
               | so maybe you just make Americans pay more. Or, maybe you
               | do both, have a world-wide facility and a American
               | facility, but still charge Americans the tariff premium,
               | and pocket the 25% as profit instead (steel producers
               | model; also pickup trucks); this works well in
               | conjunction with the USA's low business taxes.
               | 
               | Then there's "hacks" like shipping goods to a country
               | that has lower tariffs with the USA, then using cheap
               | local labor to do the bare minimum to have the goods
               | considered to be produced there. There are some obvious
               | good choices here, supposing the country's leadership is
               | willing to play ball into the ninth inning.
               | 
               | So it's not a given that that long-term effects are
               | increased domestic production. It's just as likely to be
               | a siphon of prosperity and a impediment to wealth
               | generation since it will be hard to start companies in
               | the USA that export products.
        
               | rafaelmn wrote:
               | > What incentive does a company have to move a billion
               | dollar facility to the USA when it will face reciprocal
               | tariffs on any exported goods from the USA?
               | 
               | Access to the richest single market in the world ?
        
               | hnaccount_rng wrote:
               | But that only works if you compare the US with other
               | single countries. The EEA is similar to the US, China
               | will be larger than the US, India will be larger than the
               | US. Any of those combine and you loose by a factor of 2,
               | etc
        
               | rafaelmn wrote:
               | EEA, despite decades of EU efforts, is not a single
               | market. China and India are nowhere near in terms of
               | purchasing power or individual consumption and won't be
               | for decades.
        
               | davedx wrote:
               | > EEA, despite decades of EU efforts, is not a single
               | market.
               | 
               | Huh? It really is. There's free trade and free movement
               | of labour. How is it not a single market?
        
               | Jensson wrote:
               | Language barriers.
        
               | rafaelmn wrote:
               | We have 24 official languages, regulations/legal systems
               | vary from county to county and we don't even have a
               | common currency.
               | 
               | It's a lot better than having to deal with each county
               | individually but still way more overhead than US.
        
               | hnaccount_rng wrote:
               | But we don't have tariff regimes. That what a common
               | market means. It doesn't mean that you can sell the same
               | product to everyone. It just means that you can move that
               | product everywhere. And even the regulatory regime is
               | overwhelmingly European (that's why you get manuals in 20
               | languages)
        
               | bgnn wrote:
               | US is as scattered with ecery state having their own
               | legislation.
        
               | jorvi wrote:
               | Not currently in Germany.
               | 
               | amazon.de _click_ 28cm lightweight bike wheel _click_
               | Order _click_.
               | 
               | Well what do you know, you're a big fat liar :)
        
               | liuliu wrote:
               | That's not going to be true after your facilities are
               | built.
        
               | dns_snek wrote:
               | Tariffs aren't bans. They still have access to the US
               | market, US consumers are just forced to pay higher taxes
               | for these goods.
        
               | rafaelmn wrote:
               | It's government eating into your margins - unless there's
               | no domestic substitutes.
        
               | bgirard wrote:
               | > Access to the richest single market in the world ?
               | 
               | How long do they stay the richest single market in the
               | world if rest of the global world are producing and
               | trading at greater efficiency while the US are facing
               | large short term supply disruptions, higher costs and
               | reciprocal trading tariffs on their exports?
        
               | saturn8601 wrote:
               | The majority of countries have a negative birth rate. The
               | US is doing "OK" (stopping immigration is why I put it in
               | quotes).
               | 
               | This is going to catch up to most countries very soon.
               | The US will be in a small group of the ones last
               | standing.
        
               | daveguy wrote:
               | I don't think quotes are the appropriate modifier to
               | adjust for the damage from draconian and short-sighted
               | immigration policy. Past tense use of the verb is
               | probably more appropriate since countries are issuing do-
               | not-travel warnings against the US (for the first time
               | ever?). This administration is arrogant fools all the way
               | down. I hope the messages sent by the electorate in 2026
               | and 2028 are loud enough and the brain drain is still
               | reversible.
        
               | reverendsteveii wrote:
               | How do you think economic turmoil is going to affect the
               | birth rate in the US and how do you justify labelling a
               | birth rate that's been below replacement for 18 years as
               | "OK"?
        
               | lovich wrote:
               | If the US is planning on stopping the thing that made
               | them OK in the first place, why do you think they would
               | be OK after?
               | 
               | That's also before you get into the fact that stopping
               | immigration into the US doesn't make those people
               | disappear * , they'll immigrate to other countries or
               | stay home may very well cause some countries with a
               | declining population to stop or reverse that trend
               | 
               | * Not en masse anyways, that's come later as more of a
               | final solution
        
               | Breza wrote:
               | If these tariffs continue for 30 years, it's hard to know
               | if we'd still be the largest single market in the world.
        
               | mystified5016 wrote:
               | The answer to your conjecture is simple Darwinist
               | capitalism.
               | 
               | By whatever mechanism, imports are now more expensive,
               | leading to less demand. Demand for those products
               | actually stays constant, but the demand for imports goes
               | down.
               | 
               | Now we have a niche. If you can produce a good locally
               | for less than the net cost of import, you have an entire
               | continent ready to buy from you.
               | 
               | The reason this has historically gone the other way is
               | labor costs. Factoring the entire global supply chain
               | into your product, it makes _much_ more sense to do the
               | work in a country where work costs less. If the
               | additional cost to import is less than the delta on
               | labor, you 've won capitalism or something.
               | 
               | Or, take another angle. If the US can no longer import
               | vital goods, what do you think will happen? Will the
               | goods magically stop being vital? Will we sit on our
               | hands for several decades and wait for the problem to
               | resolve?
               | 
               | Or does the market respond to a need and rearrange itself
               | to provide as profitably as possible?
        
               | saturn8601 wrote:
               | You are ignoring the 'Optimus' angle. Maybe Elon's stupid
               | robot can actually do something and he has been
               | whispering this into Trump's ear. That would take care of
               | the labor cost issue. Lets see what happens.
        
               | daveguy wrote:
               | Hahahaha. Wait. Are you serious? Elon has been promising
               | all kinds of things AI that are "just around the corner"
               | for at least a decade now. It's always in the next year
               | or two. There is no chance they cracked autonomous robots
               | with those puppet bots they were showing off not long
               | ago.
        
               | egypturnash wrote:
               | Leaving only the "there is nobody who can afford to buy
               | anything because there are no jobs left" issue.
               | 
               | If you reply with "but surely BASIC INCOME" then I must
               | ask, what are you personally doing to help make that
               | happen?
        
               | HeyImAlex wrote:
               | It seems insanely risky to attempt to fill a niche that
               | only opened up because of these tariffs. If they're
               | removed, congrats you just spent a bunch of capital to
               | make a factory that is suddenly no longer competitive.
        
               | saturn8601 wrote:
               | >The calculus is pretty complicated. Economies of scale
               | become a factor - is one large global factory more
               | efficient than separate regional facilities? Also income
               | disparities; Americans can more afford to pay a 25%
               | premium on a good than most of the rest of the world can;
               | so maybe you just make Americans pay more. Or, maybe you
               | do both, have a world-wide facility and a American
               | facility, but still charge Americans the tariff premium,
               | and pocket the 25% as profit instead (steel producers
               | model; also pickup trucks); this works well in
               | conjunction with the USA's low business taxes.
               | 
               | 25% margins are huge. Sounds like that margin is someone
               | else's opportunity....which is exactly what the
               | Administration hopes will happen.
               | 
               | There is an opportunity here: Cozy up to Trump, have him
               | give you a ton of government money and spin up a company
               | that will take those margins.
        
               | grey-area wrote:
               | It is an interesting and somewhat macabre parlor game to
               | play at a large gathering of one's acquaintances: to
               | speculate who in a showdown would go Nazi. By now, I
               | think I know.
               | 
               | https://harpers.org/archive/1941/08/who-goes-nazi/
        
               | lovich wrote:
               | That was an interesting read, thank you for the link
        
               | giarc wrote:
               | Wait 3.5 years? Look at the situation with Canada, you
               | might just need to wait 3.5 days when he changes his mind
               | and reverses the tariffs for some reason. The uncertainty
               | must drive manufacturers nuts.
        
               | A4ET8a8uTh0_v2 wrote:
               | I think this, more than anything else, has been the real
               | issue ( and I even think there was a recent Marketwatch
               | article that basically said the same thing ): 'erratic
               | decision making process'. There is an argument to be made
               | about the direction of the policy, but the crazy back and
               | forth, where it is not entirely clear 'who/how/why' and
               | so on that people who do have to make decisions about
               | future moves are left guessing. No one likes uncertainty.
        
               | ojbyrne wrote:
               | I think there's going to be a major reallocation of
               | corporate contributions over to the other party so they
               | can fix this in less than two years via impeachment.
        
               | Animats wrote:
               | > If the tariffs remained in effect for three decades, or
               | more, there may have been incentive to move manufacturing
               | back to the US;
               | 
               | That's the European Union, with no tariffs within the EU,
               | moderately high tariffs at the EU border, and few policy
               | shocks. The EU plugs along, with somewhat protected
               | industries, moderately high prices, good quality, and
               | some export business.
        
               | rstuart4133 wrote:
               | > moderately high tariffs at the EU border,
               | 
               | I've this assertion made here multiple times. The LLM's
               | tell me the average tariff on goods coming into the EU is
               | 2-3%. That's not what I would call "high". The tariffs
               | imposed by the current USA administration start at 10%,
               | and range up to 54% for nation it imports most from
               | (China). Now that's what I would call "high", although if
               | you are going to call 2-3% moderately high then you need
               | a better superlative - perhaps "extreme".
        
               | wesapien wrote:
               | The US has a very high standard of living as a whole. In
               | order for it to compete with others, it must become "as
               | poor" as others. You simply can't undermine your trading
               | partners and not disrupt your privilege as the global
               | reserve status.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | Why is "global reserve status" more important than
               | building stuff?
        
               | wesapien wrote:
               | It's only one of the key levers of power of the USA. No
               | biggie. You give people money represented by paper but
               | mostly bits/bytes in exchange for other peoples materials
               | and labor. Can you unpack what kind of stuff you're
               | talking about? Are we talking about nascent industries?
               | This stuff, who are you going to sell it to ?
        
               | reverendsteveii wrote:
               | Even if tariffs remained for decades reciprocal tariffs
               | mean that no matter where you're located you pay a
               | penalty when you buy manufacturing inputs and when you
               | sell outputs.
        
               | jerkstate wrote:
               | Leaders from both parties in US government agree that
               | global trade needs to be rebalanced behind closed doors;
               | I have videos of Pelosi and Schumer supporting tariffs to
               | balance trade deficits with China specifically. For all
               | of the talk about "reserve currency" it doesn't really
               | seem like sitting back and doing nothing will prevent
               | global trade in RMB, euro, or some BRICS currency, which
               | is increasing every year. So if we're going to get to
               | that state eventually anyways, might as well start
               | preparing for it now.
               | 
               | For all of the whining about the previous tariffs from
               | the first Trump term, or the TCJA, neither were repealed
               | when democrats had the opportunity, although there were
               | small adjustments. That should really tell you all that
               | you need to know.
               | 
               | It turns out that manufacturing jobs are better for
               | supporting a family than service jobs, hollowing out our
               | economy so there are far less good paying manufacturing
               | jobs turned out to be a huge mistake, originally pushed
               | by CFR, Cato, Brookings, etc. so the only people who are
               | doing well are the rich, because the benefits of global
               | trade accrue almost exclusively to them (although many
               | CPI advocates will make the argument that you're better
               | off now because you can own a nice cell phone even though
               | you can't own a house)
               | 
               | The public BSing goes the other way too of course.
               | Imagine getting worked up over classified stuff on a
               | private email server and then letting your cabinet use
               | signal and Gmail.
        
               | wesapien wrote:
               | https://x.com/_PeterRyan/status/1907879785151475801
               | Protectionism is like child rearing. You're trying to
               | protect the young (industry) so they survive to
               | adulthood. The tarrifs are too broad. How the hell are
               | you going to sell goods from HCOL area to the rest of the
               | less affluent world? Even if some countries could afford
               | it, how are you going to get goods across burned bridges?
        
               | lovich wrote:
               | > It turns out that manufacturing jobs are better for
               | supporting a family than service jobs,
               | 
               | Why? I hear this implied, or outright said in your case,
               | frequently with no backing for it. It seems like a
               | truism.
        
               | rtkwe wrote:
               | Even if we did keep the tariffs long enough to reshore
               | there's so many problems:
               | 
               | 1) The resulting industries are only viable under the
               | tariff regime so we have to keep it forever or until the
               | production costs somehow equalize.
               | 
               | 2) Who's going to work all these new jobs with the plan
               | of reducing immigration drastically or practically
               | eliminating it? We're only at 4.1% unemployment today.
               | Are we supposed to baby boom our way to enough workers?
               | While costs are jacked through the roof due to the
               | tariffs?
        
               | WeylandYutani wrote:
               | "incentive to move manufacturing back to the US"
               | 
               | Only for the internal market. America will never again
               | manufacture steel or cars for the rest of the world. The
               | days of America being the factory of the world (which
               | really only lasted a few decades) are forever gone.
        
             | rayiner wrote:
             | Look, this is basic economic theory. The kinds of taxes you
             | levy alter primary behavior. You tax the things you don't
             | want and don't tax the things you want. So looking at
             | incidence of taxation (who pays the tax) isn't enough. You
             | need to look at how taxes alter economic incentives.
        
             | Jtsummers wrote:
             | > How much all the imports are realistically going to be
             | made in the US?
             | 
             | For some of the hardest hit locations, very little. The US
             | would have to invade and claim other countries to start
             | producing, for instance, vanilla or coffee (the US
             | essentially doesn't produce vanilla, and for coffee we grow
             | less than a percent of what we consume). But Madagascar got
             | hit with 47% tariffs.
        
               | lovich wrote:
               | That has an easy solution when you take into account the
               | land he's also demanding we acquire
        
           | jollyllama wrote:
           | > However, by imposing tariffs it is not the privileged who
           | are going to be affected the most. The pain is felt most by
           | the low-skill workers you mentioned earlier.
           | 
           | I don't think this is necessarily true. 1 day into tariffs
           | and things are probably the same for the low-skill workers.
           | So far, the stockholders are the ones taking a beating. Sure,
           | that includes some low income retirees, but for the working
           | poor, I would bet that proportionally they consume fewer
           | foreign made goods. They're not drinking imported booze.
        
             | HDThoreaun wrote:
             | Everything at Walmart is about to be 34% more expensive but
             | you think the rich are hurt more than the poor?
        
               | jollyllama wrote:
               | Yes, in as much as it can be true for anything, because
               | they make their money from poor people spending.
               | 
               | Edit: as a follow up, you can basically think of this as
               | the "Monkeys Reject Unequal Pay" experiment as
               | implemented by those who are averse to socialism. If
               | you're already poor, tanking the economy hurts you less
               | than it hurts those who are benefitting.
        
               | Jensson wrote:
               | Stock market went down a lot. And no, not everything at
               | Walmart goes up 34%, food is not imported from China etc,
               | most of the stuff poor people spend money on like home
               | and food and used cars and services wont go up that much.
        
               | HDThoreaun wrote:
               | Stock market is down 10%. Unless you're gambling with
               | leverage you're fine. Much of our food is imported.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > food is not imported from China
               | 
               | No, but components used everywhere from agriculture to
               | transportation to producing food products from raw
               | agricultural output _are_ imported from China.
        
               | Jensson wrote:
               | But that doesn't make food 35% more expensive.
        
           | nurettin wrote:
           | Taxing the rich is wishful thinking. They don't just give up
           | wealth. They will simply look at it as an additional cost and
           | hike the prices of their products up causing more inflation
           | and that means even more trade deficit.
        
         | mistrial9 wrote:
         | this glib analysis neglects the part where decades of plans and
         | budgets have been addressing " build out social systems" while
         | simultaneously building crony networks of political appointees,
         | guarding the hen house. Short term pain is loudly announced for
         | the purpose of defeating the political opponent, not addressing
         | the long standing inefficiencies in a swollen and obese wealth
         | exchange centered in the USA.
         | 
         | tons of cynical one-liners from partisans drown out efforts to
         | really examine the impacts over medium and long term. A
         | horrible problem with this move is that it is not entirely
         | wrong from a fundamentals point of view? It certainly creates
         | winners and losers, no question about it.
        
           | wesapien wrote:
           | The political class and plutocrats always wins regardless of
           | the election outcome. The two party system guarantees they
           | come out unscathed regardless of their jousting.
        
         | api wrote:
         | > for the government to lower the cost of high-quality
         | education
         | 
         | Devils advocate point, and one nobody wants to talk about: what
         | if everyone can't be a high-skill employee?
         | 
         | Imagine if the highest earning jobs required immense physical
         | endurance and strength. Nobody would argue that everyone can do
         | that. It would be obvious that only a subset of people are
         | capable of doing those jobs. For some reason, with intellectual
         | labor, we are able to pretend that there is no threshold and
         | everyone can do it. It's an idea that makes people feel good
         | but what if it's just not true? Can everyone be made above
         | average in something with enough education?
         | 
         | If we're creating an economy where decent jobs only exist for
         | people in the top ~20% of the ability curve, how do we handle
         | that? How do we maintain a democracy? Sometimes people float
         | the idea of UBI, but that could turn out extremely dystopian
         | with a huge underclass of UBI-collecting people in a state of
         | hopelessness and boredom. That doesn't work much better for
         | democracy than a huge underclass of under-employed and
         | unemployed people.
         | 
         | To make matters worse: the fact that our past strategy works so
         | well for increasing GDP means it it tends to inflate assets,
         | including things like housing prices. The end result is a
         | country that looks, to more than half its inhabitants, like a
         | vacation town where outside capital inflates the cost of
         | everything way above what local wages can support. It might not
         | be a coincidence that San Francisco, New York, and other
         | capitals of high margin high skill industries have real estate
         | prices that lock ordinary people out of even "starter homes."
         | 
         | I absolutely do not support Trump's _execution_ here -- it 's
         | ham-fisted, reckless, and badly thought out. If we are exiting
         | this neoliberal model, Trump's exit from it is a little bit
         | like Biden's exit from Afghanistan. Still it is obvious to me
         | that the current system is _not_ working for more than half of
         | Americans. It 's _fantastic_ for the top ~20% or so and leaves
         | everyone else behind.
         | 
         | We can't keep doing that if we want a democracy. If we exclude
         | 50-80% of the population from anything meaningful or any
         | economic stability, we will get one of two things. Either we'll
         | get the kind of totalitarian state that is required to maintain
         | that kind of inequality in perpetuity, or we will get a string
         | of revolutions or a failed state. People will not just sit
         | around in hopelessness forever. Eventually they will be
         | recruited by demagogues. Ironically Trump has been one of the
         | most effective at this. I'm sure more will eventually show up
         | though. There's a big market for them.
        
           | ckemere wrote:
           | I've reflected that resource extraction jobs often end up in
           | the high wage / low educational investment category, and I've
           | wondered if that motivates the whole "annex Greenland" bit as
           | much as "securing critical resources" does...
        
           | nyarlathotep_ wrote:
           | > Devils advocate point, and one nobody wants to talk about:
           | what if everyone can't be a high-skill employee?
           | 
           | Agree with this.
           | 
           | Also, what if there's just not a need for it?
           | 
           | Even if "everyone" in some abstract sense is capable of
           | "high-skill" jobs, how many are _really_ needed? Look at
           | software jobs alone and the onslaught that is the current
           | labor market.
           | 
           | I think there's nowhere near enough "work" ("real" or
           | otherwise) to go around to maintain the level of employment
           | necessary to support the population that we have at the costs
           | that we have.
           | 
           | I don't think any sort of "UBI" (assuming you mean direct
           | cash payments) is a realistic solution, either. People need
           | to "work" in some organized fashion to avoid the common
           | negative outcomes associated with "welfare" scenarios.
           | 
           | I legitimately, unironically, support the kinds of "fake"
           | jobs that were prevalent in years' past (day in the life
           | TikToks come to mind, Gov jobs where people send three emails
           | a week, etc).
           | 
           | I guess in another sense I do support "UBI", as long as it's
           | paired with the illusion of "work."
           | 
           | I understand this seems nonsensical, but just from practical
           | experience it makes total sense to me.
           | 
           | Here's an example.
           | 
           | Years back I worked a software gig at a large non-"tech" F500
           | company. Much of the programming work there was extremely
           | dull--occasional maintenance of large barely functional
           | enterprise Java messes, writing a few SQL queries a week for
           | wretched multi-table joins requiring all sorts of nasty
           | casting and hacks as "normalization" was an alien concept to
           | the original author and the like. Realistically, folks worked
           | on this stuff perhaps 10 hours a week?
           | 
           | Anyway, I know a few people hit with a layoff that worked
           | there a long time (decade+) and now they're back in the
           | Thunderdome looking for work as "developers". The people in
           | question are nearing retirement but presumably not there, for
           | one reason or another.
           | 
           | Hows this going to work for them? I'm not denigrating them,
           | but having worked with these folks, they're not going to be
           | tearing into broken pipelines, adding React components,
           | configuring Docker builds or whatever--there's a skill
           | mismatch and the workload I've seen at roles lately is just
           | so far beyond the pace, scope, and "scale" that there's no
           | way they'd make it, if they can even get an interview at all.
           | 
           | In this example, would it be best to give them "UBI"
           | payments, or some other slow near-sinecure where they have
           | dignity?
           | 
           | Maybe I'm just soft.
        
             | intelVISA wrote:
             | I'm of a similar mindset, just look how many software
             | adjacent roles are basically UBI already.
             | 
             | With DOGE the US seems to moving backwards, cutting down on
             | gov busywork for what self-defeating purpose? They just end
             | up flooding the market, or worse, sabotaging productive
             | teams with their meetings and ceremonies.
        
               | judahmeek wrote:
               | Pretty ironic, considering that Elon Musk supports UBI.
        
             | AnthonyMouse wrote:
             | > I don't think any sort of "UBI" (assuming you mean direct
             | cash payments) is a realistic solution, either. People need
             | to "work" in some organized fashion to avoid the common
             | negative outcomes associated with "welfare" scenarios.
             | 
             | That's actually the point of a UBI.
             | 
             | The problem with existing welfare programs is that they're
             | a poverty trap. If you have no job or a very low paying
             | job, you get benefits. If you make any more money at all,
             | you lose the benefits, and simultaneously you lose the time
             | and expenses of taking the job. If that means you e.g. have
             | to buy a car to go to work, taking a job causes you to
             | _lose_ money. Sometimes you lose money even before your
             | working expenses because overlapping benefits phase outs
             | can consume more than 100% of marginal income.
             | 
             | With a UBI, the amount you get is only the amount you need
             | to avoid starvation and homelessness, but you get that
             | amount _unconditionally_. If you can find any work at all,
             | you get the UBI _and_ your wages, instead of getting your
             | wages _instead of_ welfare programs. Which allows you to
             | work, even if you 're only qualified to do low paying jobs,
             | without being put in a worse position than you'd have been
             | if you just stayed on welfare.
        
           | keybored wrote:
           | This is the kind of side debates you get by framing it as
           | "low-skill" versus "high-skill". Whether the "~20% of the
           | ability" curve should help the poors from their apparent
           | attraction to demagogues.
        
           | fifilura wrote:
           | > Devils advocate point, and one nobody wants to talk about:
           | what if everyone can't be a high-skill employee?
           | 
           | You still need education to become a nurse, caregiver, welder
           | or kindergarten teacher. And the right subsidies (free
           | education) allows people to make the switch.
        
           | egypturnash wrote:
           | > Imagine if the highest earning jobs required immense
           | physical endurance and strength. Nobody would argue that
           | everyone can do that. It would be obvious that only a subset
           | of people are capable of doing those jobs.
           | 
           | "pfff it's easy-peasy, just go attend a (literal) bootcamp,
           | you'll be fine, anyone can do it"
           | 
           | ----
           | 
           | > Still it is obvious to me that the current system is not
           | working for more than half of Americans. It's fantastic for
           | the top ~20% or so and leaves everyone else behind.
           | 
           | god yes
           | 
           | The elephant in the room here: _there is no money for anyone
           | not in the top20%_ , it all goes into their pockets and they
           | just _sit_ on it, leaving only scraps for everyone else, _tax
           | the rich_ , anyone with more than x% of the median amount of
           | wealth should have everything above that _taken away and
           | redistributed to everyone_ , possibly by means such as
           | UBI/welfare/etc!
           | 
           | But we ain't gonna get any of that without revolution. And
           | honestly it feels like Trump's getting us closer and closer
           | to the brink of that.
        
           | rangestransform wrote:
           | Will the US be able to survive as a superpower while severely
           | cutting down the top 20%'s standard of living? They could
           | simply defect somewhere that offers them a similar position
           | in society as the US, similar to what the US has done to the
           | rest of the world.
        
           | AnthonyMouse wrote:
           | > If we're creating an economy where decent jobs only exist
           | for people in the top ~20% of the ability curve, how do we
           | handle that?
           | 
           | The most important thing here is to do something about the
           | cost of living, i.e. the price of necessities.
           | 
           | Housing isn't _inherently_ as expensive as it is in the US,
           | it 's made that way on purpose. Healthcare likewise. If you
           | only make $25,000/year and housing is $20,000/year and
           | healthcare is $12,500/year, you're screwed. If you only make
           | $25,000/year and housing is $10,000/year and healthcare is
           | $5000/year, you're not.
        
         | ein0p wrote:
         | > lower the cost of high-quality education
         | 
         | And how do you propose we do that? By giving schools even more
         | money at taxpayer's expense?
         | 
         | > raising taxes at the high end
         | 
         | 40.1% of US taxpayers on the low end of income distribution pay
         | no income tax, 16.5% pay neither income nor payroll taxes. Top
         | 1% pays 40.4% of all income tax (while holding about 30.8% of
         | net worth, 13.8% of the total is held by top 0.1%). Top 1%
         | (with the possible exception of a few billionaires) already
         | pays through their nose.
        
           | matthewdgreen wrote:
           | Funding public universities and giving them the mission to
           | keep tuition costs low. Public universities are capable of
           | providing enormous value to students, but over the past two
           | decades their funding has been substantially cut. The result
           | is that those schools became more reliant on expensive out-
           | of-state tuition, which in turn means competing with private
           | institutions for students, which in turn means building more
           | luxuries (awesome gyms) and not focusing on value for money.
        
             | ein0p wrote:
             | So, giving even more taxpayer money to the education
             | cartel, then. Got it. Good luck with that. Over the past
             | several decades staffing in administrative positions has
             | exponentially ballooned all across the education system,
             | starting with grade schools, while academic metrics moved
             | in the opposite direction. Now the question is, do we
             | continue setting even more taxpayer money on fire, or is
             | there a better way?
        
           | supplied_demand wrote:
           | ==40.1% of US taxpayers on the low end of income distribution
           | pay no income tax==
           | 
           | According to 2022 IRS data, average deductions for those who
           | itemized totaled $43,686 in tax year 2022 [0]. The 2022
           | bottom two quintiles of income were under $44k [1]. That
           | means in 2022 rich people AND poor people didn't pay income
           | taxes on their first $45k of income. Is that unfair to rich
           | people?
           | 
           | Worth noting, the 25 richest Americans paid an average
           | effective tax rate of 13%, as of 2018 when IRS data was
           | leaked [2].
           | 
           | ==Top 1% (with the possible exception of a few billionaires)
           | already pays through their nose.==
           | 
           | "While average effective tax rates barely changed in the US
           | from 1945 to 2015, the average tax rates of high-income
           | households fell sharply--from about 50 percent to 25 percent
           | for the highest income 0.01 percent and from about 40 percent
           | to about 25 percent for the top 1 percent." [3]
           | 
           | If the average effective rate hasn't changed, but the
           | effective rate paid by the top 1% has fallen by ~40%, how is
           | the difference made up? The 99% pay more.
           | 
           | [0] https://www.pgpf.org/article/7-key-charts-on-tax-breaks/
           | 
           | [1] https://data.census.gov/table/ACSDT1Y2022.B19081?q=income
           | +qu...
           | 
           | [2] https://www.propublica.org/article/you-may-be-paying-a-
           | highe...
           | 
           | [3] https://taxpolicycenter.org/taxvox/effective-income-tax-
           | rate...
        
           | CrimsonCape wrote:
           | What people don't discuss about the taxation is that rich
           | people will universally pundit, preach, undermine, subvert,
           | and squirm out of any law to tax themselves more. If you are
           | preaching more taxes thinking it will affect the politically
           | well-connected, it will be unwound and castrated by the
           | politically well-connected. Or just deflected into somebody
           | else's responsibility.
           | 
           | In that case, someone else is going to be holding the bill
           | that you might not have intended.
           | 
           | I hate discussion of percentages, because every percentage
           | seems reasonable by itself. It's the summation of the
           | percentages that politicians have no interest in discussing.
           | 
           | In fact, it should be a requirement of government to sum the
           | percentages of federal,state,medicare,social security, sales,
           | resort, fuel, local levies, internet sales into one effective
           | percentage that a given citizen in a given city has to pay.
           | 
           | Has anyone calculated that number for themselves? I've been
           | collecting all my transactions and taxes to figure out what
           | percentage of my income actually goes to taxes.
        
         | huevosabio wrote:
         | > the upside of this system is felt by the entrepreneurs,
         | investors and high-skill employees in tech and finance, while
         | the downside is concentrated with low-skill workers whose jobs
         | are offshored to lower wage countries.
         | 
         | This is true only if we impose barriers to geographic mobility,
         | which we do via artificial scarcity of housing in our major
         | cities.
         | 
         | If we produced housing like we did cars, all the "low-skill"
         | people would be able to move to the city and find a job in the
         | many other services that require human labor.
         | 
         | > the government to lower the cost of high-quality education,
         | build out social systems, and invest into onshoring select
         | strategic industries by raising taxes at the high end.
         | 
         | We don't need more high-quality education nor do we need to
         | onshore. We need to deregulate the housing market, we make it
         | easier to migrate to the US (funny enough, yes that would help
         | with inequality). And I do agree we need better social systems.
         | 
         | There is no way to frame this admin's policies that makes it
         | look reasonable. It's a Crony Clown Club show.
        
           | frumplestlatz wrote:
           | > If we produced housing like we did cars, all the "low-
           | skill" people would be able to move to the city and find a
           | job in the many other services that require human labor.
           | 
           | Why would they want to do that? Their priorities are myriad,
           | but raising a family, having a degree of autonomy and space
           | to themselves, and remaining a part of their community are
           | all generally on the list.
           | 
           | What's generally not on the list is living in a tiny rabbit
           | hutch, owning nothing, working a dead-end service job, trying
           | to raise a family in a city (or just not trying at all), and
           | paying a higher price for the privilege.
        
         | MichaelMoser123 wrote:
         | Thanks for your comment, it explains why there seems to be a
         | high degree of support for these measures in some quarters (was
         | looking at the youtube comments to the liberation day speech)
         | vs the consensus here at HN.
         | 
         | Let's suppose these policies are to the benefit of some
         | Americans over other the benefit of other Americans. The open
         | question now is: does it matter? does it really have an
         | influence on the gross profit numbers? Will an isolationist
         | foreign policy destroy the international order and how could
         | this effect the US in return?
        
         | bill_joy_fanboy wrote:
         | > It's true that free trade is hugely beneficial to the US
         | economy as a whole, particularly with the USD being the reserve
         | currency.
         | 
         | It's true that free trade is hugely beneficial to large cap
         | U.S. companies and their shareholders.
         | 
         | If you are U.S. worker without a lot of equity in the market
         | all you notice is that your job gets outsourced.
        
           | elcritch wrote:
           | This "free money" also inflates housing prices. It's one
           | application of "trickle down economics" that works; except
           | it's housing prices.
           | 
           | Even for highly paid Silicon Valley engineers what does it
           | matter if much of that money goes right back to landlords?
        
         | jerrygenser wrote:
         | This is a regressive tax that hurts low skill and low wage
         | workers proportionately more since basic necessities of life
         | are going to increase in price - it will be a much larger share
         | of wallet than rich. This will not materially change purchasing
         | behavior of very rich (save maybe waiting to buy a car due to
         | increased pricecs)
         | 
         | It would be beneficial to increase taxes on the massive service
         | economy and use the proceeds to subsidize lower wage
         | industries.
         | 
         | In trumps first term after tariffs affected farmers, they had
         | to subisidize them to keep them afloat. It didn't quite work
         | the way it was intended. The trade war relief program in the
         | first term spent $30bn keeping farmers afloat.
        
         | honkycat wrote:
         | > As such, this administration's policies are foolish, but many
         | on this very site would need to give up a little bit of their
         | privilege to reduce the pain felt by many of their fellow
         | citizens.
         | 
         | Very few people who work as full-time devs are so wealthy that
         | they are totally insulated from general social decline.
        
         | waffletower wrote:
         | As a highly skilled and comparatively highly paid worker, I
         | feel it is outrageous to suggest that I am within the class
         | that needs to give up any reputed "wealth" when I am nowhere
         | near the 1% who hold more than 50% of it. Such a claim just
         | contributes to the wealth making of the 1% misers even more.
         | Class warfare! I have already had to give up significant
         | amounts of college and retirement savings from these tariffs.
        
         | AnthonyMouse wrote:
         | > The obvious solution is not to hurt the economy as a whole,
         | but rather for the government to lower the cost of high-quality
         | education, build out social systems, and invest into onshoring
         | select strategic industries by raising taxes at the high end.
         | 
         | You're proposing to tax an international supply chain. To tax
         | something it has to be in your jurisdiction to begin with, and
         | then you have several problems.
         | 
         | The most obvious of these is, what happens when the stuff just
         | isn't there anymore? Suppose the US isn't competitive with
         | China for manufacturing certain goods, e.g. because the US has
         | a higher cost of living as a result of a purposeful housing
         | shortage and then has higher labor costs, or for any other
         | reason. So manufacturing moves to China, not just to sell to
         | the US but also to sell to the domestic market in China and to
         | Europe and India and the rest of the world. No part of those
         | other transactions is in the US, so the US can't tax them and
         | use the money to help the people in the US who used to be doing
         | that manufacturing and selling those products to the rest of
         | the world. Whereas if you sustain domestic manufacturing
         | through some means then it exists and can make products to sell
         | to the rest of the world because the fixed costs of
         | establishing a manufacturing base can be covered by the
         | domestic market and then it only has to compete in the
         | international market on the basis of variable costs.
         | 
         | Next consider the industries where the US still makes stuff.
         | You could tax those things because they're still in the US. But
         | that makes the US less competitive in the global market for
         | investment capital, which is highly mobile. If higher US taxes
         | cause returns to be lower in the US than they are in other
         | countries then investors go invest in the other countries
         | instead, and then the thing stops being in the US. So that
         | doesn't really work. You can see this in the case of e.g.
         | Europe, which has even worse problems with the loss of
         | manufacturing than the US.
         | 
         | Which leaves the activity where it's the other half of the
         | transaction happening in the US, i.e. China is manufacturing
         | something but the customer is in the US. _That_ you could tax
         | without a huge risk of capital flight, because companies can
         | rarely change the location of their _customers_ , but that
         | still leaves you with two problems.
         | 
         | First, either of the countries participating in the transaction
         | could levy the tax. In the case of China, then _they_ can levy
         | a tax (or some tax-equivalent) to only such an extent that it
         | consumes the surplus in the transaction attributable to the
         | competitive advantage of their country. China can do this
         | because they have a lower cost of living etc., which doesn 't
         | work for the US. But because they do that, the US can't tax
         | that portion of the surplus, which was the gain from moving
         | manufacturing to China.
         | 
         | And second, a tax on imports is called a tariff. Which the US
         | _can_ impose to tax that portion of the transaction surplus
         | that isn 't attributable to the foreign country's cost
         | advantage, i.e. the preexisting transaction surplus where it
         | costs $8 to make something someone is willing to pay $10 for
         | regardless of where it was made. But tariffs are the thing you
         | don't like.
        
           | ckemere wrote:
           | OR use borrowing (e.g. current account deficit). If
           | government spending drives productivity growth then it's a
           | net positive?
           | 
           | OR tax wealth. If most return on international capital
           | investment is being stored in the US, taxing this effectively
           | taxes profits on international sales???
        
             | AnthonyMouse wrote:
             | > OR use borrowing (e.g. current account deficit). If
             | government spending drives productivity growth then it's a
             | net positive?
             | 
             | That's basically what already happens. The US has been
             | running a huge deficit for a while now.
             | 
             | It also requires government spending to be the spending
             | that drives productivity growth, which most of it isn't.
             | 
             | > OR tax wealth. If most return on international capital
             | investment is being stored in the US, taxing this
             | effectively taxes profits on international sales???
             | 
             | Why would they store the wealth in the US if the US had a
             | wealth tax? One of the biggest problems with a wealth tax
             | is that it has such a strong propensity to induce capital
             | flight.
             | 
             | It's also not just a question of how you structure the tax.
             | Wealth taxes are hard to avoid for things like real estate
             | (can't move it), easy to avoid for things like factories or
             | intellectual property (can easily move it), but the same is
             | true for other taxes that apply to those things. It's easy
             | to impose an income tax on rental income, so you don't need
             | a wealth tax for that. The hard thing is how to impose
             | _any_ tax on all the money the Saudis have without causing
             | them to just invest it in something else, possibly in some
             | other jurisdiction.
        
               | CMCDragonkai wrote:
               | It's possible that the US acquires what it wants by
               | simply conquering the producing countries by force. The
               | US gets back it's industrial base by force.
        
         | fifilura wrote:
         | > The obvious solution is not to hurt the economy as a whole,
         | but rather for the government to lower the cost of high-quality
         | education, build out social systems, and invest into onshoring
         | select strategic industries by raising taxes at the high end.
         | 
         | Like... Scandinavia?
        
           | JensRantil wrote:
           | As an example, yes.
        
           | AnthonyMouse wrote:
           | Scandinavia is using oil and gas reserves as a captive tax
           | base. It doesn't really generalize to markets where capital
           | is mobile.
        
             | fifilura wrote:
             | That is only Norway. Maybe a little bit of Denmark, but
             | Denmark is not considered an oil economy.
             | 
             | And I don't know what you mean with "captive tax base" but
             | Norway just piles up the wealth they are too afraid to use
             | it since it will increase the inflation.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | Norway is the one that actually makes it work. Their GDP
               | per capita is slightly higher than the US and more than
               | $30,000 higher than the other Scandinavian countries.
               | 
               | "Captive tax base" means the industry can't move to
               | another country as a result of high taxes. You can move
               | factory jobs to China by moving the factory. You can't
               | move oil and gas extraction jobs to China by moving the
               | oil field.
        
               | redeeman wrote:
               | and a basic sandwich costs 3x that of in denmark :)
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | That's the premise, isn't it? The local sandwich shop
               | owner, a small business, makes more money relative to the
               | global price of an iPhone or a solar panel so there is
               | less wealth inequality.
               | 
               | The only useful increase in equality is the one that
               | makes ordinary people better off. Making them poorer just
               | to spite the rich by a larger amount is absurd.
        
               | fifilura wrote:
               | The idea behind subsidising re-education is that it
               | benefits the society in the long run. I guess I have no
               | proof that it isn't what makes Scandinavian GDP/capita
               | lower.
        
             | lern_too_spel wrote:
             | That's just Norway.
        
           | paulddraper wrote:
           | Yes.
           | 
           | Scandinavia is the gold standard for liberals.
           | 
           | Unless you are talking about immigration, and then no one
           | ever heard of them.
        
         | solfox wrote:
         | > The obvious solution is not to hurt the economy as a whole,
         | but rather for the government to lower the cost of high-quality
         | education, build out social systems, and invest into onshoring
         | select strategic industries by raising taxes at the high end.
         | 
         | You are assuming that this administration has the same goals as
         | you, just different ("foolish") methods of arriving there. I'd
         | posit that they have very different goals that these methods
         | are solving for.
        
         | maxnevermind wrote:
         | Your problem statement is missing "national security" angle. As
         | I understand the current administration sees US de-
         | industrialization as a threat to it and tariffs as a soution.
        
         | solatic wrote:
         | > The obvious solution is... for the government to lower the
         | cost of high-quality education
         | 
         | Not everyone is smart enough to land in the professional class.
         | The US does its young population an enormous disservice by
         | pushing low academic performers to go to college. There _needs_
         | to be, somehow, a way for people to make a living with their
         | hands, because for some people, that is genuinely all they are
         | capable of.
         | 
         | > ... build out social systems...
         | 
         | The way you build out the social system is by enabling people
         | in the working class to find genuine work that produces value,
         | not some ditch-digging make-work government program. You don't
         | take those jobs away by offshoring them.
         | 
         | I'm not saying I'm against offshoring in general or that I
         | support Trump's tariffs - I don't. But it's not exactly
         | controversial to point out that, since the end of the Cold War,
         | the US prioritized the recommendations of economists over
         | social cohesion and socially harmonious policy. A lot of people
         | were thrown out of work and were left to fend for themselves.
         | Many of them ended up as victims of the opioid epidemic. I'm
         | not convinced that the prior system was completely peaches as
         | cream.
        
         | rayiner wrote:
         | You can't make everyone above average.
        
         | donatj wrote:
         | > The obvious solution is not to hurt the economy as a whole,
         | but rather for the government to lower the cost of high-quality
         | education
         | 
         | I'm always skeptical of the idea that we can just educate
         | ourselves out of problems.
         | 
         | As I see it, that would only raise people's wage expectations
         | which would make us even less competitive on a global market?
         | 
         | The need for blue collar workers doesn't just evaporate, and
         | there's frankly only a finite demand for white collar workers.
         | You give everyone expectations of a white collar job, and they
         | end up working blue collar because there's no job for them,
         | you're just setting society up for mass disappointment and
         | resentment.
         | 
         | You give your average blue collar worker today a degree, are
         | they actually more valuable to their current position? Probably
         | not.
        
       | yndoendo wrote:
       | Walton family, owners of Walmart, run the company by exploiting
       | the labor force and social safety nets like welfare. Walmart is
       | the largest company with the most employees on some sort of
       | welfare. Tax payers are propping up their stock. This allows them
       | to retain more of the profits versus sharing them and removing
       | their employees from the welfare system. None of their listed
       | actions have to do anything with globalization to retain their
       | wealth.
       | 
       | Taxing the wealth and redistributing helps. Saw this in the
       | 1950-1960s with building of new infrastructure to replace the
       | aging or expand the supply to offset the demand. Using the money
       | to pay for new training so lost jobs can be replaced where jobs
       | are needed helps too. Even the simple act of ending starvation in
       | children increases their intellect for the next generation and
       | helps support the future. This method will never be perfect.
       | These are band-aid solutions that have actual results.
       | 
       | Reality is that the inequality is a social problem masquerading
       | as an economic problem. Society has moved to from respecting
       | empathy and humanity to respecting greed and power. People mind
       | set is anchored to, "That person is quite wealthy so they should
       | be smart and some god must love them for it." Reality is that
       | person exploited a labor force to maximize their wealth. They are
       | not more intelligent nor does some god like them better. Look at
       | how many rich people fell for Elizabeth Holmes's blood testing
       | scam while a person that actually studies blood understands parts
       | per millions in looking for test markers. A vial of blood or more
       | is needed versus a drop.
       | 
       | Want to fix the system? Start looking at the wealthy with disgust
       | and damnation. Demonize them for being the driving force in
       | economic inequality. Move back to honoring and respecting empathy
       | and humanity. Real intelligent people have empty. It lets them be
       | placed in the shoes of others when they will never can experience
       | it themselves.
       | 
       | I would also caption the wealth gab in the USA as modern day
       | segregation. The world happiness index shows that equalizing the
       | rich and poor creates a better sociality. Respecting the wealth
       | and demonizing the poor is the complete inverse of a better
       | society and maximizes soar.
       | 
       | PS. Why do people think bulling trade partners will be
       | beneficial? Say you are store owner or product producer and you
       | keep trying to bully me to by your products. I will not and go
       | the competition, even with higher costs or deem the product or
       | service not worth it. I already started boycotting USA bourbon
       | manufacturers with their arrogant and bully statements during the
       | Tariff Wars.
       | 
       | Do good, demonize extreme wealth. Irony is so many GOOD
       | Christians even ignore Jesus's statement on this matter with
       | pretending Matthew 19:24 doesn't exist.
        
       | siliconc0w wrote:
       | The idea that a giant regressive tax, which these are, will help
       | the lower or middle class or do anything but kill demand and
       | destroy jobs is madness.
       | 
       | It also won't help the debt because even though we might collect
       | some money in the short term, the long term solution is we need
       | to grow our way out and these policies are recessionary.
        
       | ramshanker wrote:
       | The way I see it, it is more like a very-high initial negotiation
       | position. From here on, each country will be dealt with
       | individually. You accept our terms and get 5% discount on tariff
       | ! Every country has a set of red lines. Fewer the red lines
       | better they will be placed in one-to-one "trade agreements".
       | 
       | EDIT: Someone from white-house explicitly declined tariff to be a
       | negotiation. Next few days will be interesting.
        
       | SpaceManNabs wrote:
       | If Paul Graham is calling out conservatives for being driven
       | stuff other than data, then you know people are losing it lol.
       | 
       | Usually on here you see a bunch of apologia for when republicans
       | do inane economic policy and I am not seeing that bs on here for
       | once...
       | 
       | Guess Trump really wasn't the crypto, AI, chips, wtv you wanna
       | say president lmao. But nah all the naysayers just had TDS.
       | 
       | Guess Wall St and others are going to have to re-learn that sound
       | policy beats vibes.
        
       | uptownfunk wrote:
       | What most people don't see is that we are basically under "shadow
       | austerity" to correct for the not so hyperinflation we saw post
       | COVID.
       | 
       | It is a combination of post WW2 Britain (China is the US in that
       | analogy) - this helps to explain the Canada and Greenland issue;
       | and Volcker era stagflation economics. It will not get any better
       | in the short term, but there is likely to be substantial growth
       | in the long term as a result.
       | 
       | What that means is the fed likely won't reduce rates, and it may
       | reduce its rate decrease to 1 this year, if even that. It is
       | entirely possible the rate doesn't come down at all.
       | 
       | Expect Layoffs to come, as the fed doesn't seem to care about
       | unemployment as its target is on inflation. Many zirp era
       | businesses and funds will fail. Less cereal and eggs for the same
       | dollar.
       | 
       | I am really hoping we don't start to de-anchor from 2% inflation
       | as a result of all this. I wonder how various US infrastructure
       | projects can and will be financed. Reduction in entitlements.
       | Possibly some type of mandate to hold treasuries.
        
       | thuanao wrote:
       | Just like Trump said, he could shoot someone on the street and
       | the bootlickers here would still justify it.
        
         | SpaceManNabs wrote:
         | This thread is all you need to know that PG types are ok with
         | losing 10-50% of their equity's value as long as they can play
         | tribal politic games.
         | 
         | PG is on X every day pretty much going "Why is trump doing
         | this? There must be a reason!"
        
       | MichaelMoser123 wrote:
       | Naive question of a foreigner: I see a lot of approval on the
       | youtube comments to Trump's liberation day speech and over at
       | twitter. Now the consensus on HN is diametrically opposed. My
       | question: why do some people think that this is a good idea? Why
       | is there such a huge rift in US society and how do you plan to
       | bridge this gap?
        
         | SmellyPotato22 wrote:
         | This anecdotal, but I feel like YouTube applies a positive
         | sentiment filter to its all of its comments. Somehow on most
         | videos I watch never see anything critical at the top of the
         | comment section.
        
       | crawsome wrote:
       | You'd think that experts before this time would have considered
       | this already, and rejected it.
       | 
       | Every single move by Trump towards the world economy has always
       | been a bad one. Too bad to be mistakes.
       | 
       | They're not listening to the experts, and it's intentional.
        
       | codesnik wrote:
       | So, it already starts affecting stuff. I and 10 other recent
       | hires were cut today because our next round is in jeopardy. That
       | startup is in sales and hiring area, so it senses recession much
       | sooner than other industries, but there's that.
        
       | acd10j wrote:
       | Number one rule of combat is that you need a very good homegrown
       | industrial base. In order to be great country it needs to be
       | combat-ready. If you apply that lens, what Trump is doing will
       | start making sense. He is trying to revert globalisation and free
       | trade in order to make the USA manufacturing superpower again.
       | Not sure whether this will be successful or not, as China already
       | has an order of magnitude advantage in manufacturing.
        
       | jiveturkey wrote:
       | disastrous
        
       | SteelByte wrote:
       | This breakthrough in nuclear fusion energy is a significant
       | milestone, but it's important to remember that practical,
       | commercial-scale fusion power is still likely decades away.
       | Nonetheless, this achievement validates the massive investments
       | and brings us one step closer to a potentially transformative
       | carbon-free energy source.
        
       | jodacola wrote:
       | I'm an American. I've generally benefited from the system here
       | (which speaks to my privilege, of which I'm aware). I don't want
       | to wade into political battles, but I'm genuinely concerned for
       | my future and the future of my children from an economic
       | standpoint, based on where things seem to be going.
       | 
       | I am considering options on the spectrum with ends like:
       | 
       | * Staying here, because this is where I was born and raised and
       | I've felt like the country has generally taken care of me - and
       | hey, it can't stay bad forever, right?
       | 
       | * Leaving to another country, because I am feeling less and less
       | like the country's leadership care about building a society or
       | economy that tries to take care of its people and creates
       | incentives to innovate.
       | 
       | This isn't because of just the last few months; I view the last
       | few months as big symptoms of something more systemic that's been
       | building up. I am also not looking to jump ship quickly because
       | things "temporarily got hard."
       | 
       | On the flip side, I'm also feeling incredibly jaded these days:
       | how could it be much better anywhere else?
       | 
       | Are there places out in the world where my wife and I could take
       | our experience (mine being a strong career in tech, my wife's
       | being a strong nursing career) and put it to use elsewhere where
       | I could hope for a good standard of living, more stability in
       | government leadership, and incentives similar to the economic
       | system I grew up in, where our children could thrive and build a
       | life?
       | 
       | I'm not pulling any triggers quickly or easily... I'm just trying
       | to gather some data and different perspectives, even those that
       | might challenge my own. Maybe an answer is "stop reading news."
       | 
       | edit: formatting
        
         | dumbledoren wrote:
         | Yeah, go gentrify the locals in some lower-cost-of-living
         | country. You sure 'deserve' it because for some reason you have
         | a 'right' to just immigrate there and buy their housing and
         | sh*t from under their feet.
        
           | jodacola wrote:
           | I appreciate your frustration, dumbledoren. Your comment
           | speaks to perspectives I could expect to face in another
           | country - thank you.
           | 
           | I can only say my _personal_ intent isn 't that. I live a
           | simple life. My family has a small, old home. We garden, grow
           | our own food, and are respectful to our environment.
           | 
           | I prioritize supporting small, local businesses.
           | 
           | I wouldn't want to parachute into another country acting as
           | though I Know Better(tm) and bringing my "American
           | sensibilities" to another country.
           | 
           | If I were to leave the US, I see myself entering another
           | country, hat in hand, knowing fully I'm not better or
           | special, and it's _my_ job to adapt and to respect the
           | culture and country.
        
             | dumbledoren wrote:
             | > I can only say my personal intent isn't that. I live a
             | simple life.
             | 
             | And yet you will end up doing that when you move to such a
             | country. Regardless of your intentions.
             | 
             | > it's my job to adapt and to respect the culture and
             | country
             | 
             | Unfortunately respect and cultural adaptation do not
             | alleviate the effects of gentrification via housing costs
             | and cost of living.
             | 
             | It would be less of a problem only if you went to a country
             | and location that has a similar cost of living as where you
             | live now, but then again, that's not really on the table,
             | is it...
        
               | alpha_squared wrote:
               | > It would be less of a problem only if you went to a
               | country and location that has a similar cost of living as
               | where you live now, but then again, that's not really on
               | the table, is it...
               | 
               | This seems to be an assumption you made, but the poster
               | did not imply or state.
               | 
               | As someone in a similar mindset to the poster, I'm not
               | looking for lower CoL places, I'm looking for comparable
               | QoL places which ultimately points to Europe or Oceania.
               | We'd be paid dramatically less, which we're okay with,
               | but the QoL would be comparable (perhaps even better when
               | counting social services).
        
           | whiplash451 wrote:
           | What motivates such a rude answer? The parent is genuinely
           | exposing a personal question. Nothing in his post suggests
           | that he would go gentrify a low COL place.
        
         | testing22321 wrote:
         | If it continues on the current trajectory, literally all the
         | OECD countries will offer a better life than the US. In every
         | meaningful measure they already do
        
           | jodacola wrote:
           | Thank you, good information.
           | 
           | I've traveled a bit to some of the other OECD countries and
           | haven't felt any disparities in comfort and such while
           | traveling, but traveling and building a life and career are
           | two very different things.
        
         | whiplash451 wrote:
         | If I may: I would sit this out for a little while.
         | 
         | Moving with another partner to another country is a huge
         | undertaking.
         | 
         | Now, if this was in the back of your mind before, that's
         | another story.
        
           | jodacola wrote:
           | Heard. The thought of moving to another country is, honestly,
           | scary, like starting over, figuring out how to live and build
           | from from 0 again.
           | 
           | It's not just my partner, but also my kids I'm concerned
           | about. The idea of moving my whole family to another country
           | feels overwhelming, but it's a sacrifice I'm willing to make
           | if it means my children can have a chance at a good life,
           | versus what I'm starting to fear they'll experience here.
           | 
           | I appreciate the reminder of patience.
        
       | phtrivier wrote:
       | Side concern: how impactful must the tarrifs be to make a
       | noticable dent in global trend, and a noticable dent on climate
       | change ?
       | 
       | (I mean, it would not be noticed by the USA anymore, since
       | they're not into that whole "science" stuff, but I heard that
       | Europeans have learned how to make a couple satellites on the
       | side.)
        
       | andruby wrote:
       | How can companies, importers and ports even implement these
       | tariffs so quickly?
       | 
       | Do these tariffs go into effect immediately?
        
       | ofirtwo wrote:
       | Damn it was hard looking at my portfolio today... I hope thing's
       | change in the long run though
        
       | Quarrelsome wrote:
       | This is absolutely shocking. As these tariffs are reflective of
       | trade deficits this administration is taxing the cheapest sources
       | of goods for the American economy in proportion of volume.
       | 
       | This is economic handbrake territory. It will impact every
       | industry that imports goods (as well as many raw materials and
       | components) and will devestate many, if not all SMEs who rely on
       | importing goods to sell to local customers. Fashion retail in
       | particular and drop shippers will have to raise their prices
       | considerably.
       | 
       | While I imagine the ideas behind these tariffs have some sense of
       | justification, the numbers simply don't add up. Manufacturing
       | clothing in the US simply isn't viable at the sorts of scales for
       | mass consumption. For example, you can pick up Levis at Walmart
       | for around $25 that have been manufactured abroad. The Levi
       | Vintage run, which are made within the US, have prices starting
       | at $150. So all this will do is force people will less money to
       | spend an extra ~50% (or $12.5 in this case) on their jeans, as
       | this will still be cheaper than $150. Obviously to entirely
       | succeed at the supposed aim would to create a world where all
       | jeans cost $150 and this would simply mean that most people would
       | not be able to afford jeans.
        
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