[HN Gopher] Why Are Credit Card Rates So High?
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       Why Are Credit Card Rates So High?
        
       Author : Vox_Leone
       Score  : 29 points
       Date   : 2025-04-01 22:26 UTC (33 minutes ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (libertystreeteconomics.newyorkfed.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (libertystreeteconomics.newyorkfed.org)
        
       | matt3210 wrote:
       | If everyone suddenly developed self-discipline with money over
       | night, the need for credit cards would disappear. Emergency use?
       | replace emergency credit card with emergency savings and a bit of
       | self discipline. Buy now pay later? wait until later.
        
         | ronsor wrote:
         | > Buy now pay later? wait until later.
         | 
         | Yeah, except the sale for whatever you buy may expire before
         | "later" comes. You'd save more money purchasing now and paying
         | off the credit card a week or two later in that case. It's not
         | always as simple as you describe.
        
           | Animats wrote:
           | There will be another sale. Probably pretty soon.
        
           | rlpb wrote:
           | So pass and wait for a sale to occur when you actually have
           | the money. Since you save overall, you only have to go
           | through the pain of waiting just once, hopefully in your
           | youth. After that, your savings on the last purchase (in not
           | paying interest) pays for the next purchase, every time,
           | given the same purchasing habits.
        
         | BugsJustFindMe wrote:
         | There are other considerations that need to be fixed first.
         | Fraud protection has historically been stronger for credit
         | cards than other means of payment in the US. Likewise cash back
         | vs not.
        
           | abdullahkhalids wrote:
           | Fraud protection is inherently better for credit cards,
           | because you haven't spent your money. The bank has spent the
           | money, and you don't have to pay the bank if someone
           | defrauded the bank. So the bank has every incentive to get
           | the money back. Not so with debit. You spent your own money.
        
           | tossandthrow wrote:
           | In Europe they have debit card with the same level of fraud
           | protection - and without credit.
        
           | 20after4 wrote:
           | That cash back is basically a scam. It's paid for by the
           | credit card processing fees - fees which are charged to
           | merchants and ultimately get passed on to the customer in the
           | form of higher prices. Some merchants even tack on explicit
           | ~$3 transaction fee for credit card purchases, to cover
           | transaction costs.
           | 
           | So the cash back is just a partial refund on your credit card
           | processing fees.
        
         | jncfhnb wrote:
         | Life hack: don't need things you can't afford
        
           | okayishdefaults wrote:
           | I've always wanted to be able to afford.
        
           | zdw wrote:
           | Works great with healthcare?
        
         | scarface_74 wrote:
         | Yes, people should just stop being poor...
        
           | banqjls wrote:
           | I don't live in America but here we don't use credit cards
           | but we have micro loans and people overwhelmingly sign those
           | for things they absolutely do not need.
        
         | rybosworld wrote:
         | Credit cards are just a mechanism for micro loans.
         | 
         | Loans and debt do not exist just because some people lack
         | discipline.
        
         | tmoertel wrote:
         | Or get the best of both worlds: buy now and always pay off your
         | full credit-card bill so you never pay interest and get, in
         | effect, a free short-term loan.
        
           | SL61 wrote:
           | I've made thousands of dollars in cashback and rewards from
           | my credit cards without ever paying a cent in interest.
           | That's the main value proposition of credit cards for people
           | who never carry a balance.
        
             | ebb_earl_co wrote:
             | I have operated under this models for about 10 years now as
             | well. But there was a recent Atlantic article that gave me
             | pause: those rewards are exactly the results of credit card
             | companies' usury, extracting money from other people.
             | 
             | It just doesn't seem ethical to me (for my parameters) any
             | more. :-/
        
           | omega3 wrote:
           | It's also a popular investment strategy to draw the credit (
           | potentially from multiple credit cards) and invest it.
        
             | kstrauser wrote:
             | Popular among whom?!
        
           | BenjiWiebe wrote:
           | IMO, that's the correct/normal usage of a credit card. It's
           | how my friends (most of them anyways) and family and myself
           | do it.
        
         | nostrademons wrote:
         | They're pretty handy just as a form of payment. I've never once
         | carried a balance and never paid a cent of interest to a credit
         | card company, but I use credit cards for basically all of my
         | spending. I get back ~$1000/year in rewards, plus all the
         | convenience of having plastic whenever I want to spend,
         | recurring billing, dispute resolution, fraud prevention, etc.
         | 
         | I'd argue that this suggests another hypothesis that the
         | article only partially considered: high interest rates are a
         | cross-subsidy to attract the 40% of credit card users who never
         | carry a balance, and the 40% of credit card users who never
         | carry a balance are a marketing expense to normalize credit
         | card use and make the 60% who _do_ think it 's completely
         | acceptable to spend without a thought. I get literally
         | thousands of benefits from the credit card company, and I don't
         | pay a cent. That money has to be coming from somewhere, and I'd
         | bet that it's coming from the 60% of consumers who pay usurious
         | interest rates.
        
       | golergka wrote:
       | Looking from the outside, it seems that people in the US are
       | always using credit cards as opposed to debit cards, and I don't
       | really see a good reason for that. I have owned credit card in
       | the past, and I could get one easily now, but I don't see any
       | reason to: I have money in the bank, I want to spend it, and I
       | don't need to lend anything.
       | 
       | Why and how does _credit_ becomes the first and default way of
       | payment?
        
         | toomuchtodo wrote:
         | Because wages are insufficient. Credit fills the gap to
         | survive. Half of bankruptcies in the US are from medical debt,
         | for example. In 2023, approximately 36.8 million Americans, or
         | 11.1%, lived below the poverty line. ~50% of Americans carry a
         | balance, and the average U.S. household with credit card debt
         | has a balance of around $6,065.
         | 
         | Credit cards are expensive short term financing.
         | 
         | https://www.healthsystemtracker.org/brief/the-burden-of-medi...
         | 
         | https://www.stlouisfed.org/on-the-economy/2024/may/which-us-...
        
           | surajrmal wrote:
           | Many folks carry zero credit month to month and still use a
           | credit card. You're giving away free money by not using it.
        
         | Enginerrrd wrote:
         | Because credit cards offer better protections from fraud making
         | the consumer not liable. Debit transactions don't have that and
         | they are also linked straight to your account so theres also
         | additional risk where if someone steals the money using your
         | debit information it's just gone.
        
           | 486sx33 wrote:
           | Exactly.
        
           | tossandthrow wrote:
           | In Europe they offer the same amount of protection.
        
         | thfuran wrote:
         | It offers more protections for the purchaser than a debit card
         | with no direct additional cost as long as the bill is paid in
         | full. They also often provide additional incentives like some
         | percentage cash back.
        
           | 486sx33 wrote:
           | And 30 days no payment no interest.
        
         | goodoldneon wrote:
         | Because I get rewards when I use it. I always pay at the end of
         | the month so I never pay interest
        
         | jwiz wrote:
         | Credit cards have better consumer protection than debit cards.
         | 
         | You are on the hook for like $50 max of fraudulent credit card,
         | and like $500 of fraudulent debit. If you don't catch debit in
         | time, you might be liable for all of it.
        
         | skadamou wrote:
         | If you are able to pay off your credit card balance each month,
         | you can earn rewards points on every purchase which is money
         | back in your pocket. Even if it seems like a tiny amount, in
         | the long run, you are leaving money on the table using a debit
         | card as opposed to a credit card for most of your purchases.
         | 
         | The big caveat being you MUST pay the balance off each month to
         | avoid paying interest otherwise you are losing money by using a
         | credit card.
        
         | forestgreen76 wrote:
         | Because it builds credit, and most credit cards these days have
         | points/cash back programs, the caveat being you have to be very
         | diligent about budgeting and ensure you pay the balance off in
         | full every month.
         | 
         | The problem is, most people don't do that.
        
         | ponector wrote:
         | US has both: insane credit card rates and bonus rewards (miles,
         | cashback, etc).
         | 
         | In EU rewards are shit, and the only reason to keep credit card
         | is to be able to rent a car during summer vacation.
        
       | tobinfekkes wrote:
       | Obligatory: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=R3ZJKN_5M44
        
       | 486sx33 wrote:
       | Let's just say you're a wealthy consumer with a million dollars
       | in the bank. You'd still buy things with a credit card, why? 1.
       | Purchase protection (insurance) 2. Chargeback protection 3.
       | Rewards either points or "cash back" 4. Merchants hardly ever
       | give cash discounts anymore, credit card fees are baked into the
       | price of everything so you're going to pay for the advantages
       | above and receive nothing in return, plus have the burden and
       | liability of carrying cash.
       | 
       | Merchant side. 1. CC fees are high so we add 3.5% to the retail
       | price of everything. Someone pays cash? Good, a small bonus. 2.
       | Merchants are being charged the same for "debit" cards which
       | allow electronic payments from bank accounts, coming with the
       | same chargeback risks and fees as a CC.
       | 
       | So what the heck assume the worst for every transaction.
       | 
       | How to fix this. Does it need fixing? If the gov is going to push
       | everything to electronic payments, you might as well get the
       | rewards.
       | 
       | The trap, if you're not paying off your balance every month, the
       | rewards are nothing and the interest rate is crippling.
        
         | lxgr wrote:
         | > 1. Purchase protection (insurance) 2. Chargeback protection
         | 
         | These are available on debit cards as well. (Not by law, but
         | both Visa and Mastercard require issuers to provide zero
         | liability policies to consumers.)
         | 
         | > 3. Rewards either points or "cash back"
         | 
         | Which consumers more than pay for themselves.
        
       | hx8 wrote:
       | I wonder if there is a market for secured credit cards with low
       | interest. Maybe backed by a HELOC or stock portfolio. By lowering
       | the default risk significantly lenders should be able to offer
       | loan values closer to car loan numbers than loan shark numbers.
       | 
       | I think people with enough assets to secure such a card might be
       | those less likely to carry a balance, but maybe a lower interest
       | rate would entice them.
        
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       (page generated 2025-04-01 23:00 UTC)