[HN Gopher] It's not mold, it's calcium lactate (2018)
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       It's not mold, it's calcium lactate (2018)
        
       Author : ilikepi
       Score  : 292 points
       Date   : 2025-03-31 14:49 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.thephcheese.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.thephcheese.com)
        
       | karaterobot wrote:
       | > Generally speaking, calcium lactate will be found on the
       | outside of a cheese (usually a cheddar), and tyrosine or leucine
       | crystals will be on the inside. Calcium lactate can also form on
       | the inside of cheese, but tyrosine and leucine crystals cannot.
       | 
       | ... Cannot form on the outside, presumably.
        
         | borski wrote:
         | Correct.
        
       | geetee wrote:
       | How long until cheese makers start adding the crunchy crystals to
       | give the appearance of quality without the actual quality?
        
         | borski wrote:
         | Aside from cheddar (or similar), the crystals are always
         | _inside_ the cheese, so the appearance is nearly the same as
         | those without the crystals.
        
           | geetee wrote:
           | Sure, replace "appearance" with "impression" for a more
           | accurate representation of my intent.
        
             | borski wrote:
             | Fair enough! I just meant they'd have to stick it on the
             | label or something, since you wouldn't be to able to
             | obviously tell the difference just by looking at it, that's
             | all.
        
         | IneffablePigeon wrote:
         | This happens already, at least it does in the UK. Most cheaper
         | brands of "extra mature" supermarket cheddar have added
         | crystals. I don't actually mind that much - I do think it is a
         | genuinely slightly more enjoyable product with the crystals.
        
           | geetee wrote:
           | Is this something they disclose on the packaging? I'm curious
           | how to identify this in the cheese I buy.
        
           | jb1991 wrote:
           | There are also fake ways of accelerating aging to create this
           | effect, like the Old Amsterdam cheeses you'll find in the
           | Netherlands. That particular brand has a lot of fake
           | qualities to it that creates these effects.
        
             | facile3232 wrote:
             | Is "fake" really the right word here if people get the
             | flavor, nutrition, and texture they want? I don't really
             | give a damn if they figured out a way to bypass aging to
             | achieve this.
        
               | zidad wrote:
               | Fake as in, they're not allowed to call it "old cheese"
               | because it's a protected term for cheese of a minimum
               | age. But it might even be preferred by some because the
               | texture is still a bit softer. I like it, but as with a
               | good single malt, I wouldn't pay the same price if it's
               | artificially aged.
        
               | SyzygyRhythm wrote:
               | The article says that the crystals don't affect the taste
               | or scent. The crystals are a signal that you have a good
               | cheese, but not the cause of a good cheese. Adding them
               | to a bad cheese won't make it a good cheese, so in that
               | sense I'd call it a fake.
               | 
               | There is some gray area in that they affect the texture,
               | which is a part of the whole experience. But that's again
               | mostly signaling--we like the crunch because we associate
               | it with good cheeses, not because there's anything
               | inherently better about it.
               | 
               | There are some interesting philosophical questions here.
               | If you put a fake label on some wine, and people perceive
               | it as higher quality than it is, is it really fake? On
               | one hand, obviously yes. And yet there was a real effect
               | on the perceived quality.
        
               | facile3232 wrote:
               | > The article says that the crystals don't affect the
               | taste or scent.
               | 
               | That seems hard to believe, frankly.
        
       | borski wrote:
       | Visited Gouda in the Netherlands and learned this. Best cheese
       | I've ever had.
        
         | jajko wrote:
         | Old aged gouda is the best cheese I ever laid on my tongue. We
         | live in Switzerland next to French border, so there is no end
         | to universe of fine aged original Gruyeres, Beaufort or even
         | Cheddar (but that one probably worse than what one can get in
         | UK), plus all AOC Italian ones. Simply hard cheeses with grain,
         | there are hundreds to choose from.
         | 
         | I love them all, but that gouda taste is something else to me
         | and my wife. French shops just around the border luckily import
         | some of it, I never saw it in Switzerland shops.
         | 
         | One way to upmark any cheese for us to put ie black truffles or
         | wild black garlic in it.
         | 
         | Talking about gouda, gotta get me some slices before kids munch
         | it all again.
        
           | borski wrote:
           | Same, tbh. I love cheese. But that aged Gouda is absolutely
           | memorable. I can literally taste it now haha
        
           | goosejuice wrote:
           | L'amuse will blow the mind. One of the best cheeses out there
           | and I've had hundreds.
           | 
           | Challerhocker is another great one in your neck of the woods.
        
             | genewitch wrote:
             | I've had most Dutch cheeses, and my personal favorite is
             | smeerkaas, in the little gold cups.
        
           | clmul wrote:
           | People in the Netherlands are usually not at all proud of
           | their cuisine, but the cheese is definitely a nice aspect (as
           | someone who eats the >1 year ripened stuff almost daily)
           | 
           | Although for me some of the French cheeses are the best. Just
           | what you're used to I guess :D
        
         | dfxm12 wrote:
         | I think when someone thinks of the Platonic ideal orange
         | cheese, they taste aged gouda on their tongue.
        
       | shrubble wrote:
       | Costco sells the Coastal cheddar which has a lot of this kind of
       | crystals.
        
         | stevenwoo wrote:
         | The Kirkland blocks of sharp cheddar can also have these on the
         | outside.
        
       | xattt wrote:
       | Tangential, but I recently noticed that natamycin, an antifungal
       | agent, is being used in packages of shredded cheese as a
       | preservative.
       | 
       | I was a little taken aback on seeing it, given that antibiotic
       | stewardship has been pushed so much in the last decade.
       | 
       | I realize that natamycin is an antifungal and not an antibiotic,
       | and that mechanisms of developing resistance are likely different
       | between eukaryotes and prokaryotes. However, I'm still somewhat
       | concerned what long-term low-level exposure will mean.
        
         | hart_russell wrote:
         | "True, fungi cannot survive if its host's internal temperature
         | is over 94 degrees," says Neuman. "Currently, there are no
         | reasons for fungi to evolve to withstand higher temperatures.
         | But what if that were to change? What if, for instance, the
         | world were to get slightly warmer? Now there is reason to
         | evolve."
        
           | ronyeh wrote:
           | Thanks for reminding me to rewatch it before the new season
           | comes out (soon).
        
             | mmastrac wrote:
             | When you're re-watching the first episode of the first
             | season, look out for the bearded guy in the map room with
             | Merle Dandridge that's upset because everyone died, that's
             | me. :)
             | 
             | I got a call to be an extra and figured what the heck, was
             | totally worth it. Got to very briefly meet Craig Mazin too.
        
               | ronyeh wrote:
               | Congrats! I love that the producers worked so closely
               | with the game's creators. It really shows.
        
           | fhdkweig wrote:
           | Fungi can grow inside the body. A man who was used to
           | injecting heroin decided to try magic mushrooms. So, he
           | expected the high to be better if he injected them too.
           | 
           | https://www.livescience.com/magic-mushroom-injection-case-
           | re...
           | 
           | https://www.vice.com/en/article/man-injects-magic-
           | mushrooms-...
        
           | robocat wrote:
           | Google. "systemic mycoses" or "mycosis internal organs". It
           | isn't just the {lungs, skin, mouth, throat, urinary tract}
           | that can grow molds or yeasts.
           | 
           | A few related medical words: Cryptococcal meningitis,
           | Mucormycosis, Blastomycosis, Histoplasmosis.
           | 
           | Hopefully your brain is warmer than 34degC - perhaps avoid
           | trusting zombie HBO shows for medical knowledge.
           | 
           | I'm guessing they were riffing on the zombie-ant fungus:
           | https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Ophiocordyceps_unilateralis
        
         | cmrdporcupine wrote:
         | Now you have me wondering if natamycin could be useful as an
         | anti-fungal pesticide in my vineyard/orchard :-)
        
           | throwway120385 wrote:
           | It might not be good for the fungi in the tree roots.
        
             | cmrdporcupine wrote:
             | Very intense fungicides are sprayed all over these places
             | already. Though most of them break down in sunlight and
             | rain after a couple days.
        
               | selimthegrim wrote:
               | Whiskey fungus apparently doesn't.
        
         | 0_____0 wrote:
         | Tangent on tangent - in addition to the antifungal there is
         | also anticaking agent (nothing crazy, often some type of flour)
         | that noticeably changes the mouthfeel of cheeses that come pre-
         | shredded. If you notice a grainy texture in your food, try
         | grating it off a brick instead!
        
           | xattt wrote:
           | I have been shredding my own for a while, since it's
           | typically cheaper. It just happened to be that I was feeling
           | lazy one particular day and bags of shredded cheese were on
           | sale.
        
             | oangemangut wrote:
             | We always have blocks of hard cheese and cheddars in the
             | fridge and I feel fine cutting off any moldy bits. With the
             | shredded stuff, I'll forget about it and we end up binning
             | lots since its impossible to tease out the bad from the
             | good.
        
           | kadoban wrote:
           | Yeah, especially for things like cheese sauces I find that
           | it's better to just grate it yourself. It will _not_ melt
           | correctly otherwise, and the additives mess with sauces more
           | than you'd think.
        
             | silisili wrote:
             | Agreed. I went down this rabbit hole last year, going as
             | far as even buying sodium citrate that's supposed to help
             | it melt together, with mixed results and awful taste.
             | 
             | Never came close to anything resembling a well melted, good
             | tasting sauce.
        
               | goosejuice wrote:
               | I wouldn't do this in a restaurant but a quick cheese
               | sauce for something like nachos. Just pop some shredded
               | cheese in the microwave with some heavy cream or half and
               | half. Adjust to taste / texture. Stir well.
               | 
               | Mornay, citrate, and evaporated milk approaches work but
               | I'm lazy so I just do the cream approach for "queso".
        
               | bigstrat2003 wrote:
               | Honestly for a quick cheese sauce for nachos I don't
               | think you can beat Velveeta. It doesn't get easier, and I
               | prefer the flavor of American cheese for things like
               | that.
        
               | goosejuice wrote:
               | If you like Velveeta I guess. I can't stand it and prefer
               | to use whatever melty cheese I have on hand.
               | 
               | I always have cream and some kind of melty cheese. Buying
               | Velveeta would be a specific purchase, for me, rather
               | than hmm what can I make with what I have.
        
               | superb_dev wrote:
               | Melt together some velveeta and a salsa for a pretty good
               | cheese dip
        
               | silisili wrote:
               | It's a bit heavy for my liking, but add some breakfast
               | sausage and sour cream and you have basically every party
               | queso.
        
               | kadoban wrote:
               | Velveta on its own is pretty rough (imo), but if you
               | start adding anything to it, it helps a lot. Like salsa
               | is the easy one.
        
               | CoastalCoder wrote:
               | I too have experimented with sodium citrate.
               | 
               | I ended up with something reminiscent of movie-theater
               | nacho sauce.
        
               | jandrese wrote:
               | I got a nice texture when I tried it, but it make the
               | cheese too salty.
        
               | hansvm wrote:
               | Still buy your cheese in blocks and hand grate, but
               | sodium citrate is better made at home for sauces I think.
               | Titrate baking soda with a tart citrus juice (e.g., lime
               | or lemon, whatever fits with the dish) over medium heat
               | till incremental juice doesn't induce extra bubbles.
               | You'll have a roughly neutral pH, citrus-flavored
               | solution of sodium citrate suitable for nacho cheese and
               | a variety of other dishes.
        
               | Stratoscope wrote:
               | That sounds fun and easy. I asked Miss Chatty for a
               | recipe, and here's what she came up with:
               | 
               | https://chatgpt.com/share/67eb161a-316c-8012-a9b0-95cb186
               | dc8...
               | 
               | Does that sound like it's in the ballpark, or do you have
               | any comments or suggestions?
        
             | bigstrat2003 wrote:
             | Pre-shredded cheese melts just fine, although I've never
             | tried it in a straight cheese sauce (for those I just dice
             | a block of cheese because it's easy and cheaper). But I use
             | it in things like lasagna or other casserole type dishes,
             | and I've never had an issue with its ability to melt
             | properly.
        
           | astura wrote:
           | People are super religious about this but I've never been
           | able to tell pre-shredded cheese from cheese I've shredded
           | myself and I don't think anyone else can tell the difference
           | in a blind taste test.
        
             | happyopossum wrote:
             | taste is subjective, so I won't argue that point (although
             | I do disagree with it), however if you're going to melt the
             | cheese, it's very easy to tell the difference side by side.
        
               | 0_____0 wrote:
               | The anticaking agent doesn't have an effect on taste
               | afaict, but it really is a large difference in texture.
               | 
               | Some people key more on olfaction/taste, I have nervous
               | system quirks that cause me to key heavily on texture.
        
             | kube-system wrote:
             | Are you buying cheese that's shredded at the deli or
             | something? The processed stuff in the bag seems to be
             | plainly noticeable to me...
             | 
             | e.g.
             | 
             | https://www.health.com/thmb/weSqKiqtCDqtEK3nJ5HWrViwQNM=/15
             | 0...
        
               | Suppafly wrote:
               | >The processed stuff in the bag seems to be plainly
               | noticeable to me...
               | 
               | Sure, when you're eating it by the handful, but when it's
               | melted in a dish (the thing people typically use it for)
               | you aren't going to notice.
        
               | 0_____0 wrote:
               | I wonder if there's a confounding factor here, because
               | that's precisely where I tend to notice it the most. The
               | anticaking agent lends a grainyness to an otherwise
               | smooth foodstuff.
               | 
               | Are you thinking more of a cheese sauce, or cheese that
               | gets melted into e.g. a burrito?
        
               | Suppafly wrote:
               | My family eats a lot of shredded cheese, pre and home
               | shredded, I've never noticed in anything melted nor in
               | anything where it's only half melted like tacos. Any
               | graininess that might be present would be far offset by
               | the other ingredients, but honestly I've never tasted any
               | graininess. The anticaking stuff isn't even grainy, so
               | why would the resulting cheese be grainy? You can lick a
               | piece of pre-shredded cheese and the anticaking stuff
               | flavorlessly dissolves in your mouth. I honestly believe
               | most of this "graininess" is imagined after people read
               | about it on the internet or hear about it from cooking
               | shows. People have convinced themselves that cellulose =
               | wood (notice it's mentioned in this thread several times)
               | and somehow lose the ability to critically think about
               | it. While cellulose is an anticaking agent, I don't think
               | I've ever seen it used for cheese. Typically you see
               | cheese using a modified corn starch. The anti-caking
               | agent can cause some issues if you're making cheese
               | sauces specifically, but generally if you're making a
               | cheese sauce you're mixing in other ingredients and then
               | dumping it over macaroni or potatoes or something anyway
               | and it won't matter.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | > While cellulose is an anticaking agent, I don't think
               | I've ever seen it used for cheese. Typically you see
               | cheese using a modified corn starch.
               | 
               | I've seen potato, corn, and cellulose. I suspect the
               | ideal choice depends on the type of cheese.
               | 
               | Here's shredded parmesan with cellulose for example:
               | 
               | https://i5.walmartimages.com/asr/42642acb-1802-40dd-
               | bfa6-795...
        
               | Suppafly wrote:
               | parmesan is pretty much the only one i ever see with
               | cellulose
        
               | kelnos wrote:
               | > > _While cellulose is an anticaking agent, I don 't
               | think I've ever seen it used for cheese._
               | 
               | > _parmesan is pretty much the only one i ever see with
               | cellulose_
               | 
               | Can you stop, please? You keep contradicting yourself,
               | and I don't really see the purpose in repeating, over and
               | over, the assertion that because you can't perceive a
               | difference in something, no one else can either. That's
               | pretty arrogant, and ignores, well, basically everything
               | about how humans work.
               | 
               | These subtheads here are just noise, and are distracting
               | me from the rest of the interesting conversation.
        
               | robocat wrote:
               | I think you are generalizing from your own tastes.
               | 
               | Just because you don't notice something doesn't mean that
               | others don't.
               | 
               | I started to notice this when I was hanging out with a
               | very smart friend who worked as a restaurant cook. They
               | just noticed heaps of stuff I didn't if we went out for a
               | meal. I wasn't sure if it was training or natural
               | ability.
        
               | Suppafly wrote:
               | >I started to notice this when I was hanging out with a
               | very smart friend who worked as a restaurant cook. They
               | just noticed heaps of stuff I didn't if we went out for a
               | meal.
               | 
               | Or they were being pretentious to try and impress you. I
               | suspect even they can't tell if melted cheese within a
               | dish started out pre-shredded or not.
        
               | robocat wrote:
               | You are making up stuff.
               | 
               | Skill and pretentiousness are independent variables.
               | Assuming that one is correlated with the other is a sign
               | of poor judgement. I know people that fit would fit in
               | each of the four quadrants {skillful-pretentious,
               | unskilled-pretentious, skillful-humble, unskilled-
               | humble}.
               | 
               | Anecdotally cooks are not usually pretentious - perhaps
               | in your circles or in your city things are different?
               | Personally I've got little time for pretentious people.
               | 
               | > I suspect even they can't tell if melted cheese within
               | a dish started out pre-shredded or not.
               | 
               | I didn't say that. But
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43537461 did say
               | that.
               | 
               | You can deny the reality of other people all you like. A
               | more open-minded scientific approach is to listen to
               | other people's experiences. People have some weird
               | skills. And they believe some weird things. But yeah, it
               | is hard to truly judge the skills of others.
        
               | Suppafly wrote:
               | >Anecdotally cooks are not usually pretentious
               | 
               | Not saying they are, but the types of folks that
               | constantly point out little details that only they
               | themselves can seem to distinguish often are.
        
               | robocat wrote:
               | You've just made the the mistake I complained about. Let
               | me edit your statement:
               | 
               | types of folks that constantly point out little details
               | that only they themselves can seem to distinguish often
               | are _highly skilled_.
               | 
               | I'm sure there plenty of things that you notice, that
               | others just ignore you about (for the same reason you're
               | ignoring them).
               | 
               | Hang around some cooks, and pay attention to what they
               | notice. I also know some cooks that bullshit, so it isn't
               | easy.
        
               | kelnos wrote:
               | Just because you're ignorant of something, it doesn't
               | mean that something isn't real, or that others can't
               | perceive it.
               | 
               | And just because someone knowledgeable shows you
               | something you hadn't noticed before (and then you start
               | noticing it all the time), it doesn't mean it's just all
               | in your head. Being discerning about things can be
               | taught. (And sometimes knowing can be a curse!)
        
               | josephg wrote:
               | Training is massive for our senses. I've been learning
               | the piano lately and I'm starting to notice I'm getting
               | more information from listening to music. It's really
               | weird - like, I'll play an old piece I've listened to a
               | thousand times. But now I can separate out the different
               | parts of the song in my head now. It's obvious - how
               | could I not have heard it before?
               | 
               | I think foodies are like that. I knew one girl years ago
               | from a foodie family. Anything she ate, she could list
               | out all the ingredients and tell you how it was prepared.
               | It was uncanny. I don't think she had a special mouth.
               | Just, she came from a family which bonds through cooking.
               | Their family goes on hikes where everyone cooks a fancy
               | gourmet meal one night for the camp. She's been training
               | her palate since she was a toddler. It shows. The
               | difference is insane.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | > when it's melted in a dish (the thing people typically
               | use it for)
               | 
               | There are plenty of dishes that include unmelted shredded
               | cheese. Salads and tacos are extremely common uses of
               | shredded cheese here in the US.
        
               | Suppafly wrote:
               | Sure, and I also doubt people's ability to tell the
               | difference in a blind taste comparison. People claiming
               | to do so visually see the anti-caking agent, they don't
               | taste it. It doesn't taste grainy. You can taste a bit of
               | corn starch or cellulose directly and tell that it
               | doesn't taste 'grainy' or even have much of a flavor at
               | all.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | The point of the anti-caking agent is to prevent the
               | cheese from sticking to itself, which inherently affects
               | the texture of the cheese in your mouth... it doesn't
               | stick to itself the same way freshly shredded cheese
               | does, particularly if the cheese is soft and sticky like
               | processed american cheeses. Although it is likely less
               | noticeable for dryer and harder cheeses.
        
               | Suppafly wrote:
               | >The point of the anti-caking agent is to prevent the
               | cheese from sticking to itself, which inherently affects
               | the texture of the cheese in your mouth
               | 
               | It does so by keeping the cheese 'dryer' than it normally
               | would be. Putting it in your mouth basically undoes that.
               | You're only going to notice if you're eating it by the
               | handful, not when you're using it in actual food dishes.
        
               | kelnos wrote:
               | > _It does so by keeping the cheese 'dryer' than it
               | normally would be. Putting it in your mouth basically
               | undoes that._
               | 
               | That's not how chemistry works.
        
               | josephg wrote:
               | You seem very certain that you know how my mouth works. I
               | promise you, you don't.
               | 
               | I'm a super taster. I did a test when I was 20. You take
               | a macro photo of your tongue and count the taste buds in
               | a 1cm square spot. From what I read at the time, the
               | average person has 25 taste buds per sq cm. I have 40.
               | Some people have as few as 10. Imagine how different food
               | must taste to all of us!
               | 
               | And flavours don't just "scale up". Some flavours are way
               | too strong for me - like, spinach is super strong. If
               | spinach is on pizza, all I taste is spinach. I can't
               | taste anything else and I may as well be eating a salad.
               | I can't eat dark chocolate - it tastes like a punch in
               | the mouth with wood ash. And I've never been able to
               | drink coffee.
               | 
               | One of my all time favorite meals is plain pasta with
               | butter and grated Parmesan. So simple. So yummy. But pre
               | shredded cheese doesn't melt the same way on pasta - and
               | the difference is obvious to my mouth. Shredded Parmesan
               | cheese has a much weaker cheese taste - even from the
               | same brand. And the texture is all wrong.
               | 
               | Maybe your mouth can't tell the difference. But don't
               | claim to know how my mouth works. I suspect if we could
               | trade mouths for the day, we'd both be shocked.
        
               | rdlw wrote:
               | > It does so by keeping the cheese 'dryer' than it
               | normally would be. Putting it in your mouth basically
               | undoes that.
               | 
               | By this logic, shouldn't croutons and cubes of fresh
               | bread be indistinguishable?
        
               | kelnos wrote:
               | Maybe _you_ don 't notice, but I notice that it doesn't
               | melt properly with those anti-caking agents in it.
        
             | parliament32 wrote:
             | Perhaps the best example is parmesan. You should buy a
             | small brick and shred it, then compare to the Kraft tube we
             | all know -- the difference is massive.
        
               | kadoban wrote:
               | Is that Kraft parmesan even cheese? It seems like mostly
               | filler, it barely tastes like anything.
               | 
               | Not sure that's necessarily a fair test if people are
               | otherwise talking about shredded cheese that at least you
               | can see what the bulk material is and that it vaguely
               | resembles cheese.
        
               | voidmain0001 wrote:
               | 2016 report from Bloomberg on what "cellulose" means in
               | grated Parmesan cheese. https://archive.ph/I3OuD
        
               | craftkiller wrote:
               | I've had both and I'm going to have to disagree with you
               | here. For the other cheeses, buying a brick is always the
               | right choice. For parmesan, if its going on pasta I'm
               | picking the green plastic tube of presumably mostly
               | filler 100% of the time. Brick parm lacks the proper
               | texture and has too strong of a flavor. Green tube
               | mystery powder I can pour onto my pasta in mounds that
               | then absord the butter making a soft delicious wet sand.
               | Sometimes if I'm looking for a snack I just pour the
               | green tube mystery powder directly into my mouth.
        
               | 0_____0 wrote:
               | This, I think, is a case of Different Thing Same Name.
               | 
               | The same way that coffee runs the gamut between the
               | gnarliest of instant coffees to 3rd wave single-origin
               | craft brews. Almost every step of the production chain is
               | different, and while they're all technically coffee,
               | they're basically different products, that get enjoyed in
               | different contexts. Weirdly, I enjoy a 80s style black
               | coffee when I'm at the greasy spoon around the corner -
               | it just feels right.
               | 
               | Your Green Tube Mystery Powder is a product sold under a
               | name that is probably technically correct (Parmesan) but
               | the "real thing" is a product that behaves completely
               | differently and doesn't meet your wants or needs.
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | Totally agree. Green tube powder is awesome on cheap
               | pizza and cheap pasta.
               | 
               | Real parm is awesome shaved in salads, mixed in fancy
               | pasta or risotto, etc.
               | 
               | But they are as different as cheddar and mozzarella. They
               | taste nothing alike.
        
               | bigstrat2003 wrote:
               | > Brick parm lacks the proper texture and has too strong
               | of a flavor.
               | 
               | That's exactly why I use Parmesan from a block of cheese.
               | It has so much more flavor, and I find that far superior.
               | That doesn't make you wrong, of course... taste is
               | subjective. Just thought it was funny that we have
               | opposite views on the stronger flavor.
        
               | bityard wrote:
               | I'll buy parm wedges if I'm making a sauce or salad
               | dressing, but where/when I grew up, you weren't living
               | unless you dumped at least a half cup of Green Tube
               | Mystery Powder on top of your plate of spaghetti.
        
               | kelnos wrote:
               | Huh, that's funny. I _love_ the flavor and texture of
               | parm from a brick. I am usually far too lazy to grate my
               | own though, and do use the pre-grated stuff often. But on
               | the occasion where I do grate my own, or am in a
               | restaurant where it 's done for me, I resolve to grate it
               | myself more often.
               | 
               | This is all just a matter of taste, though. Sounds like
               | maybe you grew up with the green tube mystery powder, and
               | developed a liking for it, and that's "parm" for you. You
               | never developed a taste for the "real" stuff, and that's
               | fine! We all like what we like, and no one should tell us
               | that we're liking it wrong. (I, too, grew up with the
               | green tube mystery powder, but my tastes changed. It
               | happens.)
               | 
               | > _Sometimes if I 'm looking for a snack I just pour the
               | green tube mystery powder directly into my mouth._
               | 
               | This made me chuckle; I used to do the same thing when I
               | was a kid (despite the disapproving look from my mother).
               | I've tried it as an adult though, and now I don't like it
               | (not quite "gross", but not something I enjoy).
        
               | 91bananas wrote:
               | Actual Parmesan Reggiano and kraft tube are not even
               | meant to be compared...
        
               | dghughes wrote:
               | Kraft brand Parmesan has cellulose in it too I don't
               | think many people read the ingredients. It's funny more
               | than anything.
               | 
               | I started buying real block of Parmesan cheese and it's
               | certainly different more sour. The crystals closes to the
               | rind are where the flavour is. Kraft may not even be
               | Parmesan US laws allow other types of cheaper cheese and
               | lots of cellulose sometimes 40%. edit: I should note the
               | crystals theory is from a Parmesan factory documentary.
               | Is it true? They seem to believe it is.
               | 
               | I think it's to the point now where Kraft and real
               | Parmesan are close to the same price especially if you
               | factor in less cellulose in the real stuff.
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | The cellulose isn't there as filler, it's to prevent
               | clumping. You need it.
               | 
               | And the finer the cheese is grated, the more surface
               | area, so the more cellulose you need.
               | 
               | It's not optional.
               | 
               | (Also no idea what crystals you're talking about, but you
               | don't eat the rind. You can save it to add flavor to
               | soups though, taking it back out at the end. That's just
               | more about not wasting it since it's inedible though.)
        
               | s0rce wrote:
               | I find the pre-packaged parmesan and a block of imported
               | cheese are fundamentally different products and not
               | really interchangeable. They both work well in their own
               | way and I will enjoy them depending on what I feel like
               | eating.
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | Sure, but that's more to do with the quality of the
               | Parmesan to begin with. Not the shredding.
               | 
               | If you want a proper comparison, use a consistent cheddar
               | or mozzarella from the same brand. When preshredded it
               | tends to be drier, but melted there's little difference.
        
             | kjkjadksj wrote:
             | I dont know if I can tell on taste but the difference in
             | mouth feel is huge. The shredded version has wood dust on
             | it to keep it from sticking and you can definitely feel it
             | against the cheese in the mouth vs much more smooth/liable
             | to clump together hand shredded off the block cheese.
        
               | astura wrote:
               | I bet you can't feel it in a blind taste test.
        
             | Suppafly wrote:
             | >People are super religious about this but I've never been
             | able to tell pre-shredded cheese from cheese I've shredded
             | myself and I don't think anyone else can tell the
             | difference in a blind taste test.
             | 
             | This. In actual dish, I doubt most could taste any
             | difference. You only really notice when it's not melted
             | fully or not melted at all.
        
             | wholinator2 wrote:
             | That's actually crazy to me. Like, a sealed, generic brand
             | bag from the cold section of a chain grocery store vs a
             | block purchased from the deli and shredded by hand? The
             | difference is massive! Taste will vary between the two
             | anyways but the texture difference is categorical. The pre
             | shredded has grainy flour like stuff all over it, the
             | manually shredded is completely smooth with no graininess
             | at all. I can 1000% tell the difference in any kind of test
             | you want to do.
             | 
             | Where are you buying cheese that this comparison isn't
             | noticable?
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | >>The difference is massive!
               | 
               | Like...in what way? If I buy a block of Aldi's cheddar
               | and Aldi's pre-shredded cheese it tastes the same once
               | it's mixed into something - except the block saves me
               | like 20p and wastes 10 minutes of my life on grating and
               | cleaning up afterwards.
        
               | kelnos wrote:
               | > _Like...in what way?_
               | 
               | GP literally told you the ways in their post: texture.
               | Taste will vary regardless of the anti-caking agent, of
               | course.
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | Well, I can't tell personally, but good on OP for being
               | able to tell.
        
               | dwighttk wrote:
               | most of my pre-shreded cheese has no such grainy flour
               | like stuff all over it... Harris Teeter, but Kroger
               | before that... I think I can remember _once_ getting a
               | bag with _some_ noticeable anti-caking agent... in my
               | life.
        
             | s0rce wrote:
             | I typically find the anticaking agents are very obvious,
             | you can often feel them with your fingers and see them in
             | the appearance of the product.
        
               | tombrossman wrote:
               | I was taught to use a little cornstarch sprinkled over
               | freshly grated cheese, and to me it is undetectable
               | (served hot or cold) and works amazingly well. The shreds
               | never clump together and are easy to scatter evenly.
        
           | wahnfrieden wrote:
           | it's wood pulp. sawdust derivative. aka cellulose.
           | 
           | don't buy pre-shredded cheese unless you like replacing up to
           | 10% of your cheese with essentially sawdust at a premium.
           | 
           | https://www.eater.com/2016/3/3/11153876/cheese-wood-pulp-
           | cel...
        
             | happyopossum wrote:
             | A) Sometimes it's cellulose - corn starch and other anti-
             | caking agents are also used
             | 
             | B) it's legally limited to 4%, not 10%
        
               | wahnfrieden wrote:
               | That's fine to say it is so on paper however the legal
               | limit is not respected with several common household
               | brands testing at 8-9% in last results I can find.
               | They're incentivized to pad the product with anti caking
               | agents to reduce cost, and it is essentially unenforced.
               | Expect this to worsen as FDA is undergoing planned
               | dismantlement.
        
               | 0xffff2 wrote:
               | Can you link to some of this testing?
        
               | whyenot wrote:
               | Please provide a link to back this up. The Eater.com
               | article you linked to elsewhere is from 2016 and refers
               | to a specific enforcement action where a company plead
               | guilty to food adulteration for adding excessive
               | cellulose to parmesan cheese. Not a great example of
               | something being "essentially unenforced."
        
             | lupusreal wrote:
             | Cellulose is literally not sawdust. It could be made from
             | sawdust, but would be heavily processed and refined,
             | removing lignin/etc.
        
             | bityard wrote:
             | Nope, the shredded cheese I buy uses potato starch. And
             | it's definitely a trace amount, not 10%.
        
             | whyenot wrote:
             | Cellulose is not "wood pulp" or "sawdust." Only about 50%
             | of sawdust is cellulose. The rest is hemicellulose, lignin,
             | resins, and oils. Any plant material that you eat contains
             | cellulose. It's just about the most benign thing you could
             | add to food as an anti-caking agent. ...not matter what the
             | eater.com article with the attention grabbing headline that
             | you linked to might say.
        
           | CGMthrowaway wrote:
           | Anti-caking agent can be either cellulose ("sawdust"), potato
           | starch, or calcium sulfate
        
             | whyenot wrote:
             | I know you put it in quotes, but only about 50% of sawdust
             | is cellulose. The remainder is hemicellulose, lignin,
             | resins, and oils. Some shredded cheese use pure cellulose
             | as an anti-caking agent, not sawdust.
        
         | CGMthrowaway wrote:
         | Natamycin was discovered in 1955 has been widely used as a food
         | preservative ever since.
         | 
         | Especially cheese and bread, but also fruit, meat and peanuts.
         | 
         | Typically adds between 1 week and 1 month of shelf life to
         | products in the typical doses
        
           | GloamingNiblets wrote:
           | Given our developing understanding of the importance of the
           | human microbiome, which includes fungi (the mycobiome), I
           | steer clear of anti fungal preservatives in my food
           | personally.
           | 
           | Just because something has been used since 1955 doesn't mean
           | it's all good.
        
         | almosthere wrote:
         | If you look, you can still find shredded cheeses without this,
         | but it's usually pretty rare now.
        
           | nobody9999 wrote:
           | >If you look, you can still find shredded cheeses without
           | this, but it's usually pretty rare now.
           | 
           | You're quite correct. Thankfully, my local has me covered
           | with that![0][1]
           | 
           | The stuff without preservatives definitely doesn't last as
           | long, but the difference in taste/texture makes all the
           | difference.
           | 
           | [0] https://shop.wmarketnyc.com/s/1000-1052/i/INV-1000-87892
           | 
           | [1] https://shop.wmarketnyc.com/s/1000-1052/i/INV-1000-89151
           | 
           | Edit: Fixed link formatting.
        
         | hettygreen wrote:
         | All the more reason to Make America Grate Again..
         | 
         | I'm here all night folks.
        
           | foxyv wrote:
           | Cheesy jokes on Hacker News? I approve.
        
         | matheusmoreira wrote:
         | Antifungal resistance is actually a thing. Fungi can evolve or
         | acquire resistance mechanisms against antifungals, just like
         | bacteria and antibiotics.
         | 
         | Arguably it's an even bigger problem than antibiotic
         | resistance: fungi are eukaryotes, just like us, and in practice
         | this means we have less chemical weapons to fight them with.
         | Losing the relatively small arsenal we have would be quite
         | bothersome to say the least.
         | 
         | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5587015/
        
         | foxyv wrote:
         | I stopped buying pre-shredded cheese a decade ago. Block cheese
         | is cheaper, lasts longer, and cooks better. Pre-shredded is
         | just worse in every way aside from convenience. Using a cheap
         | rotary grater like they have in restaurants makes this almost a
         | non-issue.
        
           | m463 wrote:
           | anything shelf-stable, hydrogenated peanut butter, highly
           | processed milk, etc
           | 
           | I'm starting to wonder if                 convenience =
           | 1/healthy
           | 
           | hopefully not bananas though.
        
             | tcdent wrote:
             | bananas are a socioeconomic catastrophe
        
             | josephg wrote:
             | My partner read a book on food recently. They made an
             | obvious point I'd never thought of before: Food is eaten in
             | our stomachs by bacteria. If the bacteria in our stomachs
             | can't (or won't) eat something, that means it's not
             | digestible. That means it's not food.
             | 
             | If something is shelf stable, that's because the bacteria
             | can't or won't eat it. If bacteria doesn't want to eat
             | something, it's not food. And you probably don't want it in
             | your stomach.
             | 
             | Some things are shelf stable by physically keeping the
             | bacteria out of it (eg canned food). That seems fine. But
             | how do they make shelf stable cheesy / creamy products?
             | Bacteria loves cheese. They do it with weird additives and
             | substitutes that - by design - bacteria hates. But that
             | also means our bodies can't really eat it either - since we
             | use the same bacteria in our stomach to digest things.
             | 
             | Plenty of healthy things are convenient. Like, apples! But
             | healthy food is rarely shelf stable. Almost by definition.
        
               | tabular wrote:
               | That sounds like an extremely pseudo-scientific book. For
               | the real explanation, see
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_activity
        
               | celeritascelery wrote:
               | I am not very well read on this topic, but it seems like
               | there are other ways to make shelf stable food that
               | doesn't necessarily make it harder to digest. For example
               | high salt or sugar contents, or removing most of the
               | water. These make it harder for bacteria in the
               | environment but don't pose a barrier when mixed up in
               | your gut.
               | 
               | Granted, you can't do that with shredded cheese. which is
               | why it has to be refrigerated and will eventually go bad.
        
               | Xylakant wrote:
               | But that's not really true. Humans have for thousands of
               | years tried and succeeded to make food not palatable to
               | bacteria. Drying stuff is comparatively simple, but
               | salting, smoking it, by either adding acid or fermenting
               | (which makes the bacteria produce the acid that inhibits
               | them), by adding alcohol (or again, letting the bacteria
               | produce the alcohol), by introducing organisms that
               | produce bactericides - namely fungi (cheese mold) that
               | produce antibiotics. By adding sugar. Honey is shelf
               | stable beyond your wildest dream. There's a lot of ways
               | to get things shelf stable that use natural ingredients
               | only and are - at least in reasonable amounts - perfectly
               | safe to eat.
               | 
               | Your body will do a lot of work on food before it is in
               | the end absorbed. It adds enzymes that break up molecular
               | bonds. It will use acid on it. You will mash it with
               | physical energy. It will be watered down and mixed and in
               | the end, the molecules will be absorbed by your body.
               | 
               | That doesn't mean that you should eat just about
               | everything, that's not true. But I believe making the
               | connection via "bacteria won't eat that, it's not good"
               | doesn't make a good point.
        
               | askvictor wrote:
               | Generally you're either killing _all_ of the bacteria the
               | sealing the product to prevent new ones entering, or
               | creating an environment that's too hostile for them to
               | live (environments high in salt, sugar, acid, or fat, or
               | low in moisture, all make achieve this)
               | 
               | Also, our stomach is full of acid, the purpose of which
               | is to kill bacteria. Later on, in the intestine, you have
               | a colony of microbes.
               | 
               | Pickled or fermented food is very healthy, and shelf
               | stable. We've been doing that for millenia to preserve
               | food.
               | 
               | It's not as simple as you suggest.
        
               | dwighttk wrote:
               | >But how do they make shelf stable cheesy / creamy
               | products?
               | 
               | pasteurization and keeping further bacteria out is one
               | way to do it
        
               | hollerith wrote:
               | >Food is eaten in our stomachs by bacteria. If the
               | bacteria in our stomachs can't (or won't) eat something,
               | that means it's not digestible.
               | 
               | Both of these are false. Bacteria are not needed for the
               | proper function of the human stomach (or the small
               | intestine). The human body produces digestive enzymes,
               | HCl and bile (and maybe bicarbonate) which combined will
               | digest most foods without any help from bacteria.
               | 
               | Bacteria _are_ needed in the large intestine to convert
               | fiber into short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), but a person
               | can live for many years without any of these SCFAs '
               | being produced in the large intestine, although the
               | person probably would be less healthy.
        
               | josephg wrote:
               | There's more and more content these days talking about
               | "the new science of gut bacteria" and talking about how
               | important it is to our health and wellbeing.
               | 
               | Do you think all that is bunk / pseudoscience?
        
               | hollerith wrote:
               | Gut bacteria in the _large intestine_ are generally
               | considered (including by me) important for human health
               | although again you would not starve to death or die of
               | malnutrition if they all went away because the vast
               | majority of the calories a person in the developed world
               | gets are from foods that bacteria is not needed at all to
               | digest and make use of those calories. Our ancestors
               | 1000s of years ago however probably went through lean
               | periods in which most of their nutrition came from very
               | fibrous plant material with very little starches and free
               | sugars in them, and in that situation, the calories from
               | the SCFAs produced by gut bacteria might have often made
               | the difference between survival and starving to death.
        
               | bc_programming wrote:
               | We don't digest food exclusively with bacteria. They play
               | a role, of course, but our digestion is done through
               | things with hydrochloric acid and various enzymes
               | produced by the stomach. The bacteria in our stomach is
               | pretty much strains that can both survive the acidic
               | environment and can consume things we cannot digest at
               | all. Various fibers, for example. They help as they
               | consume it and shit out stuff we can digest. Often the
               | things they consume that are indigestible to us are the
               | result of our own breakdown of other compounds; making
               | the process symbiotic.
               | 
               | Also, the environment on a kitchen counter is wildly
               | different than the environment inside out stomach, so
               | airborne bacteria- even if we were to presume these were
               | the exact same kinds of bacteria present in our stomach -
               | being uninterested in foods in the open air doesn't
               | really translate to the idea that the food is
               | indigestible. Many gut bacteria rely on us to break down
               | foods into the things that they can digest, so a colony
               | couldn't start on the surface of the same food(s) in the
               | open air.
        
               | Cthulhu_ wrote:
               | Yeah no this is nonsense powdered by pseudoscience and a
               | wrong premise. Food is not eaten in our stomachs by
               | bacteria, please look up some basic biology and consider
               | correcting your post accordingly. At least your incorrect
               | post isn't dangerous per se.
        
           | tshaddox wrote:
           | Isn't the convenient version of something always worse in
           | every way aside from convenience than the less convenient
           | version of the same thing?
        
             | twojacobtwo wrote:
             | Definitely not "always" and "in every way".
             | 
             | Random example. I buy a meal made by a professional chef
             | and have it delivered. It's more convenient and it's a much
             | better meal than I could make. It's more expensive, sure,
             | but that's not 'in every way'
        
               | djtango wrote:
               | But within the same example its not as good as if you ate
               | the exact same meal freshly served - things won't be as
               | hot and certain textures will be lost in delivery (eg
               | crispy things going soggy)
               | 
               | You mentioned a chef which is less specific but I
               | generally consider restaurant food less healthy than what
               | I'd cook for myself due to differing incentives which is
               | another dimension for convenience
        
               | twojacobtwo wrote:
               | Indeed, but that's a different choice than the original.
               | If leaving my house isn't an option for me, the
               | subsequent options entailed are then off the table, so to
               | speak. The OP said "always" and "in every way", and I was
               | pointing out that there are many exceptions, depending on
               | many factors.
        
               | lynx97 wrote:
               | That example actually underlines parents point. Because,
               | yes, delivered food is convenient. However, at least in
               | my experience, delivered food from a professional chef is
               | always inferior to what I'd get if I actually visited the
               | same restaurant. Yes, packaging has improved and fried
               | stuff isn't as gross at it used to be, but it is still
               | not the same level of quality compared to actually going
               | there.
        
               | twojacobtwo wrote:
               | Yeah, if you break it down further into the set of all
               | possible options, but it depends what my
               | criteria/realistic choices are. If I'm not going to or
               | can't leave my house, then the more convenient option is
               | still the better one.
               | 
               | My exception was to the terms "always" and "in every
               | way".
        
             | xp84 wrote:
             | With the caveat that the ways it's "worse" can easily be
             | irrelevant compared to the convenience.
             | 
             | For instance, I buy way more shredded cheese than blocks.
             | It removes an annoying step that creates a dirty utensil
             | that isn't trivial to clean (grater). If I'm making 3
             | quesadillas a day for picky children to eat at different
             | snack or mealtimes, I don't want to own 3 shredders, nor to
             | have to carefully scrub the cheese off it 3x per day.
             | 
             | I haven't noticed any important difference in the cheese
             | besides saving me like 15 minutes a day of fussing with
             | cheese graters.
        
               | foxyv wrote:
               | My parents bought pre-grated as well. It's a great option
               | for someone with kids.
               | 
               | However, I would recommend grating a block for a couple
               | days worth at a time and keeping it in the fridge in a
               | food storage container. That way you don't need 3
               | shredders or to spend all your time cleaning shredders
               | every time you want a quesadilla. An electric rotary
               | shredder or a kitchen-aide attachment makes it trivial.
               | 
               | Also, try adding a little canned Red Enchilada sauce to
               | your quesadilla or egg and cheese burritos. It's life
               | changing!
        
             | Cthulhu_ wrote:
             | I dunno, to be pedantic, cheese is a convenient version of
             | milk. I like both though.
        
             | foxyv wrote:
             | Restaurants are usually better than home cooking. However,
             | I have rarely found the more convenient option to be
             | cheaper and it is usually worse. It's a bit of an iron
             | triangle. Cheap, convenient, good.
        
           | Animats wrote:
           | > Block cheese is cheaper, lasts longer, and cooks better.
           | 
           | Is this a promotion for the National Cheese Stockpile?[1] The
           | US has about 1.5 billion pounds of cheese in storage in a
           | cave in Missouri. Really. There's a USDA welfare program for
           | dairy farmers, and they have to put the excess milk
           | somewhere. So it's made into cheese and stored.
           | 
           | [1] https://modernfarmer.com/2022/05/cheese-caves-missouri/
        
             | xp84 wrote:
             | Funny, the same US that is in a stupid trade war where
             | dairy is one of the disputed areas, is doing absurd
             | subsidies of dairy. What an incongruous set of policies.
        
             | foxyv wrote:
             | You can't really buy "Government Cheese." It used to be
             | given out as part of food assistance programs in the US. I
             | guess it was pretty okay cheese too. I think it's mostly
             | given out as food assistance to other countries now since
             | we moved over to SNAP debit cards.
        
       | niemandhier wrote:
       | Obligatory reference to the excellent book: The Science of Cheese
       | by Michael H. Tunick.
       | 
       | This book is an in depth scientific introduction to, exactly,
       | cheese. A great read, you can feel the passion the man has for
       | his work!
        
       | stevenwoo wrote:
       | I'm now kind of upset at myself that I have thrown out perfectly
       | good Cheddar in the past due to white spots.
        
         | sphars wrote:
         | I actually did this yesterday to a block of cheese and now I
         | regret it
        
         | coldpie wrote:
         | For firm & hard cheeses, the bad molds very rarely penetrate
         | the surface. If you get some questionable looking mold on the
         | outer surface, you can cut off the outer couple of mm and enjoy
         | the remainder just fine. For rustic/home made cheeses, handling
         | the "bad" mold on the outer surface is a normal part of the
         | aging process before it makes it to the customer anyway.
         | https://cheesemaking.com/blogs/learn/how-to-bandaging-chedda...
        
         | tacitusarc wrote:
         | No, that is most likely mold. Not all white spots are positive,
         | especially if they are on old cheese in the fridge (as per the
         | article).
        
           | stevenwoo wrote:
           | It does give a method of testing at home at the end, though,
           | with hard being crystal and soft being mold.
        
           | GuB-42 wrote:
           | Even if it is mold, just remove it off the surface. It
           | doesn't penetrate far on hard cheeses like Gouda.
           | 
           | Also the reason why I don't buy pre-grated cheese, it doesn't
           | age well. It also tends to be lower quality to begin with.
        
         | ahartmetz wrote:
         | Also, if you get bright white(!) spots on cheese like Brie
         | (which is made with white fungus), it's usually just the cheese
         | "reactivating". You - theoretically - don't even need to cut
         | off anything.
        
           | kjkjadksj wrote:
           | I've eaten brie weeks after sell by date. It just turns into
           | a firmer cheese by then no striking difference in taste
           | really.
        
             | ahartmetz wrote:
             | Yeah, not much seems to happen to Brie - it stays fairly
             | mild. Unlike Camembert, which gets significantly stronger
             | and runnier over time.
        
               | Agingcoder wrote:
               | It depends on the Brie - pasteurized or not, from
               | Meaux/Melun/etc. I find Unpasteurized Brie de Melun to be
               | very strong.
        
           | GuB-42 wrote:
           | I remember having a brie-like cheese cut in half and left
           | forgotten in the fridge for more than a month. The mold had
           | reformed completely, as if it they were made like this in the
           | first place.
           | 
           | It tasted fine, no one got sick. Kind of underwhelming to be
           | honest, but it wasn't particularly tasty to begin with:
           | industrial cheese, pasteurized milk. It fact, that it still
           | had some life in it surprised me.
        
             | ahartmetz wrote:
             | Fun! I've never let it come that far. Was it somehow fuzzy
             | or really like the firm, white skin that it has when you
             | buy it?
        
       | dekhn wrote:
       | Cheese crystals are umami. Many of them are glutamate crystals. I
       | am curious if the other amino crystals have a similar flavor
       | profile.
        
         | jsbg wrote:
         | In the sense that they contribute to umami taste, yes. But most
         | commonly the nucleotides inosinate (from meat and fish) and
         | guanylate (from dried mushrooms) are the other molecules that
         | provide umami flavors.
        
           | facile3232 wrote:
           | Also MSG, obviously.
        
             | sophacles wrote:
             | The G in MSG is glutamate, so not an "also"... as its been
             | covered by OP.
        
               | facile3232 wrote:
               | Ah, I found the phrasing quite confusing.
        
         | rbrownmh wrote:
         | The umami flavor of cheese, especially hard cheeses, is
         | incredibly under appreciated. And I'll never understand the
         | popularity of pre-shredded cheese...
        
           | frereubu wrote:
           | Me either, but a relative who worked in processed foods told
           | me the reason it exists isn't just lazy consumers, it's made
           | from the oddly-shaped (by supermarket standards) offcuts that
           | they can't sell otherwise.
        
           | dekhn wrote:
           | Umami is a lot more present that people recognize. I've built
           | up an intuition for this over the years, and also sort of
           | trained my tongue.
           | 
           | What we call umami is a subjective experience that has an
           | underlying molecular cause, but it's complicated: more than
           | one molecule contributes to the sensation, different foods
           | have different molecules, many people can't recognize it on
           | its own, etc.
           | 
           | The most easily recognized umami tastes seem to come from
           | hydrolyzed soy protein and yeast extracts- both are added to
           | tons of food. The canonical example is Doritos, which are a
           | masterpiece of modern food industrial optimization. Doritos
           | are mostly corn, but they also add whey (cheese derived
           | umami), MSG (molecular, isolated glutamate in salt form),
           | buttermilk (multiple flavors including umami), romano cheese
           | (more umami!), tomato powder (umami), inositate (umami). It's
           | basically an umami bomb.
           | 
           | From what I can tell, the best umami flavors come from a
           | combination of several different molecules combined with some
           | salt. the combination seems to potentiate the flavor
           | significantly. You can also saturate out your receptors- if
           | you drink a highly concentrated broth, you'll see there's
           | some upper limit to the amount of umami you can taste and
           | after that, additional aminos are just wasted.
        
           | Cthulhu_ wrote:
           | > I'll never understand the popularity of pre-shredded
           | cheese...
           | 
           | If spending too much time in eve online taught me anything,
           | it's that convenience is worth money. People are inherently
           | lazy, and there's plenty of ways to exploit that.
           | 
           | The next level of pre-grated cheese is frozen pizza, for
           | example.
        
       | WillPostForFood wrote:
       | I've always loved the crunch in a good Gouda, and it's really fun
       | to read some details about tyrosine crystals that cause it.
        
         | jinushaun wrote:
         | Like adding acid to fake sourdough...
        
       | 7speter wrote:
       | Was proud I planned out buying a couple of pounds of cheddar from
       | the supermarket and keeping it in our spare fridge for a year and
       | had aged cheddar for Thanksgiving baked mac and cheese last
       | November.
        
         | floren wrote:
         | If you're ever in Pullman, Washington, stop in at the WSU dairy
         | store and get a few cans of Cougar Gold cheddar. Cheese in a
         | can sounds weird, but it's delicious, made by the students, and
         | it ages really well -- I've got some cans in my fridge which
         | are coming up on a decade old now. It's kind of a waste to use
         | an aged can for mac and cheese, but I used part of a younger
         | can for mac & cheese and it came out beautifully.
        
           | psunavy03 wrote:
           | As a Penn State grad I feel like WSU and PSU need to have a
           | creamery-off for charity or something.
        
       | talkingtab wrote:
       | It seems wrong to me that most of what people now call cheese is
       | not at all like what I think of as "real cheese". I have ended up
       | making cheese and it is both fascinating, productive and tasty.
       | While there are many "recipes" for cheeses, they are mainly
       | focused on preparing the cheese for aging. These are often
       | techniques, like washing the curd (gouda) or cheddaring
       | (cheddar).
       | 
       | The aging part takes more work. I converted a 7.5 CU refrigerator
       | using an Inkbird temp controller. That works surprisingly well.
       | Currently I'm attempting to improve the humidity control with a
       | humidity version of the Inkbird.
       | 
       | But highly recommended. I have everything I made (even the
       | failures) with the exception of one of the first attempts.
        
         | anamexis wrote:
         | What do you think of as "real cheese"?
        
           | talkingtab wrote:
           | In Europe, and at gourmet cheese stores, you get a slice from
           | a wheel. It is alive, in the sense that it has not been
           | "treated" to increase shelf life. A wheel of cheese is like a
           | little biome or green house or garden in a bottle. The rind
           | of the cheese is the wall. It allows the cheese to breathe,
           | but in a way that preserves the life inside it. Once the
           | wheel is cut, the bottle is broken, and while the cheese can
           | be kept for a time, it will start to degrade. The humidity
           | (~80-85 %) is important so the cheese does not dry out and it
           | does not become a nice home for unwanted mold, bacteria and
           | fungus. The temp of ~55 F is also important so that the
           | little things can live but don't start over growing.
           | 
           | If it comes from a wheel where it was aged, almost any cheese
           | is good - depending on your particular taste. The aged ones
           | with crystals are great, especially Dutch ones, but "local"
           | cheese is almost always wonderful.
           | 
           | I was in Colby, Wisconsin a couple of times and I found the
           | local Colby cheese to be good. Many locally made cheese are
           | good, but again if they are bagged in plastic then they do
           | not compare with the "real" thing.
        
         | eric-hu wrote:
         | Thank you for sharing your experience!
         | 
         | This is something I've been curious about. Can you speak more
         | about how you got into it? What kind of research did you do
         | before getting started? Did you know anyone else who had done
         | it before you got into it?
        
         | xandrius wrote:
         | These "most" people might be country specific.
         | 
         | I make cheese myself (both fresh and year-long aged ones) and
         | virtually all the people I met knew what real cheese was.
         | 
         | If it is the "ultra-processed" cheese what you are referring
         | to, that might not be liked by some but that's still cheese,
         | regardless of its plastic-y feel.
        
         | khazhoux wrote:
         | > It seems wrong to me that most of what people now call cheese
         | is not at all like what I think of as "real cheese"
         | 
         | Not sure at all what you're referring to. Surely it's not
         | "american cheese", which has been the punchline of obvious
         | cheese jokes for decades. Or the powder in mac & cheese boxes,
         | which is its own thing.
         | 
         | From where I stand, I see grocery stores in the USA stocking
         | large varieties of cheddars, fontina, gouda... all "real
         | cheese."
        
         | brundolf wrote:
         | Until early adulthood the only cheese I really knew was kraft
         | slices, kraft parmesan powder, bags of pre-shredded, etc.
         | Literally buying cheese by the block turned my world upside
         | down
        
       | Tade0 wrote:
       | I spent a couple of months in Switzerland for a project and
       | supermarkets there often have this booth that me and my friends
       | referred to as the "Kingdom of Cheese".
       | 
       | The Kingdom of Cheese is a climate-controlled enclave with just
       | cheese - the person there is happy to help you decide because
       | they know you'll be back eventually as indeed the products there
       | have those crystals.
        
         | EA-3167 wrote:
         | Back eventually? I'd personally set up a little tent in the
         | foyer and live there year 'round, like an increasingly portly
         | mouse.
        
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