[HN Gopher] The demoscene as a UNESCO heritage in Sweden
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The demoscene as a UNESCO heritage in Sweden
        
       Author : robin_reala
       Score  : 495 points
       Date   : 2025-03-31 10:39 UTC (12 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.goto80.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.goto80.com)
        
       | velo_aprx wrote:
       | Here is the official announcement (in Swedish):
       | https://levandekulturarv.se/forteckningen/element/demoscenen
        
         | diggan wrote:
         | Hastily thrown together translation, because I thought it
         | captured the hacker mindset so well:
         | 
         | > A fundamental driver of the demo scene is to make a machine,
         | such as a computer, do something it has not done before. This
         | could mean, for example, creating a tailor-made program for a
         | particular type of machine. Technically, it is about exploiting
         | the capabilities of the machine in an efficient and novel way.
         | 
         | It's sad to think that the computing devices our newer
         | generations are growing up with are trying their best to shoot
         | down this exact use case; making the device do things no one
         | made it do before.
         | 
         | Instead, everything is locked down in the name of safety, and
         | people loosing out on the ability of just having fun by
         | modifying devices we already own.
        
           | Lerc wrote:
           | I think the term "Use case" has done a fair bit of the
           | shooting itself.
           | 
           | So many times I have seen people hold things up with "What's
           | the use case" always transforming the problem at hand into
           | convincing a person who doesn't comprehend that other
           | people's experiences are also valid.
        
           | _the_inflator wrote:
           | I think the demoscene is what it is: a treasure, a heritage.
           | 
           | I was/still a part of it, but essentially, every demo evolved
           | into a video during the 90th.
           | 
           | A shift came with the more powerful machines, especially on
           | PC.
           | 
           | C64, Amiga 500 - technical prowess was necessary for certain
           | optical illusions; the video illusion stems from hacks. This
           | reversed.
           | 
           | I think that this is ok. Device hacking is now the new old
           | low-code hacking.
           | 
           | Today's demoscene is also totally meta. From fighting
           | emulators to accepting to utilizing was quite a ride.
           | 
           | The massively impressive demos of today on C64 or Amiga are a
           | testament to the heritage they capitalize on. Here and there,
           | a minor tweak or final secret was finally totally understood;
           | differences between serial numbers of C64 were a thing, too -
           | and that's it.
           | 
           | I am impressed by what has been done and achieved in the
           | early days by machine code on C64 during the 80th.
           | 
           | Massive influence was also time. The Scandinavians find a
           | cool thing to do during the winter months and hack for days
           | and nights - hardly anyone would do this today.
           | 
           | There was no harddisk, code revisioning. Compiling took time,
           | and saving the stuff on disk was a tedious procedure during
           | debugging. Printed Assembler code etc.
           | 
           | Today, you can dump the most elaborate code and data on
           | emulators within seconds, all well compiled and checked - it
           | is a wonder. IDEs, etc., are standard.
           | 
           | Even back then, some elite coders used cross-development
           | platforms, such as Amiga and C64, to deal with the burden of
           | memory and slow compile times on C64.
           | 
           | But the thing is that you had to develop the tools yourself.
           | An advantage of this scale was earned.
           | 
           | Anyway, it was a fantastic time. Copy parties, puberty, trash
           | talk - and, to be honest, a lot of doxxing and mobbing in
           | retrospect.
           | 
           | I am glad I was part of the scene from 1987 to 1994 and
           | attended Venlo and other infamous Copy parties.
           | 
           | Greetings from Beastie Boys/C64
        
             | Sharlin wrote:
             | I don't know, real-time graphics programming is and has
             | always been about hacks. Today it's perhaps not often
             | _hardware_ -level hacks, but the ethos is still "cheat as
             | much as you can, and then some more for good measure".
        
               | immibis wrote:
               | Not really - graphics cards are now powerful enough to
               | ray-trace every pixel every frame, if you are doing it
               | with a reasonable SDF instead of a huge bag of triangles.
        
               | Sharlin wrote:
               | Meh, real-time reflectance functions are still going to
               | be all sorts of approximations. To say nothing about
               | stuff like real global illumination. And SDFs are really
               | nifty but a function that represents a complex, detailed,
               | non-stylized/cartoony scene such as those in modern games
               | is not going to be fast to evaluate.
        
               | psb217 wrote:
               | Not to mention other aspects of the overall visual
               | experience, eg, everything about scene dynamics, object
               | interactions, etc. A bigger compute budget is always
               | welcome.
        
           | joarv0249nw wrote:
           | Computers are mostly appliances, like dishwashers, now.
        
             | GuB-42 wrote:
             | But demomakers have a good track record of turning
             | appliances into computers.
             | 
             | I am not aware of a demoscene production running on a
             | dishwasher, but I wouldn't be surprised if one existed.
        
           | randmeerkat wrote:
           | > It's sad to think that the computing devices our newer
           | generations are growing up with are trying their best to
           | shoot down this exact use case; making the device do things
           | no one made it do before.
           | 
           | Buy a Steam Deck.
        
           | dahart wrote:
           | > everything is locked down in the name of safety, and people
           | loosing out on the ability of just having fun by modifying
           | devices we already own.
           | 
           | Do you have any specific examples? I'm not convinced this
           | problem exists for demoscene.
           | 
           | For other kinds of hacking, maybe yes, but demoscene was
           | always about pushing graphics and sound limits of the device,
           | and that is absolutely still possible and not being traded
           | for security. If anything, the actual problem to lament is
           | that GPUs are so damn good that no crazy hacking is required
           | anymore, at least not to work around the hardware, though
           | just using the hardware as designed these days can sometimes
           | be categorized as crazy hacking. The hardware now does far
           | more than everything we wished it could do thirty or forty
           | years ago. We got what we wanted in the first place:
           | programmable graphics hardware. Nonetheless, people are still
           | pushing GPUs to do things it wasn't quite designed for.
           | 
           | I'm not sure anyone's fun is being hampered, demoscene
           | graphics hacking is alive and well:
           | 
           | https://demozoo.org/parties/4813/
           | 
           | https://www.shadertoy.com/playlist/featured
        
           | femto wrote:
           | > Instead, everything is locked down...
           | 
           | There's an argument that that just raises the bar.
        
       | skrebbel wrote:
       | As a demoscener, I think this cool (though maybe also a bit
       | useless).
       | 
       | But the thing this highlights to me now is how weird it is that
       | UNESCO heritage lists are per country. The design seems wholly
       | unsuited to any sort of culture that has emerged after the
       | invention of global communication networks such as the internet.
       | IIRC demoscene is already recognized as UNESCO heritage in
       | Finland and Germany, what are we going to do, go down the list of
       | every country that ever produced more than a few demos?
       | 
       | I mean of course none of this matters, because there's not really
       | any tangible benefit to one's hobby being on a list like this,
       | but it's still kinda funky. As if culture stops at country
       | borders.
        
         | makeitdouble wrote:
         | Would it help if you tried to have a demo class at a community
         | center and could point at the UNESCO decision to get proper
         | handling and shut down the "kids these days" arguments ?
        
         | DoingIsLearning wrote:
         | The biggest benefit is in bringing legitimacy to preservation
         | efforts and curation of historic records (photos, videos, data,
         | binaries, sources) on the history of the Demoscene.
         | 
         | There is a large chunk of software history prior to pre-cloud
         | services that has died in someone's hard drive, floppy, CD.
         | 
         | Maybe because it was tied to IP or maybe just because they
         | didn't think much about its historic value or didn't see it as
         | ground breaking or note worthy.
        
           | skrebbel wrote:
           | > There is a large chunk of software history prior to pre-
           | cloud services that has died in someone's hard drive, floppy,
           | CD.
           | 
           | Sure but I don't see how being on a UN list helps fix that.
           | Seems to me like efforts from people behind eg scene.org,
           | archive.org (hat tip to jscott) etc are substantially more
           | valuable to preservation efforts than convincing some folk
           | dance geeks who work at the UN that rotating nipple balls are
           | also cool (which of course they are)
           | 
           | EDIT: To be clear, I don't mean to dismiss the effort. The
           | entire point of the demoscene is "because we can!", so
           | obviously this also holds for getting our hobby listed by the
           | UN.
        
             | robin_reala wrote:
             | UNESCO has funding available to use on heritage projects,
             | which could support the existing archive efforts.
        
               | amszmidt wrote:
               | The IA is closing in on 30 years, has UNESCO done
               | anything to help the IA during that time?
        
               | robin_reala wrote:
               | Have they ever applied?
        
               | deater wrote:
               | the IA is great for hosting demos too, including running
               | in in-browser emulation. For example see:
               | https://archive.org/details/@deater78
        
               | some_random wrote:
               | What has UNESCO done to assist with that?
        
             | squigz wrote:
             | GP answered why the UNESCO lists help, in their first
             | sentence:
             | 
             | > The biggest benefit is in bringing legitimacy to
             | preservation efforts and curation of historic records
             | (photos, videos, data, binaries, sources) on the history of
             | the Demoscene.
             | 
             | It's not necessarily about "effort" but perhaps more about
             | "appearances" - it's easier to say "This history is
             | important enough to be recognized by UNESCO: give us money
             | to preserve it!"
        
             | pjmlp wrote:
             | It helps when talking to politicians.
        
             | egypturnash wrote:
             | Officially proclaiming it part of the Cultural Heritage of
             | your country means you can write letters like this:
             | 
             | Hello, person who controls government funding for the arts!
             | The demoscene is now a UNESCO cultural heritage property in
             | three different countries, including ours. We are a group
             | dedicated to (preserving/documenting/continuing) this
             | wonderful and unique expression of the artistic urge. You
             | should give us a lot of money to keep doing this.
             | 
             | ...in much more polite language, and with descriptions of
             | exactly what you'll be doing with that money, of course.
             | 
             | You could apply for a grant big enough for your group to
             | take a year off your day jobs and spend it hacking the hell
             | out of your submission for a major party. You could get a
             | chunk of money to keep your site full of demos running. You
             | could get the state helping to pay the expenses for the
             | party you run.
             | 
             | All of these things obviously have existing ways to pay
             | their expenses or the scene would have died off long ago,
             | but why not add another one?
        
           | cinntaile wrote:
           | I think it's fine that some things just disappear with the
           | sands of time. Not everything needs to be preserved.
        
             | DoingIsLearning wrote:
             | > it's fine that some things just disappear
             | 
             | The thing about History in general is that we as present
             | time people have a poor intuition of what is valuable
             | historic data for people in a future (long time from now)
             | time.
             | 
             | Today we draw conclusions from graffiti on Roman walls or
             | Babylonian complaint records. Arguably at the time nobody
             | would consider vandalism or customer service records worth
             | preserving for posterity.
        
             | CursedSilicon wrote:
             | Who gets to define what's preserve and what is lost? And
             | why?
        
         | dmbche wrote:
         | If I'm trying to see how it's useful, attaching your country's
         | identity to a cultural practice is a good first step to then
         | fund and prop up/support said practice - while the list itself
         | doesn't change much, you can refer to it to show the demoscene
         | is worthwile and argue for funding/support.
        
           | kilpikaarna wrote:
           | > fund and prop up/support said practice
           | 
           | I wonder how this would look in practice in the case of the
           | demoscene.
           | 
           | I feel like there was a moment in the earoy 2010s-ish when
           | there was an interest in the demoscene as one aspect of
           | "digital art", along with games, animation etc. Seems to have
           | faded a bit, maybe because the focus of the demoscene shifted
           | towards size limits where the aesthetic accomplishments can
           | be less immidiately obvious to the uninitiated.
        
         | eCa wrote:
         | > how weird it is that UNESCO heritage lists are per country.
         | 
         | Most things on the list are geographic (in some sense) so for
         | those it kind of makes sense that they are country based. There
         | are some that spans multiple countries, the largest of which
         | that I'm aware of is Struve Geodetic Arc stretching from the
         | Arctic to the Black Sea.
         | 
         | But I agree that some cultural evolutions are quite far removed
         | from the physical space in which they happened.
        
         | ForHackernews wrote:
         | It's also unsuited to cultural heritage that predates the
         | nation state or spans modern semi-arbitrary borders.
        
         | amyjess wrote:
         | > IIRC demoscene is already recognized as UNESCO heritage in
         | Finland and Germany, what are we going to do, go down the list
         | of every country that ever produced more than a few demos?
         | 
         | Potentially, yes. Take a look at the following list and you'll
         | see, for example, that 24 countries are listed for falconry.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNESCO_Intangible_Cultural_Her...
        
       | kilpikaarna wrote:
       | > Idag anvands ofta sarskilda programvaror for att skapa demos,
       | men det ar inget maste, man kan anvanda vilket program som helst.
       | 
       | Wat?
        
         | INTPenis wrote:
         | "Today there are specialized software to create demos but you
         | can do it without these." It's a bit poorly formulated because
         | back in the day people had nothing but a text editor.
        
           | kilpikaarna wrote:
           | There's been specialized tools in use since the very
           | beginning though. I'd count assemblers and such among them.
           | :)
        
           | Doctor_Fegg wrote:
           | 1987: https://cpcrulez.fr/applications_graphic-NWC-
           | demomaker.htm
        
           | bux93 wrote:
           | I was going to mention Scream Tracker, but the Swedish
           | language link names Fasttracker (apparently Swedish made,
           | while Scream Tracker is by the Future Crew who hail from
           | Finland).
        
       | jansan wrote:
       | Welcome to the club! The demoscene is already UNESCO heritage in
       | Finland, Germany, Poland and the Netherlands.
        
         | lores wrote:
         | But not in Syria? Everyone always forgets the Damascene
         | demoscene.
        
           | tobylane wrote:
           | They haven't yet had their sudden change of heart on the
           | subject.
        
           | myth_drannon wrote:
           | It's haram now.
        
       | ChrisArchitect wrote:
       | Some of the other national UNESCO demoscene additions incl.
       | thoughts around the benefits of this kind of declaration, and of
       | course plenty of fond anecdotes:
       | 
       |  _Finland adds the demoscene as a UNESCO intangible world
       | cultural heritage_
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=22876961
       | 
       |  _Demoscene accepted as UNESCO cultural heritage in Germany_
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26522681
       | 
       |  _Demoscene accepted as UNESCO cultural heritage in The
       | Netherlands_
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36597460
        
       | ChrisArchitect wrote:
       | FastTracker was Swedish? That's enough to justify this list add
       | IMO
        
         | kookamamie wrote:
         | Yes, FT was Swedish and Scream Tracker was Finnish, from Future
         | Crew.
        
           | danwills wrote:
           | And Impulse tracker is from South Australia! Jeff Lim is
           | totally one of my local heroes!
        
           | amiga386 wrote:
           | Soundtracker was German
           | 
           | Noisetracker was Swedish
           | 
           | Protracker was Norwegian
           | 
           | MED/OctaMED was Finnish
        
       | tobr wrote:
       | Fun to see goto80 at the top of HN. If there's one song that got
       | me hooked on the 8 bit sound as a teen, it's Blox.
       | https://archive.org/details/bliptv-20131104-213301-BleepStre...
        
       | barcoder wrote:
       | It's incredible to see what can be achieved with very few lines
       | of code to produce visuals and sound. It's often pretty easy to
       | know who the demoscene is made by because of the artistic style.
       | Similar to more traditional art forms.
        
       | chaosprint wrote:
       | Really interesting to read about this! That's wonderful
       | validation for a vital digital culture and its heritage.
       | 
       | As the creator of Glicol (https://glicol.org/), based in Oslo and
       | working in the digital arts space, I'm always fascinated by how
       | different countries foster creative technology. Sweden's approach
       | in recognizing the demoscene this way is particularly
       | encouraging.
       | 
       | It makes me reflect on the pathways to support here in Norway.
       | While academic environments can be very supportive (as my
       | previous supervisors have been), navigating the broader public
       | arts funding structures for newer digital art forms sometimes
       | feels more challenging, especially perhaps for those working
       | outside of long-established networks.
       | 
       | Seeing Sweden's success in formally recognizing this kind of
       | digital heritage is genuinely inspiring and offers food for
       | thought.
        
       | larodi wrote:
       | Would you agree the demoscene is slowly turning into generative-
       | art-NFT-scene. I mean, lot of new effects get released a gif or
       | genart snippets, and some are actually really good. Also #genaury
       | been a think for several years now.
       | 
       | Not sure how this relates to the heritage status of older
       | productions though.
        
         | trollbridge wrote:
         | Don't see how NFTs are relevant.
         | 
         | ML/LLM/AI/generative transformer generated art is at home in
         | the demo scene. The demoscene has always embraced new ways to
         | create art, and then find a way to pack it inside a 32kB
         | cracktro or BBS insert in a zip file. I wonder what could be
         | done wi the Fabrice Bellard's very low bitrate audio
         | compression, for example...
         | 
         | Some of the imagination is "What could have been?" What demos
         | _could_ have existed in 1981 on contemporary hardware? It is a
         | pathway into imagining other worlds.
        
         | arexxbifs wrote:
         | It's not. Demoscene productions are released on the demoscene.
        
           | larodi wrote:
           | hah, I sure do know where and when many of the legendary
           | productions got released. besides - we (demogroup ancient
           | pain) released two in 1996 and 1997. when were yours released
           | to down-vote my actually very informed comment, for real?
           | 
           | the fx scene in 2025 is full throttle with a short-form
           | single-effect pieces being released daily, and some of them
           | are actually quite good. some people also release the code to
           | them unlike what demoscene guys did back in the day, as it
           | all was closed culture, albeit free.
           | 
           | my comment was really - if kids are incentivized to do genart
           | for money, or to just share pieces of short-attention spam
           | material, why do it for the classic fun of it of the
           | demoscene?
        
             | ddingus wrote:
             | Trying to turn what is a learning and skills compo and
             | celebration into some sort of market is not really in the
             | spirit of the scene.
             | 
             | Further, the only use of the NFT I have seen that is not
             | also trying to create some artificial value others are
             | forced to recognize, is as tickets. And yes, I mean proof
             | of purchase to an event type tickets.
        
               | larodi wrote:
               | > Trying to turn what is a learning and skills compo and
               | celebration into some sort of market is not really in the
               | spirit of the scene.
               | 
               | for the disclaimer - not trying to turn anything into
               | another thing. myself is not part of the nft market of
               | generative art, but it is difficult to not note it,
               | right?
               | 
               | > Further, the only use of the NFT I have seen that is
               | not also trying to create some artificial value others
               | are forced to recognize, is as tickets.
               | 
               | ...or club cards, or other benefit somethings. okay.
               | 
               | Had the absolutely same argument about it for very long,
               | so I dare to continue this conversation.
               | 
               | First of all, let's agree that fame related to pushing
               | the boundaries of CPUs and other PUs is for very long not
               | going to the demoscene. Why? Perhaps because people
               | stopped writing their own renders, and modplayers.
               | Because THIS was what needed pushing to the limits. In my
               | opinion, though, the drive for demoing is not purely a
               | coder drive, it is an aesthetic, and also art&animation
               | drive.
               | 
               | Demoscene was a show-off for badass coders, but also for
               | badass tracker music producers, and pixelcore artists, of
               | course. The coolness of it is that it allowed impossible
               | things with CREATIVE expression.
               | 
               | Similar to that is this Lithuanian producer's achievement
               | with the cat movie, who snatched Oscar with a draft
               | render. Is this a top-optimization showcase ?! Not on the
               | CPU level, this brother was GPU poor, so he went for the
               | aeshtetic excellence with whatever he had.
               | 
               | Now speaking of art or preservation - the fact the
               | demoscene is heritage of something means nothing in a
               | world where even the archive.org needs regular funding
               | and massive volunteer effort in order to exist. Besides
               | most of the demos, not sure what %, surely had their
               | source code lost already, because opensource was not
               | something badass coders embraced back in the day.
               | 
               | In 2025 if you want to see coding excellence, perhaps
               | llama.cpp and tinygrad can be an object of admiration,
               | the work of jart on the cosmopolitan c if you want... But
               | I can think of very few demoscene (visual) productions
               | done in the last 5 years, that are really feat of
               | technology, given what GPUs can do with compute units
               | nowadays. On the contrary - a lot of generative art
               | content is implemented in processing, or even
               | processing.js, or unity.
               | 
               | Of course you can never underestimate the achievements of
               | Farbrauch, ASD (from Greece!), CNCD, all the legendary
               | groups who produced these productions. But, come on,
               | where is the massive demoscene output that should be
               | there given the massive, huge gaming branch which is all
               | about animation, sound and visuals, and pushing
               | boundaries?
               | 
               | Demoscene parties have not multiplied and many tech
               | events which should have demoscene room - do not. Neither
               | the commercial ones, nor the hacker-run gatherings.
               | 
               | You know, I can definitely argue that pieces of effects
               | may actually get better preserved as blockchain token
               | payload, than obscure URLs at scene.org or pouet.net. So
               | this is one reason to not bark against it, and besides
               | for a s.o. 14years old, who just switched from scratch to
               | processing.js - it may come as reasonable incentive,
               | given what his peers are probably doing, to have this
               | released as some NFT which moves and does gen-art. why
               | not? why would he be obliged to go to the demoscene to do
               | genart? because who said it?
               | 
               | My observation is that the whole generative art, or the
               | art part of the demoscene drive, went towards the social
               | scene, and not NFT necessarily, but say - on viral and
               | also anon accounts on X or Mastodon, where it releases.
               | And perhaps also blends already with the VJ and special
               | effects crowd which perhaps have their own conferences,
               | because you know FC went to start Remedy, and these other
               | guys went to start Notch and it's a very commercial
               | platform, and guys who started it - also won Assembly
               | several times with this engine.
        
             | joemi wrote:
             | I think the genart scene and demoscene might be at best
             | related, but I don't think the genart scene _is_ the modern
             | demoscene, as you seem to be implying.
             | 
             | (That said, I'm assuming by "genart" you either mean modern
             | AI-based generative art, or you mean all generative art in
             | general. Either way, while somewhat/tangentially related to
             | the demoscene, they are not direct analogs or descendants.)
        
         | onename wrote:
         | Not sure if we are following the same demoparties but I still
         | see plenty of great demos, intros, music, etc. being released.
         | I do see new compos being add liked Modern GFX, Animations,
         | Photo, and Videos but I dont feel that deminish the creativity
         | of the Demoscene.
         | 
         | On a side note, I am looking forward to this year Revision
         | demoparty.
        
       | initramfs wrote:
       | my mom's basement is not for sale!
        
       | BurningFrog wrote:
       | The more things UNESCO declares an exceptional heritage, the less
       | special they are.
       | 
       | To me the shark is already jumped, but I don't think they'll ever
       | quit.
        
         | velo_aprx wrote:
         | You kind of miss what the UNESCO Intangible Heritage list is
         | actually about. It's not like they're handing out gold stars to
         | things they think are "the best" or most "exceptional.
         | 
         | The whole point is to recognize and help preserve living
         | traditions.
        
       | jolmg wrote:
       | I thought UNESCO world heritage sites were physical locations
       | rather than aspects of a possibly physically dispersed culture.
       | Is the site the whole country of Sweden?
        
         | echoangle wrote:
         | It's probably not a heritage site but something like this:
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNESCO_Intangible_Cultural_Her...
        
       | nubb wrote:
       | ive always thought the ethereum ecosystem would give demoscene a
       | revival. storing the demos on chain adds a new layer of
       | complexity where the bigger the size the more expensive to
       | deploy.
        
       | bane wrote:
       | As a scener since the early 90s, I'm thrilled with these
       | announcements. Personally, what I'd like to see come of it is an
       | increase in the amount of academic studies of the scene at the
       | intersection of art, technology, and anthropology. A careful
       | study of the scene, what makes it unique, how it bleeds into
       | other adjacent scenes (and what those are), sub-scenes, core
       | elements of demoscene art and tech, all those things would be
       | really interesting.
       | 
       | They've all been written about by sceners in the past, but I
       | think more outside observations would be enlightening. As a
       | demoscener, you _know_ what is scene and what isn 't, and
       | basically how it works. But I've found it nearly impossible to
       | succinctly explain it to non-sceners without sounding like I'm
       | crazy, or making it up, or giving them a very wrong understanding
       | of core demo elements (e.g. "so it's all about doing things in
       | small sizes?")
       | 
       | One leg up, the scene has done a very good job archiving
       | information about scene groups, sceners, scene productions, and
       | sub-scene productions, giving future researchers a lot of
       | information to start from.
        
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       (page generated 2025-03-31 23:00 UTC)