[HN Gopher] Rickover's Lessons
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       Rickover's Lessons
        
       Author : pepys
       Score  : 82 points
       Date   : 2025-03-23 04:18 UTC (1 days ago)
        
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       | ggm wrote:
       | We don't have time machines and so can't re-run the experiment.
       | I've read biographies of Rickover and not all people who lived
       | through this time are complementary.
       | 
       | It's certainly true the strategic arms processes and nuclear
       | submarine engineering benefited in a long term view.
       | 
       | I just find myself asking if the US army recruiting tag line _Be
       | The Best You Can Be_ was really met, or if Rickover achieved what
       | might be more akin to crystallography  "local optimum" where
       | there are better peaks out there, but this one is mine. (To
       | borrow another army concept)
       | 
       | Viewed from Australia the current state of US submarine
       | construction is woeful. We're on the brink of being ripped off
       | having prepaid for access to Virginia class subs soon, and AUKUS
       | subs in future. We expect to be told we cannot have Virginia
       | class subs ever, we cannot have longterm crewing or command ever,
       | but we can host them retained in US HANDS and we can continue to
       | pay for them.
       | 
       | Not that Rickover made that happen, but whatever his lessons are,
       | the US submarine building industry doesn't seem to have learned
       | then, or be able to apply them.
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | > I just find myself asking if the US army recruiting tag line
         | Be The Best You Can Be was really met
         | 
         | Why would an army saying be relevant to an Admiral in the Navy?
        
           | hayst4ck wrote:
           | Rickover famously asked Jimmy carter in an interview: "Did
           | You Do Your Best?"
           | 
           | Carter replied: "No, sir, I didn't always do my best."
           | 
           | And Rickover asked "why not?"
           | 
           | This significantly impacted Jimmy Carter and eventually
           | became the title of a book:
           | https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/645520.Why_Not_the_Best_
           | 
           | I think GP is probably pattern matching a bit too much. It's
           | plausibly connected, but I doubt it.
        
             | hitekker wrote:
             | Yeah, feels like lazy pattern-matching. The top-level reply
             | mixes context across decades and doesn't bring concrete
             | evidence to the table to support its criticism.
             | 
             | IMHO, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyman_G._Rickover
             | article is a much more balanced take.
        
         | nostrademons wrote:
         | He died in 1986, so everything in the Virginia program happened
         | well after his death. His forced retirement in 1982 was largely
         | because he made a lot of political enemies by making a stink
         | about General Dynamic's flaws in workmanship on the Los Angeles
         | class. His whole management style was to push for
         | accountability and sweat the details.
         | 
         | I think what you're country is seeing is general flaws in
         | quality for basically everything American-made these days.
         | Which, if I'm being totally blunt, are because Americans are
         | lazy and don't care about quality and basically do the minimum
         | that won't get them fired. Hell, I started my career caring
         | about quality and craftmanship and now I do the minimum that
         | won't get me fired too, because there's no point busting your
         | ass for some lazy manager up the chain to take credit for it.
        
           | hayst4ck wrote:
           | Rickover's final testimony to congress _in 1982_ speaks about
           | this:
           | 
           |  _Corporate Power A preoccupation with the so-called bottom
           | line of profit and loss statements, coupled with a lust for
           | expansion, is creating an environment in which fewer
           | businessmen honor traditional values; where responsibility is
           | increasingly disassociated from the the exercise of power;
           | where skill in financial manipulation is valued more than
           | actual knowledge and experience in the business; where
           | attention and effort is directed mostly to short-term
           | considerations, regardless of longer-range consequences.
           | 
           | Political and economic power is increasingly being
           | concentrated among a few large corporations and their
           | officers - power they can apply against society, government
           | and individuals. Through their control of vast resources,
           | these large corporations have become, in effect, another
           | branch of government. They often exercise the power of
           | government, but without the checks and balances inherent in
           | our democratic system.
           | 
           | With their ability to dispense money, officials of large
           | corporations may often exercise greater power to influence
           | society than elected or appointed government officials - but
           | without assuming any of the responsibilities and without
           | being subject to public scrutiny. Woodrow Wilson warned that
           | economic concentration could ''give to a few men a control
           | over the economic life of the country which they might abuse
           | to the undoing of millions of men.'' His stated purposes was:
           | ''to square every process of our national life again with the
           | standards we so proudly set up at the beginning and have
           | always carried in our hearts.'' His comments are apropos
           | today._
           | 
           | Summary:
           | https://www.worldfuturefund.org/Articles/rickover.html Full
           | testimony: https://www.jec.senate.gov/reports/97th%20Congress
           | /Economics...
        
             | ethbr1 wrote:
             | There's a quip about organizing sales orgs that resonates
             | with me:
             | 
             |  _Expect every salesperson in your company to optimize
             | their own compensation. If you want to change their
             | behavior, then change your sales compensation plan to drive
             | the behavior you want._
             | 
             | I don't think this is appreciated enough at the management
             | and CEO level of engineering-based companies.
             | 
             | How many engineering-tied metrics were explicitly part of
             | Boeing's CEO's comp plan? If "Boeing makes less money, but
             | produces safer planes" = more money to the CEO, then that
             | happens.
             | 
             | And yet we're suprised when, absent that, individuals act
             | in their own self interest and optimize for bad engineering
             | outcomes.
        
               | dghlsakjg wrote:
               | This expands to any department, or really any human
               | activity.
               | 
               | I had an econ teacher who loved the phrase Rules,
               | Incentives, Action, Outcome. She even had pens with RIAO
               | printed out for students. The meaning is that each step
               | led inevitably to the other, but also that you could
               | start at the outcome end, and work your way backwards to
               | what rules created that outcome.
        
               | dsr_ wrote:
               | Sales organizations are often the most game-theoretic
               | rational folks in an organization: a large fraction of
               | their compensation is directly attributable to recent
               | efforts.
               | 
               | That doesn't make them honest or efficient or
               | trustworthy, just canny and responsive.
               | 
               | By way of contrast, operations can only be seen
               | negatively (if things are working, that's normal, and if
               | things are not, that's bad) and development usually has
               | conflicting incentives (stability! and features! and
               | responsiveness! and bugfixes!) with cycle times and group
               | responsibilites obscuring attribution.
        
               | gsf_emergency_2 wrote:
               | This is why founder mode "works".. it is a way to
               | overcome game theory* .
               | 
               | (I hope that does not mean that resurrecting George
               | Washington is necessary)
               | 
               | *At least in the von Neumann-Morgenstern style
        
             | marbro wrote:
             | Most of the powerful corporations in 1982 no longer exist
             | or are much smaller because there is great turnover in
             | corporate power. Governments don't lose power unless they
             | lose a war, a rare event today that was common 100 years
             | ago.
        
               | mmooss wrote:
               | Especially look at military contractors, which
               | consolidated significantly since the early 1990s, an
               | intentional change desired by the Department of Defense.
               | 
               | > Governments don't lose power unless they lose a war, a
               | rare event today that was common 100 years ago.
               | 
               | A good point, but of course they do lose power with every
               | election - that's the point, a peaceful transition of
               | power.
        
             | jandrese wrote:
             | "Show me the incentive, and I'll show you the outcome." --
             | Charlie Munger
             | 
             | In other words, if you want to solve a problem you need to
             | align the incentives. If you don't your solution is likely
             | to fail, especially on larger scales.
        
           | MisterTea wrote:
           | > Which, if I'm being totally blunt, are because *American
           | managers* are lazy and don't care about quality and basically
           | do the minimum that won't get them fired.
           | 
           | FTFY.
           | 
           | I care but I am not allowed to. VC only cares about numbers
           | that are larger then previous numbers. They hire management
           | who tells us to make the numbers go up. those numbers go up
           | with production so production is king. Production can be
           | increased with a decrease in quality if we degrade the
           | process or improving the process preserving quality.
           | Improvement takes time and money - two hard things. So
           | degrade it is. It's cheap, fast, and makes management look
           | like a super star. If management doesn't give a shit, why
           | should you?
        
         | cjs_ac wrote:
         | The AUKUS deal is just Australia shovelling money at the US and
         | getting four fifths of fuck all in return, but that's purely
         | for political reasons.
        
           | wkat4242 wrote:
           | Yeah it's basically paying the US for protection.
           | 
           | I don't blame them though because they do have a whole
           | country full of about 15 times as many space-constrained
           | citizens next door (Indonesia)
        
             | willvarfar wrote:
             | That calculus must change with the new administration
        
               | wkat4242 wrote:
               | Yes, just like it does with the EU.
               | 
               | And yes we didn't spend so much on defense as Trump says,
               | but(!) America never really wanted us to be too powerful.
               | They were really happy to play top dog, obviously the
               | more powerful we are as EU, the more viable a
               | geopolitical opponent we are. The US have never really
               | been too happy with nuclear capabilities in Europe and
               | this is the main thing that deters agressors like Russia.
               | Even the UK's is largely built by the US like the Polaris
               | missiles.
        
           | piokoch wrote:
           | Yup, this is how collective security system works. It is far
           | from perfect, but it managed to keep the World in more or
           | less peace for pretty long time. We had wars, sometimes
           | bloody, but still local once.
           | 
           | The corner stone of this system is nuclear weapons
           | nonproliferation. This is, on one hand, unjust - why
           | Australia cannot have its own nuclear arsenal and not be
           | dependent on USA to give them protection? But on the other
           | hand, though, think what would happen if we didn't have
           | proliferation and every second African country had nukes
           | (e.g. Yemen Houthis, Iran, Syria, Sudan, Algeria, etc.).
           | 
           | How Algeria would resolve, say, Algerian-Spanish their
           | territorial dispute if Algeria had nukes and Spain did not?
           | 
           | This system is certainly not perfect, but it worked, we'll
           | see if it will work in future.
        
             | loudmax wrote:
             | The way things are going, we're likely to see how things
             | turn out _without_ the global nonproliferation system. I 'm
             | not looking forward to it.
        
           | mmooss wrote:
           | It binds the two countries together, over the long term, in
           | countering China. There's also a 'track 2' program that
           | brings in other countries in the region.
           | 
           | Countering the Soviet Union in Europe had the advantage that
           | the countries were accustomed to an existing alliance and
           | working together. In the western Pacific, South Korea, Japan,
           | the Philipines, Australia, etc. are not at all used to
           | working together. Many are traditional enemies with long-
           | termm animus. And the distances are enormous.
           | 
           | The top US foreign policy goal since 2020, arguably, has been
           | to bind them together with each other and with the US to
           | counter China. The US has been amazingly successful for such
           | a short time, but it's still far from NATO levels of
           | integration.
        
         | hayst4ck wrote:
         | > I've read biographies of Rickover and not all people who
         | lived through this time are complementary.
         | 
         | History is written by those who remain in power and Rickover
         | was a man who embodied speaking truth to power. His career was
         | largely ended when some corporate powers he spoke truth to
         | finally punished him for his opposition.
         | 
         | > but whatever his lessons are
         | 
         | Rickover was _very_ forward about his lessons:
         | https://govleaders.org/rickover.htm
         | 
         | Near the end of his career he mainly wanted to spend time
         | promoting his own philosophies, however his anti "power"
         | message was obscured via political spectacle and threatening
         | corporate power ensured that those that wrote the history books
         | made sure his accomplishments and philosophy faded into
         | obscurity.
        
           | yodon wrote:
           | Fantastic article on leadership - thanks for linking to it
        
             | selimthegrim wrote:
             | I would just make sure that you read this article to
             | complement it: https://quietwarriors.wordpress.com/wp-
             | content/uploads/2014/...
        
         | mmooss wrote:
         | > Viewed from Australia the current state of US submarine
         | construction is woeful.
         | 
         | It was great for the War on Terror era, when submarines were
         | only useful against the Taliban, Al Qaeda, and ISIS aircraft
         | carriers. :) Spending money on subs, which includes staffing,
         | operating, and maintaining them, was a waste.
         | 
         | Now the US needs to build capacity, which takes time. It turns
         | out that getting the next AI startup moving is faster than
         | building new nuclear submarine manufacturing facilities,
         | training workers, creating supply lines, and building subs.
         | MVPs generally are not good for submarine warfare.
        
       | throwawaymaths wrote:
       | missing from the account is just how much rickover was hated
       | internally by the navy, until he wasn't. IIRC his office was in
       | converted women's room in the pentagon.
        
         | gnfargbl wrote:
         | " _People will forget what you said, people will forget what
         | you did, but people will never forget how you made them feel,_
         | " as Maya Angelou has it.
         | 
         | Rickover, for all his delivery talents, apparently made a good
         | proportion of people feel like shit.
        
           | throwawaymaths wrote:
           | i don't think that's really it. he was hated because of his
           | interactions with his superiors, not generally because of how
           | he treated people below him.
        
             | gnfargbl wrote:
             | The quote applies to everyone!
        
       | pizlonator wrote:
       | His best lesson, in my opinion:
       | https://whatisnuclear.com/rickover.html
       | 
       | His writing style is very good, and he succinctly summarizes the
       | phenomenon where a technology that is substantially complete to
       | the point that it has known issues is looked down upon while a
       | technology that is purely "on paper" (the "paper reactor" as he
       | calls it) is treated as a good alternative, since the paper
       | technology isn't far enough along for the problems to even be
       | known. That's not even a good TL;DR, so you should just read
       | Rickover's essay.
        
         | gnfargbl wrote:
         | It's like the current situation with "vibe coding". An LLM can
         | build you something which demonstrates a principle in some kind
         | of hand-wavy fashion, but the gap between the thing produced by
         | the LLM and a sustainable product is just huge. And, as with
         | the gap between Rickover's paper reactor and his practical
         | reactor, it's often extraordinary difficult to explain to a
         | non-specialist _why_ that is so -- because the difference is
         | all in the detail.
        
           | pizlonator wrote:
           | That's a good analogy!
           | 
           | A lot of the bubbles in our field have been like that.
        
       | bilbo0s wrote:
       | Um.
       | 
       | I don't know how many people on HN have served and heard of
       | Rickover? But I'm pretty sure most people on HN could not
       | function in a Rickover style management context. It gets things
       | done, but it's not terribly polite about going about getting them
       | done.
       | 
       | To the article's credit, it does touch on this aspect of his
       | management style. But engineers today are from the Millennial or
       | GenZ generations. A lot of that just would not fly. I chuckle
       | thinking about the shock and surprise on the average HN'ers face
       | when one morning they come in and find out they're fired because
       | a hypothetical "Rickover" did a code review last night and found
       | a long existing bug they didn't fix yet.
       | 
       | And keep in mind, this hypothetical "Rickover" would review your
       | code, and that of all your reports, _every night_. He doesn 't
       | like the architecture you chose? You're gone. He finds issues in
       | the code of one of your subordinates? That subordinate is gone
       | and you are too.
       | 
       | It's harsh. I'm not sure today's Americans are ready for that?
        
         | throwawaymaths wrote:
         | yeah but this hypothetical rickover wouldn't also be the same
         | person constantly telling them to put off fixing the bug to
         | build out a feature that the nontechnical product manager
         | thinks customers want.
        
         | dctoedt wrote:
         | > _I don 't know how many people on HN have served and heard of
         | Rickover? But I'm pretty sure most people on HN could not
         | function in a Rickover style management context. It gets things
         | done, but it's not terribly polite about going about getting
         | them done._
         | 
         | Ex-Navy nuke here; I had to interview with the KOG [*] to get
         | into The Program.
         | 
         | My guess is that most people on HN would do fine in a Rickover-
         | style program -- albeit likely after some culture shock. After
         | 50 years I can still recite my own interview with the man
         | pretty much verbatim. I served only five years on active duty;
         | I've forgotten most of what I knew about the specific subject
         | of nuclear engineering. But the no-bullshit, face-the-facts
         | general management style that Rickover created and propagated
         | in the nuclear Navy was likely the single biggest professional
         | influence of my life. To this day I regularly quote Rickover to
         | my law students: _You get what you INspect, not what you
         | EXpect._
         | 
         | And _in the fleet_ , most of us nukes were regular people, not
         | nearly as abrasive or peremptory as he could be.
         | 
         | [*] KOG = Kindly Old Gentleman: Of those four things, Rickover
         | was at most two.
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | > [*] KOG = Kindly Old Gentleman: Of those four things, he
           | was at most two.
           | 
           | I must not be hip to the joke. What's the fourth thing?
        
             | dctoedt wrote:
             | > _I must not be hip to the joke. What 's the fourth
             | thing?_
             | 
             | Kindly. Old. Gentle. Man.
        
             | aeontech wrote:
             | Probably breaking it down into [ kindly, old, gentle, man ]
        
         | dctoedt wrote:
         | > _He doesn 't like the architecture you chose? You're gone. He
         | finds issues in the code of one of your subordinates? That
         | subordinate is gone and you are too._
         | 
         | I doubt it would have been that severe unless it was a
         | recurring thing. But it does bring to mind a story told by the
         | USS Enterprise's then-chief engineer, about an episode before
         | my own time aboard. Back in the day, there was a "billet" (org-
         | chart position) known as the "shaft officer"; those were
         | experienced, mid-level officers, as in, late 20s to early 30s
         | in age. Each shaft officer oversaw (IIRC) one of the ship's
         | four propellers and its shaft, along with the specific engine
         | room and two nuclear reactors that drove the shaft.
         | 
         | (Enterprise had a total of eight nuclear reactors in four
         | numbered "plants"; each shaft officer would have been roughly
         | equivalent to the chief engineer of a single-plant ship.)
         | 
         | During one Rickover visit to the Enterprise, an officer is
         | introduced to him as the shaft officer for 3 plant. Rickover
         | immediately asks, "You're the shaft officer? How long is your
         | shaft?" The shaft officer could have given either of two
         | possible answers -- and either answer would have saved him --
         | but he "failed open" and couldn't answer. Rickover supposedly
         | de-nuked him on the spot.
        
           | FootballBat wrote:
           | The oolie to end all oolies.
        
           | haneefmubarak wrote:
           | Wait how are there two answers to this? Is shaft length not a
           | well specified term?
        
             | dctoedt wrote:
             | The question "how long is your shaft" also has a more, um,
             | _personal_ answer ....
        
         | seal4irt wrote:
         | I see what you're saying, but as soon as you go in the
         | direction of "engineers today are from the Millennial or GenZ"
         | I'm writing you off. My boomer parents were spoiled little
         | snowflakes. I spent six years operating Rickover's reactors on
         | US Navy submarines. I actually served on the boat that finally
         | got Rickover fired. So I'm very qualified to say that this has
         | absolutely nothing to do with generational pampering.
         | Rickover's methods wouldn't work anywhere outside of the Navy
         | during the Cold War because even there they were considered
         | draconian and extreme (and generally nutty), and in most of the
         | rest of the world a boss isn't allowed to literally put their
         | employees in jail for any reason they make up.
        
           | FootballBat wrote:
           | >Rickover's methods wouldn't work anywhere outside of the
           | Navy during the Cold War because even there they were
           | considered draconian and extreme (and generally nutty)
           | 
           | What people forget is that Rickover controlled one of the
           | largest budgets in the DoD, so there were people lining up to
           | kiss his ass just to get a piece of that pie regardless of
           | his behavior.
        
             | selimthegrim wrote:
             | Well, seeing as Sam Altman cited him as a role model that
             | tracks.
        
         | _boffin_ wrote:
         | My favorite style is his style and I wish it was more pervasive
         | in the tech sector. At the same time, I understand it's not
         | practical in today's society in a practical sense.
        
           | FootballBat wrote:
           | I alluded to it above, but I'll say it again here: the only
           | reason the K.O.G. was successful was because he controlled
           | one of the largest budgets in the DoD and people were lining
           | up to kiss his ass to get a piece of that pie regardless of
           | his behavior.
        
             | _boffin_ wrote:
             | I think you're right, but also wrong at the same time.
             | 
             | I haven't read as much as I should have on him, but from
             | the stuff live gleaned, his personality didn't change once
             | he got into that position of a large budget. Sure, his
             | persona and leadership style evolved along with him, but it
             | was always there. It's what got him to be what we know
             | today.
        
         | cossatot wrote:
         | Having read Eric Berger's _Reentry_ about SpaceX and having a
         | few friends who work at Tesla, my impression is that those
         | organizations are not too dissimilar. They are also populated
         | largely by millenial and gen Z people because older workers can
         | 't/won't deal with the hours and other working conditions.
         | 
         | Furthermore I think most blue collar American workers, and many
         | white collar workers, are used to the concept of sudden and
         | arbitrary termination.
        
           | bilbo0s wrote:
           | That you are comparing Rickover's nuke program to Tesla and
           | SpaceX kind of illustrates the cultural gap. Anyone at SpaceX
           | ever get jailed for whatever reason his/her boss dreamed up
           | off hand? Any analog to Skipjack at Tesla?
           | 
           | Think about that, today, Tesla and SpaceX are "tough"
           | environments to people.
           | 
           | It's kind of a sign that a lot of people today have no idea
           | how things worked back then. We will definitely have trouble
           | bringing those environments back.
        
           | nradov wrote:
           | So why is the quality and reliability of Tesla products so
           | bad compared to competitors? From an outside perspective it
           | seems like Tesla engineers are generally lazy and
           | incompetent, at least relative to an organization like Naval
           | Reactors which maintains much higher standards.
        
         | upghost wrote:
         | I'm sorry this is getting down voted. The kayfabe surrounding
         | Rickover and the Nuclear Navy is pretty impressive -- it's hard
         | to find anything negative about it when you do an internet
         | search.
         | 
         | For instance, you won't find any mention of the "Skipjack
         | Skydiving Club"[1].
         | 
         | It would be interesting if they released statistics for the
         | suicide rate within the Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program vs.
         | the rest of the population. Anecdotally I would guess 30x.
         | 
         | [1]: "Skipjack", named after a Naval Vessel, is the name of the
         | tallest dormitory at the Goose Creek Naval Weapon's Station
         | Nuclear Power School. I'm sure you can do the math on where the
         | club name came from.
        
         | tristor wrote:
         | > I don't know how many people on HN have served and heard of
         | Rickover? But I'm pretty sure most people on HN could not
         | function in a Rickover style management context. It gets things
         | done, but it's not terribly polite about going about getting
         | them done.
         | 
         | I have never served. I am a Millennial. I prefer Rickover's
         | management style. I thankfully had some of the earliest
         | managers in my career who /had/ served under Rickover and
         | applied this management style.
         | 
         | Some of the things I found very comforting under this
         | management style is:
         | 
         | 1. Everyone would be held accountable and managers would be
         | held accountable for their subordinates
         | 
         | 2. Everyone was expected to actually know their job, and not
         | just hand wave away things. It's okay to say "I don't know",
         | but it's never okay to bullshit.
         | 
         | 3. Outcomes trump platitudes, which means it's absolutely okay
         | to point out the emperor has no clothes.
         | 
         | I've had a very successful career considering my origins, and I
         | attribute a lot of that success to that fact I hold myself
         | strongly accountable in a way that is rare, both in my
         | generation /and/ in older generations. Managers trust me, even
         | in dysfunctional organizations, because I am razor sharp about
         | what I do know, what I reasonably believe/assume, and what I do
         | not know, and I have no qualms whatsoever about speaking the
         | truth to anyone, regardless of title or position. The only
         | times I've ever been reprimanded/fired or otherwise faced
         | career challenges with my behavior were in organizations that
         | were participating in unethical and arguably illegal
         | activities, otherwise I've found that nearly everyone
         | appreciates honesty and accountability, even if it's few and
         | far between in their larger organization.
         | 
         | I think you'd find that for all the ink shed about the
         | necessity of politeness and niceness, that the kindest thing to
         | nearly everyone in the workforce is to be honest to them, both
         | to their face and when they are not present, and to hold them
         | accountable in a fair and even-handed way. Being kind is not
         | being nice, and telling the truth is not always polite, but it
         | makes a team, organization, and the outcome (product) better
         | when people act in this way and that is incontrovertible.
         | Almost everyone prefers to be part of a winning team, a team
         | that produces high quality outcomes, and can clearly point to
         | their contributions to that outcome because they took ownership
         | of their work, accountability for it.
         | 
         | The fact we /don't/ act in this way towards people in younger
         | generations is, in my opinion, one of the reasons there's so
         | many mental health problems and dissatisfaction with life in
         | early adulthood. Nobody feels ownership over anything, and they
         | feel as if they have no control over their own life or anything
         | that surrounds it, just floating along in misery. Taking
         | accountability is the first step to taking control, and having
         | the deep knowledge about the things you do every single day is
         | something that builds a confidence born out of competence that
         | nobody can challenge unjustly. So many people in tech
         | completely lack both competence and accountability, so it is no
         | surprise to me that they suffer deeply due to this.
        
         | lproven wrote:
         | > I don't know how many people on HN... and heard of Rickover?
         | 
         | Eliding "have served" -- not American, don't care.
         | 
         | I suspect the name is familiar to a lot of SF readers, as
         | Rickover reactors play an important part in Kim Stanley
         | Robinson's SF novels about the colonisation of Mars. That's
         | where I know it from.
        
         | psunavy03 wrote:
         | And even if they weren't "ready for it," what does it matter?
         | Give me any asshole leader, no matter how accomplished, and
         | I'll show you someone who would have been even more effective
         | if they'd gotten down off their high horse and worked on their
         | social skills.
         | 
         | Then again, I was an aviator, and find the constant lionizing
         | of Rickover irritating. He was effective in his context, but he
         | also wasn't perfect. And on top of that, his context is not the
         | only one you can learn from, even in the United States Navy.
        
       | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
       | _> without cost overruns_
       | 
       | That's downright un-American!
       | 
       | I love hearing stories about him. One that I have heard, a couple
       | of times, is that a salesgoblin went into his second-floor office
       | at the Pentagon, with a sample of some electronic equipment.
       | 
       | Rickover is said to have grabbed the device, walked over to his
       | window, and dropped it to the ground beneath. He then said
       | something along the lines of "If it still works, we can talk."
        
         | thijson wrote:
         | That's kind of along the lines of something I heard that Steve
         | Jobs did to the iPhone prototype. He threw it in the fish tank
         | and said, all those bubbles are wasted space. Could be this is
         | an urban legend though.
        
           | nradov wrote:
           | I heard the same story about a Japanese consumer electronics
           | executive with a prototype of the first compact video camera.
        
       | CalChris wrote:
       | President Carter served under Admiral Rickover. He was even sent
       | to lead the cleanup of a reactor meltdown.
       | 
       | https://www.usni.org/magazines/naval-history/2025/february/c...
        
         | wkat4242 wrote:
         | Yeah Carter was a really sound guy. Smart and honest. Even
         | after leaving the presidency he negotiated for peace all over
         | the world. I think he doesn't deserve the bad rep he got.
         | 
         | If there's anyone who could have made America "great" it's him.
         | Of course I'm not American so I know I'm butting in where I
         | don't belong..
        
           | readthenotes1 wrote:
           | His presidency was a shambles.
           | 
           | But Carter is far and away the 2nd best ex-president the US
           | ever had (Geo. Washington gets the 1st place nod for choosing
           | to set the custom)
        
           | psunavy03 wrote:
           | He was in over his head as President, but he was still a good
           | man, which is more than many other ex-Presidents from both
           | parties could say.
        
       | pavel_lishin wrote:
       | > _Complex jobs cannot be accomplished effectively with
       | transients._
       | 
       | I love this quote.
        
         | throwawaymaths wrote:
         | tech could seriously learn from his other quote:
         | 
         | > _I did not recruit extraordinary people. I recruited people
         | who had extraordinary potential--and then I trained them._
        
       | sgarland wrote:
       | I'm a former USN Submariner, Nuclear Electronics Technician, and
       | served from 2006 - 2016. Boy do I have some thoughts. Not all
       | quotes here are from TFA, some are from various speeches he gave.
       | 
       | > Free discussion requires an atmosphere unembarrassed by any
       | suggestion of authority or even respect.
       | 
       | This has always been an interesting idea to implement at tech
       | companies. I've not yet been reprimanded for it, but I have
       | definitely gotten raised eyebrows when the CEO or some other
       | higher-up makes a statement, then pauses for replies. It seems
       | like management isn't expecting anyone to do anything other than
       | applaud.
       | 
       | > Responsibility is a unique concept. You may share it with
       | others, but your portion is not diminished. You may delegate it,
       | but it is still with you. If responsibility is rightfully yours,
       | no evasion, or ignorance or passing the blame can shift the
       | burden to someone else. Unless you can point your finger at the
       | man who is responsible when something goes wrong, then you have
       | never had anyone really responsible.
       | 
       | This is my number one source of frustration in tech, specifically
       | in incident management / retrospectives. Companies have fully
       | latched onto blamelessness in such a way that obliterates any
       | responsibility. There is a difference between blaming a person
       | for causing a problem, and holding a person accountable for their
       | actions. The former usually also implies a disinterest in finding
       | and fixing the root cause, instead looking for a scapegoat. That
       | is flawed thinking that will not yield positive results. However,
       | it's also patently absurd to pretend that when Bob has caused 3
       | of the last SEV0s, Bob isn't at least related to the problem. "We
       | need more guardrails," they'll say, and implement automated
       | checks to prevent the specific issue. I have no problem with
       | guardrails, but what bothers me is when the guardrails become so
       | onerous that it's difficult to do my job, and the bottom line is
       | no one is holding Bob accountable. If you are careless with your
       | work, no amount of guardrails will fix that; the problem is you.
       | 
       | > I am not satisfied with bringing an individual to a qualified
       | level once, and then forgetting about him. Therefore, we
       | continually reinforce theoretical and practical training with a
       | continuing training program. This includes frequent practice in
       | plant evolutions and casualty drills.
       | 
       | As much as any sailor hated drills, you can't deny that they
       | work. I was jolted awake once by the sound of the collision
       | alarm, followed by the announcement of flooding. While it turned
       | out that it wasn't flooding, but merely a "controlled seawater
       | leak," (someone messed up a rig for dive and left a valve open;
       | that's an entirely different discussion), the fact remains that
       | everyone knew where they needed to go, and what they needed to
       | do.
       | 
       | Companies, especially / mostly ops-related departments, should
       | practice scenarios. DR, loss of a K8s cluster, whatever. If
       | you've automated everything, terrific; find something new that
       | you haven't automated, and see if people know how to deal with
       | it. This leads me to my next point: understanding fundamentals.
       | 
       | > I recall once several years ago an Admiral, whose
       | conventionally powered ships were suffering serious engineering
       | problems, asked me for a copy of one specific procedure I used to
       | identify equipment which was not operating properly. He believed
       | that would solve his problem, but it did not. That Admiral did
       | not have the vaguest understanding of the problem or how to solve
       | it, he was merely searching for a simple answer, a check off
       | list, that he hoped would magically solve his problem.
       | 
       | and
       | 
       | > One of the elements needed in solving a complex technical
       | problem is to have the individuals who make the decisions trained
       | in the technology involved. A concept widely accepted in some
       | circles is that all you need is to get a college degree in
       | management and then, regardless of the technical subject, you can
       | apply your management techniques to run any program...
       | 
       | Rickover understood that in order to operate things, you have to
       | understand how they work. To this end, the training pipeline for
       | my job began with basic algebra, in order to assure a baseline
       | level of knowledge, and then proceeded through the structure of
       | an atom, electrons, PN junctions, diodes, transistors, and logic
       | circuits, before finally learning a great deal about the CPU
       | (Motorola 68000 when I was a student; I was part of the
       | curriculum overhaul years later to "modernize" it to the Intel
       | 386) at the logic signal level. All this, to operate with massive
       | layers of abstraction. But critically, that fundamental knowledge
       | is there. We could, if absolutely necessary, troubleshoot a logic
       | board (which are simply specialized computers) down to the
       | component level, and desolder / resolder the new one.
       | 
       | Tech largely operated in this manner for decades by necessity. If
       | you asked how to do something, you were told to RTFM. If you
       | instead said, "I read section x.y.z but don't understand what it
       | means," there was a much better chance of someone offering
       | guidance. The onus was on you to understand enough of your
       | current layer to apply it to the abstraction above. Instead, we
       | now have vibe coding, and people pushing PRs having neither
       | written nor tested any of the code. We have people copy/pasting
       | error messages into Slack and asking what they mean, instead of
       | taking the 10 seconds required to read it. We have people who
       | have successfully memorized Leetcode, but who can't apply any of
       | that knowledge to real-world problems.
       | 
       | Rickover was an asshole, but he had an extremely transparent and
       | level requirement of all his employees: know your job inside and
       | out. If you didn't, he would destroy you.
       | 
       | There _has_ to be a middle ground somewhere that modern companies
       | could strive towards.
        
         | selimthegrim wrote:
         | As is pointed out in the article I linked elsewhere in the
         | comments he should've remembered what he said about
         | responsibility when the Thresher happened.
        
           | CobaltFire wrote:
           | You seem to harp on this every single time Rickover is
           | brought up, but I'll make two points:
           | 
           | I can't find evidence of that call anywhere but your single
           | cited source, and that source does not cite it.
           | 
           | He immediately completely overhauled procedures to prevent a
           | reoccurrence of what they thought the most likely issue with
           | the plant, if it did cause the sinking.
        
         | CobaltFire wrote:
         | Another previous Submarine Nuclear ET here.
         | 
         | I agree with you, and it's interesting to look back and realize
         | how many of my outspoken opinions and ideals are simply due to
         | internalizing Rickover's Philosophies. I agree with them,
         | sometimes to my detriment.
         | 
         | I actually had to leave both the Submarine and Nuclear world
         | after an injury, but stayed on in the Aviation and
         | Expeditionary Warfare world until I hit 22 years. I cannot tell
         | you how many times I made enemies by insisting on his lessons
         | in those communities, but I got results. Enough so that I had
         | to fight to retire; they wanted me to stay as long as they
         | could hold me and stick me in another problem spot.
         | 
         | One example that may apply for those on this site (and I'm not
         | trying to make this example for YOU, this is just one I hammer
         | on) is the practice of just pulling in a ton of dependancies
         | without understanding what they do, what you are trying to do,
         | etc. I get that things need to move faster in business to make
         | a profit, but I cannot and will not condone that type of
         | philosophy. Look at the recent slew of compromises due to
         | exactly this behavior, the ballooning system requirements due
         | to it, etc. LLM coding is another such issue; we are going to
         | have a ton of programmers who have no idea how to structure
         | something from a plain sheet of paper, who can't trace down
         | issues in complex code because they don't even know how to read
         | it and chart program flow, etc.
        
           | sgarland wrote:
           | You and I are fully aligned with your example bugbear, fellow
           | Bubblehead.
        
         | Animats wrote:
         | > Rickover understood that in order to operate things, you have
         | to understand how they work....
         | 
         |  _" Tech largely operated in this manner for decades by
         | necessity. If you asked how to do something, you were told to
         | RTFM. If you instead said, "I read section x.y.z but don't
         | understand what it means," there was a much better chance of
         | someone offering guidance. The onus was on you to understand
         | enough of your current layer to apply it to the abstraction
         | above. Instead, we now have vibe coding, and people pushing PRs
         | having neither written nor tested any of the code. We have
         | people copy/pasting error messages into Slack and asking what
         | they mean, instead of taking the 10 seconds required to read
         | it. We have people who have successfully memorized Leetcode,
         | but who can't apply any of that knowledge to real-world
         | problems."_
         | 
         | More than a rant, that is an idea that needs to be more fully
         | developed. For now, it's worth thinking about how tools such as
         | Google, Stack Overflow and now LLMs have made it possible for
         | system complexity to exceed what the people working on it can
         | understand. There used to be an effective upper limit on API
         | complexity from the limits of the human brain. That's been
         | passed. This may or may not be a good thing.
        
       | mikey_p wrote:
       | Gene Kim talks about Rickover quite a bit on the Idealcast
       | podcast. This episode[1] with Michael Nygard has a great story
       | where he shares a memo that Rickover wrote to the representatives
       | that he had at contractor sites. (The context is people in The
       | Naval Reactor Organization or NR, granting waivers to their
       | contractors from NR rules):
       | 
       | > From time to time, I note evidence that NR representatives at
       | field offices, such as a shipyard or laboratory, do not fully
       | understand their primary mission. It is amazing to me how
       | representatives new to these positions uniformly get themselves
       | into the frame of mind, where they conceive of themselves as
       | intermediaries between NR and the contractor. That is, that their
       | job is to judge who is right, NR or the contractor, and then make
       | the decision on their own. In many cases, not even notifying NR.
       | In this way, the NR representative then becomes in effect NR's
       | boss. All NR representatives are of course, encouraged to state
       | their views to me at any time, but it is not their job to assume
       | my responsibility. Another and more serious mistake arises when
       | the NR representative decides what he should or should not report
       | to me. Frequently, he decides not to report things to me because
       | he feels he can handle the matter better himself or he is afraid
       | that by notifying me of the situation, which is his job, I will
       | take ignorant, improper action and upset the applecart. Nearly
       | all NR representatives have had inadequate experience to handle
       | the important and complex tasks they face. I do not expect them
       | to be able to make wise decisions on all matters by themselves.
       | Under some circumstances, it is better to have no NR
       | representative at all because I would not then be lulled into
       | thinking the NR interests are being taken care of. Please bear in
       | mind always that you are the NR representative. That you are to
       | carry out the policies of NR. That you are not to judge NR or to
       | represent the contractor to NR. To achieve the status of a true
       | NR representative requires the acquisition of godlike qualities,
       | but you can try. Signed H.G. Rickover.
       | 
       | [1] https://itrevolution.com/podcast/the-idealcast-episode-10/
        
       | areoform wrote:
       | I was talking to someone who worked at McKinsey and they told me
       | about the pains that the consulting group took to assure everyone
       | that they were the "best and the brightest." That everyone
       | working there was brilliant -- assuredly. And they'd stand
       | around, gassing each other up and sharing these stats... "Top 3%
       | of their graduating class!!!"
       | 
       | If you've watched Game of Thrones (before it lost the plot), you
       | might be aware of the moment where one of the characters turns
       | around to a petulant, teen tyrant-king and says, "Any man who
       | must say, 'I am the King,' is no true king." I think that
       | statement rings true for McKinsey and the obsession a lot of
       | companies have with "hiring the best."
       | 
       | Admiral Rickover was a true king; i.e., the opposite. He didn't
       | hire the "best." No, he hired people with extraordinary potential
       | and then worked with them to develop their potential.
       | 
       | The theater with the chair and his hiring practises were filters
       | to find people with agency whom he could teach how to be capable
       | and smart. I wonder what the modern equivalent is today.
       | 
       | Side note, almost exactly a year ago (~51 weeks), I edited
       | together a video of him talking about how there aren't any
       | extraordinary people waiting to be hired;
       | https://x.com/1517fund/status/1775253578916974606
        
       | smitty1e wrote:
       | His bust is at the entrance of the engineering building, Ricker
       | Hall, at USNA.
       | 
       | The nose is a bright gold-ish hue against the brown of the rest
       | as the Midshipment rub it for luck on their way to exams.
       | 
       | Which never afforded me much, alas.
        
       | pjdesno wrote:
       | I'd have to go back and look through back issues of the New
       | London Day to get any details, but having grown up in the area
       | (graduated high school in '82) I seem to recall that he may have
       | stayed in his position for a number of years past his sell-by
       | date.
        
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