[HN Gopher] Teaching a new way to prevent outages at Google
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       Teaching a new way to prevent outages at Google
        
       Author : motxilo
       Score  : 97 points
       Date   : 2025-03-20 02:36 UTC (20 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (sre.google)
 (TXT) w3m dump (sre.google)
        
       | smcameron wrote:
       | > "The class itself is very well structured. I've heard about
       | STPA in past years, but this was the first time I saw it
       | explained with concrete examples. The Google example at the end
       | was also really helpful."
       | 
       | But the article itself contains no concrete examples.
        
         | eitland wrote:
         | If you can like examples from outside Google, STPA seems to
         | have been around for years:
         | 
         | https://kagi.com/search?q=STPA&r=no&sh=6ZXVCq1feUflSKjoBMMXm...
        
       | primitivesuave wrote:
       | This would have been a lot more compelling had they provided a
       | single real-world example of STPA actually solving a reliability
       | issue at Google.
        
       | ikiris wrote:
       | ... So where's the training or examples of application?
        
         | jldugger wrote:
         | I do see one example at the bottom of
         | https://www.usenix.org/publications/loginonline/evolution-
         | sr.... But I'm not sure it's particularly compelling?
        
       | mianos wrote:
       | This is peak corporate drivel--bloated storytelling, buzzwords
       | everywhere, and a desperate attempt to make an old idea sound
       | revolutionary.
       | 
       | The article spends paragraphs on some childhood radio repair
       | story before awkwardly linking it to STPA, a safety analysis
       | method that's been around for decades. Google didn't invent it,
       | but they act like adapting it for software is a major
       | breakthrough.
       | 
       | Most of the piece is just filler about feedback loops and control
       | structures--basic engineering concepts--framed as deep insights.
       | The actual message? "We made an internal training program because
       | existing STPA examples didn't click with Googlers." That's it.
       | But instead of just saying that, they pad it out with corporate
       | storytelling, self-congratulation, and hand-wringing over how
       | hard it is to teach people things.
       | 
       | The ending is especially cringe: You can't afford NOT to use
       | this! Classic corporate play--take something mundane, slap on
       | some urgency, and act like ignoring it is a reckless gamble.
       | 
       | TL;DR: Google is training engineers in STPA. That's the whole
       | story.
        
         | sepositus wrote:
         | I'm not sure if things have changed over the past five years,
         | but this is exactly the stuff you'd throw in a promotion packet
         | or maybe in a performance (perf) review to hit that mythical
         | "superb" rating.
         | 
         | The breaking point for me (and why I left after almost a
         | decade) was when people started getting high ratings for fixing
         | things they had an original hand in causing. Honestly, the
         | comfiest job in the world if you're a professional bullshitter.
        
           | ikiris wrote:
           | You can't swoop in and be a hero and make impact without a
           | meteor.
        
           | SlightlyLeftPad wrote:
           | What I've been seeing from Google's products lately suggests
           | that these are the only ones still there. It's a house of
           | cards built with professional bullshitters. Google's culture
           | has entered or is already deep within the bullshit era.
        
             | z3t4 wrote:
             | It will happen in all companies that has a monopoly status.
             | If they start to struggle they will just increase the rent.
        
           | dataflow wrote:
           | By "had a hand in causing" do you mean "they should have
           | prevented it", or do you just mean "they were involved in the
           | causation"? Because sometimes you're forced to do things you
           | know are wrong, because that's what other people are making
           | you do, and in that case you still "have a hand" in causing.
        
             | praptak wrote:
             | Something in between. Like "pushed to implement a feature
             | without the safety measures". When outages started to
             | happen implemented Outage Prevention Program, i.e.
             | implemented the safety measures that should have been
             | implemented from the start.
             | 
             | Subsequent data collection demonstrated X% outage frequency
             | drop clearly demonstrating readiness for promotion, data
             | driven.
        
               | sepositus wrote:
               | Exactly this.
        
           | AStonesThrow wrote:
           | It's not easy or popular to link Dilbert these days, but
           | there's a classic cartoon of the PHB announcing their bug
           | bounty program for dev employees, and one of the fellows
           | exclaims that he's going to "code his way to a minivan"!
        
         | agumonkey wrote:
         | Oh wow, shallow communication performative piece in a way ?
        
         | hansmayer wrote:
         | The point about basic engineering concepts is spot on. But I
         | wonder how much it has to do with the creeping in of
         | superficially educated "tech" people across technology sector.
         | Not to downplay the value of self-learning (am a bit of
         | autodidact myself), but the amount of people who switch into
         | the mythical "tech" who have never heard of a differential
         | equation is worrying. Hence companies unfortunately really seem
         | to need to explain concepts like feedback loop to people who
         | only ever heard of it in the context of performance review. The
         | article itself is a word salad though, the start reads like a
         | SEO-optimised cooking blog ;)
        
           | tekla wrote:
           | Woah, hold up, why does anyone need to know math?
        
       | irjustin wrote:
       | I don't understand and I really really want to.
       | 
       | This seems so cool at a scale that I can't fathom. Tell me
       | specifically how it's done at google with regards to a specific
       | service, at least enough information to understand what's going
       | on. Make it concrete. Like "B lacks feedback from C", why is this
       | bad?
       | 
       | You've told me absolutely nothing and it makes me angry.
        
         | SlightlyLeftPad wrote:
         | This has really always been the case with Google philosophy
         | docs. They tend to be very abstract and academic.
         | 
         | The biggest danger is taking everything at face value and
         | structuring your work or organization the same exact way based
         | solely on these documents. The reality is, the vast majority of
         | companies are not Google and will never encounter Google's
         | problems. That's not where the value is though.
        
           | bbkane wrote:
           | Maybe less of a philosophy doc, but I found the Google SRE
           | workbook to have plenty of helpful concrete examples
        
           | twalla wrote:
           | The other thing to consider is a lot of the time these docs
           | are sort of guidelines or wishlists for the way things ought
           | to be - meanwhile an outside observer will assume these are
           | the way things actually are.
        
         | hinkley wrote:
         | This link at the bottom is less confusing:
         | 
         | https://www.usenix.org/publications/loginonline/evolution-sr...
        
       | hinkley wrote:
       | > In one particular case at Google, a software controller-acting
       | on bad feedback from another software system-determined that it
       | should issue an unsafe control action. It scheduled this action
       | to happen after 30 days. Even though there were indicators that
       | this unsafe action was going to occur, no software engineers-
       | humans-were actually monitoring the indicators. So, after 30
       | days, the unsafe control action occurred, resulting in an outage.
       | 
       | Isn't this the time they accidentally deleted governmental
       | databases? I love the attempt at blameless generalization, but
       | wow.
        
         | decimalenough wrote:
         | If you're referring to the time they nuked an Australian
         | retirement fund's VMware setup, no, that was basically a
         | billing screwup. An operator left a field blank, the system
         | assumed that meant a 1-year expiry, and dutifully deleted it
         | after 1 year was up.
         | 
         | https://cloud.google.com/blog/products/infrastructure/detail...
        
           | cynicalsecurity wrote:
           | The most unbelievable thing about that case was that Google
           | actually deleted data instead of keeping then forever and use
           | for ads.
        
             | perching_aix wrote:
             | Username checks out.
        
       | mimikatz wrote:
       | Thanks to all the people here pointing out how bloated, overly
       | broad and useless this is. I went to read it thinking I would
       | pick up something applicable and it was written in such a
       | overwrought humanless style that I gave up learning nothing and
       | thought the problem was me. I am glad to learn I am not alone.
        
       | MinelloGiacomo wrote:
       | STAMP/STPA work well as a model and methodology for complex
       | systems, I was interested in them a while ago in the context of
       | cyber risk quantification. Having a fairly easy model to reason
       | about unsafe control action is not a given in other approaches. I
       | just wish they were adopted by more companies, I have seen too
       | many of them stuck with ERM-based frameworks that do no make
       | sense most of the time when scaled down to working at the system
       | level granularity.
        
       | croisillon wrote:
       | an early April fool's?
        
       | dooglius wrote:
       | > After working with the system experts to build this control
       | structure, we immediately noticed missing feedback from
       | controller C to controller B-in other words, controller B did not
       | have enough information to support the decisions it needed to
       | make
       | 
       | There is a feedback loop through D? And why does the same issue
       | not apply to the missing directed edge from B to D?
       | 
       | EDIT: I figured it out on a reread, the vertical up/down
       | orientation matters for whether an edge represents control vs
       | feedback, so B is merely not controlling D, which is fine. But if
       | B is only controlling C as a way to get through to D (which is
       | what I would have guessed, absent other information), what's the
       | issue with that?
        
       | snorkel wrote:
       | In other words STPA is a design review framework for finding some
       | less obvious failure modes. FMEA is more popular but relies on
       | making a list of all of the knowable failure modes in a system,
       | but the failure modes you haven't thought of don't make it on the
       | list. STPA helps fill in some of those gaps of failure modes you
       | haven't thought of.
        
       | pcdoodle wrote:
       | I'd love for google to just go down and create a vacuum suction
       | sound for a year...
        
       | 1970-01-01 wrote:
       | Ctrl+F "DNS"
       | 
       | Hmm..
        
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       (page generated 2025-03-20 23:02 UTC)