[HN Gopher] The Lost Art of Research as Leisure
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The Lost Art of Research as Leisure
        
       Author : altilunium
       Score  : 423 points
       Date   : 2025-03-19 10:09 UTC (12 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (kasurian.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (kasurian.com)
        
       | geff82 wrote:
       | Currently re-visiting and re-describing old tumulus tombs in my
       | area where the last survey was decades ago and where no current
       | description exists. Also, I found tombs via Lidar maps that have
       | been unaccounted before and I am cataloguing them. All that as a
       | hobby and as a member of an association of local history.
       | 
       | Things can be done and should!!
        
         | vintermann wrote:
         | I'm doing genealogy. Practically everyone in the hobby is doing
         | research for leisure.
        
       | submeta wrote:
       | What a wonderful article! Thanks for sharing!
       | 
       | I've been thinking a lot about how _research_ -- as both leisure
       | and serious inquiry -- is making a comeback in unexpected ways.
       | One sign of that resurgence is the huge interest in so-called
       | "personal knowledge management" (PKM) tools like Obsidian, Roam
       | Research, or Notion. People love referencing Luhmann's
       | Zettelkasten method, because it promises to structure and connect
       | scattered notes into a web of insights.
       | 
       | But here's the interesting part: the _tools_ themselves are often
       | treated as ends in their own right, rather than as vehicles for
       | truly deep research or the creation of original knowledge. We end
       | up collecting articles, or carefully formatting our digital note-
       | cards, without necessarily moving to the next step -- true
       | synthesis and exploration. In that sense, we risk becoming (to
       | borrow from the article) "collectors rather than readers."
       | 
       | I read Mortimer Adler's "How to read a book" 30 years ago. It
       | mentions severl levels of reading-ability. The highest, he says,
       | is "syntopical reading", which is a powerful antidote to this
       | trend mentioned above. Instead of reading one source in isolation
       | or simply chasing random tangents, syntopical reading demands
       | that we gather _multiple_ perspectives on a single topic. We
       | compare their arguments and frameworks, actively looking for
       | deeper patterns or contradictions. This process leads to truly
       | "connecting the dots" and arriving at new insights -- which, in
       | my view, is one of the _real_ goals of research.
       | 
       | So doing research well requires:
       | 
       | 1. *A sense of wonder*: the initial spark that keeps us
       | motivated.
       | 
       | 2. *A well-formed question*: something that orients our curiosity
       | but leaves room for discovery.
       | 
       | 3. *Evidence gathering from diverse sources*: that's where
       | syntopical reading really shines.
       | 
       | 4. *A culminating answer* (even if it simply leads to more
       | questions).
       | 
       | 5. *Community*: sharing and testing ideas with others.
       | 
       | What stands out is that none of this necessarily requires an
       | academic institution or official credentials. In fact, it might
       | be even better done outside formal structures, where curiosity
       | can roam freely without departmental silos. In other words,
       | _anyone_ can be an amateur researcher, provided they move beyond
       | the mere collection of ideas toward genuine synthesis and
       | thoughtful communication.
        
         | biofox wrote:
         | "How to read a book" sounds like a ridiculous premise for a
         | book, but I can't recommend it highly enough. It's one of the
         | best introductions to academic skills I've ever read. I
         | assimilated much of Adler's advice at university through trial-
         | and-error, but seeing the reading process analysed and
         | systematised into an algorithm was genuinely enlightening.
         | 
         | Worth noting that Adler was also the editor of Encyclopdia
         | Britannica's Great Books Series:
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Books_of_the_Western_Wor...
        
           | submeta wrote:
           | I learned more about intellectual etiquette & inquiry from
           | this book than from my teachers and professors. And I learned
           | about the canon of european / western literature.
        
         | ikr678 wrote:
         | The best home cooks I know do this meta or syntopical reading.
         | For a new dish, gather a few different recipe sources and then
         | look at all the common elements, and work from there.
        
         | zvr wrote:
         | This comment is better than the submitted post.
        
         | mmooss wrote:
         | > Community: sharing and testing ideas with others.
         | 
         | Where do you find community interested in serious amatuer
         | research?
        
       | tokai wrote:
       | Don't buy it at all. Global book market is healthy and as big as
       | it ever was. Most of us a reading more in a day that even
       | scholars did in a month two centuries ago. It has never been more
       | accessible to research any kind of subject and phenomenon than it
       | is now.
       | 
       | The article is rolling out the same old bourgeois doomsday theory
       | people like Stefan Zweig and McLuhan subscribed to. Luckily the
       | democratization of literacy or even leaving the medium of the
       | book behind is the opposite of an issue.
        
         | ravenstine wrote:
         | This is why my brain kind of short-circuits when I'm asked the
         | question "do you like to read?"
         | 
         | I know what most people actually mean by that, but my gears
         | start turning because not only do I know that I read more than
         | any of my ancestors. Reading is like breathing to me.
         | 
         | I guess I do it out of leisure in a sense, but it's a way of
         | life in many respects. Perhaps I don't read much fiction, but
         | not a day goes by that I'm not cracking open an encyclopedia
         | (aka Wikipedia), reading blog posts, investigating research
         | papers, and reading some eBook I've stripped the DRM from on my
         | Kobo.
         | 
         | And I'm an oddball - so if I'm reading that much, then surely
         | there are plenty of people out there reading stuff.
         | 
         | I do sometimes wonder whether Gen Z and Alpha are even reading
         | anything outside of school anymore, but that's probably more of
         | that doomsday crap I'm prone to slipping into as I gradually
         | become an old man.
        
           | SeaGully wrote:
           | The boom of Romantasy seems to be attributed at least
           | partially to GenZ. So depending on how you classify reading
           | Sci-Fi/Fantasy/Romantasy GenZ is definitely still reading.
        
         | mmooss wrote:
         | > It has never been more accessible to research any kind of
         | subject and phenomenon than it is now.
         | 
         | Absolutely - it's a miracle, almost. But relatively few people
         | really do it because they are rarely pursuing truth. They are
         | reading and watching misinformation and disinformation.
         | 
         | > Global book market is healthy and as big as it ever was. Most
         | of us a reading more in a day that even scholars did in a month
         | two centuries ago.
         | 
         | Enjoy yourself; still, most of that is social media and that's
         | equating things based on their medium. It's like saying, 'I
         | look at lots of paintings' when you're talking about your
         | walls, because Jackson Pollack's art and your walls both use
         | paint and some of it even splattered.
         | 
         | Also among books, there are instant romances and _On the Origin
         | of Species_ and _Analects_. There 's nothing wrong with the
         | former, but the fact that they all share a medium is almost
         | meaningless.
         | 
         | > democratization
         | 
         | I'm familiar with the expression, but I think it's an attempt
         | by propagandists and nihilists to ennoble their work. It's
         | 'democratization' that they can spread misinformation and
         | disinformation. Social media is not comparable to books; it's
         | professional media, only 100x worse.
        
       | bsindcatr wrote:
       | I perused the three posts on this blog, and believe that an LLM
       | was heavily used, because I used one daily, and this is the way
       | its content reads.
       | 
       | The leisure the author speaks of may be their own, and the
       | research of which they speak today may be done by a machine.
       | 
       | I think the intent is good, and if you as the reader get insight
       | from it, then it is still valid, but I cannot read it, because I
       | don't feel a thread of consciousness helping me experience life
       | with them.
       | 
       | If an author chose to instead pair with an LLM to research on
       | their own and write themselves about it, perhaps it would be
       | different.
       | 
       | Why do these posts keep getting to the front and even to the top
       | of the HN feed? We are no better than machines, I guess.
        
         | arjunaaqa wrote:
         | I feel the same way.
        
         | booleandilemma wrote:
         | I see the blogger only has 1 post.
        
       | dynm wrote:
       | One of the underrated downsides of the professionalization of
       | research is how much it sucked the "fun" out of things. It's
       | strange, but research papers in most fields are written very
       | differently from how people actually talk to each other.
       | Professional researchers still communicate informally like normal
       | humans, in ways that are "fun" and show much more of how they
       | came up with ideas and what they are really thinking. But this is
       | very hard for outsiders to access.
        
         | JohnKemeny wrote:
         | One of my favorites:
         | 
         | https://thorehusfeldt.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/soda201...
        
         | FollowingTheDao wrote:
         | Agree! I spent the last 15 years teaching myself genetics and
         | human biology. I will send emails to researchers and we often
         | some long, interesting, conversations. I even assisted a
         | researcher at Stanford, helping her set up a study on a
         | nutritional genetics. And another even stole my idea about
         | ethanol addiction and did a study on it as well.
         | 
         | They have no idea I only have a degree in American History and
         | Secondary Education. When they do ask some actually get upset
         | thinking that I was tricking them! I used to get upset, but I
         | know now how much some people hold their degree close to their
         | ego.
         | 
         | Science needs more "art", that is the fun part.
        
         | adestefan wrote:
         | Adam Mastroianni talks about this a lot. His best example is
         | at:
         | 
         | https://www.experimental-history.com/p/things-could-be-bette...
        
       | brightball wrote:
       | I started reading history as a hobby a few years after college
       | when I heard some things from people that just didn't make sense
       | or didn't seem true. So I picked up a booked that was well cited,
       | read it while checking the citations after each chapter. Between
       | the Library of Congress and Google, checking original sources has
       | never been easier.
       | 
       | It was a really mind blowing exercise. Much more interesting than
       | fiction.
       | 
       | When I do Bible study now I do it the same way, find whatever
       | sources I can to cross reference with other history at the time.
       | Strongly recommend it.
       | 
       | What's funny is that history is the subject I was least
       | interested in all through school.
        
         | pplonski86 wrote:
         | Could you please recommend some history books?
        
           | JadeNB wrote:
           | The book that really got me hooked was _The rise and fall of
           | the Third Reich_ , by William Shirer. He was a journalist in
           | Berlin before WWII, and you can see the journalistic
           | background shine through in his narrative. A lot of what I've
           | read since then has been in trying to trace back the
           | references he gives to how the events of WWII recapitulated
           | older conflicts, which I then went and found references in
           | which to learn about.
           | 
           | Barbara Tuchman is a delightful mostly medieval historian,
           | and Mary Beard is a wonderful Roman historian. Both have a
           | decidedly personal voice, which happened to click well with
           | me; your milage may vary.
           | 
           | Someone else in the thread mentioned Simon Sebag Montefiore,
           | and I've enjoyed most of what he's written. It feels a little
           | less scholarly than some other popular historical sources,
           | but that's just an informal impression from a tyro.
           | 
           | Lots of people enjoy Yuval Harari, but I do not enjoy him at
           | all.
        
           | sethammons wrote:
           | A people's history of the united states is a good one. Most
           | history is written by the generals and leaders. This account
           | is colored by the oft ignored people.
        
             | Der_Einzige wrote:
             | These days, Howard Zinn, Chomsky, and most other left wing
             | intellectuals of yesteryear have lost their cultural power.
             | 
             | It doesn't help that most of these folks are 1. So sold
             | into the "American intelligence bad" narrative that they
             | look at every left wing crack point and act like nothing
             | bad happened under them.
             | 
             | Even Allende, the classic example of a "good Marxist"
             | leader, was a total asshole and likely deserved to be shot.
             | Zinn isn't going to tell you that or about when the US IC
             | got it right... they also won't mention that the ultra
             | conservative death squads were still often the lesser of
             | the two evils.
             | 
             | Sorry, but Howard Zinn is post modern neo Marxism. Might as
             | well go read Deleuze or Foucault.
             | 
             | Also sad to realize that the left in general has been
             | extremely neutered. The plot to "Canadian Bacon" by Micheal
             | Moore is happening IRL and no one even knows that movie
             | exists except random old American leftists.
        
               | mmooss wrote:
               | > lost their cultural power
               | 
               | Should people only read what's popular, what the dominant
               | culture approves of? Are more unpopular ideas more wrong?
               | You apparently dislike Chomsky; would you have liked
               | Chomsky more when those books were more popular?
               | 
               | > the "American intelligence bad" narrative
               | 
               | You are ignorant of these issues if that is your
               | understanding. Certainty also seems to support that, as
               | does the ranting.
        
               | TimorousBestie wrote:
               | "Postmodern Neomarxism" basically doesn't exist outside
               | of a few fringe academics. Recommend you read Derrida's
               | _Spectres of Marx_, which goes into detail about how dead
               | academic Marxism was even in 1993 (spoiler: it's even
               | deader now). His hopes for a "New International" never
               | materialized and died with him.
               | 
               | Even Zizek's more recent _Too Late to Awaken_ is a
               | depressing slog of an elegy, and he is the closest thing
               | to a real "Neomarxist" you could ask for.
               | 
               | Relatedly, Foucault and Deleuze do not write anything
               | remotely like Zinn. Comparing them is wholly meaningless,
               | they're playing entirely different games.
        
               | Der_Einzige wrote:
               | That particular book is of special interest to me as a
               | stirner shill/fanatic. The "Specter of Marx" he's
               | refering to is Max Stirner! Derrida is trying to answer
               | the question of "Why did Stirners book, The Unique and
               | its Property, trigger Marx to write The German Ideology
               | and dedicate over 300 pages to shitting on stirner?".
               | 
               | I've cover to cover read that book, and it's garbage dog
               | shit just like Zizek is. The moment that you start trying
               | to wax poetic about whose what ism is when you become
               | post-modern neo marxism. It's academic ivy league
               | eliteist careerism and its disgusting. Fashionable
               | nonsense. Zinn and Zizek are playing the exact same game.
               | One just writes more coherently than the other.
               | 
               | If you think Hegel or Marx are worth citing, you're a
               | pomo/fraud. If you think Psychoanalysis/Freud are worth
               | citing, you're a pomo/fraud. Deleuze killed himself. Mark
               | fischer killed himself. Althussar killed his wife.
               | Wilhelm Reich was a loony who after writing his analysis
               | of the sexuality of fascism went nuts about "Orgone"
               | machines. Foucault, Sartre/De Bouvier were pedos and
               | collaborators. Even my favorite half-breed of pluralism
               | mixed with pomo shit, Arendt, was in love with the arch
               | nemesis of "oh they were literally a nazi " pomos -
               | Heidigger! And who can forgot Carl Schmitt?
               | 
               | JUST WRITE THESE IDIOTS ALL OFF ALREADY AND LEAVE THEM IN
               | THE DUST BIN OF HISTORY!
        
             | pjmorris wrote:
             | I took someone's suggestion to read a more orthodox US
             | history 'A History of the American People', Paul Johnson,
             | before diving in to the Zinn book.
        
               | mmooss wrote:
               | How do you compare them? Johnson, iirc, is conservative
               | (is that right?); Zinn is liberal.
        
             | deepsun wrote:
             | > Critics assert blatant omissions of important historical
             | episodes, uncritical reliance on biased sources, and
             | failure to examine opposing views.
        
               | sethammons wrote:
               | and this history texts are provided as a counter balance
               | to the biased sources and failure to examine opposing
               | views of other history texts.
               | 
               | take in a range and make informed decisions. When a book
               | presents any factoid, something else was chosen to not be
               | presented. And that choice colors the narrative. Those
               | who say "teach the facts" miss that the facts chosen
               | paint a bias.
        
               | deepsun wrote:
               | You basically say that everyone is biased, take the
               | middle.
               | 
               | But I've seen with my own eyes living in dictatorial
               | countries, that there are wild differences in how much
               | bias there are. If one source lies 5% of the facts and an
               | opposing source lies 95% of the facts, taking the middle
               | leaves you with 50% lies, heavily biased to one side.
               | You'd better just go with the first completely and have
               | only 5% lies.
               | 
               | I've read several real scientific historical papers, and
               | I immediately see they don't work like that. They are
               | typically very-very boring, with tons of views and
               | sources mentioned, considered and scrutinized. In fact,
               | that's a good test for how scientific is a paper -- real
               | scientist knows about all the works in their field, so
               | omission of anything is a red flag. So they really strive
               | to include everything available.
        
               | sethammons wrote:
               | One history says Christopher Columbus sailed across the
               | ocean with his three ships and made friends with the
               | Indians.
               | 
               | Another history says, with quotes from him, that the
               | people he found are very friendly and will make great
               | slaves.
               | 
               | I'm not saying take the middle. I'm saying there is a
               | narrative. Who's story are you hearing and why? The usual
               | narrative we get supports those with power. Who's
               | narrative is suppressed and why?
               | 
               | You get a narrative about Columbus the explorer and
               | bringer of civilization to the new world. The other
               | narrative is that he brought untold suffering and
               | despair. Did he expanded European civilization and
               | manifest destiny, or did he murder and enslave and
               | subjugate people and their children to the horrors of
               | chattel slavery?
               | 
               | Which one is a lie? Which is fact or not fact? It's both.
               | It's neither. It is the narrative that is painting the
               | story that is being told.
               | 
               | > so omission of anything is a red flag
               | 
               | you would then agree that all the factoids and accounts
               | presented in A People's History of the United States
               | _not_ being present in other works and education of our
               | students is a red flag. But, honestly, and you know this,
               | you can't include _all_ the facts and stories. By picking
               | something, something else is not included.
               | 
               | You pick a photo to share of your family smiling, you
               | didn't pick the photo of them fighting. Is your photo a
               | lie? Heck, you may not have even thought to take a photo
               | of the family fighting. Now future generations will only
               | see the good times grandpa had. Is that a lie?
               | 
               | A People's History is littered with first hand accounts
               | and journal entries. It is full of quotes to other
               | authors who've collected similar. If you can point to the
               | 95% of lies it contains, that would be great. I don't
               | think you can though. I think the best you can say is
               | that you disagree with the narrative, and to do so, you
               | must ignore the real stories from real people.
        
           | vonunov wrote:
           | Handwriting in America, Thornton
        
         | i_love_retros wrote:
         | Curious, what events are documented in the bible that
         | correspond to actual historical events? Does it have good
         | historical accuracy for the time it was written? (forgive my
         | ignorance, I have never read the bible)
         | 
         | Have you read Jerusalem by Simon Sebag Montefiore? I admit I
         | didn't finish it, but what I did read was very interesting.
         | Although I admittedly didn't fact check it.
        
           | rgrieselhuber wrote:
           | I'd recommend to just start reading it to get a feel for it.
           | It's not all history, there is poetry, proverbs, lawgiving,
           | etc.
        
           | fpsvogel wrote:
           | The relationship of the Bible to history is complicated. I
           | recommend the "Pete Ruins ____" episodes of The Bible for
           | Normal People podcast, which is fun but also grounded in the
           | academic field of biblical studies. Here's the first one for
           | Genesis, where the historical aspects are especially complex
           | and interesting:
           | https://thebiblefornormalpeople.com/episode-277-pete-enns-
           | pe...
        
           | derektank wrote:
           | With respect to the New Testament, Josephus' "Antiquities of
           | the Jews" is the most contemporary historical account of the
           | region, written in the late 1st century, and attests to the
           | execution of John the Baptist by Herod Antipas, the rule of
           | Pontius Pilate in Judea, and some other events attested to in
           | the New Testament. Some of these events are themselves
           | corroborated by Roman authors and archaeological evidence,
           | such as coins and the Pilate stone.
        
           | dustincoates wrote:
           | The Bible is a mixture of history, poetry, wisdom literature,
           | and much more. There's a really fascinating study Bible (ESV
           | Archaeology Study Bible) that does a fantastic job of putting
           | everything into its historical, sociopolitical, and
           | geographical context.
        
           | randomNumber7 wrote:
           | A prince of Egypt that believed in the religion of the sun
           | was forced to leave and took some slaves with him. For
           | example.
        
         | freilanzer wrote:
         | Same with geopolitics now, since the USA have basically sided
         | with Russia against Ukraine. I want to have a solid background
         | to be able to interpret current events and tendencies.
        
           | LastTrain wrote:
           | You've been siding with Russia since 1776?
        
             | JKCalhoun wrote:
             | (We had a kind of falling out when Capitalism felt
             | threatened.)
        
             | JadeNB wrote:
             | > You've been siding with Russia since 1776?
             | 
             | Huh? In most senses of "siding with," I don't think that
             | this statement has really been true for this broad a sweep
             | of US history.
        
               | LastTrain wrote:
               | To say I misread your original comment would be an
               | understatement, my apologies.
        
               | JadeNB wrote:
               | I am not freilanzer, who made the comment
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43410830 to which
               | you responded, so, if you do think an apology is
               | warranted, then it should probably be to them.
        
         | saulpw wrote:
         | > What's funny is that history is the subject I was least
         | interested in all through school.
         | 
         | Indeed, history is largely lost on kids. You need to see some
         | real world events play out before you can care about history.
         | 
         | I also think, if you're going to teach history to children, it
         | should be taught in reverse chronology. Basically here's what's
         | happening now, and that's due to what happened last year, which
         | is due to what happened last decade, etc. Work your way back to
         | the Greeks and Babylonians. Like James Burke's Connections.
        
           | vik0 wrote:
           | >it should be taught in reverse chronology. Basically here's
           | what's happening now, and that's due to what happened last
           | year, which is due to what happened last decade, etc
           | 
           | Boy, oh boy, you will hate Karl Popper if you ever decide to
           | read him lol
        
       | thehyperflux wrote:
       | I do a ton of product research for leisure...
        
       | markus_zhang wrote:
       | Don't know about you guys, but reading has become more and more
       | of a burden for me.
       | 
       | It is as if -- I have greatly narrowed my interest such that most
       | books are not interesting any more. Even the sci-fi and fantasy
       | books, once I loved, lost their magic.
       | 
       | Nowadays there are only two types of books that excite me: 1)
       | those about software/hardware engineering, such as iWoz(I even
       | bought a few Tom Swift JR books for my son), Showstopper and Soul
       | of the New Machine, and 2) books about existentialism such as
       | Shestov's philosophy books.
       | 
       | I suspect it has something to do with getting older and getting
       | kid(s).
       | 
       | What about you guys?
        
         | thinkingtoilet wrote:
         | I wonder if after you've read the classics and modern greats
         | you have to start searching out and take chances on books you
         | don't know. I also think people will happily walk away from a
         | show or movie but for some reason won't walk away from a book.
         | If you're 30% in and you hate it, just walk away.
        
           | markus_zhang wrote:
           | Yeah I feel that too. It's kinda hard to go away from a book,
           | even a borrowed one and I have no idea why. Maybe I'm trying
           | to convince myself that I should like the book but I don't.
           | 
           | I used to read a lot of books including classics and others
           | when I was younger, before 25, but then Internet took off so
           | I barely read books. When my son was born a few years ago I
           | tried to go back and found my interests narrowed to a niche.
           | 
           | Anyway, maybe I shouldn't complain as it helps to focus...
        
           | latexr wrote:
           | > I also think people will happily walk away from a show or
           | movie
           | 
           | I'm not so sure. I feel like people may walk away from a show
           | in between seasons, when a new one comes out and they realise
           | they aren't interested anymore. But in the age of binge
           | watching, it's harder to realise "I'm not actually enjoying
           | this" because each episode is made to be addictive.
           | 
           | With movies, my feeling is that even when people realise
           | midway they're not enjoying it, they experience sunk cost and
           | will watch to the end hoping it gets better.
           | 
           | I remember (but I'm not finding) a This American Life segment
           | about a woman who relished in exiting the movie theatre
           | midway through a feature. It wasn't seen as a common thing.
           | 
           | > but for some reason won't walk away from a book. If you're
           | 30% in and you hate it, just walk away.
           | 
           | I completely agree. I'd even say you could do it sooner than
           | 30%.
        
         | nottorp wrote:
         | The question is, have you stopped reading same-ish books only
         | to watch same-ish TV series?
         | 
         | While various obligations can reduce your entertainment time,
         | I've noticed that most people complaining about that tend to be
         | able to list tens of Netflix series that they watched. And then
         | wonder why I have no idea what they're talking about and when I
         | have time to read.
         | 
         | > Even the sci-fi and fantasy books, once I loved, lost their
         | magic.
         | 
         | Have they, or have you finished all the great books that were
         | published before the present, and now need to wait for someone
         | to write new great books?
         | 
         | 95% of what gets published in a year in any medium is probably
         | only worth watching/reading if you're _very_ bored. Your saving
         | grace when you are born is there is a century of previously
         | published good stuff. But you 're eventually going to run out.
        
           | watwut wrote:
           | > Have they, or have you finished all the great books that
           | were published before the present, and now need to wait for
           | someone to write new great books?
           | 
           | I know that for me, the kind of books I used to like lost
           | appeal. I would read them multiple times, but I just do not
           | find them pleasurable anymore. It is not about me finishing
           | all the great books humanity wrote up to now. It is about me
           | changing.
           | 
           | For the record, the same thing happened with some
           | movies/series. They used to be super great, when I am trying
           | to rewatch they are not.
        
           | markus_zhang wrote:
           | I don't watch movies or TV shows very much.
           | 
           | For TV shows I keep going back to the same ones I loved, that
           | is the X-Files. And I can't even think of a second one I'd go
           | back to watch...damn there is really no other TV show I'm
           | going to watch, unless you count kids show such as Bluey.
           | 
           | For movies I'm also going back to the ones I loved to watch.
           | I think I did add maybe a few throughout the years, but it's
           | safe to say that most of the movies in my library are older
           | than 10 years old.
           | 
           | The thing about movies and shows is, reality can be weirder
           | and more interesting. Most of the movies and TV shows are
           | pretty naive when they try talking about politics or such.
        
         | carlosjobim wrote:
         | Without even knowing you, I think I know exactly what is your
         | problem. You're not reading with an open mind. Most people only
         | read books where they agree with the author and agree with the
         | books content. Get some books that you'd probably find
         | disagreeable, and read them with the benefit of the doubt.
         | Assume the author is right, and if you really can't do that,
         | just remember that the writer is probably dead since long and
         | it's just a reflection of how some people thought at the time.
         | 
         | I found that disagreeable viewpoints very seldom takes away any
         | value of a book. Much worse is if it's written badly,
         | repetitive, slow, etc.
         | 
         | Have you read the Bible? It's shockingly different from what
         | people believe is written there. It is a post-apocalyptic
         | survival guide, as well as a collection of human stories and
         | ideas that might date back hundreds of thousands of years.
         | 
         | Have you read the Quran? Reading it is essential to
         | understanding Muslims and their faith. It is first and foremost
         | an anti-christian book, and the faith is foremost anti-
         | christian. Just as christendom at one time was foremost anti-
         | pagan.
         | 
         | There's an immense wealth in mythology from all over the world
         | to read, which takes you on journeys much more profound than
         | any fantasy book.
         | 
         | Have you read the communist manifesto? It is a short pamphlet,
         | energetic and quite fun to read. Even an anti-communist can
         | understand why it riled up so many people.
         | 
         | Have you read the books written by historical figures, instead
         | of about historical figures. The former is much more
         | interesting, while the latter is written by some dusty
         | professor with an agenda.
         | 
         | Think about the most provocative book you can imagine and go
         | and read it. It's just letters on paper, nothing more.
         | 
         | As for sci-fi and fantasy, you shouldn't read that. You only
         | have one life, why would you waste it? You can and should read
         | von Brauns book "Mars Project", which is the only science
         | "fiction" book which should have been written.
         | 
         | For fiction, there are hundreds of classics, and the older the
         | more interesting.
         | 
         | When I read a book and there's an interesting reference to
         | another book, I always download that book as well. This takes
         | you down paths that you never thought existed, and now I have a
         | couple hundred books already on my reading list. If one is a
         | dud, I just delete it.
        
           | ComposedPattern wrote:
           | > Have you read the Bible? It's shockingly different from
           | what people believe is written there. It is a post-
           | apocalyptic survival guide, as well as a collection of human
           | stories and ideas that might date back hundreds of thousands
           | of years.
           | 
           | You must mean hundreds _or_ thousands, right? Modern homo-
           | sapiens are not hundreds of thousands of years old.
           | 
           | > Have you read the Quran? Reading it is essential to
           | understanding Muslims and their faith. It is first and
           | foremost an anti-christian book, and the faith is foremost
           | anti-christian. Just as christendom at one time was foremost
           | anti-pagan.
           | 
           | I've only read parts of the Quran in translation, and I
           | wouldn't say that I understand it that well. It's not
           | organized in a narrative structure like the bible, and there
           | are a lot of parts that are impossible to understand without
           | outside knowledge, like a surah that condemns Abu Lahab but
           | doesn't explain who he was [1]. The Quran is not really the
           | sort of book that you can just read on its own without
           | guidance and expect to understand.
           | 
           | So, with the preface that you should take what I have to say
           | about the Quran with a grain of salt, I'm not sure how you
           | could take away that it's _primarily_ an anti-Christian text.
           | Yes, it criticizes Christians and Jews a lot, but it also has
           | good things to say about them. For example:
           | 
           | "Indeed, the believers, Jews, Christians, and Sabians--
           | whoever truly believes in Allah and the Last Day and does
           | good will have their reward with their Lord. And there will
           | be no fear for them, nor will they grieve." [2]
           | 
           | The main villains of the Quran are polytheists (like Abu
           | Lahab). It talks about them a lot more and never has anything
           | good to say [3]. By contrast, the New Testament barely even
           | mentions polytheists or pagans - most of its criticism is
           | directed against Jews.
           | 
           | Muslims traditionally believe that Jesus was the messiah,
           | that he was born of a virgin, that he performed miracles, and
           | that he's going to return and rule the world in a future era
           | [4]. It's also said that Muhammad was identified as a prophet
           | by a Christian monk named Bahira [5]. Early on, Orthodox
           | Christians identified Islam as a heretical form of
           | Christianity, not a different religion [6]. These do not seem
           | like traits of a religion that is foremost anti-Christian.
           | 
           | [1] https://quran.com/111
           | 
           | [2] https://quran.com/2/62
           | 
           | [3] https://quran.com/search?query=polytheist
           | 
           | [4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesus_in_Islam
           | 
           | [5] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahira
           | 
           | [6] https://archive.org/details/johnofdamascuson0000saha
        
             | carlosjobim wrote:
             | It's easy for anybody to find a Quran and read it for
             | themselves. The book cannot be more clear and concise
             | regarding christians. Considering that Mohammad was
             | familiar with christianity, and that the message most
             | repeated in the Quran is that you should not join God with
             | other gods and that you will go to hell if you do - I would
             | say that the primary message of the book is anti-christian.
             | Not against Jesus, but against those who worship him as
             | God.
             | 
             | The most famous saying in Islam (which you all know) is
             | clear about the strict monotheistic message. While the most
             | famous saying in Christendom (which you all know), is clear
             | about the trinity message.
             | 
             | As for joining God with other gods, this became a hallmark
             | of Christendom even more so than just the trinity. But this
             | is also after the time of Mohammad, and bears no relevance
             | when talking about the Quran.
             | 
             | No matter which, the Quran and the Bible are two very
             | different scripts, even though there is a popular belief
             | that they are similar. Anybody who has read both can see
             | that similarities are very few.
        
         | JKCalhoun wrote:
         | Sci-fi and fantasy suited me when I was young as they stretched
         | my mind to possibility.
         | 
         | The older and more cynical I have become, they're kind of just
         | bullshit. I'd love to say their escapist but they fail even
         | there as I my escapism increasingly requires a modicum of
         | plausibility. I think there are still some books out there that
         | might ring true in terms of seeing people and society for the
         | way they are, but then there is a lot of Harry Potter.
        
           | mmooss wrote:
           | What you describe you want is, in a sense, the definition of
           | 'serious' literature. A value of it is that it has real
           | insight about real people and life.
           | 
           | A lot of people reject it - because of school/authority
           | associations, because they didn't understand it in high
           | school, for culture war reasons, etc. When you put all that
           | aside and just read the book, it is what you describe - the
           | 'great' writing offering soaring, beautiful, tranformative
           | insight, the work of genius.
           | 
           | I think it's hard to understand without experience in the
           | world and life - real responsibility, pressure, failure,
           | success, real injury, healing, trauma, seeing evil and good
           | in yourself - whatever your age. I'm not sure it's accessible
           | for most high schoolers and often people don't try it again.
        
           | markus_zhang wrote:
           | Yeah I get the same feeling about books, movies and TV shows.
           | 
           | The moment that they try to talk about politics or something
           | serious, I feel they fell short. Reality is way more complex
           | than what they are trying to reveal.
           | 
           | But I'm going to try some hard sci-fi and see what happens.
        
         | mattlondon wrote:
         | Genuinely I cannot remember the last time I read a _book_. I
         | read absolute crap-tons of interesting stuff online, but books?
         | Those out-of-date, read-only, closed-perspectives from people
         | with _their_ ideas /thoughts/biases/prejudices they're trying
         | to implant into your brain? Nope.
         | 
         | I think there is a lot of elitism about reading and the
         | intellectualism around it. "What books are you reading right
         | now?" is a sort of shibboleth or even one-upmanship ("Oh yes I
         | read that _last year_ - you should read this other thing that
         | _I_ think is better /more clever" etc).
         | 
         | Don't play the game. If you don't like reading books and don't
         | get much out of it, don't do it.
         | 
         | I get a secret glee when I have mentees and younger folks
         | asking me about what books to read to achieve success or get
         | hired etc, and I tell them "don't waste your time reading books
         | - learn <thing> instead." It ruffles feathers, and I am sure
         | I'll get roasted on here too, but there you go! :)
        
           | JadeNB wrote:
           | > I think there is a lot of elitism about reading and the
           | intellectualism around it. ... Don't play the game. If you
           | don't like reading books and don't get much out of it, don't
           | do it.
           | 
           | I wholeheartedly agree with the sentiment that it's good to
           | get your knowledge wherever you enjoy getting it, as long as
           | it's from a reliable source and you're checking them when
           | possible for any claims you intend to rely on. With that
           | said, I think that:
           | 
           | > Genuinely I cannot remember the last time I read a book. I
           | read absolute crap-tons of interesting stuff online, but
           | books? Those out-of-date, read-only, closed-perspectives from
           | people with something they're trying to say? Nope.
           | 
           | may go too far the other direction in implying that books
           | have nothing valuable to offer, which I think isn't true.
           | (I'm also curious about the "from people with something
           | they're trying to say" line, which, coming after the others,
           | sounds like it's meant to be criticism. Surely that's true of
           | wherever else you get your information, too? I can't imagine
           | wanting to read the writing, in any form, or watch the videos
           | or listen to the podcasts or whatever, of someone who isn't
           | trying to say something.)
        
             | mattlondon wrote:
             | > can't imagine wanting to read the writing, in any form,
             | or watch the videos or listen to the podcasts or whatever,
             | of someone who isn't trying to say something.)
             | 
             | There is too much "agenda" in most things I read. If you
             | get to the stage of getting a publishing deal, then you
             | likely have "something to say" that is advancing that
             | agenda.
             | 
             | Grass-roots publishing online has people trying to push
             | their own agendas too of course, but you don't need to have
             | an "edge" that publishers need to put up your own website
             | or blog or whatever. You can put up something entirely dull
             | and mundane.
             | 
             | And the crucial thing IMHO that the internet has that books
             | don't have is the intangible and throw-away nature. How
             | many times have you read a book all the way to the end even
             | though you are not enjoying it or not getting anything out
             | of it? I've found you'll often feel you must finish a book
             | simply because you physically have the copy and that
             | perhaps you spent real money on it too, so it feels like
             | the right thing to do. Online you close the tab the moment
             | you decide it's not what you want, and you don't keep on
             | consuming the author's agenda just because you have the tab
             | open in the same way people feel compelled to finish a
             | book. You can open many tabs at once, scan over hundreds of
             | sources, discarding what you don't need etc in a matter of
             | minutes ... meanwhile with a book you've just got past the
             | preface and you'll keep on donating your limited time alive
             | to read through to the end of the book often even if you
             | don't want to (obviously some people do just abandon a book
             | mid-way through, but I've found that very often most people
             | don't)
        
         | tpoacher wrote:
         | I have exactly the same experience, and in fact, I'm slowly
         | starting to lose interest in the 'nerdy' books too.
         | 
         | However, I don't necessarily think the problem is books. I
         | think the problem is 'time', and how reading has evolved in my
         | life to be less about "the enjoyment of the action of reading"
         | into "the necessity of acquiring the information" (even if that
         | 'necessity' is intended for 'leisure' / 'pleasure').
         | 
         | It's as if the modern world has conditioned us all to skim-
         | read, prioritise, and optimise information-to-words ratio. I
         | wouldn't "mind" sitting down with an unknown book and giving it
         | a good-old college try, in principle, but in practice, any book
         | I read now competes with some other book in my backlog, which
         | I'm also not ever going to read because that too competes with
         | another book in my backlog, and I simply don't have the time,
         | because I should be reading more stuff for work etc instead.
         | 
         | I remember I told a friend of mine once, that I was practicing
         | speed-reading, and that I was getting good at it, and reading
         | books faster as a result. I remember the look of horror on his
         | face, he thought it was a terrible idea. The whole point of a
         | book is to read it slowly, he said. There was this idea that,
         | if you speed read it, even if you do in fact read everything in
         | it, you've still only just looked at the all content, but you
         | haven't really experienced or savoured the book, or allowed
         | yourself to get lost in it. And he's right, I think, and his
         | words do still echo and haunt me a tiny bit to this day. I do
         | remember what that feeling of getting lost in a good book was
         | like, and I really miss it. But I don't know how to get it
         | back. Certainly not between breaks while reading reports at
         | work.
        
           | aaronbaugher wrote:
           | That's where I'm at. Not just with books, but with movies and
           | games, it just feels like too much time to commit to a single
           | leisure activity. And I'm not a workaholic or super busy
           | otherwise, so I could make the time to enjoy a book. It's
           | just a mindset I didn't used to have, that says I shouldn't
           | just read a book and enjoy it, but should be taking notes and
           | learning something while I do, or listening to the audiobook
           | so I can do some other tasks at the same time.
           | 
           | I'm not sure how that happened, but it feels like it happened
           | to a lot of us.
        
           | wantless wrote:
           | I have begun to recognize a sense of restlessness in myself
           | that prompts me to optimize for information, as you have
           | said, and I think I can begin to name it: anxiety due to
           | withdrawal. It is illuminating to have once been a smoker
           | because the feeling is quite similar. That our tastes have
           | changed is due at least in part to the addiction of
           | information. And a solution, at least in part, is to accept
           | the pain of withdrawal.
           | 
           | It can be exceedingly difficult to distinguish good habits
           | from bad where they involve the necessities and pleasures of
           | life, such as food and information. Bad habits tend to
           | comfort us in the moment but weaken us over time; good habits
           | tend toward opposite. When I am honest with myself, I
           | recognize the majority of my information seeking as quelling
           | some anxious feeling rather than building true knowledge or
           | wisdom, and the majority of the information I sought to be
           | naught but empty distractions in the long term. And I also
           | recognize my backlogs as a series of deaths that I have not
           | accepted: I retain them to grasp onto the passing
           | potentiality of my youth; I hold fast to the mirage of
           | different lives.
        
         | magicmicah85 wrote:
         | Perhaps you have just found your niche. Like the person who
         | reads romantasy or the person who reads history, you like
         | engineering and existentialism (not an uncommon pairing) and
         | you get something out of it.
         | 
         | From the age of 20 to 38, I had a hard time reading books. I
         | grew up reading Tolkien, Dan Simmons, Timothy Zahn, but the
         | internet exploding in speeds and online content replaced my
         | reading habits. So I moved to just read that.
         | 
         | I recently got back into reading books by trying books I used
         | to read. I'm fine with Tolkien, but I couldn't stomach 3
         | chapters of Heir to the Empire. Star Wars was just boring to me
         | now. And I found that I like mystery/spooky books more than I
         | did before. I can still read Tolkien and Hyperion without a
         | problem and I also like my nonfiction software/hardware stuff
         | too.
        
           | markus_zhang wrote:
           | Yeah you could be right. I'm actually in a similar boat. I
           | used to read a lot of fictions before 25-ish but then I got
           | hooked by the Internet so I rarely read any books since then.
           | I used to enjoy Tolkien and D&D novels a LOT but recently I
           | found them to be meh.
        
             | magicmicah85 wrote:
             | Fiction is hard for me too, but I was able to reincorporate
             | it by making it more social. I joined a local book club and
             | they often read fiction books, so it's usually the better
             | fiction out there and not stuff that I would pick out
             | myself. I almost make it like a reading assignment, but if
             | I don't like it, I will just not read it and say I didn't
             | like it and listen to the discussion.
             | 
             | My wife also reads fiction so occasionally I'll read a book
             | she is so we have something to talk about.
        
       | NalNezumi wrote:
       | The blog post gives a slight posh impression. With the excessive
       | quoting of authors and their book but in an incoherent manner
       | that only strengthen the authors narrative by "look many famous
       | people agree with me" and not _why_ they agree with you.
       | 
       | I agree with the general sentiment of the article but I think it
       | kinda defeat itself in its need to reaffirm it's own excellence
       | over actually being informative. He could've skipped everything
       | above the "Against hollow reading" Section and got the same
       | message across.
       | 
       | The message below that section is valuable but only in _value_.
       | It doesn 't really get in to _how_ to practice it. It laments the
       | modern information landscape but doesn 't tell us _how_. His
       | point can be summarized to  "don't be a passive consumer of
       | information, be active in asking questions, refine those
       | questions, and develop answers".
       | 
       | How? Write. Write for leisure, not for anyone else but yourself
       | and read it with critical lenses you use when reading others.
       | Only then will you _need_ to refine your writing and thinking,
       | which leads to new questions, new exploration and perspective.
       | 
       | Research of any kind is an iterative process. You find new
       | information, you create a bias in favor of it, try to explain
       | many things with it. Then you realize that it doesn't explain
       | everything, and now you have to go back to reading or finding out
       | more. It's easier to catch yourself getting stuck with one idea,
       | when you write those down and review them. Reading as he put it,
       | the introspecting one is only complete when combined with
       | Writing. (Or at least deep contemplation that resembles the
       | structure of writing)
       | 
       | This article reminds me of "I don't like honors" by Richard
       | Feynman[1]. Too caught up in how one ought to be, rather than
       | being (or informing).
       | 
       | [1] https://youtu.be/iNCiQzMDcV0?feature=shared
        
         | mmooss wrote:
         | > The blog post gives a slight posh impression.
         | 
         | I don't know about that, but so what if it did? Why is it even
         | worth remarking on?
         | 
         | I care about the value of their ideas; they don't need to pass
         | a culture war test first.
        
       | sergioisidoro wrote:
       | I think reading is an essential skill, but we also need to get
       | reading out of the pedestal. Because a lot of the time these
       | arguments come across as some sort of literary elitism. Like if
       | you're not ingesting information through reading, it doesn't
       | count.
       | 
       | This month I spent many hours listening to lectures on youtube
       | about geopolitics on the Asian continent from the naval war
       | college. Sure I could have read it, but nevertheless I got
       | curious about a topic, engaged in it, and "followed the rabbit
       | holes"
       | 
       | I think there is a case to be made that we need to be more active
       | in information seeking, rather than just being fed what the
       | algorithm suggests you - on that topic Technology connections
       | recently made a really good exposition of that issue --
       | https://youtu.be/QEJpZjg8GuA -- But it should not be about the
       | method of ingesting information, but the quality and the intent
       | of it.
        
         | thinkingtoilet wrote:
         | I always love this conversation:
         | 
         | Snob: "Listening to an audio book doesn't count as reading the
         | book!"
         | 
         | Everyone else in the world: "k"
        
           | nottorp wrote:
           | I could argue that it doesn't because you use different
           | neural path ways to absorb the book :)
        
             | bayindirh wrote:
             | Reading material (backlight vs. reflective screen) differs
             | in my experience. Also typing and writing are very
             | different neurologically, but people don't want to
             | acknowledge that, AFAICS.
        
           | bayindirh wrote:
           | Actually, I'm somewhere in between about Audio books.
           | 
           | First of all, for some books, that's great. Esp, if read by a
           | good voice actor. It can convert a book to radio theater,
           | that's magic.
           | 
           | However, if you're listening while you're driving, or being
           | distracted, you lose the some parts of the picture.
           | 
           | Lastly, not all books are good audio books. Some of them need
           | stopping, reflecting, and some re-reading sometimes.
           | 
           | So, horses for courses I may say.
        
             | mysterydip wrote:
             | Personally, even if I lose something listening to an
             | audiobook while driving, I gain more than if I did
             | something else. It's otherwise lost time. I can always re-
             | listen and gain something I missed the first time.
        
               | bayindirh wrote:
               | That's one perspective. On the other hand, I find many
               | missing pieces what I'm looking for while driving in
               | silence. When I reach my destination, either have answers
               | or new questions to jot down.
               | 
               | I think silence / noise is another form of breathing.
               | After filling your brains' queues, you need to allow it
               | to process these queues in its own terms. When queues are
               | processed, there is loot to collect at the other end of
               | the bar.
        
             | nicbou wrote:
             | I'm paying more attention to an audiobook in my car than at
             | a book in a busy place.
        
               | bayindirh wrote:
               | We are all different, and that's OK. Listening stuff
               | while driving is impossible for me, but I can tune out
               | pretty well while reading something.
               | 
               | I finished my Ph.D. in a Starbucks and thanked them to
               | have me till closing for quite some time in my
               | manuscript, too!
        
               | nicbou wrote:
               | Interesting! I guess it depends on the kind of driving.
               | Once you hit the Autobahn it's pretty easy on the brain.
               | Riding a motorcycle in a big city is a different
               | experience.
               | 
               | I love working from cafes. That mention in your
               | manuscript is a lovely touch.
        
               | bayindirh wrote:
               | > I love working from cafes.
               | 
               | Me too. The different atmosphere acts like a catalyst if
               | I like the place and work comfortable.
               | 
               | > That mention in your manuscript is a lovely touch.
               | 
               | Thanks.
               | 
               | I drive a car, but city traffic is much more demanding
               | than the Autobahn. Even then, I lately prefer to listen
               | to the machine, and let my brain to do its background
               | processing.
               | 
               | I somehow learnt to sit comfortable by myself and let
               | what lies beneath to surface. It serves me much better
               | than constantly consuming something.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | As long as you're paying more attention _to the road_
               | than to your audiobook...
               | 
               | That's the main reason I never got into audiobooks and
               | podcasts. They engage my brain just enough to prevent
               | multitasking, but not enough to stop a part of me from
               | getting bored and restless.
               | 
               | Similar to most work meetings when I'm not presenting or
               | otherwise directly involved in specific topics under
               | discussion. It's a pain.
        
               | BeetleB wrote:
               | > As long as you're paying more attention to the road
               | than to your audiobook...
               | 
               | I am, that's why I hit "Rewind" on my audiobooks _very_
               | often. But even though I 'm "distracted" by the road, I
               | find that I concentrate more on a (difficult) audiobook
               | than the equivalent book. With a book, it's actually easy
               | to zone out for a paragraph or two. With audiobooks, if I
               | zone out, I feel quite lost very quickly. I _need_ to
               | rewind.
        
           | whymememe wrote:
           | To be pedantic, it's definitionally not reading. You listened
           | to the book, you didn't read it.
           | 
           | There's just an odd legitimacy associated specifically with
           | reading - that people want to access, and so makes other
           | people weirdly snobbish/defensive of it.
        
           | jihadjihad wrote:
           | The snob's take is bad, but there is a point of agreement I
           | have with one aspect of audiobooks: it's impossible to
           | remember details about things that fall outside your native
           | language, if you haven't already studied them. For example, I
           | listened to a nonfiction audiobook about Xi Jinping. I could
           | tell you the broad strokes of the people in his orbit from
           | the late 1970s on, but I have no idea how to spell or even
           | Google them effectively, because I never read them--I only
           | heard them.
           | 
           | The same goes for foreign concepts/places/etc., for me at
           | least there is no substitute for reading when it comes to
           | retention and recall of material.
        
           | bee_rider wrote:
           | I cannot say what works for other people. For me, unless I'm
           | reading with my eyeballs, taking notes, and working examples,
           | I'm not really convinced I'm learning anything difficult.
        
             | DontchaKnowit wrote:
             | disagree. You just have to _actively_ listen, and cannot
             | let your mind wander. you can also read and have no idea
             | what you just read if you let your mind wander. Currently
             | learning spanish via a podcast and its very effective, I
             | just have to pause and rewind constantly to make sure I
             | fully understand whats going on
        
               | bee_rider wrote:
               | I was pretty clear that I was just describing what works
               | for me, right? So, as the authority on the topic, I
               | declare you incorrect.
               | 
               | It is fine if you think I'm not representative or usual,
               | but I'm telling you, I've tried listening very hard in
               | many different contexts, it just doesn't work.
        
               | noboostforyou wrote:
               | A long time ago I remember taking tests in school that
               | was explicitly about trying to determine how you best
               | learned - audio/visual/hands-on etc
               | 
               | So you're definitely correct - everyone learns best a
               | different way.
        
               | layer8 wrote:
               | I don't think language-learning is a good example,
               | because of course hearing the language is a crucial part
               | there. And on the other hand, good luck learning to
               | read/write Chinese (or even Spanish) with just podcasts.
        
           | mark_l_watson wrote:
           | I tend to rewind audio books and re listen to the last minute
           | or two or three.
           | 
           | Ten years ago I read James Joyce's Ulysses as a book. I
           | enjoyed it, but when I listened to it as an audio book a year
           | later, the excellent actors/voice artists really brought it
           | to life for me.
           | 
           | I often self describe myself as a 'gentleman scientist'
           | because for many years I have done my own research, sometimes
           | in areas where I had no interest in practical application. I
           | also believe that the act of writing is crucial to thinking
           | (I have written 20+ books, 2500+ blog articles). I think too
           | many people put too much emphasis on "work" vs. just living:
           | averaging only 'working' about 60% of my adult life has made
           | room for other activitites.
        
           | dustincoates wrote:
           | I saw elsewhere that someone said it was ablist to say that
           | an audiobook doesn't count as a book, which I could only
           | think that we put too much importance on books.
           | 
           | Don't take this as an anti-intellectual screed. Far from it--
           | I read a lot. But I think you can also learn from magazines,
           | newspapers, plays, orations, etc. It leads to this weird
           | situation where people are optimizing not for what they're
           | learning but for the count. How many books have you read this
           | year? Does an audiobook count? Like... it doesn't really
           | matter.
        
           | dkarl wrote:
           | I used to agree with you, but then I found out how most
           | people get through audiobooks and TV shows. They just miss
           | stuff! They zone out for a few seconds or a few minutes. They
           | take phone calls and move the laundry into the dryer without
           | pausing and rewinding. It's crazy! Watching a fast-moving TV
           | show with someone like that is bizarre because they'll
           | happily sit through a complex conversation between characters
           | even though they missed all the context that makes the
           | conversation make sense.
           | 
           | Granted you can miss a lot when you're reading, too, since a
           | lot of the context for any work is external to the work
           | itself, but with a book, you have to actively choose to keep
           | going when you're confused, rather than passively letting it
           | flow past you. Nothing privileges the choice to turn to the
           | next page rather than returning to the previous page.
           | 
           | I think the experience of reading books at least is good
           | training for how to read an audiobook or listen to a lecture.
           | You should be quick to pause and rewind if you suspect you
           | missed something.
        
         | JKCalhoun wrote:
         | "What do you care what other people think?"
        
         | rottc0dd wrote:
         | This is a personal take. I agree if you are actively
         | participating and grappling with the material in your mind. One
         | reason I like reading is that, if I don't understand I cannot
         | move on to next step. So, it forces me to actively participate,
         | argue and understand the text.
         | 
         | In audio and visual medium, it is somewhat easier to trick
         | myself into following the flow without actually understanding.
         | I heard, that is why Feynman lectures are bad for some people.
         | It is very easy to understand, but doing physics require active
         | problem solving.
         | 
         | Consuming audio is the most human way and if it works for you,
         | it works for you.
        
           | Der_Einzige wrote:
           | Feynman lectures pretend that physics doesn't require a ton
           | of hard, painful, and not all that rewarding math to get to
           | any of the good stuff.
        
           | thfuran wrote:
           | >One reason I like reading is that, if I don't understand I
           | cannot move on to next step
           | 
           | Yes, you can. You can even skim--or entirely skip--whole
           | sections.
        
             | spoiler wrote:
             | But with reading it's more of an active or deliberate
             | choice. With listening or watching it "just happens"
             | naturally as the medium progresses.
             | 
             | I'm also a slow learner (and reader) so I think reading
             | also suits me better because I allows me to control the
             | pace better.
        
               | thfuran wrote:
               | You've never gotten distracted while reading and then
               | found that you've scanned over a bunch of text while
               | thinking about something else?
        
               | doubled112 wrote:
               | I've never read anything _without_ realizing I had
               | skipped most of the text while thinking of something
               | else.
        
               | spoiler wrote:
               | It happened for sure! But it usually happens for a few
               | words, maybe one or two sentences max.
               | 
               | I think mind wandering briefly is a different thing to
               | what's being discussed here though.
               | 
               | Like, let's say I'm watching a video about a complex
               | subject, in my case it's easier to accidentally gloss
               | over knowledge gaps than it is when when reading about
               | it.
               | 
               | It's also feels more practical to take notes or annotate
               | stuff I'm reading about rather than stuff, and it's
               | easier to "revisit" it once recall fails.
               | 
               | It's also generally more convenient to consume (ie I can
               | consume it while commuting/traveling), etc.
               | 
               | However, as a counter point (since I've been doing lots
               | of technical art recently) watching videos on some
               | subjects can be useful, but I still pair it with reading
               | to get a more in-depth understanding on the subjects
               | involved
        
             | rottc0dd wrote:
             | Edit: Made my points subjective
             | 
             | Harder for me. I thought I can while reading fiction.
             | "Gravity's rainbow" proved that wrong too.
             | 
             | What I mean is, I am more aware of information flow
             | particularly because it is not the natural way of consuming
             | knowledge. Speaking language is in a way part of our
             | evolution. But, written language is a skill you learnt,
             | like driving a bicycle.
             | 
             | This unnatural way, makes me much more aware of my own
             | thinking. While I am reading, even if I understand I stop
             | and muse and breathe in and bask on thoughts it cultivated
             | in me. It has not happened, for me, in other medium.
        
           | Insanity wrote:
           | Similar to other commenters I disagree. You can definitely
           | read without parsing and just "move on".
           | 
           | Or accept a superficial understanding and fail to see the
           | deeper point. Philosophy might be a good domain to see this
           | happen with - read the words but don't parse the meaning.
        
             | blenderob wrote:
             | > Similar to other commenters I disagree. You can
             | definitely read without parsing and just "move on".
             | 
             | What do you disagree with? Nobody said that reading makes
             | you immune to moving on without understanding.
             | 
             | What they said was that while reading it is possible to
             | pause if you don't understand something and move on when
             | you are ready to move on. That's harder to do in videos or
             | lectures. Do you disagree with this?
        
               | Insanity wrote:
               | Parent said:
               | 
               | "if I don't understand I cannot move on to next step".
               | 
               | I disagree that you can not move on. You definitely can.
               | So your statement about what "nobody said" contradicts
               | what was actually said.
        
               | rottc0dd wrote:
               | I should have been more careful with my phrasing. What I
               | meant is I am much more aware of my own understanding,
               | gaps and shortcomings and more actively involved in
               | learning and processing information when I am reading.
               | And I honestly cannot think of even consuming certain
               | books with audio medium. As I commented elsewhere,
               | "Gravity's rainbow" is one such book, in which for me,
               | even a single page cannot be consumed using audio medium.
        
           | awongh wrote:
           | There's also the meta element of understanding how each
           | medium affects the way you engage with the topic, which I
           | think can be helpful in understanding when you might want to
           | switch and why.
           | 
           | That is, assuming you probably want to have more than one
           | media type in order to round out your understanding.
        
           | NalNezumi wrote:
           | I think your personal take is more so that you require
           | "interaction" in the learning process; which is extremely
           | common and universally accepted as best way to learn stuff.
           | 
           | >If I don't understand I cannot move on to next step
           | 
           | Everytime you encounter new hard concept, you really have to
           | _actively_ think /interact with that information to make it
           | yours. This is often lacking in the "lecture" style teaching.
           | One key benefit of reading is that _you can do it at your
           | pace_.
           | 
           | I think for audio/verbal medium, you would probably have a
           | completely different experience if you were _talking_ to
           | Feynman. He have a lecture for you, and everytime you get
           | stuck, you can interrupt him and ask follow up question or
           | ask further. This is probably why Private tuition is so
           | valuable (and very very often used in East Asian nation);
           | whichever fence of preference you fall to, a someone
           | dedicated to teaching you is an extreme advantage.
        
             | TeMPOraL wrote:
             | > _This is probably why Private tuition is so valuable (and
             | very very often used in East Asian nation); whichever fence
             | of preference you fall to, a someone dedicated to teaching
             | you is an extreme advantage._
             | 
             | That's gonna be a money printer for LLMs (even if for a
             | short while - "no moat" & stuffs). Many people are fine
             | with LLM-assisted learning, and able to navigate the
             | hallucination problem. Then there's the (in)famous
             | NotebookLM, that's known for only one of its many features:
             | the ability to blend a bunch of source documents and
             | generate an engaging podcast out of them. And a feature
             | they're testing is letting the listener interrupt the
             | podcast with their own questions. Meanwhile, OpenAI's
             | "advanced voice" has been demonstrating for close to a year
             | now, that a spoken conversation with an LLM can be done and
             | feels... natural.
             | 
             | It's not hard to see the convergence of these ideas into
             | ad-hoc experts: blend some textbooks, replace a podcast
             | with a conversational "advanced voice" model, and suddenly
             | you may experience "talking to Feynman". Not a real one -
             | nowhere near as smart or likely to be correct - but still
             | better than anything else you or me have access to.
             | 
             | (Whether or not you believe LLMs are good enough for this,
             | or are too dumb a markov chain stochastic parrot something
             | - it still begs to be tried, and someone will try it soon.)
        
           | TeMPOraL wrote:
           | > _In audio and visual medium, it is somewhat easier to trick
           | myself into following the flow without actually
           | understanding._
           | 
           | That just means exploiting the medium to full potential
           | hasn't been normalized yet. Much like with the books, you can
           | _pause_ video and audio. And, much like with books, you can
           | go through the material once to get the high-level overview,
           | and then _play it again_ to learn more, now that you have
           | better feel for how things fit.
           | 
           | I've noticed that both pausing to think and playing the same
           | work couple times in a short succession, are something people
           | are reluctant to do. Writing this, I've noticed that _myself_
           | I am reluctant to do it too, for no apparent reason. Might be
           | because people my age and older, we weren 't forced to learn
           | from videos or audio during school and university years, so
           | we didn't internalize the same consumption patterns as we did
           | with books.
        
             | rottc0dd wrote:
             | I think, it is much more to do with the fact that audio or
             | visual way of consuming information is so natural that you
             | can sometimes go with the flow.
             | 
             | It helps me to be much more aware of the information being
             | consumed, exactly because reading is an unnatural and
             | learned way of consuming information. You can definitely do
             | the same with audio medium, but books make me aware of
             | where I am in the process much more than former.
        
             | aaronbaugher wrote:
             | I find myself rewinding a lot when listening to podcasts or
             | watching videos. It's definitely more trouble trying to hit
             | the right spot where my mind started wandering, compared to
             | realizing the same thing with a book and flicking my eyes
             | back to wherever the text looks familiar and restarting
             | there, so that may be part of it.
             | 
             | At least for fiction, I like audiobooks for _re_ reading
             | something I've read before, where I can enjoy the story and
             | it doesn't matter whether I miss a few lines that might
             | include an important plot point. With a new book, I'm just
             | rewinding too much unless it's a really engaging book _and_
             | reader.
        
             | sigbottle wrote:
             | This is really true. People love to say, "Just don't make
             | the same mistake twice" or whatever, but part of the
             | necessity of ingesting truly novel information is that
             | you're gonna weave back and trip over yourself a ton of
             | times before you get to that clean refined mental model.
             | 
             | For me, note-taking is a godsend - I don't know how I would
             | live without it. Anywhere from hyper specific detailed
             | notes to just unstructured rants. It's the equivalent of
             | storing things in memory - that alone makes algorithms far
             | more powerful.
             | 
             | It doesn't help with real-time tasks like talking though...
             | but I've noticed I have gotten a bit better at talking ever
             | since I started note taking.
             | 
             | I think the "learn instinctually by doing stuff a lot"
             | approach definitely is useful but note-taking is a healthy
             | balance between that and getting perma-stuck in research
             | mode.
        
           | bookofjoe wrote:
           | "When in doubt, read on." -- Alfred Korzybski, the father of
           | modern semantics, in his foundational 1933 book, "Science and
           | Sanity."
           | 
           | https://archive.org/stream/alfred-korzybksi-science-and-
           | sani...
        
         | voidhorse wrote:
         | I don't think the accusation of elitism is valid here.
         | 
         | Postulating that a particular kind of activity might be better
         | suited to a particular kind of goal isn't elitism. Is it
         | "elitist" to claim that one sorting algorithm is faster than
         | another?
         | 
         | People are so individualistic and sensitive these days that
         | they take any proposed alternatives that don't align with their
         | own habits and modes of consumption as a direct affront against
         | them. I don't think this article is claiming any sort of
         | superiority--it's lamenting a previous modality of information
         | exchange and reflection that seems to be on the decline. Sure,
         | you might argue that claiming civilization is in crisis is a
         | form of elitism, but I interpret it more like an elaboration of
         | a perceived problem and not a value judgement about the
         | superiority of some alternatives.
         | 
         | I don't like riding in cars. I prefer to walk. Plenty of people
         | would be right to tell me taking a car is often more efficient,
         | I don't think of them as "car elitists".
        
           | robwwilliams wrote:
           | This discussion on the immanent collapse of civilization
           | never gets old. Socrates complained that this new invention
           | of writing was ruining philosophy and memory. In his view
           | philosophy was verbal jousting and conversation while
           | walking.
           | 
           | The primary source is from Socrates lips (unavaiable), but
           | you can read Plato's Phaedrus, ask Wikipedia, or chat with
           | Claude 3.7 Sonnet.
        
             | Jensson wrote:
             | Civilizations did collapse many times, Egyptians forgot how
             | to make their large stone monuments etc. It is important to
             | try to avoid that, not all new things are progress, some
             | does lead to collapses.
        
         | mvieira38 wrote:
         | Listening to a lecture is a far more passive form of learning
         | than reading a book. Being an avid reader is seen as special
         | because it requires more time and effort to do: you just can't
         | read while doing the dishes or morning cardio or running unit
         | tests. Also, by reading challenging books you learn the
         | valuable skills of backtracking and skimming, which may be
         | applied to better and more quickly understand difficult texts.
         | The lecture equivalent is taking notes and asking questions,
         | but you really can't do that with online recorded stuff.
        
           | sergioisidoro wrote:
           | Ok I'm going to invert that thought, and say: if books are so
           | intelectually more efficient, why do we even have
           | universities? Why do we have lectures, and why doesn't
           | everyone just read?
           | 
           | Spoken word is one of the most primitive and human ways of
           | communicating information. Written word appeared as a
           | replacement to spoken word, because there was no other
           | capable medium of information. Now we have mediums capable of
           | doing so, why not use them instead.
           | 
           | Also you're somehow implying that because I'm doing the
           | dishes I'm paying less attention? I think that's a really big
           | assumption, and will probably vary a lot from person to
           | person.
        
           | RheingoldRiver wrote:
           | > you just can't read while doing the dishes or morning
           | cardio or running unit tests
           | 
           | this is literally what audiobooks are for. And I concentrate
           | significantly better on audio if I'm multitasking with a
           | mindless activity
        
         | jampekka wrote:
         | The reading pedestal also often ignores that reading, and even
         | writing, is not enough. In the posted piece the steps of
         | "research" are, apart from haphazardly watching birds and
         | architecture, all reading or writing.
         | 
         | I see problems arising from this in academia quite commonly.
         | The discussions based only on reading and writing (and
         | discussions) tend to get detached from reality, often to the
         | point of inability to point out any real world examples where
         | the discussion actually applies to.
         | 
         | Also many who lament lack of reading can be quite proudly "not
         | technical persons", "not mathematical thinkers" or "not good
         | with my hands", with kind of implication that these are not of
         | much significance for intellectual development.
        
         | awongh wrote:
         | It feels like a healthy variety of media types and engagement
         | types is the best way to engage with a subject. Internet,
         | audio/podcasts, video, and also active writing on the topic.
         | 
         | Balance them all out depending on your preferences.
         | 
         | btw, the common idea that people have "learning styles" seems
         | to have been debunked, but I do feel that there are so many
         | ways to approach a topic that it's helpful to understand them
         | through different media
        
         | Eridrus wrote:
         | I do think people writ large do not read enough, there has been
         | a lot of knowledge already written down and many engineers and
         | researchers I work with would rather do than read. And the most
         | detailed information is written, not in other forms. But I love
         | video/audio too, it is often presented in a much more
         | accessible form than papers.
         | 
         | But the people who put reading on a pedestal also need to
         | remember that reading is still subservient to doing, because
         | that is where theory meets reality and reality is not usually
         | kind to theory.
        
         | svara wrote:
         | You're not wrong, but anti elitism is a much greater problem
         | than potentially being perceived as elitist.
         | 
         | When I say you should read, I'm not really saying that's the
         | only valid way to take in information.
         | 
         | I'm saying that to a first approximation, if you do read, you
         | are probably practicing healthy habits around taking in
         | information. And if you don't, it's likely you're not.
         | 
         | It's a slightly blunt statement, but the more nuanced 'try to
         | engage with information deeply, think through multi-step
         | reasoning cascades on your own, integrate different sources of
         | information and transfer them to new domains' really doesn't
         | land in the same way.
        
         | BeetleB wrote:
         | If there are alternative media that covers the material, by all
         | means utilize them!
         | 
         | The reality is when you get deep enough in a topic, virtually
         | all the content is available _solely_ in text form. So I tell
         | people that while it 's fine to consume content in other
         | formats, you have to make sure you are quite capable when it
         | comes to reading.
        
         | samspot wrote:
         | The reason reading was put on a pedestal is to ensure young
         | learners develop the skill of reading. Once you have the
         | essential reading skills, reading loses it's special position.
         | But it can be hard for adults to break the mold of what they
         | were taught as children.
        
         | mclau156 wrote:
         | Reading Wikipedia can easily become research
        
       | atebyagrue wrote:
       | This article sums up precisely why I don't mind being a "forever
       | GM".
       | 
       | I'm constantly researching new things to flesh out game ideas for
       | my groups to add flavor, immersion & a sense of "reality" to my
       | players' worlds & I love doing it. It almost makes running the
       | actual games for them, an afterthought to tide me over to the new
       | thing to learn about & implement. Great article!
        
       | janpmz wrote:
       | I did some leisure research on how the Nazca Lines align with
       | mountain shadows and made a publication. That was a nice weekend.
       | https://zenodo.org/records/11422308
        
         | yannis wrote:
         | I find this fascinating; I do a lot of reading and writing
         | (leisure work) outside my own specialization; Some I believe
         | are possibly publishable, but I am reluctant so far to attempt
         | to publish them. Is zenodo a good place for this in your
         | opinion?
        
           | janpmz wrote:
           | I would have published on arXiv, but to do that you need an
           | endorsement from an established arXiv user in that specific
           | category. And even then, you can only submit papers in that
           | category. On Zenodo, I was able to publish quickly, and I
           | like that I can see the number of views and downloads.
        
       | jsemrau wrote:
       | "I have studied, alas, philosophy, jurisprudence and medicine,
       | and even, sad to say, theology, all with great exertion." -
       | Faust, Part I, Scene I ("Night")
        
       | btrettel wrote:
       | I only skimmed everything before "From Theory to Practice: A
       | Framework for Research as Leisure" and read everything after
       | that, but it doesn't seem this covers actual obstacles to doing
       | research on the side that I face. I do want to note that to the
       | author, "research" seems to be basically a learning process,
       | whereas I'm interested in _building_ something, which I think is
       | more involved. Here 's my perspective on the obstacles towards
       | this form of deeper research:
       | 
       | 1. Lack of time and energy. This to me is the largest obstacle
       | for any of the research side projects I've had since finishing my
       | PhD. My day job gets the best of my time and energy and
       | everything else gets scraps. What I do on the side tends to be
       | more superficial than I'd like for this reason. (More
       | specifically: Lots of reading and writing, little implementation
       | of my ideas.) I simply don't have the energy to do much deeper
       | work. I recently concluded that to make progress on the one side
       | project I'm prioritizing, I'm probably going to have to take
       | leave from my job. And it's also been necessary to think like a
       | startup, to limit the scope and focus on a MVP. But even the MVP
       | is still challenging.
       | 
       | 2. Intellectual property assignment agreements. A lot of
       | technical folks' employers made them sign agreements that
       | arguably give the employers' full rights to what their employees
       | do in their free time. If I'm working on a side project that
       | could turn into a business, it's simply risky if my employer
       | could swoop in and claim ownership of the entire thing. I think
       | even the "favorable" versions of these agreements that limit what
       | employers can take to things related to what the company does are
       | still overreach. A lot of companies do tons of things and could
       | find justification to take nearly anything for that reason.
       | 
       | 3. Lack of collaborators and community. I think the linked
       | article discusses "community of knowledge" in a superficial way.
       | I haven't tried, mind you, but I think it would be really hard to
       | find a group of people online with similar research interests to
       | mine. I think people who have more common or less specific
       | interests would not have a problem, but for anything more
       | specific, finding collaborators is going to be a challenge. I
       | think I won't find a close collaborator until I publish something
       | (could be journal article or even a web page) and they come to
       | me.
        
       | DeathArrow wrote:
       | It would be nice to afford to practice that art. Most people are
       | practicing the art of putting food on their tables.
       | 
       | Most researchers are doing it for a living and they might want to
       | pursue other activities in their free time. Other people do not
       | possess the skill level. Science and research is harder than it
       | was centuries ago.
        
         | JonChesterfield wrote:
         | Perhaps one could work at a US tech company and spend the free
         | time that results on research.
        
       | brador wrote:
       | The fact that all historians still refuse to acknowledge the
       | origin of the term "yankees".
        
       | jdp wrote:
       | Stamp collecting is a good outlet for research as leisure. If
       | you're the type of person who falls into wiki holes and likes
       | talking about what you learn with other people, it might be for
       | you.
       | 
       | Many stamp collectors follow the research-as-leisure framework
       | naturally as part of their hobby. The article outlines
       | cultivating curiosity, developing questions, gathering evidence,
       | developing answers, and building communities around that process,
       | which is basically what collectors are doing when they're talking
       | about stamps and other philatelic material. They're sharing
       | discoveries they find interesting, often only after identifying
       | the material, looking up its historical context, drawing
       | parallels to current events, and then formulating some kind of
       | answer or conclusion that makes it worthwhile to share what
       | they've found.
       | 
       | I think the experts in a lot of hobbies engage in this sort of
       | recreational research for the joy of it, but it's closer to the
       | norm for casual collectors. There is a whole wide spectrum of
       | collectors though, ranging from aesthetics-driven folks who spend
       | more time on thematic album pages than on researching anything,
       | over to experts in narrow areas like Transylvanian hotel stamps
       | who publish whole books on about how they weren't valid for
       | postal use but were used by hospitality workers nestled up in the
       | Carpathians to get mail from guests back into the official mail
       | stream because the state couldn't be bothered to service up
       | there. If you get into it you'll find there are a lot of curious
       | and motivated people in the middle who are happy to share what
       | they've been reading about (or listening to, or watching) lately.
        
       | calvinmorrison wrote:
       | Join the RR&R or start your own charter club!
       | 
       | https://ephorate.org
        
       | inktype wrote:
       | I'm sure it's still out there, but I don't seem to notice as much
       | prevalence of dedicated research trivia as I used to, like Damn
       | Interesting, or Cracked. Lots of the articles would be some niche
       | question that wasn't just a google away and it was obvious that
       | it took effort and time at a library to write. The closest thing
       | that comes to mind now is Asianometry's youtube channel and
       | mailing list.
        
       | awongh wrote:
       | I read a fair amount and I actually do research as leisure all
       | the time, but I can't stand these elitist and unoriginal think
       | pieces about how much better and cooler this person's habits are
       | than yours.
       | 
       | >> for the leisurely researcher, self-study must include the
       | discipline's foundational texts
       | 
       | I feel like this person has some kind of dark academia aesthetic
       | fetish that they need to hold onto to feel superior to everyone
       | else.
       | 
       | I actually deeply agree with the advice in the OP around
       | curiosity but personally I end up implementing it in a totally
       | different way than they do.
       | 
       | Lately I've found that LLMs are an amazing tool for this free-
       | floating "research"- for example "Summarize the top three
       | theories about why suburbs exist and who said them". The LLM as
       | open ended semantic search engine / research tool is an amazing
       | way to figure out the topology of a subject you want to dive
       | deeper into.
       | 
       | I usually work my way down a content ladder from there to
       | podcasts, wikipedia and finally to books.
       | 
       | The idea that somehow civilization is ending because of our media
       | consumption habits and that "reading source material" will save
       | us comes off as more an aesthetic fantasy than a real-world
       | complaint about today's culture.
       | 
       | I was around before the internet and I'm so thankful that so much
       | more information is accessible now than it was when there were
       | only books.
        
         | nluken wrote:
         | I think you're generally right about the OP, but I don't see
         | your alternative method as a tonic to the problem the author is
         | discussing. I agree that treating reading as the only way to
         | ingest information is probably wrong, and that the original
         | post tends towards hierarchy in an almost reactionary way, yet
         | at the same time I also see that many people tend to ingest
         | information from other forms of media less critically than they
         | might a book or written piece. I think this dichotomy derives
         | from the different levels of focus we apply to different
         | activities. Reading, even for leisure, demands a level of
         | effort that forces you to focus and, in a way, analyze the
         | information you're ingesting. By removing that barrier, you
         | might fail to fully grasp the ideas that the primary source
         | expressed.
         | 
         | In your use case, the LLM can be a great tool to get a start,
         | but it's much easier to accept that output uncritically, which
         | is especially problematic because it bears the biases of the
         | training corpus. Sure, you can mitigate that issue if you're
         | driven by the intellectual curiosity to dig deeper, which it
         | seems you are, but at that point aren't you doing the kind of
         | leisure research that the original post is talking about
         | anyway? You're just using the initial steps to discover the
         | "foundational texts", as the original post puts it, of the
         | field. The LLM step becomes less material to the follow-up
         | reading you've done after the fact.
         | 
         | Many, perhaps even most people will not make it to the second
         | step. I see the lack of intellectual curiosity as a problem of
         | focus more than anything else, and in my experience the overly
         | rich media landscape of the internet does not concentrate that
         | focus in most people.
        
           | awongh wrote:
           | Yea, it's the classic conflation of the format of the media
           | with other factors- it's not the fact that you're reading
           | from a screen instead of a paper page that's making you
           | intellectually incurious.
           | 
           | But the disingenuous thing is that I don't think these
           | arguments are really meant to examine why people might be
           | less curious- it's just to sound cooler than people who read
           | the OP and imagine the writer in some cafe pouring over a big
           | stack of hardcover books.
           | 
           | >> aren't you doing the kind of leisure research that the
           | original post is talking about anyway?
           | 
           | I would say the distinction is that I don't need to be
           | precious about why I would look at foundational texts. Maybe
           | foundational texts are a bit over-hyped- anything written 100
           | years ago was made for the context of that time, and even if
           | the ideas are universal to a certain extent, it's better
           | digested through a modern lens in light of how those ideas
           | have affected everything since then. How much more do you get
           | out of an idea reading it from the original? It feels like
           | there's a bit of a diminishing return in a lot of cases.
        
           | jll29 wrote:
           | > I agree that treating reading as the only way to ingest
           | information is probably wrong
           | 
           | The good news is that not only does the "private researcher"
           | (curious individual person without a research background or
           | job) nowadays have the ability to read online in far-removed
           | libraries, they are even empowered to download the data of
           | many studies, fire up their Jupyter notebooks to replicate
           | some work.
           | 
           | The danger is that some wannabes create even more noise on
           | the proper science channels that are already polluted by
           | fraudsters generating fake papers via ChatGPT and friends...
           | making it harder for the untrained eye to distinguish between
           | respectable science and pseudo-science.
        
             | randomNumber7 wrote:
             | It's already hard to sort out the bs that respectable
             | science generates.
        
             | KerrAvon wrote:
             | I think there'd be some value in asking each of the major
             | chatLLMs whether vaccines cause autism. If the answer is
             | not some unequivocal variation of "no, aside from
             | fraudulent and discredited research," you have a serious
             | problem if you're relying on AI to do research for you.
        
         | _fat_santa wrote:
         | Personally I still go on Wikipedia deep dives where you end up
         | going from link to link for hours. I think the author is
         | entirely incorrect with that quote, the whole idea of leasure
         | research is that there are no rules, some will go ask an LLM,
         | others will go read 'foundational text' while others will just
         | browse Wikipedia.
        
           | mmooss wrote:
           | If that's what you like to do, of course that's fine. If we
           | are going to talk with each other about what we like to do,
           | we need to agree on meaning.
           | 
           | In my thinking, the definition of research is to find
           | _truth_. As ultimate solutions to that goal, Wikipedia and
           | LLM output lack sufficient accuracy and lack verifiability.
           | Many find them useful as bibliographic tools that point us to
           | accurate, verifiable sources.
           | 
           | Also, research requires looking at the actual evidence - the
           | primary sources; that's where the truth is, that's the
           | foundation of the scientific method. Secondary sources filter
           | the truth through someone else's interpretation, but for
           | amateur researchers that may be all that's realistic -
           | traveling to archives, building or using complex equipment is
           | not realistic. Still, Wikipedia and (almost all) LLMs are
           | _tertiary_ or higher order sources: they are a combination of
           | secondary or higher order sources - Wikipedia doesn 't allow
           | citing primary sources as far as I know (which would be
           | necessary for Wikipedia to be a secondary source); LLM input
           | is mostly secondary or higher order sources.
           | 
           | I don't object if you call reading Wikipedia, 'research'. I
           | don't at all object to you doing what you value. But we are
           | talking about two different things.
        
             | awongh wrote:
             | > In my thinking, the definition of research is to find
             | truth
             | 
             | > the primary sources; that's where the truth is
             | 
             | I mentioned this elsewhere on the thread, but I also feel
             | like the most influential primary sources are _less_
             | important than secondary sources- if you read Marx, the
             | social and political circumstances of his ideas are in the
             | context of an industrial economy and just don 't apply in
             | the same way anymore.
             | 
             | You can draw your own conclusions directly from what's
             | written, but what's the point of that? I feel like it's
             | more useful to engage with those ideas keeping in mind all
             | of the thought and history that's happened since- in that
             | case you would wait a pretty long time to work backwards
             | until you read the original.
        
               | mmooss wrote:
               | If you are researching economics, then Marx is a
               | secondary (or higher order) source. The econmomic data
               | used by Marx is primary.
               | 
               | If you are researching Marx the person or Marx's ideas,
               | then [edit: Marx's writings would be primary sources, and
               | then] what would you think of someone who only read
               | others talking about Marx, but didn't read Marx's actual
               | writings? It wouldn't make much sense for anything called
               | 'research'.
        
               | awongh wrote:
               | > The econmomic data used by Marx is primary
               | 
               | Literally picking through tables of all economic data for
               | the last century... _shocked pikachu meme_ not sure what
               | that would gain you....
        
               | mmooss wrote:
               | Well, that's how actual research is done - that's what
               | people do. It defines research, it's how they write all
               | those (research-based) books and journal articles. That's
               | scholarship - science, social science, humanities, etc.
               | That's why Darwin travelled all the way to the Galapagos
               | Islands - he identified a place to do primary resesarch
               | on the questions he was investigating.
               | 
               | Journalists also - they look at the actual evidence and
               | turn it into something coherent and cohesive for others
               | to understand; the location in the byline/dateline shows
               | where they went - that is, that if they wrote about
               | Odessa, the dateline should show if they actually went to
               | Odessa and saw it for themself.
               | 
               | Back to research: If you mean it's impractical for many
               | people, that's often true. Some topics require less
               | expertise, expense, and time: for example, tracking local
               | bird populations. But those real natural scientists, the
               | amateur researchers who get published, that's what they
               | are doing. Pretty amazing!
               | 
               | If you don't want to do it, that's fine; few do. If you
               | want to read secondary sources on a topic - wonderful
               | (but read good ones based on primary sources; only accept
               | what is tied back to actual, hard-won facts - necessary
               | are the footnotes, which connect the secondary claim to
               | the primary fact). If you want to read tertiary sources,
               | find quality ones. If you want to read social media, have
               | fun but it's just entertainment - to the extent it's
               | accurate, you can't know unless you already have
               | expertise.
        
             | jksflkjl3jk3 wrote:
             | > the primary sources; that's where the truth is
             | 
             | Why is a primary source a better source for the "truth"?
             | Often secondary sources have distilled the original rough
             | ideas into more refined expressions of the original complex
             | ideas. A secondary source will also have had more chances
             | to catch any mistakes.
        
               | mmooss wrote:
               | The secondary sources take the primary source facts (if
               | the author is serious and honest) and add someone's
               | subjective perspectives, etc. Those facts are the
               | 'truths'.
               | 
               | For more, look up reading on the scientific method and
               | empiricism.
               | 
               | I'm not disparaging all secondary sources; I read them
               | too. But there's a reason serious research requires
               | primary sources.
        
               | BeetleB wrote:
               | I think people are confused by the definitions of
               | primary/secondary sources.
               | 
               | As an example, almost _all_ textbooks are actually
               | secondary sources. The primary source may be a journal
               | article. And yes, often, those secondary sources are far
               | superior than the primary sources. Insisting on reading
               | all those journal articles as opposed to a good textbook
               | is simply indulging in a fetish, IMO.
        
               | mmooss wrote:
               | > I think people are confused by the definitions of
               | primary/secondary sources.
               | 
               | Sorry:
               | 
               | Primary - the actual evidence. The actual letter written
               | by Jefferson; the ice core itself, etc. For example, if
               | you are an historian writing about Jefferson, you
               | actually travel to the archive and read Jefferson's
               | letters and look through the other papers, etc. - the
               | actual stuff.
               | 
               | Secondary - the journal article, the scholarly book,
               | based on primary sources (without those, it's just
               | nonsense)
               | 
               | Tertiary - textbooks, news reports, etc. about the
               | secondary source
               | 
               | Higher order - blog posts, social media, etc.: usually
               | they haven't seen the evidence, haven't read the journal
               | article, may have read the news report but often only
               | read another social media post ...
               | 
               | > Insisting on reading all those journal articles as
               | opposed to a good textbook is simply indulging in a
               | fetish, IMO.
               | 
               | WTF do you know about me or anyone else to judge their
               | choices? Your ignorance of the need for direct knowledge
               | of things shines through. Here, the primary source is me;
               | having no primary source your assertion isn't even
               | secondary, just nonsense. Enjoy 'research' on social
               | media.
        
               | BeetleB wrote:
               | > WTF do you know about me or anyone else to judge their
               | choices?
               | 
               | I don't, and did not claim to. And yes, one can and
               | usually does judge at some level. I don't need to know
               | much about someone to have an opinion that intentionally
               | touching random strangers' private parts in public is
               | problematic.
               | 
               | Try not to be so sensitive. My comment was not a
               | criticism of anyone.
               | 
               | > Your ignorance of the need for direct knowledge of
               | things shines through.
               | 
               | Now who is making assumptions without knowing me?
               | 
               | I spent years being paid to do research at academic
               | institutions, so it's not a random person on the Internet
               | saying it. Sometimes the primary source is fantastic.
               | More often it's inferior to better written pieces.
               | 
               | The reason journals like _Rev Modern Physics_ have a high
               | impact factor is _precisely_ due to the fact that
               | distillations can be superior to primary sources. It 's a
               | journal where a highly influential person in the field
               | writes a (lengthy) journal article that is basically a
               | well written, accessible tutorial of the whole field.
               | 
               | Have you tried reading Maxwell's original works? Do you
               | not think there's a good reason pretty much every EM
               | textbook teaches Maxwell's equations in a very different
               | form from what he proposed?
        
               | robwwilliams wrote:
               | Thanks for your explanations. It would be lovely if
               | primary sources and data were some kind of ground truth
               | with a capital T. But no: they are often messy first pass
               | experiments. If we knew what we were doing it would not
               | be research ;-) A dose of Ian Hacking or Paul Feyerabend
               | or Nancy Cartwright could be curative.
        
               | Karrot_Kream wrote:
               | Many, many times in historical research the "primary
               | source" (I'm using your definition here because in
               | historical circles the primary source is not always the
               | original artifact or document) is lost to time. It's then
               | up to historians, anthropologists, and other researchers
               | to figure out whether the artifact in question actually
               | existed and whether there's agreement among other sources
               | on what it said.
               | 
               | In historical research at least having a primary source
               | like the "actual letter written by Jefferson" is often
               | rare and only found in more modern historical sources
               | preserved by stable institutions. A great example is the
               | Library of Baghdad where we know many texts existed but
               | we still don't know the breadth of all the available
               | texts nor their contents.
        
               | mmooss wrote:
               | Thanks and very interesting. Are you an historian?
               | 
               | > in historical circles the primary source is not always
               | the original artifact or document
               | 
               | What does it mean in historical circles? I know people
               | will often use a digital scan, a reliable transcription,
               | etc., and not necessarily the original - but then isn't
               | that based on the assumption that it's a reliable
               | representation of the original?
               | 
               | I didn't mean to suggest primary sources (by my
               | definition) are always available; I was just trying to
               | give an example where 'primary source' connects the world
               | of ideas to the physical reality. Yes, life, including
               | historical research, isn't that neat and simple.
        
         | fastasucan wrote:
         | >> for the leisurely researcher, self-study must include the
         | discipline's foundational texts
         | 
         | Leisurely and "must include" sounds very contradicting.
        
         | mobilejdral wrote:
         | The author also asks "If you were stranded on an island (or
         | small hostile planetoid), what books would you want to have
         | with you?" which I also can't answer.
         | 
         | I would fall into the category of someone who does research as
         | leisure. I have been slowly unraveling the genetics behind
         | gender dysphoria. Yes I have borrowed a few biology books from
         | libraries, but it has mostly been reading 70 years of research
         | papers, piecing together all the evidence to make a hypothesis,
         | comparing it to all the research data and iterating. In the
         | last year I have also started getting a fair number of WGS
         | (Whole Genome Sequenced) files, and I have a whole separate
         | pile of anecdotal that just because it isn't published doesn't
         | mean I can ignore it either. These are about as far from books
         | as you can get. It is something I do for leisure, so my
         | investigation has been somewhat random, following whatever I
         | found interating at that time including dead ends. Been doing
         | this very open ended research for years now and at this point
         | we have a really solid understanding of it, so the edge cases
         | are actually now the fun stuff. I never would have made
         | anywhere near the progress I did if I had been forced to start
         | with reading a bunch of random unrelated biology books.
        
           | wasabi991011 wrote:
           | Sounds interesting, do you have somewhere I can read some of
           | what you've learned across your research?
        
             | mobilejdral wrote:
             | Sure, add a way to contact you to your account and I can
             | send you over the current understanding.
        
               | weakfish wrote:
               | Also interested.
        
         | mmooss wrote:
         | > can't stand these elitist and unoriginal think pieces about
         | how much better and cooler
         | 
         | Aren't you saying the same thing, putting them down? You could
         | both be curious about each other.
        
           | awongh wrote:
           | I commented on the article so I suppose I'm engaging with the
           | ideas.
           | 
           | To be clear, I also think it's a shame that people don't read
           | as many books these days, I don't read a huge amount but I
           | feel like I'm at the higher-end of my social circle in terms
           | of reading volume.
           | 
           | Mostly, I don't like the trope that there's some kind of
           | moral imperative to _Read More Books_ and that _Things Used
           | to Be Better_. Overall I 'm philosophically disinclined to
           | draw the conclusion that phones/attention/social media are
           | bad and reading more will improve society. I also have TikTok
           | but I don't think it makes me a worse person.
        
         | ozim wrote:
         | Agree, OP is points to Thoreau, Sagan, Galileo - most people on
         | the planet earth are not like that and those guys were heavily
         | privileged.
         | 
         | Doing personal fancy research was not available before as it is
         | now. Even though one still has to be rather privileged to have
         | time to dig through obscure details that don't make him money.
        
           | BeetleB wrote:
           | > Agree, OP is points to Thoreau, Sagan, Galileo - most
           | people on the planet earth are not like that and those guys
           | were heavily privileged.
           | 
           | Sagan was heavily privileged? I mean, yes, he was born in the
           | US and could afford to get a Bachelor's degree, but other
           | than that, he was not particularly privileged.
        
         | kevinsync wrote:
         | >> I feel like this person has some kind of dark academia
         | aesthetic fetish that they need to hold onto to feel superior
         | to everyone else.
         | 
         | The older I get, the more I'm convinced that people do this
         | less to actually feel superior to others and more as a
         | desperate act of establishing an identity, ANY identity, to
         | simply feel seen and validated in spite of just being yet
         | another person on the planet. This uniquely-human trait seems
         | to run counter to the natural order, where spotted leopards,
         | panthers, elephants, myriad birds all just exist and go about
         | their lives, despite their objective, innate individualities.
         | 
         | We are curious creatures lol
        
           | cjbgkagh wrote:
           | Plenty of animals go out of their way to be seen. If it's a
           | pretty bird it's most likely a male bird.
           | 
           | Animals at play do appear to show off to each other. Orcas
           | wear salmons as hats as if it was a fast fashion trend.
           | 
           | I don't think humans are unique in this regard at all.
        
             | woodson wrote:
             | These observations are interpretations of behavior viewed
             | through human eyes. (What's the concept of a "hat" to an
             | orca?)
             | 
             | Perhaps we interpret their behavior this way because it is
             | our behavior.
        
               | cjbgkagh wrote:
               | Since it's a trend it comes and goes, and the behavior
               | spreads in a manner similar to fashion trends.
               | 
               | Google pics for it, can you think of any other reason for
               | an orca to wear a salmon on their head.
               | 
               | Song birds also have similar fashions in what they choose
               | to sing and that spreads much faster than evolution can
               | explain.
        
               | paulgerhardt wrote:
               | "Faction" and "fashion" are etymological doublets. We
               | wear trends as much to establish which tribe we are apart
               | of as to impress potential mates.
               | 
               | The trend of Orcas wearing hats feels very much the same:
               | https://archive.is/2024.12.15-213212/https://www.national
               | geo...
        
               | PaulHoule wrote:
               | As someone who's had quite a few dealings with animals
               | (the family business is a horse farm) my interpretation
               | is that human psychology is basically animal psychology
               | with a "language instinct" bolted on as a peripheral.
               | 
               | You might very well misinterpret an animal's experience
               | or motives but it is not just mistaken "anthropomorphism"
               | but could just be the same kind of misunderstanding you
               | might have about another person's experience or motives.
               | 
               | From time to time I see a paper proving that horses or
               | dogs could do something that people who work with horses
               | or dogs always believed they could do or that some bird
               | or mammal has a "theory of mind" -- I believe all birds
               | and mammals have a pretty good "theory of mind", it's
               | just hard to do an experiment to prove it.
               | 
               | We've had a cardinal that has been coming to our window
               | for a few years that we can't agree on naming "bad bird"
               | or "noisy bird" that sets up a nest a few yards from a
               | bird feeder and spends all day fighting it's own
               | reflection in the glass. My interpretation, which could
               | be wrong, is that it believes it is a very successful
               | bird that has found an excellent nesting spot and finds
               | meaning in its life by fighting off "competition" for its
               | nest -- certainly it does not need to spend a lot of
               | energy foraging and has the time and energy to peck at
               | the window all day.
        
               | platz wrote:
               | How do you know the bird just isn't entertaining itself
               | with its own reflection.
        
               | PaulHoule wrote:
               | I don't, but your story could be accused of being
               | anthropomorphic as much as my own. If it did have to work
               | harder to forage though, it would have less time and
               | energy to entertain itself.
               | 
               | A case where I know my own psychology has to do with it
               | is the red winged blackbird which is a highly territorial
               | bird which is always calling attention to nests that I'd
               | otherwise ignore by buzz-bombing me and that I see high
               | up in the air flapping frantically to nip at the tail
               | feathers and harass huge hawks that are flapping
               | languidly riding thermals. I see these birds sitting on
               | top of "POSTED: NO TRESPASSING" signs all the time
               | because these are convenient perches, although they have
               | no idea that the sign fits their mindset really well. One
               | of my photography goals in the next few weeks is to get
               | some of those pictures though I don't have a particularly
               | long lens so I'll have the problem that they'll probably
               | try to buzz bomb me instead of sitting still to get their
               | picture taken.
        
               | 3np wrote:
               | The same way you don't know if other humans are even
               | conscious. Empathy.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Problem_of_other_minds
        
               | MisterTea wrote:
               | > As someone who's had quite a few dealings with animals
               | (the family business is a horse farm) my interpretation
               | is that human psychology is basically animal psychology
               | with a "language instinct" bolted on as a peripheral.
               | 
               | Growing up with cats and dogs all my life I 100% agree
               | with this. That has caused me to look at animals as
               | individuals I can't communicate with instead of lower
               | life forms that are brainless sacks of meat. They
               | certainty are capable of thought and I am also convinced
               | they share the same basic emotional states but humans
               | have much more nuance and layers over them.
        
               | Swizec wrote:
               | > I believe all birds and mammals have a pretty good
               | "theory of mind", it's just hard to do an experiment to
               | prove it
               | 
               | Our pet bird (sun conure) actively tries to lie and
               | mislead when he's doing something naughty. Like he will
               | go into the pantry to steal treats and quickly fly out
               | pretending he wasn't in there when he hears you
               | approaching.
               | 
               | This indicates he has some theory of mind. He has to
               | understand there's a difference between what he knows and
               | what we know, otherwise he wouldn't try to hide or
               | obscure his actions.
               | 
               | And yes there is research showing/arguing that birds have
               | theory of mind -->
               | https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/144146926.pdf
        
           | bumby wrote:
           | I think it's latent status signaling. Humans are hierarchical
           | primates and we search for status in our social groups. To
           | that end, it's not much different than other social creatures
           | that seek social status in their tribe/pride/pack/pod.
        
           | dkarl wrote:
           | Being "seen and validated" translates to "feeling superior"
           | when people want to be seen and validated on a scale that
           | very few other people are, and I think many people naively
           | want this.
        
             | TeMPOraL wrote:
             | Few would like to feel inferior _in every dimension_ to
             | other people in their group - because that effectively
             | means they 're useless to the group, beyond being a warm
             | body to throw at problems requiring numbers; it means
             | they're replaceable and will be replaced by someone better.
             | 
             | It feels to me that the ideas of social status, "feeling
             | seen", finding connection, even finding meaning, all
             | intersect in wanting to be unique along some dimension that
             | at least part of your group values.
        
           | Lerc wrote:
           | _> The older I get, the more I'm convinced that people do
           | this less to actually feel superior to others and more as a
           | desperate act of establishing an identity, ANY identity, to
           | simply feel seen and validated in spite of just being yet
           | another person on the planet. _
           | 
           | I think this is broadly correct. I have had a sense for a
           | while now that there are quite a few people express extreme
           | versions of their opinions substituting amplitude for
           | fidelity. A strongly held opinion isn't heard as much as a
           | weakly held opinion forcefully expressed.
           | 
           | Part of this is down to mass communication and it occurs for
           | all things. There are good apps for mobile phones that never
           | get seen because the focus goes to the top few percent. The
           | same is probably true for games on Steam. Most peoples' blogs
           | will be read by fewer people than the number of blogs they
           | read themselves for the simple reason that some blogs get
           | millions of readers.
           | 
           | I can see the obvious frustration that must be felt when
           | someone has an idea to share that they feel isn't being
           | expressed. When it comes to emotional expression, small
           | communities are required if you want to have a group that
           | reciprocates attention. Most people don't want to be heard by
           | everyone, they just want to be heard. What we have is an
           | environment where a few people are heard by everyone and lots
           | of people are unheard.
           | 
           | I think sites like HN, and the smaller subreddit communities
           | along with discords (I miss IRC, It's still there, but the
           | people aren't) work against that flow.
           | 
           | There's an element of social 'groupthink' pressure if
           | communities of similar opinions cluster, more often against
           | ideas than for, but I think that on these platforms it also
           | meets a degree of resistance that helps balance things.
           | 
           | HN has Rust/AI/Bitcoin where there are always a few people
           | who will express distain for the subject. Each of these seem
           | weird if you actually consider the criticisms as being in
           | good faith.
           | 
           | Why should people be annoyed about liking another programming
           | language, or want to write things in it, or talk about it?
           | 
           | Why are there people who are certain AI is doomed to failure
           | that are so concerned about the money of investors?
           | Especially when many of the people who express such distain
           | for AI generally do not look terribly kindly towards
           | investors anyway. It's like they don't like rich people while
           | simultaneously concerned that the rich might lose all their
           | money.
           | 
           | Why are those who decry Bitcoin as a Ponzi scheme so angry
           | about the fact that _other_ people, who they disagree with
           | and _denigrate_ , are doomed to lose their money? Why are
           | they so concerned for the finances for people they don't
           | like?
           | 
           | I think the motivation behind all of them is they want their
           | dissenting position to be heard. When these things are talked
           | about people can see some degree of popularity for an opinion
           | that they don't hold. It seems it isn't enough to think "I
           | don't think that will work, but good luck to them."
        
           | bonoboTP wrote:
           | Most things people do, and the stories they weave around
           | their lives are about finding ways that allow them to think
           | of themselves as being a certain kind of person. More than
           | money, more than others' opinions even.
        
         | 42lux wrote:
         | It really reads like he would like to be a British country
         | parson in the 19th century.
        
         | deegles wrote:
         | Yes, because of course I have 20 extra hours per week to
         | dedicate to focused research
        
         | somethingsome wrote:
         | I didn't read the post yet, but
         | 
         | >> for the leisurely researcher, self-study must include the
         | discipline's foundational texts
         | 
         | It completely depends on the depth at which you are researching
         | for leisure. If you like to do it to learn some stuff, just
         | using LLMS, wiki and books is perfectly fine!
         | 
         | If you're trying to make a breakthrough in human understanding,
         | it is useful to understand very very well the foundations. It
         | is not required, sometime, another background is enough to see
         | clearly some research issue.
         | 
         | But as you're doing research for fun, if you want to push the
         | boundaries, having very strong foundational knowledge is
         | awesome and very empowering.
         | 
         | Take for example the LLMs, you have many levels of
         | comprehension that you may aim for (just an example):
         | 
         | - simply using occasionally (existance awareness)
         | 
         | - experimenting with prompts engineering (exploratory research)
         | 
         | - studying the neural architectures (understanding better
         | what's going on)
         | 
         | - understanding how the architectures are validated (if they
         | are...)
         | 
         | - finding limiting cases (deeper exploratory research)
         | 
         | - thinking about in under the perspective of bayesian/classical
         | statistics (research at the normal mathematical/engineering
         | level)
         | 
         | - going deep into characterizing the architectures in terms of
         | manifolds, or any other suitable structure that you believe is
         | true (deep fundamental research)
         | 
         | - opening up new questions about what can be learned and why
         | (leading to another research field)
         | 
         | The first 3 are available inside a LLM, on Wikipedia and in
         | books. The rest you need to fetch some papers. The more you go
         | down the path, the more obscure the papers gets.
         | 
         | Up to the end, the last point, where you land in survey papers
         | for the other field, and then you can start again with new
         | questions. The good thing is that most of the fundamental
         | research can be readily applied to understand the new field!
         | It's like a jump start.
         | 
         | But at the end of the day, depending on which depth you want to
         | do your leisure research, the deeper you go, the more
         | foundation papers become important, not just from their
         | content, but also the powerful ideas that can be transferred in
         | other research projects.
         | 
         | Maybe.. One thing that is missing from what I say is that it's
         | not about the quantity, or even the quality of the material you
         | read. But it depends on engaging in deep thinking about it!
         | Someone can spend his life reading and not become smarter,
         | maybe only more knowledgeable.
         | 
         | I my opinion, deep thinking is maybe the most fun and useful
         | skill in leisure research, as in paid research.
        
         | citizenpaul wrote:
         | I've been finding that digital only sources have been declining
         | in quality for probably 5 years now. I have actually greatly
         | reduced my reliance on them due to the fact that anytime HTTP
         | is involved you add a layer of potential marketing obscuring
         | the goal. I've been finding especially lately that I would have
         | been better just getting a book. In fact I've greatly increased
         | by personal library after years of stagnation as the online
         | source quality has decreased.
         | 
         | Books are dense on info (assuming its not a churned out book
         | which are also a problem now with self publishing) the internet
         | tends to be full of fluff and greatly increases the time that I
         | spend sifting rather than just learning and researching. My
         | best purchase in the last couple years is a 10.3" ebook reader.
         | Technical subject books don't work well on smaller readers and
         | it makes a huge difference in quality of my personal
         | development/research/learning.
         | 
         | I do agree that right now LLM's can help you a lot when you are
         | starting on especially on a subject you know little about.
         | However this will absolutely be poisoned over time because
         | marketing will always creep in until it dominates the HTTP
         | source. There is simply too much money to be made jamming a
         | product in someones face no matter how subtle over providing
         | impartial information when it comes to HTTP. The subtle ads are
         | the most insidious because they can often waste lots of your
         | time without you realizing it. Sometimes for years if you don't
         | realize you were evangelized rather than educated.
        
           | SamPatt wrote:
           | The majority of online content can decrease in quality while
           | LLMs can increase in quality.
           | 
           | If the decrease in quality is noticeable to you, then it can
           | be accounted for by future model makers. We already know that
           | quantity isn't everything.
           | 
           | The average coming down only creates a stronger contrast for
           | the high-quality work. As a writer, I'm excited about having
           | LLMs available to help me. They're already indispensable.
        
           | spudlyo wrote:
           | > However this will absolutely be poisoned over time because
           | marketing will always creep in until it dominates the HTTP
           | source.
           | 
           | I often remind myself that we are in the golden age of LLMs,
           | like the pre-enshitification days when Google would nearly
           | always return relevant and useful results, and I felt like
           | with access to the Internet I could learn anything.
        
         | jbverschoor wrote:
         | It's all the same duplicated/ copied information. No fact
         | checks, no references. It's exhausting to read the same stuff
         | over and over again
         | 
         | Long live LLMs
        
         | wisty wrote:
         | I don't think it's a silver bullet, but reading source material
         | is often quite informative.
         | 
         | Did he say anything else was important? I'd have to read the
         | source material.
         | 
         | Why did he say you should read the source material?
         | 
         | Did he consider counter-arguments?
         | 
         | Was his overall argument more nuanced?
         | 
         | How did he come to the conclusion that you should read source
         | material?
         | 
         | Was this his main point, or a secondary point in a list of
         | several different arguments?
         | 
         | Honestly, a lot of academia seems like social media. People
         | take a one-line summary and argue over the merits, often
         | without any real idea of the source material.
        
         | rottc0dd wrote:
         | But, media consumption habits to a certain degree, do dictate
         | our thinking and how much and how long we can actually
         | concentrate, no? I also agree that we need not do everything
         | the same way we have done before and there are different ways
         | to achieve the end.
         | 
         | >> I feel like this person has some kind of dark academia
         | aesthetic fetish that they need to hold onto to feel superior
         | to everyone else.
         | 
         | We all have our bias. We settle with and swear by a way we end
         | up finding to work for us for right reasons.
         | 
         | I notice this a lot while doing math. I would normally start
         | with books because they already have predefined structure and
         | have all the topics a person would normally need. I buy 3 or 4
         | books for which solutions are available. I start with book and
         | then I would listen to lectures. If I do not understand, I
         | would read some other book on same topic. I would have one book
         | which I can understand better than other. Then try to solve
         | many problems from all the books and look up solutions.
         | 
         | Though this is so time consuming and demanding with a full time
         | job, when I engage with learning, I try to engage in this
         | manner. If somebody asks me, I would recommend this because for
         | fairly technical topics because other ways have left me with
         | vague understanding but not good enough mental model to make me
         | relate to problems in terms of the abstractions from those
         | topics. That does not mean this is the only way and each might
         | have to find thier own path.
         | 
         | LLM has been godsend for me too here, particularly when I am
         | trying to fill my gaps in understanding while reading technical
         | books. And it is much more easier to listen or see, than to
         | read. So, given our current landscape and how much time is
         | spent with work, it is true that it is getting harder and
         | harder to read and almost not feasible for many of us.
        
       | fxtentacle wrote:
       | "Where have the amateur researchers gone"
       | 
       | To their 2nd job.
       | 
       | "and how do we bring them back?"
       | 
       | Pay them enough salary to survive on just 1 job.
        
         | aurumque wrote:
         | A lot (and I mean A LOT) of research and breakthroughs in the
         | period of 1500 to 1900 was completed by people with no jobs
         | whatsoever. If you are looking to revive the great
         | mathematicians, writers, philosophers, and scientists of
         | yesteryear, you will need to pay them a UBI and sit back and
         | hope for the best.
        
       | keepamovin wrote:
       | AI is bringing that back. It's so fun to say: "Teach me about..."
       | and just keep going. :)
        
       | luizfzs wrote:
       | My gut feeling (with bias) is that most people don't think about
       | things around them because society is in a constant state of
       | hurry. If someone is wondering 'how did zoning laws came to be?',
       | they are not being productive. And our western society seems to
       | value the individuals based on how much they produce.
       | 
       | The person working, or commuting to/from work, is tired and
       | doesn't have the energy to ponder about the world around us.
       | 
       | The 'first researchers' if I may call them that, were the
       | Ionians, a Greek island of merchants, that had the time and
       | resources to pursue the interests of the mind.
       | 
       | That's of course, only part of the story. The other part, I'd
       | say, is to have the habit of questioning and wondering about the
       | world around us. That comes with practice. And ironically, lots
       | of parents indirectly discourage their kids from asking questions
       | by becoming annoyed at how many 'whys' their kids ask.
       | 
       | Our educational system is also discouraging of such way of
       | thinking. It's mostly a production line of workers.
        
         | randomNumber7 wrote:
         | I agree with your gut feeling and add that to me it feels im
         | surrounded by f*ing Zombies.
         | 
         | It's not that they are too stupid, but they don't even __try__
         | to think.
        
           | gnulinux wrote:
           | My boss regularly criticizes me for thinking too much.
           | Sometimes I stop and think if this is the best way to
           | implement something, and then suddenly receive a lecture
           | about velocity, moving fast, being efficient, being ok with
           | pushing bugs to prod, and all that shebang.
           | 
           | Our society has a pathological obsession with productivity.
        
       | aeblyve wrote:
       | The most important thing is having a wealth of free time.
        
       | jll29 wrote:
       | I like the idea of collecting a list of books that you would take
       | with you on a remote island. Imagine you would never leave that
       | island, what would you take?
       | 
       | - The Art of Computer Programming I-IVb
       | 
       | - Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs
       | 
       | - Godel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid
       | 
       | - Lions' Commentary on UNIX 6th Edition
       | 
       | - ...
       | 
       | or perhaps
       | 
       | - The Bible
       | 
       | - The Scouting Guide to Wilderness First Aid: An Officially-
       | Licensed Book of the Boy Scouts of America: More than 200
       | Essential Skills for Medical ... in Remote Environments (A BSA
       | Scouting Guide)
       | 
       | - ...?
        
         | readthenotes1 wrote:
         | Certainly survival guide stuff.
         | 
         | I was thinking about the civilization book case and wondering
         | if they had forgotten to include sun tzu, clausewitz, etc ...
        
       | PaulHoule wrote:
       | Marshall McLuhan also thought television would displace reading
       | but I think it only happened for real when YouTube came along in
       | that YouTube vastly expanded the availability of non-fiction TV.
       | 
       | One example is the disappearance of text guides for video games:
       | circa 2010 you could still find good FAQs and walkthroughs such
       | that if you got stuck or were trying to work out the dependencies
       | in a _Neptunia_ game such that you need items A, B and C to make
       | item D and you 'll have to visit locations E, F and F' (a variant
       | of F you can unlock by making a "plan") you could do it
       | efficiently.
       | 
       | Now for a 30 hour game you have to find the right place in 30
       | hours worth of video -- once in a while you are stuck because
       | there is some place where you can jump where it doesn't look like
       | you can jump and just seeing somebody do it in a video makes it
       | totally clear, but just as often somebody in the video took a
       | different route or has a different build and you've got no
       | freakin' idea even after watching the video. There was already a
       | problem for games like _Pokemon_ where walkthroughs were
       | problematic because of the high variance of builds, but it 's far
       | worse in video where you want a database more than you want a
       | walkthrough.
        
       | dartos wrote:
       | Yeah, quants are another breed.
        
       | mykowebhn wrote:
       | It's difficult, especially if you have to earn money and support
       | others.
       | 
       | I'm taking some time off, and I'm currently busy reading the
       | German Idealist philosophers, Kant, Schelling, Fichte, Hegel, and
       | some Aristotle, Plato, and Plotinus. I am having the time of my
       | life!
        
       | strawhatdev wrote:
       | The victorian urge to travel the world collecting rare botanical
       | samples.
        
       | vonneumannstan wrote:
       | >>> for the leisurely researcher, self-study must include the
       | discipline's foundational texts
       | 
       | >I feel like this person has some kind of dark academia aesthetic
       | fetish that they need to hold onto to feel superior to everyone
       | else.
       | 
       | This is how you end up on the Crackpot Index. Thinking you
       | created a theory of everything or a cold fusion device despite
       | literally not knowing algebra or basic electrical engineering.
        
       | kishore-jalleda wrote:
       | I don't think amateur researchers have disappeared - they're
       | evolving how they discover, process, and share knowledge. And we
       | need both traditional deep reading and newer modalities to
       | accommodate different learning contexts and preferences.
        
       | TimorousBestie wrote:
       | The largest impediment to researching in my leisure time is the
       | vast and exorbitant paywalls that academic publishers deploy.
       | 
       | It's particularly galling when I know the work was funded by my
       | own tax dollars. If a govt employee had produced the work, it
       | would have been in the public domain. But if the govt gives a
       | grant to a researcher, suddenly their output is intellectual
       | property with a grossly inflated profit margin.
        
       | danans wrote:
       | > Where free time is not used for research -- for developing
       | questions, and investigating the answers with an explorer's
       | spirit -- cultural coherence crumbles.
       | 
       | Perhaps, but the reality for a great many is that "free time" is
       | occupied by survival anxiety, whether because that time is spent
       | in additional paid work, care of loved ones, or attempting to get
       | a leg up or to jump on a non-sinking life raft.
       | 
       | While technology-enabled cultural fragmentation is undoubtedly a
       | strong influence in this, the long term affordability inversion
       | that has occurred between consumables (food, clothes,
       | electronics, etc) and assets (housing, education, security) has
       | exacerbated the aforementioned anxieties and therefore makes
       | people vulnerable to the charms of the escapism that new types of
       | quick-hit media provide, from cable-news through to social media.
        
       | sotix wrote:
       | I've been researching Greek mythology for the past few years as
       | an amateur. It's been a lot of fun and rewarding for me. There
       | are a few things, which make the research in my leisure time
       | tough though.
       | 
       | 1. Society is set up so that I have to prioritize making money in
       | my limited free time. Fortunately this pressure has lessened
       | since I got a well paying job, but it held back my free time for
       | years.
       | 
       | 2. Because of the first constraint, I don't have the time to dive
       | into mastery. I'm reading works at a much slower rate since I
       | have to work everyday. I've also found the time over the past few
       | years to study Modern Greek, which I could have spent studying
       | Ancient Greek I suppose. However, I don't have the time to study
       | both and Modern Greek has been my priority for reasons outside of
       | my research.
       | 
       | 3. I owe a great deal of my research to people with PhDs/DPhils
       | on the topic. However, I also can't contribute much to the field
       | because they deliver their incredible work full time. I'm far
       | less likely to make significant contributions when they have
       | already spent years studying Ancient Greek and then every day
       | performing acts such as translating great works.
       | 
       | All that said, I'm satisfied not competing with the experts. I
       | just recognize that this is purely a hobby that I perform for fun
       | when I have the time, which isn't as often as I need in order to
       | be a more useful researcher.
        
       | ctrlp wrote:
       | Amateur researchers are frequently derided as dilettantes.
       | Sometimes they are. But "Science" is filled with gatekeepers
       | demanding institutional credentials. For good and bad.
        
       | creer wrote:
       | Lost? It has never been easier to do research or start a research
       | project. What has changed is the inclination to read. Reading was
       | a refuge for some - and probably fiction graphic novels, computer
       | games, doom scrolling are now the comparable refuge. So basic,
       | cursory research has lost one population.
       | 
       | Did that population do all that much in-depth research. Some
       | sure. Not all that much.
       | 
       | So there was perhaps an anomaly in research for a short while and
       | we are now back to deeper research belonging again to the people
       | who enjoy the rabbit hole and the full fledged projects. And for
       | us, research has never been easier.
        
       | thinkcritical wrote:
       | First of all, there was a lot of interesting food for thought in
       | this post and I love the framework it offers for leisurely
       | research. However; I don't agree with this:
       | 
       | > through audiovisual devices, which ask no discipline of the
       | mind, and which are already giving the room the languor of an
       | opium parlor.
       | 
       | I wish there was concrete evidence provided to support this. I
       | suspect that learning outcomes are going to be more influenced by
       | the quality of the material and the level of engagement of the
       | learner, regardless of medium. Bad content is bad content,
       | whether it's text or audiovisual, and I can passively read a book
       | as easily as I can passively consume a video.
        
       | odyssey7 wrote:
       | Academia has a combination of monopoly and scarcity that drove
       | would-be researchers insane. Simple as that.
       | 
       | I mean this both flippantly in many cases and literally in many
       | others. Academia in my orbit appears to be a risk factor for
       | psychological problems.
        
       | loxodrome wrote:
       | The academic establishment has done a pretty good job of
       | excluding and discrediting anyone without a PhD from actively
       | participating in research.
        
       | seu wrote:
       | "Books as civilization" implies that those peoples who had not
       | "created" books (or something similar) were not civilized. Quite
       | eurocentric.
        
       | JumpCrisscross wrote:
       | "Fundamental to the art of research as leisure is the creation of
       | formal and informal 'communities of knowledge' in which well-
       | researched ideas are communicated in a written form, and
       | presented for wider debate."
       | 
       | I think the better message for this article is publish your
       | findings if you do original research. On a personal blog. In a
       | paper. Maybe a book.
       | 
       | All the other stuff is a bit circle jerky.
        
       | admiralrohan wrote:
       | I grew up in poverty in India, so research was never a leisure
       | activity--it was a race to keep up. That's why I think the
       | article is right about the cultural shift. Deep reading feels
       | like a luxury not everyone can afford.
       | 
       | Now, I see more people relying on step-by-step guides instead of
       | digging in themselves. It fits the trend of passive consumption.
       | But reading alone isn't enough. It only matters if you can use it
       | to solve real problems you care about.
        
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