[HN Gopher] Apple's long-lost hidden recovery partition from 199...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Apple's long-lost hidden recovery partition from 1994 has been
       found
        
       Author : chmaynard
       Score  : 277 points
       Date   : 2025-03-16 00:07 UTC (22 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.downtowndougbrown.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.downtowndougbrown.com)
        
       | userbinator wrote:
       | _How many personal computers in 1994 still had the ability to
       | boot after the OS was trashed?_
       | 
       | In the DOS/Windows world, you'd insert the boot floppy you made
       | and boot from that in order to undo changes that prevented the
       | main system from booting, but DOS is simple enough that it's easy
       | to make additional copies of it (two kernel files, and one
       | shell); in that era, I'd make all my floppies bootable.
        
         | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
         | > but DOS is simple enough that it's easy to make additional
         | copies of it (two kernel files, and one shell); in that era,
         | I'd make all my floppies bootable.
         | 
         | Depending on your machines, we may have looped back to that
         | point in the form of
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40914761 - 20MB in one
         | file is all it takes to carry around a UEFI bootable Linux
         | system on every USB drive you own.
        
         | vishnugupta wrote:
         | Yeah the first thing I did after a fresh windows install was to
         | create boot disk, and have 2-3 copies just in case because
         | floppy disks were notoriously unreliable.
        
           | bartvk wrote:
           | Oh wow yes, you made me remember I didn't much like that.
           | Money was tight as a teenager and it always hurt a little to
           | "spend" floppy disks on multiple copies.
        
             | the_third_wave wrote:
             | That's what all those commercial demo disks were for, or
             | AOL disks for those in regions where that was a thing.
        
             | technothrasher wrote:
             | A little bit earlier, but I remember dumpster diving behind
             | a big company in the early 80's and finding a couple boxes
             | of probably about 200 blank floppies. Couldn't believe my
             | score! I pretty quickly found out about half of them were
             | bad, which was probably why they were in the dumpster. But
             | still there were plenty of discs for Apple II games copied
             | from all my friends.
        
         | donnachangstein wrote:
         | Pretty sure Packard Bell and Compaq had recovery partitions
         | long before Apple "borrowed" the idea.
        
           | userbinator wrote:
           | IBM too.
        
         | GeekyBear wrote:
         | An equivalent feature would need to boot a hidden backup
         | version of Windows 3.1.
        
         | LeoPanthera wrote:
         | > How many personal computers in 1994 still had the ability to
         | boot after the OS was trashed?
         | 
         | Every Acorn Archimedes computer, since the entire OS (not just
         | a rescue system, a full, graphical OS) booted in a couple of
         | seconds entirely from ROM. It's the only computer I know of
         | with a fully featured graphical OS that was fully functional
         | without any kind of disk.
        
           | bmacho wrote:
           | Every popular OS has live boot, including Windows now. Linux
           | has had it since the very beginning
        
             | LeoPanthera wrote:
             | Yes. But from a disk.
        
               | bmacho wrote:
               | Ah you mean the OS is in the _ROM_ , soldered to the
               | motherboard, maybe not even writeable. Sure, I don't know
               | about that, maybe your example is the only one
        
               | chongli wrote:
               | Booting from ROM was pretty common back in the day. A lot
               | of machines from the "golden age of micros" (late 1970s -
               | early 1980s) would boot right up into a BASIC prompt. A
               | full graphical interface was something else though!
               | That's really cool!
        
             | atombender wrote:
             | Archimedes came out in 1987, though. And Linux has never
             | booted a full GUI OS from _ROM_ built into the computer.
             | Parent is not talking about CD-ROM.
        
             | MarkusWandel wrote:
             | Not from the very beginning. The earliest live boot CD I
             | remember is "DemoLinux". Back then that was still a major
             | hack. Now Fedora, at least, boots into live mode to run the
             | installer from the full GUI.
        
               | ndiddy wrote:
               | Yggdrasil Plug-and-Play Linux supported running off the
               | CD as far back as 1993, but you needed a boot floppy
               | because computers couldn't boot from CD at that point.
               | When you installed it to your hard drive, most of the
               | included software stayed on the CD, meaning that you had
               | ~500 MB of software and source code permanently available
               | without taking up hard drive space. This was useful in an
               | era when 200 MB and smaller hard drives were common.
               | After installing, you could pick and choose which system
               | components you wanted to move from the CD to the hard
               | drive.
        
           | kolinko wrote:
           | Amiga was close to it, wasn't it?
        
             | lproven wrote:
             | No. The equivalent to firmware was in ROM in later models,
             | but the OS was loaded from disk.
             | 
             | It was unusually complete firmware, comparable to the Mac
             | Toolbox, but you could not use the computer in any way
             | without an OS that had to be soft-loaded.
             | 
             | The Archimedes was a full multitasking GUI OS, in ROM. No
             | disk of any form needed. It could join a network and load
             | apps and save files to a server with no local storage media
             | even installed in the workstation.
             | 
             | This is why Oracle used it as the basis for the original
             | network computer:
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acorn_Network_Computer
             | 
             | The Pace company, better known for modems and set-top
             | boxes, ended up owning a fork of RISC OS for this purpose.
             | That fork is what led to the current fully-32-bit version
             | and then, later, to the FOSS release.
        
             | TacticalCoder wrote:
             | The Amiga 1000 (that came before the 500) didn't have the
             | "kickstart" in ROM, so you needed a kickstart disk for the
             | 1000.
             | 
             | The Amiga 500 and later had the kickstart in ROM and many
             | of us would mod our Amiga 500 so that we could use a switch
             | to select between kickstart 1.2 or 1.3.
             | 
             | But even on the Amiga 500, that still wasn't a UI from ROM:
             | you had to use the "workbench" disk to get the UI.
        
           | xioxox wrote:
           | I believe many Atari ST models had their graphical OS
           | (TOS/GEM) on ROM. The Archimedes with RISC OS felt
           | revolutionary at the time, however. Several of the graphical
           | desktop programs were written in BBC Basic and you could look
           | at the source.
        
           | znpy wrote:
           | You could probably still do this.
           | 
           | I remember a thing called menuetos, written mostly in
           | assembly and fitting a single floppy drive while still having
           | a decent ui and some drivers. You could probably fit that in
           | a normal bios chip and/or boot it as a efi payload.
           | 
           | Imo it's mostly about nobody having tried that yet (at least
           | afaik).
        
             | cosmic_cheese wrote:
             | I've been waiting for someone to do something more
             | interesting with EFI. It's extremely capable and could
             | easily host a minimal recovery environment that would be
             | invaluable in many situations, particularly on laptops
             | which might be out in the field away from recovery tools
             | when things break.
        
               | userbinator wrote:
               | _I've been waiting for someone to do something more
               | interesting with EFI_
               | 
               | The recovery capabilities you mention have existed before
               | EFI:
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instant-on
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Splashtop_OS
        
           | goosedragons wrote:
           | The Macintosh Classic (the model named that) had a System
           | 6.0.3 image in ROM. You had to hold down Cmd-Option X-O to
           | get it to boot from that.
        
           | klik99 wrote:
           | The closest I saw to this was my Dads Tandy laptop in late
           | 80s that had no hard drive - the OS (DOS) was ROM and the
           | file system was RAM, you could boot up with no discs
           | inserted. In retrospect it was a great computer for me to
           | learn on since I could poke around freely and there was no
           | chance of bricking it.
        
           | sillywalk wrote:
           | The IBM PS/1 model 2011 had PC-DOS + plus a limited GUI in
           | ROM.
        
         | ekianjo wrote:
         | The Amiga could. The OS was in ROM.
        
           | EvanAnderson wrote:
           | Kickstart was in ROM (except for the A1000, where you loaded
           | it from floppy). Workbench loaded from secondary storage.
        
           | lproven wrote:
           | This is not true, as I explained in detail upthread.
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43378500
           | 
           | It never was true. I own one of the things.
        
         | gus_massa wrote:
         | > _in that era, I 'd make all my floppies bootable._
         | 
         | In that era, virus made all your floppies bootable for you.
        
         | glimshe wrote:
         | How many computers in 2025 allow you to use your external USB
         | keyboard numpad as arrows? Not an Apple, at least not without
         | convoluted system-level configurations or third-party software.
         | Apple gets many things right but can still be infuriating on
         | the simple stuff.
        
           | Aaargh20318 wrote:
           | Why would you expect it to do that? There is nothing on the
           | keys to suggest they should have that feature and the actual
           | arrow keys are about 5cm away.
        
             | bornfreddy wrote:
             | Not sure how it is in Mac world, but in PC world the
             | numeric keys have arrows (8 is up, 2 is down, 4 left, 6
             | right), and you can activate them by pressing NumLock. It
             | has been this way since at least 90s. Never used them
             | myself, but I guess if you are used to them and they no
             | longer work it can be infuriating. E.g. like VSCode
             | removing Insert key functionality (always inserts, never
             | overrides the text).
        
               | Sunspark wrote:
               | I am typing this on a 1987 Apple keyboard on a PC and
               | this numpad functionality works. What I don't know is, is
               | it because of Windows, or because of the ADB to USB
               | adapter?
               | 
               | The numpad keys do have their own scan codes separate
               | from that of the main rows.
        
               | flomo wrote:
               | Back in 1987, Apple sold a PC compatibility card, and the
               | Extended Keyboard was designed to work with that. So I
               | assume it always sent the correct scan codes.
        
               | Aaargh20318 wrote:
               | There are no arrow on the numeric island an Apple
               | keyboard, nor is there a numlock key. There is a 'clear'
               | key on the numeric island in the location where a PC
               | would have a numlock key (it has the function of the 'AC'
               | key on a calculator and functions as such in the
               | calculator app).
        
         | timewizard wrote:
         | > but DOS is simple enough that it's easy to make additional
         | copies of it (two kernel files, and one shell)
         | 
         | The files still had to be in the correct sectors. Hence the use
         | of the SYS command to perform this.
        
       | muppetman wrote:
       | I love people like this who are so dedicated to understanding
       | things from our past. Really, it makes no difference to the world
       | if this is every fully understood or not. But it's their passion,
       | and it shows. And I think that's wonderful.
        
       | mmooss wrote:
       | That old MacOS UI looks so appealing. I want to use it and I
       | don't care that it's low-res, black and white. I love that they
       | created what seems like a texture in the window titlebars, I
       | assume to give them physical-like presence and to encourage
       | grabbing them.
       | 
       | I don't want to use my computer's UI; it's just necessary and
       | slightly annoying in its aesthetics and cognitive load.
        
         | labster wrote:
         | I feel the same way. I have an original iPhone that I still use
         | as a music player, and the old UI still looks insanely great
         | compared to the flat, gray expanse we find ourselves in today.
         | System 7 was pretty solid design work as well. Imagine what our
         | desktops would look like if they had gotten Copeland running.
        
           | larusso wrote:
           | UTM (the Virtualization and Emulation software for Mac) has a
           | system9 image on their gallery which is easy to install. It
           | also looks great.
        
             | reaperducer wrote:
             | But to do anything more interesting than boot up, it
             | quickly becomes cumbersome and non functional.
             | 
             | I'd love to use OS9 in UTM daily, but it's really just a
             | tech demo.
        
               | larusso wrote:
               | Ah ok. I also only booted it up and checked old memories
               | but nothing more. I did a simple network setup and wanted
               | to know if the internet works (well with the security
               | restrictions it has)
        
           | danhau wrote:
           | I will forever miss skeuomorphism.
        
             | Henchman21 wrote:
             | I suspect it will return as we realize newer generations of
             | people don't really know how to use anything? Maybe that's
             | more of a hope than anything :)
        
               | bornfreddy wrote:
               | I suspect newer generations will instead try to change
               | the reality so that it resembles the digital world.
        
               | wat10000 wrote:
               | It's been happening for some time. Look at how many
               | touchscreens get used on things that shouldn't have them.
        
             | ixtli wrote:
             | same. I really thought the community made a mistake
             | entirely rejecting the concept in the past 10+ years
        
               | sbuk wrote:
               | I'd argue it was a reaction to "rich Corinthian leather",
               | yellow-lined notepads and green baize, which only
               | appeared in Lion and Mountain Lion. The more subtle use
               | of skeuomorphic elements (aqua buttons, brushed aluminum,
               | etc.) was collateral damage.
        
         | RossBencina wrote:
         | > texture in the window titlebars, I assume to give them
         | physical-like presence and to encourage grabbing them.
         | 
         | That's called a visual affordance. Once upon a time it was
         | canon that interactive UI items had visual affordance -- you
         | could tell that you could interact with them at a glance, just
         | by looking at them.
        
           | frereubu wrote:
           | In MacOS There's an accessibility setting in System Settings
           | > Accessibility > Display called "Differentiate without
           | colour" that adds some extra affordances like on and off
           | icons in the switches. I forget what else, but I always have
           | it on because it makes things even more obvious in a way that
           | it feels like OS programmers used to take more seriously in
           | an era before the flat design idiocy.
        
             | wat10000 wrote:
             | There's another option for high contrast that makes things
             | look more like old Macs. I think it looks better,
             | regardless of accessibility considerations.
        
         | lproven wrote:
         | I think the "finder" in this needs to become a fully-fledged
         | standalone project:
         | 
         | https://github.com/arthurchoung/HOTDOG
        
         | frereubu wrote:
         | If you use MacOS, you can get some of that black-and-white
         | feeling back by going into System Settings > Accessibility >
         | Display, scroll down to Colour Filters, turn it on, change
         | Filter type to Greyscale and set Intensity to High. I do this
         | on my personal computer to try and make it less compulsive at
         | weekends, to remind me that it's just a tool, and that there
         | are other interesting things to do with my time. I'm probably
         | getting old, but I also find this more restful to look at.
         | Sometimes you need the colours because apps rely on it:
         | although I can't remember how I did it now you can add an
         | Accessibility Shortcuts item to the menubar which allows you to
         | turn the Colour Filters on and off with a click, drag and
         | release on Colour Filters.
         | 
         | I also use that filter on iOS to tone down the colours by
         | setting the Intensity of the same filter at a much lower level
         | - I find the standard colours really garish when I turn them
         | back on (e.g. when looking at photos). On iOS you can set a
         | three-click shortcut on the action button to turn that on and
         | off.
         | 
         | Edit: I forgot, there's also an "Increase contrast" setting
         | there which makes the UI even closer to the older MacOS look,
         | but although it does give different areas more differentiation
         | I find it a bit too harsh - I think because it's just flat
         | black and white, whereas the older systems used more greyscale
         | textures.
        
           | guestbest wrote:
           | I do this with windows 10 for a tablet with a detachable
           | keyboard to make it like an eink display.
        
         | sbuk wrote:
         | The texture in the title bars was definitely there as a visual
         | cue, as much as to alert the user to the fact that the window
         | beneath it was active. The title bars on inactive windows were
         | unfilled.
        
       | hilbert42 wrote:
       | Every time I hear mention of Connor and Connor Peripherals Inc. I
       | get the shivers. Not this has much to do with Apple's hidden
       | recovery partition other than Connor drives are mentioned here.
       | 
       | Never have I experienced worse drives than those made by Connor
       | Peripherals Inc. I've had them fail on many occasions--they'd
       | fail if so much as to look at them.
       | 
       | I recall one instance where I'd spent hours setting up my
       | computer and all was OK only to drop a small manual onto the
       | table from a few inches height. The next thing that happened was
       | the OS chucked an 'Abort, Retry or Ignore' message. Drive was
       | completely dead.
        
         | supermatou wrote:
         | Same here. Thirty years later, I'm still reeling from the loss
         | of an inestimable trove of software created between the late
         | Seventies and the early Nineties (many now-defunct operating
         | systems, extremely rare programs and so on). All that on a
         | 800MB Conner drive, which I had installed as a secondary (non-
         | boot) drive in my system. The drive died on me with absolutely
         | no warning signs, something that was unusual even for that
         | period of time - it simply disappeared from the OS/BIOS, less
         | that a year after I bought it.
        
           | hilbert42 wrote:
           | _" The drive died on me with absolutely no warning
           | signs,..."_
           | 
           | Except for the drive killed by the dropped manual, that's
           | essentially what happened to the others--about a dozen or so.
           | They just stopped working, either they wouldn't start on boot
           | or they'd just become inaccessible during operation. I wasn't
           | alone, others I know had the same issues. They were an
           | unmitigated disaster, it beats me how they ever made it to
           | market. (All were replaced under warranty with other brands.)
           | BTW, I never lost any data as I used Tandberg QIC tape
           | streamers for backups.
           | 
           | Incidentally, the drive killed by the manual was only 20MB.
           | If I recall correctly the largest Connor drive I used was
           | only 40MB.
           | 
           | Did you ever attempt to recover the data from that drive by
           | way of a data recovery service or such?
        
           | blincoln wrote:
           | Do you still have the drive? You might be able to recover the
           | content. The level of difficulty might be anything from "plug
           | it into an adapter and make an image with dd" to "find a
           | working drive of the same type and start swapping parts other
           | than the platters" though.
        
         | lproven wrote:
         | Conner. With an E.
         | 
         | https://wiki.preterhuman.net/Conner_Peripherals
         | 
         | You might be thinking of _Terminator_ ...?
        
           | hilbert42 wrote:
           | Yeah, thanks. I ought to know by now. It's a double problem,
           | the editor corrects to 'or' and my work colleague is also a
           | 'Connor'.
           | 
           | Right, perhaps the name ought to be _Data Terminator._ :-)
        
         | ggiesen wrote:
         | I remember another brand, JTS, from the 90's. While Connor was
         | bad, JTS was the undisputed king of data loss. They didn't last
         | long as a company.
        
       | Kwpolska wrote:
       | I'm not a classic Mac OS expert, but the way it works seems
       | extremely convoluted and un-Apple-like. Instead of copying the
       | mini system folder to the desktop and asking the user to copy the
       | files to the real system folder, couldn't they just automatically
       | copy the files to the system folder?
        
         | Uvix wrote:
         | If they did, users who customized their System file would
         | complain that it destroyed their data.
        
           | Kwpolska wrote:
           | Those users would probably refuse the recovery and boot the
           | system from a CD/floppy to recover manually.
        
       | donatj wrote:
       | I remember using these CD caddy Performas in elementary school
       | when they were relatively new and being somewhat confused by the
       | why, as we had a tray loading audio CD player in our living room
       | at the time.
        
         | reaperducer wrote:
         | It was to keep the CD-ROMS from getting scratched.
        
           | crazygringo wrote:
           | It was a misguided idea, and was quickly abandoned because
           | obviously a CD-ROM is just as likely to be scratched when
           | moving it from jewel box to caddy, as when moving it from
           | jewel box into tray.
           | 
           | The reason it was supposed to be more protective was that the
           | industry expected everybody to buy a separate caddy for each
           | CD-ROM they owned, so each CD would only ever be transferred
           | once, and thus be scratched less. But caddies were expensive
           | so obviously nobody ever did that (I'm not sure it even ever
           | _occurred_ to most people), and manufacturers quickly
           | switched to trays.
        
       | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
       | I remember an old rackmount computer at my first job, where you
       | had a row of switches on the front, and you'd have to clock in
       | the boot sequence, each time.
       | 
       | It was actually before my time (but not by much).
        
       | larusso wrote:
       | Funny I watched a video from ,,this does not compute" where he
       | worked on a rare Apple prototype. The drive had the very same
       | issue and he fixed it the same way.
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/OM64l8tZSwY?si=WhEtsVPpcI21YmLn
        
       | ixtli wrote:
       | Absolutely incredible long read. I adore people who commit
       | themselves to archival works like this.
        
       | bijant wrote:
       | If I were a Paul Allen-tier billionaire, I'd endow university
       | chairs in 'Computer Archaeology' specifically for people doing
       | this kind of meticulous digging. It's fantastic work, clarifying
       | how operating systems evolved--though arguably just a bit more
       | practical than crawling around ancient Greek ruins searching for
       | fragments of the past.
        
       | blincoln wrote:
       | I definitely support the author's "make an image of the hard
       | drive as soon as you buy vintage hardware".
       | 
       | There have been some amazing finds that way, especially game
       | prototypes. Often, the data has been marked deleted and every
       | time the system is used, it's more likely to be overwritten.
       | 
       | It's also a good idea because old drives could stop working at
       | any time, and unless someone else has shared an image from the
       | same device, there may not be a good way to use it again without
       | copying that drive image to a newer replacement.
        
       | yborg wrote:
       | Mac A/UX systems from that era created an 'Eschatology' partition
       | for autorecovery. I always liked the name.
        
         | dougg3 wrote:
         | That's what that was? I noticed it while looking through the
         | Apple HD SC Setup code and assumed it had something to do with
         | A/UX, but had no idea. Good to know!
        
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       (page generated 2025-03-16 23:01 UTC)