[HN Gopher] Stoicism's appeal to the rich and powerful (2019)
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Stoicism's appeal to the rich and powerful (2019)
        
       Author : Tomte
       Score  : 163 points
       Date   : 2025-03-14 14:35 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.exurbe.com)
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       | adamnemecek wrote:
       | I wonder what caused the current obsession with stoicism. It
       | seems vacant.
        
         | michaelsbradley wrote:
         | Interest in stoicism seems to be cyclical on HN. I've been
         | following HN regularly since 2010, and I noticed that a couple
         | of times per year there were/are spikes in stoicism-related
         | submissions and discussions over a few weekends. My
         | unsubstantiated theory is that someone gives a presentation/s
         | touching on stoicism to new YC batches, or something like that.
        
         | alabastervlog wrote:
         | Vanity.
        
         | larrykubin wrote:
         | I always traced this to Ryan Holiday marketing the philosophy
         | and selling books on the topic and starting a YouTube channel
         | "The Daily Stoic"
        
           | accrual wrote:
           | Ryan Holiday is a good guy. I've followed his content for a
           | while. Yes, he is marketing essentially "free" philosophy,
           | but he does a good job adapting it to modern life.
        
         | aschobel wrote:
         | Could you recommend another philosophy worth exploring? As
         | someone who's relatively new to Stoicism, I've found the four
         | virtues (wisdom, courage, justice, and temperance) to offer
         | valuable guidance for living a balanced life. I'd genuinely
         | appreciate hearing more about your perspective--why do you find
         | Stoicism vacant?
        
         | codexb wrote:
         | It's a remarkably good set of strategies and mindset for
         | dealing with conflict, anxiety, and having to make a large
         | number of difficult decisions.
         | 
         | The core of stoicism (stressed more by Epictetus, a former
         | slave, than Marcus Aurelius) is that we should not focus or
         | worry on things we can't control. We can't control other
         | people, or societies, or the unforeseen tragic events we may
         | experience, but we can control our own actions, our own
         | thoughts, and the way we respond to them. We can't dictate our
         | emotions, but we can handle how we express those emotions.
         | 
         | In many ways, it's similar to what you might learn going
         | through therapy. But the mental health and difficulties that
         | men face are somewhat overlooked by society and not taken as
         | seriously as maybe they should be. In that environment,
         | literally any strategies at all for dealing with stress and
         | anxiety that are tailored towards men are going to be popular.
        
           | engels_gibs wrote:
           | Thats patently false. Some people do control other people,
           | some people do control whole societies. What stoicism does
           | is: for the underclass, it tells them to accept such control.
           | Lying that "you have no control" over working conditions,
           | exploitation, misery, hunger, suffering, etc. Do nothing,
           | because nothing you do will matter.
           | 
           | And for the capitalists upper class what it does is to
           | validate the atroicities they commit: "the universe is an
           | eternal good entity, everything happens for a reason. Sixty
           | thousand children killed in Gaza? Its just the universe
           | changing colors, changing quantity, some people turned from
           | alive to unalive, but in the grand scheme of things it doesnt
           | matter. You are just doing your role".
        
             | accrual wrote:
             | If you're underclass and beat up on by society above you,
             | stoicism is a very rational philosophy to adopt.
             | 
             | If you're upper crust and controlling everyone beneath you,
             | I think it's still worthwhile to consider stoicism. Or is
             | there some kind of divide - if one is poor you should enact
             | one set of philosophies, if you're rich and powerful one
             | should enact different philosophies?
        
         | tasty_freeze wrote:
         | I don't follow Tim Ferriss, but I heard him interviewed on a
         | podcast I sometimes listen to (I forget which) and Ferris said
         | he reads MA's writings at least yearly and has done so for
         | decades, and credited it with helping him with his depression
         | and other issues. I got the impression he mentions it and
         | advocates that everyone should study them as well. The
         | interviewer was equally enthusiastic about MA.
         | 
         | Considering the popularity of Ferriss, he is probably part of
         | the reason. I suspect the type of people who read his books (eg
         | the 4 hour work week) probably are into it too as it is a macho
         | stance to take. Who the hell thinks it is good to sleep on a
         | stone floor in order to toughen your mind so you don't get too
         | attached to comforts? My philosophy is I'll deal with suffering
         | when it comes, and not practice before then to get good at it.
         | 
         | It reminds me of an interview many years ago with Jim Rose, who
         | put on a traveling sideshow circus. There were no tricks -- the
         | performs just did strange, painful things for entertainment.
         | One of his routines was his wife would throw darts, using
         | Rose's back as the dartboard. The interviewer asked, "Do you
         | practice this?" He replied something like, "Hell no! It hurts!
         | I did it once to see if I could do it, but after that I only do
         | it for the show, where I get paid!"
        
       | qoez wrote:
       | One perspective is that meditation and stoicism helps silence
       | guilt about being so properous in an unequal society.
        
         | bko wrote:
         | Why should one feel guilt about being prosperous in an unequal
         | society? Even if you accept that it's based entirely on luck
         | rather than merits, I don't see why you should feel guilt.
         | 
         | A few examples of things based entirely on luck that no one
         | really argues we should feel guilty about:
         | 
         | Being tall
         | 
         | Having high innate level of intelligence
         | 
         | Athletic
         | 
         | Physical beauty
        
           | Palomides wrote:
           | height isn't fungible
           | 
           | even if acquiring wealth is random, retaining wealth means
           | choosing not to see and positively act on the state of the
           | world
        
             | wallawe wrote:
             | > retaining wealth means choosing not to see and positively
             | act on the state of the world
             | 
             | This is just silly. Just because you retain wealth doesn't
             | mean you aren't positively acting to improve the current
             | state of the world.
        
               | Palomides wrote:
               | every dollar kept is a choice not to effect one dollar of
               | change
        
           | mjburgess wrote:
           | Because you're a social animal in a social world, whose
           | social action creates and modifies that world.
           | 
           | Since you are a body, in an environment, with a psychology --
           | your actions have an effect upon the world.
           | 
           | The invitation to dissociate and mute your social emotions is
           | an invitation to keep everything as-it-is.
        
             | haswell wrote:
             | This is not an invitation to mute your emotions.
             | 
             | This is questioning why someone _should_ feel a particular
             | emotion.
             | 
             | > _is an invitation to keep everything as-it-is._
             | 
             | I don't need to feel personal guilt about something outside
             | of my control in order to 1) recognize problems in the
             | world, 2) want the factors causing those problems to
             | change, and 3) actively work to change them.
             | 
             | And for many people, feeling guilt - especially for things
             | outside of their control - is absolutely paralyzing and
             | leads to the opposite of action.
        
               | mjburgess wrote:
               | I mean I'm more responding to Marcus Aurellius and other
               | formalisations of historical stoicism, than the pretty
               | widely understood idea that "somethings are important,
               | some arent" and "care most about what you can change, and
               | least about what you cant"
               | 
               | These sort of bits of old wisdom also come in their
               | opposites ("you never know when something is important",
               | "your passions can define your life, and create
               | opportunities") etc.
               | 
               | So I'm taking stoicism as a particular prioritising of
               | those "bits of old wisdom" that combine together in
               | relevant historical texts, and add up, in my view, to
               | being quite radically dissociative.
               | 
               | Stoicism doesnt own, "keep calm under fire"
        
               | antisthenes wrote:
               | > These sort of bits of old wisdom also come in their
               | opposites ("you never know when something is important",
               | "your passions can define your life, and create
               | opportunities") etc.
               | 
               | But they don't. They're typically not used in such a way,
               | because they're nonsense.
               | 
               | > you never know when something is important
               | 
               | This is just resigning yourself to ignorance and chance.
               | It's an unfalsifiable truism, because you can point to
               | instances where it was true (survivor bias) and say you
               | applied this bit of wisdom, whereas in reality it was
               | just chance.
               | 
               | > your passions can define your life, and create
               | opportunities
               | 
               | Sure, that's one of the possibilities. But it's not
               | wisdom. It's another random truism out of a horoscope
               | that may or may not end up being true.
               | 
               | > Stoicism doesnt own, "keep calm under fire"
               | 
               | A philosophy doesn't need to own anything for it to be
               | valid. One of its principles can be used by other
               | philosophies. What a weird thing to write.
        
               | mjburgess wrote:
               | You're agreeing with me. Those are all my views.
        
             | bko wrote:
             | So if I'm fortunate and blessed with wealth, I should feel
             | guilty and be vocal about my guilt. So I make my life worse
             | off and that of the people around me. People with heavy
             | burden of guilt are often insufferable. And this will
             | somehow make the world better off?
             | 
             | Notice these people making these arguments never argue for
             | voluntary charitable giving which is actually encouraged by
             | stoic philosophy as is promoting justice.
             | 
             | But the most important thing to some people is the
             | signaling and guilt associated with any gift.
        
           | guerrilla wrote:
           | > I don't see why you should feel guilt.
           | 
           | You should feel guilty because you can do something about
           | other people's suffering, instead of being a greedy hoarder
           | who has far more than he could possibly use in multiple
           | lifetimes while other people starve and live miserable lives
           | due to the system you benefit from.
           | 
           | I think Peter Singer makes the argument very well [1] but
           | many others in the history of philosophy have done just as
           | good a job. Even Rawls is an option.
           | 
           | 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KVl5kMXz1vA&pp=ygUMcGV0ZXI
           | gc...
        
           | JoshTko wrote:
           | Almost universally prosperity is gained through privilege,
           | compounded over generations. Privilege being
           | rules/customs/systems that favored your group over others.
        
             | ryandrake wrote:
             | To be fair, the traits OP mentioned are heritable, and so
             | to a large extent come from the privilege of having [tall |
             | intelligence | athletic | beautiful] parents. So
             | _privilege_ doesn 't explain why you'd feel guilty about
             | one and not about the rest.
        
           | psychlops wrote:
           | I'm guilty of all your examples. It pains me so.
        
           | PaulHoule wrote:
           | All those things are somewhat socially determined. Even
           | height has gone up in the last century. Personally I think
           | I'm tall for somebody my age but I see a lot of young men who
           | are a lot taller than me.
           | 
           | To look at that last one, in the solar economy up until 1920
           | or so, the peak of beauty socially [1] was the debutante from
           | a rich or noble family. As soon as there were cities there
           | were entertainers and courtesans, but in the mass media age
           | the likes of Marie Antoinette just can't compete with
           | professionals.
           | 
           | Standards of athleticism also involve an element of
           | conformity. "Extreme sports" are frequently pioneered by
           | older athletes who have no chance of making the NFL draft but
           | get taken over by the young once a path is visible. (Early
           | winners of the World Series of Poker were outright old, but
           | it became a young man's game when it became mainstream in the
           | 2000s.)
           | 
           | Some societies have a use for people with high intelligence,
           | others don't.
           | 
           | [1] I'm sure there were beautiful peasants to my eye in Heian
           | Japan but the text that survive from that period describe a
           | very specific ideal including perfectly straight and rather
           | coarse black hair that's about as rigid as the look of the
           | kind of woman who, creepily, Instagram wants me to follow
           | today.
        
           | LatteLazy wrote:
           | A lot of people don't know that guilt is an emotion and like
           | all emotions needs to be managed. They feel it, assume it's
           | appropriate and then seek a cause that fits.
           | 
           | Sorry if this sounds dismissive, it's not meant to be. But I
           | think it is the cold hard reason for a lot of feeling/stress
           | among people who have otherwise nice lives with no explicit
           | moral failings...
        
           | smallnix wrote:
           | > Why should one feel guilt about being prosperous in an
           | unequal society?
           | 
           | I can understand the idea of feeling guilty about wasted
           | potential (wealth, time, strength, beauty, intelligence).
           | That which could be used to help those who need help, not
           | exactly novel: "If you have two coats, give one away"
        
           | bigstrat2003 wrote:
           | You shouldn't. First, I reject the framing that one's success
           | today is due to privilege. But even if that were true (and it
           | isn't), so what? What previous generations did has nothing
           | whatsoever to do with me, morally speaking. I'm responsible
           | for my own actions alone; this collective guilt line of
           | thinking some people follow is nonsense.
        
           | nkassis wrote:
           | The guilt isn't due to the simple fact of being prosperous
           | it's more about the prioritization of self-interest over that
           | of a win-win option that helps the broader good.
        
             | bko wrote:
             | I don't follow. If you're prosperous due to no reason of
             | your own (eg rich parents, lottery, etc), you didn't
             | prioritize self interest
             | 
             | If it is self made you presumably made it by creating value
             | for others, otherwise why would anyone pay you?
        
           | lo_zamoyski wrote:
           | "Luck" is the wrong word w.r.t. your examples. It could not
           | have been otherwise, as you are those features. You wouldn't
           | be you if you didn't. There's no ghost in the machine that is
           | the "real you" that is haunting a carcass where these
           | features are like possessions that you _own_. You don 't own
           | them. They _are_ (a part) of who and what you are. They are
           | things you can, in the appropriate manner, share with others.
           | 
           | You didn't earn them, but so what? Why is everyone obsessed
           | with everything having to be earned? A gift also belongs to
           | me, even if I didn't do anything to earn it, and no one is
           | entitled to take it from me as such any more than they can
           | take anything I have earned.
           | 
           | Now, w.r.t. material prosperity, of course there is no reason
           | to feel guilt. If you acquired your wealth morally, then all
           | is well. This is distinct from the general obligation of
           | those in our society with means that exceed their own needs
           | to aid those in a state of poverty. Note that I said poverty,
           | not having _less_. Having less is not an injustice.
           | 
           | The framing of inequality as injustice in recently years is
           | rather a symptom of envy or confusion rather than an impulse
           | coming from an intelligent sensitivity to injustice.
        
           | 9dev wrote:
           | The problem is that the things you identified as being based
           | on luck have cascading second-order effects. For example,
           | people that are perceived as handsome have better chances in
           | wage negotiations, and the same goes for people with a
           | lighter skin tone. The most strongly connected trait to being
           | financially successful: being born in a rich and educated
           | family.
           | 
           | These things are outside your control, but entirely in
           | control of a society.
        
           | rqtwteye wrote:
           | Guilty may be the wrong word but you should be aware that you
           | got lucky. Like a lot of "self-made" men who got lucky and
           | then tell others that they could achieve the same if only
           | they worked as hard.
           | 
           | I hate articles "I did X and so can you". No, people often
           | can't do what you did.
        
         | lo_zamoyski wrote:
         | Inequality is not bad, so we should stop speaking of inequality
         | as if it were. There is nothing to be guilty about for having
         | more that is acquired or received by licit and moral means.
         | Indeed, the obsession with equality is often itself rooted in
         | envy. The envious have an obvious reason to feel guilty, as
         | envy is evil (whether overt, such as when we try to take what
         | others have, or concealed, such as when we deny the good of
         | something or play the game of sour grapes).
         | 
         | However, a society does have an obligation to respond to
         | poverty (poverty in the true sense, not "I can't afford an
         | iPhone"). Those with more than they need (and this is subject
         | to prudential judgement) have more means to contribute toward
         | this end.
        
         | accrual wrote:
         | They're useful practices in general
        
       | mjburgess wrote:
       | It's no accident that a roman emperor (tyrant, mass murderer, and
       | courtier) is the premier famous stoic. Nor is it an accident that
       | the next most famous case is that of British empire public
       | schooling, british "stiff upper lip" stocisim.
       | 
       | (EDIT: Marcus Aurelius) himself was no stoic philosopher, he
       | merely wrote diaries to himself in his late days -- diaries he
       | wanted burned, not published. And these were rehresals of what
       | his stoic teachers had taught him while he was being raised into
       | the roman aristocracy. Without this context, its very easy to
       | misread his diaries in the manner of some religious text, cherry
       | picking "whatever sounds nice".
       | 
       | Its clear, under this view, how bitter and resentful many of
       | these reflections were. He retreated to his diaries to "practice
       | stoical thoughts" on those occasions where he was emotionally
       | distributed. They are, mostly, rants. Rants against the court
       | (eg., ignore the schemes of others, etc.); rants against the
       | public (no matter if one is whipped, beaten, etc.); rants against
       | how his prestige means little as a leader. Stocism here serves as
       | a recipie to smooth one's injuries faced as a member of the
       | elite, surrounded by vipers and with meaningless prestige.
       | 
       | Stoicism, under this light, is training for a ruthless sort of
       | leadership. From the pov of The Leader, all adoration is fake,
       | all prestige, and status. Your job is to pretend it matters
       | because it matters to your followers. It's a deeply hollow,
       | dissociative, nihilistic philosophy which dresses up the status
       | quo as "God's plan" -- a rationalization of interest to the elite
       | above all others.
        
         | lonestar wrote:
         | I believe you mean Marcus Aurelius
        
           | mjburgess wrote:
           | I have read his diaries, though carelessly writing Mark
           | Antony over Marcus Aurelius does undermine the point. --
           | Thanks, edited. I guess one shouldnt write HN comments while
           | listening to corporate policy announcements.
        
             | SketchySeaBeast wrote:
             | We all do what must to keep sane.
        
         | sentimentscan wrote:
         | Interesting, can you provide more sources, about the dictators
         | and stoicism, also Marcus Aurelius was he a tyrant, mass
         | murderer, and courtier?
        
           | shagie wrote:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Aurelius
           | 
           | > He was a member of the Nerva-Antonine dynasty, the last of
           | the rulers later known as the Five Good Emperors and the last
           | emperor of the Pax Romana, an age of relative peace, calm,
           | and stability for the Roman Empire lasting from 27 BC to 180
           | AD. He served as Roman consul in 140, 145, and 161.
           | 
           | > ...
           | 
           | > The historian Herodian wrote:
           | 
           | > Alone of the emperors, he gave proof of his learning not by
           | mere words or knowledge of philosophical doctrines but by his
           | blameless character and temperate way of life.
           | 
           | > ...
           | 
           | > The number and severity of persecutions of Christians in
           | various locations of the empire seemingly increased during
           | the reign of Marcus Aurelius. The extent to which the emperor
           | himself directed, encouraged, or was aware of these
           | persecutions is unclear and much debated by historians. The
           | early Christian apologist Justin Martyr includes within his
           | First Apology (written between 140 and 150) a letter from
           | Marcus Aurelius to the Roman Senate (prior to his reign)
           | describing a battlefield incident in which Marcus believed
           | Christian prayer had saved his army from thirst when "water
           | poured from heaven" after which, "immediately we recognized
           | the presence of God." Marcus goes on to request the Senate
           | desist from earlier courses of Christian persecution by Rome.
           | 
           | ----
           | 
           | He was considered to be a good emperor.
        
             | biomcgary wrote:
             | Marcus Aurelius was the last of the Five Good Emperors
             | because he did not adopt a competent, non-biological son to
             | take his place like the previous four. Instead, he set up
             | Commodus as Caesar and his heir, despite his mental
             | instability. That decision alone calls into question his
             | Stoic resolve.
        
               | nindalf wrote:
               | True, the other Good Emperors - Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian,
               | Antoninus Pius didn't set up their children as their
               | successors. They each adopted someone who would be good
               | at the job. But there was one difference between them and
               | Marcus Aurelius - none of them had biological sons. Their
               | adopted son would be their only heir.
               | 
               | Marcus Aurelius' decision can be criticised in hindsight
               | because Commodus was terrible at his job. But I'm not
               | sure I could have done differently in Marcus' shoes.
               | Parents find it difficult to view their children
               | objectively and feel the need to protect them. Even if he
               | was aware of Commodus' faults he also knew this - if he
               | adopted someone else and crowned him Emperor, then it
               | would have led to civil war after his own death. Either
               | Commodus and his other sons would kill the adopted son or
               | vice versa. Having all of them alive and at large would
               | be an unstable equilibrium that could only be solved with
               | war.
               | 
               | Come on man, this guy ran an Empire pretty well for a
               | couple of decades despite challenges like war and plague.
               | Maybe he knew what he was doing. Give him the benefit of
               | the doubt.
        
           | mjburgess wrote:
           | There's a lot in just the wikipedia article:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Aurelius
           | 
           | But be aware that most writings about him are roman, and
           | hence state propaganda which glorify his actions. In order to
           | see more clearly what his actions were, just imagine being
           | their victim. He perpetrated a genocide against Germanic
           | tribes in retribution.
           | 
           | It's very hard to be a morally good roman emperor -- you can
           | be seen as good by either the plebs or the elite of roman
           | society, but not by nearly anyone else, and almost never by
           | both even in rome.
           | 
           | I don't think its any accident the elite of concequering
           | empires adopted this mentality. Though, no doubt, there were
           | originally honest/moral/good stoic-philosophers they did
           | create a kind of "retreat from the world dissociation" which
           | isn't in my view, itself good. It's therapeutic in some
           | situations, typically in cases of grief/loss/extreme-
           | attachement --- but outside of these cases, you want to
           | associate and attach.
           | 
           | Perhaps there's some case for a little stocisim in the face
           | of social media today, or in the kinds of "adversarial
           | environments" which exploit your attachment -- such as
           | leading an empire (cf. Machiavelli: leaders have to be
           | rutheless). There's possibly an argument that twitter turns
           | everyone into a viperous courterier looking to attack each
           | other's reputation and attachemnt-bait.
        
             | mdiesel wrote:
             | On the scale of leaders: not being needlessly cruel, trying
             | to consider the impacts of policies beyond the immediate,
             | and dedicating your days to ruling rather than enjoying
             | whatever pleasure you pick makes him one of the "good"
             | ones. Maybe that's a low bar, but even today not all
             | leaders clear it and certainly we can compare to Commodus
             | who came immediately after and the sources for which are
             | similarly patchy, to compare.
        
               | mjburgess wrote:
               | > not being needlessly cruel
               | 
               | To whom?
        
           | nradov wrote:
           | Pretty much all Roman emperors would be considered tyrants
           | and mass murderers by the standards of modern western liberal
           | democracies. Marcus Aurelius was a product of his time and
           | hardly a hero to emulate. But despite their flaws we can
           | learn some universal lessons from their surviving writings
           | that still apply to modern life -- including at least some
           | elements of stoicism.
        
             | goatlover wrote:
             | Modern western liberal democracies aren't without faults
             | either. They've been involved in a few conflicts
             | themselves, like Iraq and Israel/Palestine (whatever your
             | view the situation is an ongoing mess not really helped by
             | foreign influence). Or propping up illiberal rulers.
             | There's the values liberal democracies espouse, and then
             | there are the geopolitical realities of how they act.
        
         | skwee357 wrote:
         | My guess why Aurelius is considered as the face of stoicism is
         | due to the fact he was an emperor/powerful man. I doubt that
         | the twisted way in which stoicism is viewed today would benefit
         | from selling it as a philosophy of Zeno, who was a foreigner.
         | 
         | What I mean by that is that stoicism in its modern iteration
         | seems a brosphere/manosphere thing that will help you to become
         | rich/powerful/successful/buy a lambo, while in reality, the
         | stoics rejected material possessions and the entire philosophy
         | was created by Zeno who lived an ascetic life, despite being
         | wealthy.
        
           | billfruit wrote:
           | If you read Bertrand Russell's History of Western Philosophy,
           | he takes rather dim view of Marcus Aurelius, and specifically
           | doubts the seriousness of his writings and ideas, considering
           | them somewhat dubious.
        
             | lo_zamoyski wrote:
             | Russell himself makes false and dubious claims in that book
             | (for example, claims about Aristotle/Aristotelianism, which
             | he hated). I don't regard him to be an especially reliable
             | or objective expositor of philosophy or philosophical
             | history, generally speaking.
        
           | codexb wrote:
           | I think it's just one of the few therapeutic skills that are
           | generally offered to men and that genuinely considers the
           | problems that men face.
           | 
           | The problems and issues that men face are largely ignored or
           | downplayed compared with women and there's little offered to
           | men in dealing with it. The traditional outlets like men-only
           | clubs and spaces have been torn down in the name of equality.
           | In that environment, literally anything at all that attempts
           | to address the problems men face will become popular among
           | men.
        
             | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
             | I see nothing in Stoicism that has anything to do with
             | gender (or sex) whatsoever.
             | 
             | The fact that a particular demographic in the 21st century
             | has declared some affinity for it doesn't change that in
             | any way.
        
               | bigstrat2003 wrote:
               | You're right but the parent poster was responding to the
               | question of why Stoicism is so popular with men in the
               | modern era. He didn't say it was inherent to the
               | philosophy.
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | Well, for that specific question, I'd skip all the bro-
               | nonsense and just note that Stoicism is at least
               | superficially quite like the implicit life philosophy
               | that many men acquire from their families and the
               | culture, but organizes that into something more coherent
               | and with a fairly long past. It provides a positive
               | explanation of why something vaguely close to what you
               | already do could be a good thing. The appeal of that
               | seems fairly obvious to me.
               | 
               | Note that I don't seek to demean or reduce Stoicism to
               | "what men do anyway". It is a much more carefully thought
               | out philosophy of life than that would imply, and
               | contains far more insight and potential than "keep doing
               | what you already do". But the fact that it is somewhat
               | adjacent to the pop-stoicism associated with masculinity
               | doesn't hurt its accessibility.
        
             | skwee357 wrote:
             | Stoicism has nothing to do with men. It's not a male-
             | exclusive philosophy. It's just a way to cope with life and
             | the struggles in life. Stoicism is just being weaponized,
             | often by misinterpretation, by "male-clubs".
             | 
             | It kind of became like a cult. "You need to be a Stoic in
             | order to be successful". It's the same story all over, and
             | a similar thing happens with every -ism, like minimalism
             | where it transformed from being a philosophy of being happy
             | with the things you have, into a philosophy where you need
             | to identify yourself as minimalist by buying a bunch of
             | crap that is labeled as "minimalist [whatever]".
        
             | rustyminnow wrote:
             | > one of the few therapeutic skills that are generally
             | offered to men and that genuinely considers the problems
             | that men face.
             | 
             | These things are not OFFERED to men, they are available for
             | the taking if one is so inclined. Your options do not
             | depend on your gender, but many will reject them as if they
             | do. Therapy? It's not just for sissies. If men are so
             | tough, why do they need society to OFFER solutions to their
             | problems?
        
         | EGreg wrote:
         | Let's just be clear. It's not just that a roman emperor is the
         | premier famous stoic.
         | 
         | It's also that the Romans were instrumental in setting up
         | Christianity and Judaism as exportable religions, after they
         | completely destroyed Jerusalem in the Judaic wars.
         | 
         | https://www.mayimachronim.com/the-caesar-who-saved-judaism/
         | 
         | Marcus Aurelius was very close with Judah ha Nasi (the Prince)
         | and the Gamaliel family. Subsequent Roman emperors also helped
         | boost the churches and make Christianity a religion that wasn't
         | just for Jews.
         | 
         | Judaism and Christianity were based in Jerusalem. Afterwards,
         | Judaism was based in Babylon (really old schools that had been
         | established during the first exile of Jews, survived and became
         | primary). Meanwhile, Christianity moved to Rome (which became
         | primary over the main church in Jerusalem). It grew there until
         | Constantine made it the official state religion 300 years
         | later.
         | 
         | The Judaic wars is probably the reason why Jesus' own direct
         | students and the Church he set up in Jerusalem (with his
         | brother James and "Peter" as the "Rock on which the Church
         | would be built" and also the "Apostle to the Gentiles") were
         | marginalized (probably regarded as ebionites / judaizers).
         | 
         | Then Paul became the main "Apostle to the Gentiles" instead,
         | even though he himself admits he never learned from Jesus'
         | students, but argued with them instead (including Peter). He
         | has a chip on his shoulder about these "super-apostles". In
         | Acts 15 and 21, Paul is admonished by them and seems to relent,
         | being given an official letter to distribute to gentile
         | churches. But in his Galatians letter he claims that they added
         | nothing to his message, except to remember the poor, something
         | he was going to do anyway. Thomas Jefferson called Paul the
         | "great corruptor of Christianity". Most of the New Testament is
         | based on writings of Paul and his student Luke.
         | 
         | So in fact, Roman emperors picked and chose winners in the
         | global religions that became Orthodox Judaism and Christianity.
        
           | michaelsbradley wrote:
           | Constantine gave Christians reprieve from persecution in 313
           | with the Edict of Milan.
           | 
           | In 380 it was Theodosius who made Christianity the state
           | religion with the Edict of Thessalonica.
           | 
           | Negative assessment of Paul's influence on the development of
           | Christianity predates Jefferson by many centuries, e.g. in
           | the writings of [?]Abd al-Jabbar and Ibn Hazm. Muhammad
           | himself believed that Christians had diverged from the truth
           | about Jesus' identity and teachings, though he didn't
           | criticize Paul specifically as far as I'm aware.
           | 
           | It's something of a theme, really, that shows up, seemingly
           | independently, in the writings of those who "want" the core
           | teachings of Jesus but are determined to identify an
           | irreformable corruption that invalidates orthodox
           | Christianity as such. Some identify that corruption with the
           | influence of Paul, others find their smoking guns within the
           | pre Nicene church, or post Nicene, and so on.
        
           | goatlover wrote:
           | According to Paul's letters, the main disagreement Paul had
           | was over whether Gentiles should become Jewish converts,
           | including being circumcised, instead of just being God-
           | fearers, a category already recognized in Judaism as long as
           | they abided the Noahide covenant. Paul didn't think becoming
           | Jewish mattered, because Jesus would return soon and
           | everything would be transformed, including those in Christ.
           | 
           | There isn't any indication as to whether James, Peter, John
           | (the Three Pillars in Jerusalem) disagreed with Paul over his
           | Christology or eschatological expectations (Jesus was
           | probably an apocalyptic prophet like John the Baptist). Paul
           | says Jesus first appeared to them, so they likely began
           | believing God had raised him to heaven before Paul. Paul says
           | he persecuted their movement at first, likely because he
           | found it offensive. A risen crucified messiah would be
           | offensive to a Pharisee.
           | 
           | Paul further says they had their gospel (literally good news)
           | for Jews and he was sent to Gentiles, but again there isn't
           | any indication over whether there were substantive
           | disagreements beyond whether Gentiles needed to become
           | Jewish. That and some people clearly questioned Paul's claim
           | to apostleship, particularly in relationship to other
           | apostles, especially in Jerusalem.
           | 
           | What developed after the destruction of the Temple with the
           | proto-orthodox, Ebionites and Gnostic Christianity is not
           | necessarily a reflection of Paul's conflict. Those were
           | further developments.
        
         | andrewmutz wrote:
         | Your perceptions of stoicism are so detatched from mine, I have
         | to ask, what does stoicism mean to you? The wikipedia entry
         | describes it like this:
         | 
         | "The Stoics believed that the practice of virtue is enough to
         | achieve eudaimonia: a well-lived life. The Stoics identified
         | the path to achieving it with a life spent practicing the four
         | cardinal virtues in everyday life -- prudence, fortitude,
         | temperance, and justice -- as well as living in accordance with
         | nature"
         | 
         | Which seems pretty close to how I understand it, and it seems a
         | pretty reasonably approach to life.
         | 
         | But this wikipeida version seems very far from your description
         | of "a deeply hollow, dissociative, nihilistic philosophy which
         | dresses up the status quo as 'God's plan' -- a rationalization
         | of interest to the elite above all others."
        
           | mjburgess wrote:
           | > prudence, fortitude, temperance, and justice
           | 
           | I adopt rather the opposite virutes. Imprudence, risk,
           | throwing-your-self-at-a-wall-until-you-cant, intemperance
           | (conflict, debate, disagreement, competition) and pragmatism
           | (address what is rather than what should be).
           | 
           | Behind each of the stoic virutues is a psychological position
           | to dettach, dissociate and live in a more abstracted
           | conceptual space. This can be theraputic if you are in grief,
           | etc.
           | 
           | Outside of that, personally I think: attach too much, risk
           | more than you ought, and participate in the world ("dirty
           | your hands") by making the best of it, rather than anything
           | more abstract.
           | 
           | Professors of stocism like to make a virute of dying quiety
           | -- this i think absurd. If the plane is falling from the sky,
           | i envy the people screaming -- they have the right levels of
           | attachemnt to their own lives.
        
             | dmichulke wrote:
             | > If the plane is falling from the sky, i envy the people
             | screaming -- they have the right levels of attachemnt to
             | their own lives.
             | 
             | Are you saying that happier people scream more (shortly
             | before dying)?
        
               | mjburgess wrote:
               | Happiness is only one meta-value, and at the level of
               | "what the right meta" is, I'm somewhere between a
               | nihilist and an aristotleian-sort-of-biologist:
               | 
               | I only think that the people who are screaming when they
               | are about to die are living like a healthy animal. And in
               | the absence of any objective meta-values, it kinda seems
               | like we might well just be what we are.
               | 
               | Denying's one's instincts is an interesting exercise, and
               | no doubt improves self-control -- but it isnt "above
               | being an animal" -- its, at best, a different way of
               | being an animal. One I think, taken to a stocial extreme,
               | seems an injury.
               | 
               | People who readily accept death (as, no doubt, I do) seem
               | injured, and trying to get to this state seems like a
               | kind of self-injury to me -- a means of poking out the
               | eye because the brain doesnt like what it sees.
               | 
               | People screaming when a plane is crashing seem to have
               | their eyes open.
        
               | andoando wrote:
               | I think what youd ultimately agree with is that it's
               | healthy to be aligned with your emotional, instinctual
               | reactions.
               | 
               | Though I am not totally sure one cannot fully accept snd
               | fully align their being with the absurdity of life -
               | celebrating their life/death rather than wallowing in it.
        
               | volkl48 wrote:
               | A crashing plane has roughly two possibilities, screaming
               | wildly seems like the least useful and least pleasant
               | option for either:
               | 
               | - You are going down in a way that might be survivable -
               | If you want to live, you want to shut up and prepare
               | yourself and your peers as best you can. If you're
               | completely prepared and have time to kill, see below as
               | long as it doesn't impair being ready when the time
               | comes.
               | 
               | - You are going down in a way that obviously isn't going
               | to be survivable - Your remaining lifespan has been
               | suddenly reduced to minutes or seconds and there's no
               | solving it. The only choice you have left is how to spend
               | that time. Accepting the hand you've been dealt quickly
               | and doing the best you can with the choices available to
               | you rather than panicking or raging about things out of
               | your control, is....sensible. Taking a last view of the
               | world out the window, listening to a favorite song, a
               | conversation with a loved one or even a stranger, etc,
               | all seem like far more satisfying ways to spend your
               | final moments than screaming like it's going to do
               | anything.
               | 
               | > I only think that the people who are screaming when
               | they are about to die are living like a healthy animal.
               | 
               | I'm not much of a biologist, but there seem to be plenty
               | of animals, especially more intelligent ones, that pretty
               | much calm down and await death when they recognize they
               | are not long for the world for reasons they can't control
               | and have no hope of escaping. (age, illness, etc).
        
             | andrewmutz wrote:
             | That's all great and it sounds like stoicism isn't for you.
             | But that doesn't mean that it's "a deeply hollow,
             | dissociative, nihilistic philosophy which dresses up the
             | status quo as 'God's plan' -- a rationalization of interest
             | to the elite above all others."
             | 
             | Virtues like prudence, fortitude, temperance, and justice
             | can improve the lives of people of any part of society, not
             | just the elites.
        
               | andoando wrote:
               | I was a staunch Stoic, and a hollow disassociative mess
               | is exactly what I became.
               | 
               | Think of the end goal of the Stoic and what it takes to
               | achieve it. At every misfortune, you rationalize and deny
               | your natural emotions. If you do it well, you're an all
               | understanding guru of life, sharing oneness with
               | everything, and becoming nothing in particular.
               | 
               | We have to accept that we too are a part of nature and
               | flawed imperfect beings who can be unreasonable, hate
               | unnecessarily, be selfish without ultimate good reason,
               | etc. It makes us the individuals that we are, and gives
               | us the will to care and have something we intrinsically
               | want to live for.
        
               | freedomben wrote:
               | These are genuine questions, but please don't feel
               | obligated to answer if you aren't comfortable. I'm
               | fascinated to hear your story though.
               | 
               | Are you generally a pretty gung-ho person? Do you feel
               | drawn to strive toward perfection?
               | 
               | Were you or are you previously religious with
               | Christianity, Islam, or other world religion?
               | 
               | Do you view stoicism as an all-or-nothing thing? I.e. do
               | you think a person applying stoicism in a light-weight or
               | even casual manner is useful, or would you still
               | recommend avoiding it?
        
               | andoando wrote:
               | Growing up I was a pretty reserved, depressed kid.
               | Culturally Christian background but I was a pretty
               | staunch agnostic. I am not a perfectionist when it comes
               | to work, but I did always strive to be as rational as I
               | could in how I approached life. It was very much
               | naturally my coping mechanism.
               | 
               | If faced with being wronged, "They're just a biological
               | machine, how could I be mad at a tree that grew the wrong
               | way?", personal failures, "I am just a biological
               | machine, this is just where I am at at the moment",
               | "Whats it matter what I accomplish? Were all dead in the
               | end anyway", faced with some accident, "Well something
               | was bound to happen at some point. Its nothing unexpected
               | that it happened now", a loss of love, "It happens to
               | everybody, things just didn't coincide".
               | 
               | Its all very calming, and can make you resilient to
               | what's going on, but I came to realize that what I am
               | really doing is disassociating from every aspect of my
               | life. Instead of feeling/processing my emotions, I was
               | simply just not caring about any of it. I read Nietzche's
               | Genealogy of Morals, and it was such a derailment from my
               | natural philosophy, and yet it felt he was saying
               | everything that I wanted personally. You're human, be
               | angry if you're angry, be sad if you're sad, do what you
               | want to be doing, have and enforce YOUR will for life.
               | 
               | Yes I agree this line of thinking is definitely needed
               | and can be extremely helpful to someone with the opposite
               | problems, but as with all things in life, its complicated
               | and in truth there is a fine balance that's always
               | difficult to know in advance.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | Do you have any idea why stoicism (and rationalism) gets
               | conflated with lack of passion and goals?
               | 
               | In my experience, both are tools to get what one wants,
               | but it seems like a lot of people miss out on the
               | instrumentality. Goal orientation is necessary to
               | determine when emotional repression is appropriate.
        
               | andoando wrote:
               | I suppose because people consider it as all encompassing
               | guiding philosophy for life.
               | 
               | At least to a philosopher, philosophy is the core basis
               | which all your thoughts, and consequently goals
               | originate.
               | 
               | I think it depends if were talking about "how to live"
               | versus "how to be successful and establish your business
               | this year"
        
               | somenameforme wrote:
               | Perhaps as a peer comment is alluding to, this issue
               | might simply be viewing things through an all-or-nothing
               | lens.
               | 
               | In some ways I think this is similar to Thomas Jefferson
               | and Christianity. He was drawn to the soundness of the
               | values of Christianity as a system of moral and ethical
               | behavior, but found the supernatural aspects of it
               | unbelievable, and words of third parties as less
               | relevant. So he simply cut them out and actually
               | literally cut and pasted his own 'Bible' together, the
               | Jefferson Bible. [1]
               | 
               | For self evident reasons he kept this as a personal
               | project, but that was essentially 'his' Christianity.
               | Beliefs and systems are what we make of them. Stoicism
               | may shape one, but we can also shape it back in return,
               | for otherwise it's certain to never truly fit.
               | 
               | [1] - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jefferson_Bible
        
               | andoando wrote:
               | That is totally fair, and I'd say what me and the other
               | commenter here are doing is precisely that, arguing that
               | Stoicism by itself, is not something to live by.
        
               | laserlight wrote:
               | > deny your natural emotions.
               | 
               | That is the opposite of Stoic practice. I have never
               | heard Stoics denying things. What does it mean to deny
               | things that happen? Emotions are not in one's control.
               | Whenever they come up, one would observe and act
               | according to Stoic virtues. If one has failed to observe,
               | then they reflect on the failure and intend to observe in
               | the future.
        
               | andoando wrote:
               | >Whenever they come up, one would observe and act
               | according to Stoic virtues.
               | 
               | I am talking about precisely this. If something happens
               | that angers you or makes you sad, you can always stop and
               | try to alter your natural reaction/thoughts to be more
               | aligned with a more forgiving/serene/understanding
               | nature.
               | 
               | What I am saying is if you do this really well,
               | everything in life just becomes "it just is", and in turn
               | becomes nothing at all
        
               | laserlight wrote:
               | > everything in life just becomes "it just is", and in
               | turn becomes nothing at all
               | 
               | I've found that this liberates me. If this is not aligned
               | with your values, though, I don't see anything wrong with
               | that.
        
               | andoando wrote:
               | It does and it did in a world where I can actually be
               | devoid and detatched from everything. But I got bored of
               | being alone and it makes it hard to connect with anyone
               | when youre living in your own world.
               | 
               | But I dunno sometimes I think all this thinking is
               | useless cause you never really know what caused what
        
             | surgical_fire wrote:
             | > Behind each of the stoic virutues is a psychological
             | position to dettach, dissociate and live in a more
             | abstracted conceptual space. This can be theraputic if you
             | are in grief, etc.
             | 
             | This is also great during the best of times. Happiness is
             | as ephemeral as grief. Accepting that in many ways the
             | vicissitudes of life are beyond your control is a positive
             | thing. Exercising temperance and prudence, among other
             | things, is far from being merely therapeutical.
             | 
             | > Outside of that, personally I think: attach too much,
             | risk more than you ought, and participate in the world
             | ("dirty your hands") by making the best of it, rather than
             | anything more abstract.
             | 
             | You are describing hell. I actively avoid in my life people
             | like that, for good reason.
        
             | s1artibartfast wrote:
             | Stoicism is a powerful tool to achieving long term
             | objectives that require planning, commitment, and control.
             | Not all objectives fall into this category.
             | 
             | What are your priorities? Would you consider yourself a
             | hedonist?
        
             | codexb wrote:
             | I think your last example demonstrates the value of
             | stoicism. In many cases, our untrained emotional response
             | to life prevents us from achieving more or enjoying life.
             | Instead of screaming, you could spend the time enjoying
             | your loved ones for as long as possible. You could try to
             | find a way to stop the plane from falling or work on
             | bracing yourself to survive the impact.
             | 
             | Stoicism is a realizing that many of our instinctual and
             | emotional and responses and actions do more harm than good.
             | It may _feel_ good to scream at someone we believe has
             | wronged us, but it doesn 't help them or us and doesn't
             | correct the perceived wrong.
        
               | mjburgess wrote:
               | I suspect that screaming at a person who has done you
               | wrong, in the vast majority of cases, has both the
               | intended effect and a desirable one.
               | 
               | If you are in an elite position of leadership, and
               | otherwise have more Machiavellian options, then you can
               | always try to calculate revenge instead -- or forgive
               | endlessly and be exploited.
               | 
               | I'd say in the majority of cases, for most adult people
               | with some life experience, shouting when you want to
               | shout is probably a healthy thing.
               | 
               | Though there are always cases of those who shout at the
               | wrong people (displaced agression), or have to little
               | life experience or no composure at all -- I dont think
               | these are any where near the majority of cases. It's very
               | rare. Though a perpetually (literally,) adolescent
               | internet might make it seem so.
               | 
               | Almost no one ever shouts at me, though I'm very
               | shoutable-at.
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | > I'd say in the majority of cases, for most adult people
               | with some life experience, shouting when you want to
               | shout is probably a healthy thing.
               | 
               | Sure, and that is totally fine.
               | 
               | But Stoic philosophy disagrees with that. Just as with
               | many other fundamental questions about how to live life,
               | there are different answers/points of view. You don't
               | agree with the Stoic one, and you even offer some reasons
               | why you think it may be harmful. That's entirely fine.
               | The only problem is in your implicit assumption that
               | Stoicism has failed to consider the perspective you have,
               | and if it did, Stoics would abandon their approach to
               | life. That's not true. While there may be Stoics whose
               | individual lives would be improved by adopting your
               | approach, Stoicism as a philosophy is not blind to the
               | perspective you're offering. It just rejects it.
        
               | mjburgess wrote:
               | I agree. But you'll note one of my professed virtues is
               | conflict, so I'm "participating in the world" by
               | expressing a social emotion (contempt) towards a value
               | system I disagree with in order to change the social
               | environment. This makes me a political animal.
               | 
               | This is why I express my view in this way. If I wanted to
               | be a stoic, or nearly equivalently a contemporary
               | academic, I'd present some anemic "balanced view" in
               | which you've no idea what my attitude is.
               | 
               | But as I'm not a stoic, I take it to be important to
               | communicate my attitude as an act of social participation
               | in the creating-maintaining of social values. In other
               | words, I think on HN my contempt towards stocism itself
               | has value here, since it invites the person reflecting on
               | stocism to be less automatically respectful of it.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | It took me a while to to figure out why I find your
               | position so disgusting. I think a lot of people perceive
               | this contempt as intentional distortion, dishonest,
               | socially hostile.
               | 
               | I dont think we need more stoking of conflict and
               | contempt, but need more good faith and balanced
               | information sharing. I don't think your have correctly
               | modeled the effects of your approach.
        
               | mjburgess wrote:
               | The contents of people's replies (, votes) is a measure
               | of my effect, so post-facto, no modelling is required.
               | 
               | I'm clearly aware of the existence of people who want an
               | "objective (unemotive) presentation", and clearly aware
               | of what effect emoting has on those people. I haven't
               | failed to model it. On many issues I'm quick to suspend
               | this expression, and engage in a more dispassionate way
               | with a person who wants me to, if I see some value in it.
               | But I'm loathe to give up expressing my feelings, because
               | that is part of the purpose of expression.
               | 
               | I am only doing what you are here in this comment -- you
               | express your contempt in much more extreme terms
               | ("disgust") than I, in order that I may take your
               | feelings into account.
               | 
               | Likewise, when appraising stoicism, I think there's value
               | in others taking my feelings on the matter into account.
               | If only as a means of a kind of reflexive emotional
               | equilibrium modulated by surprise: there's too little
               | contempt towards stocisim in my view, and in its absense,
               | has grown a cult around figures like aurelius.
               | 
               | I've been to the cult meetings in which he is read in a
               | religious manner, cherrypicked and deliberately
               | misunderstood. I'm here out in the world you see,
               | participating -- and I wish to reflect that in my
               | thinking and feelings on the world.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | Im not opposed to expressing ones feelings, or advocating
               | for unemotive speech.
               | 
               | Im opposed intentionally seeking heightened conflict via
               | deceit and misrepresentation. It is the political
               | metagaming for effect and attention, an intentional
               | manipulation of the emotional equilibrium.
               | 
               | If you are a true believer in what you say, that is one
               | thing. If you are intentionally being hyperbolic,
               | overexpressing emotion, or omitting facts you know to be
               | true, then you are engaging in political rhetoric. This
               | is adversarial, not collaborative.
               | 
               | When the well is sufficiently poisoned, there is no point
               | in outside discourse, or even truth-seeking.
               | 
               | Rhetoric is a good way to make short term gains on a
               | topic, if you have an edge. Long term it is negative sum,
               | as your community falls apart.
               | 
               | I see that your sibling comment explains your position,
               | and was insightful. I have no problem with radical self
               | expression, or radical transparency. What I have a
               | problem with is placing conflict and effect above truth
               | and transparency. This is how I interpreted your comments
               | above.
        
               | svnt wrote:
               | I think you hit on it, but the total reason why is
               | slightly different, and the key is in its trigger of your
               | disgust mechanism:
               | 
               | Conflict does not need philosophical reinforcement
               | because it is a major biological default. Using our
               | higher abilities to reinforce these prerequisite (but not
               | higher/good) positions triggers disgust because it leads
               | to traumatic outcomes. That is why disgust exists: to
               | cause us to avoid actions that lead to traumatic
               | outcomes. Sometimes the arm of perception of our disgust
               | reaction reaches further than our comprehension.
        
               | mjburgess wrote:
               | I think cooperation is, by far, the most ordinary case.
               | Oppressive, normative, cooperation. This may not seems so
               | online, which is a very unusual environment -- but the
               | vast majority of people are conflict-avoidant.
               | 
               | You might say a war is conflict, but not really: the main
               | mechanisms of war are cooperation.
               | 
               | Very rarely are interpersonal situations prone to
               | disagreement.
               | 
               | The disgust here isn't about trauma, it's a healthy
               | narcissm: the guy doesn't want to be deceived and thinks
               | i'm being deceptive.
               | 
               | I don't think I'm being deceptive, because my heart is on
               | my sleeve -- if I were being deceptive, I'd present an
               | apparently objective analysis and give away little of my
               | apparent feelings on the matter (cf. seemingly all
               | mainstream news today).
               | 
               | I have a different ethic of transparency -- I want people
               | to be emotionally and intellectually transparent.
               | Pretending not to feel one way about an issue represses
               | itself in a manupulated intellectual presentation of the
               | matter -- the reader becomes mystified by the apparent
               | disinterest of the speaker.
               | 
               | If there's one thing I hate with a great passion its
               | false dispassion and intellectual manipulation. So I opt
               | for emotional honesty as part of the package.
        
               | svnt wrote:
               | I think your statement was compatible-with/implicit-in
               | mine: that conflict, being fundamental in some regimes
               | (as is cooperation) but also high-friction, does not need
               | philosophical reinforcement. If it is philosophical then
               | it is reasoned, and reasoned, whether deceptively so or
               | not, is higher function submitting to reinforcing older,
               | lower.
               | 
               | I don't disagree it is better to be emotionally
               | transparent in many cases, but there are many cases where
               | it isn't, and where personal emotional responses can be
               | counterproductive and/or misleading, producing their own
               | sets of suboptimal outcomes.
        
               | MichaelZuo wrote:
               | How does your opinion matter than the parent's opinion?
               | 
               | Even in an ideal scenario favorable to you it seems
               | impossible for it to lead anywhere, after mutually
               | negating each other, other than generating more noise on
               | the internet.
        
               | tome wrote:
               | > I think on HN my contempt towards stocism itself has
               | value here, since it invites the person reflecting on
               | stocism to be less automatically respectful of it.
               | 
               | In case it's helpful to you, I'll point out that your
               | effect on me was entirely the opposite. I'm not too
               | positively inclined to stoicism, and I feel the Epicurean
               | and Nietzschean critiques of it hold a lot of water.
               | However, the tone of your top-level post made me
               | instinctively defensive of the qualities of stoicism! I
               | think that's because I perceived the tone of your top-
               | level post as demonstrating something akin to what
               | Nietzsche called _ressentiment_.
        
               | mjburgess wrote:
               | That's one of the effects of being particular -- being a
               | particular person, with particular feelings -- the
               | effects are particular. That's part of the point, part of
               | the aim.
               | 
               | The received view of the tyrannical mass murderers of
               | rome is hagiography, if a few "on my side in the debate"
               | (or otherwise) think I'm being too harsh and want to
               | undermine that a little: great! I would myself do the
               | same if I heard myself speak, if my feelings on what was
               | being said were that it needed moderating.
               | 
               | This interplay I vastly prefer than trying to "be the
               | universal" myself -- disavow all felling, and suppose i
               | can in a disinterested way be unpartisan to a view. This
               | asks vastly too much of any individual, and is in the
               | larger part, extremely (self-) deceptive.
        
               | jajko wrote:
               | Not everybody is as emotional as you based on your
               | description, some of us naturally have more control over
               | our state of mind, emotions generally, and don't live so
               | reactively.
               | 
               | This allows us not only avoid those typical massive
               | mistakes in life (addictions, bad but attractive
               | partners, cheating, being miserable parents, generally
               | bad emotional big-consequence choices and so on) but also
               | steer us to more successful life paths than most of our
               | peers, whatever that may mean in each case.
               | 
               | Your system works for you and makes you happy and content
               | with your life and its direction? Great for you, but that
               | path is yours only, no need to broaden it to all
               | humanity.
        
               | svnt wrote:
               | If I can speculate: your perspective seems to be at least
               | a second, maybe third-order perspective, of someone in an
               | atypical environment surrounded by would-be stoics, who
               | are all participating in order to succeed in e.g. middle
               | management. This corporate stoicism produces suboptimal
               | product results because while stoicism is perhaps
               | necessary and valuable to hold a position, as you noted
               | it is fundamentally detached and dishonest.
               | 
               | But until someone lives in your version of the social
               | environment, they cannot see the relative value of a
               | return to "radical candor" and so you get rejections,
               | both from people behind you in their profession into
               | stoic corporatism and from those who make their living
               | from behaving in accord with it and believe they are
               | superior for it.
        
               | overgard wrote:
               | > I suspect that screaming at a person who has done you
               | wrong, in the vast majority of cases, has both the
               | intended effect and a desirable one.
               | 
               | Not usually. Just some examples:
               | 
               | Customer service people tend to be trained to de-escalate
               | and send things up a level. Sometimes they call it
               | "killing with kindness"; basically you repeat your stance
               | with a smile on your face until the person going wild
               | either calms down on their own or leaves. Either way, the
               | person yelling does not get what they want. On the other
               | hand, if you're charming to customer service people, a
               | lot of times they'll bend the rules for you if they can,
               | and if they can't -- well, you don't have to have on your
               | conscience: "ruined the day of someone making minimum
               | wage"
               | 
               | In long term relationships (say, work relationships or
               | family relationships) this sort of excessive emotionality
               | doesn't work either. In a job, you'll probably just get
               | fired, or if you're the boss, people will avoid telling
               | you things. Your family can't fire you, but they can set
               | a boundary and stop dealing with you.
               | 
               | Basically, what I'm trying to get across is that uncorked
               | rage is very rarely effective. It may work once or twice
               | but it's a bad overall strategy.
               | 
               | If you don't want to be exploited, a _controlled_ show of
               | mild anger is a lot more effective. People who are not in
               | control of their emotions can be easily exploited, but
               | those who are in control of their emotions are not. I
               | think you think there 's this axis of Rage-a-holic
               | <--------> Door-Mat, but the problem is both ends of
               | those axes have people that aren't in control of their
               | feelings. The door mat lacks control also, but in their
               | case it presents as withdrawing from the world.
               | 
               | > If you are in an elite position of leadership, and
               | otherwise have more Machiavellian options, then you can
               | always try to calculate revenge instead -- or forgive
               | endlessly and be exploited.
               | 
               | Yikes dude.
        
               | mjburgess wrote:
               | You're assuming that in most cases when people shout,
               | they're being excessive.
               | 
               | I don't think that's true, at least "per capita". Maybe
               | most shouting is done by the emotionally unstable, but
               | most people arent emotionally unstable (as adults).
               | 
               | If an adult were shouting at me, I'd be greatful of it. I
               | was slapped once, and I said thank you to the person who
               | slapped me -- it told me I was being careless.
               | 
               | For people who arent evilly trying to manipulate you,
               | like customer service -- expressing how you feel helps
               | others know how you feel. I am, in many cases, grateful
               | to know.
               | 
               | If I saw someone getting angry at a person in the
               | customer-service-way, my instinct as an adult with life
               | experience, is to treat that anger as symptomatic -- not
               | evil. This is the danger in saying you shouldnt get angy:
               | blaming the victim.
               | 
               | > Yikes dude
               | 
               | I wasnt endorsing that, I was saying, that's less healthy
               | than just being angry.
        
               | overgard wrote:
               | There's definitely a cultural aspect, but at least among
               | the people I tend to interact with, shouting is very much
               | a last resort.
               | 
               | If you're at the point where the only way to make your
               | point is by being louder than the other guy, then you're
               | really just winning on intimidation rather than
               | persuasiveness. If both people, or multiple people, are
               | shouting, is anyone actually listening? And if not,
               | what's the point of being so loud?
               | 
               | I see your example of being slapped and I mean, I guess
               | it's good that you took that act in a positive way, but,
               | to me if I'm being so closed off that I need to be
               | slapped, I really need to evaluate how I'm acting.
               | 
               | > I wasnt endorsing that, I was saying, that's less
               | healthy than just being angry.
               | 
               | Fair enough, I'm mostly saying yikes to the implied
               | spectrum of [ scary powerful sociopath bent on revenge
               | <------> complete doormat ]. I don't think anyone needs
               | to concoct weird revenge fantasies to be taken seriously
               | unless you work for the cartel or something, and in that
               | case I'd recommend a career change.
        
               | jabits wrote:
               | Well now it sounds like you are disagreeing for it's own
               | sake. There may be a name for what you describe, but it's
               | not what is commonly understood as Stoicism.
               | 
               | And in my many years, I have never found shouting at
               | another person to be a healthy thing.
        
             | zozbot234 wrote:
             | > Behind each of the stoic virutues is a psychological
             | position to dettach, dissociate and live in a more
             | abstracted conceptual space.
             | 
             | Many proponents of Stoicism would disagree with this in
             | rather strong terms, FWIW. If you go back to our earliest
             | sources, Stoicism seems to be very much about living in the
             | present moment and engaging with the world; it's just very
             | careful about avoiding dysfunctional behaviors and the
             | attitudes that would promote them.
             | 
             | The oft-referenced Stoic notion of avoiding the harmful
             | "passions" is not so much about becoming completely
             | detached from the world, and more about not _acting_
             | outwardly in ways that turn out to be materially bad or
             | dysfunctional. It 's just that achieving this is harder
             | than we might expect: the Stoics were well aware that our
             | acting-out is often driven by inner attitudes and stances
             | that can only be controlled effectively after quite a bit
             | of time and inward effort, and _complete_ control is more
             | of an abstract ideal than something readily achievable.
        
             | bigstrat2003 wrote:
             | > Professors of stocism like to make a virute of dying
             | quiety -- this i think absurd. If the plane is falling from
             | the sky, i envy the people screaming -- they have the right
             | levels of attachemnt to their own lives.
             | 
             | Not to sound flippant, but that strikes _me_ as absurd. You
             | don 't gain anything by that. You're going to be just as
             | dead, but with a lot of suffering in your final moments
             | that didn't need to happen. It's a pure negative thing, not
             | a virtue.
        
             | overgard wrote:
             | I'm guessing you're young. Those are all behaviors you can
             | get away with < 40 that catch up with you in a hurry.
        
             | trescenzi wrote:
             | This is a very interesting comment for me. I really dislike
             | your virtues but agree with everything else and your
             | general dislike of stoicism.
             | 
             | I think there might be a more middle way which doesn't
             | include impertinence, for example, as a value but still
             | celebrates screaming as your plane is falling from the sky.
             | 
             | The reason I dislike your values is because at face value
             | they imply a disregard for others. I think there is a way
             | to deeply value both yourself and others. It's possible you
             | don't imply that disregard for others that I get from the
             | values you listed though.
        
             | FredPret wrote:
             | Here's an interesting write-up on this. Nietzsche said
             | essentially the same as you:
             | 
             | https://theconversation.com/3-reasons-not-to-be-a-stoic-
             | but-...
        
             | exe34 wrote:
             | > they have the right levels of attachemnt to their own
             | lives.
             | 
             | they waste their last seconds on something that will not
             | make them feel better.
             | 
             | as a hypochondriac, last time I thought I was dying, I
             | thought about my loved ones and it helped me calm down.
        
             | goatlover wrote:
             | So you don't like Buddhism either. Question for you though,
             | if the opposite virtues are so much healthier, why did
             | practices like Stoicism and Buddhism develop to help people
             | cope with the difficult realities of life?
        
             | lukan wrote:
             | "If the plane is falling from the sky, i envy the people
             | screaming -- they have the right levels of attachemnt to
             | their own lives."
             | 
             | Instead of screaming, I would rather stoicly prepare and
             | brace myself for the impact of the rough landing. I might
             | die anyway, or I might survive because I managed to put the
             | seat belt on and hard things away from my torso and head.
             | But screaming will not increase my chances, rather the
             | opposite.
        
             | zx10rse wrote:
             | What you adopt are not virtues.
             | 
             | It is absurd in the face of death by plane falling from the
             | sky to not smile at it.
        
             | rayiner wrote:
             | Sounds like a recipe for mindless, incomplete people
             | creating dysfunctional societies.
        
             | ctrlp wrote:
             | You must be quite young to hold such beliefs. Whether you
             | approve of stoicism or not, we all will die one day.
             | Someone once said that to philosophize is to learn how to
             | die. I hope you don't spend the last moments of your life
             | screaming in anguish and fear.
        
             | jimkleiber wrote:
             | One of my favorite comments on HN. Thank you for this.
        
             | johnisgood wrote:
             | > Professors of stocism like to make a virute of dying
             | quiety -- this i think absurd. If the plane is falling from
             | the sky, i envy the people screaming -- they have the right
             | levels of attachemnt to their own lives.
             | 
             | Stoicism does not say that you should not have an
             | attachment to your life, i.e. will to live.
        
             | apex_sloth wrote:
             | There seems to be the notion in a lot of comments that
             | Stoicism is about acting against one's nature or
             | surpressing ones emotions.
             | 
             | For me, on the other hand, it was very freeing to encounter
             | Stoicism, because I felt like it was okay that I didn't
             | feel or react as strongly as people around me expected me
             | to.
        
             | sifar wrote:
             | >> Behind each of the stoic virutues is a psychological
             | position to dettach, dissociate and live in a more
             | abstracted conceptual space.
             | 
             | You and I have a very different understanding of stoicism.
             | Stoicism's concept of attachment is much more closer to a
             | Daoist/Buddhist one. They don't advocate renouncing the
             | world in fact the opposite - how to live fully. Just that
             | don't cling to things - especially the results as a lot of
             | factors that affect it are not under our control and when
             | things don't happen the way we were forcing them to happen,
             | resentment and anger follows. This can be applied to work,
             | relationship, parenting. It is quite practical.
             | 
             | It is fascinating that these two different cultures
             | developed similar philosophies around the same time in
             | history.
             | 
             | One needs to let go of the medieval/modern interpretation
             | of stoicism which creates such resentment and approach it
             | from a more eastern perspective.
        
           | throw0101c wrote:
           | > _prudence, fortitude, temperance, and justice_
           | 
           | So Aristotle then:
           | 
           | * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinal_virtues
        
           | Spooky23 wrote:
           | Philosophies are frameworks that help us make sense of the
           | world. We can adopt them in ways that are maladjusted.
           | 
           | People with power often adopt stoic thinking as the nature of
           | power comes with stresses that are difficult to manage. I've
           | wielded power at a scale that was nothing like a president or
           | ceo, but way beyond what the typical person experiences. It's
           | hard, and whatever you do, someone has a bad outcome in many
           | cases.
           | 
           | Most people would characterize Marcus Aurelius or George
           | Washington as wise rulers. They embraced stoicism. Yet
           | Mussolini and Robespierre also identified as stoic-ish as
           | well, and most people would objectively look at them with a
           | harsher light.
        
           | throw4847285 wrote:
           | I think a gap between wikipedia and a polemic by somebody
           | clearly fired up about a topic is not just reasonable, but
           | productive. Wikipedia, by nature, gives the sense that all
           | philosophical viewpoints are equally dispassionate and it
           | minimizes the degree to which reasonable people can
           | substantially disagree about the rightness or wrongness of
           | various worldviews. That usually gets dumped in the
           | Controversy section. This is fine for an encyclopedia, but
           | not for a debate.
           | 
           | Of course, I also think that OP is being polemical and that
           | means they're not interested in being charitable. I think
           | their criticisms are interesting, but the original post
           | linked here does a far better job at balancing a charitable
           | read of stoicism with a critique of why it is appealing to
           | the rich and powerful.
        
           | HillRat wrote:
           | Roman Stoicism, of the sort practiced by Marcus Aurelius or
           | Seneca, is vulnerable to charges of hypocrisy and tendentious
           | sanctimony; Seneca's insistence that virtue is detached from
           | worldly goods is somewhat undermined by his corrupt
           | exploitation of his station, for example. Stoicism _qua_
           | stoicism was, like all Roman intellectual pursuits,
           | originally Greek, and was based on an entire metaphysics of
           | free-will determinism that the Romans pretty much ignored in
           | favor of being able to pretend that they were upholding the
           | supposed virtues of an imagined past (a favored pastime, see
           | Tacitus and Cicero), even as they let their society slide
           | ever further into corruption and tyranny. To be honest,
           | Stoicism tells us a lot about the psychological and social
           | character of the Romans, but didn't really come into its own
           | as an influential philosophy until its early modern
           | rediscovery and the development of neo-Stoicist thought.
        
         | shagie wrote:
         | The next most famous stoic would then be Epictetus who
         | influenced Marcus Aurelius and is cited in the Meditations.
         | 
         | > Epictetus (/,epIk'ti:t@s/, EH-pick-TEE-t@ss; Ancient Greek:
         | Epiktetos, Epiktetos; c. 50 - c. 135 AD) was a Greek Stoic
         | philosopher. He was born into slavery at Hierapolis, Phrygia
         | (present-day Pamukkale, in western Turkey) and lived in Rome
         | until his banishment, when he went to Nicopolis in northwestern
         | Greece, where he spent the rest of his life.
         | 
         | > Epictetus studied Stoic philosophy under Musonius Rufus and
         | after manumission, his formal emancipation from slavery, he
         | began to teach philosophy. Subject to the banishment of all
         | philosophers from Rome by Emperor Domitian toward the end of
         | the first century, Epictetus founded a school of philosophy in
         | Nicopolis. Epictetus taught that philosophy is a way of life
         | and not simply a theoretical discipline. To Epictetus, all
         | external events are beyond our control; he argues that we
         | should accept whatever happens calmly and dispassionately.
         | However, he held that individuals are responsible for their own
         | actions, which they can examine and control through rigorous
         | self-discipline.
         | 
         | Stoicism was a philosophy that spanned slave to emperor in
         | Rome.
        
           | timeon wrote:
           | > Stoicism was a philosophy that spanned slave to emperor in
           | Rome.
           | 
           | As is addressed in the article.
        
         | broof wrote:
         | I have no idea how you can read his meditations and come away
         | with this conclusion. Where are you getting that "Your job is
         | to pretend it matters because it matters to your followers"
        
           | scantis wrote:
           | After it is written out it appears to be an inherent truth.
           | 
           | Seems to be a practitioner of stoism, to shift ones inner
           | outlook, non obvious takes are strong.
        
         | photonthug wrote:
         | Your take on this is wild to me, and while TFA as whole is
         | somewhat more balanced, I'm pretty surprised at this whole
         | train of thought. An emperor was a stoic, and so was a slave.
         | Epictetus is only mentioned twice in passing in the article,
         | but it does say that
         | 
         | > Some stoic authors were slaves themselves, like Epictetus
         | author of the beautiful stoic handbook Enchiridion, and many
         | stoic writings focus on providing therapies for armoring one's
         | inner self against such evils as physical pain, illness, losing
         | friends, disgrace, and exile.
         | 
         | Seems like people from all walks of life thought maybe it was a
         | useful point of view, and that it's universal because people
         | from all walks of life have their own suffering to deal with.
         | 
         | I get that in an inevitably political world that's increasingly
         | polarized, philosophy always becomes a sort of fashion show
         | where it's not about what's being worn but who is wearing it
         | lately. But this is really pretty silly. Stoicism predates
         | silicon valley and will still be around after it's gone, and
         | there is substance that goes far beyond "deeply hollow,
         | dissociative, nihilistic".
         | 
         | If it sounds that way to you, I assume maybe you are just in a
         | situation where you have someone that you kind of hate
         | preaching it at you.. in which case adding some distance makes
         | sense no matter what they are evangelizing. Quoting TFA again
         | 
         | > [stoicism] reminds me of the profession of wealth therapists
         | who help the uber-wealthy stop feeling guilty about spending
         | $2,000 on bed sheets or millions on a megayacht.
         | 
         | So there it is, that's what's really bothering the guy.
        
           | nindalf wrote:
           | I'm glad they wrote several more comments. The first comment
           | was intriguing, but the more the wrote the more wild it got.
           | Especially the part about being connected to life like a
           | person in a fall airplane.
           | 
           | I think they've mixed up Stoicism with some other philosophy
           | entirely. They think Stoicism means feeling nothing, doing
           | nothing. Almost like the Hindu concept of _sanyasi_.
        
         | overgard wrote:
         | I don't see how the fact that his most famous work is his diary
         | makes Marcus Aurelius _not_ a philosopher. Is there some magic
         | credential you need to be a philosopher? As far as I can tell,
         | philosophers come from all over the place; slaves, clergy,
         | clerks, etc. Since there wasn 't an institution to get his
         | philosophy degree in, I think we can give him a pass?
         | 
         | With regard to the other criticism that there are rough bits in
         | his not-intended-to-be-published diary and not all of it holds
         | up.. so what? You've never said something bitter and resentful
         | in private that you wouldn't want broadcast to the world? If
         | you have a diary, do you think it'd stand intense scrutiny 2000
         | years later? Being a stoic means embracing your imperfections,
         | so, the fact that Marcus Aurelius was an imperfect man tells us
         | nothing about stoicism.
         | 
         | FWIW Marcus Aurelius is considered one of the greatest (maybe
         | the greatest?) Roman Emperors ever, and he was plucked from
         | relative obscurity, so, while you can certainly criticize the
         | institution you're picking on someone that navigated that level
         | of power better than his peers.
        
           | philwelch wrote:
           | I don't know anyone who would say Marcus Aurelius was the
           | greatest emperor. He was the last of the "Five Good
           | Emperors", which correctly implies that he was the one who
           | dropped the ball on succession planning. He was a good
           | emperor aside from that, but even out of the Five Good
           | Emperors you could make a case for any of the other four
           | ahead of him. And none of those guys come close to Augustus,
           | Domitian, or Constantine.
           | 
           | That having been said, Marcus Aurelius was definitely one of
           | the better emperors. Leagues ahead of guys like Nero or
           | Caligula or Elagabalus or uh, Commodus (who was his son).
           | It's been said that the reign of Marcus Aurelius was the high
           | point of the Roman Empire as a whole, but that's a double
           | edged statement about the emperor himself.
        
         | lupusreal wrote:
         | In my personal life, work and home, I am surrounded by people
         | who are constantly in a state of distress, ranging from
         | frustration to simmering rage, about things which are
         | completely beyond their ability to change. I never see it do
         | them any good, nor cause any constructive change for society.
         | My personal understanding of stoicism is focus on changing the
         | things I can change, and not spend my time being miserable
         | about things I'm powerless to change. This gives me peace. My
         | younger brothers spend all day ranting about the state of
         | society, one from the right and the other from the left, and it
         | has never done either of them any good. They have twice as much
         | gray hair than me despite being years younger.
         | 
         | Then I go on the internet and read commentary like yours,
         | making stoicism out to be some sort of rich conspiracy against
         | the eternal revolution or something. I find this baffling. Of
         | all the things to get yourself worked up about, people choosing
         | a stoic mindset is definitely up there in fruitlessness.
         | Nothing you can tell me would ever convince me to adopt the
         | methods of my brothers, so what is the point of what you're
         | doing?
         | 
         | (I confess I've never read any Marcus Aurelius, it seems like
         | it would be very dry. Maybe I'm wrong, but my reading list is
         | already very long and philosophy all gets bumped far down the
         | list.)
        
           | brushfoot wrote:
           | I've read the Meditations -- in the Emperor's Handbook
           | translation -- and they're nothing like GP is making them out
           | to be.
           | 
           | In their original, unedited comment, they didn't even get
           | Marcus Aurelius's name right, attributing the Meditations to
           | Mark Antony.
           | 
           | Their take is such a wild and inaccurate mischaracterization
           | of Stoicism that it's frankly not worth engaging with --
           | written absentmindedly while "listening to corporate policy
           | announcements." Take it with a grain of salt.
        
           | freedomben wrote:
           | > _My personal understanding of stoicism is focus on changing
           | the things I can change, and not spend my time being
           | miserable about things I 'm powerless to change._
           | 
           | This is the overriding principle I've come away with as well,
           | and it has felt to me like one of the most simple and wise
           | things I've heard.
        
         | btilly wrote:
         | I have read _Meditations_ by Marcus Aurelius. Your description
         | of how bitter and resentful they are is utterly bizarre, and
         | bears no relation to the book that I read.
        
           | mjburgess wrote:
           | It would depend on the translation, and what you understood
           | him to be doing. One of the ones I read recently was
           | incredibly bastardized to seem more stoical, completely
           | removing in cases his own asides.
           | 
           | These are diaries he wanted burned -- they were just
           | exercises in writing for himself to clam himself down. He is
           | writing to _himself_.
           | 
           | Go back and read a few sections and ask: "what happened to
           | Marcus on this evening for him to go to his study and rebuke
           | himself with this lesson?"
           | 
           | There's clearly a lot of bitterness there, and depression.
           | 
           | Opening a translation at random, to a random book:
           | https://vreeman.com/meditations/#book10
           | 
           | > # 10.1 To my soul:
           | 
           | Are you ever going to achieve goodness? Ever going to be
           | simple, whole, and naked--as plain to see as the body that
           | contains you? Know what an affectionate and loving
           | disposition would feel like? Ever be fulfilled, ever stop
           | desiring--lusting and longing for people and things to enjoy?
           | Or for more time to enjoy them? Or for some other place or
           | country--"a more temperate clime"? Or for people easier to
           | get along with? And instead be satisfied with what you have,
           | and accept the present--all of it. And convince yourself that
           | everything is the gift of the gods, ....
           | 
           | I mean this is a deeply mournful person with an excess of
           | self-admonishment.
           | 
           | Why is he, somewhere alone in his room, writing these
           | thoughts to himself? Why does he go on and on to admonish his
           | failure to "Know what an affectionate and loving disposition
           | would feel like" ?
           | 
           | Whatever the cause that evening, he's in great pain with it.
           | He sees his life as a failure. Its harder to tell the
           | inciding incident in this particular passage -- but for some,
           | its clearly been some betrayl or insult or similar which
           | makes him rail against people.
           | 
           | ----
           | 
           | Consider, just a little ways down:
           | 
           | > # 10.13 When you wake up, ask yourself:
           | 
           | Does it make any difference to you if other people blame you
           | for doing what's right?
           | 
           | It makes no difference.
           | 
           | Have you forgotten what the people who are so vociferous in
           | praise or blame of others are like as they sleep and eat?
           | 
           | Forgotten their behavior, their fears, their desires, their
           | thefts and depredations--not physical ones, but those
           | committed by what should be highest in them? What creates,
           | when it chooses, loyalty, humility, truth, order, well-being.
           | 
           | ------
           | 
           | Reading this I say to myself, "OK. Marcus, dear me. What
           | cross are you matrying yourself on this time? What gossip has
           | upset you this evening. Why now, each morning, do you have to
           | remember that you're above the gossiping crowds "
           | 
           | All this suppression of the particular by talking about the
           | abstract is all very telling. No one rants like this in their
           | diaries without a provocation, he's too self-righteously
           | high-minded to do anything other than rail against all
           | humanity. A normal person would air their particular
           | grievances -- and be much better for it.
           | 
           | I'm rewatching House MD. at the moment, it's very housian in
           | its own way. Its not that _he_ has been lied to, its that
           | Lying is the Metaphyiscal Necessity of Life, and o woe is me,
           | what suffering! Etc. All just a cheap misdirection for being
           | hurt by someone.
        
             | overgard wrote:
             | I disagree with your characterization of these passages.
             | These seem like questions a person reflects on, not self
             | admonishment. For instance:
             | 
             | > > Are you ever going to achieve goodness? Ever going to
             | be simple, whole, and naked--as plain to see as the body
             | that contains you? Know what an affectionate and loving
             | disposition would feel like? Ever be fulfilled, ever stop
             | desiring--lusting and longing for people and things to
             | enjoy? Or for more time to enjoy them? Or for some other
             | place or country--"a more temperate clime"? Or for people
             | easier to get along with? And instead be satisfied with
             | what you have, and accept the present--all of it. And
             | convince yourself that everything is the gift of the gods,
             | ....
             | 
             | > I mean this is a deeply mournful person with an excess of
             | self-admonishment.
             | 
             | To me this is just a person that's reflecting on how the
             | state he desires is somewhat unobtainable. You could read
             | it as admonishment if you really want to, but to me it's
             | more noting that he has a goal he'll never obtain. It's a
             | lot like buddhists reflecting on nirvana.
             | 
             | I think you're being unfair because these are translations,
             | and a different culture. What he's writing doesn't
             | particularly seem casual, but it doesn't reflect a person
             | in deep despair as you seem to think. And even if he was
             | like that inwardly, his outward actions were generally well
             | regarded, so it's not like what he was doing was terrible.
             | I just don't see how any of this reflects badly on stoicism
             | or Marcus.
             | 
             | No offense, but given how you originally confused him for
             | Mark Antony, I get the impression you're just trying to
             | find any evidence that would characterize him in the way
             | you want him to be characterized. I just don't think your
             | summary of his personality really matches who the man
             | actually was. He wasn't a tyrant, or someone deeply
             | depressed. He was depressed occasionally, because he was
             | human. And he probably had more downer entries than a
             | normal person, because as an emperor he frequently had to
             | make life and death decisions. I think he reflects a pretty
             | healthy psyche.
        
               | mjburgess wrote:
               | The view that Aurelius was depressed is very widespread.
               | I've read the whole meditations, in several translations,
               | and parts in the original. I've translated part of the
               | original in anger at what deceitful translations are
               | being put out today, which delete half of what he says to
               | make him sound more stoical.
               | 
               | Go read more of it. I just chose two parts at random to
               | narrate my thinking in reading these passages again to
               | provide some background here. I'm obviously not making my
               | case on these quotes.
               | 
               | > It's a lot like buddhists reflecting on nirvana.
               | 
               | This is how its bastardized, but that's not there in the
               | text. This is the emperor of rome, at the end of his
               | life, in a state of depression writing a journal to
               | himself. He's an old tyrant, a self-confessed self-
               | righteous "schoolmaster" who goes around admonishing
               | people, including himself.
               | 
               | He's not writing religious literature; this is not
               | scripture -- he isnt starting or continuning a religion
               | or a philosophy. He wanted the whole thing burned. This
               | is a ahistorical cultish reinterpretation to fit an
               | agenda.
               | 
               | Listen to the man himself (2 mins of scrolling through):
               | 
               | NB. Recall _you_ means the man himself. He is talking to
               | himself. This is not a published work of philosophy,
               | there is no audience. He 's admonishing himself.
               | 
               | ------
               | 
               | # 8.1 Another encouragement to humility: you can't claim
               | to have lived your life as a philosopher--not even your
               | whole adulthood. You can see for yourself how far you are
               | from philosophy. And so can many others. You're tainted.
               | It's not so easy now--to have a reputation as a
               | philosopher. And your position is an obstacle as well.
               | 
               | -----
               | 
               | # 8.9 Don't be overheard complaining about life at court.
               | Not even to yourself.
               | 
               | ----
               | 
               | # 8.21 Turn it inside out: What is it like? What is it
               | like old? Or sick? Or selling itself on the streets?
               | 
               | They all die soon--praiser and praised, rememberer and
               | remembered. Remembered in these parts or in a corner of
               | them. Even there they don't all agree with each other (or
               | even with themselves).
               | 
               | And the whole earth a mere point in space.
               | 
               | ----
               | 
               | # 8.53 You want praise from people who kick themselves
               | every fifteen minutes, the approval of people who despise
               | themselves. (Is it a sign of self-respect to regret
               | nearly everything you do?)
               | 
               | ----
               | 
               | # 9.33 All that you see will soon have vanished, and
               | those who see it vanish will vanish themselves, and the
               | ones who reached old age have no advantage over the
               | untimely dead.
               | 
               | ----
               | 
               | # 9.3
               | 
               | Or perhaps you need some tidy aphorism to tuck away in
               | the back of your mind. Well, consider two things that
               | should reconcile you to death: the nature of the things
               | you'll leave behind you, and the kind of people you'll no
               | longer be mixed up with. There's no need to feel
               | resentment toward them--in fact, you should look out for
               | their well-being, and be gentle with them--but keep in
               | mind that everything you believe is meaningless to those
               | you leave behind. Because that's all that could restrain
               | us (if anything could)--the only thing that could make us
               | want to stay here: the chance to live with those who
               | share our vision. But now? Look how tiring it is--this
               | cacophony we live in. Enough to make you say to death,
               | "Come quickly. Before I start to forget myself, like
               | them."
               | 
               | ---
               | 
               | ----
               | 
               | # 10.3 Everything that happens is either endurable or
               | not.
               | 
               | If it's endurable, then endure it. Stop complaining.
               | 
               | If it's unendurable ... then stop complaining. Your
               | destruction will mean its end as well.
               | 
               | ---
               | 
               | I know the man well enough. The idea that he's there a
               | monk writing scripture is an absurdity. Just read what he
               | says to himself. These are his private thoughts, he
               | writes out to himself.
               | 
               | In 9.3 there he basically says, "i'll be glad to be dead
               | and rid of these degenerates" ginned up with his usual
               | self-righteousness -- an emperor of rome indeed.
               | 
               | They are phrased by his teachings as a child, by
               | professional stoic philosophers. These were the manners
               | and habits of thinking he was taught. And he here
               | rehearses them alongside a vast amount of bitterness, and
               | disappointment.
        
         | kilroy123 wrote:
         | This is a fair take at all. Have you actually read about
         | stoicism from the true philosophers?
         | 
         | Epictetus, Zeno of Citium, and Seneca? Not to mention the many
         | modern philosophers.
        
         | exe34 wrote:
         | it's like you can see the shadows, but you can't see the
         | solids. nothing you have said is wrong, it's just so....
         | misguided.
        
         | antisthenes wrote:
         | Real question, did you have GPT write this for you with some
         | kind of anti-intellectual prompt, or did you actually type this
         | out by hand?
         | 
         | Otherwise, it's a nice fan-fiction about the worst possible
         | interpretation of stoicism, but has really not much to do with
         | what the philosophy is about or what it can be positively
         | applied for.
         | 
         | I'm surprised to see this at the top of the thread, because
         | it's mostly utter nonsense, but it does sound emotionally
         | appealing to a certain social group that believes it's trendy
         | to invent new negative definitions for things they don't like
         | or understand.
        
         | stared wrote:
         | > Marcus Aurelius himself was no stoic philosopher, he merely
         | wrote diaries to himself in his late days - diaries he wanted
         | burned, not published.
         | 
         | This is how I read "Meditations" - not as writings of a sage
         | (as far as I know, he didn't consider himself one), but as
         | "shower thoughts". Ironically, since these were private notes,
         | they were likely more genuine than if they had been intended
         | for publication. And more approachable, precisely because he
         | was not a philosopher.
         | 
         | Roman emperors were, without exception, autocrats. Yet, he is
         | considered one of the better ones. Even if he didn't always
         | live up to stoic ideals, he strived for them. This doesn't
         | excuse his wrongdoings, but it suggests his writings can have
         | value despite his flawed actions.
         | 
         | One thing that struck me, though, is how a philosophy promoting
         | ideas like "things are good as they are" or "ignore spiteful
         | people" works well when you're at the top. If you're a slave or
         | poor, things might look quite different. Especially when
         | spiteful people cannot be ignored - be it your master, your
         | centurion, or an unfair competitor trying to frame you.
        
         | zx10rse wrote:
         | You completely misunderstood everything about Stoicism. It has
         | nothing to do with God his plan or elites.
         | 
         | Stoicism in its essence is about living with accordance with
         | nature by seeking virtue.
         | 
         | It is funny that you call Marcus Aurelius a tyrant while he is
         | considered one of the five great emperors. During the Pax
         | Romana golden age the empire lived in relative peace prosperity
         | and progress. After the death of Aurelius the empire descended
         | into chaos.
         | 
         | His reflections are profound not bitter or resentful. Majority
         | of them are relatable today some 2000 years after...
        
         | FredPret wrote:
         | > a roman emperor (tyrant, mass murderer, and courtier)
         | 
         | It's interesting to read up on the lives of famous ancients
         | like Julius Caesar and Alexander. I know it was a different
         | time, but the regular and casual war crimes and mass murders
         | sticks in one's craw.
        
           | rexpop wrote:
           | > the regular and casual war crimes and mass murders
           | 
           | It's phenomenal to read about these revered historical
           | figures! They turn out be privileged thugs. We should be
           | extremely reluctant to extol their virtues.
        
             | FredPret wrote:
             | The best thing about the arc of history so far is that by
             | and large it decentralized power (with some horrific
             | exceptions)
             | 
             | God-kings / pharaohs / caesars -> a handful of feudalists
             | -> millions of millionaires vs voters vs large governments
             | all competing in a much less violent and more stable
             | balance of power
        
           | Gud wrote:
           | Say what you will about Julius Caesar, at least he fought in
           | the trenches. Many times were the battle was the toughest.
           | 
           | My reptile brain can appreciate that, at least!
        
             | FredPret wrote:
             | He also ordered a decimation on his own troops. Utterly
             | barbaric.
        
               | lupusreal wrote:
               | Not saying you're wrong, Julius Caesar committed more
               | than his fair share of atrocities, but do you have a
               | source?
               | 
               | Wikipedia says that Julius Caesar threatened his troops
               | with decimation but didn't carry it out. I asked chatgpt
               | about it and it said that Julius Caesar did order one,
               | but then said no contemporary sources for this exist. It
               | then claimed that Plutarch wrote that Julius Caesar made
               | his troops draw lots, which certainly suggests he ordered
               | a decimation, but I checked two English translations of
               | Parallel Lives and neither of them contain any mention of
               | this. I also asked the not to translate the original
               | Greek, and that also doesn't mention it. The chatbot
               | thinking it happened suggests that _somebody_ has written
               | that it did, but I can 't figure out who and where.
        
               | FredPret wrote:
               | You've done much more research into this than I have. I
               | read about it in a biography of him (Caesar: life of a
               | colossus by Goldsworthy), but you're probably right.
        
           | lupusreal wrote:
           | From what I understand, the Roman Senate accused Julius
           | Caesar of war crimes or the contemporary equivalent for his
           | Gallic wars.
        
         | johnisgood wrote:
         | Your view of stoicism is off. Nihilism (existential, moral,
         | etc.) are not compatible with stoicism.
         | 
         | Read https://www.amazon.com/Guide-Good-Life-Ancient-
         | Stoic/dp/0195....
         | 
         | Marcus Aurelius is a stoic, just look at some of his quotes,
         | that is stoicism.
         | 
         | "The happiness of your life depends upon the quality of your
         | thoughts."
         | 
         | "Waste no more time arguing about what a good man should be. Be
         | one."
         | 
         | "If you are distressed by anything external, the pain is not
         | due to the thing itself, but to your estimate of it; and this
         | you have the power to revoke at any moment."
         | 
         | "When you arise in the morning think of what a privilege it is
         | to be alive, to think, to enjoy, to love ..."
        
         | philwelch wrote:
         | It's always funny to read people's hot takes about stoicism
         | because they seem to polarize into two mutually exclusive
         | camps. In one camp, stoicism is a "hollow, dissociative,
         | nihilist philosophy" for sociopathic emperors and in the other,
         | it's just cope for people without the power or agency to change
         | anything in the world around them. If anything the bipolar
         | nature of this criticism itself validates the broad
         | applicability of Stoicism.
         | 
         | And actually it is an accident that Marcus Aurelius is the
         | "premier famous stoic", largely because, as you point out, his
         | personal journal wasn't actually burned as he requested. If you
         | actually engage at even a marginally deeper level than social
         | media slop--e.g. by taking an undergraduate survey course in
         | ancient philosophy--you'll learn that the premier Stoic was
         | Epictetus, who was born into slavery.
         | 
         | It's also a glib misreading of Marcus Aurelius to characterize
         | his writings as "bitter rants". Much of "Meditations" takes the
         | form of an internal dialogue between the emperor's base
         | feelings (which are sometimes bitter and sometimes as simple as
         | not being a morning person) and his intellect as it works to
         | apply Stoic philosophy to his own life. If you're not an
         | emperor you might not relate to having to deal with surly and
         | ungrateful supplicants or the need to remind yourself that you
         | aren't actually a living god, and if you're also a morning
         | person, Marcus Aurelius is probably completely wasted on you.
         | But that's not what Marcus Aurelius is for. If you want a
         | practical Stoic handbook, read the Enchiridion.
        
       | atlantic wrote:
       | Calling Plato a dualist seriously calls into question the
       | author's philosophical credentials.
        
         | guerrilla wrote:
         | Plato is generally considered to be the archetype of early
         | dualism. What are your credentials?
        
         | n4r9 wrote:
         | > Please don't post shallow dismissals
         | 
         | > Please don't pick the most provocative thing in an article or
         | post to complain about
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
         | pphysch wrote:
         | We can squabble over definitions, but a primary characteristic
         | of Platonism for many people is the belief in a (separate)
         | domain of ideals/concepts. That e.g. mathematical objects exist
         | outside of our individual cognition. That's more dualistic than
         | monistic.
        
       | pj_mukh wrote:
       | "stoicism's Providential claim that everything in the universe is
       | already perfect and that things which seem bad or unjust are
       | secretly good underneath (a claim Christianity borrowed from
       | Stoicism) can be used to justify the idea that the rich and
       | powerful are meant to be rich and powerful"
       | 
       | What did I miss? Does Stoicism claim everything in the universe
       | is already perfect? That seems like a bold (counter-intuitive)
       | claim.
        
         | LatteLazy wrote:
         | Stoicism does not claim that at all. Not sure what the author
         | means...
        
         | isleyaardvark wrote:
         | It's wrong on the same level of "The central message of
         | Buddhism is _not_ 'every man for himself', Otto!"
        
         | betenoire wrote:
         | "perfect" is a weird word to use in stoicism, but I do think it
         | can be used to justify that things "are the way they are" and
         | shrug it off with some visualization.
        
           | pj_mukh wrote:
           | I always saw Stoicism as "things around you are going to be
           | really screwed up and panicking about it will make it worse"
           | 
           | The first part of that sentence is opposite to what the
           | author here suggests.
        
             | betenoire wrote:
             | both "screwed up" and "perfect" are judgements
             | calls/perspectives, and panicking isn't going to change
             | things (panic doesn't necessarily make something worse
             | either)
        
               | bigstrat2003 wrote:
               | I think panic almost always makes things worse. There's a
               | reason that in an emergency, the first piece of advice to
               | people is "don't panic".
        
               | betenoire wrote:
               | almost is the key term here, yes, it depends on the
               | situation causing the panic.
        
               | tekla wrote:
               | Panic always makes things worse
        
               | betenoire wrote:
               | you can't think of an example where it doesn't? I can.
               | I'm not saying there is any virtue to it, but panic can
               | subside without having had negative side effects on
               | anything other than your mood
        
         | kolanos wrote:
         | The serenity Prayer always have a stoic quality to me.
         | 
         | "God, grant me the serenity to accept the things I cannot
         | change, courage to change the things I can, and wisdom to know
         | the difference."
        
       | LatteLazy wrote:
       | Stoicism has 2 main advantages over other philosophies:
       | 
       | * it's practical. It involves doing things that work and will
       | improve you life, make it clearer what you want and make it
       | easier to do things and generally not waste your time or money
       | 
       | * it's true in a trial and error, scientific sense. Stoicism
       | concentrates on what works and is applicable. Beleifs come from
       | life experience. Most other philosophies START with arbitrary
       | beliefs and then expect you to live according to them whether
       | they work or not.
        
       | bigstrat2003 wrote:
       | I'm certainly not rich or powerful, but I have found Stoicism to
       | be extremely helpful. It is hard to always bear it in mind when
       | in times of stress, but when I can, it really does help to focus
       | on the idea that what matters is not my external circumstances,
       | but my own actions and thoughts. It reframes things and helps me
       | to feel better about unpleasant situations I might find myself
       | in.
       | 
       | I also would say that I disagree with the author in his
       | assessment of Stoic thought. He asserts that with millennia of
       | experience, we have learned that we can effect change on the
       | world. I believe that if anything the exact opposite is true.
       | Some men have more power to change the world than others, but for
       | most of us we can't do a damn thing. For example, if I'm unhappy
       | with the actions of the US government, I can write to my
       | representatives asking them to change things, and I can vote for
       | someone else next election (or possibly participate in a recall
       | effort). But that's all I can do, and (speaking from experience)
       | those don't accomplish anything. I still _do_ those things
       | because they are my duty, but I 'm realistic about the fact that
       | they aren't going to change a thing and I don't stress out.
        
       | droideqa wrote:
       | "You want to live 'according to nature'? Oh, you noble Stoics,
       | what deceptive words! Think of a being like nature, prodigal
       | beyond measure, indifferent beyond measure, without purpose or
       | consideration, without pity or justice, at once fruitful and
       | barren and uncertain--do you want to live according to such
       | indifference?" - Nietzsche
        
       | prophesi wrote:
       | It's unfortunate that the elite's interest in stoicism (along
       | with the sigma male crowd) has tainted its perception. It's
       | essentially the basis of CBT and logotherapy that has changed my
       | life for the better. But we also saw this with Buddhist
       | meditation and other various practices divorced from the
       | worldview that spawned them.
        
       | nis0s wrote:
       | > Because I think it's important that we mingle some Voltaire in
       | with our Seneca, and remember that stoicism's invaluable advice
       | for taking better care of ourselves inside can-if we fail to mix
       | it with other ideas-come with a big blind spot regarding the
       | world outside ourselves, and whether we should change it.
       | 
       | Ideally the answer is no, there's no need to actively change
       | systems if the system proponents are not interested in that
       | change. In case of majority rules, the minority has to seek
       | compromise. Such rules assume that different systems will create
       | their own conditions for long term stability, and there will not
       | be any interference from outside forces.
       | 
       | Under these ideal conditions, agents have freedom of movement to
       | other places, where they exercise free will and actualize because
       | determinism by random events (like being born into a specific
       | system in which an agent is unfulfilled or unwelcome) does not
       | promote long term stability for any system.
       | 
       | In reality, however, agents compete to dominate, and every system
       | then has to mirror each other in some way, or face
       | destabilization.
       | 
       | There's no such thing as resource scarcity in an endless universe
       | --the problem of different systems is that the existence of
       | another presents an existential threat. Stoicism helps manage
       | this existential threat while acknowledging the caveat that
       | aggressively defending the existence of a system is justified
       | when faced with a direct threat.
       | 
       | A note on social inequality in a given state: if everyone has the
       | same rights, and those rights are applied equally, then that
       | ensures long term cultural stability. If you create second class
       | citizens, or justly aggrieved minorities, then that's asking for
       | trouble as any interfering force can use that minority to create
       | destabilization. The only things which makes sense is letting
       | people have their own places, and not be interfered with;
       | practically, for a country like the U.S., it means that all
       | states should be free to determine their own set of rules
       | governing rights outside of the purview of the Constitution. In
       | that case, maybe it's more humane for blue states to accept
       | refugees from red states, and vice versa. Like people mad about
       | Trans rights in CA should move to TX. Extending this logic
       | dictates that blue cities in red states can have their own rules
       | for governance. I think, then, the smallest unit which can have
       | its own set of governing powers should be any which has the
       | resources to implement them, in a self-sufficient and independent
       | manner. I don't know practical that might be, but it's an
       | interesting thought experiment.
        
       | shw1n wrote:
       | I can't speak for the rich and powerful (as I'm neither), nor do
       | I subscribe to stoicism necessarily.
       | 
       | But I do work in tech and enjoyed (and periodically re-read)
       | Marcus Aurelius' "Meditations"
       | 
       | I originally read it out of curiosity, not often you get to see a
       | leader's supposedly unedited, personal diary.
       | 
       | But I keep coming back because of the calming prose and (imo)
       | useful lessons about dealing with a stressful world.
       | 
       | Eg Epictetus' quote "don't hand your mind over to every passerby"
       | 
       | and "don't be upset by disrespect from people you don't respect"
       | 
       | were good reminders on not getting mentally derailed from
       | rudeness or slights by the minority of interactions throughout a
       | day.
       | 
       | "we all come from nature" is a nice reminder on forgiveness
       | 
       | Perhaps the first two could be seen as elitist, but it was
       | helpful to me in a customer-facing role in dealing with the 10%
       | of rude clients.
       | 
       | Overall it reads like a secular proverbs, with that much more
       | weight due to the size and non-publishing intent of the author.
        
         | sdsd wrote:
         | I love Meditations but everytime I think about Aurelius I laugh
         | so hard thinking about this random Reddit post:
         | https://www.reddit.com/r/Stoic/comments/1823mip/how_do_you_g...
         | 
         | Here's the text:
         | 
         | ## How do you get over the fact Marcus Aurelius wife cheated on
         | him with a gladiator?
         | 
         | I have been into stoicism for a while and have been using it to
         | cope with life but learning this info has made me second guess
         | the entire philosophy. Now whenever I try to be stoic I think
         | about Marcus sitting in the corner writing meditations while
         | his wife gets brutalized by a gigachad gladiator. Now whenever
         | I think about stoicism it seems like a cuck philosophy. Was
         | Marcus really the adam22 of his time? How can I get over this?
         | 
         | ---
         | 
         | Idk why this was the funniest thing to me, and now I just think
         | of Marcus in the other room, hearing his wife getting ploughed,
         | writing about how happiness doesn't depend on external
         | circumstance so it's nbd
        
           | stuartjohnson12 wrote:
           | I saw a post a while ago from a guy who had read the 48 laws
           | of power and tried to mirror the girl he liked but ended up
           | making her think he was gay instead. Same energy.
        
           | shw1n wrote:
           | lmao -- reddit is undefeated
           | 
           | for opponents of stoicism "cuck philosophy" might be the goat
           | of slogans
           | 
           | or an insane testament to the monk-like philosophy
        
         | Rendello wrote:
         | For years my HN profile has had the Meditations quote:
         | 
         |  _A cucumber is bitter. Throw it away. There are briars in the
         | road. Turn aside from them. This is enough. Do not add, "And
         | why were such things made in the world?"_
         | 
         | Perhaps someday I'll try putting it into practice.
        
           | julianeon wrote:
           | Great quote; I'll reuse this.
        
       | bee_rider wrote:
       | It seems to be a philosophy about being a good little productive
       | serf and continuing to be productive while taking your
       | powerlessness on the nose? Why would anybody in a modern free
       | society follow this philosophy?
        
         | broof wrote:
         | I found it to be way more empowering. There truly are many
         | things in life that we don't control, but there are many that
         | we do. Would you agree it's wise to reduce stress about the
         | stuff we don't have control over?
        
         | surgical_fire wrote:
         | > Why would anybody in a modern free society follow this
         | philosophy?
         | 
         | If I don't accept the absurd stupidity of others, and exercise
         | temperance and prudence in my dealings with my fellow men, life
         | in modern society would be nearly impossible.
         | 
         | As an example, this very post.
        
           | bee_rider wrote:
           | > As an example, this very post.
           | 
           | Ah, don't be too hard on yourself.
        
         | bigstrat2003 wrote:
         | That is not remotely what the philosophy is about. It's about
         | not letting your external circumstances trouble your internal
         | emotions, because they aren't what truly matters. It isn't
         | passive acceptance - Stoics can, and should, try to improve the
         | world around them. They just don't attach their happiness to
         | whether those attempts succeed or fail.
         | 
         | As to why someone would follow the philosophy, it's simple: we
         | all face stressful situations in life (some more stressful than
         | others of course). Why should you let those things rule your
         | emotions? It doesn't help anything to get upset. It just makes
         | you feel worse. It is a pure negative thing in your life. So,
         | you work to try to gain mastery over those feelings so that
         | even when life is hard you can face it more effectively and
         | with greater peace of mind.
        
           | timeon wrote:
           | > They just don't attach their happiness to whether those
           | attempts succeed or fail.
           | 
           | Doesn't that seems bit pointless?
        
             | zen928 wrote:
             | What if your successes and failures were due to an external
             | force entirely outside of your control? Would you feel
             | accomplished if things you considered personal achievements
             | were knowingly received due to e.g. influence of being in a
             | higher social and economic class despite lacking the same
             | level of merit as your other colleagues? Should you feel
             | personally defeated if you created a professional project
             | that you couldn't bring to financial viability?
             | 
             | Attaching positive sentiment to the process of personal
             | growth over percentage of success attempts allows you to
             | build a framework of understanding to see where your sphere
             | of influence extends to and where you can focus and
             | continue attempting next to overcome your hurdles. You can
             | obviously be disappointed something bad happens in relation
             | to your efforts, but stepping back without attaching
             | emotions to the situation allows a glimpse at the true
             | impact of your contributions. That's part of my
             | understanding, atleast.
        
             | bigstrat2003 wrote:
             | No, not at all. Why would it be pointless? Obviously
             | success is preferred to failure, but ultimately the outcome
             | isn't something I control so I shouldn't rely on it to be
             | happy. The important questions for my own peace of mind are
             | "did I try" and "could I have done better", not "did I
             | succeed".
        
         | timeon wrote:
         | No matter of era, age or social status, people do seek ways to
         | cope. That is why stoicism seems to be so popular.
        
       | siliconc0w wrote:
       | It's a philosophy that is a lot easier to adhere to when you have
       | some amount of power or agency and your basic needs are met.
        
         | bigstrat2003 wrote:
         | On the contrary, it's a philosophy that is perfect for the
         | powerless and destitute. One of the most famous Stoics
         | (Epictetus) was a slave. People have used the philosophy to
         | help get them through stints in POW camps. It is by no means a
         | philosophy that is primarily for those with power or agency.
        
         | accrual wrote:
         | They're useful practices even when you have nothing. They
         | emphasize having no power over anything but your own mind and
         | reaction to external events. You cannot control being carried
         | away by the government or forced to be a slave or torture
         | victim. You can still control your mind in those circumstances,
         | and that is what stoicism emphasizes.
        
       | oramit wrote:
       | It's been interesting to watch and experience Techbros jump on
       | different philosophical/religious trends over the years. Post
       | 9/11 through the Great Financial Crisis New Atheism was all the
       | rage. Once the tech boom was in full swing Stoicism became the
       | dominant ideology.
       | 
       | Now, post Covid I see a hard pivot towards Christianity, but
       | importantly, "traditional" forms of it. Protestant sects are
       | being ignored and Catholicism, or if you are really intense,
       | Orthodoxy seems to be in vogue.
        
         | kolanos wrote:
         | > Now, post Covid I see a hard pivot towards Christianity, but
         | importantly, "traditional" forms of it. Protestant sects are
         | being ignored and Catholicism, or if you are really intense,
         | Orthodoxy seems to be in vogue.
         | 
         | I have seen these trends as well, especially Orthodoxy of late.
         | My assumption is this is a response to rampant moral relativism
         | that has become the dominant culture in the west.
        
           | oramit wrote:
           | I think you're being too kind in assuming there is some sort
           | of real philosophy or faith here. I laid out what I have
           | observed the tech elite doing precisely to show that they are
           | rootless and will join with whatever bandwagon is popular in
           | their techbro circle.
           | 
           | It's the great irony of our tech elite. They all believe they
           | are independent thinkers who are changing the world but like
           | any clique they follow what the group says and found another
           | Sass App or become another VC investor.
        
         | throw4847285 wrote:
         | I was recently listening to a podcast about Silicon Valley
         | thought which theorized that at its root it is a justificatory
         | mechanism and not a coherent worldview. Whatever the current
         | problems facing Silicon Valley, its leadership will find some
         | new theoretical underpinning that happens to justify whatever
         | is in their naked self-interest. It's "move fast break things"
         | but with philosophy. Their example was Marc Andreessen who once
         | had coherent ideas that could be agreed with or disagreed with,
         | but saw the writing on the wall and has aligned his "thinking"
         | with the political movement he thinks will most protect his
         | interests.
        
           | oramit wrote:
           | Yes. The founding mythos of Silicon Valley is of plucky
           | upstarts destroying all the middle men and dis-empowering the
           | establishment.
           | 
           | But now tech is the establishment and has all the power so
           | that story isn't useful anymore. Instead they are justified
           | in their control because they were so successful and are so
           | wealthy. To fight against them is to fight against "progress"
           | and "the market has decided".
           | 
           | Put another way: "The tyrant will always find a pretext for
           | his tyranny"
        
       | bambax wrote:
       | > _But for all Seneca's powerful advice about the big picture and
       | the meaninglessness of wealth, he was also a slave-owner who,
       | when alerted that his male slaves were sexually abusing his
       | female slaves, set up a brothel in his estate so he could make
       | his male slaves pay him for the privilege of abusing his female
       | slaves-not quite the behavior we imagine when Seneca says money
       | is meaningless and all living beings are sacred._
       | 
       | It could be argued that this policy was simply reasonable: the
       | only alternatives being to either do nothing, or set up a police
       | force to prevent and/or punish abuse.
       | 
       | Also, not sure if Seneca really believed "all living beings
       | [were] sacred"; he despised games of gladiators because he
       | thought the spectacles were vulgar and appealed to lower
       | instincts, but he never expressed any form of compassion for the
       | gladiators themselves.
       | 
       | Anyway, I knew that Seneca was the richest Roman in his time (and
       | perhaps, of all times), but didn't hear that story before. Would
       | like to know more. (Did slaves have money to spend?)
        
       | samspot wrote:
       | "But on the negative side, stoicism's Providential claim that
       | everything in the universe is already perfect and that things
       | which seem bad or unjust are secretly good underneath (a claim
       | Christianity borrowed from Stoicism) can be used to justify the
       | idea that the rich and powerful are meant to be rich and
       | powerful, that the poor and downtrodden are meant to be poor and
       | downtrodden, and that even the worst actions are actually good in
       | an ineffable and eternal way"
       | 
       | I didn't understand these repeated digs at Christianity as having
       | been borrowed from the Stoics. For one, that all bad things are
       | actually good is not a tenet of Christianity and is not in the
       | Bible. Perhaps some Christians taught this, but you can find a
       | person claiming Christ who teaches absolutely anything you can
       | think of. Such is the nature of things that are popular.
       | 
       | I can only assume the author is referring to this section from
       | Romans 8:28 (NIV) "And we know that in all things God works for
       | the good of those who love him, who have been called according to
       | his purpose."
       | 
       | If you fly through too quickly you could reach the Stoic claim,
       | but there are a few key differences.
       | 
       | 1. It says "God works for the good" in all things, but not that
       | all those things are good in essence.
       | 
       | 2. This is a promise only to those who love God, not
       | automatically extended to all people or things.
       | 
       | Finally, I'll note that the entire Old Testament predates the
       | Stoics, and is the foundation for Christian thinking about God's
       | will and plan for the universe.
        
         | scantis wrote:
         | In the story oh Hiob/Job,he is unaffected in his behavior and
         | the trust instilled in him from others, which clearly discouble
         | his person from his misfortune.
         | 
         | In the original there is no word for faith, believe or trust
         | only for character. Job is of good character despite his
         | misfortune, that makes him a man of God.
        
           | taylorlapeyre wrote:
           | Technically correct, but quite misleading. The idea of "trust
           | in God" or "faithfulness" is completely central to Job. The
           | story doesn't concern itself with "doctrinal faith", but it
           | implicitly discusses "faith" in the general sense of trust in
           | the providence of God in the face of challenges that might
           | make one abandon Him.
        
             | scantis wrote:
             | The word used was "aemuna" or "aemunato". The most basic
             | translation is reliability. The other word much later was
             | pisteos with loyalty in its most basic translation.
             | 
             | The concept of faith as you describe it is a late
             | interpretation, morphing both concepts together. Jobs
             | "faith" is his reliability of character, neither his
             | believe nor faith, yet axiomatically the definition behind
             | those words. That if you choose to believe in God and have
             | faith your reliability of character will come or strive to
             | have it.
             | 
             | Without being misleading, you may have it without any
             | believe or faith in God.
        
         | thanhhaimai wrote:
         | > For one, that all bad things are actually good is not a tenet
         | of Christianity and is not in the Bible
         | 
         | Just for my own learning, if it's not considered a tenet, why
         | do I see this line of thought so often portrayed: "This <bad
         | thing> is not bad. God made is so to test my faith."
        
           | taylorlapeyre wrote:
           | This is one of three major answers to the problem of Theodicy
           | (justifying God in the face of evil) in Christian theology.
           | They are:
           | 
           | 1. Pedagogical (the one you mentioned) - Evil exists so that
           | we may grow and learn. All evil will be used to create even
           | greater good. Quintessential example would be the story of
           | Job in the Old Testament.
           | 
           | 2. Eschatological -- Evil is a by-product of having any
           | creation in time whatsoever, and will be fully restored at
           | the end of all things. Another way of thinking of this one is
           | that evil is "non-being", the absence of the good. A lack, a
           | privation. Espoused by Augustine (and before him,
           | Neoplatonism in general), and Aquinas.
           | 
           | 3. Freedom-oriented -- Evil (even natural evil) is a broken
           | state of affairs caused by the freedom of people, who use
           | that freedom against God. God nonetheless allows this because
           | he allows us the dignity to choose. The official teaching of
           | the Catholic Church. The straightforward reading of Genesis
           | 2.
           | 
           | None of these say that "This <bad thing> is not bad" -
           | Christianity acknowledges the existence of evil "as evil".
           | However, with God's grace, evil may be healed or made to
           | serve higher purposes.
        
             | Cantinflas wrote:
             | Imo 1) and 3) make little sense, e.g. no one learns
             | anything from a toddler dying from cancer, and no "freedom"
             | caused it. 2) looks more interesting, although I'm not sure
             | I understand it
        
               | heyjamesknight wrote:
               | A toddler dying from cancer is horrible. It's not evil.
        
           | adamtaylor_13 wrote:
           | Them be some deep theological waters you're wading into.
           | 
           | It's not a tenet, because it's not presented as a teaching
           | that "bad things are good things".
           | 
           | However, we often label things as "good" and "bad," which are
           | overly simplistic for many things in life. A child dying is
           | unequivocally a bad thing. But if your faith deepens through
           | the course of grieving, then a good thing happens from that
           | bad thing. It doesn't nullify the bad thing. It doesn't
           | magically transform it into a good thing. But your faith
           | being made stronger is a good thing, while your child dying
           | is a bad thing.
           | 
           | My understanding is this is the Biblical principle of
           | redemption. Not to be confused with salvation. It's used to
           | refer to God's ability to make good happen from a bad thing,
           | or to "redeem" a bad thing. In this way, redemption can also
           | refer to salvation because man is inherently bad, but through
           | Jesus's death on the cross, man can be redeemed. Once again,
           | bad things happen, but good things can come from them.
           | 
           | Again, it's important to note that the Bible does not teach
           | BAD == GOOD. It teaches that bad things can be redeemed for
           | good outcomes.
           | 
           | I am not a theologian, but that's my understanding of it.
        
         | adamtaylor_13 wrote:
         | Came here to write this. Relieved to see someone already wrote
         | this.
         | 
         | Only someone who has never actually taken the time to study the
         | Bible could possibly claim that it teaches "things are secretly
         | good underneath"
         | 
         | The Bible teaches that things are so broken, so bad, and so
         | irredeemable that God himself had to humble himself into the
         | form of man, dying a physical death, to redeem it.
         | 
         | It's only pop-Christianity that teaches that people are mostly
         | good and make mistakes. The Bible teaches that man is a wretch,
         | incapable of redemption within his own power, and deserving of
         | damnation.
        
           | timeon wrote:
           | So what is your answer for Epicurean paradox?
        
             | adamtaylor_13 wrote:
             | Free will.
             | 
             | If people are allowed to make choices, evil is a
             | possibility. You can argue that free will isn't good, but
             | I'm not sure what evidence supports that argument.
             | 
             | So if God allows free will, then evil can happen. Just
             | because he doesn't immediately stop it (read: eliminate
             | free will) doesn't make God not-good.
             | 
             | I think part of this is man's hubris in assuming we can
             | know what is perfectly good. The Epicurean paradox is
             | hinged on the description of "all-good," which is far too
             | simple in most people's minds.
             | 
             | A metaphor:
             | 
             | If I shove my child to the ground to teach them the
             | consequences of falling, I am a bad father. If I warn them
             | to tie their shoes, or they will fall, but do not
             | explicitly force them to, I am a father willing to let my
             | child learn, but I am not a "bad father" because of this.
             | 
             | Another aspect I think the Epicurean paradox misses is the
             | concept of justice and eternity. If this physical life is
             | all there is, then yeah, allowing people to suffer and die
             | is an injustice. But if we are eternal beings in a
             | temporary, physical body, suffering and dying in this world
             | is a small blip on the timeline. What comes after has to be
             | factored into the equation of "What is justice?" But that's
             | where non-theistic reasoning can no longer come with us.
             | The Bible is fairly clear about what comes after, and there
             | is justice when viewed in that light.
             | 
             | If you believe this life is all there is, then yeah it's
             | not hard to argue that God isn't just. But again, the
             | Bible, upon which the Judeo-Christian belief system is
             | built, is very explicit that this life is NOT all there is.
             | 
             | So the Epicurean paradox takes a small slice of the Bible
             | out of context and points at it, without considering all
             | the other context and argues, "Ha! See? Logical
             | inconsistency!" when in reality it's just out of context.
        
               | timeon wrote:
               | How does free will explains children with cancer or is
               | that good thing?
        
               | halyconWays wrote:
               | You should put more effort into addressing the very
               | detailed and thoughtful reply you got (at your request)
               | and which you're currently ignoring with just another
               | challenge (with a grammatical mistake). You're currently
               | a troll in the technical definition of the term: baiting
               | for replies and then just mocking what you catch.
        
               | alienthrowaway wrote:
               | Free will -> original sin -> all manner of diseases,
               | suffering tyat are part of the human condition.
               | 
               | Even without the theology, a person suffering due to a
               | forebear's poor decision is well-understood: a decent
               | percentage if people think it's the natural order for a
               | child to go hungry if their parents are drug-addicts or
               | imprisoned.
        
         | throw4847285 wrote:
         | Yeah, it's an especially odd claim because early Christianity
         | was apocalyptic. The Second Coming was imminent. The world
         | would be radically remade.
         | 
         | I think the author is confusing early Christianity with
         | Calvinism.
        
           | Matticus_Rex wrote:
           | The author's claims are not generally true of Calvinism,
           | either.
        
             | throw4847285 wrote:
             | Fair. I guess I was thinking of a certain kind of
             | prosperity theology which people blame on Calvinism, but
             | that isn't fair. That's not how unconditional election
             | actually works.
        
         | munificent wrote:
         | _> For one, that all bad things are actually good is not a
         | tenet of Christianity and is not in the Bible._
         | 
         | Surely you in your life you have met many Christians who said
         | "God works in mysterious ways", "there is a purpose for
         | everything", "trust in the Lord", etc.?
         | 
         | In the Christian communities I grew up around, it was a
         | pervasive idea that misfortune was explained away by our
         | limited understanding. These cliches were always trotted out
         | when something horrible had happened which needed to be
         | explained away.
         | 
         | It's arguably a _necessary_ tenet for Christianity to hold
         | together as a coherent belief system. If you believe in an
         | omnipotent, benevolent God, you need some way to explain why
         | bad things still happen[1].
         | 
         | [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Problem_of_evil
        
           | achierius wrote:
           | > Surely you in your life you have met many Christians who
           | said "God works in mysterious ways", "there is a purpose for
           | everything", "trust in the Lord", etc.?
           | 
           | Yes, but this is something people say in times of grief, for
           | the comfort of the grieving -- it's not a consistent moral
           | philosophy that they hold to in other parts of their life,
           | nor is it meant to be. There are better answers than this,
           | but they are oftentimes much harder to process, and much more
           | likely to accidentally pain the one who is grieving.
           | 
           | > It's arguably a necessary tenet for Christianity to hold
           | together as a coherent belief system.
           | 
           | No, it's not. You're correct in that "you need some way to
           | explain why bad things still happen", but we've come a long,
           | long way from "stuff just happens". For example, the Catholic
           | view is that suffering is A) not committed by, but permitted
           | by, God; B) necessary for salvation and free will to coexist.
           | In this view, evil is in essence a deviation from the will of
           | God -- but free will must, in this conception, at the very
           | least include the free will to choose to follow _or choose to
           | oppose_ God 's own will. To quote St. Aquinas, paraphrasing
           | St. Augustine: "Since God is the supremely highest good, he
           | would not allow evil to exist in his creation unless he were
           | so all powerful that he could even make good out of evil".
           | More broadly, suffering is seen as having not only a
           | redemptive but an edifying nature that can ultimately bring
           | us closer to God.
           | 
           | I understand that this might sound repulsive on first glance,
           | but frankly I do not think there is an answer to "why is
           | there evil?" which would not be at initial examination --
           | certainly, it's no worse than the idea that we are simply
           | here to suffer by random caprice, and that that suffering is
           | itself meaningless, nothing but a failure on your own
           | (meaningless) value function. Yes, one might hope that things
           | 'could have been a different way' -- but what would a world
           | without _any_ grief, _any_ suffering even be like? This is
           | the point of the whole pleasure-machine /experience-machine
           | thought experiment: many people would very much rather live
           | in this world, with all its suffering, than one totally
           | blank, devoid of depth and complexity. One might even go as
           | far as to assert that no 'good' God could permit such
           | terrible depths of suffering -- congenital illness, rape,
           | torture, child slavery, so on and so forth. But so many
           | times, in exploring theories of computational complexity or
           | abstract mathematics or informatics, we see that what might
           | have seemed to be simple assumptions can have enormous,
           | essential effects: deciding whether all programs written for
           | a FSM with one stack is simple, but for one with two stacks
           | the problem becomes impossible. Perhaps it _is_ impossible to
           | have a world  "with matter, with living things made from
           | matter, with free will for those living beings, but without
           | the ability of one living thing to enslave another". We
           | cannot know -- but if there is a truly transcendent,
           | omniscient God, then He certainly would.
           | 
           | For a more modern (more philosophically-flavored) take, I'd
           | suggest reading Kierkegaard's Fear and Trembling: he explores
           | the binding of Isaac with the idea being to address this very
           | question. In particular, he strongly disagrees with Kant's
           | idea that God would simply choose to follow the categorical
           | imperative, and emphasizes instead the transcendence of God
           | and divine morality. But as an existentialist I think his
           | writing is much closer to how we as members of the modern
           | world can feel than philosophers/theologians who came before
           | him.
        
             | tasuki wrote:
             | >> Surely you in your life you have met many Christians who
             | said "God works in mysterious ways", "there is a purpose
             | for everything", "trust in the Lord", etc.?
             | 
             | > Yes, but this is something people say in times of grief,
             | for the comfort of the grieving
             | 
             | It is the stupidest thing to say to someone who is
             | grieving.
        
               | estarkio wrote:
               | God had a dozen billion years or so of lead time, but he
               | couldn't piece the plan together without giving your
               | toddler glioblastoma.
               | 
               | Trust the process!
        
               | carlosjobim wrote:
               | What would you accept to be said? What would be good
               | enough for you? Words are not magical, they are just
               | sounds. In the most important situations in life and in
               | death, words are simply lacking. We as humans haven't
               | been gifted with neither a spoken nor a written language
               | which can encompass all our feelings and meanings. Words
               | cannot even come close. So people have to do with what
               | they have. And you are in no position to judge against
               | somebody who means well.
        
           | scandox wrote:
           | I think the Cromwellian dictum "Trust in God but keep your
           | powder dry" is the intelligent Christian's attitude to
           | this...
        
         | taeric wrote:
         | You are seeing the literal downside of strawman criticism, I
         | think? You see the same in most criticisms of "capitalism." If
         | you get to build up the representative as only the negatives of
         | that which you are criticizing, than it is usually a bright
         | flame.
         | 
         | Is extra devious when coupled with what is basically the
         | opposite for all of the supposed "enemies" of that which is
         | being straw manned. Where they are represented by only the best
         | attributes.
         | 
         | And a lot of the deviousness comes from how this makes supposed
         | centrists feel superior in pointing out neither is "true."
         | Which, fair, but where does that take the conversation? It gets
         | dominated by people that rally around the representation they
         | feel invested in and nobody even remembers why it may have
         | first come up in the first place.
        
         | goosedragons wrote:
         | It's the idea of predestination.
        
       | mothax wrote:
       | Epictetus, anyone?
        
       | trgn wrote:
       | how quickly things change. the aspirational tech ethos today is
       | one of a will to dominion, of incessant action over
       | introspection, of gut over mind.
        
       | s1artibartfast wrote:
       | I find that the tools of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a
       | re-embodiment of many of elements of stoicism. It is interesting
       | to think of the 50 million Americans going to therapy as paying
       | for a personal philosophy mentor. You can use this as a jumping
       | off point for all kinds of societal speculation and armchair
       | observations on culture.
        
       | ViktorRay wrote:
       | If anyone is interested in stoicism then this classic lecture by
       | Dr Sugrue is excellent.
       | 
       | www.youtube.com/watch?v=Auuk1y4DRgk
       | 
       | I have watched this lecture multiple times (each time I was going
       | through some bad things in my life) and it helped me
       | tremendously.
       | 
       | Stoicism in general has many excellent philosophical ideas that
       | you can apply to your life. Maybe this lecture and stoic ideals
       | will help you if you are in times of despair and sadness the way
       | this lecture and those ideals helped me.
        
       | morning-coffee wrote:
       | Is it a bit ironic that the author, a stoic herself, seems
       | bothered by rich people using stoicism to advance themselves?
       | 
       | edit: corrected pronoun
        
         | TheCoelacanth wrote:
         | I don't think she is a stoic or particularly bothered by rich
         | people using it. She is a historian and this is a topic that
         | overlaps with her area of study.
        
           | morning-coffee wrote:
           | Apologies for the assumption. (Edited).
           | 
           | She said: "I personally love stoicism. It's gorgeous. It's
           | brilliant." Maybe that doesn't make her a stoic, but it still
           | struck me as ironic that she seemed wary of rich people using
           | it, that's all.
        
       | xyzzy123 wrote:
       | Life isn't fair but you also have agency. That's my favourite
       | take.
        
       | overgard wrote:
       | You know, I think people will read the headline and have an eat-
       | the-rich-mindset and lump stoicism in with obnoxious tech bros.
       | However, I would posit that if tech-bro's internalize the
       | teachings of stoicism we'd all be better off. It's worth
       | mentioning that Epictetus was a slave, so just because the rich
       | and powerful are finding stoicism doesn't mean that stoicism is a
       | philosophy for only the rich and powerful. Just as an example,
       | stoicism is also very popular in recovery communities (along with
       | Buddhism). As far as pragmatic philosophies go that you can apply
       | easily and have quick benefits, stoicism is a great one.
        
       | stereolambda wrote:
       | Not a bad article, all things considered. Interesting, given the
       | overall message, that the author manages to spin the worldly
       | engagement that is still present in stoicism (as opposed to
       | Epicureanism etc.) as somehow a suspicious thing. In Republican
       | times the dominance of stoicism in Rome wasn't so pronounced, I
       | think, and the elite followed all kinds of philosophies. And
       | soon, under the Empire, the political engagement became more of a
       | theatre anyways. Patrician families declined. So the whole idea
       | of having an excuse to stay in politics is weaker that one might
       | think. There was more of an incentive to shut off in your villa
       | as much as you can, and just try to avoid displeasing the
       | emperor.
       | 
       | Graeco-Roman world also created more patterns of radical
       | political engagement than people tend to give it credit for
       | (regardless of what you think of its legitimacy). Plato with his
       | speculatively constructed vision of ideal republic. Ideologically
       | motivated coups, like one of the Spartan king Cleomenes.
       | Generations of social radicalism had looked at Gracchi. We are
       | just too far removed from classical education to see and
       | appreciate it.
       | 
       | The idea that you somehow have to pursue universal salvation as a
       | part of and precondition of your personal happiness, I think this
       | is extremely wrong-headed. Maybe not OP, but many people think
       | you are morally obliged to be permanently depressed and want to
       | ideologically control your every waking thought. In actuality,
       | I'd say it is better to have internal calm and contentment to be
       | able to achieve whatever you are able to achieve for the world.
       | 
       | As for popularity of ancient philosophy, I think some of this is
       | it having more practical outlook and being less complicated, in a
       | way, than most modern (meaning post-medieval) thought. Note that
       | wide popularity of Enlightenment in 1700s also stemmed from it
       | being more accessible to the masses in many ways. While also
       | ancient stuff has enough of a "base lore" to be somewhat
       | insulated from completely freewheeling "philosophical" crankery.
       | That being said, I would encourage anyone to also look into
       | Epicurean, skeptic etc. thought alongside stoicism. Cicero was
       | somewhat right in trying to peruse and combine all this stuff.
        
       | hiAndrewQuinn wrote:
       | Cultivating stoicism probably increases one's power and riches on
       | the margin, because it emphasizes emotional stability which is
       | correlated with higher incomes. Hedonism probably works in the
       | opposite direction on net, even though hedonists would probably
       | get more direct pleasure out of the extra cash.
        
       | engels_gibs wrote:
       | The first, true and only philosophy for the working class, the
       | exploited, the proletarians and the dispossessed is marxism.
       | Teaching "stoicism" to people who barely can afford food, to
       | slaves in the Congo, to overworked uber eats cyclists that work
       | 12 hours a day for pennies, is not only ridiculous, it's
       | criminal.
       | 
       | Standing silent or content in the face of exploitation, injustice
       | and the threat of destruction of humanity is indeed an ethics
       | that benefit the rich and powerful. "Be content, stay quiet, dont
       | make noise, dont revolt, dont organize, accept your place in the
       | universe.".
       | 
       | Marx was the first philosopher that recognized that philosophy is
       | a product of material conditions, and that it servers the
       | interests of the economic system that contains it. That's why
       | marxism would have been impossible in ancient greece and there
       | was never a greek philosopher that advocated revolution or
       | seizing political power.
        
         | AlexandrB wrote:
         | Every Marxism-derived political system has been terrible for
         | the proletariat. I lived under communism for the first 6 years
         | of my life. What I remember is a tiny apartment, an elevator
         | that reeked of piss, having to store water in buckets because
         | you never knew when it would stop working, and wiping my ass
         | with yesterday's newspaper (which you obviously couldn't
         | flush).
         | 
         | Even at my poorest in Canada, I've never known such terrible
         | conditions. _If_ there is some value to Marxism, we have not
         | yet found a government system that can actually implement it.
         | 
         | Edit: What's even funnier is that my parents _were well-
         | educated professionals_. My dad a mechanical engineer and my
         | mom a lab tech. When my mom and I moved to Canada, my step-dad
         | was a janitor. Technically he owned a janitorial company, but
         | he was the only employee - basically a contractor. And yet,
         | under capitalism, he was able to afford a life far more lavish
         | than anything Communism would allow.
        
       | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
       | It appeals to them because it's everything they aren't.
       | Temperance and virtue? Please.
        
       | kittikitti wrote:
       | I absolutely hate Stoicism. It's used by people as a way to shut
       | me up when I'm expressing negativity about something "I can't
       | control". Almost everything about our lives, especially as we
       | transition to this rent based economy, is out of our control.
       | Stoicism just creates lonely people who are obsessed with
       | controlling things and others.
        
         | ChildOfChaos wrote:
         | This is nonsense though. How are people using stoicism to shut
         | you up? I've never seen anyone do that. If they are, they are
         | misunderstanding the intention.
         | 
         | Doing what you can control and focusing on that, doesn't mean
         | that you also don't speak up for change, because that is
         | entirely something you can still control. In fact it's
         | encouraged, because of stoic 'virtue', "That which you do the
         | right thing, that is all that matters"
         | 
         | If others are using it to shut up up, that is what is outside
         | of your control, you ignore it and do the right thing anyway.
         | 
         | Under stoicism, you would still push and advocate for change as
         | an individual, but you would understand that if the world
         | doesn't change or doesn't respond, that is out of your control,
         | but you can and should still excuse your right to do that,
         | because that is within your control.
         | 
         | The entire argument here seems to be missing the point.
        
         | surgical_fire wrote:
         | > I absolutely hate Stoicism.
         | 
         | You should exercise nore temperance. It is futile to hate
         | things you can't control.
        
         | cantrecallmypwd wrote:
         | Forget all -ists and -isms.
         | 
         | There is are discontinuous, spectrum of limits to locus-of-
         | control. It's important not to fall into either trap of
         | absolutist internal or external LoC. I think there are
         | generally too many people in wider humanity who adopt
         | defeatist, learned helplessness, external local-of-control
         | attitudes through sayings like "it's God's will" or "you can't
         | fight city hall".
        
       | lo_zamoyski wrote:
       | "stoicism's Providential claim that everything in the universe is
       | already perfect and that things which seem bad or unjust are
       | secretly good underneath (a claim Christianity borrowed from
       | Stoicism)"
       | 
       | This is obviously and patently false. Christianity recognizes
       | that God has both an active and permissive will. So, while God
       | actively wills the good, He does not actively will evil. This
       | would make God evil, which is incoherent. Rather, God _permits_
       | evil, but only to bring about some greater good. So, it isn 't
       | that the evil isn't really evil, and it isn't that God wills the
       | evil, but rather that the evil is permitted to occur to allow a
       | good to come out of it. We do not deny the evil or the suffering
       | it causes, but we embrace it and allow it to become an instrument
       | of the good. To refuse to suffer the inevitable and inescapable
       | evil that will be inflicted on us only produces more suffering,
       | but a fruitless kind (though potentially instrumentally fruitful
       | in that it may be instructive on this point). The Crucifixion is
       | the paradigmatic example of fruitful suffering and self-
       | sacrifice. The Crucifixion is tremendously evil, and according to
       | Christian theology, the greatest evil ever committed. But by
       | permitting this greatest of evils, God created the greatest of
       | sacrifices, so cosmically great, in fact, that it could pay the
       | price for all sin ever committed.
       | 
       | So, there's no complacency in Christianity, but it is cool-headed
       | and subjects the emotional to reason and moves by the authentic
       | love reason enables.
       | 
       | "stoicism predates the concept of human-generated progress by
       | more than a millennium. It doesn't teach us how to change the
       | terrible aspects of the world, it teaches us how to adapt
       | ourselves to them, and to accept them, presuming that they
       | fundamentally cannot be fixed."
       | 
       | Another divergence is that Christianity encourages the humble
       | discernment of what should be changed, what can be changed, and
       | what cannot be changed and what should not be changed. In
       | retrospect, this is common sense, and that is a good sign and to
       | its credit, but ideologically-possessed people can become
       | enraptured by a spirited and blind pursuit of some real or
       | perceived good and cause a good deal of destruction as a result.
       | There is a big difference between authentic zeal, which remains
       | firmly rooted in reason, and becoming blinded by one's passions.
        
         | AlexandrB wrote:
         | It's interesting, as well, to consider how much of "human
         | generated progress" is just technological progress. The core
         | flaws of human nature like greed or pride stubbornly refuse to
         | change. If you rolled back the industrial revolution I don't
         | think we'd be living in an equally free society where everyone
         | is just materially worse off but in something that probably
         | resembles the political and social climate of the time before
         | this technological leap occurred.
        
       | stared wrote:
       | If Stoicism appeals to the rich, I wonder if the same can be said
       | about Western Buddhism a la Alan Watts and other "everything is
       | love" spiritual philosophies?
       | 
       | From my anecdotal observations, these philosophies particularly
       | appeal to successful people - especially those recovering from
       | burnout or seeking balance in their careers. Think Burning Man's
       | tech hippies. And let's be honest: not every working-class person
       | can afford to take time off for a spiritual retreat. This dynamic
       | was brilliantly portrayed in the Black Mirror episode
       | "Smithereens".
       | 
       | To be clear - I am just as guilty as charged.
        
       | Melatonic wrote:
       | My interpretation was always that the Stoics were the more type-A
       | people while the people following Epicureanism were a bit more
       | hippie. Still lots of overlap
        
       | ChildOfChaos wrote:
       | Half the comment section seems to be entirely missing the point
       | of Stoicism.
       | 
       | Stoicism is not merely just accepting everything and allowing it
       | to happen, without pushing for advancement. That is absurd.
       | 
       | Under Stoicism, you would still push for that advancement and
       | speak up for it, as doing so is not living according to virtue or
       | nature (which Stoics defined our nature as our ability to
       | reason). It's just that you will focus within that on the things
       | that you can control, such as your own personal activism.
       | 
       | If anything it pushes people to do more in this area, not less.
       | Because often people feel helpless so don't do anything, Stoicism
       | would teach to do it anyway, because that is the part you can
       | control and the only way to live a life of virtue, what the world
       | does in reaction to that, is up to the world.
       | 
       | People that have a problem with this way of thinking/being seem
       | to have taken a reductionist version of the philosophy to argue
       | against it.
        
       | cantrecallmypwd wrote:
       | There are no rational arguments or pathos appeals to assuage the
       | greed and lust for power by the rich. They're too far gone and
       | immovable, especially when they have the personality defects
       | similar to malignant narcissism. They only respect strength.
        
         | AlexandrB wrote:
         | What do you think is the causative factor? Is it that the
         | greedy and narcissistic are able to amass wealth or that wealth
         | often changes you to be more greedy and narcissistic?
        
       | rqtwteye wrote:
       | I feel stoicism works reasonably well when your life goes
       | generally well. If your life is going very badly, I think it ends
       | up like a lot of positive thinking where you have to live in an
       | almost delusional world where you pretend things are good while
       | they really aren't
        
         | loughnane wrote:
         | My experience is the opposite. Stoicism (and those they
         | influenced like Plutarch, Emerson, Thoreau) helped me in hard
         | times.
         | 
         | It's divine getting to a point where you can at once care
         | deeply about something and yet realize it's fate is out of your
         | control---and so not break when that thing dies. Even
         | approaching that state by degrees is worthwhile, and I found
         | stoic thinking to help with it.
        
         | accrual wrote:
         | It's not able pretending things are good when they aren't. It's
         | about exercising your will against your mind and controlling
         | your thoughts and behaviors even when you cannot control your
         | external environment. Rich or poor - stoicism is about self
         | mastery.
         | 
         | If I lost everything and was in some terrible situation, I'd
         | rather be a stoic.
        
       | stephc_int13 wrote:
       | Stoicism and Protestantism are closely linked, and in my opinion
       | the former served as inspiration for the latter.
       | 
       | So given the historic dominance of the Protestant culture in
       | large parts of "the west", it should not be a surprise that rich
       | and powerful men find Stoicism appealing.
        
       | sourtrident wrote:
       | Funny how Silicon Valley and ancient Rome both use Stoicism to
       | justify ambition rather than avoid it. Sort of reminds me of yoga
       | retreats for CEOs - I mean, mastering inner peace while
       | negotiating billion-dollar deals feels suspiciously like having
       | your philosophical cake and eating it too.
        
         | nine_k wrote:
         | Japanese medieval samurai studied zen for the same reason: it
         | gives you the peace of mind, the skill of concentration, and
         | the contact with yourself that help noticeably when you don't
         | have time to contemplate, as in a sword fight. (May have other
         | benefits, too, but this seemed to be the evolutionary selection
         | driver.)
        
         | sdwr wrote:
         | If you are average, your thinking and emotional processing are
         | basically done for you - you have tons of examples of people
         | dealing with every challenge you face (in media, in your
         | immediate surroundings).
         | 
         | The people who need those internal resources are the people on
         | the edges of the bell curve - those with no control, and those
         | with (ostensibly) tons of control.
        
       | voidhorse wrote:
       | In theory stoicism's precepts are not bad, in practice, however,
       | I've rarely seen them amount to little more than an excuse for
       | obstinacy and ignorance toward legitimate problems and one's own
       | inadequacies. The modern day capitalist tech-bro peddled variant
       | of "stoicism" especially is often just used to justify a retreat
       | inward, and a failure to recognize one's own relationships to
       | others and one's own responsibility. Worse, it is a wholly
       | uncritical "philosophy" that encourages people to accept the
       | status quo rather than endeavor to make it better and change it.
        
         | missinglugnut wrote:
         | It's one of those traps where the people who need the
         | philosophy the least are most drawn to it.
         | 
         | If you're really emotionally disconnected, stoicism has an
         | intuitive appeal because it justifies what you already do.
         | Although, there a distinction people miss here, observing an
         | emotion and letting it pass is far different from denying the
         | emotion in the first place.
         | 
         | On the opposite side, people who go through life dumping and
         | blaming their emotions on others are very quick to label
         | stoicism as toxic, when it's the philosophy that could help
         | them the most.
         | 
         | It's just one of those things, by definition we can't see our
         | own blindspots.
        
       | kayo_20211030 wrote:
       | As I type this there are 239 comments on a piece that's 6 years
       | old, and also pretty poor to begin with.
       | 
       | So, stuff happens, and you just put up with it? That's anti-
       | human. What are you? A leaf in a stream? Dammit, you have agency.
       | 
       | Nothing good would _ever_ have happened were we all so passive.
       | No wonder the rich and powerful like it, nothing they want to
       | work actually works unless you have a bunch of passive, stoical,
       | individuals. Sheep, basically.
        
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