[HN Gopher] America Is Missing The New Labor Economy - Robotics ...
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       America Is Missing The New Labor Economy - Robotics Part 1
        
       Author : lasermatts
       Score  : 129 points
       Date   : 2025-03-11 11:25 UTC (11 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (semianalysis.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (semianalysis.com)
        
       | tartuffe78 wrote:
       | Who will buy the phones when no one is paid to produce them? The
       | cars? The food and the clothes? Wealth keeps concentrating
       | upward, great leaps in efficiency and throughput, but I can't see
       | how it's a sustainable model for continued consumption growth
       | year after year.
        
         | Tadpole9181 wrote:
         | This is where discussions of post-scarcity and post-labor
         | economy come in, like UBI. We keep kicking the can down the
         | road on that front, but this is _going_ to happen and we need
         | to establish such a sustainable model.
         | 
         | Unfortunately, it really seems like the plan is to strip the
         | house of the copper for billionaires to become trillionaires,
         | then burn down the house with the rest of us inside.
        
           | sharemywin wrote:
           | 1. there are limits to natural resources.
           | 
           | 2. UBI is basically keeping humans as pets.
           | 
           | 3. what value do billionaires bring to the table if their
           | insight and wisdom can be replicated by a machine.
        
             | RealityVoid wrote:
             | > 2. UBI is basically keeping humans as pets.
             | 
             | That's one way of looking at it. Another is that humans
             | will find other ways of exploring and spending time that
             | doesn't necessitate productivity. I would love to be FIRE,
             | for example. A lot of people will love it. Some won't, and
             | they will work.
             | 
             | I think UBI is not there yet, but a hallmark of this is the
             | rise of influencers and time burned on media and Netflix.
             | This tells me that leisure time is rising and we have the
             | economic capability of sustaining non-productive
             | activities.
             | 
             | But we're not there _yet_. I don't fear the inevitability
             | of UBI in my lifetime for example. But I'm confident we'll
             | be able to devise a useful system when we get there. In the
             | end, we didn't have capitalism untill we thought up this
             | system. There is surely another kind of system we could
             | have converged to, I seriously doubt it's some magical rule
             | of nature. But we did not, we wound up here. We'll end up
             | in another place at some point.
        
               | kcb wrote:
               | I don't think anyone would choose to work in any way like
               | today, especially if work is focused on generating wealth
               | with a large portion of it being redistributed. Work
               | would have to change to something more like volunteerism.
        
               | RealityVoid wrote:
               | Well, many people would choose to work for the extra
               | income that would bring them. Or some other status symbol
               | that working could bring, welfare won't bring you that
               | Rolex! Or some cultural shift that makes certain work
               | "cool" (1). Or just fostering a sense of community and
               | mission for doing certain work. People do many many many
               | things motivated by other things than money. I agree that
               | it's only a subset of the population, but if you decrease
               | the work input needs to less than that percent of the
               | population, that's doable. Still, as I said, we're not
               | there yet and I believe we won't be there yet for a long
               | long time.
               | 
               | 1. Sometimes I wonder if the state shouldn't hire one of
               | those fancy firms to push cultural outlooks about stuff
               | to change. They have campaigns, but they mostly suck. If
               | you put money on the table and say "hey, marketing
               | company, by each 1% you improve this behavior you get x
               | million dollars" I'm sure that would help motivation.
        
               | razakel wrote:
               | >Another is that humans will find other ways of exploring
               | and spending time that doesn't necessitate productivity.
               | 
               | Take just about any British musician from the past 50
               | years - the ones who weren't middle or upper class almost
               | all say that being on welfare (the dole) was what gave
               | them the time and freedom to be creatives.
               | 
               | UB40, for example, are literally named for the
               | application form.
        
               | themaninthedark wrote:
               | I think that there are definitely people who have been on
               | welfare and used it to better themselves and there are
               | people who thrive in the face of adversity, overcoming
               | the worst situations.
               | 
               | I also think that there are a large number of people who
               | ended up lost without direction or purpose.
               | 
               | People are weird and different.
        
               | RealityVoid wrote:
               | Fully agree. But I do believe that cultural norms and
               | societal expectations and what people push you to do with
               | your life play a big role, so these are all levers to be
               | pulled if you want to make a more self-driven population.
        
               | netsharc wrote:
               | > I also think that there are a large number of people
               | who ended up lost without direction or purpose.
               | 
               | People on welfare? I can imagine a lot of these people
               | "accept" that the goal is to get themselves out of
               | welfare, ASAP (especially if there's a deadline), but
               | they can't see a way to that goal - e.g. applying for
               | jobs but getting rejected left and right, and feeling
               | dejected.
               | 
               | With utopian UBI, one would be free to do what they
               | want.. even if it's just jagging off the whole day.
        
             | Tadpole9181 wrote:
             | This isn't a rebuttal, the only solution you're allowing
             | space for is "kill everyone". The universe is finite and
             | all things end.
             | 
             | 1. We aren't close to exhausting our resources and we're
             | getting better at minimization and reuse. We need to spend
             | money on cultural initiatives that discourage consumerism
             | and reduce waste. The bigger issues are not the limited
             | resources in, but the nasty things going out: the stability
             | of the biosphere is far more important and 100,000,000
             | people in America outright reject the responsibility.
             | 
             | 2. No, it's not. Or is disability and child welfare and
             | Medicare and veterans care all keeping them as pets too?
             | It's called taking care of your people. Anyway, glad you're
             | proposing solutions too.
             | 
             | 3. They're leeches and need to be removed. Tax wealth and
             | productivity gains from automation to pay for UBI.
        
             | alabastervlog wrote:
             | > 2. UBI is basically keeping humans as pets.
             | 
             | UBI is similar to confining an animal? Deciding what and
             | when it eats, when it bathes, where it goes? Training it,
             | whether it likes it or not? Deciding whether it gets
             | medical care? Whether it gets to have companions of its own
             | kind?
             | 
             | I thought it was giving people money.
        
               | Loughla wrote:
               | I mean, depending on the amount, yes it could be deciding
               | all of the things you said. You would be limited in your
               | choices depending on how much the ubi actually is.
        
               | alabastervlog wrote:
               | Right now I get zero ubi so I guess I am even more
               | limited on all of those, and am even more a pet.
        
             | mitthrowaway2 wrote:
             | > 3. what value do billionaires bring to the table
             | 
             | It's a good question. The Reagan-era response would be that
             | having billionaires inspires people to work hard, take
             | risks, come up with ideas and better themselves. In a post-
             | scarcity era where the only route to wealth is capital, and
             | machines handle the hard work and ideas, I'm not sure what
             | benefit remains from having billionaires. What good are
             | incentives at that point?
        
         | Teever wrote:
         | Imagine a near term scenario where a humanoid domestic robot
         | that can do the dishes and laundry goes on sale for about the
         | price of a luxury car. boomers who want to stay out of the
         | retirement home for as long as possible will snap that up.
         | 
         | Now imagine it's been a few years and one of these robots that
         | used to go for the price of a nice car is outdated and can be
         | bought for a couple grand and with a couple grand for a
         | replaced battery and maybe upgraded hands for more dexterity.
         | 
         | Let's say an industrious young hacker gets their hands on this
         | device and after fixing it up and jailbreaking it decided to
         | get it to do stuff -- what's the first thing they should get it
         | to do?
         | 
         | Why not see if it can assemble a copy of itself -- if you find
         | a genie in a lamp why not ask it for more wishes?
         | 
         | The second a certain kind of mind gets their hands on a self-
         | replicator is the second everything for humanity changes, the
         | economy will never be the same because any task that used to be
         | bottlenecked by materials or labor is now more or less
         | bottlenecked only by the time it takes self replicators to
         | build copies of themselves to divide and conquer the task.
        
           | sharemywin wrote:
           | I don't think the costs go to zero though for that.
        
           | thijson wrote:
           | I've seen this plot in various movies, TV shows, and books.
           | It definitely is a possibility. In the Dune universe the AI's
           | are banned after a war against them.
        
           | allturtles wrote:
           | > The economy will never be the same because any task that
           | used to be bottlenecked by materials or labor is now more or
           | less bottlenecked only by the time it takes self replicators
           | to build copies of themselves to divide and conquer the task.
           | 
           | Wouldn't these self-replicators also be bottlenecked by
           | materials and other infrastructure? Does each one have a
           | semiconductor fab, mining equipment, metal foundry, etc,
           | built-in? I also don't see how you get from a laundry robot
           | to a self-replicator through garage tinkering, those seem
           | very far apart.
        
             | alnwlsn wrote:
             | I always wonder when people say things like that. What's
             | the first thing a humanoid robot with human like
             | intelligence do when you tell it to make a copy of itself?
             | 
             | Does it set up a backyard forge and start to cast new arms
             | and legs out of discarded cans? Does it finish the parts on
             | a manual Bridgeport or does it carve them out manually with
             | a hand file?
             | 
             | When it needs silicon chips, does it make them itself or
             | try to order more from the company that made it? Will it
             | become a right to repair activist when it finds out the
             | company won't sell components to individuals?
             | 
             | Maybe it has to pay for all this with a part time job at
             | the local fast food joint.
        
               | Teever wrote:
               | All of the above, and more.
               | 
               | Assuming a humanoid robot with human like intelligence it
               | may also be able to enlist humans to accomplish it's
               | task, either by paying them directly, or through
               | intermediaries, or deceiving them into helping it.
               | 
               | If it is capable to human like intelligence and
               | creativity it may be able to pioneer new manufacturing
               | processes -- perhaps it will learn to grow parts for
               | itself by using existing biological processes in ways
               | that we haven't yet figured out.
               | 
               | The point isn't so much the how with a self replicator,
               | the point is the exponential growth rate. You're right
               | that the first machine will take a long time to build the
               | second, but those two will certainly be able to build
               | twice as many in at least the same amount of time --
               | probably less because they can use the infrastructure
               | that the first set up to build the second.
               | 
               | Once humans make machines that are capable of self
               | replication regardless of where it is on the spectrum
               | from base matter and energy assembly to just off the
               | shelf parts assembly you're going to see exponential
               | growth.
               | 
               | And once certain kinds of creative people get their hands
               | on these machines they will inevitably jailbreak them and
               | make them work for them instead of the companies that
               | will try and lock this kind of stuff down like they
               | always try to do.
               | 
               | The war on general purpose computing will transition into
               | a war on general purpose manufacturing and the same kind
               | of people who want ot sell you devices that you can't
               | compile software for without a license will try to do the
               | same with self replicating hardware but they will fail.
        
           | kcb wrote:
           | I think you've described the second thing a young hacker may
           | get it to do...
        
           | ramses0 wrote:
           | https://reprap.org/wiki/RepRap
        
         | markus_zhang wrote:
         | UBI is probably going to happen I think. But I don't think it's
         | going to achieve much. Yes it's going to give common people
         | some foothold, but with automation and AI I really doubt we
         | need that many jobs, and unemployment rate is going to be high
         | anyway. The elites are going to throw UBI as a bone and then
         | they can do whatever they want.
         | 
         | And that's it -- A cyberpunk future where elites can pretty
         | much ignore the common people.
         | 
         | Am I too pessimistic and/or narrow-minded? Maybe. But I don't
         | think AI and AI powered robotics replacing humans is the same
         | as trains replacing wagons.
         | 
         | We will see.
         | 
         |  _Edit_
         | 
         | The reason I think UBI won't fix much is, UBI cannot give
         | people purposes to live. Obviously we already have enough
         | material wealth for everyone and UBI is just a confirmation.
         | But "meaning" is always a luxury, and will be more so when less
         | people need to work.
        
           | llamaimperative wrote:
           | UBI won't fix much for a far more trivial and mechanistic
           | reason: adding $1,000/mo to everyone's income merely gives
           | landlords the ability to charge ($1,000*n bedrooms)/mo more
           | in rent.
        
             | markus_zhang wrote:
             | I think this can be fixed with social housing. Not a
             | fundamental issue but yes I agree this is an issue.
             | 
             | The UBI in my mind is not $$$ but merchandises and services
             | coupons.
        
             | bryanlarsen wrote:
             | Landlords have pricing power because people have to live
             | close to their jobs. If UBI lets people move freely,
             | landlords lose their pricing power.
        
             | krapp wrote:
             | Landlords can't simply arbitrarily raise rents like that.
             | If they could, they would already charge every individual
             | tenant 100% of their income. Renting is a market like any
             | other, and markets have limits and competition. The renters
             | that do try to increase rent by $1000 will simply not have
             | tenants anymore, and those that didn't, would, because UBI
             | means people can basically move anywhere, any time they
             | like.
        
               | llamaimperative wrote:
               | It's not "arbitrary." It's raising rents for the same
               | reason rents are ever raised: people's
               | willingness/ability to pay has gone up.
               | 
               | That can happen because of a new subway station, a hot
               | new employer nearby, or simply because money appeared in
               | their pockets.
               | 
               | If money were no object, _more_ people would live in high
               | COL areas, not fewer. You know this is true because you
               | see it in the prices.
               | 
               | To prevent rent increases you'd need people all to have
               | $n appeared in their pockets _and to have a pact not to
               | then spend $n to upgrade their living arrangements._ The
               | cruel irony of course being if everyone attempts to
               | upgrade, then no one achieves an upgrade but they do
               | achieve spending their new money!
        
               | krapp wrote:
               | Does your rent go up by the precise amount of your
               | increase in income every year? Mine doesn't. My landlord
               | isn't checking my W2 or tax statements for extra rent
               | money, that isn't how it works.
               | 
               | The assumption that all rents, everywhere, would go up by
               | the amount of UBI is the definition of "arbitrary."
        
               | llamaimperative wrote:
               | Are we talking about one person's income going up, or
               | knowably every single person's income going up by a known
               | amount?
               | 
               | When minimum wage rises, yes rents rise.
               | 
               | When high paying employers come to an area, yes rents
               | rise.
               | 
               | These are a lot more random/diffuse in the market than
               | UBI is, but they still cause the same effect.
               | 
               | Can you please explain why rents go up at all?
        
               | krapp wrote:
               | >Are we talking about one person's income going up, or
               | knowably every single person's income going up by a known
               | amount?
               | 
               | What does it matter?
               | 
               | You're claiming landlords have the ability to set rents
               | directly based on a tenant's income.
               | 
               | Rents _can_ rise based on minimum wage, but all renters
               | do not raise their rents precisely by the increase in
               | minimum wage.
               | 
               | And when high paying employers come to an area, not all
               | renters raise rents accordingly.
               | 
               | You're ignoring that market forces exist affecting rent
               | other than the simple greed of landlords. Not _every_
               | landlord would increase rent by the amount of UBI because
               | there is an obvious market opportunity in not doing so,
               | and because not every property could justify that, even
               | with UBI.
        
               | ryandrake wrote:
               | No landlord is looking at a particular tenant's income
               | under the microscope and adjusting their rent. But, of
               | course they do it in aggregate based on averages. UBI
               | shifts the overall demand curve, and every supplier of
               | goods will adjust their prices proportionally.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | > You're claiming landlords have the ability to set rents
               | directly based on a tenant's income.
               | 
               | I'm a landlord. My agent figures out the rent to charge
               | on my behalf. They do this by making an informed guess as
               | to what the market can bear -- sometimes they've been
               | wrong, and had to reduce the asking rate.
               | 
               | That is, mechanistically, _how_ they discover what the
               | market can bear.
               | 
               | If everyone gets PS1000 UBI money each month, everyone
               | can afford to pay PS1000 more rent than before. Some
               | agents will guess this means everyone can afford PS500
               | more rent, some will guess higher, some will guess lower.
               | They'll discover through this process of guessing and
               | seeing what happens, how much people can actually pay.
               | 
               | This is complicated by all the other concurrent changes,
               | including:
               | 
               | (1) the scenario of no-more-work-needed suggests that
               | some of the tenants will move to wherever the rent is
               | lowest rather than where their previous commute was
               | shortest
               | 
               | (2) no-more-work-possible meaning money supply goes
               | _down_ rather than up
               | 
               | (3) people won't need to spend a huge amount of money
               | commuting, not just time, which may increase personal
               | money supply (just not by as much as the loss of income
               | from not working)
               | 
               | (4) if they actually like the homes enough to want to
               | spend all day in them, rather 5 hours awake and inside
               | because the other 19 hours of the day are 8 asleep, 2
               | commuting, 8 working, and 1 lunch break; UBI being
               | claimed by 500 people who all officially live in the same
               | 1 bed flat in a Norfolk village, but they're all actually
               | spending their money on living in relatively cheap safari
               | cabins in Botswana or whatever, is a very different
               | dynamic than everyone staying put to keep close to
               | friends and family.
               | 
               | (On the plus side, if we have robot workers so cheap
               | there's no point hiring humans any more, then we may also
               | get a lot more high-quality housing for a price of next-
               | to-nothing).
        
               | Libcat99 wrote:
               | A broad UBI plan would likely not have every single
               | person's income going up by a known amount, either.
               | 
               | Most of the plans I've seen taper off and then become a
               | tax at certain income levels.
        
               | llamaimperative wrote:
               | Taking the U and the B out of UBI? They should pick a
               | different name.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | Additional income is not additional willingness to pay
               | 100% of that income forthe currently-purchased quality
               | and quantity of one particular good or service, and _even
               | if it was_ that 's a demand shift which without a supply
               | change, will still result in a smaller increase in rent.
               | 
               | UBI, which any realistic method of implementing makes a
               | _shift_ in income from somewhere higher on the income
               | spectrum to somewhere lower (the exact shift being
               | defined by the UBI level and financing mechanism), most
               | likely (if it replaces existing means tested welfare
               | programs) most favoring a level somewhere above where
               | current welfare programs start tapering off, does have
               | some predictable price effects, but they aren 't "all
               | rents go up by an amount equal to the UBI amount times
               | the number of recipients typically living in similar
               | units".
               | 
               | First order, they are some price increases across goods
               | and services disproportionately demanded by the group
               | benefitting in net, with some price decreases across
               | those disproportionately demanded by the group paying in
               | net. These will vary by elasticity, but in total should
               | effect some (but less than total) compression of the time
               | money shift, reducing somewhat the real cost to those
               | paying and the real benefit to those receiving, but with
               | less effect on those paying because of lower marginal
               | propensity to spend with higher income.
               | 
               | Beyond first order is more complicated because you have
               | to work through demand changes,and supply chnages caused
               | by labor market changes from reduced economic coercion,
               | increased labor market mobility and ability to retrain
               | for more-preferred jobs, which are going to decreased
               | supply for some jobs, increase supply for others (though
               | on different schedules), etc.
        
               | gopher_space wrote:
               | > It's not "arbitrary." It's raising rents for the same
               | reason rents are ever raised: people's
               | willingness/ability to pay has gone up.
               | 
               | The only landlords who can afford to operate this way own
               | many, many units. A long term tenant who pays in a
               | _predictable manner_ and isn 't actively damaging
               | property is worth their weight in gold, and you can't
               | afford to roll the dice on the next tenant unless you're
               | able to spread the risk and _cost of the churn_ around.
        
               | llamaimperative wrote:
               | All rents are set by the market's willingness and ability
               | to pay.
               | 
               | No matter whether you're the 40th percentile (a vacancy-
               | sensitive landlord) on price or the 90th (a vacancy-
               | insensitive landlord), _the dollar value of the
               | underlying distribution_ is defined by the market 's
               | willingness and ability to pay. If that goes up, the
               | entire distribution moves to the right.
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | No, it doesn't, and the proof of that is that landlords
             | don't already charge 100% of income.
             | 
             | You seem to be assuming housing rental is an perfectly
             | monopolistic market, which it isn't, and any place where it
             | even loosely approximates that needs to correct that
             | whether or not UBI is adopted.
        
               | llamaimperative wrote:
               | Okay then you tell me: why do rents go up at all?
        
               | sdenton4 wrote:
               | Because the landlords use price-fixing software.
               | 
               | https://www.justice.gov/archives/opa/pr/justice-
               | department-s...
        
               | ryandrake wrote:
               | Most participants in mature markets know approximately
               | what percentage of the public's wallet they can grab.
               | Obviously it's not 100% for any of them, but they all
               | know what they can get away with.
               | 
               | My guess is that if UBI added $1,000/mo to everyone's
               | income, landlords would respond by raising rent by about
               | $400-$500 or so, grocery stores would raise their prices
               | by a percentage of that new income, and so on for all
               | businesses, until all $1,000 was soaked up and the public
               | is no better off than they were before.
        
               | llamaimperative wrote:
               | Very obviously correct^
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | This seems reductive. Not all goods have inelastic demand
               | and no substitutes or alternatives. Not every industry is
               | supply limited. Said differently, not everything is
               | immune to competition.
               | 
               | If cost of housing goes up, building and moving become
               | more attractive by comparison. Instead of saving 500/mo
               | by commuting, now you might save $1000 by relocating.
               | 
               | Rate limit edit: I said commuting, not going going to
               | live in some random place.
        
               | jacobgkau wrote:
               | > If cost of housing goes up, building and moving become
               | more attractive by comparison.
               | 
               | Do you think "just move away from the city centers (where
               | all the jobs that you used to need are) to random middle-
               | of-nowhere wherever-we-have-space" will hold forever, and
               | won't trail off once the initial phenomenon of everyone
               | dispersing is finished?
        
               | outside1234 wrote:
               | One market where we see this effect, I think, is
               | university education.
               | 
               | Access to cheap loans has lead to an explosion in costs.
        
               | charlie0 wrote:
               | Beat me to it and you're absolutely right. There's no
               | need to guess what's going to happen here, we've already
               | seen what happens elsewhere when the government injects a
               | lot of money.
        
               | tzs wrote:
               | I'm not so sure about that. A few years ago I looked for
               | historical university cost data. I didn't find much, but
               | when I graphed what I did find I did not see any
               | noticeable change in the rate costs grew between before
               | the availability of cheap loans and after their
               | availability.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > My guess is that if UBI added $1,000/mo to everyone's
               | income
               | 
               | Aside from whether the prediction is realistic under this
               | assumption, UBI under any realistic financing scheme
               | _doesn 't do that_. It replaces (and potentially
               | increases the net benefit of) means-tested welfare at the
               | bottom end of the income distribution and spreads the
               | clawback from a set of relatively sharp cliffs that occur
               | between working poor and middle income levels to a much
               | more gradual effective trail-off over nearly the whole
               | income distribution as part of progressive income
               | taxation.
        
               | tzs wrote:
               | Has anyone considered something like UBI but instead of
               | income make it UBG--Universal Basic Goods.
               | 
               | The idea would be that when automation advances to the
               | point that something can be made with very little labor
               | the government would build automated factories to produce
               | that thing and make the output available for free.
               | 
               | There would still be room for private companies to make
               | those things too. They could make fancier or higher end
               | models for those people who want something more than the
               | free models from the government.
        
               | mitthrowaway2 wrote:
               | - Are you assuming that all these people _also_ have
               | employment income on top of their UBI? Or only UBI? The
               | premise upthread seemed to be UBI in response to mass
               | unemployment caused by automation. Are you sure renters
               | will still have more money in their pockets, even with
               | UBI?
               | 
               | - If they don't have employment, and incomes are $0, then
               | in the absence of UBI, would rent also drop to $0? If
               | not, then I think we're better off with UBI.
               | 
               | - These higher prices for rent and groceries seem like
               | strong incentives for competition. Maybe we can't expect
               | that in NIMBY San Francisco, but without a jobs market,
               | the only attraction to live there is the weather. Why not
               | move somewhere cheaper?
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > Are you assuming that all these people also have
               | employment income on top of their UBI
               | 
               | Any system with UBI requires other sources of income to
               | exist (thr absence of such sources means that nothing of
               | value is being produced for exchange, in which case any
               | money printed is basically monopoly money and how you
               | distribute it doesn't matter because it isn't doing
               | anything), and a major premise of UBI has always been
               | that it enables those transitionally deprived of income
               | more freedom to reconfigure their lives and ramp up these
               | sources of income (and does so with less redundant--with
               | the progressive tax system--bureaucratic overhead) than
               | do means- and behavior-tested welfare programs.
               | 
               | The particular mix of available other forms of income
               | between wage labor, independent business, or capital
               | don't really change the basic arguments.
        
               | mitthrowaway2 wrote:
               | Well, my question implies that being a landlord would be
               | a remaining source of income, for starters. But if that
               | landlord also owns the automated farms and factories
               | producing consumer goods without labor, then the people
               | they're renting to really might not have any other
               | income. At any rate, where a UBI is substituting for
               | employment income that someone used to earn, but is no
               | longer able to, then I don't think the renter gains
               | purchasing power to pay more for rent. (They do gain free
               | time though).
        
               | jacobgkau wrote:
               | I had to move out of an apartment a few years ago and
               | into a spare half-story at a friend's house. The
               | apartment was attempting to raise my rent, while not to
               | 100% of my income (yet), a significant amount. Their
               | excuse was "that's the market rate now," and when I told
               | them to F off and went to check other nearby apartments,
               | they were correct, that was the "market rate."
               | 
               | I have absolutely zero doubt that if the government had
               | paid me the difference they were trying to charge (as UBI
               | or any other stipend), they would've raised the rate
               | again by the same amount very quickly. In fact, going by
               | the idea that supply & demand are what caused that
               | (rather than simple landlord greed that I generally see
               | it as), UBI _definitely_ can 't fix it, since UBI will
               | not increase supply or decrease demand-- they'll still
               | need to charge just enough that some people can't afford
               | it in order for there to be "enough."
               | 
               | You're somewhat correct in that the solution (building
               | more housing, I guess) is not really related to UBI.
        
               | jimbokun wrote:
               | This argument applies equally to never increasing
               | anyone's wages. If income goes up for anyone, rent will
               | instantly rise to match the increase.
               | 
               | (It's not clear why this only applies to rent and not
               | other things people spend money on.)
        
               | llamaimperative wrote:
               | This is correct, it does apply to all forms of wage
               | increases. I wouldn't say "instantly," but yes that's why
               | cities are perpetually expensive despite constantly
               | increasing productivity. They are highly productive ergo
               | they have high wages ergo they can sustain high rents
               | ergo they _have_ high rents ergo they  "are expensive"
               | compared to adjacent markets.
               | 
               | Mentioned above but I'll put it here too for other
               | readers: the reason rent is unique is that in high COL
               | areas, it's driven primarily by the price of land which
               | is has zero supply elasticity. Higher prices induce
               | supply in all other forms of goods and services.
        
               | jimbokun wrote:
               | High cost of housing and rent is driven just as much by
               | regulations preventing new housing from being built.
        
             | jimbokun wrote:
             | Applying it to rent is arbitrary. The general point is that
             | it is inflationary for all goods and services.
             | 
             | That is assuming UBI is funded through government borrowing
             | as we saw with COVID stimulus. If funded through new taxes
             | the inflationary impact should be much less.
             | 
             | (I don't have enough economic training to determine how
             | much less.)
        
               | llamaimperative wrote:
               | Well it's not quite arbitrary because it will induce
               | supply in other goods and services. Rent in high COL
               | areas is driven primarily by land rent (i.e. cost of
               | land, regardless of whether that land is actually rented
               | to the building on top of it or not), which has zero
               | supply elasticity.
               | 
               | And then the other portion of rent (the building itself)
               | is also pretty darn supply-inelastic as well, though not
               | entirely.
        
           | dttze wrote:
           | This is the optimistic take. The reality is they will find
           | some way to cull the unwanted poor. These elites in power are
           | stupid, cruel, spiteful, and have no sense of decency.
        
             | markus_zhang wrote:
             | If they don't adopt UBI then some populist politicians are
             | gonna raise a flag and grab some power.
             | 
             | They don't really need those lower end resources anyway. I
             | think they are OK to give them away just in case.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | > If they don't adopt UBI then some populist politicians
               | are gonna raise a flag and grab some power.
               | 
               | Only in a democracy.
               | 
               | China has elections, but is also a one-party state. Given
               | the culture (thinking in terms of the group rather than
               | the individual), I think they may actually want UBI
               | anyway.
               | 
               | America is a democracy right now, but such things have
               | been known to change before. Doesn't even need to be all
               | at once -- say the US disenfranchised convicted felons,
               | that would mean the sitting president wouldn't be allowed
               | to vote... and because I google before posting comments,
               | wouldn't you know it, this is already a thing the states
               | do: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felony_disenfranchiseme
               | nt_in_t...
               | 
               | (I don't know how accurate the book title is, does the
               | average American really commit 3 per day?
               | https://www.amazon.de/-/en/Three-Felonies-Day-Target-
               | Innocen...)
        
               | jimbokun wrote:
               | The trouble is those populist politicians, in the US at
               | least, are the very same billionaires at the top of the
               | system who have somehow convinced the working class
               | people they are on their side.
        
             | hnthrow90348765 wrote:
             | What I think will happen is the US tries to mimic China by
             | creating an even lower class of our workers that form a new
             | industrial/manufacturing base to compete with.
             | 
             | This becomes less of a difficult pill to swallow if a)
             | we're involved in a trade war, b) the economy has crashed
             | and we must work our way out of it "for the country", c)
             | the right people get enough money.
             | 
             | They're too smart for mass murder because that would
             | actually spark a resistance, not to mention get other
             | nations involved. I don't think a sweatshop labor economy
             | will spark a resistance because we can't even resist our
             | current labor abuses (and neither can that segment of
             | China's population).
        
           | ben_w wrote:
           | If "meaning" was a good argument against UBI, then nobody
           | would want pensions, because UBI is exactly the same as
           | setting the state pension age to zero.
        
             | slothtrop wrote:
             | Leaving aside that older people aren't as enthused about FT
             | work they've known for 30 years, many of them keep jobs or
             | get bored and lonely without them. Not everyone wants to
             | sit around crafting useless projects, or consuming.
             | Creating value for others and connecting ( _and_ status
             | signaling) can provide meaning, and granted in retirement
             | there are other vectors for that made available such as
             | volunteering.
             | 
             | It's not a good argument against UBI, but there are better
             | arguments against UBI.
        
               | markus_zhang wrote:
               | I think volunteering could actually solve part of that.
               | Butarge scale of volunteering work, thinking about the
               | scale of unemployment in the future, might need
               | governments to step in to create them.
        
               | AngryData wrote:
               | You don't have to make a binary choice between work and
               | useless craft projects. Community projects and helping
               | other people in their more meaningful projects can be
               | useful and be fulfilling and make someone feel
               | accomplished. Part of the problem with working as much as
               | possible until retirement age is you never build any
               | community presence or report and don't often make friends
               | doing their own projects that would need your help.
        
           | elcritch wrote:
           | The elites leaving common folk relatively alone would be a
           | best case scenario. If people are free to build and supply
           | for themselves with UBI then life wouldn't be bad.
           | 
           | Problem is elites usually want control. Oh you're running
           | small scale manufacturing with open source AI and robots?
           | That'll be a fine for "safety" reasons. Look at California
           | requiring permits for everything.
        
           | chasd00 wrote:
           | by "UBI" i think you just mean everyone, except for a few,
           | will be on food stamps.
        
             | nartho wrote:
             | Do you have data to back up this claim or is this just bar
             | talk ?
        
           | feoren wrote:
           | I too worry about a future where the rich no longer have any
           | need for the poor. I think the scenario where the rich end up
           | just giving the poor a bit of money each month is an
           | extremely optimistic one. Much more realistic is a slow
           | genocide, where the poor simply die en masse in the streets
           | due to having no homes, food, and healthcare, while such
           | homelessness becomes both increasingly more unavoidable and
           | more illegal.
           | 
           | And before talk about violent uprisings and guillotines:
           | surveillance and law enforcement are also becoming
           | increasingly more powerful and automated. The French
           | Revolution might have turned out differently if the
           | Bourgeoisie had cameras on every street corner and AI-powered
           | murder drones.
        
           | opan wrote:
           | >The reason I think UBI won't fix much is, UBI cannot give
           | people purposes to live. Obviously we already have enough
           | material wealth for everyone and UBI is just a confirmation.
           | But "meaning" is always a luxury, and will be more so when
           | less people need to work.
           | 
           | I agree that people will still want/need meaning, and some
           | may lose it, along with their jobs, but having the money for
           | basic needs by default gives you the ability to explore your
           | interests with less risk. You can spend 6 months learning to
           | paint or program or write stories without worrying about food
           | and bills if UBI is properly implemented. If you miss your
           | tech support job, you can go idle in 30 channels on Libera
           | and help people that wander in asking questions about
           | whatever software.
           | 
           | What am I missing here? People giving up without trying to
           | find something to do? People who feel useless if they aren't
           | the family breadwinner? I personally look forward to a day
           | when most people don't need to work, and instead can "work"
           | on what they choose.
        
         | jvanderbot wrote:
         | You cannot do everything with robotics, no matter what those
         | selling you robots will claim.
         | 
         | There will always be demand for those supporting the machines
         | that make things. Tech will still require humans.
         | 
         | The goal should be to make as many things as China and EU with
         | a USA population.
        
           | fragmede wrote:
           | Everything, sure, but that doesn't mean we shouldn't try to
           | have them do the things they can.
        
         | ryandrake wrote:
         | > Who will buy the phones when no one is paid to produce them?
         | The cars? The food and the clothes?
         | 
         | Other wealthy people. I knew someone in the yacht-building
         | business who would say "If you want a business that will last,
         | sell to rich people--they're the ones who have money." We are
         | very quickly moving towards a world where the economic activity
         | (earning + spending + producing) of the median person is
         | insignificant next to the activity of the very rich. There are
         | individuals who have more wealth than the GDP of entire
         | countries.
         | 
         | We're bifurcating into a society like the movie Elysium: A
         | relatively small number of wealthy people who matter to the
         | economy, and a huge number scraping by day to day whose
         | economic activity amounts to a rounding error in the grand
         | scheme of things.
        
           | netsharc wrote:
           | The Uberfication of the workforce is incredible to see: you
           | work when the algorithms tell you there's work, you'll get
           | paid what it wants to pay you.
           | 
           | Cheap transport, cheap postage, cheap delivery of foods...
        
           | hangsi wrote:
           | Tell that to the Pierce-Arrow company: makers of the first
           | official cars for the white house, but they didn't survive
           | cash flow problems from the great depression. Meanwhile, Ford
           | survives.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierce-Arrow_Motor_Car_Company
        
           | atrus wrote:
           | But the wealthy don't _spend_ their money.
           | 
           | A billionaire doesn't spend more money than a million people
           | on...anything probably.
        
           | hsuduebc2 wrote:
           | Wealthy people would buy hundreds of millions of different
           | phones? I strongly doubt it. Luxurious electronics for very
           | rich people is usually something like iphone with diamonds
           | covered back. This solves nothing and creates zero
           | innovations.
        
             | onemoresoop wrote:
             | Maybe they'll subsidise them so they can monitor us
             | 24/7/365
        
           | dgfitz wrote:
           | Have you ever read _Atlas Shrugged_? When I read comments
           | like yours, my head goes there.
        
             | mitthrowaway2 wrote:
             | I have read Atlas Shrugged, but I'm not sure how to
             | interpret your comment.
        
           | themaninthedark wrote:
           | If I was running a busniess, all tings being equal, I would
           | rather sell 1,000 units at $100 than 10 units at $10,000.
           | 
           | The more customers I have, the less risk there is if I lose a
           | customer. The less I have to bow to my customers whims.
           | 
           | If one of the 10 people ask me to hire their cousin, I might
           | have to do that. If one of the 1,000 people ask me to do so,
           | probably not.
        
         | treis wrote:
         | The West more or less doesn't pay the people who produce phones
         | today. Partially because they don't make much and partially
         | because of the trade imbalance.
        
         | bufferoverflow wrote:
         | When all the labor (physical or mental) is automated, you've
         | basically solved a huge problem for humanity. Doesn't matter
         | who owns the robots. They either share the products of the
         | labor for close to nothing, or they are producing for
         | themselves only. Someone will produce for the population.
        
         | ChuckMcM wrote:
         | There is an interesting twist here. "Socialist" and "Communist"
         | economic models where those who can't work are supported by
         | spreading a portion of the GDP produced by an economy to
         | support those (whether it is UBI or a 'free' living space,
         | whatever) are more able to make the transition to a robotic
         | workforce.
         | 
         | In the US, if we transformed to a robotic manufacturing base
         | today our oligarchs would horde all of the resulting wealth
         | that was generated rather than provide for folks who were no
         | longer employable. As a result we get strong labor actions that
         | resist the automation of factories because they know that if
         | their jobs are replaced by robots, they won't be able to work.
         | 
         | The other twist has been the "GenAI" replacement[1] of
         | technical workers today which is easier to do because of the
         | lack of unions and collective bargaining leverage. They are
         | getting screwed faster than the factory workers are.
         | 
         | The 'utopian' outcome when a society overproduces wealth
         | relative to its population is distribution of that wealth
         | across the population, a "post scarcity" society where people
         | can do what ever they want without fear of poverty. A
         | 'dystopian' outcome when a society overproduces wealth relative
         | to its population is the concentration of wealth into
         | individuals and their families and regulatory capture that
         | prevents any distribution outside of that circle. Dooming the
         | bulk of society to poverty and depredation.
         | 
         | While China has it's oligarchs, its communist roots may allow
         | it to come out on the positive side of the transformation. The
         | US, in its current configuration, would likely not become a
         | post-scarcity society.
         | 
         | [1] Yes, I know, so far it hasn't actually been an productivity
         | or efficiency 'win' yet, and may not ever be, but it is
         | happening anyway.
        
         | regularization wrote:
         | Keynes wrote about how this can be done, while kicking the can
         | down the road. Basically debt of all types, and government
         | spending. For the US this would be military expenditures and
         | social welfare for the elderly.
         | 
         | Of course the can can only be kicked down the road so far. So
         | to answer your question more in depth, there was a German exile
         | in England who wrote a book answering this question back in
         | 1867.
        
           | aaronblohowiak wrote:
           | And yet the revolutions he inspired end up (in many ways)
           | more dystopian than the capitalism they seek to replace..
        
             | lenerdenator wrote:
             | Since then there's been a realization that you can simply
             | regulate the worst aspects of capitalism while still
             | reaping most of its rewards.
             | 
             | Now, that has been realized - but hasn't happened - _in the
             | United States_ , but it can certainly be done.
             | 
             | It'll probably be too late though.
        
             | AngryData wrote:
             | So what? People have been misinterpreting and misusing
             | knowledge, realizations, and stories since basically
             | forever. That doesn't make the original works worthless or
             | any less insightful. You would be hard pressed to link most
             | of the policies of communist nations to things Marx said or
             | advocated for. The vast majority of Marx's works is
             | pointing out flaws in capitalism, not prescribing policies
             | to use instead.
        
         | megaman821 wrote:
         | Why are manufacturing jobs special? People will upgrade their
         | tastes to consume more. Middle class houses with artistic stone
         | work and well-manicured gardens. Skin treatments, massages, and
         | health scans galore. More entertainment and more niche too.
         | Banking apps that could win design awards. We are nowhere near
         | the end of useful work.
        
           | guhidalg wrote:
           | I think most MAGAs have this idea that 1) manufacturing is a
           | good paying job and 2) if the US isn't manufacturing stuff,
           | that means China is doing it for us, which will lead to 3)
           | when we decide to go to war with China we will not have the
           | industrial capacity to fight the war. In their world model,
           | the opportunity cost of manufacturing things domestically is
           | not considered, and certainly not the benefits of
           | manufacturing things cheaply abroad and having US workers
           | move up the value chain.
        
             | from-nibly wrote:
             | Is there not opportunity cost in both directions? At some
             | point someone needs to have a reason to trade with the us
             | right? Specializing only works when line goes up forever.
             | Heck sometimes line not going up as fast as yesterday is a
             | "crisis".
        
           | kccqzy wrote:
           | Your comment perfectly illustrates why communism doesn't
           | work. The one-sentence summary of communism is "from each
           | according to his ability, to each according to his needs" and
           | clearly people's needs grow. I don't know how much longer CCP
           | can still keep communism in its name; how will CCP leaders
           | reconcile that the fact that only by abandoning communism did
           | the country rise?
        
             | EMIRELADERO wrote:
             | What happens when every single physical and mental job that
             | could be done by humans is done by AI/robots? Sure, you'll
             | always have people imagining and creating new things, but
             | it doesn't seem wise to tie that to economic compensation
             | when technology reaches a state where every single human
             | being gets to experience an upper-middle class American
             | lifestyle, unconditionally, from birth to death.
        
             | thiagoharry wrote:
             | Communism, as you described, is an ideal. An horizon, a
             | direction to walk. Therefore, it never was achieved, and it
             | is not expected to be achieved in any short term. So, it
             | does not make sense saying that only after abandoning
             | communism China rose. What they abandonned was a soviet
             | flavour of socialism. Communism never existed (at least not
             | the flavor that you described), but it is still an
             | inspiration and source of values. Perhaps in a far future,
             | with more technology, and without existing an upper class
             | above a lower class this could be possible.
        
           | paganel wrote:
           | > Why are manufacturing jobs special?
           | 
           | Because you need manufacturing to win wars, or to be seen by
           | outside great powers that you're in a position of winning
           | wars. You're not winning wars based on git commit messages,
           | but based on the steel any one country is able to produce at
           | a certain moment in time (and to transform it into
           | tanks/armoured vehicles and artillery shells).
        
             | megaman821 wrote:
             | That is manufacturing capacity, not jobs. A factory of ten
             | people and a few hundred robots is fine. Other types of
             | manufacturing like chips, aerospace and medical equipment
             | are high value and low workforce.
             | 
             | Tariffs and industrial policy may increase the US'
             | manufacturing capacity, but don't expect to see many
             | manufacturing jobs from it.
        
               | sgnelson wrote:
               | aerospace in the US is very much NOT low workforce. It's
               | quite the opposite. One of the highest employers of
               | "traditional" manufacturing in some ways. I think you
               | also underestimate how many employees are required for
               | medical equipment manufacturing as well.
        
           | bumby wrote:
           | > _People will upgrade their tastes to consume more._
           | 
           | "Diseases of civilization" would make one think we're
           | consuming ourselves sick.
           | 
           | I think one issue is that manufacturing jobs were part and
           | parcel to creating a robust middle class without substantial
           | debt. Masseuses and landscapers aren't typically the strong
           | middle class jobs that manufacturing was in decades past. I'm
           | not convinced there will be a large market for stone
           | craftsman when only a relatively small subset of the
           | population can afford it. All that aside, a lack of
           | manufacturing is a national security issue because you need
           | the ability to make physical stuff if you're ever in a war.
           | App economies won't cut it when bullets are flying down
           | range.
        
         | keybored wrote:
         | Why is this difficult to imagine? The capitalists need human
         | labor commodity as long as, well, human labor commodity is the
         | only labor commodity that can do the job. Once it (if ever)
         | isn't? And _they_ own all the robots that can do the work? _And
         | they_ own all the robot soldiers that can protect their ill-
         | gotten wealth? (Just in short total automation) Well, no need
         | for consumer capitalism any more. Then you just have
         | totalitarian capitalism where everyone else will have to live
         | out their lives at the total mercy of those overlords.
         | 
         | (It doesn't _have_ to pan out like that. But the point remains
         | that there's not law of nature that consumer capitalism has to
         | continue, even under Capitalism.)
        
         | gwbas1c wrote:
         | That was a fear the first time automation came around. (I have
         | a vague memory of machines used for weaving textiles.) Turns
         | out people bought more cheap clothes, and thus people were
         | needed to run the machines.
         | 
         | I would assume that automating menial jobs in one place will
         | create menial jobs in another place. I would also push for
         | strengthening social security so we can lower the retirement
         | age. If there really are less menial jobs to go around, it's
         | easier to shrink the workforce if everyone can retire at 55
         | instead of 65.
        
         | ambicapter wrote:
         | The plight of the poor is not an economic problem it is purely
         | a political one. Progress in technology isn't really a root
         | cause of poverty, rather a proximate cause with the root cause
         | being "because the fruits of technology are not adequately
         | shared by government policy", a policy issue.
         | 
         | Tax the billionaires and do what government is supposed to do
         | (use that money to protect the safety of their people), it
         | won't matter if they make their wealth via robots or via
         | people.
        
           | HPsquared wrote:
           | Economics is inherently political. The original (and more
           | descriptive) term for the subject is "political economy".
        
             | ambicapter wrote:
             | > Economics is inherently political.
             | 
             | Yes? The political policies will have an impact on the
             | economy.
        
         | carlosjobim wrote:
         | In past times this question was solved by the ruling class
         | commissioning monumental buildings and fine art, as well
         | consuming enormous amounts of luxuries. This gave at least some
         | form of employment back to the people.
         | 
         | Today's rulers however have no interest in monuments or in
         | culture. And the great expenses of the past time have mostly
         | gone out of fashion; such as having a harem, waging small wars,
         | or constructing impressive public works. Today's rulers are
         | content to let everything rot, as long as they themselves get
         | to sit highest up on the pile. Not even maintaining their power
         | through client networks cost them much, as they sway the entire
         | population any which way they desire through the media. And
         | that cost is tiny. The populace worship their rulers because
         | they are told to, and the rulers do not need to show their
         | greatness in any way at all.
         | 
         | The only exceptions I can think about who are actually doing
         | something different, are the American billionaires building
         | space ships. At least that's something.
        
       | yannis wrote:
       | How I hate articles like this, painting everything as
       | "existential" threat. Feeding the paranoia that has grubbed the
       | US. Everything is viewed as a threat.
        
         | piva00 wrote:
         | Paranoia is the USA's way of life, when life always seems to be
         | teetering on the edge of a cliff: losing your job at a moment's
         | time, losing your life savings for a healthcare emergency,
         | losing your kid to a school shooting, losing your stuff to
         | burglars. Any of these have a very low chance of happening but
         | they can be so life-changing that Americans seem to always be
         | in some state of paranoia, a low-trust society with few safety
         | nets and a highly-competitive mindset is primed for that.
         | 
         | American media just capitalises on the sentiment, it's a
         | vicious cycle of abusing paranoia. The government does it too,
         | just look at the red-scare from the Cold War that feeds into
         | American public discourse to this day, anything remotely
         | socially progressive is "communist".
         | 
         | It's amusing and sad to watch from a distance.
        
           | RealityVoid wrote:
           | I've observed this as well, I do wonder though if that
           | doesn't strongly encourage competitivity(is this word right?
           | autocorrect highlights it, huh) and make people work... well,
           | more. More effective, more time, more angry. It's certainly
           | one possible explanation for why they dominate in many areas.
           | But it does sound like such an exhausting thing.
        
             | jsnider3 wrote:
             | > competitivity "competitiveness" might be the word you
             | want.
        
             | gosub100 wrote:
             | I don't think it makes us work more, but I think it makes
             | us less satisfied with our lives. Which ultimately fuels
             | the consumerism and pleasure-seeking.
        
               | RealityVoid wrote:
               | Well, that solves the consumption part of the things, but
               | not the production side.
        
         | readthenotes1 wrote:
         | Ironic, since the rage/fear-baiting and hijacking of dopamine
         | is an existential threat!
        
           | pphysch wrote:
           | Once upon a time, a US president said "the only thing we have
           | to fear is fear itself". His unconventional administration
           | brought USA from deep economic depression into a golden age.
           | 
           | Meanwhile, the current ruling elite smears him as one of the
           | worst presidents of all time, and has spent decades undoing
           | that legacy and racing towards a repeat of 1929.
        
             | dingnuts wrote:
             | he also ran for reelection four times and made private
             | ownership of gold illegal, and vastly expanded the power of
             | the executive branch.
             | 
             | Reminds me a lot of the current guy and his obsession with
             | another term, and whether or not the gold (that FDR largely
             | stole from the people in the first place) is in Ft Knox.
             | 
             | I guess the biggest difference is DOGE but it's all too
             | much centralized power for me
        
         | Fricken wrote:
         | The US has squandered its advanced manufacturing capabilities,
         | warning bells have been sounding for decades, and yes, those
         | chickens will eventually come home to roost. Not yet but soon.
        
           | chasd00 wrote:
           | trying to spread democracy to China through its economy was
           | the biggest mistake the US has made in 50 years.
        
             | onemoresoop wrote:
             | It seems eager to make even bigger mistakes. The current
             | administration started playing with levers it does not
             | understand.
        
         | Analemma_ wrote:
         | When there's no social safety net and you live in a society
         | which insists on "he who does not work, does not eat", anything
         | which sidelines labor is not "perceived as" an existential
         | threat, it _is_ an existential threat. And recognizing it as
         | such is not paranoia, but straightforward realism.
         | 
         | If you don't want the paranoia, then fix the system which
         | causes people to (correctly) see automation as pure downside.
        
       | imtringued wrote:
       | China is known to scale out in the low end market without having
       | a strategy to go upmarket.
       | 
       | Reading this article I honestly got the opposite impression.
       | China is hopelessly behind Japan in both high end machine tools
       | and robotics.
        
         | digital_sawzall wrote:
         | China creates the most high end drones and 3d printers, and my
         | Hisense TV is better and cheaper any of my Samsung's. This is
         | from personal experience of things I have purchased.
        
         | sct202 wrote:
         | China is definitely growing quickly. At the trade shows I go to
         | where some of the robots in the article are presented, Chinese
         | companies have become quite prominent in the last few years
         | when they were completely non-existent 10 years ago.
        
         | pphysch wrote:
         | This "is known" is doing a lot of heavy lifting. "Is known" 15
         | years ago, perhaps. Things are changing rapidly.
        
         | decimalenough wrote:
         | I take it you haven't seen any Chinese cars lately.
         | Particularly in the EV space they're demolishing the
         | competition in price and quality, and a huge part of that is
         | thanks to automation with the robots described here.
         | 
         | Check out eg the Xpeng G6, which delivers an Audi ride but
         | undercuts the Tesla Model Y on price:
         | 
         | https://www.xpeng.com/g6
        
         | papertokyo wrote:
         | It "was known" in the 60s that Japanese electronics and cars
         | were inferior in design and quality. Chinese products are going
         | through the same trajectory.
        
       | blueyes wrote:
       | Some authors of this piece are deeply involved themselves in
       | building robots and other hardware technology. They should be
       | taken seriously. The US is moving into a trade war, however
       | unwise, with the country that supplies components for everything
       | we make and need. That country has expansionist ambitions and a
       | superior manufacturing base, which is typically what wins wars.
        
         | sieabahlpark wrote:
         | Damn, thanks for plainly stating why we need manufacturing back
         | to the states.
        
           | rtp4me wrote:
           | Yes, and I think this is the core motivation behind the Trump
           | messaging - bring it back to the US if possible. In fact, he
           | wants to bring back commercial and maritime ship building
           | back[1]. Pretty cool! Hopefully this will employ lots of
           | people.
           | 
           | [1] https://news.usni.org/2025/03/05/trumps-make-
           | shipbuilding-gr...
        
         | cladopa wrote:
         | >That country has expansionist ambitions and a superior
         | manufacturing base, which is typically what wins wars.
         | 
         | What country are you referring to. US with Greenland, and
         | Canada?
        
           | dingnuts wrote:
           | CHINA!
        
             | moomin wrote:
             | By the time MAGA is finished, it'll be Greenland.
        
         | seanmcdirmid wrote:
         | We can eventually automate our economy by buying software and
         | hardware from China. By electing Trump, we basically missed the
         | chance to lead on anything, and instead decided to engage full
         | time in trade and culture wars that aren't really going to
         | yield anything. But as long as the work gets done, even if in
         | China, we should be able to enjoy it.
        
           | Joel_Mckay wrote:
           | Indeed, no one sane will invest in building factory systems
           | on US soil under a Kakistocracy.
           | 
           | Robot platforms are already a difficult business model in the
           | private sector. With the exception of robot vacuums the
           | market just isn't viable in the US yet. Best of luck =3
        
             | rtp4me wrote:
             | It seems Honda just decided to produce the next Civic in
             | Indiana. See [1].
             | 
             | [1] https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-
             | transportation/honda-...
        
               | Aromasin wrote:
               | "Just decided" =/= decided today. They decided months if
               | not years ago, after months of negotiations with local
               | authorities. Don't look at plants opening now to judge
               | the current administration. Look at it 2 years from now.
        
               | rtp4me wrote:
               | I don't know - the article specifically said Honda will
               | produce the cars "to avoid potential tariffs". I don't
               | think the Trump tariffs were in place "years ago"...
        
               | toss1 wrote:
               | Of course, a marketing line to fit the current situation
               | (and curry favor with the current vindictive
               | administration) is easily added/updated at press time.
               | 
               | This does not mean the making of the deals and building
               | the factory had anything to do with it at the time, but
               | stating that those past decisions also have benefit in
               | today's situation is not surprising.
               | 
               | It also does not mean that this has anything to do with
               | the actual reason the deals and investments were made
               | years ago. As you point out, those deals & investments
               | years ago couldn't have anything to do with this week's
               | tariffs.
        
               | dismalpedigree wrote:
               | Its not a new plant. I drove by it several months ago on
               | I-74. Its been there awhile.
        
               | Joel_Mckay wrote:
               | Indeed, products for domestic markets may have some
               | incentives to avoid international supply chains.
               | 
               | The policies likely will just lead to multiple heavily
               | coupled regional factories producing identical products
               | at higher COGS. Controlling supply and demand in theory
               | also makes communism more efficient, but in practice
               | eventually has unintended economic consequences.
               | 
               | We shall see how this evolves... May our popcorn be
               | plentiful =3
        
               | dluan wrote:
               | You're pointing out one plant making one model in one
               | city. Chinese EV manufacturers are rolling out new models
               | every week.
        
             | germinalphrase wrote:
             | Consumer robotics, maybe - but commercial robotics has been
             | a critical component of (for instance) Amazon's fulfillment
             | infrastructure.
        
               | Joel_Mckay wrote:
               | Amazon acquired that facet of its business, and should
               | not be considered a B2B product.
               | 
               | Most general purpose robot firms just don't do well
               | domestically, and rarely make it past a business cycle. I
               | would partner with Festo Germany before touching US
               | markets. =3
        
               | chrisco255 wrote:
               | Most general purpose robot firms don't do well at all,
               | because until very recently, general purpose robotics
               | have fallen short of being useful in general purpose
               | scenarios. Amazon acquired Kiva 13 years ago. Kiva was
               | itself founded and headquartered in the U.S.
        
           | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
           | The Romans used to think that way. Their subjects thought
           | otherwise.
        
             | dluan wrote:
             | It's funny you invoke some trad/conservative appeal to
             | tradition, and meanwhile China's imperial history of
             | bureaucratic machinery is never pointed to as an example of
             | "look, technocratic meritocracy works".
        
         | sampton wrote:
         | China has been methodically preparing for trade war and
         | decoupling for the better part of the decade. US went in full
         | throttle with zero preparation. This is not going to end well.
        
           | toomuchtodo wrote:
           | It's the only way the US will learn.
        
             | QuantumGood wrote:
             | Politics and propaganda tend to dominate national
             | "learning", and those forces tend to escalate to prevent
             | awareness. So not a lot of learning happens, historically
             | ("history tends to repeat itself"; "history doesn't repeat,
             | but it rhymes", etc)
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | If facts don't work, intelligent, rational discourse and
               | compromise don't work, and economic pain don't work,
               | well, you're out of options (at least options that can be
               | discussed here).
        
           | yibg wrote:
           | I wonder if this is a consequence of the political systems of
           | China vs the US. China tends to think and plan longer term,
           | where as the US seems much more transactional; what will win
           | me the next election / midterm etc.
        
           | dluan wrote:
           | "Decoupling" was started in the US by the Obama
           | administration.
        
         | watwut wrote:
         | You could also ... try not to make war. Just an idea. Pretty
         | offputting actually to see someone supporting expansion being
         | upvoted.
        
           | flyinglizard wrote:
           | No one is trying to make war, but naturally China is looking
           | at changing the order of things, at least regionally. To make
           | that happen it needs USA to move out, and create its own
           | coalition of countries around the area.
        
             | thuanao wrote:
             | USA needs to move out and stop trying to start a war with
             | China. Taiwan is China. Historically, legally, even
             | according to the US's own policy. The KMT lost. This
             | fantasy the US has of toppling or splitting up the PRC in a
             | proxy war is extremely deranged.
             | 
             | China has exercised _incredible_ restraint over the actions
             | of a belligerent warmonger US.
        
               | Galatians4_16 wrote:
               | Taiwan is a sovereign nation, and West Taiwan needs to
               | accept that.
        
             | watwut wrote:
             | America seems to be trying to make war, unexpectedly with
             | Canada. Also, the only coalition America seems to be
             | interested in is the one with Russia.
             | 
             | Also, multiple foreign countries like Russia are trying to
             | make war right now.
        
           | neuronexmachina wrote:
           | I might be misreading it, but I don't think the comment
           | you're replying to supports China's expansionist ambitions.
        
       | iszomer wrote:
       | I would like to see a robot hand try and plug in a MCIO or
       | OcuLink connector to its MB port because even my fat fingers have
       | trouble seating them in correctly.
        
         | debacle wrote:
         | Do you not have enough supports/standoffs on your mobo? Just
         | because your case comes with 6 doesn't mean you only need 6.
        
         | fragmede wrote:
         | you know that pick and place robots are used to put and solder
         | the components onto the board that you're trying to plug the
         | OcuLink connector to, right?
        
       | ilaksh wrote:
       | I wish there was an app for renting humanoid (android) robots.
       | Maybe from Unitree or TeslaBot or something, or a US-based robot
       | if there is one that is actually being manufactured and similar..
       | maybe combined with a built-in AI system.
       | 
       | America definitely seems to be a little bit behind in terms of
       | android manufacturing. They have some pretty competitive robots
       | but they seem more expensive and to be being built inefficiently.
       | 
       | Maybe there's an opportunity for a startup that can build a stack
       | and integrate it into one or more off-the-shelf robots to provide
       | the intelligence part. Because a lot of the demos of android are
       | teleoperated since the AI is still quite difficult.
       | 
       | Combining the AI and a rental service would be so powerful.
       | 
       | We might be one or two years away from that being practical.
        
       | Finnucane wrote:
       | Gonna die with this hammer in my hand.
        
         | dluan wrote:
         | Pick up a sickle while you're at it.
        
       | ninetyninenine wrote:
       | >This is a Call for Action for the United States of America and
       | the West. We are in the early precipice of a nonlinear
       | transformation in industrial society, but the bedrock the US is
       | standing on is shaky. Automation and robotics is currently
       | undergoing a revolution that will enable full-scale automation of
       | all manufacturing and mission-critical industries. These
       | intelligent robotics systems will be the first ever additional
       | industrial piece that is not supplemental but fully additive-
       | 24/7 labor with higher throughput than any human--, allowing for
       | massive expansion in production capacities past adding another
       | human unit of work. The only country that is positioned to
       | capture this level of automation is currently China, and should
       | China achieve it without the US following suit, the production
       | expansion will be granted only to China, posing an existential
       | threat to the US as it is outcompeted in all capacities.
       | 
       | This is not an "existential threat". It's an existential threat
       | to the US being the top production economy. But the US can still
       | thrive as an economy. I don't mind the US benefiting off of
       | Chinas super productivity. Also there's really no hope, China
       | will surpass the US in this area so it's a bit pointless to try.
        
       | keybored wrote:
       | > Comparing a robotic system to a human, the current labor force
       | is lower skilled, lower ability, and a much higher attrition
       | rate. ... The US must take part in the robotics revolution before
       | all labor is handed over to China to own in perpetuity.
       | 
       | The US capitalists must monopolize all upcoming labor commodities
       | (all-robot) before China does it. Definitely some projection
       | here.
        
       | egypturnash wrote:
       | Opens with AI art and a banner about how this is an AI site, I am
       | just gonna assume the body of the text is AI spam as well and
       | close it.
        
       | lenerdenator wrote:
       | We didn't want a new labor economy.
       | 
       | We wanted ever-increasing returns for shareholders. If that meant
       | parting out our industrial base to our main geopolitical rival,
       | _that 's what that meant_.
       | 
       | In the US, capitalism has mostly replaced nationalism and
       | patriotism. In China, it augments those things.
        
       | paganel wrote:
       | Yes, China is winning, but at what cost?
       | 
       | Leaving the stupid The Economist-list memes aside, the West has
       | put itself all by itself in this position, for too long it had
       | thought that it could still rule the world based on the services
       | industries and on the financialization of the world economy. It
       | seems like they bet wrong.
        
       | dluan wrote:
       | American tech workers need to start paying attention to Chinese
       | national policy, the National People's Congress is happening
       | right now and it's how China sets long term goals and targets.
       | 
       | "Made in China 2025" was a massive national strategic plan that
       | was 10 years in the making, and was designed in 2015. It laid out
       | all of the key sectors for "value added manufacturing", and by
       | most accounts, they've been delivering and meeting their targets
       | despite all the number fudging you want to point out. None of
       | this is particularly secret or pernicious like western media
       | tries to portray. Just follow the news. The next 5-year plan is
       | being set now.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Made_in_China_2025
        
         | thenobsta wrote:
         | Are there particularly good news sources to follow? I'm not
         | sure what to follow to get either the source material or good
         | commentary.
        
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