[HN Gopher] Software-Defined Radio for Engineers (2018) [pdf]
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       Software-Defined Radio for Engineers (2018) [pdf]
        
       Author : Tomte
       Score  : 153 points
       Date   : 2025-03-10 17:40 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.analog.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.analog.com)
        
       | Sanzig wrote:
       | In terms of software-defined radio learning resources, I can
       | wholly recommend PySDR: https://pysdr.org/
       | 
       | It's written by one of the GNURadio developers, but it uses NumPy
       | and SciPy instead so you really get a feel for the low-level
       | algorithms. Concepts are well explained and build on each other
       | from module to module.
        
         | aswanson wrote:
         | Good resource, thanks.
        
       | jdc0589 wrote:
       | It's really easy to forget how complex SDR is, and how much
       | expertise it really requires to fully understand if you need to
       | write receivers/processors/filters yourself. There's a TON of
       | great stuff out there for hobbyists that just want to get some
       | cool stuff working though. I tried my hand decoding a soil
       | temp/humidity sensor broadcast and was quickly reminded how
       | complicated it can be for an initiate.
       | 
       | I know almost nothing about actual SDR, but I've got a cheap SDR
       | receiver/antenna inside a glass basement door that receives
       | temp/humidity data from ~10 433Mhz transmitters in various rooms
       | in my house + outbuildings, and a weather station that reports
       | temp/humidity/lignthing strikes/rain amount/wind speed+direction,
       | and lux. All that goes to an influx DB instance, and has a set of
       | graphana dashboards built on top of it. Took me a couple evenings
       | to get set up, and now I've got real time + historical
       | environment data about everything I care about at my house;
       | including high humidity alerts in rooms with dehumidifiers,
       | freeze warnings for a crawl space, and a bunch of other stuff. It
       | has been wildly reliable.
        
         | dhr wrote:
         | I've just started getting into SDR - what receivers and
         | transmitters are you using? Would love to give a similar
         | project a go at my place!
        
           | Jtsummers wrote:
           | RTL-SDR is an inexpensive way to get started, only a receiver
           | though. Transmitters are more complicated (legally) since a
           | lot of spectrum is off limits without a license in most
           | jurisdictions. They have a kit with a couple basic antennas
           | to get you started.
           | 
           | https://www.rtl-sdr.com/buy-rtl-sdr-dvb-t-dongles/
        
             | Joel_Mckay wrote:
             | The RTL-SDR dongle with GQRX is highly recommended, and go
             | well with a NanoVNA.
             | 
             | https://www.tindie.com/products/hcxqsgroup/4-nanovna-v2-plu
             | s...
             | 
             | LimeSDR are a bit more involved, but like most SDR
             | transceivers still need band-pass filters and power
             | amplifiers to perform well. Works well when combined with a
             | GPS locked 10MHz GPSDO like a BG7TBL. =3
        
           | staplung wrote:
           | If you want to decode transmissions from common weather
           | sensors, be sure to check out rtl_433
           | [https://github.com/merbanan/rtl_433]. If you have and RTLSDR
           | dongle, it should just work.
        
         | flyinghamster wrote:
         | I've played around with Gnu Radio, and even though I've been
         | able to do some very sophisticated things with GRC, I also
         | realize just how little I really know. Part of that is that the
         | math makes my head spin. I'd be lost without those blocks doing
         | a lot of the work for me.
        
         | bob1029 wrote:
         | If you are serious about getting into SDR, having background in
         | DSP can take you very far. Most of the painful SDR dragons are
         | based in stuff that was optional at university time, but is
         | otherwise not that hard to pick up once you know it exists.
         | 
         | Understanding the frequency domain, why it's useful, and how to
         | get there & back, is like 80% of the puzzle.
        
         | _benj wrote:
         | I think as a counter point, Michael Ossmann, the creator of
         | HackRF One has worked really hard to make it a lot more
         | accessible.
         | 
         | In one of my favorite YT videos ever he talk about how he
         | design RF PCB. The point of it is kind of like, the field of RF
         | and SDR is incredibly deep and complicated, but at the same
         | time, most filters/mixers/amplifiers and everything else needed
         | for making an SDR are ICs that one can buy from Digikey and put
         | them together (or likely have assembled).
         | 
         | So, not denying how deep SDR can be, but it can also be
         | accessible with enough effort!
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TnRn3Kn_aXg
        
         | atulvi wrote:
         | > weather station that reports temp/humidity/lignthing
         | strikes/rain amount/wind speed+direction, and lux
         | 
         | Do you get this information from radio waves? would love to
         | know more about your setup.
        
           | hnuser123456 wrote:
           | Apparently 433mhz environmental sensors is a whole category:
           | https://www.amazon.com/wireless-433Mhz-weather-sensors-
           | Home-...
        
           | Jtsummers wrote:
           | They're using weather stations that broadcast on 433MHz
           | around their property and receive those messages with their
           | SDR, then they pipe that into their database and display
           | system.
        
           | KeplerBoy wrote:
           | Not OP but the idea is simple: You put transmitters somewhere
           | outdoor (or wherever you want to measure) plop a battery in
           | there and be set for a few years.
           | 
           | Such weather stations were really commonplace 20 years ago, I
           | remember my grandparents having a sensor outside and a basic
           | LCD display in the kitchen displaying the outdoor temperature
           | and humidity. These days we want that data digitally on our
           | phones or home assistant so you need a receiver that talks
           | TCP/ip and runs a real os. That's where the SDR comes in to
           | bridge the gap between primitive RF Tech and modern
           | computing. Of course you could also put an esp8266 outdoors,
           | which natively talks wifi, but then you lose range and your
           | battery life goes from years to weeks.
        
         | mikewarot wrote:
         | Getting some hands on experience with the signal processing
         | side of SDR, with GNU Radio can help with understanding things
         | like negative frequencies, complex signals, etc.
         | 
         | It's open source, and you can just play with your audio ports
         | for starters. Later adding a $40 rtlSDR kit goes a long way. I
         | used mine to build a VOR receiver.
        
           | rtrunck wrote:
           | As a pilot with an amateur radio license (though an
           | inexperienced ham) this sounds really interesting. Could you
           | elaborate more on building the VOR receiver?
        
             | mikewarot wrote:
             | The transmitter has an electronically switched antenna that
             | virtually moves in a circle at 3600 rpm, causing FM
             | modulation phased with direction. The carrier is also AM
             | modulated with a reference phase signal.
             | 
             | I built a gnu radio flowgraph to receive both and display
             | heading to the VOR.
        
       | NoboruWataya wrote:
       | Aaaand now I've gone and dropped PS35 on an SDR dongle.
        
         | topspin wrote:
         | The next waypoint on your journey is SDRplay.
        
           | jquinby wrote:
           | I use an RSPdx in my shack and it's one of my all time
           | favorite pieces of hardware.
        
         | th0ma5 wrote:
         | GQRX is great
        
         | lysace wrote:
         | Now you can use one of your unused Raspberry Pi:s (we have all
         | got them) to cobble together an ADSB unit that may be critical
         | in recording important low-height ADSB flight data points in
         | your immediate area in case of accidents.
         | 
         | And also get free premium accounts on sites like flightradar24
         | etc.
         | 
         | https://hub.balena.io/apps/1829313/balena-ads-b
        
       | rylittle wrote:
       | I inherited a HackRF One from a friend and this thread reminded
       | me about it. Does anyone have any cool projects they recommend
       | doing just to gain some experience in SDR / have fun?
        
         | __turbobrew__ wrote:
         | I found following these videos through was a good intro:
         | https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=BeeSN14JUYU&pp=ygUII2hhY2tyZmY...
         | 
         | There were a few things in GNU radio which have changed since
         | then (different block names) but with a bit of googling you can
         | figure out how to work around it.
         | 
         | Unfortunately for me, SDR is too much like $dayjob so I lost
         | interest. I already spend 8 hours a day at a computer I cannot
         | be convinced to spend more time at a computer doing SDR as I
         | would much rather being doing stuff outside.
        
           | drivers99 wrote:
           | Do SDR stuff outside! Seriously though, I know for ham radio
           | stuff at least, a lot of it can be outside if you want.
        
         | dummydummy1234 wrote:
         | Write a FM receiver/transmitter from scratch.
         | 
         | It's very straight forward, depending on your desired level of
         | difficulty: Do it first using blocks in gnuradio, then redo it
         | with blocks you write yourself.
         | 
         | After that do the same thing, but with digital psk modulation,
         | it has the added difficulty of requiring channel estimation/
         | equalization.
        
       | ww520 wrote:
       | Has anyone work on decoding over-the-air TV digital signal in
       | software? I remember way back there were some cards that can
       | decode OTA signals to be recorded into DVR.
        
         | bri3d wrote:
         | The RTL-SDR was originally intended as a DVB-T receiver, using
         | an app called "BlazeVideo."
         | 
         | Anyway, many, many open source implementations exist for this
         | as it's a popular first/early SDR project. All you'll you need
         | is the right keywords - for the US, ATSC, and for Europe,
         | DVB-T2.
        
           | pests wrote:
           | Yep.
           | 
           | I just dug my RTL SDR v4 out of the drawer right before a
           | trip to Florida. Guess this is a sign to get it going.
        
         | th0ma5 wrote:
         | With something with more bandwidth than an RTL-SDR you may be
         | able to at least capture the data but having dedicated hardware
         | for the target signal is the easiest if you're looking to tune.
         | I've seen POC Analog TV signal decoding but not digital signals
         | in software beyond some exploration and general signal
         | analysis.
        
         | drmpeg wrote:
         | GNU Radio comes with receivers for ATSC and DVB-T. You'll need
         | an SDR that can provide 6 MHz (ATSC) or 8 MHz (DVB-T) of
         | bandwidth (which an RTL-SDR cannot do).
         | 
         | DVB-T2 and ATSC 3.0 receivers are too difficult and nothing
         | exists for them.
         | 
         | Here's a screenshot where I'm transmitting to myself (GNU Radio
         | also has an ATSC transmitter).
         | 
         | https://www.w6rz.net/atscdemo.png
        
           | anamexis wrote:
           | > (which an RTL-SDR cannot do)
           | 
           | Is that true? RTL-SDR are derived from a chip designed for
           | DVB-T tuners.
        
             | drmpeg wrote:
             | Maximum sample rate is 3.2 MS/s.
             | 
             | https://www.rtl-sdr.com/about-rtl-sdr/
        
       | asdefghyk wrote:
       | If always wonder if their was a 4g to 3g converter to keep old
       | devices working when 3g network shut down.
        
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       (page generated 2025-03-10 23:00 UTC)