[HN Gopher] Why AI is still dumb and not scary at all (pt. 1)
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       Why AI is still dumb and not scary at all (pt. 1)
        
       Author : tejonutella
       Score  : 38 points
       Date   : 2025-03-08 21:25 UTC (1 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (tejo.substack.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (tejo.substack.com)
        
       | magic_hamster wrote:
       | This seems to just ignore what's going on in the world. Some
       | parts of the software development domain are definitely being
       | affected by AI. I see a particular shift in web development and
       | possibly embedded systems firmware development (or any other
       | field where there is an exact specification of what you're
       | supposed to deliver).
       | 
       | LLMs don't need to be AGI. There's a race to adjust testing,
       | architecture and infrastructure to fit AI agents who could
       | possibly change them as needed. Some tools are already pretty
       | good and they will only get better.
       | 
       | Long story short, we are definitely going to see massive shift in
       | jobs in the coming years.
        
         | bumby wrote:
         | You make an interesting point about embedded specifications.
         | But doesn't that assume two things: 1) the specs are clear and
         | complete, 2) we're ok trusting AI to develop safety critical
         | software in those subsets of embedded applications?
        
       | bmitc wrote:
       | AI is more scary because it is so dumb.
        
       | esafak wrote:
       | This is a shallow and dated article, even when it came out in
       | 2023. LLMs are dumb because they can't multiply, and generalize?
       | They can easily write programs and calculate anything you want,
       | and machine learning is all about generalizing.
       | Hot take: if your job can be partially or wholly eliminated by
       | AI, that's a GOOD THING. If your job has patterns that
       | predictable or labor that routine, AI automation is a GOOD THING.
       | 
       | What if it lead to widespread under- or unemployment? This social
       | upheaval would lead to people setting aside the niceties of
       | civilization as they fight to meet their basic needs. And such
       | people elect bad governments, which exacerbates the problem.
       | 
       | One might also be scared in a physical sense. The race is afoot
       | to develop physical robots on par with humans. Imagine that as
       | your policeman, or soldier, bringing democracy to a country near
       | you.
       | 
       | https://www.yahoo.com/tech/china-tech-contest-features-robot...
        
         | narcraft wrote:
         | I'll tell them, but no one will listen!
        
         | Salgat wrote:
         | The entire point is that LLMs don't think, they're just
         | regressions of information you'd find on the internet. And
         | automation is a good thing. 90% of Americans were farmers in
         | the 1700s; automation completely revolutionized that. Your
         | final point is still a concern in general, specifically what
         | will happen when menial labor no longer exists. At that point,
         | you have to hope that all the wealth generated from automation
         | will be redistributed back in the form of a basic income,
         | otherwise yes, we'll have a lot of people with no means to
         | survive.
        
           | esafak wrote:
           | They are not interpolating, which is what I think you meant
           | to say, except for a loose definition humans would meet too.
           | 
           | What do you think of the latest thinking models, and what is
           | your test of thinking?
        
       | r0ckarong wrote:
       | The scariest thing about innovation is the inability of a human
       | mob to distinguish between lateral movement and intent.
        
       | dgfitz wrote:
       | *why llm models will always be dumb
        
       | ohgr wrote:
       | Dumb stuff is what I want. Classifiers and denoise are really
       | useful.
       | 
       | What I don't want is a shitty chat bot that barely understands
       | what you ask it and generates shitty code by sticking a corpus of
       | shitty code together then leaving me with the unconstrained job
       | of working out if it has any land mines in it. Then multiply that
       | by 50 engineers. Then tell me that's the future. Because if it is
       | we are totally fucked. Our decline will be noted by the general
       | decline in capacity to do anything.
        
         | Garlef wrote:
         | kids these days, right?
        
       | chrismcb wrote:
       | Because it isn't AI.
        
       | ed-209 wrote:
       | A gun is not smart or magical but is nevertheless a powerful tool
       | that can be scary depending on who is holding it. Accordingly, I
       | worry less about my occupation and more about the moral character
       | of those wielding it. Further i worry about "smart" people who
       | have not been acquainted with the dark side of human nature
       | facilitating bad actors.
        
         | ohgr wrote:
         | Statistically speaking though if you leave guns lying around
         | everywhere or introduce guns as a service for only $10/month
         | and tell everyone that guns will solve all your problems, then
         | you're going to end up with fuckwits with guns.
        
         | vivekd wrote:
         | [delayed]
        
         | wat10000 wrote:
         | A gun's purpose isn't to be smart. The gun equivalent of this
         | post would be "Why guns still aren't very good at killing" and
         | that would be a serious problem for guns if that were true.
        
       | dgfitz wrote:
       | AI doesn't exist. large language models are what they are,
       | language models.
        
       | haswell wrote:
       | This is a frustrating piece on many levels, but mostly because it
       | doesn't really scratch the surface of what is worrisome about AI.
       | It sets up straw men and knocks them down, but not much else.
       | 
       | It seems to boil down to:
       | 
       | 1. LLMs aren't actually _" learning"_ the way humans do so we
       | shouldn't be worried
       | 
       | 2. LLMs don't actually _" understand"_ anything so we shouldn't
       | be worried
       | 
       | 3. Technology has always been advancing and we've always been
       | freaking out about that, so we shouldn't be worried
       | 
       | 4. If your job is automate-able, it probably _should_ be
       | eliminated anyway
       | 
       | What's scary is not that these models are smarter than us, but
       | that we are dumb enough to deploy them in critical contexts and
       | trust the output they generate.
       | 
       | What's scary isn't that these models are so good they'll replace
       | us, but that despite how limited they are, someone will make the
       | decision to replace humans anyway.
       | 
       | What's scary isn't that LLMs will displace good developers, but
       | that LLMs put the power of development in the hands of people who
       | have no idea what they're wielding.
       | 
       | > _Sure, with a millions upon millions of training examples, of
       | course you can mimic intelligence. If you already know what's
       | going to be on the test, common patterns for answers in the test,
       | or even the answer key itself, then are you really intelligent?
       | OR are you just regurgitating information from billions of past
       | tests?_
       | 
       | How different are humans from this description in actuality? What
       | are we if not the results of a process that has been optimized by
       | millions upon millions of iterations over long periods of time?
        
         | war-is-peace wrote:
         | > What's scary isn't that these models are so good they'll
         | replace us, but that despite how limited they are, someone will
         | make the decision to replace humans anyway.
         | 
         | is this a real threat? if a system/company decides to replace a
         | human with something that is less capable wouldn't that just
         | result in it becoming irrelevant/bankrupt as it is replaced by
         | other companies doing the same thing the more efficient (and in
         | this case traditional) way?
        
           | ed-209 wrote:
           | Not necessarily. Imagine a health insurance provider even
           | partially automating their claim (dis)approval process - it
           | could be both lucrative and devastating.
        
             | haswell wrote:
             | Adding to this, government use cases would be most likely
             | to cause issues because they're often relevant regardless
             | of how badly they suck.
             | 
             | There are already active discussions about AI being used in
             | government for "efficiency" reasons.
        
               | war-is-peace wrote:
               | i suppose that links back to the other comment i made -
               | is hype the root issue you are trying to get at?
               | 
               | would be interesting to see what examples there are of
               | this in recent history
        
             | war-is-peace wrote:
             | worse for the consumer or the provider? if the llm is going
             | to fundamentally do a "worse" job no matter what the
             | incentive (whatever that is, maximising profit, maximising
             | claims, whatever that may be) we will end up with the "more
             | efficient" system in charge
             | 
             | the counterpoint to this (which i guess is the tenet of the
             | original comment?) is that hype can shadow good judgement
             | for a short period of time?
        
             | philjohn wrote:
             | Already happened. With predictable results.
             | 
             | https://www.youtube.com/shorts/Y7QPXzDmloI?embeds_referring
             | _...
        
           | IanCal wrote:
           | Capability and efficiency are very different things.
           | 
           | Consumers will absolutely buy worse buy cheaper
           | products/services.
        
           | jdietrich wrote:
           | Has any company ever truly believed that outsourcing their
           | customer service to India would improve the experience for
           | their customers? No, but they did it anyway, because it cut
           | costs. AI can be obviously worse than humans and still put
           | them out of work, because GPUs are much cheaper than people.
        
       | borisk wrote:
       | "Change is inevitable. You can't stop the railroad as they used
       | to say. It's going to kill some jobs but not all of them."
       | 
       | I personally don't worry about jobs. AI is progressing very fast
       | (there are a lof of smart folks working on it, there are a ton of
       | money invested and there's a lot of demand from businesses,
       | governments and individuals). Human inteligence stays the same. I
       | think it's likely that sometime soon AI models will become more
       | inteligent than an average human. And then more inteligent than
       | the smartest human. And then more inteligent than the whole human
       | race combined.
       | 
       | Let's say some worms 600 million years ago could think. And they
       | consider should they kill all mutants and stay forever the
       | pinnacle of evolution as they are or allow some of them to evolve
       | into fish, and then mammals and eventually inteligent humans. I
       | think we are in a position like this - we are currently the
       | pinacle of "creation" in the known universe - do we want to stay
       | this way - by blocking AGI progress, or do we want to allow minds
       | far greater than us to evolve from current LLMs at the cost of
       | probable human extinction eventually.
        
       | Herring wrote:
       | I'm pretty sure you couldn't trust me to multiply 20-digit
       | numbers either.
        
         | asadotzler wrote:
         | But you could trust a $3 drug-store checkout isle slim wallet
         | calculator (with solar panels for recharging) to perform those
         | calculations and you'd get more nines of reliability from that
         | calculator than the LLM. And it didn't cost hundreds of
         | billions of dollars to develop the calculator, so you won't end
         | up paying thousands of dollars for it.
         | 
         | That LLMs cannot beat a $3 calculator is because they're not
         | fit for purpose. Everything they offer is a hallucination. Just
         | because that fabrication matches with reality some of the time
         | does not make it good. Reliability matters and these things
         | just don't have it.
        
           | jdietrich wrote:
           | If you think an LLM is unfit for purpose, try getting a
           | calculator to write poetry.
        
       | ttul wrote:
       | Ugh, I really dislike this sort of hand-waving blog post. The
       | author cobbles together an argument dispelling all concerns about
       | AI proliferation by assembling a few Tweets. Don't mistake this
       | for scholarship. I believe the true answer to the question of
       | whether we should be frightened of these gigantic models is far
       | more nuanced and way less certain.
       | 
       | A more honest blog post would read something like this: Big Ai
       | models are interesting and useful. And there's the potential for
       | danger. We should be cautious and make sure we have some bright
       | scholars studying what might happen if various scenarios play
       | out. Just as we would want to be in response to any similarly
       | massive advancement in technology.
        
       | robwwilliams wrote:
       | We have two words we need to define: "sentience" and "thinking".
       | 
       | Sentience can be defined as a basic function of most living
       | systems (viruses excluded). You may disagree but to me this word
       | connotes "actively responsive to perturbations". This is part of
       | the auopoietic definition of life introduced by Maturana and
       | Valera in the 1970s and 1980s. If you buy this definition then
       | "sentience" is a low bar and not what we mean by AI, let alone by
       | AGI.
       | 
       | The word "thinking" implies more than just consciousness. Many of
       | us accept that cats, dogs, pigs, chimps, crows, parrots, and
       | whales are conscious. Perhaps not an ant or a spider, but yes,
       | probably rats since rats play and smile and clearly plan. But few
       | of us would be likely to claim that a rat thinks in a way that we
       | think. Sure, a rat analyzes its environment and comes to
       | decisions about best actions, but that does not require what many
       | of us mean by thinking.
       | 
       | We usually think of thinking as a process of
       | reflection/recursion/self-evaluation of alternative scenarios.
       | The key word here is recursion. and that gets us to "self-
       | consciousness"--a word that embeds recursion.
       | 
       | I operationally define thinking as a process that involves
       | recursive review and reflection/evaluation of alternatives with
       | the final selection of an "action"--either a physical action or
       | an action that is a "thought conclusion".
       | 
       | What AI/LMM transformers do not have is deep enough recursion or
       | access to memory of preceding states. They cannot remember and
       | they do not have a meta-supervisor that lets them modulate their
       | own attentional state. So I would agree that they are still
       | incapable of what most if us call thinking.
       | 
       | But how hard is adding memory access to any number of current
       | generation AI systems?
       | 
       | How hard us it to add recursion and chain-of-thought?
       | 
       | How hard will it be to enable an AI system to attend to its own
       | attention?
       | 
       | In my optimistic view these are all close to solved problems.
       | 
       | In my opinion the only thing separating us from true AGI are a
       | few crucial innovations in AI architecture---mainly self-control
       | of attention---and under 100k lines of code.
       | 
       | Please argue! (I've had many arguments with Claude on this
       | topic).
        
         | lostmsu wrote:
         | I totally buy the consciousness bit. I mean why did people even
         | need to dive deep into "philosophical" discussions when there's
         | nothing wrong with "a conscious horse" vs "an unconscious
         | horse" in the first place which is a dead simple distinction?
         | Sometimes an unconscious horse is just a horse without
         | consciousness.
        
         | imiric wrote:
         | The distinction from human thinking and what the current AI
         | hype cycle calls "thinking" is that all the machine model is
         | doing is outputting the most probable text patterns based on
         | its training data. We can keep adding layers on top of this,
         | but that's all it ultimately is. The machine has no real
         | understanding of what the text it's outputting means or what
         | that text represents in the real world. It can't have an
         | intuitive grasp of these concepts in the same way that a human
         | with our 5 senses can gather over our lifetime.
         | 
         | This is why it's disingenuous to anthropomorphize any process
         | of the current iteration of machine learning. There's no
         | thinking or reasoning involved. None.
         | 
         | This isn't to say that this technology can't be very useful.
         | But let's not delude ourselves thinking that we're anywhere
         | close to achieving AGI.
         | 
         | "Arguing" about this topic with an LLM is pointless.
        
       | seydor wrote:
       | Crap article with zero insight that wasn't worth my time.
       | 
       | There are better ways to argue the same position but it's
       | probably indefensible.
       | 
       | Neural networks are fundamentally approximators, both when they
       | are approximating long-range relations between concepts (like
       | LLMs do) or when they denoise some noise for images. They
       | approximate thought and intelligence, because we have coded it in
       | our writings. Our writings are a complete fingerprint of the
       | thought process, because we are able to pick up any thought
       | process from a book, without ever seeing or otherwise having
       | contact with the author. Therefore there is an increasingly more
       | high-fidelity "real thought" in there.
       | 
       | > that in and of itself is a monumental achievement but there is
       | no real thought involved.
       | 
       | Pretty much anything that requires our current level of thought
       | is therefore reachable with ANNs now that we know how to train
       | them in depth and width.
       | 
       | The real question is whether this is enough. We want ASI, but our
       | texts only have AGI, and everything that comes from biology
       | (including intelligence) is logarithmic in scale. There is zero
       | evidence that language models will ever learn to create abstract
       | entities better than any collection of humans do. AI companies
       | are advertising armies of PhD students, but we already have
       | millions of PhD students , yet our most pressing problems have
       | not made a lot of progress for decades. That's what should be
       | worrying to us, not the fact that we will all lose our jobs.
        
       | metalman wrote:
       | there is scary, as in physicaly dangerous and then there is
       | scarry, as in I cant stand looking at media any more, scary and
       | scary as in my job is threatened or the price fixing scams have
       | unhomed you or the app that provided my job leads, has been super
       | optimised, and is no longer viable and scary as , all of the
       | above can be ignored , defended, as the app "just did it defence"
       | with no one liable for the abuses, scary
        
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