[HN Gopher] Things we've learned about building products
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       Things we've learned about building products
        
       Author : fmerian
       Score  : 163 points
       Date   : 2025-03-05 14:44 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (newsletter.posthog.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (newsletter.posthog.com)
        
       | zabzonk wrote:
       | Sorry, what "successful products"?
       | 
       | And I have to say that "Technical Content Marketer " is one of
       | the most dubious job titles I have ever seen.
        
         | Etheryte wrote:
         | On their homepage, they have their own logo in the section
         | listing companies that use their products. I mean, if you
         | dogfood it, great, but it doesn't exactly instill confidence if
         | you have to reach for your own company to fill out the list.
        
           | hnthrow90348765 wrote:
           | They have customer testimonials here which have more
           | companies than the front page: https://posthog.com/customers
        
           | Centigonal wrote:
           | We use PostHog for site analytics - it's a good product. IDK
           | about popularity, but it's a joy to use.
        
         | tene80i wrote:
         | Seems like a perfectly good description of someone whose job it
         | is to achieve marketing goals by creating content for a
         | technical audience.
        
         | dang wrote:
         | Posthog is pretty successful! But since it isn't strictly
         | necessary, perhaps we can make this thread more meaningful by
         | removing success from the title above.
        
           | zabzonk wrote:
           | Well, I'd never heard about it before today, but that may be
           | just my bad, as I'm not really much into web stuff. But when
           | I see something like this (from the top of their website):
           | 
           | > The single platform to analyze, test, observe, and deploy
           | new features
           | 
           | my reaction is "Wha?"
           | 
           | But what the hell - though I do think the job title is bad,
           | but then I've had a few of those myself.
        
         | dlisboa wrote:
         | They list a few products on their home page:
         | https://posthog.com/products
         | 
         | I've used PostHog and it's pretty good. I don't know if I'd
         | classify all of those as different products, you rarely want
         | one of those without the other.
        
       | cjs_ac wrote:
       | > Your product is downstream from your ideal customer profile
       | (ICP).
       | 
       | Do not start with an _idea_. Start with a _problem_ , and then
       | construct a _solution_. The solution is the product. The problem
       | implies someone who has that problem: this is the customer. How
       | much of a problem it is tells you how much they want it and how
       | much they will pay for it. Because an idea doesn 't necessarily
       | have a problem, it results in a product that doesn't necessarily
       | have a customer.
       | 
       | > As 37Signal's Jason Fried says "You cannot validate an idea. It
       | doesn't exist, you have to build the thing. The market will
       | validate it."
       | 
       | Similarly, don't set out to change the world. Put your product
       | into the world, and the world will decide whether to change as a
       | consequence.
        
       | kevmo314 wrote:
       | This list mentions A/B testing a few times and it's worth noting
       | that A/B testing is great but it's not free.
       | 
       | I've seen a nontrivial number of smart engineers get bogged down
       | in wanting to A/B test everything that they spend more time
       | building and maintaining the experiment framework than actually
       | shipping more product and then realizing the A/B testing was
       | useless because they only had a few hundred data points. Data-
       | driven decisions are definitely valuable but you also have to
       | recognize when you have no data to drive the decisions in the
       | first place.
       | 
       | Overall, I agree with a lot of the list but I've seen that trap
       | one too many times when people take the advice too superficially.
        
         | nightpool wrote:
         | It probably helps that one of PostHog's core products is an A/B
         | testing framework, so it's much easier for them to iterate on
         | it internally for what they need to A/B PostHog. Even when you
         | already have a best in class A/B testing framework though, I
         | agree--A/B testing too much or waiting too long for "more data"
         | to make decisions can slow down momentum badly for features
         | that _should_ be no-brainers.
        
         | abxyz wrote:
         | A/B testing is also high risk: a good test produces valuable
         | data, a bad test produces harmful data. A company that does no
         | testing is better off than a company that does bad testing.
         | Many people treat product decisions made based on test results
         | as unimpeachable, whereas they treat product decisions made on
         | a hunch with a healthy skepticism that leads to better
         | outcomes.
        
         | pkaler wrote:
         | Agree!
         | 
         | Most orgs should just be shipping features. Before starting an
         | Experiment Program teams should be brainstorming a portfolio of
         | experiments. Just create a spreadsheet where the first column
         | is a one-line hypothesis of the experiment. Eg. "Removing step
         | X from the funnel will increase metric Y while reducing metric
         | Z". And the RICE (Reach-Impact-Confidence-Estimation) score
         | your portfolio.
         | 
         | If the team can't come up with a portfolio of 10s to 100s of
         | experiments then the team should just be shipping stuff.
         | 
         | And then Experiment Buildout should be standardized. Have
         | standardized XRD (Experiment Requirements Doc). Standardize
         | Eligibility and Enrollment criteria. Which population sees this
         | experiment? When do they see it? How do you test that bucketing
         | is happening correctly? What events do analysts need? When do
         | we do readouts?
         | 
         | That's just off the top of my head. Most orgs should just be
         | shipping features.
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | Most A/B tests should not be done in a production like way.
         | Grab some post-it notes and and sketch out both A and B: then
         | watch users work with it.
         | 
         | For a lot of what you want to know the above will give better
         | information than a 100% polished A/B test in production. When
         | people see a polished product they won't give you the same type
         | of feedback as they will for an obvious quick sketch. The UI
         | industry has gone wrong by making A/B in production too easy,
         | even though the above has been known for many decades.
         | 
         | (A/B in production isn't all bad, but it is the last step, and
         | often not worth it)
        
           | marcosdumay wrote:
           | You are pushing for bit of too much of name-misuse. A/B tests
           | are something what the entire point is that you run them on
           | the real world, and gather how real users react.
           | 
           | Design-time user testing has been a thing for much longer
           | than A/B tests. They are a different thing.
           | 
           | I mean, your point stands. But you can't do A/B tests on
           | anything that is not production, those your are recommending
           | are a different kind of tests.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | I'll accept your definition correction. However I think my
             | point still stands: there are better things than A/B
             | testing to get the information you need.
        
         | simonw wrote:
         | I think A/B testing is one of the _most expensive ways_ of
         | getting feedback on a product feature.
         | 
         | - You have to make good decisions about what you're going to
         | test
         | 
         | - You have to build the feature twice
         | 
         | - You have to establish a statistically robust tracking
         | mechanism. Using a vendor helps here, but you still need to
         | correctly integrate with them.
         | 
         | - You have to test both versions of the feature AND the
         | tracking and test selection mechanisms really well, because
         | bugs in any of those invalidate the test
         | 
         | - You have to run it in production for several weeks (or you
         | won't get statistically significant results) - and ensure it
         | doesn't overlap with other tests in a way that could bias the
         | results
         | 
         | - You'd better be good at statistics. I've seen plenty of A/B
         | test results presented in ways that did not feel statistically
         | sound to me.
         | 
         | ... and after all of that, my experience is that a LOT of the
         | tests you run don't show a statistically significant result one
         | way or the other - so all of that effort really didn't teach
         | you much that was useful.
         | 
         | The problem is that talking people _out_ of running an A /B
         | test is really hard! No-one ever got fired for suggesting an
         | A/B test - it feels like the "safe" option.
         | 
         | Want to do something much cheaper than that which results in a
         | much higher level of information? Run usability tests. Recruit
         | 3-5 testers and watch them use your new feature over screen
         | sharing and talk through what they're doing. This is an order
         | of magnitude cheaper than A/B testing and will probably teach
         | you a whole lot more.
        
           | light_triad wrote:
           | Some teams think they can A/B test their way to a great
           | product. It can become a socially acceptable mechanism to
           | avoid having opinions and reduce friction.
           | 
           | Steve Blank's quote about validating assumptions: "Lean was
           | designed to inform the founders' vision while they operated
           | frugally at speed. It was not built as a focus group for
           | consensus for those without deep convictions"
           | 
           | Is the Lean Startup Dead? (2018)
           | https://medium.com/@sgblank/is-the-lean-startup-
           | dead-71e0517...
           | 
           | Discussed on HN at the time:
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=17917479
        
             | eddythompson80 wrote:
             | Any sort of political/PR fallout in any organization can be
             | greatly limited or eliminated if you just explain a change
             | as an "experiment" rather than something deliberate.
             | 
             | "We were just running an experiment; we do lots of those.
             | We'll stop that particular experiment. No harm no foul" is
             | much more palatable than "We thought we'd make that change.
             | We will revert it. Sorry about that".
             | 
             | With the former people think: "Those guys are always
             | experimenting with new stuff. With experimentations comes
             | hiccups, but experimentation is generally good"
             | 
             | With the later; now people would wanna know more about your
             | decision-making process. How and why that decision was
             | made. What were the underlying reasons? What was your end
             | goal with such a change? Do you actually have a plan or are
             | you just stumbling in the dark?
        
           | porridgeraisin wrote:
           | > You have to build the feature twice
           | 
           | Why though? Can't you have it dynamically look up whether the
           | experiment is active for the current request and if so behave
           | a certain way? And the place it looks up from can be updated
           | however?
        
             | stetrain wrote:
             | But you have to implement and test both sides of that "if"
             | statement, both behaviors. Thus "build the feature twice"
        
               | simonw wrote:
               | Right: you have to take responsibility for implementing
               | (and testing and short-term maintaining) two branches.
        
       | Chyzwar wrote:
       | 18. Instead, forcing PRs into day of work unit, it is better to
       | be minimum testable increment. Some features just need more work
       | to be tested. Forcing everything into tiny tickets make both
       | planning tedious and often introduce bugs in half finished
       | features.
       | 
       | 22. I saw design system fail in many companies. It is very hard
       | to get right people and budget for this to succeed. For most
       | startups are better to pick existing UI toolkit and do some
       | theming/tweaking.
       | 
       | 27. I disagree, If you put Product manager as gatekeeper to users
       | you will transform the organization into a feature factory.
       | Engineers should be engaged with users as much as possible.
        
         | scottishbee wrote:
         | 27. I don't think you do disagree. Read point 29: Hire and rely
         | on product engineers. They have full-stack technical skills
         | needed to build a product along with customer obsession. Yes,
         | this means they need to talk to users, do user interviews,
         | recruit tests for new features, collect feedback, do support,
         | and respond to incidents.
        
       | abc-1 wrote:
       | There are companies out there that probably do none of these
       | things and are x1000 more successful from a revenue or market cap
       | perspective. Seems like the biggest successes are simply being at
       | the right place at the right time and not being a complete idiot.
       | Nobody wants to hear that though.
        
         | dowager_dan99 wrote:
         | I always look for the post with the "success formula" in this
         | situation and can never find it, but luck and timing are
         | components. Also skill, resourcing, execution, and what I'll
         | call "grit". The ratio is not defined but you need components
         | of each.
        
         | light_triad wrote:
         | Sure luck plays a role. There are techniques to increase your
         | odds of getting lucky though.
         | 
         | Sam Altman argued a startup's chance of success is "something
         | like Idea times Product times Execution times Team times Luck,
         | where Luck is a random number between zero and ten thousand"
         | 
         | A lot of the success in startups is not due to getting the
         | initial idea right, but what founders do once they realize that
         | their initial idea is wrong.
        
         | ozim wrote:
         | "Your website is the first impression your product is making" -
         | unless your company does not operate in market where no one
         | cares about your website.
         | 
         | We get serious leads only via networking of our C-levels and
         | sales no customer cares about our landing page and leads when
         | we cared about landing page were not serious and waste of time.
        
         | AznHisoka wrote:
         | Yep, I really don't want to read any articles from any company
         | that built their success during the SaaS greenfield period from
         | 2008-2016. Plus, you already have had the brand and market
         | share to built even more upon that foundation.
         | 
         | Now if you've built something big that grew in the past few
         | years organically, there's more to learn from that success.
        
           | morkalork wrote:
           | What, you're saying the secret to success isn't just coming
           | up with cool brand name that ends in -ify or -ly in that era?
        
         | giancarlostoro wrote:
         | I was reading the wikipedia page for WhatsApp this morning and
         | indeed, right place, right time, right talent pool.
        
       | light_triad wrote:
       | > If you're going to pivot, make it big.
       | 
       | This is a great point. I've seem teams apply lean startup by
       | testing -> changing something -> testing -> changing something ->
       | testing ...
       | 
       | The problem is that the changes are so small that statistically
       | you end up testing the same thing over and over and expecting
       | different results. You need to make a significant change in your
       | Persona, Problem, Promise, or Product to (hopefully) see
       | promising results.
        
       | apsurd wrote:
       | These are ok. They're great to highlight the surface area of
       | product building. But the list is very biased from an analytics
       | and testing perspective because posthog product is analytics and
       | testing.
       | 
       | Capturing analytics is a no brainer. however, most data in most
       | products at most companies starting out just fundamentally does
       | not matter. It's dangerous to get in the habit of "being data
       | driven" because it becomes a false sense of security and
       | paradoxically data is extremely easy to be biased with. And even
       | with more rigor, you get too easily trapped in local optimums.
       | Lastly, all things decay, but data and experimentation runs as is
       | if the win is forever, until some other test beats it. It becomes
       | exhausting to touch anything and that's seen as a virtue. it's
       | not.
       | 
       | Products need vision and taste.
        
       | srameshc wrote:
       | I was always very passionate about programming and startups or
       | small team/co, but I never even got to the first round because of
       | my undergraduate degree. I think I would have tried hard given an
       | opportunity and worked with lot of discipline and passion. So now
       | I have my own small team and I try to see if someone who doesn't
       | have the right background but still willing to learn and is
       | passionate about building stuff. It is probably not the idea of
       | the author and he is right in his approach as it has been
       | established, but I will test and see if what I am trying will
       | work or not.
        
       | hk1337 wrote:
       | #2 and #3 are sort of symbiotic. If you have a bad hire, then
       | it's going to be difficult to give them autonomy.
        
       | the__alchemist wrote:
       | Thought on this one:
       | 
       | > Trust is also built with transparency. Work in public, have
       | discussions in the open, and document what you're working on.
       | This gives everyone the context they need, and eliminates the
       | political squabbles that plague many companies.
       | 
       | This seems prone to feedback loops; it can go both directions. If
       | there are political squabbles, discussion may be driven private,
       | to avoid it getting shut down or derailed by certain people.
        
         | MrLeap wrote:
         | I've seen this. Takes management vigilantly guarding the
         | commons from excessive drive bys and divebombs.
         | 
         | It takes a lot less energy to throw shit than it does to clean
         | shit. There's infinite signals. Big egos take a lot of energy
         | to repel and redirect to maintain it. I think it's absolutely
         | worth it when it's possible, but yeah.
         | 
         | You wouldn't think so until you've done it, but it's really
         | hard to get 6+ adults together where everyone's primary goal in
         | that team is to make a thing. Seems like there's always one or
         | more people who want to peck others, build fiefdoms, hold
         | court.
        
       | bilater wrote:
       | The problem with having such a specific, prescriptive formula for
       | success is that it never actually works out that way. Sure, there
       | are high-level principles, the PostHog team executes brilliantly,
       | and I love the product, but I think we're really bad at
       | connecting the dots on what actually made something successful.
       | Instead, we assign credit to random things just to make it all
       | make sense. A lot of times, it's the equivalent of saying, "Bill
       | Gates eats this cereal for breakfast, so if I do that, I should
       | become a billionaire too."
        
       | phillipcarter wrote:
       | I know this is not related to the article, which is great, but I
       | am wondering how long "posthog" is going to be the name of this
       | company given what "post hog" means.
        
         | somekyle2 wrote:
         | I marvel at this every single time i see their billboards. It
         | does mean I read all of their billboards, I guess.
        
         | drewbeck wrote:
         | I'm kind of dreading anywhere I work picking up the service b/c
         | of how much I'd have to say the name without laughing or making
         | jokes about it.
        
       | skyyler wrote:
       | In the first image in the article, what is a "SuperDay"?
       | 
       | Is this like a trial day where you're invited to do a day of work
       | for free?
        
         | adamgordonbell wrote:
         | They pay you for it, but it is a trial work day.
         | 
         | Story time. I interviewed for a job at posthog. I knew that I
         | really loved their communication style. But I hadn't used their
         | product and didn't know a ton about them except that their
         | writing is fantastic.
         | 
         | The 'product for engineers' focus that they is cool but when I
         | had an interview, it was clear that I wasn't a 'product for
         | engineering' person.
         | 
         | When they proposed the Super Day. I was like, I'm not sure
         | because it's awesome to get paid for a day, but it's also not
         | an unstressful event. And I sort of said I had some more
         | questions before we moved on to the Super Day.
         | 
         | And they basically just said: we don't think it's going to work
         | out. It was actually a pretty positive experience. I think that
         | they correctly assessed the situation pretty quickly and my
         | hesitation was a real signal to them.
         | 
         | (This is my recollection - I could have the details wrong.)
         | 
         | But yeah, super day is a day of very structured work in the
         | role that they setup. And its paid.
        
           | rapfaria wrote:
           | > And I sort of said I had some more questions before we
           | moved on to the Super Day.
           | 
           | > And they basically just said: we don't think it's going to
           | work out.
           | 
           | Ouch, so their tight-knit, no-shortcuts hiring process is
           | only thorough for them, not for the engineer applying.
        
             | adamgordonbell wrote:
             | Perhaps, but it wasn't a bad experience. I've come to value
             | hiring processes and I guess employers where they known how
             | to swiftly make decisions.
        
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