[HN Gopher] DIY "infinity contrast" TV - with 100% recycled part...
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       DIY "infinity contrast" TV - with 100% recycled parts [video]
        
       Author : HelloUsername
       Score  : 101 points
       Date   : 2025-03-04 14:55 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.youtube.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.youtube.com)
        
       | gibibit wrote:
       | A bit clickbait calling it "infinity contrast" even if it's
       | higher contrast than an LCD, is it still a finite contrast.
       | Probably not higher contrast than modern OLED TVs, but a clever
       | hack with stuff at hand. Just not up to the hype of infinite.
        
         | nickthegreek wrote:
         | Not sure I would call that clickbait when the Creator put that
         | phrase in quotes in the original video title.
        
           | smusamashah wrote:
           | FIY, current substitute title (using DeArrow chrome
           | extension) is "DIY Rear-Projection TV - Recycling Broken TV
           | And A Projector"
        
         | Kirby64 wrote:
         | The author is using a DLP projector to backlight the LCD. When
         | the projector is displaying black it effectively is infinite
         | contrast. The light is reflected away and never reaches the LCD
         | to backlight it.
        
           | smusamashah wrote:
           | Black color coming from projector isn't full black either
           | https://www.projectorreviews.com/articles-
           | guides/projector-b...
        
             | gibibit wrote:
             | Good point, I hadn't even thought of this.
        
             | mbreese wrote:
             | True, but for this purpose, it's "blacker" than a typical
             | LED backlit TV. For a Youtube / DIY project ... I think the
             | description is fine.
        
             | wdfx wrote:
             | He also did not do (or at least did not mention) anything
             | about the reflected/diffused and ambient light behind and
             | around the TV screen, which would negatively impact
             | contrast.
        
             | mlyle wrote:
             | No. It's not literally infinite contrast.
             | 
             | On the other hand, there's very little light spill from
             | DLP--- and what little there is, is attenuated by a really
             | big factor by the LCD.
             | 
             | I'd guess the limiting factor is light scattered elsewhere
             | in the room and by the front surface of the display.
        
           | gibibit wrote:
           | Ignoring the fact that the projector doesn't get to true
           | black (noted by smusamashah), and supposing there's no
           | diffusion that spreads the light of a pixel out to
           | surrounding areas of the display panel, it would be possible
           | to say that the display has infinite contrast, I suppose that
           | is true.
           | 
           | Contrast is important, but alone it is useless. You could
           | have a display with only two levels: black and white, and if
           | the black is perfectly black, then it's infinite contrast
           | (any level of white, no matter how dim, is infinitely
           | brighter than total black), but 1-bit color would be useless
           | in reality for home theater.
           | 
           | To make infinite contrast useful, it's necessary to have HDR
           | as well to take advantage of having very dark and very bright
           | areas both able to be represented with detail. Plus having
           | sufficiently bright maximum brightness so that the brightest
           | highlights can really shine.
        
             | deepsun wrote:
             | Just to note that absolute black is not achievable. The
             | best coatings in labs reach 99.99% but it's never 100%.
        
             | theshackleford wrote:
             | > To make infinite contrast useful, it's necessary to have
             | HDR as well to take advantage of having very dark and very
             | bright areas both able to be represented with detail.
             | 
             | SDR benefits incredibly as well. HDR is another elevation.
             | 
             | Getting stuck with LCD contrast for years was a travesty to
             | image quality across the board.
        
           | SirMaster wrote:
           | That's not true at all. Black on a projector is still
           | projected light, especially with a DLP which have the worst
           | contrast ratios of the 3 projector types (DLP, LCD, LCoS).
           | 
           | What he is making here is a dual panel display. There are
           | actually some LCD monitors that use this concept of 2
           | separate panel layers each providing their normal contrast
           | resulting in a multiplicative effect.
           | 
           | For the video posted here, the DLP is probably at best 1000:1
           | and the cheap old LCD is also maybe about 1000:1, so you get
           | about 1 million:1 which is a lot, but not technically
           | infinite like self-emissive display that can turn off the
           | pixels completely for sections of the picture like OLED and
           | microLED.
        
             | Dylan16807 wrote:
             | What makes self-emissive "technically infinite" but not
             | DLP?
             | 
             | I would say the weak point of DLP is the screen material
             | needing to be light-friendly, but that's on a sliding scale
             | with the emissive display, not a hard line difference. Both
             | of them preserve black levels when turning on, unlike
             | traditional LCD, but also it isn't true black for either of
             | them.
        
               | SirMaster wrote:
               | LCD projectors do better at contrast than DLP though.
               | 
               | For example the Epson 5050UB or LS12000 do about 5000:1
               | native contrast. Most DLPs around the same price level
               | are in the 1000:1 to at most 2000:1 contrast level.
               | 
               | A DLP is nothing like an emissive display. The entire
               | area of a projected image with any projector is always
               | lit up by the light source. Any projector, including DLP
               | is like a TV with a single backlight and no local array
               | dimming.
               | 
               | Here are some simple photos of DLP projectors and here
               | you will clearly see that the black parts, like the black
               | bars above and below the cinemascope image, or even the
               | spill over past the edges of the panel are not black at
               | all.
               | 
               | https://i.redd.it/ak3lwsumvccc1.jpeg
               | 
               | https://preview.redd.it/eyc62402amnd1.jpg?width=4000&form
               | at=...
               | 
               | In that second photo, the odd shape of the black
               | projected area is due to the user using keystone, so the
               | image is not being displayed on that part of the imaging
               | panel and it's just left black, but you can see then what
               | the black level really is for projected "black" pixels.
        
             | tshaddox wrote:
             | > Black on a projector is still projected light, especially
             | with a DLP which have the worst contrast ratios of the 3
             | projector types (DLP, LCD, LCoS).
             | 
             | If DLP has worst contrast than LCD, then why would this
             | project be even remotely successful? Wouldn't the LCD layer
             | in the stock LCD TV would have already been more
             | effectively blocking the light from the stock backlight?
        
               | Miraste wrote:
               | You're missing that the LCD is still there. It's still
               | blocking just as much light as it originally did, but now
               | the DLP chip is also blocking light. The effect stacks.
        
               | tshaddox wrote:
               | I suppose so, but is that fundamentally different from
               | just putting two LCD layers (from two identical TV) in
               | front of the backlight?
        
               | SirMaster wrote:
               | No and there are monitors that do that (search dual layer
               | lcd monitor). They are really expensive.
        
           | drjasonharrison wrote:
           | The projector lens's optics (coatings, materials, etc.) will
           | have been designed and engineered to have a specified
           | contrast ratio.
           | 
           | So yes, if the internal light engine of the DLP truly
           | reflected all light away, then, if it outputs zero photons
           | for full-screen black, you could say the projector outputs
           | zero photons.
           | 
           | However, the DLP is not 100% effective; the interesting
           | images will have a mix of bright and dark areas, and the lens
           | and software image processing will raise the black levels
           | above zero.
           | 
           | Source: I worked at BrightSide Technologies before and after
           | the acquisition by Dolby Laboratories and learned about DLP
           | lens limitations from the engineer working on DLP+LCD based
           | HDR displays.
        
         | smusamashah wrote:
         | When I read infinity contrast, and knowing how great DIY perks
         | is, I assumed it to be something like this
         | https://youtu.be/JoLEIiza9Bc?t=335 but couldn't wrap my head
         | around the idea on a TV.
        
         | numpad0 wrote:
         | the joke is that contrast is a ratio, and any number over zero*
         | equals +inf. I've seen similar lines used in OLED
         | advertisements during 2010s, despite many OLED having non-zero
         | minimum intensity. It's a reference to those.
        
         | Animats wrote:
         | Projectors are only "infinity contrast" in total darkness.
         | 
         | But with enough lamp power...
         | 
         | Larry Ellison used to have a TV projector sized for a movie
         | theater but aimed at a home sized screen, so he could watch
         | movies and enjoy a view of the outside world at the same time.
         | Of course, now anybody can go to Costco and buy a TV that
         | bright.
        
           | SirMaster wrote:
           | Projectors are never infinity contrast as they cannot turn
           | off individual pixels. Projectors have a single constant
           | light source to all pixels like a non local-array dimming TV.
           | It's entirely up to the imaging panel to modulate the pixels,
           | and none of the 3 panel types can block all the light for a
           | pixel.
        
       | firefoxd wrote:
       | I'm glad he is back to making approachable projects. It was a
       | boon for me during the pandemic. I particularly love the fake
       | windows to light my closet that looks like daylight.
        
         | PhunkyPhil wrote:
         | Is that one really doable?
         | 
         | It's one of the ones that's been at the top of my list, but my
         | lack of engineering/tinkering experience has made me a bit
         | apprehensive. Is it result really worth the effort?
        
           | all2 wrote:
           | There's 3 components:
           | 
           | 1. a TV or monitor diffuser
           | 
           | 2. a sheet of LEDs
           | 
           | 3. a power supply capable of driving those LEDs. Typically a
           | 12V supply is sufficient (I don't recall if he goes into
           | power supply sizing).
           | 
           | If you're comfortable with learning some things (soldering in
           | this case), you'll be able to pull this off pretty easily.
        
         | Uehreka wrote:
         | My friend and I looked into that one to see if it would help
         | his mood when working in his downstairs office (his apartment
         | had a weird layout upstairs). It kind of looks like you need to
         | have a room you can sacrifice to hold all of the equipment, and
         | a door with the right shape. It wasn't very practical in that
         | apartment, or in any apartment either of us have lived in
         | since.
        
       | ThrowawayTestr wrote:
       | The results he's able to achieve with this are very impressive. I
       | wonder if consumers would accept a TV that isn't paper thin if it
       | had OLED performance at LCD prices.
        
       | anadem wrote:
       | Nice, but he totally hides the lining-up of the rear projector
       | image with the main screen's image, which I imagine is a painful
       | process.
        
         | laweijfmvo wrote:
         | he talks about that extensively and goes over the software
         | fix(es)
        
           | KeplerBoy wrote:
           | meh, he doesn't really address the issue. He just mentions
           | using OBS to threshold the image and dilate the resulting
           | regions.
           | 
           | That raises a lot of other questions: He obviously feeds two
           | different videos to the displays. How is this done? Does it
           | add latency, does it work with, let's say, Netflix DRM? Are
           | the two videos even in sync or is the obs post processed feed
           | always N frames behind (think of the transition between
           | barely lit and bright scenes)?
        
         | badmintonbaseba wrote:
         | I would be more interested in matching up timing/latency,
         | especially with the OBS processing in the middle.
        
           | drjasonharrison wrote:
           | and don't forget to re-synchronize the audio!
        
       | uSoldering wrote:
       | I think it's odd to make a whole video about a DIY rear-
       | projection television without using the phrase 'rear-projection
       | television'. It's novel to bounce it off the ceiling, and it
       | repurposes e-waste so it's a great project.
        
         | tobr wrote:
         | He does mention rear-projection TVs.
        
           | uSoldering wrote:
           | I guess I missed it and was hoping for a deeper dive.
        
         | Miraste wrote:
         | The novel part is projecting onto an LCD panel instead of a
         | simple piece of glass.
        
       | withinrafael wrote:
       | Very cool and a great speaker. Forgive my naivete but would
       | enclosing the back with a short-throw projector reintroduce the
       | LCD light bleed he fought hard to eliminate? I wonder how you
       | would address that. I suspect painting the interior Ventablack
       | wouldn't be enough.
        
       | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
       | Very cool, and great video.
       | 
       | It seems that projector tech (like laser printer tech, and
       | flatbed scanner tech) has been pretty stagnant, the last few
       | years.
       | 
       | Every now and then, I look at the latest projectors, to see if
       | there's any justification for me to replace my old (10 years or
       | so) LED projector, and I have not seen anything that has made me
       | want to.
        
         | Miraste wrote:
         | They have gotten better. Recent consumer projectors use triple
         | (RGB) lasers as a light source, which improves color accuracy a
         | lot. It's not worth replacing one that works, but it is
         | noticeable.
        
           | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
           | My experience with laser projectors, is that they work great,
           | but have very weak beams (for reasonably portable ones).
           | 
           | I need it to be something I can toss into a backpack (along
           | with a bunch of other stuff), and be around 1000 lumens.
           | 
           | Not just lumens, either. The color needs to be good, the
           | resolution needs to be (hopefully) greater than 1080p, and it
           | needs to be usable in a semi-lit room. I don't care about
           | speakers. I use projectors as a speaking aid.
           | 
           | I've been using a tiny InFocus LCD unit that's great, but a
           | little anemic (1080p/750 lumens).
           | 
           | The promise of a laser, is that you can project it against a
           | cinder-block wall, and it will stay in focus, and show great
           | color.
        
             | Miraste wrote:
             | I've only used larger, higher power ones that are meant to
             | stay in one place. Even with those, all the "point it at a
             | wall and it looks like a TV" marketing is fiction. They
             | don't look good without projector screens unless you're in
             | a dark environment.
        
               | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
               | Makes sense.
               | 
               | I have heard that laser projectors don't need to be
               | focused.
               | 
               | Is that true?
        
               | Miraste wrote:
               | Yes and no, but mostly no. Nearly everything advertised
               | as a laser projector uses the laser as a light source for
               | a normal DLP/LCD/LCoS setup, and needs to be focused the
               | same as with a light bulb source. Even the triple laser
               | ones work this way-the triple laser part just means they
               | don't need a color wheel.
               | 
               | There _are_ true laser projectors where the lasers go
               | directly to the projection surface. These are called
               | Laser Beam Scanning projectors, and they don 't have to
               | be focused. They work pixel by pixel in scanlines kind of
               | like a CRT, and since the laser doesn't diffuse over
               | short distances, it's never blurry.
               | 
               | Unfortunately, it's a dead technology. I only know of one
               | still in production, and it's 120lm or something.
        
           | SirMaster wrote:
           | They improve color gamut coverage and color volume, but I
           | would not say accuracy. It's much harder to get an RGB laser
           | projector accurately calibrated than an old mercury lamp or
           | even single blue laser / yellow phosphor projector.
        
         | abdullahkhalids wrote:
         | For the sake of my eyes, I have wanted to switch from using a
         | secondary computer monitor to a projector. I imaging switching
         | looking from primary monitor at 2 feet vs projector screen at 8
         | feet would be good exercise for the eyes.
        
       | ge96 wrote:
       | I like this super low F-stop lens video although it was massive
        
       | WWLink wrote:
       | Hahaha I guess it's time to bring back rear projection TVs!
        
       | kridsdale1 wrote:
       | This is an old concept. There was a research lab in Vancouver
       | circa 2008 who did exactly the same thing (I applied to intern
       | there as an EE student). It was the first HDR video display ever
       | built. They had to also design the encoding format.
       | 
       | They never commercialized but they sold their patents to Dolby
       | who turned it in to "Dolby Vision".
        
         | gedy wrote:
         | I saw similar at SIGGRAPH 2004. Still a cool DIY project.
        
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