[HN Gopher] Do ambiguous images provide psychological insights? ...
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       Do ambiguous images provide psychological insights? Testing a
       popular claim
        
       Author : thinkingemote
       Score  : 23 points
       Date   : 2025-02-20 10:29 UTC (12 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (peerj.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (peerj.com)
        
       | lr4444lr wrote:
       | Isn't this the whole point of Rorschach tests? They are
       | controversial, but still have professional support.
        
         | dwringer wrote:
         | A key point of Rorschach tests is that they are always the same
         | plates, so there is a large body of literature and case studies
         | specific to interpretations of each one. I think that like any
         | sort of psychological inventory the results are extremely
         | context dependent and require a trained professional to
         | interpret. The trending stuff on social media as mentioned in
         | the article strikes me as more akin to the pseudoscientific
         | misappropriation of things like the MBTI to compare different
         | people in a non-clinical setting, and AFAIU there is really no
         | scientific basis for any such thing.
        
         | analog31 wrote:
         | An interesting quality of the images is that they all have a
         | high degree of symmetry, which is only found in living things.
         | So there is a built in bias.
        
       | TransAtlToonz wrote:
       | Lack of empirical support does not imply empirical support of no
       | insight. In fact, it seems like you can reasonably draw whatever
       | conclusion you please with about equivalent (zero) evidence.
       | Calling these "myths" seems like a bit of a stretch--perhaps
       | "popular conception" might be more accurate.
        
       | abeppu wrote:
       | This seems sketchy in that they're giving themselves N*M
       | opportunities to find significant correlations, which they
       | acknowledge -- but with a bias that a significant correlation is
       | not expected to be spurious if it aligns with a claim previously
       | made elsewhere.
       | 
       | > Some of the additional statistically significant findings
       | (e.g., the perception of Rubin's Vase and openness, the Horse-
       | Seal and intuitive decision making, and the Duck-Rabbit and
       | extraversion and conscientiousness) appear somewhat isolated, are
       | not related to previous research, or claims being made in social
       | media posts and websites. As such, they may be the result of
       | multiple analyses.
       | 
       | I know there's a body of work on "False Discovery Rate", and I
       | think it would be more appropriate to use some of those tools to
       | directly adjust for the number of attempts they're giving
       | themselves.
        
         | nerdponx wrote:
         | Correct, FDR control procedures have been part of the
         | statistics literature for at least 50 years, and are relatively
         | easy to implement by hand. There's no excuse.
        
         | aqueueaqueue wrote:
         | Is this the green jelly beans xkcd?
        
       | calibas wrote:
       | I see these on Facebook and have avoided them. Isn't the whole
       | point of the "tests" to collect personal data?
       | 
       | I don't know if it's "a new type of psychological myth" so much
       | as a scam.
        
         | glenstein wrote:
         | I wouldn't doubt that the possibility is there using it that
         | way. But it just seems really impractical and inefficient. I
         | think serious efforts at collecting personal data, involving
         | databases and scripting to scrape data from websites that would
         | not otherwise want to freely give it up, compromising passwords
         | and so on. I don't know what actionable data you get from
         | learning that someone judges a particular ink blot to look like
         | a butterfly.
         | 
         | I think the explanation for their prevalence is just that they
         | found their place in the regular churn of memes, jokes, and
         | quizzes on social media.
        
           | calibas wrote:
           | I don't believe it has anything to do with the results of the
           | test, they probably just toss that out. It's that you grant
           | these companies partial access to your Facebook account when
           | you take these quizzes.
           | 
           | https://www.aclu.org/news/national-security/quiz-what-do-
           | fac...
        
       | munchler wrote:
       | Betteridge's law of headlines applies: Any headline that ends in
       | a question mark can be answered by the word _no_. (If the answer
       | was _yes_ , that would be the headline instead.)
        
       | sdwr wrote:
       | Anything can provide psychological insight! The primary action is
       | the subject interpreting and responding to something. It doesn't
       | matter what they are engaging with.
       | 
       | I've been watching police interrogation videos, and it's
       | staggering how many people say, unprompted, "It's not like I
       | would just ___", where ___ is exactly what they did and are
       | trying to hide. It's on their mind, so it comes out.
       | 
       | Where it breaks down is when you try to "science" it, and make a
       | blanket rule that applies to all people in all situations.
        
       | hassleblad23 wrote:
       | Tests to determine someone's personality are totally useless, yet
       | they are everywhere. What actionable insight could you even gain.
        
       | shw1n wrote:
       | I can't speak to images
       | 
       | But I've noticed the way people respond to ambiguous statements
       | reveals a lot about their internal state
       | 
       | (Eg do they assume you're well-intentioned, assume mal-intent,
       | default to status games, etc)
       | 
       | So I could see the image assessment working in theory if not in
       | application
        
         | adolph wrote:
         | > But I've noticed the way people respond to ambiguous
         | statements reveals a lot about their internal state
         | 
         | Which then opens up more questions-is that moment in time
         | quality of state something of that particular moment, or of
         | that particular context, or a more stable disposition? I could
         | see the image assessment working to fulfill whatever theory is
         | used by the assessor, something similar to fundamental
         | attribution error.                 The fundamental attribution
         | error refers to an individual's tendency to        attribute
         | another's actions to their character or personality, while
         | attributing their behavior to external situational factors
         | outside of        their control.
         | 
         | https://online.hbs.edu/blog/post/the-fundamental-attribution...
        
           | shw1n wrote:
           | A fair point
        
         | derbOac wrote:
         | > But I've noticed the way people respond to ambiguous
         | statements reveals a lot about their internal state
         | 
         | There are well-documented cognitive biases associated with
         | different forms of ambiguous stimulus interpretation.
         | 
         | It's a target of cognitive-behavioral therapy, for instance, as
         | individuals who are depressed or anxious tend to interpret
         | ambiguous stimuli in certain ways (in general; every person is
         | different; for example, interpreting an ambiguous social
         | situation as reflecting disapproval).
         | 
         | Aggressive individuals are more likely to exhibit a hostile
         | attribution bias as well. Specifically, they're more likely to
         | interpret ambiguous social situations as reflecting hostile
         | intent.
         | 
         | Even some projective tests demonstrate validity. The arguments
         | in those cases tend to be about norms and how to score them and
         | interpret them (to your point, I think there's some evidence
         | that a Sentence Completion Test has a bit more validity than
         | some others).
         | 
         | This was kind of an interesting paper but a poor test of the
         | projective/ambiguous stimulus interpretation hypothesis in
         | general. On the other hand, I guess people are positing this
         | stuff so it's important to have empirical boundaries around it.
         | 
         | A lot of the work in this area has kind of died down due to
         | controversies in the past and a stigma around psychodynamic
         | theories. I've always thought it would be interesting to use
         | modern LLM/DL models with ambiguous stimuli to test these
         | hypotheses (and if they work out, develop prediction and
         | scoring methods) in a more rigorous and thorough way. I think
         | there's always been a kind of problem with past research of how
         | to handle the responses, which are basically natural language
         | responses, which are harder to code etc than T/F, rating scale
         | etc. But if you have LLMs, seems like you can make it more
         | tractable.
         | 
         | There _is_ this theory that structured stimuli (e.g., an item
         | on a typical questionnaire or test) allows you to more
         | precisely target a process and act as primes for recognition.
         | That is, if you want to know about X, you 're better off asking
         | or probing specifically for X, and that will prime a respondent
         | through recognition, which is more direct than asking
         | indirectly about something which might initiate an off-target
         | process involving more of a recall process, which is less
         | reliable.
         | 
         | That is definitely true, but it seems like sometimes you don't
         | know what you're looking for, or there might be a kind of
         | impression management problem where people are motivated to
         | respond in certain ways. I don't think you can ever get around
         | that completely, but getting at something in multiple ways
         | often seems better than getting at it in just one way.
        
       | thomastjeffery wrote:
       | He's my theory: We use backstory to resolve ambiguity.
       | 
       | The ambiguity: "What's this a picture of?"
       | 
       | A possible answer: "a duck"
       | 
       | A backstory that gets us there: "The area colored white is
       | background, and the area colored black is the foreground, and a
       | black area with that shape of edge matches the silhouette of a
       | duck."
       | 
       | Another ambiguity: "Why is the white not foreground?"
       | 
       | A backstory that gets us there: "Paper is white, ink is black,
       | and when I want to draw, I use the ink to draw the duck on the
       | paper."
       | 
       | So can we conclude that any person who answers "duck" got there
       | through this particular backstory? _Of course not!_ There are
       | plenty of alternative paths to this conclusion.
       | 
       | The _intention_ behind any ambiguous expression is lost forever.
       | The choice of backstory will always be arbitrary.
        
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