[HN Gopher] Apple's closed-source approach is losing out to AI a...
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       Apple's closed-source approach is losing out to AI app builders
        
       Author : trevor-e
       Score  : 61 points
       Date   : 2025-02-19 20:41 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.telkins.dev)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.telkins.dev)
        
       | jopsen wrote:
       | Is gen ai app development really that important?
       | 
       | Does it make real apps? Or only prototypes and trash?
       | 
       | Do we need quantity or quality apps?
        
         | baxtr wrote:
         | It seems to me that ai apps are great for prototyping and
         | getting to v0. Maintenance and continuous improvement seem to
         | be more challenging.
        
         | throwaway48476 wrote:
         | I recently saw a niche industry specific chatgpt wrapper. I
         | don't think anyone is actually building anything of value with
         | gen AI.
        
           | resource_waste wrote:
           | I did. I do.
           | 
           | I don't use it for everything, but it is a 2x-10x multiplier.
        
             | throwaway0123_5 wrote:
             | This is a pretty big range. Are you saying the overall
             | multiplier for all of your work is somewhere between 2 and
             | 10x, or that some tasks are 2x and others are 10x?
        
             | dingnuts wrote:
             | relevant username
        
         | layman51 wrote:
         | This is a good point and it reminds me of a link to an news
         | article someone had shared some weeks earlier about how AI-
         | generated literature in the form of ebooks is already flooding
         | public libraries that subscribe to certain lending platforms.
         | In a sense, it could be an advantage to have systems where it
         | is so cumbersome to get LLMs to help you with generation so
         | that people have to put at least a little bit of effort.
        
         | dzikimarian wrote:
         | It saves a lot of time. You don't need it to generate whole app
         | - just do some tedious bits.
         | 
         | It's basically electric screwdriver. You can open & close your
         | laptop with old piece of iron. It even won't be worse in terms
         | of quality, but if you want to fix 20 of them in a day it
         | doesn't make sense.
        
         | kmeisthax wrote:
         | It's not.
         | 
         |  _However_ , the fact that integrating these tools with any
         | sort of Apple toolchain is a nightmare is still a problem.
         | Because even if you don't care about AI slop coding, there's
         | plenty of other things that developers are used to that become
         | far more difficult when the only option[0] is proprietary dev
         | tools with very strict hardware licensing requirements attached
         | to it. This puts a very real cost on iOS development.
         | 
         | The only reason why developers put up with iOS _now_ is because
         | it has half the US mobile market, so brown-nosing Apple is
         | mandatory for certain app classes. This doesn 't make the cost
         | go away, it just means it gets spread around[1], like how
         | everyone has to pay credit card fees or mobile storefront fees
         | even when they're paying with cash or buying straight from the
         | developer. But when that market power isn't there, such as on
         | macOS[2] or visionOS (lol), developers just straight-up don't
         | bother supporting the platform because Apple is disrespectful
         | to developers.
         | 
         | [0] I am aware of that one non-Apple iOS toolchain, it still
         | requires you grab the SDK files yourself off a Real Mac(tm)
         | which is a pain in the ass and not going to pass a corporate
         | compliance department's muster.
         | 
         | [1] The exact mechanism that forces cost-sharing is called a
         | most favored nation agreement. You are required to offer the
         | best pricing to people paying your junk fee and cannot discount
         | around the fee.
         | 
         | [2] People often blame Metal for macOS gaming being terrible.
         | This is missing the point. iOS has the same core technology
         | requirement; so all the middleware _has_ to support Metal
         | _anyway_. But if you don 't need to be on mobile, you don't
         | need to support _any_ Apple platforms, which is preferable.
        
         | dale_glass wrote:
         | I find it reasonably useful given these conditions:
         | 
         | 1. I know what I want.
         | 
         | 2. I don't know off the top of my head how to accomplish it.
         | 
         | 3. However, I do know enough to tell whether what the AI
         | generated works right.
         | 
         | So for me it covers cases like "I know databases and I know
         | programming, but I don't know enough Python to do a DB query
         | without looking for docs. Have Copilot generate some working
         | sample code, and then I can pick things up from there".
         | 
         | I'm sure bigger things can be done but I think just that alone
         | is extremely useful. Saves a bunch of time on googling, making
         | it past all the ads, the requests to subscribe, the far too
         | long introductions, etc. Sometimes all I want is 20 lines of
         | sample code and nothing else, and AI seems to do very well at
         | that without leaving the IDE.
        
           | BriggyDwiggs42 wrote:
           | I'm really not looking forward to the day when they start
           | serving ads through LLMs. Hopefully local is solid enough by
           | then to do most of the same stuff.
        
           | mandevil wrote:
           | Give OpenAI 25 years and they're going to be throwing up
           | plenty of ads in our faces. Source: I remember using Google
           | in 1999.
           | 
           | Momento mori to anything raising tens of billions of dollars
           | from VCs and PE's. The UX is going to get much worse,
           | surprisingly quickly.
        
       | pram wrote:
       | "The platforms thriving right now are all built on open source
       | software. More and more teams are building apps in React Native
       | rather than Swift"
       | 
       | Isn't Swift literally open source software lol
        
         | etchalon wrote:
         | Bad journalism is hilarious.
        
         | FloorEgg wrote:
         | If you noticed inaccuracies in the article you might be
         | interested to know that the article was written by AI.
         | 
         | And for those of you hissing at my previous comment you might
         | be interested to know that this joke was written by AI.
         | 
         | Now you don't know what to do.
         | 
         | Rip Norm Macdonald
        
           | saagarjha wrote:
           | I mean I could downvote it
        
         | cess11 wrote:
         | I think they mean SwiftUI.
        
         | sampton wrote:
         | No self respecting iOS developer would pick React Native over
         | SwiftUI.
        
           | echelon wrote:
           | Why would a company hire iOS developers when they can build
           | everything for all platforms in a single language and
           | framework? It's fungible, interchangeable, easy to maintain,
           | and easy to hire for.
           | 
           | Apple is being boneheaded by going their own way. But closed
           | systems lorded over by tyrannical giants typically are.
        
             | saagarjha wrote:
             | Because the single language and framework makes worse apps
        
               | echelon wrote:
               | Only because Apple made a non-open platform.
        
               | gbear605 wrote:
               | React Native makes worse apps for Android too
        
           | resource_waste wrote:
           | There does seem to be a bit of cult-like loyalty to every
           | decision Apple makes.
           | 
           | I would agree with your statement. However...
           | 
           | No self respecting developer would pick SwiftUI over React
           | Native.
           | 
           | But that is too generic of a statement to stand by. I just
           | personally have prioritized development time over... uh..
           | fandom?
        
             | felizuno wrote:
             | I'm a self respecting developer who has been using React in
             | production for almost 10 years now, and SiwftUI is
             | significantly better than RN. I wasn't a huge fan of
             | learning to deal with XCode, but yeah it's not fandom it
             | just actually works better with fewer quirks and downstream
             | perf issues.
        
         | kmeisthax wrote:
         | Swift, the core language, has a FOSS compiler. SwiftUI is a
         | proprietary UI toolkit library and app framework whose only
         | relation to Swift is that it's written in it. It would be like
         | calling GDK "ValaUI" or Bevy "RustEngine".
        
           | echelon wrote:
           | Swift has no use beyond writing software to target Apple
           | users.
           | 
           | Apple isn't viewed as friendly to open source since you can't
           | even distribute software to their platform without going
           | through their censorship/taxation centralized review process.
           | (And an army of people will rush to tell you this is okay.)
           | 
           | The meme of Swift being useful to anything but Apple devs
           | needs to die.
        
         | trevor-e wrote:
         | Swift is open source, but SwiftUI and UIKit are both closed-
         | source which is what I meant.
        
       | saurik wrote:
       | > From there, compiling code for iOS is notoriously difficult and
       | not officially supported outside of using Xcode.
       | 
       | I mean, this is a stretch... you really have to go out of your
       | way to narrowly define "officially supported" to the point of
       | absurdity: Apple _clearly_ supports compiling for iOS outside of
       | Xcode, as Xcode doesn 't even do the compilation, never has, and
       | --we can be pretty confident in saying-- _never will_. Meanwhile,
       | despite many people using automatic provisioning, Apple 's portal
       | let's you do it all manually: it isn't as if there are a bunch of
       | missing pieces if you aren't using Xcode to do your build. Very
       | large companies routinely deploy code for the most popular
       | applications without using Xcode and smaller projects are often
       | built in languages or frameworks using tooling that completely
       | bypasses Xcode... if you don't think Xcode is a win (and it
       | isn't: there is a good reason why the really large-scale projects
       | don't use it) _just don 't use it_ and your life will get better.
       | And, if working in AI is really the competitive advantage people
       | claim, it would seem like a no-brainer to finally get around to
       | porting your project build to escape Xcode.
        
         | rgovostes wrote:
         | > For example, there is an xcodebuild command you can run, but
         | it often doesn't work with table stakes features like
         | incremental builds
         | 
         | I don't think this is true, either.
        
         | trevor-e wrote:
         | I could have worded this better since running xcodebuild is
         | obviously outside of Xcode. But it's not a stretch.
         | 
         | Is it possible? Yes, of course. Bazel and Buck iOS builds have
         | existed for a long time, and many large teams use them. You can
         | even use Gradle to build an iOS project.
         | 
         | Does Apple officially support any of those? No, you won't find
         | any Apple instructions telling you how to do any of this, Apple
         | expects iOS apps submitted to the store to be built with Xcode.
         | You're on your own with these solutions. And setting up Bazel
         | for an iOS project is not an easy undertaking.
        
       | mirkodrummer wrote:
       | If you take a look around x, reddit or linkedin nowadays it seems
       | full of non tech people or parents proud of their children making
       | "complete functioning apps" without any coding. Usually they're
       | nothing more than specialized todo lists or calendaring apps for
       | keeping track of some habits. Do we really need all those apps?
       | I'm worried that if I have a good idea and it happens I can
       | execute it well, then the app would be buried in the millions of
       | "v0" apps out there. And no, Apple won't review them all, it's
       | impossible... maybe an AI will lol
        
         | saagarjha wrote:
         | Despite not really liking AI-generated content very much myself
         | I think it is quite neat that everyone can now have small apps
         | that precisely cater to their needs.
        
           | mirkodrummer wrote:
           | What they need? More todo apps? Or simple crud apps that they
           | could have hacked together with no code tools for years? If
           | so it speaks long dinstances about the current state of
           | software
        
         | munchler wrote:
         | This is exactly how I felt as a photographer when smart phones
         | took over the world 15 years ago. I try to remind myself that
         | democratization is good, even if it isn't necessarily pretty.
        
       | robenkleene wrote:
       | > According to Evan Bacon, one of the developers leading the Expo
       | project, 40 of the top 100 iOS apps are now non-native. And with
       | the proliferation of AI app builders, the future is starting to
       | look even more non-native.
       | 
       | The linked tweet
       | (https://x.com/Baconbrix/status/1888633966938276267) is only
       | about _shopping_ apps.
        
         | trevor-e wrote:
         | Good catch, totally missed that, will update
        
         | s_dev wrote:
         | Why does Apple allow Expo apps on the App Store when they
         | effectively bypass App Review? Doesn't this go against their
         | own policies?
         | 
         | I say that as someone who uses Expo precisely for this reason.
        
           | trevor-e wrote:
           | It's definitely a very gray area within Apple's policy.
           | Shorebird (Flutter OTA updates) describes it best in their
           | FAQ (https://docs.shorebird.dev/faq/#does-shorebird-comply-
           | with-a...).
           | 
           | It seems to be as long as you don't significantly alter the
           | primary purpose of the app, then it's "allowed". But that's a
           | very broad interpretation and puts native Swift apps at a
           | huge disadvantage.
        
         | gleenn wrote:
         | I think there is an implicit assumption that the top 40 apps is
         | reflective of what all app developers should be doing. The top
         | 40 apps are probably also all made my mega corps with enormous
         | budgets and desires to be multi-platform right out of the gate,
         | and also have already vetted necessary issues like "does app
         | performance matter" versus "does developer productivity and
         | app-parity across platforms" matter. Just because a top 40 app
         | is high, maybe it's something like Amazon's shopping app, maybe
         | the trade-offs are heavily towards slow-starting but very
         | feature rich and also equivalent across platforms is necessary.
         | If someone writes a note-taking app that takes 10 seconds to
         | start because it's loading some JavaScript updates and spinning
         | up the non-native code execution hamsters, I already forgot my
         | note. Native is obviously desirable. Or a game is interesting
         | because maybe people are patient for a slow load, but still
         | desire very fast native performance. My main point is there are
         | quite a few trade-offs, and it's unsurprising the leads at Expo
         | are saying look how awesome this stack is. I've used Expo and
         | it was awesome, but it comes with costs too.
        
         | ToucanLoucan wrote:
         | From a strictly UX perspective, I'm strongly of the opinion
         | that most shopping apps also _suck industrial quantities of
         | ass._
         | 
         | Like I use them, I can't not and it beats ordering stuff over
         | the phone or whatever. But most of them at best can rise to the
         | dizzying heights of "tolerable."
        
       | resource_waste wrote:
       | Wow this is interesting AF actually.
       | 
       | I also imagine that Linux is going to have quite the edge over
       | microsoft on AI based programs.
        
       | drowntoge wrote:
       | AI assistance in IDEs was the final nail in the coffin for
       | Apple's development environment, which had already --and
       | consistently-- been lagging behind for over a decade.
        
       | rgovostes wrote:
       | The author's opening complaint is that the AI coding assistant
       | features in Xcode aren't state of the art.
       | 
       | Note: Xcode does have predictive code completion models and Swift
       | Assist. GitHub Copilot for Xcode is an open source extension,
       | proving that it is possible to extend Xcode with newer
       | capabilities.
       | 
       | The author cites examples of superior AI app builders that can
       | generate non-native mobile apps, and claims that this will lead
       | to growth in non-native iOS apps because native development is
       | not keeping up.
       | 
       | The author argues that the lack of AI _native_ app builders is
       | because Xcode is closed source and iOS development is too heavily
       | tied to Xcode. Counterargument: Doesn 't the existence of all
       | these non-native iOS apps the author cites suggest that this
       | isn't really true?
       | 
       | The argument takes shift toward imagining a web-based third-party
       | tool for app development and then describing the obstacles to
       | this, like having to run the iOS simulator in virtual machines on
       | Apple hardware. Where is the argument for why these hypothetical
       | AI app builder tools have to be cloud-based, SaaS, web apps? This
       | is at odds with the author's earlier stated preference for native
       | apps. The idea of cross-compiling SwiftUI to WASM to run in the
       | browser is the exact kind of thing that makes non-native apps
       | buggy and unpleasant to use.
        
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