[HN Gopher] Ketamine for Depression: How It Works (2024) [video]
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       Ketamine for Depression: How It Works (2024) [video]
        
       Author : ViktorRay
       Score  : 69 points
       Date   : 2025-02-07 16:59 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.yalemedicine.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.yalemedicine.org)
        
       | Trasmatta wrote:
       | I would like to try it someday, but I had some really bad trips
       | on dissociative drugs in the past, and I'm worried ketamine will
       | invoke flashbacks.
        
         | orasis wrote:
         | The low dose lozenges very rarely lead to negative experiences.
        
         | dinfinity wrote:
         | It's a blanket fix for all bad trips, but it really does work:
         | Do some MDMA first (just enough to feel the effects, don't go
         | all out). It will put you in a positive state of mind and allow
         | you to experience all the crazy mind-alterations of
         | psychedelics and/or dissociatives without being scared to shit.
        
           | quchen wrote:
           | MDMA and ketamie synergize nontrivially and strongly. I
           | highly recommend against taking MDMA to ease off the ketamie.
           | If you want to combine them for the resulting experience then
           | power to you, but taking MDMA to make ketamie "simpler" is a
           | very bad idea.
           | 
           | I've taken care of multiple ketamie and MDMA overdoses (in
           | the sense of unexpected effects, not just the amount) and
           | they did not have a good time.
        
       | CannonSlugs wrote:
       | I've never tried Ketamine but I have tried shrooms, LSD, and DMT.
       | I have never found the effects be to lasting though, regardless
       | of dose. After one or two days I'm always back to baseline.
       | 
       | I've wondered if a similar thing can be how much people are
       | affected by things like Virtual Reality. After the initial five
       | minute first try I never could get very immersed in VR (more than
       | a regular 2D game). I could never feel any fear of height or
       | anything for instance, it didn't grab me.
       | 
       | I've wondered a while if that is a correlation that spans other
       | people. If the people who get blown away by VR would also have
       | large lasting effects of psychedelics, and vice versa.
        
         | Obscurity4340 wrote:
         | You should try DXM for an interesting "baby ketamine"
         | experience. Just get the pure Robotussin gelcaps, I wouldn't do
         | less than 2 bottles and actually thats generally a good place
         | to start for a decent 2nd plateau trip without getting into the
         | more crazy upper echelon dissociative effects and experience
        
           | giraffe_lady wrote:
           | Mix with sprite, pour it over some ice, and add a couple of
           | your favorite jolly ranchers. That's the start of a good
           | weekend.
        
             | Obscurity4340 wrote:
             | You're thinking of codeine (purple drank). DXM is different
        
               | giraffe_lady wrote:
               | Oh true sorry I hope that didn't undermine your
               | recommendation of recreational megadoses of OTC
               | medication.
        
           | itronitron wrote:
           | 2 bottles of gelcaps? that seems ill-advised
        
             | Obscurity4340 wrote:
             | Its seems crazy right? I mean I guess you can start with
             | one but its best used a bit stronger than that and for a
             | purpose like resetting when you'vr been in a bit of a rut.
             | 
             | Be sure to keep something around to catch any vomit,
             | personally I've almost never not vomited once when it
             | starts to kick in. Have music and media to consume
        
             | konfusinomicon wrote:
             | ehh it wont(ymmv?) kill ya but it sure will rock your world
             | that is certain. truly ill-advised would be to take
             | 60-100mg of benedryl with them, that will shatter reality
             | itself
        
         | ericjmorey wrote:
         | Have you been seeing a therapist about your "baseline" state?
         | What do they say about prescriptions for you?
        
           | CannonSlugs wrote:
           | Maybe I should have clarified, I don't have any diagnoses and
           | don't consider myself depressed in the layman usage of the
           | word. The baseline I'm talking about is whatever you call the
           | regular Joe state.
           | 
           | Since I anticipate some people might go "so what lasting
           | effects did you expect?" I guess I'm thinking more about all
           | the amazing stories you read everywhere about psychedelics.
           | Even in movies and media it's usually presented as something
           | that transforms you in one way or another. I've never quite
           | found that to exist.
        
         | brotchie wrote:
         | Have done both clinical Ketamine and Psilocybin therapy.
         | 
         | Ketamine was very interesting. Proper completely dissociative
         | "K-hole" experience. I feel like it helped with Anxiety, but I
         | can't pinpoint "why" from an introspective perspective.
         | 
         | Psilocybin on the other hand. Was a hero dose, and I'm a
         | changed person afterwards.
         | 
         | Could feel the "layers" of my identity being stripped off,
         | almost regression to a more child-like state. Very interesting
         | experience. Had strong synesthesia: sounds would produce
         | colors, colors would produce tastes, fun experience.
         | 
         | Near the peak of the experience I had these strong recurring
         | auditory hallucination of my mothers says all these random
         | words from my youth, these were accompanied by strong feeling
         | of anxiety. After a lot of post-experience integration and
         | reflection I realized that my mothers anxiety about the world
         | was effectively "programmed" into my brain during my
         | upbringing. e.g. Generationally transmitted anxiety.
         | 
         | Therapy always talks about childhood trauma, etc, but actually
         | experiencing it was another level, and really helped me on my
         | journey to being a less anxious person.
         | 
         | Before the Psilocybin experience, I suffered from existential
         | depression: what's the point of living if the sun is going to
         | explode in ~x billion years. Towards the peak of the experience
         | everything was super chaotic, I felt like I was being
         | transported into different realities (e.g. realities with
         | different laws of physics, or different space time geometries).
         | This was hugely anxiety inducing and would otherwise be called
         | a "bad trip." I felt "lost" in this sea of all different
         | realities.
         | 
         | As I was coming down from the peak and started to reintegrate,
         | I had a strong distinct sense of "coming back" to our current
         | reality. It felt like finding a safe tropical island in a sea
         | of chaos: e.g. our currently reality is a safe space and point
         | of stability in a sea of chaos and uninviting realities.
         | 
         | I was truly, deeply, grateful to be able to return to the
         | familiar and it made me really really deeply appreciate myself
         | and the blessing that our reality is to us.
         | 
         | Post the experience I also acquired the ability to observe my
         | emotions from a third person perspective. e.g. rather than
         | feeling "angry" I could tag the emotion "angry" and react
         | accordingly, almost as if I gained ring 0 access to my brain
         | when I previously only have ring 1 access.
         | 
         | All-in-all probably the most profound and healing experience of
         | my life.                 1. Deeply felt and understood my
         | anxiety was generationally passed on from my mother's anxiety,
         | 2. Eliminated my existential depression, giving me a deep
         | appreciation for the beauty of our reality,       3. Gave me
         | ring 0 access to my emotions making me a much more stable, calm
         | person.
        
           | ycdavidsmith wrote:
           | Beautiful description of your experiences. The psilocybin
           | experience sounds like it was guided by a professional? was
           | it and if so, how did you find that person?
        
         | junon wrote:
         | Have not tried DMT but have the three others. K is... weird.
         | It's totally different from shrooms and LSD. With those, you
         | can kind of steer your trip. With K, it steers you a bit.
         | 
         | Someone I'm very close to was also addicted, using it for
         | emotional suppression. They're luckily off of it and in therapy
         | but it can get nasty. Fair warning.
        
         | RomanPushkin wrote:
         | > tried Ketamine but I have tried shrooms, LSD, and DMT...
         | After one or two days I'm always back to baseline
         | 
         | You did it wrong. You need to micro-dose psilocybe shrooms over
         | the course of ~30 days.
        
           | onemoresoop wrote:
           | There's not only one way that works for all. Glad microdosing
           | works for you
        
         | RomanPushkin wrote:
         | Also, try Amanita Muscaria microdosing that has legal and
         | different active alkaloid (muscimol, not psilocybin), look for
         | the new "Microdosing with Amanita Muscaria" book.
        
         | carabiner wrote:
         | I think for some forms of treatment-resistant depression, no
         | "rapid" treatment can work because the depression has caused
         | physical atrophy, mostly in the hippocampus, over many years.
         | Various studies have shown this atrophy, both in MRI and
         | cadaver studies. So the tissue loss might take years to recover
         | unless we discover some new neurogenic compound (RIP NSI-189).
         | Ketamine, SAINT TMS might still work for other depression
         | though.
        
       | nbf_1995 wrote:
       | I underwent this treatment (Esketamine) a few years ago. I found
       | the acute effects (the "trip") right after taking it quite
       | unpleasant. But as the treatment went on, my mental state
       | improved dramatically.
        
       | user3939382 wrote:
       | I knew someone with a horrible addiction/dependence on ketamine
       | and justified it by always talking about how it cured depression
       | like it was a vitamin.
        
         | sneak wrote:
         | I know people who had horrible addictions to ketamine and
         | adderall (who also had depression and ADHD) who managed to
         | recover from those addictions and years later use them
         | appropriately and in reasonable therapeutic doses on a normal
         | therapeutic schedule for treatment of same.
         | 
         | Anecdotes are not data and abuse potential isn't really
         | relevant to their clinical utility. Do we need to have a
         | comment about junkies whenever someone mentions that they
         | received fentanyl for a major surgery?
        
           | user3939382 wrote:
           | Maybe there's a danger in 100% of the time discussing this
           | drug's benefits with no discussion of the risks.
        
             | amanaplanacanal wrote:
             | Aren't there _always_ risks with any treatment though? I 'm
             | not sure why psychedelics need to be specially called out.
        
         | cantSpellSober wrote:
         | Were they the director of the Yale Depression Research Center?
        
           | itronitron wrote:
           | and are they hiring?
        
             | konfusinomicon wrote:
             | perks include padded floors and walls in the office (yes
             | they are pushing RTO too), and free adult diapers for when
             | your bladder inevitably fails.
        
         | vajrabum wrote:
         | I came here to say this. I know someone who had one dose of
         | ketamine for PTSD after a terrible fire. Worked like magic, but
         | being a regular ketamine user is mind altering in a way that
         | isn't good. These days there are quite a few people who are
         | getting ketamine through a doctor on a weekly basis. John C
         | Lilly was a regular ketamine user and his crazy-seeming
         | thinking and writing later in life is an example to avoid and
         | consider.
        
       | thatguysaguy wrote:
       | If you find this appealing, make sure to do it with a medical
       | professional. If you still want to try it by yourself, read Felix
       | Hill's suicide note first.
        
         | ray_v wrote:
         | I had to do some digging, but I did find this (who knows if
         | it's legitimate or not)
         | 
         | https://docs.google.com/document/d/1-jBoSEVlryiX1IaSzV4vKuih...
        
           | jdthedisciple wrote:
           | that was something:/
        
         | throw-qqqqq wrote:
         | A friend of a friend took MDMA + Ketamine every weekend. K-hole
         | doses. Developed monday-blues which turned into a sort of
         | servere depression as he pressed on. It took a year of
         | abstinence before he felt "normal" again.
         | 
         | Drugs that affect the serotonine system can do this. Burnout
         | from (repeated) overload sort of situation IIUC.
         | 
         | I'm no doctor, but I suspect it's extra dangerous if you're
         | already suffering depression.
         | 
         | I couldn't read the whole note. What a tragedy :'(
        
           | golergka wrote:
           | Taking MDMA every weekend is like drinking a few glasses of
           | hard liquor every day. Meaning, only completely delusional
           | and uninformed people would think it won't destroy your life.
           | 
           | Of course, many people still do it. But they are fully aware
           | of what road they're taking.
        
         | throw18376 wrote:
         | i generally consider myself an enemy of psychedelic advocates,
         | because I think they want to make it effectively socially
         | mandatory to do these drugs, which is really bad.
         | 
         | ("sure, it's your choice what you put in your body, but a
         | really enlightened person wouldn't be so frightened and closed-
         | minded that they don't want to see what psychedelics can show
         | them...")
         | 
         | of course ketamine for depression has this giant downside risk
         | of adverse effects and psychosis, and we should talk about it
         | more, not just sell it as a safe miracle drug.
         | 
         | however... safe, neutral, bland, boring well-tolerated SSRIs,
         | also have a massive downside risk, in that they can trigger a
         | manic episode, which in severe cases also involves psychosis.
         | 
         | so i find myself in the position of being glad there are
         | different depression treatments for different people, including
         | psychedelics and dissociatives, and hopefully we can find a way
         | to make sure people get sorted to the treatments where they are
         | least exposed to the tail risk side effects.
        
           | golergka wrote:
           | > i generally consider myself an enemy of psychedelic
           | advocates, because I think they want to make it effectively
           | socially mandatory to do these drugs, which is really bad. >
           | ("sure, it's your choice what you put in your body, but a
           | really enlightened person wouldn't be so frightened and
           | closed-minded that they don't want to see what psychedelics
           | can show them...")
           | 
           | I'm sorry WHAT? I've been to many open airs and other events
           | where MOST of the people around have been under the effect of
           | psychedelic and in other drug-friendly places, and I have
           | never hear manipulative shit like that ever. On the contrary,
           | if I heard people talk about this drugs it was always "it
           | worked for me but might be a bad experience for you", "be
           | safe, don't take it if you're not sure" and "you can always
           | have a great time here completely sober".
        
             | throw18376 wrote:
             | i think that "we all want to get high on drugs" situations,
             | like festivals, are actually a lot better. it's about
             | personal choice.
             | 
             | when i talk about psychedelic advocates, i mean the people
             | who think that widespread use of psychedelic drugs would
             | massively improve mental health, make people more
             | productive and happier, etc.
        
           | BjoernKW wrote:
           | SSRIs are by no means safe or well-tolerated. They have all
           | sorts of severe, life-altering, mostly permanent side
           | effects: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selective_serotonin_re
           | uptake_i...
           | 
           | There are countless heartbreaking stories of people who were
           | prescribed these drugs not knowing what they were subscribing
           | to. In many cases, the effects of those drugs are worse than
           | the symptoms they are supposed to alleviate. With "I Don't
           | Wanna Be Me" there's even a song by Type O Negative (from
           | Peter Steele's own experience with Prozac) about the
           | devastating effects SSRIs can have on people's lives.
           | 
           | These drugs are handed out like candy while the physicians
           | prescribing them often point-blank deny any side effects or
           | even attribute those to the illness they are meant to treat.
           | 
           | Psychedelics, on the other hand, have actually been proven to
           | be effective for many syndromes SSRIs are commonly used for
           | and by comparison are very safe when used with proper
           | preparation, medical surveillance, and in the right setting.
           | 
           | The only reason psychedelics are still widely shunned is a
           | Puritan attitude to human well-being: You're not supposed to
           | feel better than the common neutral base level. Any drugs
           | achieving that (alongside with other, more specific and
           | intended medical effects) are maligned and ostracized.
        
       | ub-volta-toss wrote:
       | I did this a few times and found it miraculous. The doses were
       | sub k-hole, it just made the world seem cottony and soft. The
       | effect on my psyche was lasting and positive.
       | 
       | A friend who struggles with depression found it useful for a
       | while, but its effects didn't continue after a number of doses.
        
       | jgambier wrote:
       | When I was going through a rough time and SSRIs weren't helping,
       | read all the research on what other solutions were out there.
       | Psilocybin seems to be the most effective but is only legal in
       | Oregon and price quotes were $3,500 for one session. Ketamine
       | coupled with TMS (Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation) was the
       | second. Since both are legal and my insurance covered them, opted
       | to choose these. I will say that the various meta-analyses have
       | some conflicting results.
       | 
       | TMS seemed to be pretty effective for me. It feels incredibly
       | silly to have your brain zapped and is a big time commitment (30
       | days, 1X a day for 10 minutes) but I can't argue with the
       | results.
       | 
       | Ketamine was something else. I did it intravenously, which seemed
       | to be the best way to manage dosage but required going into a
       | clinic. The biggest downside to the whole treatment is that
       | you'll be very drowsy and sometimes down after, and all I wanted
       | to do was go to bed. Taking the Uber home is not pleasant. The
       | esketamine nasal sprays allow you to do it at home at lower
       | dosages.
       | 
       | Once you get over the feeling of leaving your body, it can be
       | quite nice. Overall, it led to unblocking some life time hold ups
       | I had, and made me a better person. I had 5 sessions, 4 of them
       | were overwhelmingly positive. The last was a dark couple hours
       | where I hyperfocused on all my internal fears and failures. It
       | also led to a lot of existential thoughts and questioning the
       | fabric of reality which isn't all bad in small doses. I can see
       | how excessive use could start to be counterproductive, it's good
       | to stay connected to this reality. I don't understand how people
       | use this as a party drug.
       | 
       | I would absolutely recommend it in a controlled setting for
       | limited treatment, but would caution those with addictive
       | personalities to be careful, not to see it as a silver bullet or
       | a crutch, to make sure you're in a neutral mental space and that
       | you're comfortable wherever you're doing it. In tandem, I
       | listened to a fair amount of buddhist podcasts from Joseph
       | Goldstein that helped build out the spiritual/learning side.
       | 
       | I'd like to see psylocibin treatment be more readily available at
       | a lower price across the nation as an alternative.
        
         | golergka wrote:
         | > Psilocybin seems to be the most effective but is only legal
         | in Oregon and price quotes were $3,500 for one session
         | 
         | That's a completely ridiculous price, about 300-500 times the
         | "street" price of shrooms. In countries that I have familiarity
         | with (not USA), shrooms have always been "technically illegal"
         | drug which law enforcement never actually actively enforced,
         | either formally through procedure (with doses below 100 grams
         | considered fine-only territory), or informally, because the
         | cops just don't take it seriously.
         | 
         | So to me it seems like you're choosing to follow the law even
         | though it would not hurt anyone and you would not get into any
         | trouble, just out of pure principle. That's actually quite
         | impressive.
        
           | avtar wrote:
           | > That's a completely ridiculous price, about 300-500 times
           | the "street" price of shrooms
           | 
           | I'm not going to argue that the exact rates are justified,
           | but chances are the person you're replying to was referring
           | to psilocybin assisted therapy in clinical settings. So
           | someone would be signing up to pay for having at least one
           | therapist oversee the process, if not physicians and other
           | staff as well. Factor in their time, operating costs,
           | insurance, etc. it shouldn't be a surprise that the legal
           | option will cost considerably more than buying mushrooms in a
           | paper bag :)
        
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