[HN Gopher] How does fentanyl get into the US?
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       How does fentanyl get into the US?
        
       Author : tartoran
       Score  : 48 points
       Date   : 2025-02-04 16:39 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.bbc.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.bbc.com)
        
       | jf22 wrote:
       | It's amazing the US started a trade war over 74,000 deaths from
       | Fentanyl when heart disease causes 10x more deaths.
        
         | bigdict wrote:
         | Have you seen the RFK confirmation hearing?
        
         | knowaveragejoe wrote:
         | It was never about a perceived moral crusade against fentanyl
         | and addiction at large. It's only ever been about throwing our
         | weight around to disrupt alliances and institutions with the
         | goal of destroying American soft power.
        
         | wavefunction wrote:
         | it's just political theater mostly to provide the appearance of
         | "doing something" while also providing a new excuse for why
         | high prices are still high and continue to rise
         | 
         | certain political figures and their supporters just need a
         | story to tell, it doesn't have to be particularly accurate or
         | even coherent for their purposes
        
         | moate wrote:
         | Ahh yes, that was definitely the core reason and not just
         | something sensational to put out as the cause. We definitely
         | care about drug deaths in this country _wink_.
         | 
         | Feels like the main reasons you institute tariffs,
         | historically, is to 1- control the production/flow of goods and
         | 2- to raise money for other endeavors. As tariffs are a much
         | more difficult form of taxation for a payer to track (they're
         | not getting a bill the way they do on income/real estate taxes,
         | it's being hidden in the cost of the good) they're also a great
         | way to obfuscate "raising taxes" if you're running on a
         | platform of, say "I'm going to institute the largest tax break
         | in American history".
        
           | robertlagrant wrote:
           | People voted for fewer drug deaths, and it looks as though
           | the looming tariffs have stirred a drug-death-preventing
           | response, which has paused the tariffs[0]. It seems as though
           | people are getting what they voted for so far?
           | 
           | [0] https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/trump-discuss-tariffs-
           | canadi...
        
           | leptons wrote:
           | > As tariffs are a much more difficult form of taxation for a
           | payer to track (they're not getting a bill the way they do on
           | income/real estate taxes, it's being hidden in the cost of
           | the good)
           | 
           | Oh no, _it 's very easy_. When I sell my product, I will be
           | including the exact amount the buyer is paying above what is
           | normal due to tariffs. The tariffs are very well expressed on
           | the purchase price of the parts that go into the product, so
           | it's very easy for me to add up the tariffs and tell the
           | buyer how much more trump is demanding they pay for the
           | product.
        
           | mvdtnz wrote:
           | You may not care about drug deaths, but many people do.
        
             | moate wrote:
             | Sweetheart, your assumption that I don't care about drug
             | deaths because I think that the president would cynically
             | use them as cover for him to make political moves, is very
             | very stupid.
             | 
             | There's nothing whatsoever in my statement that implied
             | that I personally don't care about people dying from laced
             | drugs, so let's not go making assumptions about each other,
             | deal?
        
               | mvdtnz wrote:
               | > Sweetheart
               | 
               | Really gross mate.
        
         | sashank_1509 wrote:
         | A bad comparison. Fentanyl deaths are fully avoidable, heart
         | diseases have existed forever.
        
           | BudaDude wrote:
           | They are also for the most part avoidable
        
           | lnxg33k1 wrote:
           | If you start to ban cigarettes, mcdonalds and similar, also
           | many heart diseases can be avoided
        
             | dboreham wrote:
             | [flagged]
        
             | slothtrop wrote:
             | Tobacco consumption has plummeted in the West and continues
             | to. If anything it shows that sin taxes and messaging work.
             | A ban leads to a black market and would be a gross
             | overstep. Alcohol consumption has also fallen.
             | 
             | For one we could stop subsidizing suspect products (e.g.
             | HFCS) and create other incentives.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | There are things we can do that people are not doing. However
           | plenty of people who do eat well and exercise die of heart
           | diseases and we don't know how to stop that.
        
           | culi wrote:
           | Point taken, but archeologists and anthropologists have known
           | for a while now that cardiovascular disease is virtually
           | absent in non-industrial societies.
           | 
           | And we also know there's a ton more that could be done to
           | lessen how common heart disease is
        
             | slothtrop wrote:
             | What's the life expectancy again in non-industrial
             | societies?
        
           | aylmao wrote:
           | Working on US healthcare affordability would avoid plenty of
           | these (and many other) deaths.
        
           | tayo42 wrote:
           | get rid of fentanyl and how many go back to overdosing on
           | heroine and oxycodone etc...
        
           | slothtrop wrote:
           | Heart disease is more preventable than given credence.
           | Prevention is the best medicine.
           | 
           | Vehicle deaths are also avoidable.
        
         | Der_Einzige wrote:
         | But that war (against metabolic syndrome) is already won
         | because of Ozempic/Wegovy/Zepbound. Give it 20 years.
        
           | ge96 wrote:
           | It seems bad to fix a problem that can be addressed by self
           | control. It's like making a bulky un-aerodynamic car go
           | farther by adding a bigger engine/more fuel. But I understand
           | too when you're 100s of lbs overweight it can seem impossible
           | to change. I work out myself but my motivation is to get laid
           | vs. actually embracing health I still binge eat for fun.
           | 
           | I think Ozempic doesn't have crazy side effects other than
           | the face? Could be wrong
           | 
           | Edit: Regarding the topic at hand, I either don't drink or
           | binge drink so I'm no saint same with driving fast.
        
             | Izikiel43 wrote:
             | Why are you assuming it can always be fixed by self
             | control? Some people have complete bad standards for eating
             | compared to a regular person, both in quantity and quality.
             | The drugs help deal only with the quantity.
        
               | ge96 wrote:
               | Yeah different approaches to a problem, drugs, physical
               | changes (surgery to stomach size), maybe something like
               | CBT. When I get bored I binge eat so I get it.
        
             | bhaney wrote:
             | > It seems bad to fix a problem that can be addressed by
             | self control.
             | 
             | This argument applies similarly to the fentanyl crisis,
             | since people could simply have the self control to not take
             | fentanyl recreationally. Do you have a similar belief that
             | the government shouldn't be trying to stop the mass import
             | of fentanyl and other harmful drugs?
        
               | ge96 wrote:
               | Sure if the drugs aren't there to begin with can't take
               | em. But also depends where you are/who you associate with
               | which again if you're in the bad areas probably exposed
               | more to drugs/less hope of getting out having a better
               | life. I guess I'm fortunate I've only ever been exposed
               | to/try the weaker stuff.
        
               | aylmao wrote:
               | Actually, yes. I think the government should be
               | addressing the cost-of-living crisis, loneliness crisis,
               | the high cost of health, the overprescription of opioids,
               | and the cultural issues that all contribute to people
               | opting for fentanyl in the first place.
               | 
               | If the government manages to stop fentanyl imports,
               | people will simply either manufacture fentanyl locally or
               | opt for other drugs. I agree that it's not a matter of
               | self-control-- a fentanyl addict can't simply will its
               | way out of it-- but there is a reason they chose to
               | consume fentanyl in the first place, and despite knowing
               | its effects, willingly chose to "escape reality".
        
             | sempron64 wrote:
             | Obesity rates have been increasing globally for decades.
             | 
             | There is no example of a country that has reduced obesity
             | through public policy, food policy (even in the EU with
             | strong GMO regulations), or messaging.
             | 
             | From a government level a different approach is necessary.
             | So far GLP-1 inhibitors are the only things that have
             | worked at scale. Let's see if that holds up.
             | 
             | https://data.worldobesity.org/region/european-union-
             | uk-1/#da...
        
               | aylmao wrote:
               | That' doesn't address the main point of the ge96's
               | comment though, which is that we seem to be replacing a
               | problem with a dependence in medication, which could
               | cause further problems. It seems akin to solving the
               | loneliness epidemic [1] or the prevalence of depression,
               | which some call an "epidemic" [2], with anti-depressants.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/surgeon-
               | general-soci...
               | 
               | [2] https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S22
               | 1265701...
        
             | keybored wrote:
             | It's bad to fix a problem if the solution has side effects.
             | I mean that's the pragmatic, health-based answer to whether
             | it is good or bad.
             | 
             | If these don't have adverse effects then it is not bad.
             | What "bad" we are left with is character-moralizing.
             | 
             | We could go further. "It is bad to fix your obesity by
             | removing yourself from bad food." Because this does not
             | involve self-control either. If you isolate yourself from
             | grocery stores and only have access to certain foods you
             | can lose weight without self-control.
        
               | ge96 wrote:
               | "isolate yourself from grocery stores" that sounds like
               | self control. Anyway not trying to argue this.
               | 
               | if it's working for people great, I'm on the boat that
               | does not like it when obesity is supported eg. in
               | victoria secret but I'll just sound like an ahole to say
               | that
               | 
               | edit: I'm also on the side of being somewhat against
               | physical/genetic modification as it lies to your
               | partner/future child what you actually look like but when
               | it gets to that stage (eg. crispr) then I guess it
               | doesn't matter.
               | 
               | I'm not religious so it's not from that perspective I'm
               | also not white
               | 
               | Last thing I'll add, why not too, I mean humans don't
               | have wings yet we engineered airplanes to surpass birds,
               | is that wrong?
               | 
               | I am a nihilist to some extent so yeah really nothing
               | matters except what is truly real pain/suffering and
               | death.
        
               | keybored wrote:
               | > edit: I'm also on the side of being somewhat against
               | physical/genetic modification as it lies to your
               | partner/future child what you actually look like but when
               | it gets to that stage (eg. crispr) then I guess it
               | doesn't matter.
               | 
               | Being predisposed to obesity and yet overcoming it by
               | working 300% harder than average (compared to someone who
               | exercises at all) on your diet and fitness is another way
               | to lie.
               | 
               | But this is self-control so then it is irrationally
               | different I guess.
               | 
               | > I am a nihilist to some extent so yeah really nothing
               | matters except what is truly real pain/suffering and
               | death.
               | 
               | Random existential observations but okay.
        
             | tartoran wrote:
             | > It seems bad to fix a problem that can be addressed by
             | self control.
             | 
             | I don't think it's only about self control. but it would
             | probably be easier if the industry wasn't pushing junk food
             | and sugary food on Americans. Look, other countries don't
             | have this problem. Does it mean that self control vanishes
             | within US borders?
        
               | ge96 wrote:
               | someone else in this comment chain linked to stats how
               | obesity is going up everywhere (other countries) but
               | anyway, another thing to consider how cigarette packs
               | nowadays have disgusting images of cancer-ridden organs
               | or whatever on them and people still buy them
               | 
               | I also think regarding fentanyl it's a legit drug in
               | hospitals so there will be a source
        
               | tartoran wrote:
               | >nowadays have disgusting images of cancer-ridden organs
               | or whatever on them and people still buy them
               | 
               | I think smoking cigarettes went way down in the US and
               | other parts of the world. Sure, people still use them but
               | the overall downward trend is good and that is because
               | something was done about it.
        
         | bhaney wrote:
         | If we could put tariffs on heart disease we would
        
           | gberger wrote:
           | We can, though? A sugar tax.
        
         | from-nibly wrote:
         | We don't profit from fentanyl deaths.
        
         | hammock wrote:
         | We grow that at home. (Corn, soy and sugar)
         | 
         | In fact the tariffs will help fund the farm bills.
        
           | culi wrote:
           | US agriculture is already arguably the most heavily
           | subsidized in the world
        
         | readthenotes1 wrote:
         | Why don't we ban automobiles since they cause 41,000 deaths per
         | year?
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | A lot more people use automobiles. Hard drugs are used, but
           | very few people use them, many have never tried them.
        
         | coderc wrote:
         | 74,000 is the approximate number for just 2023. The number was
         | even higher in 2022. It's not "just" 74,000 deaths.
        
           | nomel wrote:
           | ~180k from 2015-2022 [1]. If the fraction of fentanyl is
           | similar for 2023 and 2024 [2], then the number would be over
           | 300k (I don't see direct numbers for 2023 or 2024).
           | 
           | [1] https://usafacts.org/articles/are-fentanyl-overdose-
           | deaths-r...
           | 
           | [2] https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/overdose-
           | deaths-a...
        
         | michaelt wrote:
         | If you think that's a surprise, consider the fact the US
         | responded to 3000 deaths on September 11th with a 20 year,
         | multi-trillion-dollar pair of wars that killed far more than
         | 3000 people.
         | 
         | It turns out there are a lot of concerns beyond than the number
         | of bodies.
        
         | jollyllama wrote:
         | What's the YLL stats on fent vs heart disease?
        
         | scythe wrote:
         | Generally we are more concerned when people die at 40 than at
         | 80. The latter is considered "normal". There are a few ways
         | that the epidemiologists try to quantify this notion -- DALYs
         | or QALYs.
         | 
         | Fentanyl takes people young. And it's new. Those
         | characteristics make it a serious concern.
        
         | invalidOrTaken wrote:
         | wait til you hear what they did in 2001!
        
         | polotics wrote:
         | One usually measures years of life-expectancy lost. Your heart
         | attacks victims may well be 80 year old with 5 average years
         | left, you need more than ten of those to account from one 20
         | year old incautious party girl...
        
         | fngjdflmdflg wrote:
         | Last I looked at this (in a different context, a few years
         | ago,) I read that most heart disease deaths are essentially
         | natural deaths. Someone has to die from _something_ and heart
         | disease is one of those things. (Eating worse could perhaps be
         | making people die earlier by one or two years on average.)
         | 
         | Some data (not exactly the same I found last time, but seems to
         | still be accurate as I recalled it):
         | 
         | >About 82% of people who die of coronary heart disease are 65
         | or older[0]
         | 
         | See also the CDC's list of deaths by cause by age group:
         | 
         | For 65 years and over, Diseases of heart is ranked 1st (531,583
         | deaths in 2019). For 45-64 years, it is 1st in 1980 and second
         | in 2019 (111,975). For 25-44 years it is 4th (13,994) and 15-24
         | years it is 5th (1,223 and 872 total deaths for 1980 and 2019
         | respectively).[1]
         | 
         | I'm also pretty sure many (most?) drug overdoses manifest as
         | cardiac arrest and are probably included in "Diseases of the
         | heart:"
         | 
         | >Drug overdose is a leading cause of cardiac arrest and is
         | currently the second leading cause of overall injury-related
         | fatality in the United States.[2]
         | 
         | [0] https://memorialhermann.org/services/specialties/heart-
         | and-v...
         | 
         | [1] https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hus/2020-2021/LCODAge.pdf
         | 
         | [2] https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3399948/
        
         | inglor_cz wrote:
         | If victims of Fentanyl die much younger than victims of heart
         | disease, the total # of lost years of life can be of the same
         | order.
         | 
         | I remember reading that elimination of heart disease would
         | increase life expectancy by some 5,5 years. Not nothing, but it
         | indicates that most people die of heart disease at a relatively
         | old age, when something else would kill them quite soon.
         | 
         | OTOH if a Fentanyl victim loses 40 or 50 years of potential
         | life, that is a major loss for society as a whole. Kids may not
         | be born etc.
        
           | dragonwriter wrote:
           | > If victims of Fentanyl die much younger than victims of
           | heart disease, the total # of lost years of life can be of
           | the same order.
           | 
           | It can be even without that if you are looking at quality-
           | adjusted life years and not just raw life years.
        
       | blastonico wrote:
       | I don't like Trump but I have to admit he's doing a great job
       | here.
        
         | dgfitz wrote:
         | He is doing what he said he would do, hard to argue with that.
         | 
         | Hard to say at the moment if anything he is doing is "great" or
         | not. I choose to observe instead of emoting about it. Half the
         | world is convinced the sky is falling, and half are cheering.
         | 
         | I'm the person in the middle of the (probably) not-overlapping
         | venn diagram.
        
           | ge96 wrote:
           | Project 2025 is crazy when you read off the items
        
           | ks2048 wrote:
           | I don't think it's hard to argue with "He is doing what he
           | said he would do".
           | 
           | He said on day one he'd lower grocery prices. He said he had
           | nothing to do with Project 2025 and on day one he signed a
           | stack of executive ordered hand written by the Heritage
           | Foundation. etc.
        
             | _DeadFred_ wrote:
             | Don't forget he said the Ukraine was would already be over
             | as well. MAGA has moved the goalpost so far from 'get away
             | from being warmongers on day one' to 'Annex Canada, annex
             | Greenland, go to war with Panama, send troops to take out
             | the Cartels'. Truly 1984 stuff going on.
        
               | dgfitz wrote:
               | I must be the only dumbass that sees billionaires running
               | the world and compare things to atlas shrugged instead of
               | 1984. Hell, Brave New World fits better than 1984.
        
             | dgfitz wrote:
             | And yet Guantanamo Bay is still open.
             | 
             | Yeah, he hasn't done everything he claimed, and I imagine
             | he won't, most politicians don't. He was very clear about
             | all the things he has done so far, and this is hard to
             | argue.
             | 
             | Making a bad-faith argument about one specific point
             | doesn't negate the argument.
        
         | TwoNineA wrote:
         | 19kg of Fentanyl got smuggled from Canada into the US in 2024,
         | not even 1% of the total. Yet POTUS decides to impose a 25%
         | tarrif on all canadian goods because of it. Even if it was a
         | bluff, 100+ years friendship, solidarity and good will was just
         | flushed down the toilet and it will probably take decades to
         | fix. But hey, good job!
         | 
         | How are those egg prices coming?
        
           | oremolten wrote:
           | How do you know the exact figure of fentanyl smuggled into
           | the US from CAN?
           | 
           | I doubt even the cartels could give you an exact figure as
           | they aren't the only ones smuggling the drugs or the
           | precursors.
           | 
           | Are you saying we only intercepted 19kg? How wouldn't that
           | make sense to you considering the disparity of population
           | density at the borders, as well as the infrastructure and
           | staffing at each border??
           | 
           | Canada already Tariffs many products coming from the USA,
           | many even exceeding 200%. The political theater and
           | kindergarten understanding of geo-politics would explain your
           | take on "100 years of friendship flushed down the toilet"
           | lol.
        
           | kjksf wrote:
           | In 2024 Canada had those tariffs on US goods:
           | - milk: 270%       - cheese: 245%       - butter: 298%
           | - poultry: 238%       - eggs: 163%
           | 
           | Tell me again how good of a friend Canada is to US.
           | 
           | People freak out about Trump's proposed tariffs as if other
           | countries do not already have tariffs on US.
        
             | polotics wrote:
             | source?
        
             | aylmao wrote:
             | Worth noting, Canada doesn't actually charge 270% tariffs
             | on milk. The base tariff for milk is 7.5%:
             | 
             | > Canada's whole system is built to avoid a surplus --
             | hence its name, "supply management." [...] Within quota,
             | the tariff is 7.5%. Over-quota milk faces a 241% tariff.
             | [1]
             | 
             | I also have to agree with Derek Holt here:
             | 
             | > Derek Holt, an economist at Scotiabank, said in a
             | research note. "Better judgment would question whether an
             | entire trading relationship needs to be jeopardized in
             | order to appeal to dairy farmers in Wisconsin." [1]
             | 
             | [1] https://www.farmprogress.com/management/does-canada-
             | really-c... https://www.farmprogress.com/management/does-
             | canada-really-c...
        
             | fooster wrote:
             | Even if those numbers are true, you do understand that is a
             | very different situation than 25% tariff across the board,
             | and 10% on energy for completely disingenuous reasons.
             | 
             | If it wasn't for oil, natural gas, power Canada would be at
             | a trade surplus with the US. Oil and Natural gas are not
             | things are not easy to find replacement US based sources.
             | 
             | https://economics.td.com/ca-canada-us-trade-balance
        
             | nullhole wrote:
             | A country that tears up an agreement it renegotiated and
             | signed four years earlier over spurious claims* isn't a
             | friend and isn't to be trusted.
             | 
             | Sure, the dairy carveouts - which the US and Trump agreed
             | to, again, just four years ago - are stupid artifacts of a
             | farmers lobby group, but threatening to blow up our economy
             | on a whim makes the US unfriendly and untrustworthy. Doing
             | all that while the leader repeatedly says they want to
             | annex our country by economic force and make us a state
             | turns things from untrustworthy to adversary.
             | 
             | If trump wanted free trade to end, he may have gotten it,
             | because a huge amount of the trust that underlay the north
             | american economy is gone now. If you're cheering that on
             | because the number of eggs your dairy farmers are able to
             | export is under a quota, then I can only say your point of
             | view is far too limited.
             | 
             | * The effectively null amounts of fentanyl & migrants
             | crossing the border.
        
         | aredox wrote:
         | Mexico and Canada agreed to do something... They were already
         | doing with Biden.
         | 
         | "Hook, line and sinker", heh?
        
           | blargthorwars wrote:
           | Mexico agreed to an _additional_ 10,000 troops.
        
             | bdcravens wrote:
             | The question is was their level of support already maxed
             | out without the threat of tariffs? Previous agreements were
             | already pretty substantial. (And fly in the face of a
             | conspiracy of an "open border" where both sides are just
             | looking the other way)
             | 
             | https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/presidents-us-
             | mexico-...
        
         | bdcravens wrote:
         | I think it will take several months to know if that's the case,
         | since we don't know (or choose to ignore) the ramifications for
         | the economy as a whole.
        
         | _DeadFred_ wrote:
         | In the inland northwest we are sending a lot more fent/mexi's
         | north than are coming south. BC bud was an issue...back before
         | Washington legalized.
         | 
         | Also the deals announced were deals already done prior to this
         | administration.
        
         | senectus1 wrote:
         | a great job of what?
         | 
         | honestly all i see is incompetence and creating situations only
         | to solve them and claim victory, while letting some loon
         | terrorize and try to dismantle the bureaucracy
        
       | spiderfarmer wrote:
       | Imposing tariffs, further impoverishing the poor, in order to not
       | show compassion for your own citizens? That doesn't just sound
       | backwards, it just is. The fentanyl crisis is just being used as
       | an excuse to impose the tariffs. By now it's well known that
       | Trump desperately wants to proof his professor wrong and if the
       | world has to burn, so be it.
        
         | tivert wrote:
         | > By now it's well known that Trump desperately wants to proof
         | his professor wrong
         | 
         | By now it it's well known that globalization is for a fantasy
         | world that doesn't exist, and people should stop listening so
         | much to economics professors. Trade barriers need to go up to
         | re-orient things. Unfortunately, Trump is unlikely to do it
         | competently.
        
           | spiderfarmer wrote:
           | You guys tried everything but the things other countries that
           | do well are doing. But hey, let's try to stop globalization
           | as a single country.
        
           | janalsncm wrote:
           | A 10% tariff on China won't stop globalization. Even an 100%
           | tariff wouldn't. American goods aren't 10% more expensive, a
           | lot of them are 10x more expensive.
           | 
           | Look for American made kitchen knives. You will be lucky to
           | spend less than $2k on a block of Made in USA knives.
           | Meanwhile you can get a pretty good set made in China for
           | under $200.
           | 
           | If you wanted American companies to compete, you would need a
           | 10x tariff to make that $200 knife set cost $2000.
        
       | henvic wrote:
       | Ending the war on drugs would be a wise choice. Treat drug
       | addicts as people with a health issue instead of making the
       | entire society pay for it due to the fact that the druggies pay
       | the cartels to smuggle drugs to them and all the consequences of
       | the drug wars...
       | 
       | Tariffs are just taxes that will destroy the economy.
        
         | pton_xd wrote:
         | Portland tried that in 2020 by decriminalizing drug possession.
         | 
         | They reversed course and recently passed a law to recriminalize
         | possession. I think its the right move. Downtown turned into a
         | very unpleasant place.
        
           | culi wrote:
           | It wasn't Portland. Voters in Oregon as a whole passed
           | Measure 110 in 2020 that replaced criminal penalties for
           | possession of small amounts of drugs with $100 fines.
           | 
           | Then in April of 2024 House Bill 4002 made possession once
           | again a misdemeanor but kept most of the other provisions of
           | Measure 110 and still focuses on "deflecting" people who
           | possess out of the criminal justice system and into treatment
           | programs.
           | 
           | So Measure 110 is still mostly in effect. They just made it
           | so you do in fact have something on your record if you're
           | caught with possession.
        
             | throw0101a wrote:
             | > _It wasn 't Portland. Voters in Oregon as a whole passed
             | Measure 110 in 2020 that replaced criminal penalties for
             | possession of small amounts of drugs with $100 fines._
             | 
             | Unless you're forced to do something to deal with the
             | addiction then there's probably not much point for this
             | kind of thing:
             | 
             | > _Starting September 1, 2024, possession of hard drugs
             | became classified as a criminal misdemeanor outside of the
             | regular A-E categorization system, carrying a sentence of
             | up to 6 months of jail, which may be waived if the
             | convictee enters into mandatory drug treatment.[8][9]_
             | 
             | * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Oregon_Ballot_Measure_
             | 110
             | 
             | Of course one needs to keep at it, otherwise things fall
             | apart:
             | 
             | > _Funding ebbed still more recently due to new national
             | budget pressures, which undercut efforts encouraging
             | addicts into rehabilitation programs. The results of
             | "disinvestment" and "a freezing in [their] response" led
             | Goulao to state that "what we have today no longer serves
             | as an example to anyone."_
             | 
             | > _Speaking more quantitatively, drug users in treatment
             | declined from 1,150 to 352 (from 2015 to 2021) as funding
             | dropped in 2012 from $82.7 million to $17.4 million. Budget
             | pressures and the apparent desire to cut immediate program
             | costs of drug addiction (distinct from the total societal
             | cost of drug addiction) led to program decentralization and
             | the use of NGOs. Anecdotal evidence of a fragmenting, even
             | breaking, system abounds: Demoralized police no longer cite
             | addicts to get them into treatment and at least some NGOs
             | view the effort as less about treatment and more about
             | framing lifetime drug use as a right._
             | 
             | * https://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article/is-portugals-
             | dru...
             | 
             | The other question is does the US have the resources (that
             | people can afford) to have folks go to treatment.
        
           | bdcravens wrote:
           | The "war on drugs" has been waged for more than 40+ years. It
           | seems like it takes more than a few years, most of which was
           | during the worst public health crisis in generations, to
           | succeed.
           | 
           | Most incarceration is about helping those who aren't the ones
           | suffering (evidenced by "... a very unpleasant place"). Not
           | attacking you for your comment, just pointing out the
           | paradigm we as a society have.
        
           | be_erik wrote:
           | Decriminalization is step the first step. The obvious result
           | is going to be that a problem _sometimes_ hidden becomes more
           | prevalent. What failed in the Portland experiment was a lack
           | of stable housing coupled with a public space system that was
           | never designed for use by those afflicted by addiction.
           | 
           | The deterioration of our public spaces is not caused by our
           | drug epidemic, it's the logical outcome when the state fails
           | to provide services to the most vulnerable. People literally
           | have nowhere else to go.
        
             | EA-3167 wrote:
             | Imagine that you're a politician trying to keep your job
             | ahead of an election, and your opponent points to your
             | policy making the lives of your constituents miserable. You
             | understand that the argument you're making here would be
             | political suicide, you'd be replaced, and the policy would
             | be reversed.
             | 
             | How would you sell this in a way that could get you re-
             | elected?
        
               | gosub100 wrote:
               | Imagine you're a politician trying to keep your job and
               | during your term you magically solved a crisis (somehow,
               | just pretend one of their 'plans' actually worked).
               | 
               | How would you persuade voters to NOT vote for that other
               | guy, now that the problem is solved? How would you
               | "secure more funding" for x,y, or z now that z doesn't
               | exist? If you eradicate suffering, you can't blame the
               | other side for it anymore. It's political suicide.
        
               | EA-3167 wrote:
               | I don't think that's really a factor, because
               | realistically the world is FAR from having any form of
               | suffering eradicated. At best, most of what we can do is
               | a good faith attempt to minimize suffering, and even
               | that's incredibly difficult to do at scale.
        
               | robotnikman wrote:
               | A good reason why every leadership position should have
               | term limits. If you have no chance for re-election, might
               | as well go ahead and put in policies which may hurt in
               | the short term but are overall great in the long term.
        
               | inglor_cz wrote:
               | Do you expect such development in the case of the current
               | president?
        
               | EA-3167 wrote:
               | Yeah I'm certainly in favor of term limits for almost
               | every position, even if in some cases they'd be very
               | generous limits. That sort of thing isn't a one-shot fix
               | though, there's always the NEXT job to think about. "I'm
               | a mayor for 4 years, limited by law, but I'll be governor
               | next, and then a house member, then senator, etc." Or it
               | might be about work in the private sector that comes
               | after political life... incentives have a way of adapting
               | themselves to this sort of remedy.
               | 
               | It's still a good idea, but term limits only really work
               | as part of a much broader program of oversight and
               | control over the incentives of politicians.
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | Decriminalizing possession is one thing, but if the selling
             | market is still illegal you really haven't done much other
             | than keeping the jails a bit less full
        
           | tayo42 wrote:
           | decriminalizing is a half assed way to try to help. The only
           | issue with drug use isnt that you'll get arrested for
           | possesion.
           | 
           | You need access to safe and clean drugs. Support systems need
           | to be in place. The look of downtown isn't the only way to
           | measure success. How many people aren't dying because there
           | isn't a stigma around drug use, where clean and predictable
           | drug doses (like alcohol) can be had, drug testing kits, safe
           | pieces to use with, safe places to be etc
        
           | drpfenderson wrote:
           | Seemingly, the major failure there was having the one part
           | (decriminalization) without the other - crucial - part
           | (treatment and support).
           | 
           | The support and treatment structures have remained
           | essentially unchanged since Measure 110 passed, with holdups
           | to funding and logistics at almost every level of the state's
           | government. Oregon was already ranked almost dead last in
           | addiction treatment, and that hasn't budged. I can't see how
           | it would work without this other critical piece.
           | 
           | Oregon Public Broadcasting (OPB) has some good coverage about
           | this failure from the first couple years (which was never
           | really rectified):
           | https://www.opb.org/article/2022/05/24/oregons-
           | measure-110-i...
           | 
           | Also worth noting is that research has found no association
           | with with Measure 110 and crime, and crime has been steadily
           | falling since the measure was passed. (along with most other
           | metro areas in the USA)
           | https://www.opb.org/article/2024/01/24/portland-crime-
           | violen...
        
           | aylmao wrote:
           | I haven't been to Portland since 2018, but I have been to and
           | seen LA and San Francisco downtowns. They didn't
           | decriminalize, but their downtowns are pretty unpleasant too.
           | 
           | I wonder to what degree Portland is a product of its local
           | policy (like this decriminalization/recriminalization) vs the
           | national trends that are seen across the USA.
        
             | aerostable_slug wrote:
             | One might argue they de facto decriminalized drug
             | consumption and personal-usage-level possession in LA and
             | SF.
        
           | slothtrop wrote:
           | Decriminalization seems to lead to negative outcomes in every
           | respect, including prostitution. I expect legalization is
           | what's required as that would allow for optimal regulation
           | and tax.
           | 
           | You could go the way of East Asia. That would be very
           | difficult, but easy access to narcotics could lead to
           | disastrous results.
        
         | fortylove wrote:
         | This sentiment peaked in popularity in urban areas ~4 years
         | ago. Since then I've noticed support for this position slowly
         | eroding, and my hypothesis is that the general population has
         | slowly had enough interactions with someone who is on fent.
        
         | throw0101a wrote:
         | > _Tariffs are just taxes that will destroy the economy._
         | 
         | Tariffs are taxes _and subsidies_. See  "Tariffs Give U.S.
         | Steelmakers a Green Light to Lift Prices":
         | 
         | > _Executives from U.S. steel companies were enthusiastic
         | backers of the 2018 tariffs and have urged Trump to deploy them
         | again in his second term. They have called for the elimination
         | of tariff exemptions and duty-free import quotas, saying those
         | carve-outs allow unfairly low-price steel to enter the U.S. and
         | undermine the steel market._
         | 
         | [...]
         | 
         | > _Higher prices for imported steel are often followed by
         | domestic suppliers raising their own prices, which then get
         | passed through supply chains, manufacturing executives said.
         | For consumers already reeling from rising retail prices and
         | inflation, pricier steel and aluminum could further lift costs
         | for durable goods like appliances and automobiles, as well as
         | consumer products with aluminum packaging, such as canned
         | beverages._
         | 
         | > _"The issue with tariffs is everybody raises their prices,
         | even the domestics," said Ralph Hardt, owner of Belleville
         | International, a Pennsylvania-based manufacturer of valves and
         | components used in the energy and defense industries. Steel and
         | aluminum are Belleville's largest expenses._
         | 
         | * https://www.wsj.com/economy/trade/trump-tariffs-mexico-
         | canad...
         | 
         | So tariffs are taxes in the sense that consumers are paying
         | higher prices. But they are subsidies in that domestic
         | companies don't have as much pressure on prices and can get
         | more money.
         | 
         | So if you want to help a particular industry might as well just
         | go with subsidies directly instead of the taxation add-on as
         | well.
        
           | bdcravens wrote:
           | This is something that is ignored: the companies not affected
           | by tariffs will raise their prices. Any intimation that they
           | will keep prices the same is disingenuous. Leaving money on
           | the table would be anti-capitalist.
        
         | tayo42 wrote:
         | People making decisions around drugs have no experience with
         | drugs and users.
         | 
         | They just get hysterical information about the extreme cases
         | and extrapolate to everyone.
         | 
         | People just need to be supported through hard times and
         | experimentation phases so they come out the other side.
         | 
         | So many people eventually get clean, stop using and get back to
         | having productive lives.
         | 
         | I saw so many unnecessary deaths, friends with potential, die,
         | because we don't want to help and support them. Overdoses are
         | not needed.These aren't street people that make up so much of
         | the hysteria, just middle class normal people that had their
         | life go a certain way.
         | 
         | People don't want fentanyl or fake drugs in general. Access to
         | drugs that can be measured are safe. Opiods are safe, doctors
         | give fentanyl to patients constantly, and you don't come out of
         | surgeries a opioid addict because you got a dose one times.
         | 
         | The hysterical people need to learn there place in the
         | discussion on drugs and get to the side.
        
           | bdcravens wrote:
           | > People making decisions around drugs have no experience
           | with drugs and users.
           | 
           | Just wait until you see who's making decisions about women's
           | health.
        
             | tayo42 wrote:
             | Were subjected to a tyranny of "experts" :(
        
       | twic wrote:
       | > Despite this, the trade in other chemicals involved in the
       | manufacturing of fentanyl - some of which can have legitimate
       | purposes - remain uncontrolled, as those involved in the trade
       | find new ways to evade the law.
       | 
       | What are these chemicals, and what are their other uses? Which of
       | them don't have any other uses?
        
         | Beijinger wrote:
         | Phenethyl bromide5 Propionyl chloride4 4-Anilino-N-
         | phenethylpiperidine (4-ANPP)2 N-phenethyl-4-piperidone (NPP)2
         | Propionic anhydride2 Sodium borohydride1
        
       | bdcravens wrote:
       | One thing this article doesn't cover is WHO is doing the
       | trafficking, and in most cases, it's Americans.
       | 
       | https://www.ussc.gov/research/quick-facts/fentanyl-trafficki...
       | 
       | Most seizures happen at checkpoints or vehicle searches.
       | 
       | https://www.cato.org/blog/fentanyl-smuggled-us-citizens-us-c...
        
         | coliveira wrote:
         | Also who is coordinating this trafficking in the US? They make
         | it believe that there is only the border smuggling and the
         | retail sale problem. From the US point of view, NOBODY is
         | handling and managing the drug business in US soil.
        
       | mtlmtlmtlmtl wrote:
       | If you want to stop the flow of hyperpotent opioids like fentanyl
       | and nitazenes, legalise opium and heroin. As drugs, the only
       | advantage of these compounds is that their potency makes them
       | easier and cheaper to smuggle. I've asked a lot of opioid addicts
       | about this and not one of them has described an all-things-equal
       | preference for these drugs. I'm sure some people do exist, but
       | they're likely a very small minority. Most people don't even know
       | what they're using, they just take whatever's available to get a
       | fix.
       | 
       | This is a completely artificial problem, created by the war on
       | drugs. Just like the waves of PMMA deaths in europe caused by
       | safrole seizures. Western nations have no one to blame for this
       | but themselves.
        
         | be_erik wrote:
         | This rings true with my experiences. The people who I've known
         | to become addicted usually started with something prescribed
         | and then graduated to heroin. When heroin became harder to
         | find, smuggle in, or too expensive, fentanyl happily stepped up
         | to meet demand.
         | 
         | Addicts literally carry around fent testing kits so they can
         | _avoid_ this synthetic opioid.
        
           | flustercan wrote:
           | >Addicts literally carry around fent testing kits so they can
           | _avoid_ this synthetic opioid.
           | 
           | Its my understanding that heroin and street pharmaceuticals
           | aren't really around anymore. Its ALL fentanyl now and
           | everyone knows it.
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | > Addicts literally carry around fent testing kits so they
           | can _avoid_ this synthetic opioid.
           | 
           | Choosy addicts choose...is something I never thought I'd
           | read. I'd suggest they weren't addicting right if they are
           | choosy. When you can find your fix of choice, you just fix
           | with what's available.
           | 
           | If your comment were accurate, fent sales would plummet and
           | the problem would fix itself. This is clearly not the case.
        
             | snailmailstare wrote:
             | Are you channeling Bob Saget?
        
         | slothtrop wrote:
         | Is opium considered the least harsh/dangerous variant?
        
         | vlovich123 wrote:
         | We did legalise opium by way of oxycontin and I'm not sure that
         | helped reduce the scope of the problem. Arguably a lot more
         | people got hooked on opium than ever before because something
         | legalized has less stigma attached and is more easily
         | accessible. Society has waffled repeatedly on the legality of
         | opium and the effects of opium are a bit different than less
         | destructive narcotics where legalization makes more sense.
        
           | slothtrop wrote:
           | Oxycontin was overprescribed for pain, it's not available for
           | recreational use.
           | 
           | Possibly it's just too potent for legalization to be viable.
        
             | jdietrich wrote:
             | Oxycodone (Oxycontin) has similar potency to diamorphine
             | (heroin) and is ~2 orders of magnitude less potent than
             | fentanyl.
             | 
             | https://www.gloshospitals.nhs.uk/healthcare-
             | professionals/tr...
        
           | gedy wrote:
           | > Arguably a lot more people got hooked on opium than ever
           | before because something legalized has less stigma attached
           | 
           | Growing up in the 70s and 80s, I know that by the 80s heroin
           | had a bad stigma attached to it even by other drug users, and
           | it was rarely seen in the circles I knew. Coke, pot and meth
           | did not have that at the time.
        
       | aylmao wrote:
       | > Despite this, the trade in other chemicals involved in the
       | manufacturing of fentanyl - some of which can have legitimate
       | purposes - remain uncontrolled, as those involved in the trade
       | find new ways to evade the law.
       | 
       | From a purely economic perspective, it just sounds like local
       | production will replace foreign imports if the US does manage to
       | stop fentanyl from entering from abroad.
        
       | 1vuio0pswjnm7 wrote:
       | By citing seizure numbers and mentioning nothing else about each
       | respective border, this article and other news reports I am
       | seeing seem to imply or suggest that that seizures are a direct
       | representation of how much contraband is crossing a border.
       | That's possible. It's also possible that seizures are a
       | representation, at least in part, of something else. For example,
       | the success of border authorities in detecting and confiscating
       | contraband. Authorities on one border might be more more
       | successful than authorities on another border. The frequency and
       | amounts of seizures might not be indicative of the total amount
       | of contraband that is crossing a particular border undetected.
       | The seizure rate might be related to geographical or other
       | characteristics of the border, for example.
        
         | aylmao wrote:
         | I agree. I'd expand this by noting this doesn't only apply to
         | borders, but the whole territory too. The article does note:
         | 
         | > [...] the trade in other chemicals involved in the
         | manufacturing of fentanyl - some of which can have legitimate
         | purposes - remain uncontrolled, as those involved in the trade
         | find new ways to evade the law.
         | 
         | One has to imagine there's local manufacturing of fentanyl too,
         | and one has to wonder the magnitude of it.
        
         | badosu wrote:
         | It's revealing how many sub designs they found on south
         | american jungles, but few actually found in traffic or on the
         | targets coast.
        
         | janalsncm wrote:
         | It is possible the data is biased by enforcement ability.
         | However, the difference is huge. Last year only 0.2% of
         | fentanyl was seized at the northern border and 98% at the
         | southern border.
        
       | coliveira wrote:
       | Drug trafficking has little to do with the border issue, since
       | you cannot really do anything about it when you have thousands of
       | miles of border to secure. The issue here is how much corruption
       | exists in the US and how little it does against the really big
       | criminals who control traffic.
       | 
       | The justice system concentrates only on putting small vendors
       | behind bars (usually black people), but they're not the ones
       | making real profits. I guarantee you don't know any big drug
       | traffickers operating inside the US that were sent to jail. When
       | you hear about big bosses it is always some guy outside the US,
       | but the ones operating inside the country are all protected in
       | one way or another. They're all laughing and buying mansions all
       | over the country. This corruption is what the US should be
       | concentrating on if they want to stop drug trafficking.
        
         | Retric wrote:
         | Thousands of miles of border isn't actually the issue here. How
         | many people are crossing the Korean DMZ each year without South
         | Korea noticing?
         | 
         | Adjusted for population size and it's roughly half the length
         | of the US/Mexico land border and it's designed for military
         | incursion via tanks not just people in a pickup truck.
         | 
         | Similarly the amount of money spent on inspecting imports is
         | well under 1% of the total value of said imports. It's possible
         | to inspect literally every package crossing the border, we just
         | don't want to.
        
           | 0cf8612b2e1e wrote:
           | I do not think it makes sense to scale national borders based
           | on population size. It is what it is, you can choose to
           | invest resources on the entire length, but there is no
           | mathematical averaging out.
           | 
           | For anyone else that was curious, the Korean DMZ is 150 miles
           | long. US Mexico border is 1950.
        
             | Retric wrote:
             | 50 million people each paying 100$ in taxes can't get as
             | much done as 350 million people handing over 100$.
             | 
             | On the other hand suggesting there's suddenly massive
             | issues with coordination because a country is 7x the size
             | just doesn't make a lot of sense.
             | 
             | PS: 160 mi, but that should be obvious from my comment and
             | the relevant population sizes.
        
           | coliveira wrote:
           | Your comparison doesn't even make sense. SK and NK have no
           | relation and no border crossings. It is the easiest border to
           | patrol.
        
             | Retric wrote:
             | Border crossings are independent of length. But they
             | actually do have trade, and even people crossing the
             | border.
             | 
             | https://www.voanews.com/a/korean-industrial-zone-reopens-
             | as-...
        
           | beart wrote:
           | There is no commerce crossing the DMZ. There are no tourists
           | crossing the DMZ. Hundreds of millions of people cross the
           | southern US border every year. You cannot compare these two
           | borders in any realistic way.
           | 
           | Edit: also, landmines
        
             | Retric wrote:
             | They do have cross broader trade and movement of people. I
             | think SK is NK's 4th largest trading partner right now, but
             | there's also some movement of people.
             | 
             | But that stuff is independent of length which is why I
             | mentioned trade separately.
        
         | verdverm wrote:
         | Most drugs enter the country through legal ports of entry, not
         | in the gaps. Most drugs are also brought back across by US
         | citizens (~90%)
         | 
         | Here is one such study: https://immigrationforum.org/wp-
         | content/uploads/2023/10/llic...
        
           | slothtrop wrote:
           | So, they were half-right since that's tantamount to
           | "corruption in the US"
        
             | verdverm wrote:
             | I don't see corruption, I see supply & demand and
             | "enterprising" people.
             | 
             | The war on drugs has shown that focussing on the supply
             | side has done little to solve the problem. There will be
             | new ways to smuggle or new drugs to catch in the drag net
             | while the demand remains.
             | 
             | The question then is, why is the demand for drugs so high?
        
       | motohagiography wrote:
       | it makes more sense when you look at the LD-50 of fentanyl vs.
       | any other synthetic substance, and it's hard to see it as
       | anything other than a WMD.
       | 
       | it's a security issue and municipalities and public health
       | exploit it to "manage" for increased bureaucracy and funding.
       | whenever they want more federal or state money, they turn the
       | crisis tap on or off. public agencies all benefit from rising
       | poverty, and where they can't create it with lax enforcement,
       | they import it.
       | 
       | stopping the flow of drugs cuts off a huge source of bureaucratic
       | crisis leverage, and local political corruption funding, that
       | both poison the entire system of institutions. it's difficult to
       | find a coherent moral case against a radical crackdown on
       | fentanyl for those reasons.
        
       | janalsncm wrote:
       | According to CBP, last year there were only 43 pounds of fentanyl
       | seized on the northern border. The problem is almost entirely a
       | Southern border problem. So it seems crazy to punish Canada. Also
       | India is responsible for many precursors but are not named.
        
       | downut wrote:
       | 133 comments and the Sackler family has yet to be mentioned. I
       | don't think the comments here are well informed.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2025-02-04 23:01 UTC)