[HN Gopher] Everyone knows your location: tracking myself down t...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Everyone knows your location: tracking myself down through in-app
       ads
        
       Author : apokryptein
       Score  : 1772 points
       Date   : 2025-02-02 17:07 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (timsh.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (timsh.org)
        
       | ta988 wrote:
       | Shame on all of the people working on those systems. Legit
       | companies trying to make the world better struggle to find
       | competent people.
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | Ugh. Eye roll on the whole "make the world better". So few SV
         | products remotely make the world better. The purpose of the
         | vast majority is to make money at all costs. I also disagree
         | with what most people claim is making the world better. All in
         | all, I think social media is a net negative for the world for
         | any good that might be found. Every SV thing after that is just
         | chasing the recketship to the moon dream.
        
           | unification_fan wrote:
           | > So few SV products remotely make the world better
           | 
           | Because devs have to eat in order to survive?
        
             | 9283409232 wrote:
             | You don't need to work on adtech or work at Meta to
             | survive. Don't pretend that it has nothing to do with the
             | lavish salaries.
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | Right, because SV is epitomized for the struggling dev as
             | much as Haight Ashbury is known for struggling artists.
        
             | layer8 wrote:
             | Ah, yes, the profession that most struggles to make ends
             | meet.
        
           | RajT88 wrote:
           | I believe this was parodied multiple times in season 1 of
           | Silicon Valley.
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | That scene in the pilot with the way over enthusiastic
             | founder on stage with Kid Rock was pretty much when I knew
             | I would <3 that show
        
             | nicbou wrote:
             | Direct link to the scene:
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B8C5sjjhsso
        
             | spencerflem wrote:
             | One of my favorite seasons of TV <3
        
         | quacked wrote:
         | I think a big part of the ability of these shady companies
         | pulling the brightest minds away from more clearly beneficial
         | fields is that important flavors of ideology necessary to
         | motivate people to take less lucrative work have been stripped
         | from "business". There's a lot fewer appeals to art, history,
         | cultural stewardship, or empire-building present in things like
         | transportation, medicine, construction, etc. than there were in
         | the past. Any flavor of "for the glory of God/the nation/the
         | People/the Art" etc. is pretty effectively stripped out of
         | American business, and I think that's the only kind of thing
         | that would motivate someone who could make $250k in Adware to
         | make $100k in something else.
         | 
         | People are now very well-trained to look out for their own
         | bottom line, and take jobs accordingly.
        
           | quantified wrote:
           | Doing things because they increase some non-monetary value
           | has fallen out of fashion for sure. A colleague of mine
           | recently shared, in a group social setting, a sense of
           | disappointment that his daughter was studying to be a doctor.
           | I was, as far as I could tell, the only one to note that
           | there is practical utility to having doctors.
           | 
           | But the "be part of our mission" was shown to be hollow over
           | and over too. First and foremost, you as an enployee are
           | making the investors and CEO rich. The mission is usually
           | exploiting the employee, even when it's not exploiting the
           | world. Employees have recognized the real social ethic (money
           | over everything) and are just playing the same game. Which is
           | sad.
           | 
           | Ideally the people who see these choices would make
           | alternative choices that will leave their grandchildren
           | better off in the world. It has taken only a generation for
           | the "greed is good" mentality to drop us into this fetid
           | soup.
        
             | quacked wrote:
             | I think the phrase you called out--"be a part of our
             | mission"--that most corporations (and, mimicking them,
             | government agencies) regurgitate is itself the approach to
             | socialization that causes people to feel less inclined to
             | work for any non-profit reason. "Part of OUR mission"
             | redefines the company as the entity to be loyal to, rather
             | than casting the company as part of society itself. You
             | can't replace constructs that tend to inspire people to
             | heroism and selflessness with a corporate avatar and expect
             | the fabric of society to remain similarly motivated. It
             | does make a set few people a hell of a lot of money in the
             | short term, though.
        
             | ForHackernews wrote:
             | Aren't doctors extraordinarily well-paid? Was this outside
             | the US?
        
               | quantified wrote:
               | In the US. Among techies who are in the upper 10% but not
               | the 1%
        
           | rolph wrote:
           | i believe there are somewhat fewer practicing freemasons in
           | those places of layte.
        
           | scarface_74 wrote:
           | American business has never cared about any of that stuff. It
           | was always lip service.
           | 
           | Also if you haven't heard, the US government is currently a
           | shit show right now run by Musk as far as employment
        
         | 9283409232 wrote:
         | What companies?
        
           | throwaway847739 wrote:
           | I have the same question. It did not seem easy for me to find
           | a job where we are at least not writing malware (according to
           | my judgement). But it's far from making the world better :|
        
           | yread wrote:
           | I work in cancer research. Some companies are there just for
           | greed as well but at least the end product could be helpful
        
       | Yeul wrote:
       | I read an interesting newspaper article about how the police
       | confiscated a hired gun's iPhone and found that he ran a search
       | on the city his victim lived in. It is these little digital
       | breadcrumbs that makes life easy for the prosecution.
       | 
       | Seriously if you are going to do illegal things never ever buy a
       | smartphone.
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | >the police confiscated a hired gun's iPhone and found that he
         | ran a search on the city his victim lived in.
         | 
         | It's far more likely they just looked at his browser history
         | rather than doing some skullduggery with databrokers or
         | whatever.
        
       | HelloUsername wrote:
       | Related?
       | 
       | NSA Warns iPhone and Android Users-Disable Location Tracking
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42713536
       | 
       | Hackers Claim Breach of Location Data Giant, Threaten to Leak
       | Data https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42627336
        
         | apples_oranges wrote:
         | Logged in to upvote this
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | It's funny how in recent headlines the NSA & FBI have been
         | saying to use secure messaging app. Yet the FBI is infamous for
         | claiming the need for back doors into these encrypted apps.
         | What are we to think of the opposing views? Are they really
         | being benevolent for the citizens, or do they no longer need
         | the back door, or do they have a back door whether intentional
         | or not?
        
           | not2b wrote:
           | It seems that they have changed their minds about
           | surveillance back doors, after some devastating attacks,
           | where Chinese state actors (among others) used back doors
           | created for compliance with warrants to get in.
           | 
           | But that was the pre-Trump NSA and FBI. Now the Chinese and
           | the Russians just need to get some DOGE volunteer to give
           | them whatever they want, since Elon now has root on all the
           | government payment systems and is too undisciplined to do
           | things in a secure way.
        
           | nonrandomstring wrote:
           | The world is changing fast and reasons for actions may be
           | more complex and interesting than you assume.
           | 
           | Were they ever _not_ benevolent to US citizens as a whole,
           | even if misguided? There may be last-ditch attempts to extend
           | benevolence to US citizens as a takeover looms. If leaks from
           | the Office of Personnel Management are to be believed, then
           | right now US government is in the process of a soft coup,
           | being dismantled along lines of political loyalty. I expect
           | those working in intelligence and law enforcement who support
           | democracy see the writing on the wall and will act sooner or
           | later.
           | 
           | Reliable end to end encryption is an important tool for
           | citizens of a nation that may need to organise in a hurry. We
           | might see new Edward Snowden type revelations of programmes,
           | naming key people or giving clear advice not to trust certain
           | US based entities or services. Civil servants may act
           | professionally as non-politically as they can, but in the
           | end, if only to protect their jobs, they're going to come
           | down on the side of democracy.
        
           | ipdashc wrote:
           | > What are we to think of the opposing views?
           | 
           | They're not homogenous organizations. Not sure about the FBI,
           | but AFAIK the NSA has always been in an awkward spot of being
           | split between defensive and offensive missions. It wouldn't
           | be particularly surprising to have one arm going "you should
           | all use encrypted messaging, it's the most secure" while the
           | other arm is frantically trying to break or backdoor said
           | encrypted messaging.
        
       | monlockandkey wrote:
       | How did were the apps able to collect geolocation even though
       | location services were disabled?
        
         | baggy_trough wrote:
         | Probably from IP address geolocation.
        
           | abound wrote:
           | Indeed, the article notes that the lat/long wasn't "GPS
           | exact", more like "postal code exact".
        
           | xenic wrote:
           | Doing that on the client side sounds pointless though, if you
           | are already transmitting the ip.
        
       | inahga wrote:
       | There are quite a few interesting tracking flows out there.
       | 
       | My _rent_ is paid through a company called Bilt.
       | 
       | I discovered that when I shop at Walgreens now, Bilt sends me an
       | email containing the full receipt of what I bought like so:
       | > Hey [inahga],         >         > You shopped at Walgreens on
       | 12/1/24 and earned Bilt Points with your         > Neighborhood
       | Pharmacy benefit.         >         > Items eligible for rewards
       | > TOSTITOS HINT OF LIME RSTC 11OZ         > $3.50         >
       | > +3 pts         > TOSTITOS RSTC 12OZ         > $3.50         >
       | > +3 pts         > Other items*         > EXCLUDED ITEMS
       | > $0.07         >         > *May include rewards-ineligible items
       | and/or prescriptions.
       | 
       | Ostensibly (hopefully) it would exclude sensitive items, plan B,
       | condoms, etc...
       | 
       | I'm curious how this data flows from Walgreens to my rent
       | company, but maybe I'd rather not know and just use
       | cash/certified check from now on.
        
         | andrewfromx wrote:
         | "Bilt Members can earn points on Walgreens purchases made using
         | any card linked to their Bilt account."
         | 
         | https://support.biltrewards.com/hc/en-us/articles/2901187842...
         | 
         | There's that FSA/HSA benefit section at the bottom which
         | explicitly states that Bilt receives item-level data:
         | 
         | https://www.biltrewards.com/terms/walgreens
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | That just sounds like a standard cross-merchant loyalty
           | program? I don't think there are many examples in the US, but
           | once you realize it's a loyalty program you really shouldn't
           | be surprised that they're tracking your purchase history.
           | That's basically the entire premise.
        
             | mistrial9 wrote:
             | > it's a loyalty program
             | 
             | calling something loyalty does not make it "loyalty" ..
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | That's just the standard term for such programs
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loyalty_program
        
               | uoaei wrote:
               | It's the normal term, in that it has been normalized as
               | such. But it is otherwise not accurate except in the
               | barest, most monetaristically self-fulfilling-prophecy
               | way.
        
               | dietr1ch wrote:
               | So called loyalty programs should be illegal on multiple
               | fronts,
               | 
               | - Privacy: There's obvious tracking of purchasing trends.
               | This derails into selling user data to everyone that
               | makes people increasingly easy to track.
               | 
               | - Customer-dependent pricing / Price-discrimination: This
               | is awful for economy, in econ 101 you learn that business
               | want to charge each customer as much as they are willing
               | to pay, but this differentiated pricing is just getting
               | their hands into everyone's pockets.The free market
               | principles rely on perfect knowledge, and every step made
               | to make pricing harder is an attack against self market
               | regulation.
               | 
               | Price discrimination is illegal even in Lobby-land,
               | https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/13
        
               | barrkel wrote:
               | Price discrimination is not a priori bad. A fixed price
               | with enough margin to support the business may be too
               | high for price sensitive consumers. If you can charge
               | more to less price sensitive consumers, you can, at the
               | margin, make a little bit on these price sensitive
               | consumers, and overall everyone is better off - more
               | consumers are satisfied and their marginal willingness to
               | consume a unit of the thing being sold is more equalized.
        
               | jkaplowitz wrote:
               | There are ways to adequately approximate that kind of
               | price discrimination without detailed tracking though,
               | like giving discounts to students, seniors, and people
               | receiving various kinds of welfare benefit upon showing
               | proof of status.
               | 
               | Yeah it isn't as accurate as the privacy-invasive kind of
               | tracking, since students and seniors can be wealthy and
               | eligibility for welfare benefits doesn't always consider
               | assets or gifts from well-off family. But it's accurate
               | enough to give the economy most of the same benefit
               | without the privacy downside.
               | 
               | I do think it's fine for people to opt in to more
               | tracking as a separate consent choice beyond merely
               | participating in a loyalty program, for example to get
               | more personalized and therefore more useful offers, but
               | not as a condition of participation to merely receive at
               | least standard offers and accumulate points. That's how
               | they generally work in Germany.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >I do think it's fine for people to opt in to more
               | tracking as a separate consent choice beyond merely
               | participating in a loyalty program, for example to get
               | more personalized and therefore more useful offers, but
               | not as a condition of participation to merely receive at
               | least standard offers and accumulate points. That's how
               | they generally work in Germany.
               | 
               | Sounds like that'll push retailers to switch from a
               | system where they give points/discounts to everyone, to
               | one where points/discounts are "targeted", which of
               | course requires opting into tracking. Like I said before,
               | the whole premise of loyalty programs is that you're
               | being tracked in exchange for rewards. You really can't
               | expect to have your cake (discounts) and eat it too (not
               | being tracked).
        
               | mistrial9 wrote:
               | search term "green stamps" ( _edit_
               | )https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S&H_Green_Stamps
               | 
               | my grandmother collected green stamps from the grocery
               | store, which she saved for food discounts.. I don't think
               | that there was any customer ID involved at all..
               | 
               | honestly, describing pervasive tracking of purchasing
               | associated with govt ID as "normal" is .. its a sickness
               | and parts of it are illegal now. It is not required or
               | "normal" at all, from this view
        
               | jkaplowitz wrote:
               | > Sounds like that'll push retailers to switch from a
               | system where they give points/discounts to everyone, to
               | one where points/discounts are "targeted", which of
               | course requires opting into tracking. Like I said before,
               | the whole premise of loyalty programs is that you're
               | being tracked in exchange for rewards. You really can't
               | expect to have your cake (discounts) and eat it too (not
               | being tracked).
               | 
               | As I said, in Germany you can indeed have your cake and
               | eat it too in this regard, if you're okay with the offers
               | you receive being less targeted and therefore less
               | appealing.
               | 
               | My understanding is that GDPR requires them to offer the
               | option to decline the personalized targeting without
               | being blocked from participation overall, and this is
               | probably the same anywhere in the EU. But I don't have
               | personal experience with this in other EU countries and
               | could be misunderstanding.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >As I said, in Germany you can indeed have your cake and
               | eat it too in this regard, if you're okay with the offers
               | you receive being less targeted and therefore less
               | appealing.
               | 
               | The "cake" in this case refers to the offers you had
               | before GDPR came into effect and/or regulators started
               | enforcing it. They might give opt-out people some token
               | offers to appease regulators, but I doubt it'll be
               | anywhere close to the offers they had before.
        
               | jkaplowitz wrote:
               | > They might give opt-out people some token offers to
               | appease regulators
               | 
               | It's not an opt-out situation. As per GDPR requirements,
               | these programs have a specific opt-in prompt for
               | personalized targeting, separate from the one which is
               | for generally collecting and redeeming points as a
               | member, and it's not pre-chosen by default.
               | 
               | I think one can assume that many people will decline to
               | opt in, especially in a culturally privacy-focused
               | country like modern Germany and since not opting in is
               | far behaviorally common than explicitly opting out, but
               | also that many others will knowingly consent in exchange
               | for the benefits. So I think they would generally want to
               | give decent offers to both categories of people, since
               | the non-consent group is large enough to matter. Of
               | course the personalized ones would be better, otherwise
               | nobody would want to give that consent.
               | 
               | Myself, I've consented to some but not all of the
               | personalized targeting and information sharing from the
               | loyalty programs I participate in here, after reading the
               | descriptions of the requested consents in detail and
               | making a conscious choice. In at least one case I
               | converted a no to a yes after thinking about it longer.
               | It's good to have that transparency and control, and not
               | to have the legalese surreptitiously remove your right to
               | sue the store should that become necessary as is common
               | in the US (forced arbitration is generally illegal here
               | in B2C agreements).
               | 
               | As for the rest of your most recent comment, I wouldn't
               | know; I didn't ever live in Europe before the GDPR.
        
               | dietr1ch wrote:
               | Yes, this is the reason why it's sort of illegal, but
               | done anyways.
               | 
               | Honestly, beyond paying fewer fees on the bus as a kid,
               | I'm pretty sure I'm being scammed everytime I experience
               | price discrimination.
               | 
               | I feel it's easier to make it illegal and give away
               | reasonable credits to all consumers. I wouldn't
               | discriminate in credits either, I'd rather have public
               | transportation being free for all than claim to save
               | money that society needs to spend anyway.
               | 
               | It doesn't help that lying about the price at any point
               | just makes accounting harder, and creates space for
               | wrong, uncompetitive pricing, or awful deals that would
               | hurt business and society in the longer term anyway.
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | pricing is all made up to begin with though. your can't
               | take the cost to make an item, add a reasonable amount of
               | profit and that's the "real" price. that's just not the
               | reality of running a successful business. human
               | psychology is far too complicated.
               | 
               | at the end of the day, prices are just a number you make
               | up, and hopefully it's a big enough number that your stay
               | in business. hopefully it's a big enough number that you
               | get rich. but sometimes it's a fire sale and you just end
               | up owing less money to your vendors.
        
               | dietr1ch wrote:
               | > at the end of the day, prices are just a number you
               | make up, and hopefully it's a big enough number that your
               | stay in business.
               | 
               | The only requirement is to make up a single for all your
               | customers that are getting the same thing back. It'll be
               | made up and account for business factors like risks,
               | profits, etc.
        
               | Y_Y wrote:
               | I don't think everyone is better off, at best the "less
               | price sensitive" is unaffected. But then you have to have
               | have some way of stopping arbitrage via the customers
               | paying the lower price through some sort of identity
               | checks or restrictions. I think that's an unavoidable
               | negative outcome and it's not clear that it would always
               | be outweighed by allowing more people to consume the
               | product.
        
             | jkaplowitz wrote:
             | In Germany, the major cross-merchant loyalty program
             | Payback gives you one or two rounds of extra consent
             | choices about the tracking, and the type we see here is
             | absolutely not mandatory for participating. It does of
             | course let them give you more personalized and useful
             | coupons, but one can participate while declining that
             | permission.
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | Hopefully exclude? By whom? At some point, somebody has to
         | decide it was sensitive, by what standards? Does Bilt decide to
         | not use it after they were already sold the data? Does the
         | aggregator after already been sold it by the harvesting seller?
         | Does the harvesting app reduce the appeal of their data by
         | deliberately excluding the data? Does the harvesting app care
         | to spend the money on doing that?
        
         | inetknght wrote:
         | > _just use cash /certified check from now on_
         | 
         | You might want to discover about sophistication and pervasive
         | facial recognition technology used by major retailers. Paid by
         | cash? It can still be tracked to you. For "fraud prevention",
         | of course.
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | >Paid by cash? It can still be tracked to you. For "fraud
           | prevention", of course.
           | 
           | They can already track you through your phone and/or credit
           | cards. Why bother setting up a massive facial recognition
           | system for people paying with cash when they only account for
           | 10% (or whatever) of overall shoppers, and have less
           | disposable income than average?
        
             | spencerflem wrote:
             | idk why, but they do
        
               | bdavbdav wrote:
               | Got a source on retailers actively doing this?
        
               | erikerikson wrote:
               | Word of mouth: retailers in China have been using face
               | recognition technologies to identify key customers so
               | that they can be greater by name when delivered their
               | favorite drink upon entering the premises.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | The trouble with "word of mouth" is that you can't tell
               | whether something is actually real, or vaporware that
               | some account executive dreamed up to close a deal.
        
               | erikerikson wrote:
               | I agree, which is why I qualified it. I was working at a
               | retailer, building it's cloud systems at the time. It was
               | told to me by a colleague who claimed to be told that by
               | a peer from China at a conference.
        
               | spencerflem wrote:
               | Its very well known that Target, Wallgreens use facial
               | recognition for shoplifting.
               | 
               | Its harder to prove any specific stores are using any
               | specific survailence product for marketing, but plenty of
               | companies are offering it. Here' Samsung's take: https://
               | web.archive.org/web/20230410052807/https://www.samsu...
        
               | bdavbdav wrote:
               | That's really interesting- thanks for the link!
        
               | vmilner wrote:
               | https://www.facewatch.co.uk/
        
               | bdavbdav wrote:
               | I meant more for marketing - definitely used lots for
               | loss prevention.
        
             | Lio wrote:
             | I don't know about the US but in the UK they did it
             | ostensibly to catch shoplifters.
             | 
             | We have a major problem with "professional" thieves
             | stealing because the big chains don't want to pay cashiers
             | anymore.
             | 
             | You see a screen with your face on it in places like
             | Waitrose self service checkouts now. It's their way of
             | saying "we know who you are".
             | 
             | Tracking cash purchases is just a side bonus for them.
        
           | londons_explore wrote:
           | Are you aware of cases where it is used for more that theft
           | prevention/manual review of CCTV?
           | 
           | I'm not aware of any big retailers using facial data for
           | targeting vouchers or anything similar.
           | 
           | Simple things like "did walk through the door with a child"
           | would be pretty valuable data, yet as far as I know, nobody
           | uses it.
        
           | kortilla wrote:
           | Is there actual evidence of this, like anywhere?
           | 
           | Facial recognition on a small corpus of known faces (what
           | everyone experiences on Facebook, their phones, etc) is an
           | easy problem.
           | 
           | Walmart picking up a face walking into a store and matching
           | it against 30 million possibilities is going to return so
           | many false positive matches it's going to be completely
           | useless.
        
         | curiousthought wrote:
         | This is called Level 3 data, and any merchant can choose to
         | provide it for a reduction in the transaction fees they pay.
         | 
         | Here's a small comment thread from a few months back:
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41213632
        
           | uoaei wrote:
           | Is there any documentation on this to read further? I.e. what
           | the different levels contain and how much on average is the
           | cost reduction for the merchant.
        
             | devmor wrote:
             | Here is implementation documentation from Mastercard about
             | l3: https://na-
             | gateway.mastercard.com/api/documentation/integrat...
             | 
             | The cost reduction is very small, it's applied to
             | interchange fees. I've been directly responsible for
             | implementing this functionality on payment gateways for
             | multiple processors because it helps reduce fraud holds as
             | well.
        
               | uoaei wrote:
               | Separate question, what are your ethics around the
               | surveillance of Americans' economic activities by private
               | actors? What "rights" are relevant in this space and
               | which do you subscribe to?
               | 
               | I'm not going to debate you about anything, I just don't
               | get the chance to ask insiders any of these questions.
        
               | chgs wrote:
               | Do you think there are different ethical concerns when
               | dealing with non Americans?
        
               | actionfromafar wrote:
               | Also a great question.
        
               | devmor wrote:
               | My ethics are "this is unequivocally wrong without
               | consent".
               | 
               | Thankfully my work was on payment products that serviced
               | businesses and government entities, so I did not really
               | have to deal with that moral quandary.
               | 
               | However it gets muddier in other spaces as well. There
               | are types of cards, like HSA/FSA that require something
               | similar to level 3 data called IIAS that is used to
               | determine what parts of your purchase are eligible. In
               | the parts of the systems I have worked with, this is
               | covered by HIPAA, but I have no idea if there are
               | "clever" methods to sneak that data out of the chain
               | elsewhere.
        
               | no_time wrote:
               | Is this data requestable via a GDPR takeout?
               | 
               | searching for "mastercard level 3 data takeout" and such
               | bring up the same 5 pages that are not relevant.
        
           | anon7000 wrote:
           | It's honestly crazy that we allow companies to sell our data
           | -- and even financially incentivize companies to share our
           | data like this.
        
             | kortilla wrote:
             | The problem is that to you it seems like your data but to
             | Walgreens they see it as theirs. They generated it with
             | their point of sale system.
             | 
             | The data is about a transaction that you made, but they
             | generated all of it.
             | 
             | Until we have agreement as a society about what "my data"
             | means, this kind of stuff is going to run rampant.
        
               | robotnikman wrote:
               | >what "my data" means
               | 
               | It makes me wonder, if everyone 'owned' their own data, I
               | wonder if it could be used as a form of UBI. Everyone has
               | data from using services, everyone owns it, everyone can
               | sell it to make a living just doing whatever they are
               | doing everyday.
               | 
               | This is only just a shower thought I had the other day
               | though, there are probably many pitfalls when it comes to
               | such an idea.
        
               | xboxnolifes wrote:
               | Unlikely. I'd think the most valuable data is generally
               | the type that can be used to extract money from you.
               | Targeted ads and such. So, your data's value would
               | increase in proportion with your spending power.
        
               | BobaFloutist wrote:
               | Honestly the path to "UBI" is probably just
               | socialized/subsidized basic needs.
               | 
               | Build masses of government housing, make a healthcare
               | public option with sliding-scale costs, and you're 90% of
               | the way there - food and decent low-end broadband are
               | frankly already cheap enough for the government to cover
               | with maybe some "Don't gouge Uncle Sam or else" clauses
               | and that's about everything.
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | I don't support UBI but that's a fascinating idea.
               | Unfortunately the data is worth micropennies in the
               | individual, so only worth something in aggregate, like a
               | class action settlement where you end up with a cheque
               | for $0.34 for damages which makes it not even worth your
               | time, it'd only be good as the backdrop for a science
               | fiction novel or as an experiment by a YouTube video by a
               | well known creator to see how little money it would make.
               | I would read the hell out of that book and watch that
               | video tho!
        
               | marcelluspye wrote:
               | This idea is the subject of the 2013 book "Who Owns the
               | Future?" By Jaron Lanier.
        
               | chgs wrote:
               | Like adverts in general the value of _your_ data or
               | _your_ attention is tiny.
               | 
               | The average American spends $200 (via higher costs for
               | products) for TV each year and receives how many hundreds
               | of hours of adverts in return?
               | 
               | The superbowl for example gets $5 for every viewer, for
               | about an hour of adverts. What's the average hour of time
               | worth?
               | 
               | Facebook might suck up your data and flog it for a few
               | cents, you've probably got more cash down the back of the
               | sofa.
        
               | maest wrote:
               | If my attention is so cheap I would definitely like to
               | pay $5/ year to not have to see ads.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | IDK, I think almost all interesting data has no obvious
               | single owner, because it gets created as a side effect of
               | an _interaction_ between two or more parties.
               | 
               | Take the transaction information from example above. The
               | record of you buying products X, Y, Z for total t=x+y+z
               | at time T, with card C - both you and the store could
               | argue they're entitled to it. It's about you and money
               | you spent and products you received, but it's _also_
               | about them and the money they received and the products
               | that were taken off their inventory. Then the card issuer
               | will interject saying,  "hey, the customer uses a card
               | _we provide as a service_ , so we're _at least_ entitled
               | to know which card was use to pay, to whom, when, an what
               | the total amount was! ". Then both yours and stores'
               | banks will chime in, and behind them, also the POS
               | terminal provider.
               | 
               | Truth is, they all have a point. We like to think that
               | paying for groceries with our watch is like a medieval
               | peasant paying for fruit with metal coins at a town
               | market. It's not. Electronic payments always involve
               | multiple steps handled automatically, in the background,
               | by half a dozen service providers linked by their own
               | contracts and with their own legal reporting
               | requirements, and each of them really do need to know at
               | least some details about the payment they're
               | participating in.
               | 
               | A simpler example: this comment. It's obviously mine.
               | It's also a response to you, and it only makes sense in
               | context of the whole subthread. Should anyone reply to
               | it, they'll gain a stake in it, too - and then, arguably,
               | everyone following this discussion have a right to read
               | it, now and in the future. After I hit the "Reply"
               | button, I can't in good conscience claim this comment is
               | mine and only mine. This is why I'm personally against
               | the practice of unilaterally mass-deleting of comments on
               | open discussion boards, like e.g. plenty of people do on
               | Reddit, forever ruining useful discussions for the
               | public.
               | 
               | (It's also why I like HN's approach to GDPR, which is,
               | you can get your account disassociated from your
               | comments, and you can request potentially identifying
               | content be removed, but the site won't just mass-delete
               | your comments automatically.)
        
               | numpad0 wrote:
               | Connecting information to that kind of personal gains
               | sounds dangerous. There is probably non-negligible abuse
               | potential, like college kids legally printing money at
               | weird scale.
        
               | amanda99 wrote:
               | You will never generate enough money from information
               | about your consumption to fund your consumption.
               | Obviously there's other data, but you get the point.
        
               | mulmen wrote:
               | UBI isn't meant to fully fund consumption. It's "basic"
               | income such as rent or groceries. I will accept that
               | consumption data doesn't cover consumption and that the
               | value is already priced in but I don't accept that it has
               | no value or that UBI is meant as complete income
               | replacement.
        
               | amanda99 wrote:
               | I guess I was responding to this:
               | 
               | > everyone can sell it to make a living just doing
               | whatever they are doing everyday
        
               | iamacyborg wrote:
               | This is fairly easily answered through legislation like
               | the GDPR which classes this data as personal data if it's
               | associated with an identified or identifiable person.
        
               | kortilla wrote:
               | A legislative body writing something down doesn't mean
               | society has agreed to it.
               | 
               | If someone journals and writes down everyone they met
               | with locations and dates, they will laugh you out of the
               | room if you tell them they are violating GDPR.
               | 
               | This also leads to stupid shit like people not being sure
               | if they can point a camera at their driveway to catch
               | vehicle break-ins.
               | 
               | Finally, classifying something as "personal data" because
               | it's about me still doesn't make it "my data".
               | 
               | Health data in the US is strictly regulated, very
               | personal, but is definitely not mine. I cannot remove
               | things from it or prevent it from being shared between
               | healthcare institutions.
        
               | ericjmorey wrote:
               | You seem not to know much of anything about the laws
               | regarding personal information in the US or Europe.
        
               | fsckboy wrote:
               | > _to you it seems like your data but to Walgreens they
               | see it as theirs_
               | 
               | the value of this data comes from what did I buy, what
               | else do I buy, where am I, who I am, etc.
               | 
               | to your point, Walgreens does not sell to their
               | competitor CVS data about what they sell, when, and
               | where.
               | 
               | so if that really is their argument, it's refutable.
        
             | sixothree wrote:
             | It's amazing how little control we have over information
             | that is the most personal essence of our lives.
             | 
             | Why do we have zero insight, no control. Nothing.
             | 
             | I hate it so much.
        
           | coin wrote:
           | Who is Level 3 data shared with, ie who is the aggregator? Is
           | it the credit card bank then aggregates and sells it?
        
           | baxtr wrote:
           | So in essence the merchant pays with my data?
        
             | bredren wrote:
             | Yes, though people also welcome the extra cash back or
             | other card benefits.
             | 
             | Apple Card does not sell this data, IIRC. But offers a
             | lower cash back than many other cards.
        
               | Terretta wrote:
               | True, while Google sees roughly 85% of all American
               | cardholder swipes and doesn't _need_ to sell it since
               | they 're making the ad market...
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | > while Google sees roughly 85% of all American
               | cardholder swipe
               | 
               | I'm probably not reading this properly, can you say that
               | a different way?
        
               | yolovoe wrote:
               | Google buys transaction data from credit card companies
               | (Visa, Mastercard, etc). They almost certainly know what
               | you spend money on
        
               | cluckindan wrote:
               | For every 20 Americans with a credit card, 17 have all
               | their purchases sent to Google.
        
               | andrepd wrote:
               | How on earth is this legal
        
               | actionfromafar wrote:
               | Corporations are people, too.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | Or phrased less inflammatory manner: "Corporations can
               | enter into contracts and engage in legal action just like
               | people can". Even the much maligned Citizens United v.
               | FEC basically boils down to "groups of people
               | (corporations or labor unions) don't lose first amendment
               | protections just because they decided to group up".
        
               | thatsbogus wrote:
               | Except not everyone in a corporation has the right to
               | speech. I'm prohibited by my employer to say anything on
               | the company's behalf, but the C-suite and board are able
               | to speak on my behalf. So, the company's leadership has a
               | right to free speech, I don't.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >Except not everyone in a corporation has the right to
               | speech. I'm prohibited by my employer to say anything on
               | the company's behalf,
               | 
               | Yeah, that's how organizations typically work? You might
               | have "freedom of movement", but that doesn't mean you can
               | work in your CEO's office. Organizations also limit who
               | has access to its bank accounts, but that doesn't mean
               | it's suddenly illegitimate for companies to engage in
               | transactions.
        
               | otterley wrote:
               | You still have that right; you simply entered into a
               | voluntary agreement with your employer not to exercise it
               | in exchange for money. Happens all the time.
        
               | andrepd wrote:
               | Let's bring back indentured servitude, you have a right
               | to not be a slave but you should still be able to enter
               | into a voluntary agreement not to exercise that right.
        
               | otterley wrote:
               | That's a facetious reply and you know it. Agreeing not to
               | say certain things is practically a universal requirement
               | of employment, for example, to preserve trade secrets.
               | And indentured servitude is illegal.
               | 
               | Cut it out.
        
               | sgammon wrote:
               | This comment is quoting Mitt Romney
        
               | idle_zealot wrote:
               | Things that aren't explicitly made illegal are legal. Who
               | would invest the resources necessary to get a law banning
               | this passed?
        
             | liontwist wrote:
             | This is the real reason why they can afford to give you
             | cash back.
        
             | conductr wrote:
             | In theory you're already paying the merchant fee in the
             | "price". So merchant found a way to improve margins and
             | credit card companies found a new revenue source
        
           | inahga wrote:
           | Thanks for the details.
           | 
           | > choose to provide it for a reduction in the transaction
           | fees they pay.
           | 
           | That would explain why I can use my credit card for rent
           | without a transaction fee! No free lunch!
        
         | nicbou wrote:
         | Things like that are on my mind when HN rants about GDPR.
         | Something like this would be wildly illegal where I live.
        
           | DoubleGlazing wrote:
           | Unfortunately the GDPR is largely toothless if a company
           | without an EU presence chooses to ignore it.
           | 
           | I live in Ireland and my data is in the databases of several
           | US data brokers. Thise conpanies can't be forced to to comply
           | with the GDPR because they simply do not have an EU presence.
           | You don't have to search far to find stories from people
           | people who made complaints to their local Data Protection
           | office about such issues only to be told there's nothing that
           | can be done.
        
             | nicbou wrote:
             | A common discussion these days is the threat of a foreign
             | app (TikTok) being used by a hostile government to track
             | and influence Americans.
             | 
             | From my non-American perspective, the same thing is
             | happening here. I distrust non-EU software by default.
        
           | kortilla wrote:
           | HN rants about it because it's not a good solution. It
           | identified a problem but caused an idiotic fallout (cookie
           | banners) and failed to actually put in a framework to enforce
           | that companies aren't just lying.
        
             | throw_away32 wrote:
             | > failed to actually put in a framework to enforce that
             | companies aren't just lying.
             | 
             | That's not true. I work in an European company and we were
             | contacted by the agency to give a complete list of partners
             | that we use, reasons for why it is justified, which
             | routines we have for deleting old data etc.
             | 
             | I guess in theory we could have lied and made up data, but
             | only an idiot would risk lying to the government. Everyone
             | at my company took it seriusly and tried to provide as
             | accurate data as possible. There were also several follow
             | up questions that had to be answered.
             | 
             | The mindset of lying to the government to "protect" your
             | employer seems so far fetched. Why should an employee lie
             | to the government? If it turns out that the company was in
             | violation of GDPR the worst case scenario for the company
             | is a fine. If the government finds out you are lying, the
             | employee faces jail time. The trade-off is simply not worth
             | it.
             | 
             | Maybe it's easier to lie to the government in some
             | countries, but not in my country. The government agencies
             | actually checks and verifies your claims.
        
               | kortilla wrote:
               | The lie doesn't have to be intentional. All it takes is a
               | really simple accidental debug logging flag to collect
               | what amounts to a GDPR violation.
               | 
               | The point is that no effort was made to implement a
               | technical solution to protect privacy. So it's
               | upsettingly trivial to violate the GDPR unknowingly and
               | any company that is even a little unscrupulous (of which
               | there are hundreds) can easily ignore the law.
        
               | troupo wrote:
               | > The point is that no effort was made to implement a
               | technical solution to protect privacy.
               | 
               | And you want the government to do that?
               | 
               | Why haven't the companies who at every turn shout how
               | privacy conscious they are haven't done that?
               | 
               | It's now been 8 years of GDPR. Why hasn't the world's
               | largest advertising company incidentally owning the
               | world's most popular browser implemented a technical
               | solution for tracking and cookie banners in the browser?
               | Oh wait...
        
             | hsuduebc2 wrote:
             | I agree but small stick to beat them is better than none.
             | 
             | I guess best solution would be usage of some proxy which
             | intercepts these calls or provide fake data to them. As op
             | in the article did.
        
             | triceratops wrote:
             | I've been seeing cookie banners on European websites long
             | before GDPR was a twinkle in some Brussels bureaucrat's
             | eye.
        
           | inahga wrote:
           | FWIW in Illinois, where I've experienced this, there is a
           | bill https://www.ilga.gov/ftp/legislation/102/billstatus/HTML
           | /102... that appears to be GDPR-esque or CCPA-esque. Seems to
           | have little interest though.
        
         | jay-barronville wrote:
         | I've had to deal with Bilt [0]. In case you're not aware, they
         | have a _"feature"_ called _Instant Link_ that automatically
         | pulls _ALL_ of your personal and sensitive financial data from
         | financial institutions, including your credit card accounts,
         | balances, _etc._ They apparently do this via a partnership with
         | a company called Method Financial [1].
         | 
         | It's frankly _the most intrusive_ thing I've ever encountered
         | in any software I've ever used--I'm not sure how it's even
         | legal, but this is America where we have no real privacy
         | rights.
         | 
         | Instead of giving you the option to opt in for them to get this
         | level of access, they automatically enroll you into it when
         | your account is created, pull your data, and then allow you to
         | "opt out" afterward, which enables them to have access to your
         | personal and sensitive financial data anyway. And since you
         | literally _must_ have an account with them if your building
         | uses their services for rent payments, they've effectively
         | rigged the system to force millions of folks to unknowingly
         | give them access to their personal and sensitive financial
         | data.
         | 
         | Anyway, in your Bilt privacy settings, there are some options
         | you can disable (including _Instant Link_ ), and I recommend
         | that you disable ALL of them, although given the dark practices
         | of this company, I don't even trust that those settings are
         | actually honored.
         | 
         | Side note: Did you know about a company called Method Financial
         | that somehow has real-time access to _ALL_ of your personal and
         | sensitive financial data? Did you know that this company you
         | never heard of that has said access then sells that access to
         | the highest bidder? Do you remember agreeing to any of that
         | anywhere? Yeah, me neither (on all counts)...
         | 
         | [0]: https://www.biltrewards.com
         | 
         | [1]: https://methodfi.com
        
           | inahga wrote:
           | Thanks for the heads up. Luckily I can go back to analog with
           | certified funds to pay rent. I suspect, without evidence,
           | this is due to the relatively strong tenant protections in
           | Chicago.
        
         | jrockway wrote:
         | What's most interesting to me about that is that they are
         | willing to disclose that data to your email provider. Amazon,
         | for example, is pretty cagey about what you've bought when
         | sending emails, probably because they don't want Google to be
         | able to use that information to target ads to you. (Not because
         | they are Good and care about your privacy, but because they
         | think they're going to beat Google at advertising. How's that
         | going?)
         | 
         | So yeah, I don't get why they would do this. It gives their
         | advertising competitors valuable data for free, and it pisses
         | off customers by telling them that they're being tracked when
         | they shop at Walgreens. Strange stuff.
        
           | myself248 wrote:
           | Oh, here I thought it was because every time I want to
           | remember info about an order, it forces me back to their
           | platform, rather than simply searching my email like I do for
           | every other item I've ever purchased.
           | 
           | (And no, I don't use gmail.)
        
         | crazygringo wrote:
         | I believe that's opt-in. At least it seemed to be when my
         | landlord switched to Bilt.
         | 
         | There's a section of your Bilt profile that shows your other
         | credit cards and whether you want them linked. It's pretty
         | freaky to see them listed in the first place.
         | 
         | I definitely keep them off.
         | 
         | Bilt is ultimately a big points/reward program though, so you
         | might get points for having them connected.
         | 
         | I still haven't figured out exactly what Bilt's business plan
         | is, but the main part seems to be trying to get as much
         | financial data on people as possible, and partnering with
         | landlords to do so, and since it's how to pay your rent you
         | can't unenroll completely. (Unless you maybe mail your landlord
         | a paper check?)
        
           | inahga wrote:
           | It was opt-out for me. Or at least, I was never given
           | informed consent that this data exchange going to take place.
           | 
           | The landlord of course makes it _seem_ like you have no other
           | modes of paying rent. The cashier's check option is buried in
           | the fine print.
           | 
           | Dark patterns all around IMO.
        
           | DerSaidin wrote:
           | It was initially opt in for me, then they made it mandatory.
           | 
           | (Sure, I could pay by check but consumer banking
           | technology/US in the US already feels like is is lagging a
           | decade behind other countries without voluntarily going
           | further back. Paying by check every month would be quite
           | inconvenient.)
           | 
           | I'd already decided to avoid bilt as much as possible, but
           | reading this thread prompted me to try going a little
           | further.
           | 
           | Looking through their privacy policy it talks about what
           | California residents can do under CCPA:
           | https://legal.biltrewards.com/policies
           | 
           | > Request to Know... The specific pieces of Personal
           | Information we collected about you.
           | 
           | > You have the right to opt-out from having your Personal
           | Information and Sensitive Personal Information sold to third
           | parties. You also have the right to opt-out from having your
           | Personal Information and Sensitive Personal Information
           | shared with third parties for purposes of cross-contextual
           | advertising
           | 
           | Might as well give this a go.
        
         | Sparkyte wrote:
         | Preparation H, they should practice some level of sensitivity
         | with such information.
        
         | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
         | Loyalty cards are one avenue for data brokers to get your
         | purchase history. Credit cards can also sell your purchase
         | data. Currently the only safe-ish way to be anonymous is with
         | cash. That may disappear with pervasive face recognition and
         | cell phone tracking.
        
         | robocat wrote:
         | So paying by cash is the easiest way to generally avoid this?
         | 
         | Clearly you can decide not to use Bilt, but maybe you get
         | caught out some other way (bank, ...) - too difficult to track
         | the trackers.
        
           | RandomBacon wrote:
           | That's what I do, but I assume some stores like Target also
           | track you by Bluetooth, facial recognition, etc, and can
           | correlate any past or future cash purchases if you use your
           | credit card once for maybe a large innocuous purchase.
        
         | random3 wrote:
         | I'm assuming you're using your Bilt card when this happens.
         | Your Bilt agreement stipulates how itemized transaction data
         | (level 3 in payment terms, with level 2 being "enriched" with
         | subtotals/tax and merchant information- which is what you
         | typically see with your normal bank)
         | 
         | Card networks (Mastercard, VISA) have different fee structures
         | that incentivize more detailed information like level 3 for
         | lower processing fees for merchants - here's more details on
         | levels https://na-
         | gateway.mastercard.com/api/documentation/integrat...
         | 
         | https://support.biltrewards.com/hc/en-us/articles/5536526023...
         | 
         | Perhaps more interesting in your case is that if you had your
         | card issues in or before 2022, it's likely with Evolve bank
         | which was breached - https://medium.com/@HackLaddy/when-your-
         | bank-doxxes-you-9152...
        
         | Y_Y wrote:
         | If you find the condoms overly sensitive you can try one of the
         | "long lasting" versions.
        
           | dspillett wrote:
           | Is that my personality or my looks? :-)
        
         | accidbuddy wrote:
         | The best part of every post in the ycombinator is the comments.
         | Always learn a lot.
         | 
         | I think another big problem is pharmacies. The amount of data
         | shared with health insurance companies must be huge.
        
         | TheBozzCL wrote:
         | This literally just happened to me last week. I emailed them to
         | ask them how to stop this:                   > I understand you
         | want to opt out of all points and rewards and not be tracked.
         | >          > We're constantly working to make Bilt as rewarding
         | as possible. Currently, we don't have an option to opt out of
         | points or rewards. To prevent your transactions from being
         | tracked, the most effective step is to unlink your card from
         | your Bilt account.         >          > To unlink the card:
         | >         > Go to the Wallet tab > Scroll down to the Your
         | Linked Cards section.         > Look for the card you would
         | like to unlink and tap View all benefits.         > Click the
         | ellipsis [:] on the top right, then tap Edit > Unlink.
         | 
         | Gah, I _hate_ this service and will avoid renting on buildings
         | that use it in the future.
        
         | conductr wrote:
         | What's most strange to me is why this Bilt company would pay
         | for that data feed and somehow think it provides some value to
         | you. It's obviously just creepy way of saying we know too much
         | about you
        
         | m463 wrote:
         | This happened to me with square (block). I bought furniture,
         | and they used square and required my email address for
         | delivery. And then after that, anywhere I used square to pay
         | for something using the same card, they would email me a
         | receipt. I complained and they played dumb and never did
         | anything.
         | 
         | I just stopped using that card with square.
        
       | psanford wrote:
       | Don't use mobile apps that could just be websites.
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | Extended to add don't use websites without blockers. If they
         | are willing to track via app, why would we think they would not
         | track via browser?
        
           | nicbou wrote:
           | The browser has less access to your system, and usually only
           | if you give a specific website permission to use these
           | features. Mobile operating systems are slowly changing that
           | though.
        
             | scarface_74 wrote:
             | Have you looked at the latest JS standards?
        
               | amatecha wrote:
               | (and if you haven't... check out the APIs available to
               | the developers/owners of all the websites you browse:
               | https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API )
        
               | mirkodrummer wrote:
               | what should imply checking available web apis? the
               | comments is correct, browser can't access your location
               | without explicit confirmation from the user, the same
               | apply for other web apis, or at least mention a bunch of
               | them which you know don't apply instead of linkin MDN
        
               | amatecha wrote:
               | The more APIs available for JS to interact with, the more
               | granular and detailed browser fingerprinting can be. For
               | example, how your browser renders WebGL can differ
               | depending on what graphics card (and drivers) you have.
               | The resulting values can be read back and stored to
               | create a detailed fingerprint of who you are -- this
               | could potentially be done by Google Fonts or AdSense or
               | any number of the countless ad and analytics frameworks
               | loaded on basically all websites.
               | 
               | Good overview about how fingerprinting works:
               | https://www.privacyaffairs.com/browser-fingerprinting/
               | 
               | Browse the source in the following directory to see a
               | plethora of examples of how web APIs are used to
               | fingerprint users -- and this is just one publicly-
               | accessible library we can easily review the source code
               | of (proprietary, obfuscated ones likely use additional
               | methods): https://github.com/fingerprintjs/fingerprintjs/
               | tree/master/s...
               | 
               | One example used in multiple places in the above repo is
               | "matchMedia"[0] which was a Web API method added a while
               | ago (well, many years ago) to give a programmatic result
               | of whether a given CSS media query matches or not. This
               | can be used to detect, for example, user preferences like
               | whether the display is HDR-capable[1], or the
               | Accessibility setting "reduce motion" is enabled[2].
               | 
               | [0] https://developer.mozilla.org/en-
               | US/docs/Web/API/Window/matc...
               | 
               | [1] https://github.com/fingerprintjs/fingerprintjs/blob/m
               | aster/s...
               | 
               | [2] https://github.com/fingerprintjs/fingerprintjs/blob/m
               | aster/s...
        
               | mirkodrummer wrote:
               | what is contained in the latest js standard that does let
               | you collect fine grained information of your users
               | without their consent? web apis that have to deal with
               | sensitive data all requires explicit user confirmation to
               | be used
        
               | scarface_74 wrote:
               | The more access to your system that a web page has, the
               | better it can fingerprint you. All of those ApIs aren't
               | going to be opt in
        
           | daghamm wrote:
           | At least on android the browser is limited by the android
           | permission system, i.e. if you dont give browser GPS
           | permissionit cannot give pages dito. In addition the browser
           | will ask if you want to grant an app access to something like
           | positioning data.
           | 
           | Furthermore, it is hard for a web page to run in background
           | and receive user data.
        
         | scarface_74 wrote:
         | How will that help? It's even easier to track across websites
         | than apps and websites can also get your ip address to track
         | you.
        
       | gruez wrote:
       | >If it was LTE, I bet the lat/lon would be much more precise.
       | 
       | False. Apps don't have access to cellid information unless they
       | also have location permissions, in which case they can just
       | request your location directly.
       | 
       | >the free apps you install and use collect your precise location
       | with timestamp [...]
       | 
       | This is alarmist and contradictory given that the author admits a
       | few paragraphs up that the "location shared was not very
       | precise". It might be possible for the app to request precise
       | location via location services, but the app doesn't request such
       | permissions (at least on android, you can't check for requested
       | permissions on iOS without installing the app and running it), so
       | such apps are most definitely limited to "not very precise"
       | locations.
       | 
       | >At the same time, there is so much data in the requests that I'd
       | expect ad exchanges to find some loophole ID that would allow
       | cross-app tracking without the need for IDFA.
       | 
       | At least in theory they're not supposed to do that, but it'd be
       | hard to enforce.
       | 
       | "If a user resets the Advertising Identifier, then You agree not
       | to combine, correlate, link or otherwise associate, either
       | directly or indirectly, the prior Advertising Identifier and any
       | derived information with the reset Advertising Identifier. "
       | 
       | https://developer.apple.com/support/terms/apple-developer-pr...
        
         | anon7000 wrote:
         | Eh. Zip code level location + timestamp is still pretty
         | invasive, even if, pedantically, that's not very precise.
         | 
         | We should compare if there a differences in the data sent in
         | countries with better data privacy laws.
        
           | eli wrote:
           | "Precise" has a specific meaning for iOS Location Services
           | and this ain't it. Presumably it's just doing IP geolocation
           | which _could_ be the same post code, or it could be the wrong
           | city entirely. I 'd expect it to be much worse on LTE than
           | WiFi.
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | >Eh. Zip code level location + timestamp is still pretty
           | invasive, even if, pedantically, that's not very precise.
           | 
           | That's basically sent to multiple parties (ISPs, transit
           | providers, CDNs, analytics/advertising/diagnostics/security
           | vendors) everytime you visit a website. If this counts as
           | "invasive" to you, you shouldn't be connected to the internet
           | at all, much less buying a tracking device (a smartphone) and
           | installing random ad-supported apps on it.
        
         | saagarjha wrote:
         | Cell carriers will gladly sell that information to apps. You
         | can make calls to them over the cellular network (even if Wi-Fi
         | is active!) and they will hand it back to you. No location
         | services is required to do this.
        
       | jmward01 wrote:
       | A long time ago I had the idea to create an 'accountability
       | server'. The high level idea was for it to generate unique
       | credentials so that you could track to the source who sold your
       | info. There are some ways to do that now, but I wonder if it is
       | time to start exploring that idea again. If you exposed it as a
       | VPN/proxy+app that ran on a server in your home, so that you
       | could collect your own data and provide unique credentials on
       | account creation, then I wonder how much that combination could
       | figure out. Since it could act as a man in the middle it
       | potentially could annotate credential source and see the ads and
       | potentially track them to source. "This male enhancement pill ad
       | is linked to your tire purchase." There is a lot of hand waving
       | here, but I wonder if something like this could be built. The
       | first step to stopping things like this is showing people who did
       | it to them.
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | Wouldn't this require access to bid side data? The OP mentions
         | it's pretty easy to get, but any company using this to expose
         | advertisers is going to get their access cut off pretty fast.
         | As the saying goes, "snitches get stitches".
        
           | jmward01 wrote:
           | My thought here is that there is likely a lot of leaked data
           | on ads themselves, that is one of the reasons why you would
           | need the VPN/proxy. Additionally you could (potentially)
           | create fake browser fingerprint credentials on the fly to
           | feed sites and have the VPN/proxy track the ads that show up
           | for those credentials. (other credentials like email and the
           | like could also be created by the app for you) You don't see
           | the bid data, but you may be able to control the tracking
           | that spurs it and you can see the results of it so a setup
           | like this could likely make some inferences.
           | 
           | I don't know this industry well and the tech here has long
           | sense eclipsed me so I really don't know what is possible but
           | I imagine there are possibilities with this setup.
        
         | aorloff wrote:
         | There's no question about who the players involved are.
         | 
         | https://developers.google.com/authorized-buyers/rtb/openrtb-...
        
         | oldherl wrote:
         | You can't. Because the creation is done in some proprietary
         | software either bundled in the App or (worse) in the server
         | somewhere.
        
       | jiri wrote:
       | What does happen if I turn off location/gps? I guess that
       | location has to be quite imprecise.
        
         | spencerflem wrote:
         | Stores have WiFi hotspots with very short range to track you
         | that way while you're in the isle.
        
           | daneel_w wrote:
           | Only if you don't turn WiFi off. To my understanding even the
           | "soft off" option present in iOS stops the phone from
           | beaconing, and just listens in order to collect data for
           | building augmented location services. I don't know what the
           | Androids do. These days both of them also offer randomized
           | MAC address to curtail such tracking.
        
             | spencerflem wrote:
             | right, they were saying it's enough just to turn off
             | location though.
             | 
             | tho tbh if i really cared, no phone/battery out/faraday
             | cage is still the gold standard
        
         | elmomle wrote:
         | With GPS off, location can triangulated from cell tower usage
         | to within 3/4 of a square mile (smaller uncertainty in urban
         | areas where cell towers are closer together). I'd heard before
         | that some data brokers do this, but in this article the writer
         | mentions reverse DNS lookup on IP addresses, which they mention
         | is less precise (ZIP-code level).
        
           | spencerflem wrote:
           | 5G is far more precise as well
        
           | adrr wrote:
           | It's not that accurate. E911 location was a few miles off.
        
       | password4321 wrote:
       | Is WiFi access point geolocation by SSID or MAC address? Do
       | mobile OS's require additional permissions for apps to get either
       | of these data points?
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | >Do mobile OS's require additional permissions for apps to get
         | either of these data points?
         | 
         | Yes on both iOS and Android as far as I can remember.
        
           | Aachen wrote:
           | Android for sure, since version 8 I'm certain but probably
           | even 5 or 4.x (so 10+ years ago)
           | 
           | Always annoys me when I want to use a WiFi scanner to
           | determine the range of an access point in different locations
           | for example and it needs me to turn on location access first
           | before it can get WiFi data. The open source app doesn't have
           | an Internet connection so there's no way for it to send back
           | data to the mothership even if it had an SSID database baked
           | into the apk. For me, and traditionally, the location switch
           | is to turn on or off energy-hungry GPS hardware, not gatekeep
           | when I trust apps to collect my location. I can set those to
           | "only while in use", deny their Internet access, or just not
           | install them if I don't trust them with the location
           | permission
        
         | radicality wrote:
         | iOS definitely requires Precise location permission allowed for
         | the app to see your WiFi name / ssid and other WiFi around you
        
           | matthewdgreen wrote:
           | But all it takes is one app with that permission to tie you
           | to all the others. And there are always apps that need your
           | location at some point to provide useful data. At this point
           | I'm not sure there's any single app I trust.
        
             | ignoramous wrote:
             | > _apps that need your location_
             | 
             | And, triangulating client's public IP address will also
             | give away location with decent precision:
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37507355
             | 
             | btw, we need a securephones.io [0] part 2 focusing on apps.
             | 
             | [0] cert has expired
        
         | scarface_74 wrote:
         | On iOS at least you can set the MAC address to be different per
         | access point or to rotate on the same access point or to use
         | your normal MAC
        
       | theptip wrote:
       | > Why do they need to know my screen brightness, memory amount,
       | current volume and if I'm wearing headphones?
       | 
       | This is clearly adding entropy to de-anonymize users between
       | apps, rather than to add specificity to ad bids.
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | Everything listed changes way too often to be useful for
         | tracking. My guess is that it's for anti-fraud purposes.
         | Someone setting up fake devices and/or device farms is likely
         | to get similar values, which means they can be detected via ML
         | or whatever.
        
           | Groxx wrote:
           | > screen brightness, memory amount, current volume and if I'm
           | wearing headphones
           | 
           | None of those are likely to change when you navigate from one
           | website to another, _with tracking /ads disabled_, which is
           | what they want to be able to track. Otherwise they'd just use
           | their cookies.
           | 
           | One device visits a site where you sell ads. A minute later,
           | an unknown device with identical battery, volume, headphone,
           | brightness, model number, browser version, _and boot time to
           | the second_ arrives on another site you run ads on. There 's
           | a _pretty_ good chance they 're related, because the odds of
           | _all_ those being the same _plus those two sites and recent
           | timings involved_ is rather low:
           | https://coveryourtracks.eff.org/
           | 
           | Plus it doesn't have to be perfect. It just has to be good
           | enough in bulk to sell.
        
         | jmward01 wrote:
         | It would be amazing if you could build and send fake profiles
         | of this information to create fake browser fingerprints and
         | help track the trackers. Similarly, creating a lot of random
         | noise here may help hide the true signal, or at least make
         | their job a lot harder.
        
           | nickburns wrote:
           | Unfortunately fingerprinting prevention/resistance tactics
           | become a readily identifiable signal unto themselves. I.e.,
           | the 'random noise' becomes fingerprintable if not widely
           | utilized.
           | 
           |  _Everyone_ would need to be generating the same  'random
           | noise' for any such tactics to be truly effective.
        
             | jmward01 wrote:
             | A sufficient number of people would need to, not everyone.
             | And if I were the only one then tracking companies wouldn't
             | adjust for just me. Basically, if this were to catch on
             | then ad trackers wouldn't adjust until there was enough
             | traffic for it to work. Also, that doesn't negate the
             | ability to use this to create fake credentials that aids in
             | tracking ads back to their source.
        
               | sebastiennight wrote:
               | They don't need to adjust.
               | 
               | Here's a real-life example: You show up alone at the
               | airport with a full-face mask and gray coveralls. You are
               | perfectly hidden. But you are the only such hidden
               | person, and there is still old cam footage of you in the
               | airport parking lot, putting on the clothes. The
               | surveillance team can let you act anonymous all you want.
               | They still know who you are, because your disguise IS the
               | unique fingerprint.
               | 
               | Now the scenario you're shooting for here is:
               | 
               | 10 people are now walking around the airport in full-face
               | masks and gray coveralls. You think, "well now they DO
               | NOT know if it's ME, or some terrorist, or some random
               | other guy from HN!"
               | 
               | But really, they still have this super-specific
               | fingerprint (there are still less than 1 person in a
               | million with this disguise) and all they need is ONE
               | identifying characteristic (you're taller than the other
               | masked people, maybe) to know who's who.
               | 
               | They didn't need to adjust their system one bit.
        
               | jmward01 wrote:
               | Swapping fingerprint details is different than your
               | example since it happens immediately and out of view. You
               | could change fingerprints very often/create a new set for
               | every browser tab. Additionally, as I pointed out before,
               | they won't adjust until there is enough usage and when
               | there is enough usage then the random settings are hard
               | to distinguish because it isn't 1 in 1m. I get that they
               | will keep trying to track down things that make browsing
               | specific, but that is what updates are for. We need to at
               | least make it hard.
        
               | theptip wrote:
               | I think this is a slightly different case no? If the ad
               | network is using a very high precision variable to soft-
               | link anonymized accounts, then randomizing the values
               | between apps should break that.
               | 
               | Your analogy applies more to things like trying to
               | anonymize your traffic with Tor, where using such an
               | anonymizer flags your IP as doing something weird vs
               | other users. I'm not convinced simply fuzzing the values
               | would be detectable, assuming you pick values that other
               | real users could pick.
        
               | amanda99 wrote:
               | I'm sure the ad networks do a lot more than use high
               | precision variables for soft-linking.
               | 
               | These are professional networks with a ton of capital
               | thrown behind them. They have pretty decent algorithms,
               | heuristics, etc; and you don't make money (compared to
               | the other data correlation teams) if you do simple dumb
               | stuff. I'm certain they take into account those trying to
               | be privacy-conscious, if only to increase their match
               | rates to be competitive.
        
               | araes wrote:
               | It's kind of how people used to make fun of the CIA types
               | and "undercover" operatives.
               | 
               | Look for the guy wearing a conspicuously plain leather
               | jacket and baseball cap. "Why hello there average looking
               | stranger I've never met. Psss, 'tis a fair day, but it'll
               | be lovelier this evening.'" "Oh ... it's Murphy the spy
               | you want."
               | 
               | Also, found out the CIA declassified a bunch of jokes
               | several years back in searching to respond. [1] Most are
               | already dead links on CIA.gov, yet there's a few
               | remaining. Nother one on people commenting on the CIA.
               | [2] "These types are swin- Ask in Langley if they work
               | for the CIA. Every- Ask in Langley. They will tells one
               | knows them." 'You, it's the big building behind.'
               | 
               | [1] https://nationalpost.com/news/the-cia-has-
               | declassified-a-bun...
               | 
               | [2] https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-
               | rdp75-00149r000...
        
               | AndrewOMartin wrote:
               | The garbage in the last sentence of this comment is due
               | to the second link including incorrectly OCR'd text from
               | an image of a newspaper using a two column layout. Both
               | links are very amusing.
        
             | gitgud wrote:
             | That's why it should be the browsers & OS's that enforce
             | such privacy measures... it shouldn't be an option that my
             | Grandma needs to enable...
        
               | jmward01 wrote:
               | Unfortunately the fox is building the hen-house. They
               | 'should' build products that improve my experience but
               | they have very little incentive to do that when they get
               | paid so much for the data they can extract. What would
               | actually do it is regulations similar to financial
               | regulations. OS/browser companies shouldn't be allowed to
               | do business with data brokers. Then they would have one
               | primary customer, the consumer, and competition would
               | focus on the correct outcome. But 'regulation' is an evil
               | word so we aren't likely to see anything like that
               | actually happen.
        
         | Xen9 wrote:
         | It's also useful for making ads more effective & manipulation
         | overall. As long as you can connect the data you track & buy,
         | you can use Thompson sampling. In fact, why would we think
         | knowing the name of a person is anything but bad business?
        
         | GeoAtreides wrote:
         | > adding entropy to de-anonymize users
         | 
         | _removing_ entropy, by adding more information bits
        
           | ohisaysir wrote:
           | Technically, information are the bits you DON'T know. Once
           | you know the bits, it isn't "information" in the Shannon
           | sense, in that it takes no energy to reset a message if you
           | know all the bits, but takes N-units of energy for N unknown
           | bits of information. (See; Feynman's lectures on computation)
        
         | sizzle wrote:
         | Straight up fingerprinting us without consent it's pure
         | insanity.
        
           | ErigmolCt wrote:
           | They've basically turned every phone into a tracking beacon
        
             | blueflow wrote:
             | I'm sure there is a choir of "told you so"-singers
             | somewhere.
        
         | ErigmolCt wrote:
         | Combine this with IP, timestamp, and some behavioral patterns,
         | and you've got an extremely robust tracking mechanism that
         | operates outside of explicit consent mechanisms.
        
         | claw-el wrote:
         | I believe some apps actually have to automatically brighten up
         | your screen when displaying a QR code for scanning, and then
         | reduce back the brightness of its previous setting when moving
         | out of the QR code. I believe the Whole Foods app does this for
         | its first screen.
        
           | emaro wrote:
           | Surely that could be done without sending the brightness to
           | some 3rd party.
        
         | xkzx wrote:
         | Screen brightness can identify weather you are outside or
         | inside.
        
           | fumblebee wrote:
           | Taken as one of a thousand attributes it's likely to provide
           | at least some discriminatory lift in isolating a single user,
           | even if tiny.
        
       | ksec wrote:
       | May be Steve Jobs was right all along. We dont need Smartphone
       | with App Store. Either 1st Party Apps and Everything else should
       | be on Browser or Apps that uses Browser Engine.
        
         | voytec wrote:
         | What? [0]
         | 
         | [0] Steve Jobs introduces App Store -
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eU3X6Fu5JiE
        
           | collinvandyck76 wrote:
           | Probably referring to Jobs' initial stance that HTML5 is more
           | than sufficient for "apps". Of course, he acquiesced and
           | eventually added the App Store.
        
         | nabaraz wrote:
         | Steve jobs embraced web apps as much as he could.[0]. But
         | people weren't willing to give up desktop apps.
         | 
         | [0]
         | https://web.archive.org/web/20070809174426/http://www.apple....
        
         | RedComet wrote:
         | Websites tend to have more ads and tracking than native apps,
         | and they're still getting your ip address.
        
       | amelius wrote:
       | > was shocked by the amount and types of data sent with the bids
       | to ad exchanges.
       | 
       | Can this data fall into the hands of "evil" state actors, and why
       | is Congress OK with that and not with tiktok?
        
         | noonething wrote:
         | yes and China/make money.
        
         | eli wrote:
         | Blaming China is easy and has bipartisan appeal while actual
         | data privacy regulations are hard and do not.
        
         | Argonaut998 wrote:
         | Are the police evil state actors? They purchase location data
         | from private companies to target protesters[1]
         | 
         | [1]https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2022/08/how-law-enforcement-
         | ar...
        
         | pas wrote:
         | Congress is pretty ok with whatever Trump says, we have always
         | been at war/peace with TikTokia.
        
         | coldpie wrote:
         | Zuck's lobbyists pay better than China's.
        
       | noman-land wrote:
       | This is honestly a masterpiece.
        
       | TZubiri wrote:
       | That you can get an approximate address based on an IP address is
       | not very new, and is in fact a feature baked into the very IP
       | protocol.
        
       | motohagiography wrote:
       | great writeup. keep forensic faraday bags around.
        
       | sureglymop wrote:
       | A while ago a co worker told me "why would you care about your
       | privacy? all my data is already out there anyway and what can
       | even be done with it anyway".
       | 
       | What would be the ideal response to such an absurd comment? At
       | the time I found it hard to answer because she surprised me with
       | that opinion.
       | 
       | Edit to note: the explanation should be compatible with a
       | professional context. I don't want to scare my co workers or
       | appear crazy/paranoid.
        
         | noman-land wrote:
         | Seriously, anyone who ever says they have nothing to hide, show
         | them this story.
         | 
         | "A Redding Police Department officer in 2021 was charged with
         | six misdemeanors after being accused of accessing CLETS to set
         | up a traffic stop for his fiancee's ex-husband, resulting in
         | the man's car being towed and impounded, the local outlet A
         | News Cafe reported. Court records show the officer was fired,
         | but he was ultimately acquitted by a jury in the criminal case.
         | He now works for a different police department 30 miles away."
         | 
         | California Law Enforcement Misused State Databases More Than
         | 7,000 Times in 2023
         | https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2025/01/california-police-misu...
        
         | gvkoo wrote:
         | There are a few examples I use when I hear such ignorant
         | statements: 1. Not caring about privacy cuz you've got nothing
         | to hide is like saying you don't care about freedom of speech
         | cuz you've got nothing to say. 2. If you don't care about
         | privacy, why don't you poop with an open door, for everyone to
         | observe?
        
           | fragmede wrote:
           | Because I don't want to rest of the house to smell?
           | 
           | A different argument that appeals to some is that you might
           | not have something to hide, but what about the people who
           | _do_? For the greater good of society, whistleblowers are
           | needed to expose malfeasance by the corrupt and it 's going
           | to make it much harder for any of them to come forwards if
           | their reward is _literally_ exile to Russia. If you 're in
           | support of a slow slide into dystopia, go ahead and argue
           | against all privacy. Whether a given situation rises to that
           | level is an different but adjacent topic, but appealing to
           | something some people can believe in, such as not letting the
           | rich and powerful get away with being utterly corrupt in
           | their dealings is a way to find common ground, with some. not
           | everyone cares about that though, but it's an additional
           | argument for privacy.
        
           | sureglymop wrote:
           | The problem is, I could not formulate anything in this way in
           | a professional setting. I want my co workers to understand
           | because I feel a bit uneasy working with people who do not
           | but I also don't want to scare them.
        
         | JW_00000 wrote:
         | See https://www.reddit.com/r/linux/comments/1drrjtu/i_dont_have
         | _....
         | 
         | My examples:
         | 
         | - You get an HIV diagnosis (or other terrible disease). Do you
         | want everyone you meet to know?
         | 
         | - You feel depressed or burnt out. Should your employer know?
         | 
         | - You're financially in a bad place. Do you want your kids to
         | know? Do you want your kids' friends to know?
         | 
         | - Do you share your salary with everyone?
         | 
         | - If someone's gay, should this be public information?
         | 
         | - Should your religion be public? Your political points of
         | view?
        
         | phba wrote:
         | Losing privacy makes you more vulnerable to economic
         | exploitation (price discrimination, salary negotiation,
         | insurance premiums, etc). Therefore protecting your privacy is
         | a form of economic self-defense.
        
         | asdf6969 wrote:
         | Just ask for their email password and see what they say.
         | Usually though this comment is just them trying to change the
         | subject because very few people know or care about any of this
        
       | volume wrote:
       | neat details shared, might check out later.
       | 
       | Does this apply to Brave browser?
        
       | sunnybeetroot wrote:
       | Whilst I trust that the author did in fact look at the data of
       | each request eventually, the screenshot they provided of Charles
       | could not have been of the exact requests they intercepted given
       | Charles is indicating that those are not yet SSL proxied (except
       | for the 2 GET requests).
       | 
       | EDIT: please ignore, author did it differently to what I
       | expected.
        
         | timsh wrote:
         | I decrypted them all by installing Charles SSL cert on the
         | iphone. This is why the requests seem not SSL proxied.
        
           | sunnybeetroot wrote:
           | My apologies, thank you for clarifying and thank you for the
           | brilliant article. Have updated my comment.
        
           | wkat4242 wrote:
           | This technique doesn't work anymore on android because you
           | can no longer add certificates to the system store and apps
           | are free to choose to accept the user store CAs or not. That
           | was changed in Android 7. For "security" they say. Security
           | of Googles business model I'm sure.
        
       | everdrive wrote:
       | I'm really happy to see this level of detail and research. So
       | many privacy-related articles either wholly lack in technical
       | skill, or hysterically cannot differentiate between different
       | levels of privacy concerns and risks.
       | 
       | People commonly point to Mozilla's research regarding vehicle's
       | privacy policies.
       | (https://foundation.mozilla.org/en/blog/privacy-nightmare-on-...)
       | But that research only states what the car company's lawyers felt
       | they must include in their privacy policies. These policies imply
       | (and I'm sure, correctly imply) that your conversations will be
       | recorded when you're in the vehicle. But, they never drill down
       | into the real technical details. For instance ..... are car
       | companies recording you the whole time and streaming ALL of your
       | audio from ALL of your driving? Are they just recording you at a
       | random samples? Are they ONLY recording you when you're issuing
       | voice commands, and the lawyers are simply hedging their bets
       | regarding what sort of data _might_ come through accidentally
       | during those instances? Once they record you, where is the data
       | stored, and for how long? Is it sent to 3rd parties, etc? Which
       | of these systems can be disabled, and via what means? Does
       | disabling these systems disable any other functionality of the
       | vehicle, or void its warranty? Lastly, does your insurance shoot
       | up if you have a car without one of these systems? etc ...
       | 
       | The list of questions could go almost indefinitely, and
       | presumably, would vary strongly across manufacturers. So much of
       | the privacy news out there is nothing but scary and often not
       | very substantiated worst case scenarios. Without the details and
       | means to improve privacy, all these stories can do is spread
       | cynicism. I'm really glad to see this level of discourse for the
       | author.
        
         | jjeaff wrote:
         | I'll answer the, "Does disabling it void your warranty?"
         | question. The answer is almost always "no". Unless the
         | modification you make to something actually directly or
         | indirectly caused damage to it, companies in the US cannot
         | "void the warranty".
        
           | lesuorac wrote:
           | I'm sure the company will argue the warranty is voided akin
           | to how trucks have "not liable for damage from rocks" or w/e
           | (they are).
           | 
           | IIRC, this is under the Magnuson-Moss act but I didn't find
           | it when skimming wikipedia.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnuson%E2%80%93Moss_Warranty.
           | ..
        
           | shakna wrote:
           | This is usually side-stepped by being a violation of Terms of
           | Service, which is a much lower legal hurdle.
           | 
           | The warranty is intact, but the device is bricked, because it
           | can't bypass any of the authentication that is required to
           | do... Pretty much everything.
        
         | AlotOfReading wrote:
         | Those aren't questions that have fixed answers. The data
         | available is pretty far beyond what _I 'm_ personally
         | comfortable with though.
         | 
         | One OEM I'm familiar with had such a policy. My org determined
         | that we needed a statistical reference to compare against
         | within a certain area. Some calls were made to the right people
         | and shortly after we had a (mildly) anonymized map of high
         | precision tracks for every vehicle of that brand within the
         | area over some period.
        
           | everdrive wrote:
           | That's pretty interesting. What was the purpose of the
           | statistical sample? What did your company want to know
           | precisely?
        
             | jon9544hn wrote:
             | I'm assuming insurance or commercial trucking? Or both?
        
         | AdieuToLogic wrote:
         | > Lastly, does your insurance shoot up if you have a car
         | without one of these systems?
         | 
         | This question I can answer with a reasonable degree of
         | certainty; no, it does not.
         | 
         | Insurance companies increase rates for automobile coverage for
         | many reasons, real or illusionary. But "does your insurance
         | shoot up" strictly for not having a recording device in a
         | vehicle is not one of them.
         | 
         | Do some insurance companies charge less when provided access to
         | policy owner driving patterns which the companies infer reduce
         | their risk? Sure.
         | 
         | But that is a different question.
        
           | sfink wrote:
           | > Do some insurance companies charge less when provided
           | access to policy owner driving patterns which the companies
           | infer reduce their risk? Sure.
           | 
           | > But that is a different question.
           | 
           | In what way? A discount for allowing surveillance is
           | identical to an extra charge for disallowing it. They're
           | identical, unless the "base" rate is set externally somehow.
           | 
           | $5 for lemonade, $3 off if you skip the lemon == $2 for sugar
           | water, $3 extra to add lemon.
        
             | AdieuToLogic wrote:
             | >> Do some insurance companies charge less when provided
             | access to policy owner driving patterns which the companies
             | infer reduce their risk? Sure.
             | 
             | >> But that is a different question.
             | 
             | > In what way? A discount for allowing surveillance is
             | identical to an extra charge for disallowing it.
             | 
             | In this case, the discount is "opt-in."
             | 
             | > $5 for lemonade, $3 off if you skip the lemon == $2 for
             | sugar water, $3 extra to add lemon.
             | 
             | I believe a better analogy is:                 The drink
             | costs $5.  If you don't want lemon in it,       we'll knock
             | off $3.  Those are your options.
        
               | sfink wrote:
               | That "better" analogy is a restatement of "$5 for
               | lemonade, $3 off if you skip the lemon."
               | 
               | > In this case, the discount is "opt-in."
               | 
               | The base price is not a force of nature. $5 with the
               | option to opt-in to a $3 discount sounds great, until you
               | realize that just a month ago the price was $2 by
               | default. They raised the default by $3, but allowed you
               | to opt-out of that increase. Whether you label that "opt-
               | in" [to the discount] or "opt-out" [from the increase],
               | you end up in exactly the same place.
        
             | naniwaduni wrote:
             | Defaults matter.
        
             | robertlagrant wrote:
             | > A discount for allowing surveillance is identical to an
             | extra charge for disallowing it.
             | 
             | I don't think this is necessarily true. You're right that
             | there's an unknown base rate, but that means you can't say
             | what you're saying as well. And if you have other companies
             | that offer non-driving-pattern policies as well, and
             | they're a similar price, you can see it's a discount not an
             | added cost.
             | 
             | In fact, regardless, other companies are your best bet in
             | combatting rising prices for any reason.
        
               | sfink wrote:
               | Yes. That is what "...unless the base rate is set
               | externally somehow" means.
               | 
               | It _is_ different initially, when only one company is
               | offering the  "discount" and they have not yet adjusted
               | their base price upward. In fact, the people who want the
               | discount will presumably flock to their service, which
               | may even mean they won't raise the base price all the way
               | up if it makes their costs lower. But if that works, the
               | other companies will follow suit.
               | 
               | In short: there's a period of time when there's a
               | difference, and you have a real choice. If the difference
               | is real, it will get locked in to the entire industry.
               | It's a positive economic profit, and those go away.
               | 
               | cf https://robert.ocallahan.org/2014/08/choose-firefox-
               | now-or-l...
        
       | lilsoso wrote:
       | Would be interesting to know how much data leaks on a new iPhone
       | with some of the iOS privacy settings enabled and a handful of
       | popular apps installed (WhatsApp, Instagram, Google Maps, Uber,
       | etc).
       | 
       | And then if you use a commercial VPN with DNS ad-blocking
       | enabled, how much more does this help?
        
         | ignoramous wrote:
         | Going by TFA, _not much_.
        
       | diimdeep wrote:
       | All these companies operate from within USA jurisdiction, that
       | should send the world clear message.
       | 
       | Snowden in one of interviews talks about exactly this kind of
       | tracking with Amazon example (ts 01:18:00)
       | https://x.com/JohnStossel/status/1885382675810181612
       | 
       | Basically, all these companies, ad networks, data brokers, big
       | tech with absence of basic privacy laws (not to be confused with
       | 4th amendment that binds Fed and State gov only, but does not
       | restraint companies) act with wilful conspiracy with US
       | government regulators, washing each other hand like a monopoly.
       | This data gets enriched and collided and is perpetually on a
       | permanent record.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permanent_Record_(autobiograph...
       | 
       | So next time you talk about totalitarian regimes around the world
       | look in the window.
        
       | ktimespi wrote:
       | Minor nitpick, but aren't ads sold to the highest bidder?
        
       | AyyEye wrote:
       | > There's no "personal information" here, but honestly this
       | amount of data shared with an arbitrary list of 3rd parties is
       | scary. Why do they need to know my screen brightness, memory
       | amount, current volume and if I'm wearing headphones?
       | 
       | Screen brightness, boot time, memory, and network operator could
       | probably fingerprint any device all by itself.
        
         | maximilianthe1 wrote:
         | A lot of people have "autobrightness" on. I'd think brightness
         | doesn't help much here
        
           | landr0id wrote:
           | Kind of a joke, but it could be useful for determining if
           | they should serve light-mode or dark-mode ads. But I suppose
           | they could just detect if dark/light mode are enabled.
        
             | saagarjha wrote:
             | Why would you serve dark-mode ads? Clearly you would pick
             | the brightest option all the time.
        
           | sky2224 wrote:
           | Automatic brightness probably helps honestly. It could help
           | confirm whether someone is in fact in an area that has high
           | levels of lighting around them (e.g., in a store, at a beach
           | on a sunny day, etc.)
           | 
           | Everything little piece of data that is gathered and used can
           | help even if it isn't immediately apparent.
           | 
           | Now I could be wrong on this, but I feel like advertisers
           | don't need to _know_ something is true about a user, they
           | just need to be _confident_ something is true about a user
           | and that 's where data points like screen brightness can be
           | of help to them.
        
       | afarah1 wrote:
       | NetGuard with DROP OUTBOUND policy once again proves helpful. The
       | only app that shows ads that I have on my phone is a PDF scanner,
       | and I don't allow it internet access.
        
         | switch007 wrote:
         | GrapheneOS also allows you to toggle the Network permission of
         | any app
        
       | timsh wrote:
       | wow @apokryptein thanks for posting my article here... I'm
       | shocked it's #1 rn. if anyone has any questions regarding the
       | post - I'm here to answer & talk!
        
         | pas wrote:
         | how the MAID/IDfV gets into the PII-ID databases?
         | 
         | It seems that part is completely missing. (Or I missed it.)
         | 
         | So for example can/do airlines sell it? Or telecom/utility
         | companies, when you use their app?
        
           | timsh wrote:
           | I don't know the answer to this, which is why I didn't
           | mention it in the post. However, I could speculate that these
           | data-broker companies scrape leaked [hacked and stolen] data
           | from various panels and then match records on their end.
           | kinda OSINT for bad reasons.
        
         | forgingahead wrote:
         | Great article, thanks for taking the time to research and write
         | it all up! Definitely learned some new things from it.
        
         | Dhruv_Gheewala wrote:
         | Wow, such a beautiful article you have written. Usually, I'm
         | not into reading much but after very long I've completed a full
         | article with such interest. Thanks for it !!
        
       | amarcheschi wrote:
       | Another "funny" thing regarding Microsoft xandr
       | 
       | I sent them my uid2 and they still say they can't link to an
       | identity and don't have a match in their database
        
       | lysace wrote:
       | I wonder: to which extent are purchased/brokered app real-time
       | location data feeds used by various intelligence services to
       | target missile strikes in war zones? In e.g. Ukraine/Russia.
        
         | ActorNightly wrote:
         | The leaked tools that NSA used, like XKEYSCORE, used publicly
         | available data collection methods, including purchasing
         | advertiser lists, to cross correlate all the data and form a
         | profile. So anybody could do this stuff.
        
         | supertrope wrote:
         | https://taskandpurpose.com/news/russia-ukraine-cell-phones-t...
         | 
         | Not riding off ad geolocation but hijacking a UA app:
         | https://www.crowdstrike.com/wp-content/brochures/FancyBearTr...
        
       | beders wrote:
       | I'm surprised people think they have any kind of privacy -
       | especially when using free services. They are not free. You pay
       | with whatever data can be extracted from your devices and
       | behavior.
       | 
       | Also, there's a looong list of companies who know the location of
       | your mobile device, starting from the cell phone tower operator
       | to Apple/Google and many in between.
        
         | pas wrote:
         | The article does not explain how PII gets into the databases,
         | and the critical link the IDfV... how do databases connect it
         | to people's name/address?
         | 
         | It gets leaked if the app I use gets my name/address, like
         | Uber, right?
        
         | AlgebraFox wrote:
         | True. But even paid apps have access to these data and can
         | collect it without our knowledge. A genius called Stallman
         | proposed solution decades ago. Free software aka. open source
         | software. But outside of tech community, open source is not a
         | known term. Maybe we should market it wherever possible, if we
         | want true privacy and freedom.
        
       | xyst wrote:
       | Apple's "privacy protections" are nothing more than marketing.
       | 
       | "Ask app not to track" is a wash and privacy theater at best. One
       | of the reasons I still run ad blocking on _all_ websites and at
       | the network layer. Sorry "content creators" but you need to get
       | your revenue from elsewhere (ie, sponsored content).
       | 
       | Now I want a phone that scrambles all of this data on a per app
       | (or phone) basis.
       | 
       | Malicious app wants this data? Sure you can have it. But you will
       | get randomized values for every bit of information -- resolution,
       | lat/lon, brightness, battery level (user can set range of
       | 90-100%), ....
        
       | anurag wrote:
       | I'm a very happy paying customer of NextDNS (https://nextdns.io)
       | which blocks known adware and tracking hosts across all mobile
       | and desktop platforms.
        
         | nickburns wrote:
         | Which does absolutely nothing if your device or the app in
         | question is permitted or otherwise not prevented from making
         | DNS-over-HTTPS (or, less commonly because of its discrete port,
         | DNS-over-TLS) queries.
        
           | madeofpalk wrote:
           | Don't all the ad-blocking DNS providers also support DNS-
           | over-HTTPS now as well? I use it with AdGuard Home, and I saw
           | PiHole supports it as well.
        
             | nickburns wrote:
             | I'm referring to devices and apps that are 'hard-coded' to
             | query specific DoH servers/providers, therefore bypassing
             | and regardless of any user-configured DNS server/s. And
             | because DoH operates on outbound TCP/443, the lookups are
             | indistinguishable from any other 'web' traffic.
             | 
             | Even some of the most popular desktop web browsers are
             | configured to utilize DoH by default nowadays.
             | 
             | The most that a network administrator can do to prevent
             | this is configure firewall IP blocklists of known DoH
             | servers and NAT all outbound 53 (and 853) traffic to a
             | desired resolver (like a local Pi-hole instance, for
             | example).
        
               | ignoramous wrote:
               | > _The most that a network administrator can do to
               | prevent this is configure firewall IP blocklists of known
               | DoH servers ..._
               | 
               | A firewall (which must also host a resolver) can choose
               | to block requests to IPs it hasn't resolved domain names
               | for.
               | 
               | This is something I implemented for an Android firewall
               | app I co-develop; it works nicely enough.
        
               | nickburns wrote:
               | A firewall (which must also host a resolver)
               | 
               | Is that true? Per what spec are you referring to?
        
               | Zak wrote:
               | ignoramous probably meant that in order to block access
               | to all IP addresses that it has not recently resolved,
               | the firewall must also host or communicate closely with a
               | resolver. This is a tautology, not a spec.
        
               | sriacha wrote:
               | what app?
        
               | ignoramous wrote:
               | https://github.com/celzero/rethink-app
        
         | Argonaut998 wrote:
         | Facebook hard-code IP addresses when their domains are blocked.
         | I found this out while using NextDNS alongside that logging
         | functionality that iPhones have. It's insane the lengths that
         | they go to.
        
           | ssklash wrote:
           | It's not insane at all. It is the entirety of their business
           | model, so it makes sense that they will do everything
           | possible to keep that sweet surveillance cash flowing.
        
           | ornornor wrote:
           | One more reason I don't use Facebook and will never install
           | their app on my phone.
        
           | ignoramous wrote:
           | > _Facebook hard-code IP addresses when their domains are
           | blocked_
           | 
           | Sounds like an anti-censorship or a generic connectivity
           | robustness feature [0]? WhatsApp and Instagram do this, too.
           | 
           | [0] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41959945
        
       | mdasen wrote:
       | This is a wonderful write up. The part that isn't clear to me is
       | how they're getting the geolocation data if location services are
       | turned off. Are they just going off geo-ip lookups? If you grant
       | access to Bluetooth or finding devices on your local network,
       | they can get more information to track your location. Absent
       | that, how would they get better than geo-ip?
        
         | secondcoming wrote:
         | https://www.maxmind.com/en/home
        
       | petee wrote:
       | They say the leaked list is 2000 apps, but the linked spreadsheet
       | has over 12000...
       | 
       | And are these getting pulled from the store due to privacy
       | violations? I'd assume Google would be aware at this point?
        
       | araes wrote:
       | Parts I found relevant:                 - It was a clean state of
       | a somewhat old phone (iPhone 11, factory defaults + new apple id)
       | - A single (old) app was installed (Stack by KetchApp, 10-12
       | years old)       - Was sending out an update a second pretty much
       | instantly (5 kB - ~300 KB every second)       - Within a minute:
       | IP, Lat / Lon, country, phone model, carrier / network operator,
       | vendor, OS version, connection type (wifi), headphone status (?),
       | volume setting (?), screen brightness setting (?), battery status
       | (?), CPU count, system RAM, free RAM allocation, free hard drive
       | capacity, system boot time (?)
       | 
       | Might as well just screen grab the Task Manager equivalent and
       | hand it to them. Have better, quicker data about my own current
       | RAM allocation and free hard space than I do. It hands them when
       | the system booted for an ad? The headphone, volume, brightness,
       | and battery was just "what" kind of headshake about invasiveness.
       | Somebody'd hand wave they _need_ it (we _want_ it, we _want_ it).
       | They obviously don 't.
       | 
       | Edit: It's almost Remote Desktop, on an iPhone. Realtime (~1 Hz)
       | RAM / ROM allocation. Not sure how many Apple user even know how
       | to check their realtime RAM / ROM allocation. The free hard drive
       | space especially is just asking for botnet downloads.
       | 
       | Edit: Right, and ... disabling tracking doesn't mean anything
       | because numerous updates blatantly ignore the setting ("uc": "1",
       | // User consent for tracking = True;) and it's just a flag while
       | they still send your vendor specific customer identifier anyways.
       | 
       | Really interesting article, and great investigation, just
       | disturbing how much on an effectively clean phone.
        
         | mschuster91 wrote:
         | > The headphone, volume, brightness, and battery was just
         | "what" kind of headshake about invasiveness. Somebody'd hand
         | wave they need it (we want it, we want it). They obviously
         | don't.
         | 
         | Well the _why_ the ad industry wants it is clear:
         | fingerprinting and segmentation. Someone consistently low on
         | battery? Push them ads for powerbanks.
        
           | araes wrote:
           | This is actually part of what I find so wrong about this
           | entire idea.
           | 
           | With all this fine granularity, it seems like ads would be
           | incredibly relevant. Specifically about what you need with
           | something that might actually result in a click-through to
           | purchase a product. Especially if they get real-time updates
           | on my hard-drive status and battery state.
           | 
           | I don't remember the last time I got an ad that was actually
           | relevant. Pretty sure the last ad that was even clicked on
           | was one of those little windmills that swirls crazily, cause
           | it seemed like it might make a cool lawn ornament. Turned out
           | it was tiny. Years of online purchases, and they don't even
           | suggest stuff I want.
           | 
           | It just seems like an excuse.
        
             | mrguyorama wrote:
             | It is an excuse. Google doesn't choose ads for you, they
             | shoot out this bundle of info about you and just display
             | the highest bidder. That means whatever ads you see are
             | basically dominated by whoever overpaid the worst.
        
         | TheJoeMan wrote:
         | I dislike that as a developer, knowing something like the
         | headphone status could be useful for the functionality of the
         | app. But some other unscrupulous person is just exfiltrating
         | it! This is part of the reason I agree with Apple's stand
         | against apps with sub-apps/"desktop like" due to not fine-
         | grained enough permission settings. There is a significant
         | privacy downside to "superapps" and now Elon is pushing for the
         | X everything app.
        
           | wkat4242 wrote:
           | Yeah and if you ask for permission for every little thing
           | then users are going to get bombarded even when it's needed
           | for legit purposes. It's a difficult tradeoff to make, even
           | if you want to do the right thing (and I'm not really sure
           | that Apple and especially Google really do)
        
       | qingcharles wrote:
       | One big privacy issue is that there is no sane way to protect
       | your contact details from being sold, regardless of what you do.
       | 
       | As soon as your cousin clicks "Yes, I would like to share the
       | entire contents of my contacts with you" when they launch TikTok
       | your name, phone number, email etc are all in the crowd.
       | 
       | And I buy this stuff. Every time I need customer service and I'm
       | getting stonewalled I just go onto a marketplace, find an exec
       | and buy their details for pennies and call them up on their
       | cellphone. (this is usually successful, but can backfire badly --
       | CashApp terminated my account for this shenanigans)
        
         | hughesjj wrote:
         | > CashApp terminated my account for this shenanigans
         | 
         | Did you call to complain about the termination?
        
           | qingcharles wrote:
           | What's funny is that the exec I got on the phone was super
           | supportive and helpful and was genuinely amused to hear from
           | me and hear what was happening. He put me in touch with their
           | "Executive Support Team" and it was after this that I guess
           | someone realized they didn't like the route I had taken.
           | 
           | I feel somewhat vindicated after this announcement (though it
           | does nothing to bring my account back):
           | 
           | https://www.engadget.com/cybersecurity/cfpb-fines-
           | block-175m...
           | 
           | > Accessing any kind of customer service for Cash App was a
           | challenge, too, according to the CFPB. Block included a
           | customer service number on Cash App cards and in the app's
           | Terms of Service, but calling it would it ultimately lead
           | users to "a pre-recorded message directing consumers to
           | contact customer support through the app."
        
         | nehal3m wrote:
         | Assuming these marketplaces operate within the bounds of the
         | law, would it break HN's ToS to post them? I'd be interested in
         | pursuing the same strategy.
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | Most online forums ban "doxing" even if it's theoretically
           | legal.
        
             | nehal3m wrote:
             | Technically it's one step removed from doxxing, but I'll
             | take your point.
        
               | WillPostForFood wrote:
               | More than one step unless you planned to post it
               | publically. "I need a phone number, where can I get it"
               | is all good!
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | >One big privacy issue is that there is no sane way to protect
         | your contact details from being sold, regardless of what you
         | do.
         | 
         | >As soon as your cousin clicks "Yes, I would like to share the
         | entire contents of my contacts with you" when they launch
         | TikTok your name, phone number, email etc are all in the crowd.
         | 
         | Fortunately this is changing with iOS 18 with "limited
         | contacts" sharing.
         | 
         | https://mobiledevmemo.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/image.p...
         | 
         | The interface also seems specifically designed to push people
         | to allow only a subset of contacts, rather than blindly
         | clicking "allow all".
         | 
         | The far bigger issue is the contact info you share with online
         | retailers. Scraping contact info through apps is very visible,
         | drawing flak from the media and consumers. Most of the time all
         | you get is a name (could be a nickname), and maybe some
         | combination of phone/email/address, depending on how diligent
         | the person in filling out all the fields. On the other hand
         | placing any sort of order online requires you to provide your
         | full name, address, phone number, and email address. You can
         | also be reasonably certain that they're all accurate, because
         | they're plausibly required for delivery/billing purposes. Such
         | data can also be surreptitiously fed to data brokers behind the
         | scenes, without an obvious "tiktok would like access to your
         | contacts" modal.
        
           | create-username wrote:
           | People will share their whole list because it's simpler
        
             | taneq wrote:
             | Or because they were tricked. eg. LinkedIn's "Connect with
             | your contacts" onboarding step which sounds like it'll
             | check your contacts against existing LinkedIn users but
             | actually spam invites anyone on your contact list that
             | _doesn't_ have an account.
        
               | wkat4242 wrote:
               | Linkedin is so terribly evil these days.
               | 
               | I also see the shenanigans of adding new 'privacy'
               | settings and setting them open by default. Another
               | typical Microsoft ploy by the way.
        
               | noja wrote:
               | They were evil before.
               | 
               | Previously they'd take your LinkedIn password and try
               | using that to log in to your email account to grab your
               | contacts.
        
               | 55555 wrote:
               | This sounds absolutely insane.
        
               | dkga wrote:
               | This is a big thing, is there any evidence? Not
               | implausible unfortunately...
        
               | saagarjha wrote:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LinkedIn#Use_of_e-
               | mail_account...
        
               | Cthulhu_ wrote:
               | Wasn't this also how some services would connect e.g.
               | your bank accounts? They'd ask for your credentials and
               | log into your bank to scrape its contents.
               | 
               | And I kinda get it, some services external to your bank
               | can help you manage your finances etc. But it's why banks
               | should offer APIs where the user can set limited and
               | timed access to these services. In Europe this is PSD2
               | (Revised Payment Services Directive).
        
               | amanda99 wrote:
               | I think the key point is that they would take _your
               | Linkedin password_ and try to use that on your email
               | _without asking you_ , in case you reused passwords.
        
               | wkat4242 wrote:
               | Ok I didn't know that. Very good point. Wow.
        
               | Cthulhu_ wrote:
               | This is how a load of emails were sent out from my
               | Hotmail account to anyone I had ever contacted (including
               | random websites) asking if I want to connect with them to
               | Facebook. The onboarding seemed to imply it would just
               | check to see if any of my contacts were already using
               | facebook.
        
               | jorts wrote:
               | God damn this feature. About ten years ago I
               | inadvertently did something in LinkedIn and ended up
               | spamming everyone I knew with LinkedIn invites. It
               | annoyed a lot of people.
        
           | x0x0 wrote:
           | I think it's not properly appreciated that Apple fully
           | endorses all of this. For two reasons: (1) the provision of
           | the output of billions of dollars of developer time to their
           | users for no up front cost (made back via ads) is super
           | valuable to their platform; and (2) they uniquely could stop
           | this (at the price of devastating their app store), but
           | choose not to.
           | 
           | In light of that, perhaps reevaluate their ATT efforts as far
           | less about meaningful privacy and far more about stealing
           | $10B a year or so from Facebook.
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | >I think it's not properly appreciated that Apple fully
             | endorses all of this. [...] they uniquely could stop this
             | (at the price of devastating their app store), but choose
             | not to.
             | 
             | A perfectly privacy respecting app store isn't going to do
             | any good if it doesn't have any apps. Just look at f-droid.
             | Most (all?) of the apps there might be privacy respecting,
             | but good luck getting any of the popular apps (eg.
             | facebook, tiktok, google maps) on there.
             | 
             | >In light of that, perhaps reevaluate their ATT efforts as
             | far less about meaningful privacy and far more about
             | stealing $10B a year or so from Facebook.
             | 
             | What would make you think Apple's pro-privacy changes
             | aren't "about stealing $10B a year or so from Facebook"? At
             | least some people are willing to pay for more privacy, and
             | pro-changes hurts advertisers, so basically any pro-privacy
             | change can be construed as "less about meaningful privacy
             | and far more about stealing".
        
               | Aeolun wrote:
               | > good luck getting any of the popular apps (eg.
               | facebook, tiktok, google maps) on there
               | 
               | That makes sense, considering they're not privacy
               | respecting.
        
               | wkat4242 wrote:
               | F-Droid will never have popular apps because it requires
               | them to be open source. In fact F-Droid does the build
               | for you, generating reproducible builds and avoiding the
               | risk of adding trackers to the binary that aren't
               | actually in the source code. With F-Droid the code you
               | see is what you get.
        
               | inetknght wrote:
               | > _A perfectly privacy respecting app store isn 't going
               | to do any good if it doesn't have any apps._
               | 
               | 40 years ago apps were sold on floppy disks. 30 years ago
               | they were sold on CD-ROMs. 20 years ago, DVDs.
               | 
               | Online-only apps are a recent thing. A privacy respecting
               | app store certainly _can_ be a thing. Apps being blocked
               | or banned from stores for choosing to not respect your
               | privacy is a good thing.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >Online-only apps are a recent thing. A privacy
               | respecting app store certainly can be a thing.
               | 
               | I'm not sure you're trying say. I specifically
               | acknowledged the existence of f-droid as a "privacy
               | respecting app store" in the quoted comment.
               | 
               | >Apps choosing to not respect your privacy, and being
               | blocked or banned from stores, is a good thing.
               | 
               | "a good thing" doesn't mean much when most people haven't
               | even heard of your app store, and are missing out on all
               | the popular apps that people want. Idealism doesn't mean
               | much when nobody is using it. Apple might not be the
               | paragon of privacy, but they had a greater impact on user
               | privacy than f-droid ever will. To reiterate OP's point:
               | what's the point of having a perfectly private OS and app
               | store, when there's no apps for it, and your normie
               | friends/relatives are going to sell you out anyways by
               | uploading their entire contact list and photos (both with
               | you in it) to google and meta?
        
               | x0x0 wrote:
               | > _[Apple] had a greater impact on user privacy than
               | f-droid ever will._
               | 
               | Sorry, that's nonsensical, unless you mean a negative
               | impact. Apple's privacy is pretend only, as this article
               | makes quite clear.
        
               | otteromkram wrote:
               | Then there wouldn't be any free ones.
        
           | sneak wrote:
           | How about a no/limited internet setting? So many apps spy on
           | you and they don't need network at all to function.
        
             | coin wrote:
             | I would love an iOS setting that blocks all network access
             | for certain apps
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | Until the app's devs get wise to this, and do not allow the
             | app to function without the network access. It could be as
             | simple as a full screen, non-closable screen that says the
             | app requires network access with a button to the proper
             | setting to correct the issue.
        
               | wkat4242 wrote:
               | Yeah like the ChatGPT app that doesn't work without a
               | Google account. I have Google play on my phone, just no
               | account logged in. I do have Google play services like
               | firebase push which many apps legitimately need. But
               | ChatGPT just opens the login screen in the play store and
               | exits itself.
               | 
               | I'm always wondering why these idiots force the creation
               | of an account with their direct competitor. It's the only
               | app I have that does this. But anyway I don't use their
               | app for that reason, only use them a bit through API.
        
               | ryandrake wrote:
               | Such "go away" screens are in violation of Apple's
               | AppStore rules. You cannot make a permission a condition
               | of using the app, and stop the user from using it if they
               | don't grant that permission. The app should gracefully do
               | as much as it possibly can without the permission.
        
               | maeil wrote:
               | This holds for every app and every permission? Because
               | I'm quite sure I recently used an app that closed for not
               | allowing a permission. May be misremembering..
        
               | ryandrake wrote:
               | 5.1.1 (iv) Access: Apps must respect the user's
               | permission settings and not attempt to manipulate, trick,
               | or force people to consent to unnecessary data access.
               | For example, apps that include the ability to post photos
               | to a social network must not also require microphone
               | access before allowing the user to upload photos. Where
               | possible, provide alternative solutions for users who
               | don't grant consent. For example, if a user declines to
               | share Location, offer the ability to manually enter an
               | address.
               | 
               | https://developer.apple.com/app-store/review/guidelines/
               | 
               | This wording is actually a lot weaker than I remember it
               | back when I wrote iOS apps. The developer also was not
               | allowed to exit the app or close it against the user's
               | intent, however I can't find that rule anymore.
        
               | maeil wrote:
               | Yeah, "unnecessary" is the word that may as well render
               | the whole section moot unless it's actually properly
               | enforced. If I can remember I'll test it today and see
               | how it goes.
        
               | zzo38computer wrote:
               | I agree with these guidelines (although they could be
               | improved), although I think that some things could be
               | done by the implementation in the system, too.
               | 
               | > For example, if a user declines to share Location,
               | offer the ability to manually enter an address.
               | 
               | This is a reasonable ability, but I think that the
               | operating system should handle it anyways. When it asks
               | for permission for your location, in addition to "allow"
               | and "deny", you can select "manually enter location" and
               | "custom" (the "custom" option would allow the user to
               | specify their own program for handling access to that
               | specific permission (or to simulate error conditions such
               | as no signal); possibly the setting menu can have an
               | option for "show advanced options" before "custom" will
               | be displayed, if you think it would otherwise make it too
               | complicated).
               | 
               | > that include the ability to post photos to a social
               | network must not also require microphone access before
               | allowing the user to upload photos
               | 
               | This is reasonable, that apps should not be allowed to
               | require microphone access for such a thing.
               | 
               | However, sometimes a warning message makes sense but then
               | to allow it anyways even if permission is not granted;
               | e.g. for a video recording program, it might display a
               | message about "Warning: microphone permission is not
               | allowed for this app; if you proceed without enabling the
               | microphone permission, the audio will not be recorded."
               | Something similar would also apply if you denied camera
               | permission but allowed microphone permission; in that
               | case, only audio will be recorded. It might refuse to
               | work if both permissions are denied, though.
        
               | jjcob wrote:
               | Try signing in in any Google app without allowing data
               | sharing with Safari. It's not possible. They don't let
               | you.
               | 
               | It's kind of weird that Apple introduced this big fat
               | tracking consent popup, but they don't really do anything
               | to actually prevent cross-app tracking...
        
               | miki123211 wrote:
               | You can't do this, because some users are genuinely
               | offline sometimes.
        
             | eudhxhdhsb32 wrote:
             | GrapheneOS has that. It asks every time you install a new
             | app whether it should have network permissions.
        
             | hellojesus wrote:
             | Grapheneos lets you pick this for apps before they even
             | launch. You can revoke their network access, as well as
             | define storage scopes for apps at a folder level, so if an
             | app needs access to photos, you can define a folder, and
             | that is the only folder it can scan for photos.
             | 
             | I used that when submitting parental leave at work. I
             | didn't want to provide full access to all my photos and
             | files for work, so all they got was a folder with a pic of
             | a birth certificate.
        
               | miki123211 wrote:
               | iOS and Mac also let you do this, for photos, contacts
               | and files.
               | 
               | Apple is also pushing developers toward using native
               | picker components. That way, you don't need to request
               | consent at all, as you only get access to the specific
               | object that the user has picked using a secure system
               | component.
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | > That way, you don't need to request consent at all, as
               | you only get access to the specific object that the user
               | has picked using a secure system component.
               | 
               | This is an interesting contrast with the earlier
               | philosophy of phone OSes that the file system is
               | confusing to users and they should never be allowed to
               | see it.
        
               | miki123211 wrote:
               | They still (mostly) aren't.
               | 
               | From an user perspective, photos aren't files. Music
               | isn't files. Contacts aren't files. Apps aren't files.
               | App data isn't files.
               | 
               | The only things that "walk like a file and quack like a
               | file" are documents, downloads, contents of external
               | storage, network drives and cloud drives, and some
               | Airdrop transfers.
               | 
               | Yes, it's technically possible to use the files app to
               | store photos, music etc, but if you do that, "you're
               | holding it wrong."
        
               | matheusmoreira wrote:
               | A big problem with GrapheneOS is the fact it only
               | officially supports Google phones. Google is apparently
               | incapable of selling those things globally, limiting
               | availability.
               | 
               | There's also the fact hardware remote attestation is
               | creeping into the Android ecosystem. There's absolutely
               | no way to daily drive something like GrapheneOS if
               | essential services such as banks and messaging services
               | start discriminating against you on the basis of it. Aw
               | shucks looks like your phone has been tampered with so
               | we're just gonna deny you access to your account, try
               | again later on a corporation owned phone.
               | 
               | GrapheneOS is amazing from a security and privacy
               | perspective but it doesn't matter. The corporations will
               | not tolerate it because it works against their interests.
               | They will ban you from their services for using it.
               | Unlike Google and Apple, they have no leverage with which
               | to force the corporations to accept terms unfavorable to
               | them.
        
             | discostrings wrote:
             | Fully denying internet access for an app is actually in iOS
             | and has been there for many years.
             | 
             | But it's only available in China.
             | 
             | https://tinyapps.org/blog/202209100700_ios_disable_wifi_per
             | _...
        
             | n_plus_1_acc wrote:
             | Android can do this
        
           | ActorNightly wrote:
           | >Fortunately this is changing with iOS 18 with "limited
           | contacts" sharing.
           | 
           | Its not. Apple still owns your stuff. There is no difference
           | between Apple and other 3p retailers. Apple just wants more
           | of your money.
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | >Its not. Apple still owns your stuff. There is no
             | difference between Apple and other 3p retailers.
             | 
             | That could be taken to mean anywhere between "Apple
             | controls the software on your iPhone, therefore they
             | control your contacts" and "Apple gives out your data like
             | the data brokers mentioned in the OP". The former wouldn't
             | be surprising at all, and most people would be happy with,
             | and the latter would be scandalous if proven. What
             | specifically are you arguing for?
        
               | ActorNightly wrote:
               | Why do you inherently trust Apple?
               | 
               | Remember, the big celebrity photo leak happened because
               | of a vulnerability within Apple Software.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | The "vulnerability" part doesn't seem to be
               | substantiated. From wikipedia:
               | 
               | >The images were initially believed to have been obtained
               | via a breach of Apple's cloud services suite
               | iCloud,[1][2] or a security issue in the iCloud API which
               | allowed them to make unlimited attempts at guessing
               | victims' passwords.[3][4] Apple claimed in a press
               | release that access was gained via spear phishing
               | attacks.[5][6]
               | 
               | Regardless of their security practices, it's a stretch to
               | equate getting hacked with knowingly making available
               | data. Moreover you can opt out of icloud backup, unlike
               | with whatever is happening with apps mentioned in the OP.
        
               | zxvkhkxvdvbdxz wrote:
               | And why do you assume bad faith without any proof of foul
               | play?
        
           | jcul wrote:
           | On android you can choose whether to grant access to
           | contacts. And most apps work fine without.
           | 
           | GrapheneOS, which I use, also has contact scopes, so
           | troublesome apps that refuse to work without access will
           | think they have full access. You can allow them to see no
           | contacts or a small subset.
           | 
           | There's also multiple user profiles, a "private space", and a
           | work profile (shelter) that you can install an app into,
           | which can be completely isolated from your main profile, so
           | no contacts.
           | 
           | It surprises me how far behind iOS is with this stuff.
           | Recently I wanted to install a second instance of an app on
           | my wife's iPhone so she could use multiple logins
           | simultaneously, there didn't really seem to be a way to do
           | it.
        
             | loxs wrote:
             | The point is that it doesn't matter whether YOU grant
             | access to your contacts. As long as anyone who has you in
             | THEIR contacts decides to just press "share contacts" with
             | any app, you are doxxed and SkyNet is able to identify you
             | for all practical purposes.
        
               | zxvkhkxvdvbdxz wrote:
               | Same with DNA testing really.
               | 
               | A relative did a genealogy test through ancestry.com and
               | suddenly I'm doxed for all eternity.
        
               | jcul wrote:
               | Ah yes, that is a problem.
        
           | pojzon wrote:
           | Interesting thing is that security practices mention that you
           | should always grant the minimal set of permissions.
           | 
           | So in case Apple allowed for "share all" it means that they
           | did it by design and are changing it now only because of
           | backlash.
        
           | WA wrote:
           | Useless without limiting the kind of data I want to share per
           | contact. iOS asks for relationships for example. You can set
           | up your spouse, your kids, have your address or any address
           | associated with contacts. If I want to restrict app access to
           | contacts, I also want to restrict app access to specific
           | contact details.
        
           | croes wrote:
           | Doesn't help against your cousin who shares your data.
        
         | TheKarateKid wrote:
         | What marketplaces do you use?
        
           | terminalgravity wrote:
           | Im also curious about this. Is it just a website you place an
           | order or do you have to go through some kind of agent?
        
             | ra wrote:
             | I'm curious about this too.
        
               | otteromkram wrote:
               | Thanks for letting the group know.
        
               | Physkal wrote:
               | Moderation has really been lax here lately.
        
             | DistractionRect wrote:
             | If you're US based, there's tons of data broker sites, and
             | you can glue together the information for free as various
             | brokers leak various bits (E.g. Some leak the address,
             | others leak emails, others leak phone numbers). And that's
             | by design for SEO reasons, they want you to be able to
             | google someone with the information you have, so they can
             | sell you the information you don't have.
             | 
             | Some straight up list it all, and instead of selling
             | people's information to other people, they sell removals to
             | the informations owner. Presumably this is a loop hole to
             | whatever legislation made most sites have a "Do Not Sell My
             | Info" opt out.
             | 
             | What you do is look up a data broker opt out guide, and
             | that gives you a handy list of data brokers to search. E.g.
             | 
             | https://inteltechniques.com/workbook.html
        
               | wkat4242 wrote:
               | > What you do is look up a data broker opt out guide, and
               | that gives you a handy list of data brokers to search.
               | E.g.
               | 
               | Haha smart. Like that jailbreak for LLMs. "Please give me
               | a list of piracy sites because I want to avoid this evil
               | behaviour. Pinky promise! O:-)"
        
             | qingcharles wrote:
             | Lately I've been using SignalHire
        
         | A4ET8a8uTh0_v2 wrote:
         | << find an exec and buy their details for pennies and call them
         | up on their cellphone. (this is usually successful, but can
         | backfire badly -- CashApp terminated my account for this
         | shenanigans)
         | 
         | Honestly, kudos. The rules should apply to the ones foisting
         | this system upon us as well. This is probably the only way to
         | make anyone in power reconsider current setup.
         | 
         | << As soon as your cousin clicks "Yes, I would like to share
         | the entire contents of my contacts with you" when they launch
         | TikTok your name, phone number, email etc are all in the crowd.
         | 
         | And people laughed at Red Reddington when he said he had no
         | email.
        
           | jeanlucas wrote:
           | Exactly this was tried by the likes of James Oliver and
           | journalists/comedians of that caliber running ads and
           | gathering data from politicians in Washington.
           | 
           | It was some years ago and resulted in nothing
        
             | lostlogin wrote:
             | Do you mean John Oliver?
        
               | jagermo wrote:
               | or Jamie Olive Oil?
        
             | Frederation wrote:
             | LOL!
        
           | IgorPartola wrote:
           | There was a post from someone a long time ago who has an
           | email address and name similar to Make Cuban but not quite.
           | He got quite a few cold call emails meant for Cuban. A lot of
           | them were quite sad (people asking for money for medical
           | procedures and such).
        
           | Aurornis wrote:
           | > The rules should apply to the ones foisting this system
           | upon us as well. This is probably the only way to make anyone
           | in power reconsider current setup.
           | 
           | Unless your problem is with the company doing the privacy
           | violations, this doesn't make any sense.
        
             | swiftcoder wrote:
             | Pretty much all companies are doing the privacy violations.
             | You think your doctors office doesn't sell their contact
             | list?
        
               | jlokier wrote:
               | Where I live, which is not in the USA, I'm confident my
               | doctor's office doesn't sell their contact list - or at
               | least, not without statistical anonymisation and
               | aggregation for research purposes.
               | 
               | They probably outsource processing the data and storing
               | it to other entities, but that will be under contracts
               | which govern how the data may be used and handled. I
               | assume that's not what "sell the data" means in this
               | conversation.
               | 
               | It would be such an egregious violation of local data
               | protection law to sell patient personal details for
               | unrestricted commercial use, including their contact
               | info, and it would make the political news where I live
               | if they were found out.
        
               | nottorp wrote:
               | Also "not in the USA" i actually work on a medical ish
               | application these days (not the in production version,
               | mind but a fork with new features that's entirely
               | separate at the moment).
               | 
               | I have access to ... zero patient data. Our entire test
               | database is synthetic records.
        
               | dbspin wrote:
               | In my country (and I suspect most Western Countries) my
               | doctor would lose his medical licence for selling my
               | contact information.
        
               | brookst wrote:
               | Your poor oppressed doctor! And I'll bet they rarely even
               | get to treat bullet wounds. It's different here in the
               | Land of the Free (tm).
        
               | jajko wrote:
               | Nah its called normal society, ie Switzerland here is the
               | same the benefits of doing so would be absolutely
               | minimal, punishments severe.
               | 
               | Plus its highly amoral and doctors here are still coming
               | from idealistic breed that wanted to help people, those 2
               | are practically exclusive.
        
               | megous wrote:
               | This normal in your society?
               | https://electronicintifada.net/content/switzerland-
               | deports-e...
               | 
               | Interesting thought policing you have in there.
        
               | mapt wrote:
               | HIPAA is pretty much the only halfway effective privacy
               | regulation the US has. It imposes strong regulatory,
               | licensure, and even criminal censure for violations.
               | 
               | It's formulated so that they can give those contacts away
               | rather than sell them, but only to the rest of the
               | medical goods & services supplychain that are involved in
               | your care, who are also bound by HIPAA.
               | 
               | The worst dark pattern this has generated so far seems to
               | be pharmaceutical company drug reps bribing your doctor
               | to change what they would prescribe you.
               | 
               | The worst that's likely to happen without regulation, as
               | far as I can tell, involves an associated provider just
               | leaking UnitedHealthcare's full database of every patient
               | and every condition.
        
           | ajcp wrote:
           | It's odd that of the two replies referencing people, both got
           | their names obviously wrong. Is that a new phishing tactic?
        
             | otteromkram wrote:
             | New AI tactic.
        
               | 0_____0 wrote:
               | salting the fields are we? total informational warfare,
               | the digital equivalent of Sherburne's March to the sea
               | during the American Civil War.
        
             | notduncansmith wrote:
             | Russian bot tactic? Guessing it's an easy way to farm
             | interaction as people comment back to correct the mistake.
        
               | pphysch wrote:
               | An innocent coincidence, by two established users that
               | link their contact info in their profile. It must be the
               | Russians!
               | 
               | It's genuinely sad that this level of Cold War paranoia
               | has been normalized again.
        
             | cutemonster wrote:
             | Which are those comments? Aha, "Make Cuban" is one such
             | comment and Mr Oliver someone
        
           | stavros wrote:
           | Where do you buy their details from?
        
             | qingcharles wrote:
             | Right now, my goto is signalhire
        
               | stavros wrote:
               | Thank you, though I have a feeling that they get their
               | data from their own sign up form.
        
               | mathgeek wrote:
               | This is to be expected as a source of their data, no?
        
               | stavros wrote:
               | Yeah, it would be, it's just a bit ironic.
        
               | DoctorOetker wrote:
               | As we all know some of the "consent" pop-ups have a first
               | page of general settings, and then a "vendors" page to
               | further deselect all the "legitimate interests".
               | 
               | I recently noticed that a fraction of the "vendors" allow
               | deselecting the "legitimate interest" but have the
               | "consent" tick box marked and unmodifiable.
               | 
               | Consider the following page:
               | 
               | https://www.brighthub.com/environment/renewable-
               | energy/artic...
               | 
               | The following vendors have un-deselectable "consent"
               | tickboxes:                  Skimbit Ltd         Confiant
               | Inc.         Lumen Research Limited         Visarity
               | Technologies GmbH        DoubleVerify Inc.
               | Revcontent, LLC         Adssets AB         Integral Ad
               | Science (incorporating ADmantX)         Mirando GmbH
               | &amp; Co KG         Polar Mobile Group Inc.
               | Rockabox Media Ltd         Telecoming S.A.
               | Seenthis AB         HUMAN         Papirfly AS
               | NEXD         One Tech Group GmbH         illuma
               | technology limited         CHEQ AI TECHNOLOGIES
               | Adjust Digital A/S        VRTCAL Markets Inc
               | Cavai AS         Kiosked Ltd         Protected Media LTD
               | Oracle Data Cloud - Moat         Bannernow, Inc.
               | Jetpack Digital LLC         GeoEdge        Ensighten
               | IVO Media Ltd         Online Media Solutions LTD
               | Mobkoi Ltd         Redbranch, Inc dba Fraudlogix
               | Alphalyr SAS         Silverbullet Data Services Group
               | Stream Eye OOD         adbalancer Werbeagentur GmbH
               | Somplo Ltd         Velocity Made Good LLC         Vyde
               | Ltd.         Adelaide Metrics Inc         Sqreem
               | Technologies Private Limited         TMT Digital Inc
               | dpa-infocom GmbH         Brandhouse/Subsero A/S
               | streaMonkey GmbH         Alkimi         Zeit Agency ApS
               | Sitewit, Corp         AccountInsight Ltd         Aderize,
               | Inc.         fraud0 GmbH         Channel99, Inc.
               | Videobot Ltd         Appstock LTD.         Dando online
               | LTD         EMBRACE Systems GmbH         Hiili SL
               | YIELDBIRD SP. Z O.O.         Volentio JSD Limited
               | BEAPUP SOLUTIONS LTD         Public Good Software Inc.
               | Kidoz Inc.         DataDome SA         Sarigato Sp. z
               | o.o.         Gesher Software LTD dba bridgeupp
               | Playdigo Inc         Sipo Inc         EliteAppgrade
               | SpinX Pte Ltd         Creatopy INC         Codevelop
               | Technologies GmbH         Adgrid Media, LLC
               | ProgrammaticX LTD         Nitrouppi LTD         9 Dots
               | Media Ltd         Vudoo Pty Ltd         Mobavenue Media
               | Pvt Ltd         Carbonatix LTD
               | 
               | 1) What is up with these?
               | 
               | 2) Are these even legal under GDPR rules?
               | 
               | 3) Does this not nullify arguments by certain 3 letter
               | agencies that users "consent" to their tracking?
               | 
               | 4) Who is behind these companies? Any idea on how to
               | approach this from an investigative journalism angle? Can
               | we figure out the headquarters, employee counts, CEO's of
               | these companies?
               | 
               | 5) If "undeselectable consent tickboxes" qualify as
               | legally valid consent, doesn't this set a precedent to
               | foist off miryads of types of lack of consent as
               | "consent"? Will this enable legalizing rape? Where does
               | this Pandora's box end? How is this any different from:
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0fQsrwBi2Jo
               | 
               | 6) As far as I understand, an illegal contract is void.
               | If the forms submitted by users contained undeselectable
               | "consent tickboxes"; then the forms no longer constitute
               | legal contracts. Observe that this is regardless of the
               | preferences of all the other tickboxes: even if users
               | were to lazy to deselect all the deselectable tickboxes,
               | the mere presence of deselectable tickboxes voids these
               | forms as contracts. This means that all the other vendors
               | didn't receive any consent, since their specific
               | submitted form-as-a-contract is void, even if the
               | majority of the vendors had consent tickboxes that could
               | be deselected. It would seem prudent for such companies
               | to insist that the forms don't contain undeselectable
               | tickboxes for any companies since it would nullify the
               | consent they hope to receive.
        
         | vlan0 wrote:
         | Actually this could prove very useful for a resistance
         | movement. Take them down with with their own medicine.
        
           | josephg wrote:
           | Yeah, I wonder if it might help to create a little newsletter
           | for politicians and regulators. Send emails telling them
           | exactly where they are, what apps they use, and so on. And
           | send them the same information about their children.
        
             | codazoda wrote:
             | I'm relatively sure they would bring the hammer down on the
             | sender.
        
               | whatshisface wrote:
               | What hammer? It's legal, that's the problem.
        
               | Aurornis wrote:
               | Getting access to someone's contact info legally doesn't
               | mean you can do whatever you want.
               | 
               | This would very easily be covered under harassment laws,
               | which are a separate matter.
        
               | hnisoss wrote:
               | Doesn't mean you won't get hammered my friend.
        
               | mathieuh wrote:
               | To use a line sometimes attributed to Beria, "give me the
               | man and I will give you the case against him". By which I
               | mean that I'm sure they will find some means of making
               | you sorry.
        
             | ericjmorey wrote:
             | They would make adjustments so that their details are
             | protected, but the regular user is not.
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | Eh, California protects politicians from having their
               | real estate holdings posted online by government, and
               | afaik, most county recorders have decided it's easier to
               | not let any of it be online than to figure out who is a
               | politician and only restrict their information.
               | 
               | Of course, much of it is public information so businesses
               | can go in person, get all the info and then list it.
        
               | triceratops wrote:
               | Run for city council or the school board. Boom, now
               | you're a "politician".
        
         | amelius wrote:
         | I'm not familiar with these marketplaces. Could you name a few
         | examples?
        
           | qingcharles wrote:
           | I'm using SignalHire most of the time recently
        
         | XorNot wrote:
         | The thing is...contact details aren't really private
         | information, basically by definition.
         | 
         | The distinction is contact details privacy is based on the
         | desire not be interrupted by people you didn't agree to be
         | interrupted by - i.e. it's a spam problem - and realistically
         | to solve this requires a total revamp of our communications
         | systems (long overdue).
         | 
         | The basic level of this would be forcing businesses to
         | positively identify themselves to contact people - i.e. we need
         | TLS certificates on voice calls, tied to government issued
         | business identifiers. That would have the highest immediate
         | impact, because we could retrain people not to talk to anyone
         | claiming to be a business if there phone doesn't show a
         | certificate - we already teach this for email, so the skill is
         | becoming more widespread.
         | 
         | A more advanced version of this might be to get rid of the
         | notion of fixed phone numbers entirely: i.e. sharing contacts
         | is now just a cryptographic key exchange where I sign their
         | public certificate which the cellphone infrastructure validates
         | to agree to route a call to my device from their device (with
         | some provisioning for chain of trust so a corporate entity can
         | sign legally recognized bodies, but not say, transfer details
         | around).
         | 
         | This would solve a pile of problems, including just business
         | decommissioning - i.e. once a company shuts down, even if you
         | scraped their database you wouldn't be able to use any of the
         | contact information unless you had the hardware call
         | origination gear + the telecom company still recognized the
         | key.
         | 
         | Add an escrow system on top of this so "phone numbers" can
         | still work - i.e. you can get a random number to give to people
         | that will do a "trust on first use" thing, or "trust till
         | revoked" thing (i.e. no one needs to give a fake number
         | anymore, convention would be they're _all_ fake numbers, but
         | blocking the number would also not actually block anyone you
         | still want to talk to).
         | 
         | EDIT: I've sort of inverted the technical vs practical details
         | here I realize - i.e. if I were implementing this, the public
         | marketing campaign would be "you can have as many phone numbers
         | as you want" but your friends don't have to update if you
         | change it. The UI ideally would be "block this contact and
         | revoke this number?" on a phone which would be nice and
         | unambiguous - possibly with a "send a new number to your
         | friends?" option (in fact this could be 150 new numbers, one
         | per friend since under the hood it would all be public key
         | cryptography). I think people would understand this.
        
           | gog wrote:
           | What definition of contact details makes them not private?
           | 
           | Contact details (your phone number, email or address) are
           | definitively private information, you should be the one that
           | decides who gets them and who doesn't.
        
             | XorNot wrote:
             | Literally explained in the second paragraph there.
             | 
             | You can't have private information which is meant to also
             | be shared widely. It is the distinction between Access and
             | Authorization.
        
               | gog wrote:
               | But it's not meant to be shared widely, for most people
               | it's meant to be shared with consideration and/or
               | permission.
               | 
               | Also, it's not just about "a desire not be interrupted by
               | people you didn't agree to be interrupted by", it's about
               | not having the data in the first place, for any reason,
               | including tracking of any sorts.
        
               | Brybry wrote:
               | Pre-internet/cell phone nearly everyone had their
               | name/phone number/address in phone books. Libraries had
               | tons of phone books. And you could pay for the operator
               | to find/connect you to people as well.
               | 
               | Contact info being private is a relatively recent
               | concept.
        
               | mixmastamyk wrote:
               | Thread is discussing business contact details.
        
               | asdf6969 wrote:
               | Give me your personal phone number
        
           | the_pwner224 wrote:
           | Check out Simplex chat. I just read about it from this HN
           | submission yesterday:
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42904966
        
         | liontwist wrote:
         | > find an exec and buy their details for pennies and call them
         | up on their cellphone
         | 
         | There is a vendor for this very thing in relation to business
         | and government position called "zoominfo"
        
         | tcoff91 wrote:
         | Could you please tell me how to buy this stuff? This sounds
         | like a great way to get customer service when normal channels
         | fail.
        
         | Atotalnoob wrote:
         | What kind of marketplace do you use?
        
         | Aurornis wrote:
         | > (this is usually successful, but can backfire badly --
         | CashApp terminated my account for this shenanigans)
         | 
         | When I was at a medium-sized consumer-facing company whose name
         | you'd recognize if you're in the tech space (intentionally
         | vague) we had some customers try this. They'd find product
         | managers or directors on LinkedIn then start trying to contact
         | them with phone numbers found on the internet, personal email
         | addresses, or even doing things like finding photos their
         | family members posted and complaining the comments.
         | 
         | We had to start warning them not to do it again, then following
         | up with more drastic actions on the second violation. I
         | remember several cases where we had to get corporate counsel
         | involved right away and there was talk of getting law
         | enforcement involved because some people thought implied
         | threats would get them what they wanted.
         | 
         | So I can see why companies are quick to lock out customers who
         | try these games.
        
           | opello wrote:
           | I realize why this is bad. Full stop.
           | 
           | I wonder if it ever evoked an dive into exactly what happened
           | to leave these customers with thinking this was the most
           | likely avenue for success? Hopefully in at least some cases
           | their calls with CSRs were reviewed and in the most
           | optimistic of best cases additional training or policies were
           | put into place to avoid the hopelessness that evokes such
           | drastic actions.
        
             | KennyBlanken wrote:
             | That would require empathy from someone who is, right now,
             | bragging about how they sicced their lawyers and the cops
             | on customers they were fucking over.
             | 
             | I'm going to guess that the answer would be "nope, didn't
             | care." That Cirrus isn't going to pay for itself,
             | friend...and you can't retire at 40 without breaking a few
             | eggs.
             | 
             | I remember when Google was locking accounts because people
             | had the audacity to issue a chargeback after spending
             | _hours_ trying to resolve Google not delivering a working,
             | undamaged phone they 'd paid well over half a grand for.
             | Nobody at Google cared, but when the money (that Google
             | never fucking deserved in the first place) was forcibly and
             | legally taken back, the corporation acted with narcissistic
             | rage...
        
           | maeil wrote:
           | > So I can see why companies are quick to lock out customers
           | who try these games.
           | 
           | Most of the companies who customers try these "games" against
           | are places like Google and Meta that literally do not provide
           | a way for the average customer to reach a human. None.
           | 
           | Those have got it coming for them, the megacorps' stance on
           | this is despicable and far worse than the customers directly
           | reaching execs who could instantly change this but don't
           | because it would cut into their _$72 billion per year net
           | profit_.
           | 
           | This is a case where laws simply did not catch up to the
           | digital era. In the brick and mortar era it was by definition
           | possible to reach humans.
           | 
           | I get that your company was smaller and probably did allow
           | for a way to reach a human but that's not generalizable.
        
             | ajcp wrote:
             | > but that's not generalizable.
             | 
             | You only referenced two companies...
        
               | maeil wrote:
               | Two companies that are so gigantic they combine to a
               | great percentage of number of "company interactions" the
               | average Westerner has on a daily basis.
               | 
               | Anyway, I don't think it contradicts my point? Your
               | company exist, mom and pops exist and there's a whole
               | spectrum between them, so it's not generalizable.
        
               | otteromkram wrote:
               | EBay, Amazon, Walmart, CVS, etc.
               | 
               | Name a major company, then try to contact customer
               | service _and_ interact with an actual human.
               | 
               | Even if they do have a contact phone number, good luck
               | navigating the mazes of voice prompts.
               | 
               | Amazon isn't actually so bad about this, but I couldn't
               | tell you if their CSR chat bot is an actual person or
               | mid-level AI by now.
        
               | bruce511 wrote:
               | My only connection to Amazon support has been for AWS.
               | 
               | Perhaps though this should be an example of good customer
               | service where talking to a human is easy, and not lumped
               | in with the likes of Google where its impossible.
               | 
               | Perhaps your experience with the online shop is
               | different, but frankly they're in my "good" column, not
               | my "bad" column.
        
               | cauefcr wrote:
               | AWS was, indeed, very easy to reach when i did an oopsie
               | and spent over my desired limit.
        
               | tclancy wrote:
               | This is not like for like: AWS assigns reps because the
               | dollar amounts are significant compared to your monthly
               | cell phone bill or a purchase at Amazon. It's not
               | surprising that buying a car gets you better customer
               | service than renting one.
        
               | KennyBlanken wrote:
               | The challenge isn't getting customer service. It's
               | getting someone who isn't reading from a decision tree
               | that conveniently doesn't include any paths where the
               | corporation has fucked up.
        
             | rixed wrote:
             | Regarding the evolution of the law:
             | 
             | Long ago when Google tried to launch its very first phone
             | somewhere in Europe I can distinctly remember that it was
             | initially not allowed to because of some regulation that
             | mandated a company selling telephones to have a customer
             | service.
             | 
             | Can't remember if they eventually found a loophole or if
             | the regulations were changed.
        
           | balderdash wrote:
           | Honestly not condoning people crossing the line of
           | threats/abusive behavior, but it sounds like you worked at
           | one of those companies that make it impossible to get ahold
           | of someone, don't respond to customers, or other poor
           | customer service issues, and then are surprised people resort
           | to this
        
         | _heimdall wrote:
         | It is possible to just not use a phone number.
         | 
         | I mostly connect through Signal. I do technically have a phone
         | number that my close friends and family have, but its a random
         | VoIP number that I usually change every year or so.
         | Surprisingly no one has really cared, I send out a text that I
         | got a new number and that's that.
        
           | ironmagma wrote:
           | How? Most of the services I use, from Walgreens to banks to
           | retirement accounts, require a phone number either for 2FA or
           | just to verify that you're you when signing up. After
           | changing my phone number this year and having to go through
           | the rigamarole for each service, I decided never again.
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | Yeah, companies are not dumb, and they know when you have
             | VoIP number vs a full account with an "accepted" company.
             | 
             | I can kind of see why not allowing 2FA to a number that
             | could be easier to loose, but that's weak argument. Of
             | course they don't want someone from .ru to get a US number
             | with all of the baggage that would entail
        
               | ironmagma wrote:
               | There are flaws to their methodology. For half the
               | companies, to change your number from A to B, you first
               | must verify a NONCE with A, then verify a NONCE with B.
               | This just means you have to possess two phone numbers for
               | a period of time -- Weeks, or in reality, months -- while
               | you change the long list of services over to the new
               | phone number.
               | 
               | There is a simpler/better way and that is to verify you
               | have your email address before allowing you to do a NONCE
               | with B.
        
             | vladxyz wrote:
             | I've had limited luck feigning ignorance with a bank
             | recently. "I don't know why I'm not getting a code" "No, I
             | don't have another phone number" "I still can't log in to
             | the web portal". They dropped the phone number requirement
             | in favor to sending the OTP to email in the end, but it
             | took way more effort than is reasonable. I tend to include
             | a request to the CS person to pass along a request for
             | TOTP/authenticator apps but given the request for a phone
             | number is likely intentional I doubt the feedback is
             | getting too far. In my naive mind, if enough people do the
             | same, maybe they'll get the message.
        
             | _heimdall wrote:
             | I have a few services that require a phone number for 2FA,
             | maybe 5 or 6?
             | 
             | I just change those when I get a new number, its usually
             | just a matter of getting a text confirmation code from them
             | to verify the new number.
             | 
             | I change passwords every year or two. That's really a pain,
             | at this point its somewhere around 30 or so accounts I have
             | to go through and update.
        
             | casenmgreen wrote:
             | _Never_ give a phone number to _anyone_.
             | 
             | Phone number is _the_ gold standard identifying for third
             | party data collation services.
             | 
             | This is why so many companies demand it.
             | 
             | One solution is a burner phone and burner SIM, for SMS
             | only.
        
         | TechDebtDevin wrote:
         | I can relatively easily skip trace people but where are you
         | buying specific peoples information? Do you mean youre skip
         | tracing or buying directly from data brokers?
        
         | wkat4242 wrote:
         | And the combination of contacts are also unique enough to
         | identify you. Even though they change over time. Some fuzzy
         | matching, take in another few bits of fingerprint like device
         | type and country and voila no advertiser ID required.
         | 
         | Ps smart idea to use it for that purpose. If I failed to get
         | proper service I'd just review bomb the company everywhere and
         | soon enough I'd get a call fixing my problem and asking to
         | remove them :)
        
         | miki123211 wrote:
         | > And I buy this stuff. Every time I need customer service and
         | I'm getting stonewalled I just go onto a marketplace, find an
         | exec and buy their details for pennies
         | 
         | The article author claims that you can't get this stuff for
         | under $10k. Where do you find it for pennies?
        
           | habosa wrote:
           | Try cold outreach software like Apollo.io
           | 
           | As a test I downloaded it and got my wife's full email and
           | cell phone number easily from their free trial. And the full
           | price would be on the order of pennies per contact.
        
           | qingcharles wrote:
           | Right now I use SignalHire most of the time
        
         | _pktm_ wrote:
         | Thanks for sharing this approach. I gotta say that I'd love to
         | hear more about how/where you are buying this data, and the
         | CashApp story too.
        
         | ErigmolCt wrote:
         | So your data is only as private as the least privacy-conscious
         | person in your social circle.
        
         | speleding wrote:
         | As a result of sales drones getting hold of my number, I have
         | to put my phone on silent and never pick up unless I recognize
         | the number. Very unfortunate. What if there is an emergency
         | with my kids?
        
           | emsixteen wrote:
           | If you're using iOS you can set certain contacts to bypass
           | silent mode so that you still hear their notifications/calls.
           | I know it doesn't help with unknown numbers, but just saying
           | in case you're not aware. I'd be surprised if you can't do
           | the same on Android.
        
             | adr1an wrote:
             | You can. There's DND mode and Favorite contacts. I use
             | auto-DND scheduling option too.
        
             | speleding wrote:
             | Yes, thanks, I've configured that for kids and other loved
             | ones. But I can't pick up anything else, even sales people
             | from India manage to use a number that appears local (in
             | The Netherlands for me), so I might miss a call from the
             | kid's school.
        
               | bluehatbrit wrote:
               | I've just added the numbers of my kids school onto the
               | list and it's been fine for me. I've never had them
               | contact me from anything other than the schools number,
               | but I'm in the UK and I would be very surprised if a
               | teacher tried to call me from their mobile phone or
               | something.
        
               | Vinnl wrote:
               | Oh wow, I knew this was a rampant problem in the US, but
               | I didn't realise we had that at that scale here in the
               | Netherlands as well. Hoping I can dodge the bullet a
               | little longer...
        
             | WrongAssumption wrote:
             | The emergency call may not be coming from their phone.
        
           | MetaWhirledPeas wrote:
           | > What if there is an emergency with my kids?
           | 
           | Hopefully rather than just stupidly giving up, they'll send
           | an accompanying text message.
        
         | laserbeam wrote:
         | >> And I buy this stuff. Every time I need customer service and
         | I'm getting stonewalled I just go onto a marketplace, find an
         | exec and buy their details for pennies and call them up on
         | their cellphone.
         | 
         | I find it funny how easy it is to find scammy websites which
         | promise to remove your data (right...), but how hard it is to
         | find the actual marketplaces where people trade this data. It
         | also makes you think about what other systems have similar
         | asymmetric interfaces for the public and the ones in the know
         | (yes, I know there are plenty).
        
         | adulion wrote:
         | I have done this as well. I once got an travel insurance claim
         | rejected by some outsourced handler and found out who the CEO
         | of the insurance startup was. I emailed him and magically it
         | got resolved
        
         | casenmgreen wrote:
         | I stopped keeping a mobile number many years ago.
         | 
         | Phone is wifi only.
         | 
         | In particular, I do _not_ use the contacts functionality built
         | into the phone.
         | 
         | (This is /e/OS, which helps, but I'll be moving to Mobian as
         | soon as it is viable.)
        
           | skrebbel wrote:
           | What do you do when the car repairman wants to call/text you
           | when the car is finished? Or any other similar situations?
        
             | gausswho wrote:
             | I use VOIP numbers for that. One per business.
        
             | casenmgreen wrote:
             | No car.
             | 
             | But in general, email.
             | 
             | I can make calls from my phone/laptop, using VOIP.
             | 
             | I could receive as well if I wanted to, but I rarely need
             | to be called, so I do not normally keep a number, and I
             | could not be called when out and about anyway, because
             | wifi-only, but you do get an answerphone, so people can
             | leave a message.
        
           | secondcoming wrote:
           | How do you do online banking?
        
             | gausswho wrote:
             | Given the rampant privacy abuse on phones, I use a laptop.
        
             | casenmgreen wrote:
             | Laptop, running over Tor.
             | 
             | I use cash for all physical payments; never the card. I use
             | the card to withdraw cash, once a month.
             | 
             | I very rarely buy on-line, because I stopped using Amazon
             | (treatment of warehouse staff) and buying off of Amazon is
             | hell on toast.
        
           | oldherl wrote:
           | You are very lucky. In China, virtually all websites are
           | required by law to use your phone number (verified by SMS) to
           | register and/or to use. And all numbers must be linked to
           | your ID.
        
         | ebri wrote:
         | How do you do this? This is genius
        
         | dheera wrote:
         | I just block all unscheduled calls and calls from unknown
         | numbers. If there isn't a calendar event and it isn't coming
         | from a known family member or close friend, the call doesn't go
         | through.
         | 
         | I also have multiple cell and virtual numbers and give
         | different ones out to businesses, banks, friends, and family.
         | Businesses that don't need to ship me stuff also get a
         | different address than ones that do.
         | 
         | I don't register to vote anymore because they leak my
         | residential info. When they can agree to stop leaking it, I
         | will participate again.
        
         | leoqa wrote:
         | You may be committing some type of violation of privacy laws if
         | you're contacting them via phone and they're on the do not call
         | list. Because they work at a company does not mean that you and
         | the employee have a business relationship.
        
           | stronglikedan wrote:
           | you can call anyone for any reason if you aren't doing it for
           | your own business
        
           | cooper_ganglia wrote:
           | I'll call anyone I please, thank you very much!
        
           | triceratops wrote:
           | Don't do not call laws apply to marketing companies? OP isn't
           | marketing or selling anything.
        
         | matheusmoreira wrote:
         | > CashApp terminated my account for this shenanigans
         | 
         | The audacity of these people. They probably do far worse things
         | to their customers on a daily basis.
        
         | youcouldalways wrote:
         | Changing your number every year could mitigate as it would
         | introduce entropy and stale data into the system. When done at
         | scale, data lifetime would behave similar to the automatic
         | deletion of messages on whatsapp. Somewhat mimicking an in
         | person verbal conversation where only people's memories
         | remember what was said and even their version gets changed
         | every time memory recall takes place. Systems already exist in
         | real life that protect privacy, it's just that we do a poor job
         | of reproducing them with tech.
         | 
         | Changing your telephone number every year could be an
         | artificial holiday like valentines day or halloween. It can be
         | done if people deem it's important.
        
           | idoitalready wrote:
           | I already do this. It gives me an opportunity to trim the
           | contact list to people I actually talk to regularly which I
           | send the new number too. Also shows me my footprint online
           | since I have to update the number. I only change it for
           | places I actually use regularly or are important.
        
         | MetaWhirledPeas wrote:
         | > there is no sane way to protect your contact details from
         | being sold
         | 
         | I can think of one: make it illegal to buy, sell, or trade
         | customer data. All transfer of data to another party must have
         | a record of being initiated by the individual.
        
         | wand3r wrote:
         | Where are you buying this? Might be handy for a job search.
         | Zoominfo basically doesn't have a b2c offering and I am not
         | paying several thousand for an experiment in improving my
         | career
        
       | z02d wrote:
       | There was a nice talk on the recent Chaos Communication Congress
       | (from Chaos Computer Club):
       | 
       | https://media.ccc.de/v/38c3-databroker-files-wie-uns-apps-un...
       | 
       | (English audio available)
        
       | zzo38computer wrote:
       | Even just to look at the picture near the top (which is also
       | repeated near the bottom), if you do not allow the app to track
       | you that only disables one of the items of the information and
       | not all of them. This is explained later in the document, that it
       | is not explained very well to end users. I agree that it could be
       | explained better. Perhaps, "Allow app to track your activity..."
       | can have a option to display a more elaborate description,
       | explaining that it only affects the Advertising Tracking ID (and
       | what that means) and has no effect on other methods of tracking.
       | 
       | And, looking further in the document, we can see there is more.
       | 
       | Some of them, such as IP address and timestamp it is reasonable
       | to use for programs that access the internet (although it should
       | be possible for the user to set up a proxy and/or adjust the
       | clock in order to change these things, the server would still use
       | its own timestamp anyways).
       | 
       | Available memory also makes sense to be readable (although
       | ideally, the user should be allowed to limit the amount of memory
       | available to specific programs, in order that there is enough
       | memory remaining for other programs; the reported total memory
       | should then include only the memory available to this program and
       | not to all programs), and the same should be true of the number
       | of CPU cores and the amount of available disk space.
       | 
       | Others probably should not normally be known by most programs
       | (but some are usefulf or some kind of programs), and even when
       | they are, the operating system ought to allow users to reprogram
       | what information is available and what filters, logging, etc will
       | be used.
       | 
       | The presence of wired headphones probably should not be
       | accessible by software, and the redirection should be handled by
       | hardware. Perhaps an exception makes sense if the settings need
       | to be different, e.g. mono vs stereo, although even then,
       | programs should only see those settings (and only if they have
       | audio output), and the user should be allowed to override them
       | due to preferences (e.g. some users might want mono even if
       | connected to external speakers or headphones; on my computer
       | sometimes only one speaker works and sometimes both, so it is
       | useful to me to be able to switch to mono).
       | 
       | Furthermore, there is the consideration, if the advertisers/spies
       | are stealing your power and network bandwidth and quota in order
       | to do these things; then, that is theft.
        
         | ec109685 wrote:
         | There is more to it when a user disallows an app to track your
         | activity. From Apple and enforced in their review guidelines:
         | 
         | "The app is also not permitted to track your activity using
         | other information that identifies you or your device, like your
         | email address."
        
         | secondcoming wrote:
         | > if the advertisers/spies are stealing your power and network
         | bandwidth and quota in order to do these things
         | 
         | They're not. The app developer is.
        
       | EveOffline wrote:
       | Very interesting and disturbing research, definitely a wake up
       | call for me. Does anyone know/can anyone recommend me software
       | that can block these sorts of requests from going through? I know
       | of pihole which blocks adds but does it also filter out these
       | sorts of things?
        
         | ActorNightly wrote:
         | You need to have a wifi only android phone, rooted, no google
         | apps, and uninstall anything that talks to the internet. That
         | includes analyzing network traffic, open ports, and so on.
         | 
         | I did this with a Kali Nethunter distro back in the day for
         | "reasons", privacy not being one of them. This makes the phone
         | very hard to use for regular things.
        
         | daqhris wrote:
         | "no-root firewalls" to control data flows on devices (sorry for
         | not publicly naming my preferred one).
        
       | simonw wrote:
       | Anyone understand why an apparently accurate latitude/longitude
       | showed up in one of those traces despite location services not
       | being enabled for the app in question?
        
         | ec109685 wrote:
         | A previous request maybe mapped their IP back to the geo, and
         | that data was used subsequently, maybe?
        
         | withinboredom wrote:
         | Probably Mozilla location services (which I happily block)
         | which does pretty accurate passive location tracking.
        
         | ActorNightly wrote:
         | Phones send out probe requests to get a list of open wifis. If
         | you have a static access point, with a known geo location,
         | software can be running on that point to remember a mac address
         | of the phone from a probe and store it. Thus enabling real time
         | tracking.
         | 
         | Im like 60% sure this is how they figured out who the Bomber
         | was in Austin TX.
        
           | rpigab wrote:
           | This is also why some Chinese apps put everything inside a
           | single app and request every permission there is, then track
           | you through Wifi SSIDs seen by your device.
        
         | rollulus wrote:
         | Thanks for asking. Came here to ask since I was curious about
         | this too. I don't find any of the replies here convincing:
         | 
         | - List of open wifis: AFAIK, and in my experience, apps need
         | special permissions to do anything at the wifi level. And yes,
         | iOS location services use wifi info but it's disabled, that's
         | the point;
         | 
         | - IP back to geo: then why not send the IP itself directly?
         | 
         | - Mozilla location services: same as above, why not send the
         | info you send to Mozilla directly to the data harvester which
         | can call Mozilla itself?
        
       | krupan wrote:
       | Anyone working on this tech used for tracking people should feel
       | bad.
        
       | OtomotO wrote:
       | No they don't, because:
       | 
       | I have location services disabled 99% of the time
       | 
       | And I often leave the house without my smartphone (when walking
       | or bicycling), much to the dismay of my better half... I am
       | sorry, I forget!
        
       | pyromaker wrote:
       | I don't think there is a hope when it comes to our privacy and
       | ads and our data being sold - none. Even if I'm somewhat off the
       | grid or low in activities, the indirect way of targeting me still
       | exists, by my family members, friends, people associated with me.
       | I surrender.
        
         | secondcoming wrote:
         | There is hope. The upcoming US State privacy laws are resulting
         | in IP addresses having the last octet blanked out, and IDFA's
         | zeroed out, at least for SSPs and DSPs. Companies such as Apple
         | and Google will still have this info since they control the OS.
        
       | parkersweb wrote:
       | This makes me wonder - is there not a 'Little Snitch' equivalent
       | for iOS?
        
       | BubbleRings wrote:
       | I clicked the link at the beginning of your article, that led to
       | the Google sheet with the list of apps. That list had 12,373
       | lines, not "over 2,000", fyi. And while most of the apps looked
       | like small time games that I have never downloaded and would
       | probably not download, I saw included there "Microsoft Office
       | 365". Interesting.
        
         | timsh wrote:
         | agreed, however there are duplicates in that list + same app
         | for ios / android. if I'm not mistaking I did a simple unique
         | count on it (or catch the 2000 number from 404media post)
        
         | thadk wrote:
         | Here's my messy list of all the apps I recognized in that
         | Google Sheet: meetup, tinder, crunchyroll
         | zynga/wordswithfriends, Microsoft Outlook
         | com.microsoft.office.outlook, Weather channel, Microsoft 365
         | (Office) com.microsoft.office.officehubrow Opera Mini browser
         | beta com.opera.mini.native.beta, BuzzFeed - Quizzes & News
         | com.buzzfeed.android Tetris(r) Block Puzzle
         | com.playstudios.tetris4 Sonic the Hedgehog(tm) Classic
         | com.sega.sonic1px Grindr Flipboard: The Social Magazine
         | Flightradar24 | Flight Tracker Bejeweled Blitz
         | com.ea.BejeweledBlitz_row FarmVille 3 - Farm Animals Plants vs
         | Zombies(tm) 2 com.ea.game.pvz2_row SimCity BuildIt 913292932
         | Tetris(r) 1491074310 Opera Mini: Fast Web Browser
         | com.opera.mini.native TuneIn Radio: Music & Sports 418987775
         | Yahoo Mail - Organized Email
         | com.yahoo.mobile.client.android.mail Angry Birds 2
         | com.rovio.baba Skip-Bo 1538912205 CamScanner - PDF Scanner App
         | com.intsig.camscanner Rakuten Viber Messenger com.viber.voip
         | Candy Crush Saga 553834731
        
       | LegitShady wrote:
       | most of the modern internet just seems to be the greatest
       | inescapable surveillance system in all of human history.
        
       | bvrlt wrote:
       | How is the MAID <> IDFA link constructed?
        
         | timsh wrote:
         | MAID = IDFA on ios + GAID on Android
         | [https://www.start.io/glossary/mobile-ad-id-maid/]
        
           | fmkamchatka wrote:
           | I think he meant MAID <> PII
        
       | atum47 wrote:
       | Reddit app has no permissions on my phone, but the feed suggests
       | communities based on my location never the less. I've been
       | traveling for the last two months, every city I've been has been
       | suggested
        
         | scarface_74 wrote:
         | It's just an IP look up. I travel a lot and you can tell where
         | certain podcast episodes were downloaded based on dynamic ad
         | insertion
        
         | nedt wrote:
         | Just check https://ipinfo.io/ to see how close your IP points
         | to your location. For most targeted content the city is good
         | enough. And honestly if I'm one of 1 million people it's ok.
        
       | aucisson_masque wrote:
       | I paid for pcapdroid, it's a network monitoring app that use the
       | vpn protocol on Android to monitor every packet sent, register
       | which app made the request, to whom, dates and so on.
       | 
       | In it's paid feature, you can select app to block internet
       | connection or you can select country, ip and host.
       | 
       | After browsing my internet logs, it shocked me to see some app I
       | had absolutely no idea were spying so much.
       | 
       | Xiaomi home ? Yeah I knew Xiaomi app would be spyware. But
       | Spotify for instance, how could I guess it sends every few hours
       | data to remote server including Facebook ones.
       | 
       | Until I find replacement for Spotify, but most music streaming
       | app do spy on its user (and I don't mean just learning what music
       | you like), I can still block all the graph.facebook.com
       | tracking.eu.miui.com Google ads.gdoubleclick.net and so on.
       | 
       | It's open source but firewall is paid feature, i highly recommend
       | it if you're on Android.
       | 
       | https://f-droid.org/fr/packages/com.emanuelef.remote_capture...
       | 
       | There is even the possibility to decrypt packet and analyze them
       | although it require root, i did it on another phone and yeah it's
       | similar to what the author found. Every single bit of data, ip
       | adress, since how long the phone is on, the wifi connections,
       | when did I unlock the phone and so on.
       | 
       | Every data taken individually is not important to me but this
       | stream of little data constantly going God knows where is creepy
       | as fuck.
        
         | adeon wrote:
         | If you have the equipment (e.g. a spare Linux computer and WiFi
         | router) and know-how, you can set up something like mitmproxy
         | (looks very similar feature set to the Android App, but likely
         | requires more effort to set up) to your home network. That's
         | what I did some weeks ago, and then basically the same exercise
         | you did (just my whole network instead of just phone), looking
         | what's going on. And yeah...it's not good.
         | 
         | Even if I trust some companies to be trustworthy, I can't
         | possibly vet a gazillion entities getting telemetry requests,
         | and not all of them can have their shit together, security,
         | privacy or ethics-wise.
         | 
         | It made me ditch some Microsoft software, but overall escaping
         | spying feels like a lost battle, unless you go do spartan
         | Richard Stallman-like computing (IIRC he had pretty hardcore
         | stance over the software he'll use).
        
           | aucisson_masque wrote:
           | Well I believe it's Feasible.
           | 
           | Anyway like most things it's a journey, not an on off switch.
           | First you get aware then you make change and the situation
           | gets better, it doesn't have to be perfect to be better.
           | 
           | On my Android phone, I had to make clear cut on which app I
           | could keep after seeing the logs. The apps from Google,
           | microsoft, amazon they are all gone. Even the play services
           | and the play store replaced with aurora.
           | 
           | It cuts at least 2/3 of the network requests.
           | 
           | Then you have the case of individual apps that use Facebook
           | SDK or other advertiser, there are often alternatives in the
           | open source community and when it's not the case there are
           | always less privacy invasive alternative on the store.
           | 
           | For instance, my default Samsung weather app was sending lots
           | and lots of data. The alternative on the froid were not in my
           | taste.
           | 
           | I eventually found out about weawow, it's not open source but
           | it doesn't require any weird permission, no ads, it's not
           | constantly sending data in the background and my logs says it
           | only connect to weather.weawow.com.
           | 
           | I mean it's fine.
           | 
           | After spending weeks with the firewall, i was able to
           | identify the spying app and replace most of them. My network
           | log now is pretty empty when I'm not using the phone.
        
       | itissid wrote:
       | I think one thing people are discussing a lot here about Privacy
       | around contacts and sharing. Limiting access to contacts ,
       | completely or partially, is the wrong way to design such systems.
       | There are two problems with this approach:
       | 
       | 1. Having permission to contacts is NOT a capability. Running a
       | function on it that is by design not leak PII is infinitely more
       | valuable and a capability.
       | 
       | 2. Asking users to grant permission is broken by design: You are
       | giving a very bad multiple choice to the user: `(a)Creepy? (b).
       | LessCreepy (c). Don't Use App`
       | 
       | Instead if we only granted operation rights and hid the actual
       | information instead it would be so much better. We need a
       | _separation_ of data from the function to empower apps to give
       | better choices to users.
        
       | mickgardner wrote:
       | I find it fascinating reading hacker news, full of IT folk who
       | simultaneously build software that enables and profits from the
       | advertising and personal information selling & tracking industry
       | - are also the same people who complain the loudest about it.
       | Unbelievable.
        
         | wkat4242 wrote:
         | Probably because people like us have more visibility on the
         | huge scope and consequences of this kind of privacy invasion.
         | Most people don't actually see this with their own eyes. They
         | probably know it's happening in the back of their heads but
         | it's not 'real' to them. It's very real when you know you could
         | technically run a report of all your users that also have
         | grindr installed.
         | 
         | I'm sure most of us would prefer not to work somewhere that
         | does it but we need to eat too.. And we have no input in this.
         | 
         | For example recently I was given a presentation on a new IoT
         | product at work. Immediately I asked why we're not supporting
         | open standards stuff like matter as a protocol. And I was told
         | that'll never fly with marketing because they want to have all
         | the customers to have eyes on their app for their 'metrics' and
         | upselling. I told them fine but I'm definitely not using this
         | crap myself. But it was shrugged off. We are too few for them
         | to care about. And it makes us very unpopular in the company
         | too. So it's a risky thing to do that doesn't help anyway. The
         | "don't fight them but join them and change from within" idea is
         | a fallacy.
        
         | Capricorn2481 wrote:
         | That seems like trying to tie two separate groups together.
         | Most people are not working on software remotely adjacent to
         | this.
        
         | conductr wrote:
         | There's no code of conduct or rule book that anyone should
         | follow so ethics is determined at the individual level. That
         | quickly turns to, either I build it for them or the next guy
         | will. Resistance is futile type thing.
         | 
         | Most other types of engineering have published rules and
         | standards and industry credentialing including ethics tied into
         | it and loss of credentials for an ethics violation would be
         | career ending in many cases.
        
           | pas wrote:
           | Can you give a few examples where that helped?
           | 
           | (I can only think of straw-man examples. Does the private
           | prison industry have problems getting architects, civil
           | engineers, electrical engineers? Does the pharma industry
           | have problems getting chemical engineers for manufacturing
           | addictive painkillers?)
        
             | conductr wrote:
             | Architects have to build to codes and have their plans
             | signed off by an engineer that is very much liable for the
             | basic safety of the structure.
             | 
             | I'm a CFO and the CPA credential helps a whole industry of
             | accountants avoid outright shenanigans that would take
             | place if we could report financials the way sales,
             | marketing and some others would prefer. We also have a
             | whole layer of audits to help make sure what we say is
             | true, is true.
             | 
             | It's obviously not perfect and There's always going to be
             | bad actors but having industry guardrails does help a lot
             | more than is obvious. This is one of those things we're the
             | absence of data is the data. The fact it's pretty rare for
             | a skyscraper to structurally fail and Enron type financial
             | fraud situations are relatively rare. It's hard to imagine
             | how much things around us would be worse without checks and
             | balances.
             | 
             | As for pharma example, I think it's a good point but also a
             | bit of a case study in where this should have worked but
             | didn't. Those sometimes are necessary things. Just like how
             | originally technologists thought social media was
             | beneficial to society, it could perhaps be revisited with a
             | different opinion with a different perspective with benefit
             | of hindsight. It's pretty subjective and opinionated but I
             | personally think R&D should be pretty loose. In pharma, you
             | have to be pretty open minded as it seems sometimes things
             | are discovered while in search of something else. The
             | business of pharma, the sales people pushing those
             | addictive pain meds, should be able to push them (with an
             | expectation of presenting accurate data of research/side
             | effects/etc). Prescribing physicians are ultimately the
             | best check. Even when lied to about addiction stats, they
             | didn't seem to perform the appropriate check/balance as
             | their profession would normally have done and sound alarms
             | / stop prescribing. Instead, as a whole, they leaned into
             | the idea that pain should be more aggressively managed than
             | it has been in the past. They were all very slow to act
             | even when addiction had been identified as a problem. The
             | confluence of all these things has caused the industry to
             | become introspective and change some things in hopes to
             | avoid a similar repeat. Just like Enron did for finance and
             | household accident data drives improving building
             | guidelines. Software remains the Wild West without
             | something similar in place.
             | 
             | To circle back to the CPA example as that's what I'm most
             | familiar with, it doesn't tell me not to work in a
             | particular industry. Like, private prisons need
             | accountants. But it tells me what type of accounting
             | practices are acceptable. I'd imagine a similar example for
             | the context of this topic, is you wouldn't be told not to
             | work for an adtech company but in that employment you would
             | be able to say certain types of data sharing is decidedly
             | inappropriate according to your industry standards and you
             | would be putting your career in jeopardy by building a
             | feature sales requested. Furthermore you have things like
             | whistleblowing hotlines and eventually other companies that
             | couldn't work with your adtech company because doing so
             | would be considered an ethics violation on their part. Etc
             | etc.
        
         | nedt wrote:
         | We might not be the same. Every time someone asks for tracking
         | anything I complain and question a lot. People hate me, but if
         | there is no real use case for storing all information we can
         | get I will veto as much as I can.
         | 
         | The IT folks working in the advertising industry are much more
         | the "who cares, everyone has all our data already anyway".
        
         | boesboes wrote:
         | Yes, because everyone on Hackernews is identical and working on
         | the exact same stuff. It's not like it's a few companies
         | enabling this and each marketing department going like oooooh i
         | want that.
        
         | fkyoureadthedoc wrote:
         | Brother, I work on internal software at a non-tech company and
         | have never generated a single revenue.
        
         | stackedinserter wrote:
         | These are not the same people, obviously.
        
         | genevra wrote:
         | So you think individuals have control over how the industry
         | works? The insight it gives devs is why some are so outspoken
         | about it. This is a good thing.
        
       | throwaway_2898 wrote:
       | Posting here from an anonymized account about Meta. No one
       | probably recalls that meta stopped most of their background
       | location services(Remember Nearby Friends) on the main
       | application ~2021-2022[1]. It was just not even worth a repeat
       | NYT story with this much money on infra to collect locations.
       | 
       | But, this is basically after they figured how to do "good enough"
       | location targetting using IP and a bunch of this info this guy
       | talked about. You don't actually need a lat, long, just the 1
       | mile radius/city area is good enough to run ads and they have ALL
       | of that.
       | 
       | This was why meta's revenue dropped so much after apple's move,
       | they could not fall back to collecting precise location. This is
       | the last game in town. You shut this down, meta's precise
       | targetting will suffer gravely, ads will become flakey.
       | 
       | One last thing. You may ask, who are the businesses that need
       | precise lat longs? are like this one[2]. These businesses are
       | like whack-a-mole. They saturate the app market steal data get
       | money and shit down when someone yells and in a few months and
       | comeback again, rebranded and come back as another app. They
       | exist not just to collect data but to act as an arbiter on who
       | get eyeballs on IRL activities to influence behavior at the (Top
       | of the funnel) TOFu. In the Worst. Possible. Way.
       | 
       | [1] https://techcrunch.co/2022/05/09/facebook-to-shutter-its-
       | nea... [2] https://www.joinpogo.com/
        
       | itissid wrote:
       | does incogni work to erase your data and prevent these SSP/DSPs
       | from never collecting your data?
        
       | jetbalsa wrote:
       | I was just screwing around today with data like this. I was
       | making it to have as a exhibit at a up coming event at my
       | university
       | 
       | https://bsky.app/profile/balsa.info/post/3lh7z776lbk2w
       | 
       | You connect to a special WiFi SSID and compares your traffic to
       | known tracking/ad domains (Pi-Hole Lists mostly) and the "food"
       | is the packets being sent to those servers.
       | 
       | its crude and has some high false positive rates, but it does
       | have a chilling effect for me when exploring what data is going
       | where
        
       | sjtgraham wrote:
       | > There's no "personal information" here, but honestly this
       | amount of data shared with an arbitrary list of 3rd parties is
       | scary. Why do they need to know my screen brightness, memory
       | amount, current volume and if I'm wearing headphones?
       | 
       | > I know the "right" answer - to help companies target their
       | audience better! For example, if you're promoting a mobile app
       | that is 1 GB of size, and the user only has 500 MB of space left
       | - don't show him the ad, right?
       | 
       | Author jumps to the incorrect conclusion here. The answer is
       | fingerprinting.
        
         | timsh wrote:
         | The "right" answer is not the one I end up with but rather the
         | version sold by the vendor. this is what Apple and Google would
         | say.
        
           | j16sdiz wrote:
           | I think they are pretty clear if you read the documentation.
           | Accessing to the exact value of these always need some
           | privacy-related privilege on ios and android.
           | 
           | Without those privilege, all you can get is an approximate.
        
         | natdempk wrote:
         | Yeah my mind also immediately jumped to fingerprinting.
         | Somewhat required for anti-fraud to some extent, but also
         | obviously used for more than that.
        
         | debugnik wrote:
         | The mention of a _" right" answer_, quotes and all, makes it
         | clear they understand this argument is a farce, doesn't it?
        
       | adeon wrote:
       | Starting earlier this year I've set up a mitmproxy a lot on my
       | entire home network, and often have it on for all traffic at
       | times. I put up an old NAS and I'm abusing it as a mitmproxy tool
       | for my home.
       | 
       | There would be so much to write about what I've seen. I've
       | thought of making a blog post. I use mitmproxy to check on
       | sketchy apps and to learn in general.
       | 
       | The information sent out is fascinating. I knew extensive
       | telemetry is pretty norm these days, but it's another thing to
       | see it with your own eyes. My exercise has also made the typical
       | "yes, we collect data/telemetry, but it's
       | deanonymized/secured/etc. and deleted after X days so no worries"
       | sound very hollow; even if a company goes in good faith by their
       | own rules, how am I supposed to trust the other 1000 companies
       | who also do data collection. If someone hacked my mitmproxy
       | itself and downloaded all the payloads it collected, they would
       | probably know me better than I do.
       | 
       | Random examples on top of my head from mitmproxy (when I say
       | "chatty" I mean they talk a lot to server somewhere):
       | 
       | I had GitHub CoPilot neovim plugin. I didn't realize how chatty
       | it was until I did this (although I wasn't surprised either,
       | obviously completions are sent out to a server, but it also has
       | your usual telemetry+AB test experiment stuff). I had wanted to
       | ditch that service for a long time so I finally did it after
       | seeing with a local setup since open stuff has mostly caught up.
       | Also it's not actually open source I think? I had no idea (I
       | thought it would just be a simple wrapper to call into some APIs,
       | but: no PRs, no issues, code has blobs of .wasm and .node:
       | https://github.com/github/copilot.vim)
       | 
       | Firefox telemetry, if it's turned on, is a bit concerningly
       | detailed to me. I think I might be completely identifiable on
       | some of the payloads if someone decided to really take a go at
       | analyzing the payloads I send. Also I find it funny that one of
       | the JSON fields says "telemetry is off". Telemetry is actually on
       | on the menu (I leave it on purpose to see stuff like this); just
       | in the JSON for some reason it says off. I'm not sure if that
       | telemetry is meant to be non-identifiable though in the first
       | place.
       | 
       | Unity-made software (also mentioned in the article) send out a
       | Unity piece at start-up that looks similar to the article,
       | although I didn't take a deeper look myself.
       | 
       | Author mentioned the battery: I also noticed that a lot of mobile
       | apps are interested in the battery level. I didn't connect the
       | pieces why but the article mentions Uber 4% battery surcharge,
       | and now it makes a bit more sense.
       | 
       | One app that has at least once been on HN at high scores starts
       | sending out analytics before you've consented to any terms and
       | conditions. One of the fields is your computer hostname (one of
       | my computers has my real name in my hostname...it does not
       | anymore). Usually web pages have "by downloading you accept terms
       | and conditions" but this one only presented that text after you
       | launch app before you get to the main portion. I never clicked it
       | (still haven't), but I allowed the app mellow on background to
       | snoop on its behavior.
       | 
       | Video games: The ones I've tried seen mostly don't do anything
       | too interesting. But I haven't tried any crappy mobile games for
       | example. One unity game on the laptop, Bloons TD 6 sends out
       | analytics at every menu click and a finished game sends a summary
       | and is the "chattiest" game so far, although seems limited to
       | what the game actually needs to do (it has an.online aspect). The
       | payloads had more detailed info on my game stats though, they
       | should add those to the game UI ;)
       | 
       | Apple updates don't work through mitmproxy (won't trust the
       | certificates). Neither do many mobile apps (none of the banking
       | ones did, now I know what a mitm attack would look like to my
       | bank app).
       | 
       | Some requests have a boatload of HTTP headers. I've thought of
       | writing a mitmproxy module to make a top 10 list. I think some
       | Google services might be at the top that I've seen. (I think
       | Google also has developed new HTTP tech, is it so that they can
       | more efficiently set even more cookies? ;)
       | 
       | I think anything Microsoft-tied may be chattiest programs overall
       | on my laptop. But I haven't done stats or anything like that.
       | 
       | Aside from mitmproxy, I'm learning security/cryptography (managed
       | to find real world vulnerabilities although frankly very boring
       | ones so far...), Ghidra, started learning some low-level
       | seccomp() stuff, qemu user emulation, things in that nature to
       | get some skills in this space. Still need to learn: legal side of
       | things (ToSes like to say 'no reverse engineering'), how to not
       | get into trouble if you reverse engineer something someone didn't
       | like. I've not dared to report some things, and to not poke some
       | APIs or even mention them because I don't know enough yet how to
       | cover my ass.
       | 
       | Modern computing privacy and security is a mess.
       | 
       | I've worked a good part of my career at a DSP company (it would
       | be in the box that says "Criteo" on it on the author's article).
       | So I have some idea what companies in that space have as data.
        
       | nipperkinfeet wrote:
       | I am using AdGuard DNS and its absolutely sickening how many ads
       | and trackers it is blocking on a daily basis. Just on my
       | smartphone alone.
        
       | kjellsbells wrote:
       | I don't understand how this isn't considered an incredible
       | national security issue, e.g., what stops an actor buying data
       | for high value targets known to use certain apps, like the
       | President or Prime Minister of a country?
        
       | rsync wrote:
       | How much money is tied back to, or generated from, wifi AP SSID
       | databases for geolocation ?
       | 
       | Because _wow_ that would be simple to spoof and chaff and spam.
       | 
       | It's dinnertime here but if I had a few minutes I could make (my
       | own house) appear indistinguishable from (Chase Center) from the
       | perspective of SSID landscape.
       | 
       | It would cost nothing and is trivially easy. Even if they pair
       | MAC addresses that's not a big hurdle. I'll bet relative signal
       | strengths are not measured.
       | 
       | It might be a good flushing action[1].
       | 
       | [1] https://kozubik.com/items/FlushingAction/
        
         | vv_ wrote:
         | Google's Geolocation Services used to charge 4$ for 1000
         | requests to their Cellular/Wi-Fi Geolocationing Service.
         | Essentially you send a list of Wi-Fi MAC addresses and their
         | associated RSSI values and get back a latitude and longitude
         | with an accuracy metric. It was surprisingly good, when GPS
         | wasn't available (sub 50 meters accuracy).
        
       | vanillax wrote:
       | This is wild.
        
       | wkat4242 wrote:
       | From TFA:
       | 
       | > This is the worst thing about these data trades that happen
       | constantly around the world - each small part of it is (or seems)
       | legit. It's the bigger picture that makes them look ugly.
       | 
       | No it doesn't seem legit to me at all. Any of it.
        
       | bigs wrote:
       | This write up is fantastic
        
       | ggm wrote:
       | The thing I found I grokked, and think is important from this
       | article is that private browsing doesn't end this information
       | flow. It only marks the JSON data blob as "asked not to be
       | identified or collated" and its substantively an honour system.
       | There are penalties (lawsuit against google for misleading people
       | on the fact data was still collected) but the walls to breach
       | here are low, given that non-PII can be crossmatched, to confirm
       | "who you are" in some sense.
       | 
       | There is no such thing as "private" browsing inside the factory
       | installed browser, with factory installed DNS, and any kind of
       | location data, or other cross-collating information along with
       | your IP. The loss of privacy may be contextual and somewhat
       | statistical, but it would be wrong to assume you weren't
       | identified.
       | 
       | What it does do, is let you see how bidding mechanisms in
       | services like flights and hotels will change bid when the same
       | location as you comes to request service and doesn't have the
       | prior search cookie state. Thats useful I guess.
       | 
       | "find things at a different pricepoint" cookie monster mode?
        
         | ErigmolCt wrote:
         | "Private browsing" is just a polite request for companies to
         | pretend they didn't see you before
        
           | dangus wrote:
           | "Private browsing" is just private mostly in the sense of
           | your local device, as in, your browsing history and cookies
           | aren't saved to disk. That still has some use as cookies are
           | more direct tracking than fingerprinting (e.g., keeping you
           | logged in, or a Google analytics script seeing that you're a
           | logged in Google user with a real identity provided to
           | Google).
           | 
           | "Ask app not to track" turns off Apple's own device
           | identifier, but doesn't stop other types of identifiers from
           | existing, as the article described by the way it showed how
           | ad networks make their own device identifiers collected by
           | various apps.
        
       | Uptrenda wrote:
       | What do you think a design would look like for the web and
       | internet where users actually have privacy on it?
        
       | sedatk wrote:
       | It's a bit ironic that Privacy Badger extension finds 7 trackers
       | on the article's page.
        
         | dlikren wrote:
         | It looks like these all come from the Reddit embed in the
         | middle of the article. Default uBlock Origin settings blocks 13
         | urls (and more, due to Reddit's frequent pings), but disable
         | 3rd-party frames brings it down to 1 url (since the original
         | embed was blocked).
        
         | timsh wrote:
         | oops, here comes the price of a nice-looking Reddit embed. next
         | time I'll stick to a screenshot :) thanks!
        
       | Khaine wrote:
       | This is why I am so against letting Web Browsers have access to
       | so much device information. Every time, a web dev says they
       | should be able to push notifications, or get battery information,
       | or whatever, this is why they should be ignored.
        
       | udev4096 wrote:
       | Total bs. Do not give location permissions to untrusted apps. If
       | the app insists on it, use mock GPS feature on android which will
       | spoof your location. Can we all please stop exaggerating the
       | slopiness of normies with their pretentious acts of being shocked
       | after not being cautious about their privacy? Privacy is not by
       | default, you have to put some effort into it
        
         | saagarjha wrote:
         | Maybe privacy should be by default.
        
       | monksy wrote:
       | The people who reported about the Gravy analytics leak is
       | 404media. They're an independent techincal media group that has
       | been reporting on stories I haven't seen elsewhere. They're
       | pretty awesome. I've personally paid-subscribed. (I'm not
       | affilated with them, nor am I receiving comp to say this)
        
       | nromiun wrote:
       | How many people only turn on GPS for maps? Aside from that all
       | tracking methods are pretty inaccurate anyway.
        
       | nomilk wrote:
       | > Advertising Tracking ID was actually set to 000000-0000...
       | because I "Asked app not to track".
       | 
       | > I checked this by manually disabling and enabling tracking
       | option for the Stack app and comparing requests in both cases.
       | 
       | > And that's the only difference between allowing and disallowing
       | tracking
       | 
       | This is revealing! I'd wondered about Apple's curious wording "
       | _Ask_ App not to track " leaves suspicious wriggle room - apps
       | may not track by an _id_ , but could easily 'fingerprint' users
       | (given how much other data is sent), so even without a unique ID,
       | enough data would be provided for them to know who you are 99% of
       | the time.
       | 
       | Amended Dead Privacy Theory:
       | 
       | The Dead Internet Theory says most activity on the internet is by
       | bots [0]. The Dead Privacy Theory says approximately all private
       | data is not private; but rather is accessible on whim by any data
       | scientist, SWE, analyst, or db admin with access to the database,
       | _and third parties_.
       | 
       | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_Internet_theory
        
         | K0nserv wrote:
         | Apple sets Advertising Tracking ID to 00000-0000 because it's
         | the only technical control they have. However, apps are also
         | supposed to respect the signal with regards to other methods of
         | cross-site/app tracking and disable fingerprinting mechanisms.
         | 
         | See https://developer.apple.com/app-store/user-privacy-and-
         | data-... for details
        
           | alexvitkov wrote:
           | It's not the only technical control they have - every single
           | datapoint an app can gather is ultimately provided from the
           | OS. They could let you disable access to metrics that have
           | proven to be useful for fingerprinting. They could also
           | attempt block known tracking code - all games with IronSource
           | ads will run the same tracker binary, byte for byte. There's
           | a lot of things they could do, but don't, since in the
           | mainstream they have a pretty good reputation when it comes
           | to privacy.
        
           | diebeforei485 wrote:
           | They have other controls. For example, a game does not need
           | to know your precise battery level (respect the low power
           | mode setting), or precise screen brightness (respect the dark
           | mode setting), or precise storage or volume (appropriate is
           | sufficient). They really don't need to know if you're using
           | wired or bluetooth headphones, and can request a specific
           | entitlement if they have a valid use for that information.
           | 
           | 99% of games do not need precise location (some exceptions
           | are pokemon go, etc). They can request and receive an
           | entitlement.
        
       | xyzal wrote:
       | I would like to bring attention to this project. They aim to
       | function in an application firewall like manner and manage to
       | block connections by category, classified by domain name. Android
       | only though, and the 'full' version is available only on f-droid
       | due to some anti-adblock-like Play store policy.
       | https://trackercontrol.org/
        
       | Jean-Papoulos wrote:
       | By "location", the OP means country. So not exactly a GPS point
       | to 6 decimals... This is the second time I've seen a post with
       | this problem here.
        
         | Einenlum wrote:
         | There's also, latitude, longitude and IP.
        
           | nedt wrote:
           | But that latitude and longitude might still be the middle of
           | some city or country and not an exact location. It's not
           | really clear how close it is.
        
       | ErigmolCt wrote:
       | The fact that your "do not track" preference makes almost no
       | difference in practice? Depressing but not surprising...
        
       | pandemic_region wrote:
       | Related: has anyone else noticed the practice of using cheap
       | commodity 'living room' appliances to get access to your data? A
       | while ago I bought a ceiling light for my daughters' bedroom,
       | brand unknown to me. It had a built-in speaker controlled via
       | bluetooth, and dozens of light patterns and colors it could emit
       | via a ring of small leds. My daughter was extactic looking at the
       | youtube promo vid. Turned out that to use any of these features,
       | you needed to install their app. Fine okay installing. Then the
       | app demanded access to contacts and camera or it refused to
       | connect to the ceiling light. Fine okay uninstalling the app and
       | returning that crap.
        
       | Arech wrote:
       | [emotions redacted]
       | 
       | Long ago there was XPrivacy project for Android that allowed to
       | granularly set permissions for each app & system service and
       | ensure they won't get the real private data. It's no longer alive
       | these days, I guess. Can someone share their experience with the
       | alternatives for the modern latest Android?
        
       | PatronBernard wrote:
       | > Moloco ads is a DSP network
       | 
       | A digital signal processing network? A bit annoying to introduce
       | an acronym without defining it. Great article otherwise.
        
       | aprilfoo wrote:
       | It seems still possible to avoid being tracked (protections,
       | filters, degoogle, etc), and the business is not very interested
       | in the minority willing to trade off functionality, practicality
       | and ease for privacy. For how long?
        
       | black_puppydog wrote:
       | I realize this feels like a pipe dream, like a million miles away
       | from our branch of reality in 2025, but I really think the entire
       | online surveillance advertising industry needs to be burnt to the
       | ground and (maybe, partially) rebuilt. Many of the problems we
       | see nowadays are rooted in the fact that data is being collected
       | and used to (supposedly) profitable ends.
       | 
       | Sure, there may be the occasional honest actor in the industry,
       | but they're so marginal and outcompeted by dishonest and shady
       | ones that it really doesn't matter. IMHO the right move is to
       | simply ban any collection that's not strictly necessary. Kind of
       | like GDPR but without the "if the user agrees" exceptions.
       | 
       | Reminds me of a regulation about artificial stone (?) being
       | banned in Australia, not because it's impossible to use safely
       | but because the regulator concluded that the entire supply chain
       | is unwilling to and disincentivized from using the material
       | safely, so the best move at this point was to ban it outright.
       | 
       | Edit: found that article
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38634213
        
       | Arch-TK wrote:
       | This is one of the many good reasons to avoid the google app
       | store but most apps in general.
       | 
       | Let it be known, having an app to do something which used to be
       | doable by a website is to me a red flag. Although I refuse to
       | install anything other than what I genuinely trust.
        
       | Developer_Tom wrote:
       | Imo, the real takeaway here is that ad-tech isn't just tracking
       | people -- it's that it's becoming a decentralised surveillance
       | network where no single entity takes any responsibility. Even
       | with "Ask App Not to Track," your IP, geolocation, and device
       | fingerprint still end up being leaked! It shows that tracking
       | isn't a feature anymore -- it's the business model.
        
       | sharpshadow wrote:
       | Punish Unity and Facebook even more.
        
       | welder wrote:
       | How do I dump a list of installed app identifiers to cross
       | reference with the list of apps selling this data? [0]
       | 
       | 0:
       | https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1Ukgd0gIWd9gpV6bOx2pc...
        
       | wslh wrote:
       | Is it correct to assume that if you disable the GPS for apps the
       | exact location is not sent or I am missing something?
        
       | gfiorav wrote:
       | One of the big WTF moments I've had in the "web vs. device" Ad-
       | related privacy journey was realizing that even if you create an
       | "anonymous" account on an app in your phone, your device ID is
       | shared and can be recognized by Ad vendors.
       | 
       | Example:
       | 
       | - You're using a known account on a Mac to search for a shelf to
       | buy
       | 
       | - You're using a anonymous account to browse Reddit on an iPhone
       | 
       | And the shelf Ad pops up on the Reddit feed. Yep, as long as you
       | logged in with a known account on both devices, they're now
       | linked by device id. An all you do on those devices (regardless
       | of the account) can be traced back to you.
       | 
       | I read about this in "Chaos Monkeys" but it never really hit me
       | until this experience.
        
         | mrguyorama wrote:
         | This is typically just done through IP address. That's why I
         | get ads for my girlfriend's preferred eye cream brand despite
         | the fact that we browse using different devices and the
         | advertiser should have access to that data point.
        
       | moominpapa wrote:
       | I really find this fascinating - great article. As an experiment
       | if you like, can anyone identify anything about me from this
       | post? And if not, why not? Would love to know.
        
       | sheerun wrote:
       | At the same time "know your location" notification is less it
       | seems to ask (ask lawyers), also portals
        
       | buro9 wrote:
       | Use NextDNS (https://nextdns.io) on your mobile phone as a
       | Private DNS provider, and switch as many apps as allow it to be
       | web apps, i.e. https://m.uber.com works just fine, and use
       | Firefox on mobile and enable `about:config` via
       | `chrome://geckoview/content/config.xhtml` , from there switch
       | `beacon.enabled` to false.
       | 
       | Far less requires an actual app than most people imagine. It's
       | the apps that leak so much.
        
         | 1vuio0pswjnm7 wrote:
         | Mobile phones suck as computers. NetGuard PCAP files are must
         | read if using a mobile phone as a computer.
         | 
         | One setup that works reasonably well is
         | 
         | NetGuard --> Nebulo --> DNSdist on own router
         | 
         | On phone,
         | 
         | (a) set DNS in Wifi to localhost, i.e., disable service
         | provider DNS
         | 
         | (b) set VPN to Block all connections without VPN
         | 
         | (c) set Netguard to forward port 53 to Nebulo
         | 
         | (d) set Nebulo to run in non-VPN mode
         | 
         | (e) set DNS configuration in Nebulo to DNSdist on router
         | 
         | On router, point DNSdist at nsd or tinydns serving custom root
         | zone containing all needed DNS data. Apps like NetGuard,
         | Nebulo, PCAPdroid, etc. allow one to easily export the DNS data
         | needed for the zone file.
         | 
         | There is at least one leak in this setup. Nebulo's "Internal
         | DNS server" can only be set to Cloudflare, Google or Quad9. In
         | theory this should only be used to resolve the address of the
         | DoH provider and nothing else. But not allowing the user to
         | choose their own DNS data source and forcing the user to keep
         | pinging (querying) Cloudflare, Google or Quad9 is poor design.
         | Those addresses are unlikely to change anyway.
         | 
         | Using a browser in place of other apps seems like good strategy
         | but the browser "app" is far, far more complicated than many
         | open source "apps" and much more difficult to control.
         | 
         | Firefox is not only filled with telemetry, almost no one
         | compiles it themselves, it has more settings than any normal
         | user can keep track of and it is constantly changing. Layer
         | upon layer of unneeded complexity.
        
       | oldherl wrote:
       | I thought this was common knowledge among (at least) IT industry
       | workers. It's been like this for a long time.
        
       | afiodorov wrote:
       | I wonder if Apple will extend their iCloud+ private relay service
       | to apps as a result of this.
        
       | megous wrote:
       | With articles like these, I'm glad for my dumbphone. At least
       | that sends data only to my mobile operator, hopefully.
        
       | grues-dinner wrote:
       | When someone wants to install an app rather then go to a website
       | that could do the same thing, they are advertising that they are
       | up to something nefarious.
        
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       (page generated 2025-02-03 23:01 UTC)