[HN Gopher] Commercial jet collides with Black Hawk helicopter n...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Commercial jet collides with Black Hawk helicopter near Reagan
       airport
        
       Author : mzmzmzm
       Score  : 600 points
       Date   : 2025-01-30 02:56 UTC (20 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.mediaite.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.mediaite.com)
        
       | mzmzmzm wrote:
       | A passenger jet originating from Kansas collided with a Blackhawk
       | helicopter midair near Reagan National Airport on Wednesday
       | night.
       | 
       | Flights at the airport have been halted.
        
       | toomuchtodo wrote:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2025_Potomac_River_mid-air_col...
       | 
       | https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2025-01-30/washingto... |
       | https://archive.today/n1ark
       | 
       | https://www.cnn.com/us/live-news/plane-crash-dca-potomac-was...
       | (CNN live updates)
       | 
       | https://old.reddit.com/r/flying/comments/1idbkyd/crash_at_dc...
       | 
       | https://old.reddit.com/r/aviation/comments/1idba8i/plane_cra...
       | 
       | https://x.com/aletweetsnews/status/1884789306645983319
       | 
       | https://archive.liveatc.net/kdca/KDCA1-Twr-Jan-30-2025-0130Z... |
       | https://web.archive.org/web/20250130025411/https://archive.l...
       | (event starts at 17:25)
        
         | LeoPanthera wrote:
         | BBC live updates: https://www.bbc.com/news/live/cy7kxx74yxlt
        
         | unsnap_biceps wrote:
         | https://archives.broadcastify.com/44114/20250129/20250129200...
         | contains the ATC feed in addition to the PAT-25 (helo) radio.
         | 
         | ~5:41 mark 5342 is given instructions for circling to 33. ~6:45
         | mark PAT-25 reports Memorial ~7:06 mark tower gives PAT-25
         | traffic advisory about 5342 and PAT-25 reports traffic in sight
         | and requests visual separation ~8:12 mark tower asks PAT-25 if
         | they have the CRJ in sight. PAT-25 again reports traffic in
         | sight and again requests visual separation. ~8:21 mark, crash
         | occurs, exclamations, go arounds issued
        
           | htgb wrote:
           | I'm impressed by your, and their, hearing comprehension here!
           | Granted, English isn't my native language but even with
           | concentration I struggle to hear what they say.
        
             | vharuck wrote:
             | It's easy to forget how many skills and "heuristics" go
             | into listening. I once read a scale of language proficiency
             | that placed "Can converse over a poor phone connection" at
             | a very high level. When a word is garbled or lost, you have
             | to quickly think of all the possible words that could've
             | fit the grammar and whatever sound you heard, consider them
             | in the context, and choose one or two. Then the next part
             | of the conversation should let you pick one. Then add the
             | complication of not seeing body language.
             | 
             | I forget where I read this. I think it was from the US
             | Department of State, but I can't find it now.
        
             | bolognafairy wrote:
             | Previous experience with aviation radio comms helps a lot.
             | Typical radio comms essentially follow a template, and it's
             | done in a way where you can safely approximate a LOT
             | (...just not numbers). But the...phraseology if you will,
             | can be approximated quite easily with experience.
             | 
             | Funnily enough, American ATC / pilots are, I find, a lot
             | more frequently 'fast and loose' compared to other areas,
             | even English-speaking ones. Countless recordings online of
             | EALD pilots being befuddled by some self-identified hotshot
             | air traffic controller using overly casual / sloppy
             | language, sometimes resulting in near misses or worse.
        
           | 83457 wrote:
           | Any takeaways from this? ATC not responding with separation
           | but Blackhawk continuing anyway?
        
       | johnneville wrote:
       | appears to have collided with a helicopter
        
       | lysace wrote:
       | A CRJ700 crashing into a Black Hawk sounds _bad_. : /
       | 
       | FR24 shows helicopters from various agencies doing many laps
       | around the site, presumably looking for survivors.
       | 
       | https://i.imgur.com/SykzxUA.png
        
         | pbronez wrote:
         | On the ATC radio archive you can hear the tower asking aircraft
         | if they have lights, can the circle over the east side of the
         | field to help locate survivors
        
       | nradov wrote:
       | Obviously it will take some time for the full accident analysis
       | but there have been quite a few near misses lately due to air
       | traffic controller errors. Flight volume has been growing,
       | airspace near airports is more congested, and controllers are
       | overworked. Eventually all of the "Swiss cheese" holes line up.
       | We're going to need to hire more controllers.
       | 
       | Also, it appears that one of the aircraft was a military (not
       | police) H-60 Blackhawk helicopter.
        
         | ghc wrote:
         | > In addition, the White House has put a hiring freeze in
         | place, prohibiting the replacement of open government positions
         | or the creation of new ones while the administration evaluates
         | reductions in the workforce. The White House plans to release a
         | memorandum with further guidance within 90 days. This has drawn
         | criticism from lawmakers as the FAA has been ramping up
         | controller hiring.
         | 
         | https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-transport/2025-0...
        
           | smitty1110 wrote:
           | To quote the order itself:
           | 
           | > This order does not apply to military personnel of the
           | armed forces or to positions related to immigration
           | enforcement, national security, or public safety.
           | 
           | ATC surely falls under public safety. Additionally, the ATC
           | issues stretch well back into the Biden term, and you can
           | find plenty of articles discussing the controversy elsewhere.
        
             | int0x29 wrote:
             | I get a strong sense that they don't actually know what
             | they cut as they stopped paying to guard ISIL prisoners. I
             | could very easily see ATC getting hit by accident.
             | Generally this administration neither thinks nor plans
             | before acting
             | 
             | https://www.politico.com/newsletters/national-security-
             | daily...
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | That article is propaganda from the same people who
               | brought you the Iraq War. That's exactly the sort of
               | funding spigot we should be stopping so we can figure out
               | what the hell is going on. Why the hell are we paying for
               | prison guards in Syria? At one point CIA backed militias
               | in Syria were fighting DOD backed militias:
               | https://www.latimes.com/world/middleeast/la-fg-cia-
               | pentagon-...
               | 
               | Everyone obviously wants to use critical services as a
               | shield to avoid scrutiny on them. But by all indications
               | the administration was ready to go on day 1, and insofar
               | as stuff is being cut or halted a decision was made to
               | allow that to happen.
        
               | philistine wrote:
               | So the LA Times is not part of the propaganda that
               | brought us the Iraq War? And the US must, must at all
               | cost, stop paying for prison guards to _figure it out_?
               | 
               | There's no other way to just ... figure it out? You know,
               | by studying the situation?
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | I'm begging you to read Manufacturing Consent.
               | 
               | And when has "studying the situation" ever worked to make
               | the government stop wasting money destroying the Middle
               | East? Obama promised to change this stuff, and he
               | couldn't do it, because he innately trusted the same
               | people who made the mistakes to "study" how to fix them.
        
               | philistine wrote:
               | I can't believe you agree with the premise of
               | Manufacturing Consent and the goals of the
               | administration.
               | 
               | They're manufacturing consent to a massive power grab
               | from Congress. The consent to an American King is being
               | manufactured in front of our very eyes.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | I don't know what was going on with Syria, sounds real
               | bad, but your claim about the administration having clear
               | plans they're executing from day 1 is clearly false. This
               | is sourced reporting, not analysis:
               | 
               | https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2025/01/omb-
               | whi...
        
             | allemagne wrote:
             | "Surely"? This is only a few days after a change of
             | administration along with sweeping government changes.
             | Don't you think it's worth asking questions a little more
             | deeply than this?
        
           | joezydeco wrote:
           | Meanwhile, San Carlos Airport (KSQL, near San Francisco) is
           | going ATC-zero on February 1st. The tower will be unstaffed.
           | 
           | https://content.govdelivery.com/accounts/CASMATEO/bulletins/.
           | ..
           | 
           | "The FAA has awarded a new contract for air traffic services
           | at SQL to Robinson Aviation (RVA). However, the contract does
           | not include locality pay to account for the high cost of
           | living in the San Francisco Bay Area. As a result, RVA's
           | employment offers to current SQL controllers were
           | significantly lower than their current compensation under
           | SERCO. Understandably, all current controllers have declined
           | RVA's offers."
           | 
           | "Given that the FAA is ultimately responsible for ensuring
           | air traffic services at SQL, we requested temporary FAA
           | staffing for the tower--a solution currently being
           | implemented at Eagle Airport in Colorado during its
           | transition from SERCO to RVA. However, the FAA informed us
           | this morning that they will not provide temporary personnel
           | for SQL"
        
             | jonathanlb wrote:
             | Honest question: are air traffic controllers at risk for
             | being replaced with AI systems? My initial thought is no,
             | there is too much complexity, but AI could help ease the
             | load. I'm not really informed about air traffic systems,
             | just curious.
        
               | joezydeco wrote:
               | The FAA adopts new technologies at a glacial pace, for
               | good reason. But AI has been mentioned in the planning of
               | the next generation of ATC.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_Wide_Information_Man
               | age...
               | 
               | https://www.faa.gov/air_traffic/flight_info/aeronav/atiec
               | /me...
        
               | unsnap_biceps wrote:
               | Perhaps some day, I would hope that we make a lot of
               | progress before we look towards the current form of AI in
               | such a critical spot.
        
               | droopyEyelids wrote:
               | What kind of ai are you talking about? The non
               | deterministic black box LLMs we have now?
        
               | jonathanlb wrote:
               | Of course not LLMs, but approaches using mixed integer
               | programming, genetic algorithms, and/or simulated
               | annealing.
        
               | whatwhaaaaat wrote:
               | Are these new products from Rockwell automation?
        
               | kristjansson wrote:
               | Oh, algorithms, they should have thought of those.
        
               | CamperBob2 wrote:
               | The kind that could land an atomic-powered vehicle on
               | Mars, eight light-minutes from human contact? In 2012?
               | 
               | It's utterly ridiculous to expect humans to do this job
               | for much longer. It's what computers are _for_.
        
               | justinspace wrote:
               | Gosh, you'd think someone would've thought of this
               | already.
        
               | thowawatp302 wrote:
               | Oh you mean the kind that has no conflicting traffic in
               | 0.5 to 2.5 AU?
        
               | CamperBob2 wrote:
               | Really? There were 3 aircraft involved. Game AI in the
               | 1980s was good enough to handle the amount of
               | "conflicting traffic" involved here. You're arguing in
               | favor of automation, not against it.
               | 
               | For that matter, next time you visit the Bay Area, drop
               | by the CHM in Mountain View and take a look at what SAGE
               | could already do in the 1960s.
        
               | rich_sasha wrote:
               | > ATC please advise, I'm about crash
               | 
               | > Thanks for reaching out! As you probably know, crashing
               | an aeroplane is not generally recommended. There are many
               | factors that may contribute to a crash, such as weather,
               | technical malfunction or human error. Appropriate
               | training, regular maintenance and flight planning are
               | some of the best practices which help minimise the
               | likelihood of a crash. I recommend revisiting these
               | factors. Is there anything else I can help you with
               | today?
        
               | tjohns wrote:
               | No. We use some deterministic automation on the backend
               | for helping with traffic management and rerouting flight
               | paths, but the communication with aircraft is mostly done
               | via voice. Everything happens too fast to insert a
               | keyboard in the middle (*), and voice recognition would
               | be too error prone for something safety critical.
               | 
               | (* CPDLC does allow ATC to send texts to/from larger
               | aircraft, but this is only used for things that aren't
               | time sensitive. Voice is still the primary method of
               | control.)
        
               | hattmall wrote:
               | Why would it need to even be AI? Why not just regular
               | software? Couldn't airplanes just send a message that
               | they want to land and the Air Traffic Control software
               | sees where they are and what other aircraft are around
               | and sends everyone the appropriate messages?
        
               | schoen wrote:
               | The human ATC system is very good at handling exceptions,
               | including various kinds of emergencies, pilot errors, and
               | reasons to prioritize one plane over another. The human
               | controllers also typically have a good understanding of
               | the details of airspace, regulations, policies, aviation
               | customs, and the capabilities of various kinds of
               | aircraft.
               | 
               | So for example, a plane can have a "missed approach and
               | go around" when trying to land. I was once on a plane
               | that did that because of extremely high winds. In that
               | case, the plane that was supposed to be on the ground is
               | suddenly climbing again and is going to need to turn in
               | order to repeat the approach.
               | 
               | A plane can have a medical emergency onboard, so it needs
               | to land at an unexpected airport, possibly faster than a
               | normal landing, or starting from a somewhat atypical
               | position. I was once on a plane that did that because
               | someone onboard had a seizure.
               | 
               | A plane can have damage or equipment failures that the
               | pilots find it hard to assess directly, so it needs to
               | fly around for a while to give the pilots time to "run
               | checklists" or perform various tests, or sometimes to let
               | a ground-based observer report on something about the
               | plane (!), or just to develop their intuition about how
               | functional the plane is. It might then need to land at an
               | unintended airport or return unexpectedly to its takeoff
               | airport. I was once on a plane that did that because of
               | bird strikes during departure, where the plane was
               | damaged but the pilots were unsure how seriously.
               | 
               | A pilot might misunderstand something or disobey
               | regulations, and that pilot or another pilot might be
               | told to take some unexpected evasive action to avoid a
               | collision. (This is one area that has been productively
               | automated in some cases via TCAS, where the aircraft
               | themselves can sometimes figure out what an appropriate
               | maneuver would be before a controller tells them one.) I
               | haven't personally experienced that.
               | 
               | There might be another kind of emergency where a runway
               | is closed and a large number of planes need to be
               | diverted (like right after this collision where DCA was
               | abruptly closed).
               | 
               | There might be negotiations with an uncooperative or
               | mentally ill pilot (like the tragic story of Richard
               | Russell in 2018, but also a number of incidents that had
               | happier endings).
               | 
               | Pilots might also negotiate more cooperatively with ATC
               | related to diversions and priority in situations like bad
               | weather, where the airport has less capacity than
               | originally expected and the pilots need to determine
               | whether they will divert to a different airport. In this
               | case the air traffic controllers may talk to different
               | pilots about their fuel levels and other factors that
               | make them better and worse candidates for changing flight
               | plans. En-route (ARTCC/ACC) controllers will also
               | negotiate with pilots about changing altitude to reduce
               | or avoid turbulence.
               | 
               | There are occasionally cases where a pilot is
               | incapacitated and someone with less training and
               | experience needs to be advised remotely on how to land a
               | plane. (This is mostly very small planes but ATC will
               | still ultimately deal with these emergencies.) In that
               | case other planes also need to be kept away from the
               | incident aircraft and maybe diverted elsewhere.
               | 
               | Specifically for takeoff and landing, there are often
               | multiple planes using the same runway (for takeoff,
               | landing, or both) in relatively quick succession, or
               | possibly using runways that cross each other. In this
               | case, a controller needs to keep an eye on how quickly
               | pilots have (or haven't) complied with specific
               | clearances, e.g. to cross a runway on the ground, because
               | the clearances may need to be revoked or modified if they
               | aren't used quickly enough (because of the presence of
               | other aircraft that have _also_ received clearances that
               | will soon start to conflict with the older clearances).
               | This also includes checking whether planes that have
               | landed have vacated the runway expeditiously (since if
               | they haven 't done so, for whatever reason, other planes
               | may soon need to be told to go around).
               | 
               | There are also cases where military or law enforcement
               | authorities may ask or demand to modify normal ATC
               | procedures or clearances because of some special
               | operation or problem. The simplest case is that they
               | might ask to prioritize a government aircraft over
               | civilian flights for some reason, or ask certain other
               | operations to stop e.g. during a takeoff or landing of
               | Air Force One. (I just watched this a few days ago with
               | an Air Force One departure from Las Vegas, where other
               | departures and landings were temporarily but briefly
               | suspended. So that had to be planned and communicated to
               | various pilots, some of whom then had follow-up questions
               | about what they were or weren't allowed to do.)
               | 
               | Pilots are also considered to have ultimate
               | responsibility for the safety of their flights and
               | passengers, and they can also refuse some ATC
               | instructions, or deviate from some normal procedures, in
               | emergencies. So for example, a controller might believe
               | it's safe to land in certain weather conditions and might
               | give a pilot a certain clearance, but the pilot might not
               | feel up to completing the landing and might then refuse
               | to do so. The controller will have to understand the
               | pilot's intentions as best as possible, and deal with the
               | consequences of those intentions (e.g., once again,
               | keeping other planes out of the way, or trying to find a
               | new routing that the pilot will be willing to accept).
               | 
               | ATC is also responsible for passing some kinds of
               | information to and from other parties, like in case of an
               | emergency landing communicating with emergency responders
               | so that they understand the nature of the emergency and
               | whatever facts will help them respond more effectively.
               | And they have to tell other ATC facilities about problems
               | and situations that will affect them, like in-flight
               | emergencies, closed airspace, closed runways, closed
               | airport, etc.
               | 
               | Many of these things can and should be more automated
               | than they are, but humans in these jobs are doing
               | _enormous_ amounts of reasoning, improvisation, and even
               | social negotiation.
               | 
               | (I'm not a pilot or air traffic controller, just a former
               | frequent flyer who liked listening to ATC communications
               | and sometimes listens to liveatc.net when friends'
               | flights are arriving or departing, or watches video
               | recaps of various aviation incidents.)
               | 
               | Edit: Another case that I thought of: during an emergency
               | landing, a pilot might be given either a shorter (more
               | direct) or longer (more indirect) route than usual, in
               | response to the pilot's assessment of which would be
               | safer. The pilot could also be given a longer route than
               | usual in order to have time to "work checklists" in
               | preparation for the landing, or in order to burn off fuel
               | so that the plane will weigh less (and be less likely to
               | cause a huge fire) upon landing.
               | 
               | If some navigation equipment is broken, the ATC facility
               | could help with navigation or with diagnosing the problem
               | (by describing visual landmarks, or by estimating the
               | plane's current speed and heading based on ATC radar).
        
               | justinspace wrote:
               | Because it pays half of Hacker News's salaries.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | Another system could hypothetically exist, but for
               | practical use it is a huge migration issue. There are
               | just too many planes in use that only support voice. The
               | average airplane in general aviation usage is 50 years
               | old.
        
               | stall84 wrote:
               | There's no good excuse, other than cost and training and
               | equipment integration (which are massive costs, i know)
               | for _not_ having some kind of learning or at a minimum
               | high levels of automation in 2025.
        
               | kristjansson wrote:
               | Replaced, no. ATC, at least while we still have human
               | pilots, is a system for instructing, organizing, and
               | responding to humans, with all their flexibility and
               | foible.
               | 
               | Now a copilot e.g. ATC audio parsed by an LLM into
               | intended tracks, requests from traffic, integrated into
               | the scope with projections for future separation etc...
        
               | bobthepanda wrote:
               | The SOTA is augmented ATC displays and digital towers,
               | which basically use object recognition to label planes on
               | cameras, and the controllers sit somewhere else.
               | 
               | Usually this is done for rural airports, where you have
               | one controller potentially managing multiple low traffic
               | airports, and it's tough to get ATC willing to move to
               | remote locations. The only busy airport doing this kind
               | of thing is London City Airport, but that has 3M
               | passengers a year and DCA has 25M. That was motivated by
               | the lack of space at London City Airport, so they
               | demolished the traditional tower to reallocate space.
               | 
               | London City implementation:
               | https://www.nats.aero/news/london-city-is-first-major-
               | airpor...
        
               | rich_sasha wrote:
               | Ages ago, I watched a documentary about ATC that showed a
               | drill involving ATC work under power failure (mains and
               | generator). I'm probably misremembering some details but
               | there were battery-operated radios and little tablets
               | being passed around with scribbled information.
               | 
               | I guess AI can work while the lights are on, but if this
               | is your backstop scenario, you still need the meat ATC
               | controllers, and they really need to know their stuff.
        
               | mapt wrote:
               | Tower systems are the last place in the world you would
               | want a 97% accurate large language model, and the very
               | last place we would culturally tolerate this sort of
               | thing. Innate conservatism is what happens when
               | deviations from perfection lead to collisions, and for
               | the most part "AI" success remains a stochastic matter,
               | gigabyte to terabyte sized tensors that are not human-
               | intelligible. A black box which cannot be readily, safely
               | validated in the real world.
               | 
               | With that said - algorithmic, automated, and digital
               | systems for collision avoidance at the very minimum have
               | and could continue to make ATC jobs significantly easier.
               | The radio voice channel is a particularly low fidelity,
               | low bandwidth way to mete out information and directives.
        
               | sorokod wrote:
               | There will be a list of scenarios competing for that
               | "last place".
               | 
               | Operating rooms, certain military/police situations and
               | self driving cars come to mind. A shared characteristic
               | here is that errors lead to fatal outcomes exacerbated by
               | unclear accountability.
        
               | wbl wrote:
               | Self driving cars are already operating no problem.
        
               | mncharity wrote:
               | Yes, but, as with collision avoidance systems... Years
               | ago a VA thoracic surgeon was trying to find someone to
               | build them a tool to listen in an OR for surgeon commands
               | and team member acks, and if it saw a command without an
               | ack, to nudge. Context is surgeons are both team managers
               | and individual specialists, and when heads down as
               | specialist, the managerial role gets load shed. So a
               | dropped command may not be caught before bad things
               | happen. The VA does OR pickup teams, so there isn't the
               | polished but idiosyncratic load sharing of long-standing
               | teams. And the acks are more formal. He was fine with a
               | high false negative rate (catching anything is good), and
               | a moderate false positive (nudges are low cost). That
               | seems now plausible. Aside from tech maturity, the
               | biggest challenge then envisioned was willingness to be
               | recorded. Though perhaps the real fix is staffing the
               | team management role, but that was above his pay grade.
        
             | cco wrote:
             | Surely the FAA would just shut the airport down in that
             | eventuality, no?
             | 
             | Seems tenable for a GA airport in rural Wyoming but that is
             | far too close to a major hub.
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | > The tower will be unstaffed.
             | 
             | Doesn't that just mean there will be no taxi control? My
             | understanding is that ATC isn't in the tower. The tower
             | staff just give clearances for take-off and directions on
             | which runway to land/take-off. In radio clips, you can hear
             | ATC hand-off a plane to tower.
        
               | nharada wrote:
               | No, ATC here refers to ground and tower controllers. They
               | give taxi, takeoff, landing, and close in maneuvering
               | instructions.
               | 
               | When you say ATC I believe you're thinking of tracon
               | controllers, a level of airspace up from towers who
               | control approach and departures and then hand you off
               | to/from the tower. Above them there's yet another level,
               | center controllers. All of these are ATC though.
        
               | V99 wrote:
               | The "ground" controller manages taxing around the
               | "movement areas" (i.e. taxiways) on the ground. This
               | notably does not include the runways. And it depends how
               | much of the actual ramp and parking area they control
               | (those are sometimes non-movement area and it's the
               | pilots job to not hit anything).
               | 
               | The "tower" controller manages the actual runways, and
               | the airspace within several miles of the airport
               | laterally and a few thousand feet vertically (varying at
               | each airport). This includes sequencing all the planes
               | that want to take off of land there, and everybody
               | maneuvering around that immediate area.
               | 
               | For the large airports that mostly big airliner flights,
               | that sequencing is largely worked out by the approach
               | controllers dozens or hundreds of miles ahead of time. So
               | there's a steady stream of planes following standardized
               | approach procedures at just the right distance apart.
               | 
               | Outside of the ~30 busiest airports in the country
               | though, there is also a lot of general aviation in small
               | planes. They want to transition through that airspace, or
               | do a dozen laps around the "pattern" to practice
               | landings, etc. Even at fairly major airports, there's
               | plenty of GA activity. For example at Burbank, Ontario,
               | John Wayne, Long Beach, San Jose, Oakland, etc in
               | California. It's only really SFO and LAX where that
               | doesn't really happen, because they set fees to shoo the
               | peons away.
               | 
               | SQL is a small but very busy airport that is almost
               | exclusively GA. There are several flight schools there
               | with multiple planes each, and it's sandwiched in
               | complicated airspace between SFO, SJC, OAK, and open bay.
               | 
               | The tower at this kind of airport is doing a delicate
               | dance keeping multiple planes buzzing around in a
               | rectangular pattern all day every day. Some of which are
               | faster than others. Less frequently a larger much faster
               | plane wants to get in or out and they're getting handed
               | off from approach. Helicopters are doing tours and
               | wanting to cross through. And a lot of the people flying
               | are students that are new at this, don't know how to talk
               | or listen on the radio right yet, make mistakes following
               | directions, etc.
               | 
               | With the tower closed, all those people have to
               | coordinate on a party-line radio with each other about
               | where they are, what they're doing, etc to hopefully not
               | hit anyone. So yeah... it's possible, but it's going to
               | be a mess, and that's why tiny airports like this with
               | virtually no commercial passenger service have a tower.
               | 
               | Also if you're leaving the immediate area, someone at the
               | airport (ground, tower, or "clearance delivery",
               | depending) normally will coordinate putting your
               | destination (for visual/VFR flight following) or full
               | route (for IFR/instruemnt) into the ATC systems before
               | you takeoff so that you can talk to the approach
               | controllers once you leave and they can provide you
               | traffic advisories, etc.
               | 
               | With nobody at the tower to do that, you have to "cold
               | call" approach once already airborne. Or if your route
               | allows, just not get flight following at all (and then
               | ATC has no way to reach you). So SQL tower closing will
               | also add to the workload for the SFO/OAK approach area.
        
             | ryandrake wrote:
             | The SQL tower service provided by SERCO already had a poor
             | recent reputation among Bay Area small aircraft pilots,
             | with controller(s) who are obviously overworked/underpaid.
             | You can find plenty of threads about it on forums and on
             | YouTube.
             | 
             | Now they want to go with an even bottomer-of-the-barrel
             | contractor? That's not going to work at all.
        
             | why_at wrote:
             | I've been working towards my private pilot license at San
             | Carlos and I don't know what's going to happen if they
             | can't find someone to do this job. The airport can get very
             | busy sometimes and it seems like it could be dangerous to
             | have nobody working the tower.
             | 
             | I sympathize with the ATC workers though. It's ridiculous
             | that they can't pay them a decent wage for the area,
             | there's only two of them as far as I know.
        
           | Jtsummers wrote:
           | In fairness to the current administration, while the hiring
           | freeze may have impacted ATC hiring, that is not causal here.
           | No one hired last week would have been running things today
           | (if they were hit with the freeze).
        
             | elicash wrote:
             | They were replying to a comment that said "We're going to
             | need to hire more controllers."
             | 
             | So I took their comment to be forward-looking.
             | 
             | It's worth adding that Elon Musk's email that had the
             | supposed "buyout" went to ATC folks -- however management
             | was telling them they'd need to work through their
             | resignation date, regardless, removing the point of it.
             | Then again, Musk denied the buyout will work this way, that
             | agencies can just do whatever they want on this and OPM
             | seems to agree, so who knows.
        
             | sigmar wrote:
             | Someone that was hired weeks or months ago, but scheduled
             | to start last week, could* have been included in the hiring
             | freeze. There's examples here of rescinded offers after
             | doing irs on-boarding: https://www.journalofaccountancy.com
             | /news/2025/jan/executive... (Not that there's information
             | that suggests this caused the incident)
        
               | Jtsummers wrote:
               | That's not what the hiring freeze EO would have done:
               | 
               | https://www.opm.gov/media/zkebfxow/omb-opm-federal-
               | civilian-...
               | 
               | If someone in your scenario had accepted the offer and
               | was going to start last week, they would _not_ have been
               | included in the hiring freeze and would have been able to
               | start.
               | 
               | > Job offers made prior to noon on January 20, 2025, for
               | which the individual has accepted the position and has a
               | designated start date on or before February 8, 2025.
               | Those individuals should report to work according to
               | their respective designated start date.
        
             | insane_dreamer wrote:
             | > not causal here
             | 
             | but it does illustrate the type of future incident that it
             | _could_ be causal of
        
               | Jtsummers wrote:
               | Sure, I didn't say otherwise.
        
               | liontwist wrote:
               | But we don't know what the future of the policy is
               | either.
        
           | rsanek wrote:
           | Wow, a controller can be hired and on the job in less than a
           | week?
        
             | SmellTheGlove wrote:
             | Sure can if they make the right offer to the people that
             | were working there just before they quit due to being
             | lowballed!
        
           | ekianjo wrote:
           | Is there an actual reason why the control tower work can't be
           | fully automated? For train control lights we almost don't
           | rely on human operators anywhere.
        
             | foobarchu wrote:
             | Not an expert but I can't imagine that would go very well.
             | Trains have a single axis of movement that sometimes cross
             | or combines with others. Aircraft have three axes of
             | movement all under human control.
        
             | namirez wrote:
             | How would you deal with all sorts of emergencies involving
             | human pilots? For unmanned aircraft(aka drones) it's a lot
             | easier to implement unmanned traffic management (UTM).
        
               | hattmall wrote:
               | Direct them to land in the best location and make sure
               | all other aircraft are on non-intersecting flight paths.
               | What exactly is ATC doing that software isn't able to?
               | 
               | How many options are there for handling emergencies with
               | aircraft now? You pretty much just have either land ASAP
               | or circle to burn fuel and then land.
        
               | namirez wrote:
               | Obviously you're not a pilot. It might be helpful for you
               | to listen to a few ATC transcripts of emergency
               | situations.
        
               | AuryGlenz wrote:
               | It does seem like the routine could be automated more,
               | no?
        
               | justinspace wrote:
               | "You pretty much just..."
               | 
               | Ah, there it is. "How hard could coordinating takeoff and
               | landing for thousands of flights be? You just..."
        
             | stouset wrote:
             | Trains run on fixed tracks with fixed intersections, and
             | one track might see a handful of them per day.
             | 
             | Planes around airports come in from all directions in three
             | dimensions, and there can be hundreds of arrivals per hour.
             | 
             | These are vastly different scales of problem domain.
        
               | DonHopkins wrote:
               | Four Dimensional Navigation, actually! X, Y, Z, plus
               | Time. By incorporating strict time constraints, air
               | traffic controllers can schedule and merge arriving
               | aircraft more precisely, reducing holding patterns and
               | optimizing fuel usage.
               | 
               | https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19750022064/downloads
               | /19...
               | 
               | >4D AREA NAVIGATION SYSTEM DESCRIPTION AND FLIGHT TEST
               | RESULTS
               | 
               | >A 4D area navigation system was designed to guide
               | aircraft along a prespecified flight path (reference
               | path) such that the aircraft would arrive at the approach
               | gate at a time specified by the ATC controller. Key
               | components to achieve this requirement were:
               | 
               | >(1) stored reference trajectories;
               | 
               | >(2) a continuously recomputed capture trajectory to a
               | selected waypoint on the reference trajectory so as to
               | achieve the desired time of arrival;
               | 
               | >(3) electronic situation displays; and (4) a control
               | system to follow the overall trajectory in space and
               | time.
               | 
               | https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19750015477
               | 
               | >Four-dimensional guidance algorithms for aircraft in an
               | air traffic control environment
               | 
               | >Theoretical development and computer implementation of
               | three guidance algorithms are presented. From a small set
               | of input parameters the algorithms generate the ground
               | track, altitude profile, and speed profile required to
               | implement an experimental 4-D guidance system. Given a
               | sequence of waypoints that define a nominal flight path,
               | the first algorithm generates a realistic, flyable ground
               | track consisting of a sequence of straight line segments
               | and circular arcs. Each circular turn is constrained by
               | the minimum turning radius of the aircraft. The ground
               | track and the specified waypoint altitudes are used as
               | inputs to the second algorithm which generates the
               | altitude profile. The altitude profile consists of
               | piecewise constant flight path angle segments, each
               | segment lying within specified upper and lower bounds.
               | The third algorithm generates a feasible speed profile
               | subject to constraints on the rate of change in speed,
               | permissible speed ranges, and effects of wind. Flight
               | path parameters are then combined into a chronological
               | sequence to form the 4-D guidance vectors. These vectors
               | can be used to drive the autopilot/autothrottle of the
               | aircraft so that a 4-D flight path could be tracked
               | completely automatically; or these vectors may be used to
               | drive the flight director and other cockpit displays,
               | thereby enabling the pilot to track a 4-D flight path
               | manually.
               | 
               | https://www.airbus.com/en/newsroom/stories/2020-12-4d-tbo
               | -a-...
               | 
               | >4D-TBO: a new approach to aircraft trajectory prediction
               | 
               | >How four-dimensional trajectory data could contribute to
               | aviation decarbonisation targets
               | 
               | >The real-time transmission of four-dimensional
               | trajectory data has the incredible potential to greatly
               | improve an aircraft's trajectory prediction. By reducing
               | the inaccuracy of current air traffic management (ATM)
               | prediction models by approximately 30-40%, the Trajectory
               | Based Operations in 4 Dimensions (4D-TBO) project is
               | helping to pave the way to a more sustainable management
               | of tomorrow's air traffic.
               | 
               | https://skybrary.aero/articles/4d-trajectory-concept
               | 
               | >The 4D trajectory of an aircraft consists of the three
               | spatial dimensions plus time as a fourth dimension. This
               | means that any delay is in fact a distortion of the
               | trajectory as much as a level change or a change of the
               | horizontal position. Tactical interventions by air
               | traffic controllers rarely take into account the effect
               | on the trajectory as a whole due to the relatively short
               | look-ahead time (in the order of 20 minutes or so).
               | 
               | >The implementation of 4D trajectory management is being
               | researched by SESAR (Single European Sky ATM Research) in
               | the EU and NextGen in the US.
               | 
               | >The 4D trajectory concept is based on the integration of
               | time into the 3D aircraft trajectory. It aims to ensure
               | flight on a practically unrestricted, optimum trajectory
               | for as long as possible in exchange for the aircraft
               | being obliged to meet very accurately an arrival time
               | over a designated point.
        
               | feistypharit wrote:
               | Yes, this multiplies the complexity. When you talk to ATC
               | you always need your tail number and airplane model. Why?
               | Because a landing Cessna 150 is moving at 70mph. An
               | incoming jet is moving at 130mph. And the jet can't just
               | slow down to 70 or it will fall out of the sky. They need
               | to consider aircraft performance in all aspects of
               | planning.
        
               | throwaway2037 wrote:
               | > there can be hundreds of arrivals per hour
               | 
               | I Googled about this. London Heathrow is widely regarded
               | as the busiest two runway airport in the world. They
               | allow less than 50 arrival per hour. Are there any
               | airports in the world that can have "hundreds of arrivals
               | per hour"? Conservatively, 200 can be considered
               | "hundreds", then you would need 8x runways operating at
               | max capacity. That seems hard to imagine. Google also
               | tells me that Atlanta (normally the business airport in
               | the US) can handle about 250 "operations" per hour, so
               | let's say half for arrivals.
               | 
               | Serious question: Why is 3D such a hard problem for
               | modern computers? I could imagine a plane enters a
               | cylinder of airspace near the airport and automatically
               | communicates by radio waves information about itself.
               | Then, HAL9000 can provide guidance as a landing plan.
        
               | refulgentis wrote:
               | > Serious question: Why is 3D such a hard problem for
               | modern computers? I could imagine a plane enters a
               | cylinder of airspace near the airport and automatically
               | communicates by radio waves information about itself.
               | Then, HAL9000 can provide guidance as a landing plan.
               | 
               | Maybe I'm getting older. Maybe it is a more modern
               | phenomena, enabled by a steady diet of 30 second videos.
               | 
               | Either way, I'm quite disturbed, regularly, recently, by
               | the # of people who breezily stumble through quarter-
               | baked thoughts while speaking dismissively, as if they've
               | covered the surface of a complex _universe_ that has been
               | worked on very many smart people for decades, and _now_
               | we can get to the real singular problem that 'd fix
               | everything, the one thing they've identified.
               | 
               | I don't even know where to begin trying to interlocute
               | when the starting premise is "3D is hard for modern
               | computers."
               | 
               | So I speak straightforwardly, in a way that I wish
               | wouldn't be seen as rude, but it is.
               | 
               | So it goes.
               | 
               | You're right about the arrivals, but you missed the
               | forest for the trees in the comment you're replying to.
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | You're reading into it too much. It wasn't dismissive.
               | 
               | And the framing of "3d" is a reasonable followup to the
               | train comparison.
        
               | refulgentis wrote:
               | Well, if it wasn't, it certainly is now! ;)
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | ?? I have no idea what this means.
               | 
               | Are you implying your reply would make the previous post
               | _become_ dismissive?
        
               | refulgentis wrote:
               | "It" is an indefinite pronoun, meaning, "it" is by
               | definition unclear to anyone but the speaker.
               | 
               | Here, "it" means "your involvement in this discussion"
               | 
               | To put it a bit more plainly, and apologies if it is hard
               | to hear currently, I'd find this very helpful to hear
               | this if I were you:
               | 
               | - The first comment was objectively, straightforwardly,
               | dismissive. You questioned one statistic, then ignored
               | the thrust of the comment and the comments leading up to
               | it, instead framing the difficulty as "modern computers
               | have a hard time with 3D", eliding the main point
               | communicated.
               | 
               | - You then replied to my comment to tell me I'm wrong, it
               | wasn't dismissive. This is also, in itself, dismissive. I
               | had already fisked you, and I felt bad, so I didn't want
               | to get overly literal and criticize you roughly again, in
               | front of a crowd, so soon. So, I choose to keep it brief,
               | rely on your ability to recognize the irony in your reply
               | being dismissive in telling me the original comment
               | wasn't dismissive, especially when combined with the
               | wink.
               | 
               | To be hyper clear, it's...unusual...when communicating
               | with others to ignore most of what they just said and
               | fixate on one illustrative part of what they said, then
               | when told you were being dismissive, to just say "I
               | wasn't being dismissive" and put the burden on the
               | listener. It's so unusual as to be objectively amusing.
               | 
               | You certainly did not _mean_ to be dismissive, but you
               | were. I sympathize with the reflex, I am 100% sure I 've
               | made many similar errors in my own journey, probably more
               | than you ever have and will. It is a problem area for me.
               | 
               | With humility, I'd humbly suggest that when given
               | feedback, rather than briefly asserting the feedback is
               | incorrect, you come with curiosity and ask why it came
               | off that way.
               | 
               | Given their answer, you'll be able to tell _very_ quickly
               | if the person is having a bad day /picking on you, or if
               | you were unclear.
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | I'm a different person from the guy you originally called
               | dismissive.
               | 
               | Your advice would make sense if I was the same person,
               | but if I was the same person I would have responded very
               | differently to the criticism. I gave a brief reply
               | _because_ I 'm a third party.
        
               | refulgentis wrote:
               | Aha! Glad we cleared that up :)
        
               | kristjansson wrote:
               | We've built good enough systems that lots of people have
               | never had engage with the complexity of reality?
        
               | refulgentis wrote:
               | Great, concise, thought that wraps together some of my
               | other bugaboos. Will be stealing it for many years to
               | come :)
        
               | rtpg wrote:
               | I think the 3D part is fine, it's more "all of physics"
               | coming into play with a plane. Like bird strikes, engine
               | failures, trying to decide how to handle that. What is
               | the loss function the AI is supposed to apply if an
               | emergency landing is needed?
               | 
               | And then if you have people flying the planes, you have
               | to deal with people mostly _but not always_ doing the
               | right thing. So now you build out a plan and have to deal
               | with consequences of that.
               | 
               | So at the end of the day you're still looking at
               | funneling humans into a thing. At worst you could
               | consider ATC as "customer support", there to press
               | buttons on machines to actually handle a bunch of
               | logistics because the pilots need to figure things out.
               | 
               | On top of all of this, airports are trying to get through
               | a lot of flights quickly. So people can make snap
               | judgements about whether planes can or cannot advance,
               | what they should do, etc. No matter how well your plan
               | is, the instant a pilot mishears something it's over.
               | 
               | If we can figure out self-driving cars, maybe we can talk
               | about replacing pilots with AIs. But in the meantime
               | there's somebody not following the plan often enough.
               | 
               | This does lead to an interesting question for me, though:
               | what is the biggest "human movement" system that is
               | actually entirely hands-off logistics? I would imagine
               | that postal service companies are doing a lot but every
               | major person moving operation seems pretty hands-on from
               | the outside.
        
               | jon-wood wrote:
               | > If we can figure out self-driving cars, maybe we can
               | talk about replacing pilots with AIs.
               | 
               | There's currently a human in the loop at almost all times
               | but a great many planes are already self-flying.
               | Autopilots are a thing, and have been for decades. Modern
               | airliners routinely land themselves, and Garmin have
               | developed an emergency landing system for general
               | aviation aircraft which can handle everything including
               | selecting an airport and communicating with ATC in the
               | case of the pilot being incapacitated.
               | 
               | In many ways a self-piloting plane is an easier problem
               | to solve than self-driving cars. Every plane has (or will
               | have in the near future) a beacon on it transmitting it's
               | location to every other plane around it to allow
               | collision avoidance, and the procedure for getting from
               | one major airport to another is pretty much prescribed in
               | the form of standard departures, arrivals, and airways.
               | The big difference of course is that if a car on the road
               | breaks down and the AI can't handle it then the car can
               | just stop, and baring someone not noticing and plowing
               | into the back of them everyone will be fine, while if
               | that happens in a plane it's a matter of time until the
               | thing falls out of the sky killing everyone on board.
        
               | kristjansson wrote:
               | The happy path is easy, as you imagine. It's all the
               | other imaginable and unimaginable paths, each unhappy in
               | their own way...
               | 
               | Oh and thousands of lives hang in the literal balance
        
               | matwood wrote:
               | It's not _just_ a 3D problem. It 's all of the management
               | in the air and on the ground. Could a computer eventually
               | do it autonomously? I would think eventually, but the
               | problem is handling exceptions. The Navy has been
               | experimenting for years with a digital replacement of
               | their Ouija board analog flight deck management tool for
               | carriers [1]. And even then, people are still making most
               | of the decisions.
               | 
               | And ATL is a crazy busy airport (there's an old doc on
               | Netflix I think which is interesting). To confirm your
               | question, ATL can run 5 runways nearly continuously[2].
               | It would be interesting to know what they peak at during
               | a busy Monday morning, but my guess is they are more
               | constrained by gate space at this point.
               | 
               | [1] https://newatlas.com/us-navy-ouija-board/50087/ [2]
               | https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/business-
               | econom...
        
               | stouset wrote:
               | I should have said "arrivals and departures". KATL has
               | 2,100-2,700 arrivals and departures per day. Even if we
               | assume those are equally spaced throughout the day (they
               | aren't) we're over 100/hour.
               | 
               | But sure. It's a mild exaggeration. It still doesn't
               | change the core point.
               | 
               | 3D isn't just "magically hard" for computers, but the
               | process for routing traffic is _wildly complex_ and a
               | bunch of planes arriving and leaving at semi-random
               | times, directions, and with different requirements and
               | capabilities is where the problem _starts_ not finishes.
               | 
               | The happy path is relatively easy. The exceptions are
               | innumerable.
        
               | sofixa wrote:
               | > one track might see a handful of them per day.
               | 
               | In the middle of nowhere. A metro track can have a train
               | every 60s.
               | 
               | But it's still entirely fixed, with easy to deploy
               | sensors on both the tracks and trains.
        
             | LeafItAlone wrote:
             | > For train control lights we almost don't rely on human
             | operators anywhere.
             | 
             | Trains are on tracks. They basically move in one dimension.
             | And the tracks can have (near) contact-based sensors along
             | the way where the exact distance is known. (And in the US,
             | there still is human conducting in a lot of the US)
             | 
             | That's a very different problem space than the three
             | dimension, unattached, space that air traffic moves in.
        
             | randerson wrote:
             | The problem space is too broad.
             | 
             | E.g. On 9/11 ATC had to land almost 3000 planes in 1 hour.
             | I'm not sure if that sort of national coordinated grounding
             | is part of ATC training, but it's certainly not something
             | I'd want to leave to some code that has never needed to run
             | in production before.
        
               | hattmall wrote:
               | It just seems like software could pretty easily compute
               | non-intersecting flight paths for all planes and assign
               | them accordingly. As well it could real time monitor all
               | trajectories and continue to give out the updated flight
               | paths. I don't see why you also couldn't run a trillion
               | tests using real and simulated flight data to make sure
               | it works well.
        
               | qazxcvbnmlp wrote:
               | Because right now airplanes are flown by humans. A large
               | part of atcs jobs is dealing with humans. Not every pilot
               | will be able to fly the optimum flight path.
        
               | YZF wrote:
               | Air traffic control has a lot more things to deal with.
               | There are scenarios like runway closed and all traffic
               | has to be diverted. Loss of communication. Various
               | emergencies. Weather changes. It's not just a question of
               | 3D motion planning. Controllers in the tower also use
               | their eyes.
               | 
               | In your imaginary system how is the software "tower"
               | communicating with airplanes, using voice? I don't think
               | we even have software that can reliably decode the
               | variety of human voices over radio that a controller can
               | respond to.
               | 
               | One can imagine a digital protocol to all airplanes but
               | technology works its way really slowly into aviation.
        
               | hattmall wrote:
               | Yes, it would require a piece of hardware, but that seems
               | easy to regulate and wouldn't need to be very expensive
               | certainly not in relation to the costs of owning and
               | operating an airplane.
        
               | mplanchard wrote:
               | Seems like you've stumbled onto a very obvious solution
               | that would be easy to implement and that no one else has
               | ever managed to see, but which would totally
               | revolutionize the airline industry. Time to start a
               | business!
        
             | SeptiumMMX wrote:
             | Because things can go from routine to multiple simultaneous
             | life-threatening failures very quickly. Something like one
             | flight declaring a mayday while another one just lost
             | communication, all while the radar just started glitching
             | in a weird way. Human intuition and common sense can sort
             | it out. Deterministic algorithms would not.
        
             | stall84 wrote:
             | not a bad question honestly.. I'd want some highly skilled
             | humans there monitoring things but, yes. The air traffic
             | control system of the US is absolutely incredibly amazing,
             | but their entire mission, technology and equipment used to
             | accomplish that mission, etc need to be reviewed, maybe
             | rebuilt to be even safer.
        
             | justinspace wrote:
             | I mean this sincerely. What is more likely: that we've
             | spent several decades ignoring very real automation
             | solutions to this problem, or that it's a really, really
             | hard problem that could get people killed?
        
             | kristjansson wrote:
             | Positive Train Control has been a big fight too.
        
             | thowawatp302 wrote:
             | Weather. How often do weather events change the entire
             | traffic flow into a train station?
             | 
             | I've heard ATC swap landing and takeoff directions in the
             | space of 10 minutes because of weather
        
           | rayiner wrote:
           | https://www.govexec.com/workforce/2025/01/broad-
           | exemptions-t...
           | 
           | > President Trump signed an executive order instituting the
           | freeze on Monday shortly after his inauguration, but allowed
           | for exceptions for positions related to immigration
           | enforcement, national security or public safety.
           | 
           | Important to read the details! There will be lots of
           | misinformation as people invoke the minority of critical jobs
           | as cover to defend the less critical ones.
        
         | AngryData wrote:
         | And we also did make it basically impossible for ATC workers to
         | strike, so its not like the ATC workers could have said "fix
         | this shit so people don't die or we will strike" because they
         | can't really and anyone who says it anyways alone is going to
         | be given the boot and blacklisted from the job. Not to mention
         | the amount of training and effort needed to become one in the
         | first place with basically zero job security or recourse if you
         | make the wrong person angry.
        
         | NaOH wrote:
         | Hiring controllers is not easy. A friend's daughter just went
         | through the hiring process. She graduated from college with an
         | appropriate degree right as COVID hit. Her FAA application
         | wasn't accepted for four years.
         | 
         | This past summer she did the four-week interactive online
         | courses. Applicants must pass this and may not re-enter the
         | program if they do not. After that she did the six-week courses
         | in Oklahoma City. Again, applicants must pass this and may not
         | re-enter the program if they do not. She passed. Only half her
         | class of 20 passed. In the prior class, only 4 of 15 passed.
         | 
         | She declined the position when they could not offer a position
         | within reasonable proximity of her family. She, too, may not
         | re-enter the program. On top of all that, the program has
         | strict age requirements because there's a mandatory retirement
         | age (55, I believe).
         | 
         | There isn't a large pool of applicants and the percentage of
         | successful ones is not high. Considering the amount of lives on
         | the line, it's understandable the hiring criteria is strict.
         | All told, it's not an easy position to fill and even explicit
         | efforts to increase the number of applicants will take years.
         | Just like many other skilled fields.
        
           | insane_dreamer wrote:
           | > appropriate degree
           | 
           | what's considered an appropriate degree for ATC?
        
             | NaOH wrote:
             | In her case it was a Bachelors in Aviation and Aerospace
             | Science with an Air Traffic Control Concentration. There
             | may be other programs or concentrations which are
             | acceptable.
        
               | insane_dreamer wrote:
               | Since the chances of landing an ATC job are so slim with
               | the degree, what kind of job options does that degree
               | afford you? What kind of job did she end up taking (or
               | doing while waiting on the FAA)?
        
               | NaOH wrote:
               | While waiting for the FAA and since declining the ATC
               | position she's worked at her family's auto repair shop.
               | Pre-FAA she did repair work and for the last few months
               | since returning she's more on the management side. She
               | hasn't yet decided if the family business or something
               | else is the career she wants.
        
               | kristjansson wrote:
               | > Bachelors in Aviation and Aerospace Science with an Air
               | Traffic Control Concentration
               | 
               | I'm not that far removed from my time in college, but I'm
               | shocked by the specificity of that.
        
               | NaOH wrote:
               | Here's the FAA overview of what the agency calls the Air
               | Traffic-Collegiate Training Initiative (AT-CTI) Program:
               | 
               | https://www.faa.gov/jobs/students/schools
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | No college degree is officially required. Candidates with
             | aviation related degrees probably have a better chance of
             | making it through. But there are plenty of working
             | controllers who have only a high school diploma or learned
             | the job as enlisted military personnel.
             | 
             | "Have either one year of general work experience or four
             | years of education leading to a bachelor's degree, or a
             | combination of both"
             | 
             | https://www.faa.gov/be-atc
        
           | kbaker wrote:
           | Another problem is the maximum entry age for the ATC school -
           | if you are over the age of 31 you can't apply.
        
           | UltraSane wrote:
           | Not being allowed to re-enter the program is just insane.
        
             | perihelions wrote:
             | Isn't it a reasonable filter? I'd (naively) assume that all
             | things being equal, a person who passes a test on the first
             | attempt, is more likely to have a higher innate ability
             | than one who doesn't.
             | 
             | Is this wrong?
        
               | UltraSane wrote:
               | Imagine if they only let people take the bar exam once.
        
               | michaelt wrote:
               | That depends on the test, and the training surrounding
               | it.
               | 
               | If I'm hiring for a job where there's a strict
               | requirement to be 6 feet tall and there's nothing
               | candidates can do to get taller - then once you've
               | measured under 6 feet there's no point in re-testing you.
               | 
               | If I'm hiring for a job where there's a strict
               | requirement that you be able to lift a 90 lbs weight, a
               | lot of people will fail - but if they hit the gym, in a
               | month or two they'll be able to pass easily.
               | 
               | If I'm hiring for a job where there's a strict
               | requirement that you be able to lift a 90 lbs weight, but
               | before the test every applicant goes through a 6 month
               | strength training program, so we test them at absolute
               | peak strength? Re-testing would be a waste of time,
               | except in a few cases like if someone had a loved one die
               | just before the final test.
               | 
               | If I'm hiring for a job with a written test, the test
               | draws a random selection of questions from a question
               | bank, and some questions are much easier than others?
               | There might be a substantial random element to the
               | results. If re-testing people produces substantially
               | different scores, probably that indicates I need to
               | improve the design of my test.
        
             | fernandopj wrote:
             | Indeed. Imagine if prospect lawyers were prevented from
             | retaking the bar exam.
        
               | RandomBacon wrote:
               | ATC doesn't get to redo traffic flying in the air.
        
             | pirate787 wrote:
             | The program needs to have high standards and I imagine some
             | of the reasons for failing are related to ability under
             | pressure.
        
               | UltraSane wrote:
               | Imagine if they only let people take the bar exam once.
        
               | RandomBacon wrote:
               | While missing a comma can have great impact, it isn't the
               | same as missing traffic, and ATC doesn't have the luxury
               | of rough drafts.
        
             | kemayo wrote:
             | Particularly not for the last reason mentioned -- declining
             | an offered position because it's not in a place you want to
             | live.
        
           | mplanchard wrote:
           | In addition, ATC is not allowed to go on strike, limiting the
           | degree to which they can bargain for better working
           | conditions, pay, etc.
        
             | xienze wrote:
             | Then why is there an ATC union if, apparently, it can't
             | affect any change?
        
               | mplanchard wrote:
               | Union predates the legal ban on striking, and still
               | represents employees, even though their actual power has
               | been significantly neutered.
        
               | RandomBacon wrote:
               | There is a law that the govt has to negotiate in good
               | faith. Presumably while they could say "no" to
               | everything, it would be hard to prove that was "good
               | faith" if the union takes them to court.
        
               | kristjansson wrote:
               | The ATC union has some unique history [1]
               | 
               | [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1981_Professional_Air_
               | Traffic_...
        
           | datadrivenangel wrote:
           | And current controllers are often working 60-70+ weeks
           | because of the understaffing...
        
           | throwaway36482 wrote:
           | Their candidate success rate would probably be higher if they
           | weren't rejecting the vast majority of their most-qualified
           | applicants for reasons that are clearly pretextual:
           | https://www.tracingwoodgrains.com/p/the-faas-hiring-
           | scandal-...
        
             | tristor wrote:
             | That's shocking and disturbing, and is pretty much a
             | textbook example of exactly the type of thing opponents to
             | DEI have been referring to for how DEI and Affirmative
             | Action result in a lowering of the bar. They explicitly
             | structured things so that ATC hiring was pre-restricted for
             | non-cognitive (e.g. merit) reasons, and failed out
             | candidates that scored a perfect score on the cognitive
             | test on the basis of their demographics (they weren't
             | minorities).
        
               | talldayo wrote:
               | ATC (as well as most government jobs) are a real case of
               | "you get what you pay for". When you bring wages down so
               | low that educated engineers don't want to work your job,
               | your options are to lower the qualifications or leave
               | empty seats.
               | 
               | DEI might have contributed to this, but we wouldn't be
               | hiring unqualified people in the first place if America
               | could naturally compete for talent. The lesson learned
               | seems to be less about the dangers of diversity and more
               | about how the feds aren't paying the industry rate for
               | professionals.
        
               | tristor wrote:
               | Did you read the link that I replied to? Because in that
               | link, what I am responding to, it EXPLICITLY says that
               | the FAA changed the ATC selection process to exclude
               | candidates based on demographics (being not diverse)
               | regardless of their aptitude as tested using a
               | standardized and validated cognitive assessment. These
               | were candidates who had already completed multiple years
               | of schooling and explicitly wanted to be ATCs, so you are
               | talking about a pipeline problem which may or may not
               | exist but is irrelevant to the article I am responding to
               | in the link above my comment.
               | 
               | Per that article, candidates who accepted the pay terms
               | and wanted to become ATCs were /rejected/ explicitly
               | because they were not minorities or otherwise able to
               | produce a biographical or demographic reason for
               | acceptance, even when they scored a perfect score on the
               | standardized aptitude assessment.
               | 
               | If you have something to refute the article the person
               | above me linked, I'd love to see it because I'm
               | incredibly disappointed in what I read about in that
               | article.
        
               | gamblor956 wrote:
               | No, you read a link that says people suing the FAA
               | _claim_ the FAA didn 't hire qualified candidates on
               | diversity.
               | 
               | Except that none of the plaintiffs in the lawsuit
               | actually bothered to apply for jobs with the FAA (see
               | this blog post from their own legal team crowing about
               | winning a procedural matter over whether they had
               | standing to sue given that they never applied for a job
               | and thus were never actually rejected by the FAA
               | https://mslegal.org/press-releases/mslf-prevails-over-
               | faas-a... )...
               | 
               | What actually happened was that the FAA invalidated a
               | bunch of AT-SAT[1] scores to align with its new diversity
               | policy, and a bunch of people who barely passed the first
               | time didn't want to re-take the test again and risk
               | failing. So they did the American thing and sued instead.
               | 
               | The FAA has not rejected qualified candidates on the
               | grounds of "diversity." And at any rate, the controller
               | in the DC tower last night was hired during the Trump
               | administration and the Blackhawk pilot that caused the
               | crash wasn't the kind of candidate who would have been
               | selected on DEI grounds...
               | 
               | [1] it's like the SAT, but for controller jobs instead of
               | college admissions
        
               | tristor wrote:
               | Perhaps I misunderstood something, but it seems those
               | claims were supported by the evidence of multiple
               | internal memos retrieved via discovery. Another commenter
               | points out that this practice ended in 2018 due to
               | Congress making it illegal, but prior that the FAA had
               | been issuing a biographical assessment as a basis for
               | hiring decisions, exactly as stated in the article.
               | 
               | Your own link has the court opinion confirming my
               | understanding of the article. The fact they won the case
               | on procedural grounds is not relevant to the fact the
               | court is opining in the case that the evidence supports a
               | conclusion that the FAA discriminated against "non-
               | diverse" candidates who were otherwise qualified.
               | 
               | I think we can all agree that for a role like ATC, the
               | most important thing is that candidates are competent and
               | capable, because it is literally life or death. I have
               | the strong belief that minority candidates are also
               | competent and capable, so discriminatory against "non-
               | diverse" candidates is reprehensible in the strongest
               | terms. I don't think my position here is unusual,
               | unreasonable, or in any way objectionable, and it turns
               | out Congress agreed and made this practice explicitly
               | illegal.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | Educated engineers generally don't want to work ATC jobs
               | regardless of pay because they're not engineering jobs.
               | Controllers are operators, not engineers. There are some
               | working controllers with engineering degrees, but almost
               | nothing in typical engineering coursework is directly
               | relevant to the job.
        
             | neuronexmachina wrote:
             | It's kind of odd that blog post doesn't mention that the
             | biographical assessment it's talking about was only used
             | between 2014 and 2018.
        
               | abecedarius wrote:
               | It says "In 2016, Congress passed Public Law 114-190,
               | which among other things banned the use of biographical
               | assessments as a first-line hiring tool for air traffic
               | controllers."
        
             | AuryGlenz wrote:
             | Wow.
             | 
             | I thought Trump instantly blaming DEI was ridiculous in
             | this case but I'm somewhat reconsidering.
             | 
             | How much less of a shortage of ATCs would we have now if it
             | wasn't for that debacle?
        
               | talldayo wrote:
               | > How much less of a shortage of ATCs would we have now
               | if it wasn't for that debacle?
               | 
               | Probably not much, considering the biggest constraining
               | factor is pay. For example, San Carlos airport is
               | shutting down ATC entirely because they can't pay
               | _anyone_ enough to live locally to the tower:
               | https://www.kron4.com/news/bay-area/bay-area-airport-
               | losing-...
               | 
               | There would be no problem filling the seats if the
               | compensation was handsome and attractive. But we all know
               | how federal workers are compensated, even when lives are
               | on the line.
        
               | JamesBarney wrote:
               | My understanding is ATCs are pretty well paid. With most
               | making 140-150, and many making up to 200k.
               | 
               | I could see this maybe being an issue in the bay area but
               | outside of that area that pretty good pay.
        
               | NaOH wrote:
               | Starting salary is US $90,000 along with government
               | benefits.
        
           | bradfox2 wrote:
           | This is, justifiably, very similar to nuclear reactor
           | operators. Pay needs to reflect the working conditions to
           | attract more people (it does for reactor operators).
        
         | paulddraper wrote:
         | I believe this happened in DC SFRA, which is a 30-mile radius
         | specially controlled airspace due to the level of traffic and
         | national security interests.
        
       | ceejayoz wrote:
       | Damn. We've avoided a US airliner having a fatal crash since
       | 2009.
        
         | drcode wrote:
         | It's a crazy accomplishment really, unimaginable how safe US
         | commercial airplanes have been in the last two decades
         | 
         | So sad that streak finally ended
        
           | techwizrd wrote:
           | As someone working in aviation safety, this is heartbreaking
           | and awful to watch. The efforts of CAST and ASIAS in reducing
           | aviation safety accidents have been very successful, but of
           | course we still have so much to do.
        
           | whycome wrote:
           | There have been incidents that were just saved by luck (eg
           | losing door in flight). And Too many near misses.
        
             | datadrivenangel wrote:
             | Better a near miss than a catastrophic incident.
        
           | chrismartin wrote:
           | And in such an avoidable way, too.
        
         | idlewords wrote:
         | There was a fatality on a Southwest flight in 2018.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southwest_Airlines_Flight_1380
        
           | okdood64 wrote:
           | > fatal crash
           | 
           | But yes, you're right to point that out.
        
         | ars wrote:
         | Not a US airliner, but in the US: Asiana Airlines Flight 214
        
         | SteveVeilStream wrote:
         | Although Air Canada Flight 759 was far too close for comfort
         | and should be classified as a failure of the system, even if it
         | did not result in an accident.
        
       | readthenotes1 wrote:
       | The video makes it look like the helicopter crashed into the
       | airplane, not the other way around.
        
         | lysace wrote:
         | How do you figure? The videos of the crash that I can find on X
         | just show a small airline light suddenly turning into a low-res
         | explosion. (Edit: ah. yes.)
        
           | unsnap_biceps wrote:
           | there's a dot moving from the left to right that intercepts
           | the airline lights and explodes. I would presume that's the
           | helicopter.
        
           | hindsightbias wrote:
           | Its on final landing. The small light (helicopter) from the
           | left intersects it.
        
           | cryptonector wrote:
           | https://x.com/aletweetsnews/status/1884789306645983319
           | 
           | You see the helo coming from the left on the screen while the
           | airliner appears to be descending. The helo must have gotten
           | in the way (as opposed to catching up from behind). The
           | airliner's lights are unmistakable, so how did the helo pilot
           | not notice them? The airliner's pilots might not have had a
           | chance to notice the helo. Since the helo was crossing an
           | active runway approach the fault has to be with them.
        
             | unsnap_biceps wrote:
             | My only thought is that it's a regional jet, so it's
             | smaller than a "normal" commercial flight. At night, if you
             | expect it to be a big jet and it looks small, you presume
             | it's just further away. I think they saw it, saw it small
             | and presumed they had enough time to make it in front of
             | it.
        
               | pbronez wrote:
               | Maybe, but those smaller aircraft handle tons of flights
               | in and out of DCA. Lots of commuter flights to NYC,
               | Boston, etc.
        
               | theGnuMe wrote:
               | Not many big jets at DCA. Max is typically a 757.
        
             | ghxst wrote:
             | Anyone that can explain what the people on X mean when they
             | comment that it was "intentional"? I'm probably out of the
             | loop but this feels super out of place to me.
             | 
             | These are only a small amount directly from the replies to
             | the tweet you shared, you can find many more if you keep
             | scrolling.
             | 
             | https://x.com/27steph77/status/1884799302947500062
             | https://x.com/Aangtweets/status/1884793609326666014
             | https://x.com/Ray4444444444/status/1884824192308134234
             | https://x.com/OmarGoshTV/status/1884807622588522981
             | https://x.com/Sgt_Mac87/status/1884795428559814968
             | https://x.com/dudeodnv/status/1884796307665203456
             | https://x.com/USBornNRaised/status/1884793041610842420
             | https://x.com/thatcrazytoast1/status/1884797991678034183
        
               | netsharc wrote:
               | Because too Allah-damned-many people are worm-brained
               | conspiracy theorists nowadays: https://archive.is/sS3W1
        
               | jeffhuys wrote:
               | I feel like Q is much more prevalent in discussions here
               | and on reddit than between actual conspiracy theorists...
               | Q didn't start that, it's just part of it. But I do think
               | it shows that we should help people understand more. A
               | lot of secrecy nowadays.
        
               | netsharc wrote:
               | It doesn't have to be connected to QAnon, a lot of people
               | now just jump into "it's a conspiracy, I'm sure of it!"
               | and when they find X and Y and create a connection
               | between the 2, their brain rewards them, even if that
               | connection isn't there in reality. And imagine how
               | exhausting it is for debunkers, when they try to say
               | "you're hallucinating", the conspiracy theorist holds
               | strong to his belief, thinking the debunker doesn't get
               | it or they're part of the lying pack.
               | 
               | > As game designers would expect, it works very well --
               | because when you "figure it out yourself," you own it.
               | You experience the thrill of discovery, the excitement of
               | finding the rabbit hole and tumbling down it. Because you
               | were persuaded to "connect the dots yourself," you can
               | see the absolute logic of it, even if you made it up.
        
               | xboxnolifes wrote:
               | Because everything is intentionally nowadays according to
               | Twitter users. No matter the event.
        
             | wkat4242 wrote:
             | Landing lights are very focused. They're only noticeable if
             | they're pointed towards you (but then they're very bright).
             | They were visible to the camera but perhaps not to the
             | heli.
             | 
             | Of course the plane would have anti-collision lights as
             | well though, those are omnidirectional.
        
       | deadbabe wrote:
       | Gruesome, in a crash like this, if there were any survivors from
       | the impact, the water would likely have finished them off.
        
         | whycome wrote:
         | If they can get out, they have a chance. There was a crash on
         | the Potomac in January 1982 and there were several survivors.
         | The video of the rescue is pretty crazy.
         | 
         | https://www.nbcwashington.com/news/local/from-the-archives-h...
        
           | bfeynman wrote:
           | There was a truck that crashed on bridge right next to
           | lincoln memorial and then veered off roadway into bridge, and
           | both were deceased. Its very cold in DC right now and an
           | airplane crashing is much more catastrophic.
        
             | jauntywundrkind wrote:
             | It was very cold in DC until recently but it's 45degF right
             | now at 11:21. I was walking & biking around in a sports
             | jacket today with a winter coat strapped onto the outside
             | of my bag.
             | 
             | Best wishes to the victims.
        
               | datadrivenangel wrote:
               | Potomac is half frozen still.
        
       | twoparachute45 wrote:
       | It wasn't a police chopper, it was a military VH-60, also known
       | as a "White Hawk" [1]. It's a VIP transport helicopter, the same
       | type that is used to transport the president.
       | 
       | ~The flight track of the helicopter [2] starts at a property in
       | McLean, VA (edited to remove likely inaccurate info)~
       | 
       | The chopper was based out of Fort Belvoir, and based on similar
       | past flight tracks, looks like it probably took off from there
       | too. CNN is reporting that there were 3 soldiers onboard, and no
       | VIPs.
       | 
       | 1: https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikorsky_VH-60N_White_Hawk
       | 
       | 2:
       | https://globe.adsbexchange.com/?icao=ae313d&lat=38.952&lon=-...
        
         | reaperman wrote:
         | [2] shows the helicopter taking off 2 miles away from the old
         | saudi embassy in McLean marked "permanently closed" on google
         | maps. (The current embassy is in DC proper, directly across the
         | river from DCA airport)
         | 
         | I don't think thats strong evidence that it took off from the
         | old Saudi Embassy - thats pretty far away even given your
         | caveat about accuracy.
         | 
         | Edit: it looks to me like the black hawk was coming from
         | somewhere else with its ADS-B turned off entirely, and then
         | turned on ADS-B once it reached the potomac to approach DCA.
         | The first two datapoints of that flight already show it going
         | 110mph, which its unlikely to be able to accelerate to in just
         | 0.2miles after take off.
         | 
         | Edit 2: The route also looks very similar to this flight from
         | 11 days earlier (but reversed in direction):
         | https://www.flightaware.com/live/flight/PAT25 This shows the
         | Blackhawk at 300 feet passing by DCA on what seems like a
         | routine or training flight? I don't know how to look up
         | historical flights to see if this is a commonly-flown route. On
         | that flight, the Black Hawk flew past DCA at 300 feet of
         | altitude, and the last FlightAware data for the American Eagle
         | passenger flight showed 400 feet of altitude.
        
           | twoparachute45 wrote:
           | I didn't say it took off from the old embassy. The flight
           | track starts at the backyard of a house that is currently
           | owned by the embassy. You can see the owner of that property
           | by searching that address here (the site doesn't support a
           | direct link): https://icare.fairfaxcounty.gov/ffxcare/search/
           | commonsearch....
        
             | reaperman wrote:
             | Thank you!
        
               | twoparachute45 wrote:
               | Regarding your edit: that's a good point, but the
               | vertical ascent rate of the chopper at those first few
               | data points shows 400-800 feet per minute, which is
               | consistent with a chopper taking off...'
               | 
               | edit: your second edit makes me think you're right
               | though, tonight's flight track was pretty consistent with
               | the past flight track where it looks like it both took
               | off from and landed at Fort Belvoir.
        
             | dboreham wrote:
             | That house doesn't seem to have enough clearance vs the
             | trees to land a helo. Note that Langley (CIA) is nearby.
        
             | jijji wrote:
             | 811 Lawton St, Mc Lean, VA 22101 Name: SAUDIA ARABIA ROYAL
             | EMBASSY OF, Mailing Address: 8500 HILLTOP RD STE 301 C/O
             | FINANCIAL DIRECTOR FAIRFAX VA 22031 4310
        
           | jetpackjoe wrote:
           | CNN is reporting the helicopter came from Fort Belvoir.
           | 
           | https://www.cnn.com/us/live-news/plane-crash-dca-potomac-
           | was...
        
             | reaperman wrote:
             | The helicopter seems like it is typically stationed at Fort
             | Belvoir. Does "out of Fort Belvoir, Virginia" strictly mean
             | that the helicopter's flight started at Fort Belvoir, or
             | that the helicopter itself is considered to be "out of Fort
             | Belvoir" in a similar manner that LeBron James could be
             | said to be "out of Akron, OH"?
        
           | highcountess wrote:
           | Military flights do not fly ADB hot outside of the DC FRZ. It
           | was also clearly exactly following flight route 4.
           | 
           | There are a few locations in that area it could have been
           | coming from. Anything else would have made no sense flying
           | through the FRZ from/to Belvoir.
        
             | reaperman wrote:
             | What is "flight route 4"?
        
               | matheweis wrote:
               | The FAA publishes supplemental charts specifically for
               | helicopters in areas with high concentrations of
               | helicopter activity: https://www.faa.gov/air_traffic/flig
               | ht_info/aeronav/productc...
               | 
               | Specifically the Baltimore-Washington route chart was
               | relevant for these flights:
               | https://aeronav.faa.gov/visual/10-31-2024/PDFs/Balt-
               | Wash_Hel...
               | 
               | If you find the DCA airport on that chart, you'll find
               | routes 1 and 4 which roughly correspond to the
               | helicopter's flight path.
        
               | Animats wrote:
               | Right.
               | 
               | Helicopter was on Helicopter Route 4, per the map,
               | apparently on course.
               | 
               | Aircraft was on approach to Runway 33, apparently on
               | course.
               | 
               | That helicopter route crosses the approach to runway 33.
               | 
               | That's controlled airspace. How did they both have
               | clearance to be there?
               | 
               | We'll know more tomorrow as all the audio and radar
               | recordings are examined.
        
               | agsnu wrote:
               | They were almost certainly both cleared to maintain
               | visual separation.
        
               | deepersprout wrote:
               | > They were almost certainly both cleared to maintain
               | visual separation.
               | 
               | DCA TWR: PAT25, traffic just south of the Woodrow Bridge,
               | a CRJ, it's 1200 feet setting up for runway 33.
               | 
               | PAT25: PAT25 has the traffic in sight, request visual
               | separation.
               | 
               | DCA TWR: Visual separation approved.
               | 
               | Audio of MID-AIR CRASH into Potomac River:
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CiOybe-NJHk
        
               | hluska wrote:
               | This comment was written by a US Coast Guard helicopter
               | pilot. It gives a lot of information on how the two
               | aircraft should have been able to share the space and
               | some speculation on what went wrong:
               | 
               | https://www.reddit.com/r/aviation/comments/1idba8i/commen
               | t/m...
        
               | Animats wrote:
               | That makes sense.
               | 
               | A helicopter instructor suggests that possibly the
               | helicopter pilots, who were told to go behind an aircraft
               | that was landing, were looking at the _previous_ aircraft
               | that was landing.[1] That 's just speculation at this
               | point.
               | 
               | [1] https://philip.greenspun.com/blog/2025/01/29/reagan-
               | national...
        
               | GoblinSlayer wrote:
               | They could use the car autopilot solution: simply
               | negotiate your coordinates with nearby traffic instead of
               | trying to parse malformed visual data.
        
           | highcountess wrote:
           | That was clearly a training flight
        
             | alistairSH wrote:
             | But does that provide any context? Military pilots perform
             | training flights regularly - it's not necessarily
             | indicative of an inexperienced pilot.
        
           | lovecg wrote:
           | Note that that track is not ADS-B at all. It's triangulated
           | from mode S pings ("MLAT",
           | https://www.flightaware.com/adsb/mlat/). I don't know how
           | accurate these are.
        
           | i_am_proteus wrote:
           | The current embassy is indeed in DC proper, but it isn't
           | directly across the river from DCA.
           | 
           | It's about a mile upriver, near the Watergate.
        
         | jballer wrote:
         | It's a "Gold Top", callsign PAT25
         | 
         | https://helicoptersofdc.com/helicopters/5-us-army-12th-aviat...
        
         | Rantenki wrote:
         | BBC is reporting that the Army has confirmed that it was a
         | UH-60, not a VH-60, ie: not a VIP transport:
         | https://www.bbc.com/news/live/cy7kxx74yxlt?post=asset%3A62b9...
         | 
         | Although it's early on and these communications are often
         | chaotic/inaccurate.
        
           | twoparachute45 wrote:
           | I thought it was a VH-60 given that it was callsign PAT25
           | (PAT is Priority Air Transport and they use the VH-60 for
           | those flights), but if this was a training flight, they may
           | have still used the PAT callsign while flying a UH-60.
        
             | alistairSH wrote:
             | Both are "Black Hawk" airframes, right? The VH-60 variant
             | is just a UH-60 that was build/configured for VIP transport
             | vs the normal UH-60 utility variant.
             | 
             | IE, other than paint, they look the same to a casual
             | observer.
        
         | evil-olive wrote:
         | > The flight track of the helicopter starts at a property in
         | McLean, VA
         | 
         | that's almost certainly not where the flight started, due to
         | intricacies of how this sort of flight tracking works.
         | 
         | if you look at [0] it has tracks of both flights. toggle the
         | right-hand sidebar, if it's not open already, and you'll see a
         | table containing both planes. the helicopter (PAT25) is yellow,
         | the plane (JIA5342) is blue. the legend right below that
         | explains the color-coding - the plane's data came from ADS-B,
         | while the helicopter's data came from multilateration (MLAT).
         | 
         | MLAT [1, 2] works by having multiple ADS-B feeder stations
         | cooperate in real-time and deduce an aircraft's position based
         | on timestamps of when the signal is received. it allows
         | tracking aircraft that only broadcast the more limited Mode S
         | data, instead of the newer and more detailed ADS-B.
         | 
         | because it requires multiple cooperating receivers, the start
         | of the track in suburban McLean does not mean it took off from
         | there. it just means that was the point in its flight where it
         | became visible to enough receivers that MLAT was able to pin
         | down a position.
         | 
         | you can also see this difference just by looking at the tracks
         | - the plane is broadcasting its own position continuously, so
         | its track is nice and smooth. meanwhile the helicopter's flight
         | looks "jagged" in a way that does not match what its actual
         | flight path would have been. this is an artifact of the small
         | errors introduced by MLAT.
         | 
         | 0: https://globe.adsbexchange.com/?icao=ae313d,a97753
         | 
         | 1: https://www.flightaware.com/adsb/mlat/
         | 
         | 2: https://adsbx.discourse.group/t/multilateration-mlat-how-
         | it-...
        
           | amelius wrote:
           | That's a nice website, but from a layman's perspective it
           | seems odd that everybody with an internet connection could
           | have seen the imminent crash except the pilots ...
        
             | nemomarx wrote:
             | once you know to look at those two specific flights it
             | probably gets easier, yeah. if you were looking at
             | everything in the air at the time I think less so?
        
               | amelius wrote:
               | I mean, you can get the data from an API, probably. Then
               | you just write a python script to keep an eye on
               | colliding trajectories.
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | I'm sorry, do you HONESTLY think ATC doesn't do that? ATC
               | was literally mid conversation with the helicopter to
               | deconflict it's path when the collision happened.
               | 
               | What is it with people insisting that the smart people
               | literally tasked with their job somehow have no idea how
               | to do it?
        
           | alistairSH wrote:
           | And just to be clear, the POTUS/super-special VIP transport
           | is run by the USMC out of Quantico[1], a bit further to the
           | south along the Potomac. Belvoir is US Army, and does have
           | VIP heelicopters (obviously), but it's not the same group
           | that lands at the White House.
           | 
           | 1 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMX-1 They have some
           | Ospreys and other things as well, but HMX-1 is the most
           | famous and recognizable.
        
       | reaperman wrote:
       | Does anyone have the flight path for the helicopter? (Tail number
       | PAT25). FlightAware doesn't show it but it might have been
       | tracked by open source ADS-B receivers.
       | 
       | This helicopter was often utilized for VIP transport.
        
         | HeavenFox wrote:
         | https://globe.adsbexchange.com/?icao=ae313d
        
           | chinathrow wrote:
           | Note: This is MLAT, not ADSB-Out data.
           | 
           | https://skybrary.aero/articles/multilateration
        
         | nradov wrote:
         | PAT25 would be a temporary military flight call sign, not a
         | tail number. US military aircraft don't have FAA "N"
         | registration numbers like civilian aircraft do. Military
         | aircraft do have official numbers but those aren't used for ATC
         | or radio communications.
         | 
         | In this particular case it appears that the "PAT" part is an
         | acronym for Priority Air Travel. In other words, it was a VIP
         | transport flight (there may not have been any VIPs actually on
         | board at the time).
        
       | 7thpower wrote:
       | Oh man. I'm in Wichita and am getting a bunch of texts.
       | 
       | Texted my friends that fly that route regularly and most have
       | texted back.
       | 
       | It can all be gone in an instant, tell those you love what they
       | mean to you.
       | 
       | edit: everyone is accounted for
        
         | jeffhuys wrote:
         | > everyone is accounted for
         | 
         | Happy to hear that.
        
       | bryant wrote:
       | Not that being near DC affords me any kind of right to an
       | opinion, but:
       | 
       | Given the uptick in near miss incidents across the US the last
       | few years, this is the kind of incident that should've been
       | entirely avoidable through changes in policy from these past
       | events but is also apparently the only kind that can spur along
       | policy changes. I can see a world where the fault is on the
       | VH-60, but absent more information, it would surprise me less to
       | hear that it's the fault of the tower.
       | 
       | Knowing where AA5342 was in its approach, I see no possibility of
       | the jet being at fault.
       | 
       | https://www.flightaware.com/live/flight/AAL5342
       | 
       | I'm drawing a lot of early conclusions but it's mostly because
       | I'm just not surprised. Angry as someone who flies a bunch, but
       | not surprised.
        
         | unsnap_biceps wrote:
         | Regulations are written in blood, which is why it's such a
         | disservice to indiscriminately tear it all down. We will re-
         | learn the same lessons and people will pay for those lessons
         | with their lives.
        
           | derektank wrote:
           | Some regulations are written and blood but some regulations
           | are written to cover someone's ass and the two should not be
           | treated equally. We shouldn't give equal respect to the
           | Federal Aviation Regulations and to OPM's Qualification
           | Standards for Federal Jobs; doing so deligitamizes the
           | importance of the former.
        
             | unsnap_biceps wrote:
             | That's entirely true. Thank you for the correction. I spoke
             | overly broadly.
        
             | rayiner wrote:
             | If everyone writing regulations were as rigorous as the FAA
             | people wouldn't be clamoring to reduce regulations.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | You mean the same FAA people that allowed Boeing to self
               | certify? The FAA is not spotless. I can only imagine how
               | much worse air travel would be without them, but they are
               | only run by humans trying to work in a political
               | controlled environment.
        
               | craftsman wrote:
               | Congress directed the FAA--by law--to delegate certain
               | aspects of certification to non-FAA entities. This
               | directive was issued by H.R. 302 - FAA Reauthorization
               | Act of 2018, 115th Congress.
        
               | Brybry wrote:
               | Is that the 49 USC 44736 Organization designation
               | authorizations part?[1]
               | 
               | [1] https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-
               | bill/302/...
        
               | craftsman wrote:
               | Yes, the ODAs. I'm not making a value judgement that this
               | is good, bad, or indifferent. I'm just trying to provide
               | factual context to understand when and why the delegation
               | of certain aspects of certification has occurred.
        
               | camgunz wrote:
               | The FAA is pretty bonkers; Rayiner is right here.
               | Besides, what other system beyond "humans trying to work
               | in a political controlled environment" are you advocating
               | here?
        
               | throw0101d wrote:
               | > _You mean the same FAA people that allowed Boeing to
               | self certify?_
               | 
               | Reputation lags reality.
               | 
               | Boeing _used to be_ a product-first organization, and the
               | FAA relied on that. However Boeing changed and put other
               | priorities first and started cutting corners but their
               | reputation was still good. After all, why would Boeing
               | (unlike, say, tobacco) sell products that would kill
               | their customers: it would be against Boeing 's own
               | interests.
               | 
               | In the 1980s and 1990s Boeing could be trusted to have
               | less oversight, but since the 2000s that was no longer
               | true, but no one noticed that. Now everyone recognizes
               | that Boeing needs a babysitter.
        
               | dboreham wrote:
               | > sell products that would kill their customers
               | 
               | Because the company ended up being run by people who had
               | no clue what it takes to not kill your customers.
        
               | krisoft wrote:
               | The existence of all the "FAA: We are not happy until you
               | are not happy" funny t-shirts seems to disagree with that
               | observation.
        
             | randerson wrote:
             | FAA is however an agency that regularly tangles with SpaceX
             | and could be seen as slowing them down. Seems like a
             | conflict of interest for the guy tasked with government
             | efficiency.
        
             | addicted wrote:
             | Why don't you identify all these easily found regulations
             | then?
             | 
             | There's a whole YIMBY movement, for example, that has
             | identified specific regulations that are no longer valid
             | and have made tremendous strides in proving and changing
             | these regulations for almost universally better outcomes.
             | 
             | So where are all these specific regulations that are so
             | terrible and the evidence that they are indeed net
             | negatives.
             | 
             | I absolutely believe such regulations exist. But that's not
             | what these people care about. They simply care about
             | trashing the govt to make it easier to drown, otherwise
             | they would actually act like the YIMBY movement and
             | identify specific regulations and work on changing those.
        
               | WillPostForFood wrote:
               | There was an awful lot of complaining about rolling back
               | regulations in the first Trump term, so maybe the
               | administration does care about it.
               | 
               | https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/climate/trump-
               | envir...
               | 
               | https://www.brookings.edu/articles/tracking-regulatory-
               | chang...
               | 
               | ^^ includes Trump's first term and Biden's term.
        
               | RHSeeger wrote:
               | > Why don't you identify all these easily found
               | regulations then?
               | 
               | That was rude, and didn't at all speak to OP's point.
               | They indicated that not all regulations are equal. Some
               | are important and put into place because people died
               | without them. Others are put into place for less
               | important reasons. And the fact that _some_ regulations
               | were removed doesn't mean that "ones written in blood"
               | necessarily were.
               | 
               | There are definitely regulations out there written by
               | people that have no idea what they are talking about, and
               | that are a net negative on the area(s) they impact. Does
               | that mean we should remove Chesterton's Fence? No. But it
               | does mean that, if you see someone removing a fence, you
               | shouldn't immediately accuse them of causing harm.
        
               | aklemm wrote:
               | Not as rude as ignorant indiscriminate knee-jerk
               | criticism of government work.
        
               | Spooky23 wrote:
               | It's not rude. Making some inane point contrasting FAA
               | regulations to HR rules is a stupid comparison feeding
               | the nihilist attitude that everything is broken, except
               | for what I think.
               | 
               | Air regulations are "written in blood". Nobody claimed
               | that OPM rules about HR were.
        
               | lupusreal wrote:
               | Okay, what blood was the NOAA regulations concerning
               | earth-observing satellites written in? The national
               | security justification is quite flimsy when you remember
               | that China, Russia, etc are not bound to those
               | regulations, only satellites from the US.
        
             | freen wrote:
             | Ooh... which ones?
             | 
             | Classic Edgerton's Fence: If you don't know why someone put
             | up a fence, don't take it down.
        
               | bobnamob wrote:
               | Chesterton's Fence
        
               | freen wrote:
               | Oof. Correct.
        
               | llamaimperative wrote:
               | Typically, the ones that protect me are good, the ones
               | that slow me down are bad. Easy!
        
             | massysett wrote:
             | The latter is how you get a workforce qualified to write
             | the former, rather than a bunch of hacks who know nothing
             | about aviation safety.
        
           | xienze wrote:
           | > Regulations are written in blood, which is why it's such a
           | disservice to indiscriminately tear it all down. We will re-
           | learn the same lessons and people will pay for those lessons
           | with their lives.
           | 
           | And which regulation was eliminated that caused this?
        
             | coddingtonbear wrote:
             | This would, if the system is working, be the blood that
             | future regulations are written in. That these kinds of
             | things happen so rarely came to us at a cost of past lives.
        
               | xienze wrote:
               | OK then, what regulation do you think was missing that
               | could have prevented this
        
               | 0xffff2 wrote:
               | I mean, that's pretty obvious right? It's absolutely
               | insane to have VFR traffic passing through the final
               | approach corridor, especially at night.
        
         | sib301 wrote:
         | I just listened to the ATC recording from immediately before
         | the collision. ATC instructs the helicopter to pass behind the
         | CRJ. I'm fairly certain a few minutes before that, ATC
         | instructed the helicopter to maintain visual separation, which
         | is common. They typically ask, "do you have the aircraft in
         | sight" and if you respond in the affirmative they rely on you
         | to maintain safe distance.
         | 
         | I should mention that in the recording you can only hear one
         | side of the conversation, so I don't know whether or not the
         | helicopter said whether or not they had visual contact with the
         | plane they collided with.
         | 
         | Either way it doesn't seem to be the fault of ATC. Of course
         | we'll know more as additional information becomes available.
        
           | rsanek wrote:
           | Do you want to post a link the recording?
        
             | unsnap_biceps wrote:
             | it's linked in
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42874330
        
           | wyldfire wrote:
           | In the video from the webcam there's another plane which is
           | much easier to see. Could they have asked about "the
           | aircraft" and the helicopter pilot mistook which one they
           | referred to? "yes I can see the plane flying much higher"
        
             | unsnap_biceps wrote:
             | It's possible but generally there's implied context to ATC.
             | ATC would only instruct you to watch out for possible
             | vector interceptions. flying over an approach path, the
             | context would be that you would look for aircraft on
             | approach, not ones in holding or other patterns above.
             | 
             | That said, it's possible they mistook which aircraft to
             | look for, but it's unlikely imho and we will likely never
             | know for sure, as I would presume the pilots are deceased.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | I got a lesson in how ATC works with helicopters up close
               | and personal on a helicopter tour. ATC had the helo pilot
               | hold position while an airplane was on final approach. I
               | asked the pilot why we needed to hold as we could clearly
               | see the aircraft and were to my lack of knowledge on the
               | subject "plenty" far away. (It actually took me a second
               | to locate the airplane as my sense of scale was not
               | expecting the plane to be so small which is part of why I
               | made the assumption we were plenty far away.) That's when
               | the pilot told me we were not in the way of the approach
               | but if the pilot had to declare a miss (or whatever they
               | call it) and climb to circle around. The helo was near
               | the path for the plane on the abort flight path. Once the
               | plane was on the ground, ATC allowed us to continue.
               | 
               | It was my first experience in an aircraft seeing how ATC
               | controlled the airspace directly. Lots of respect to the
               | folks in ATC with a fraction of understanding in just how
               | much they have to deal with other than the obvious take-
               | off/landings.
        
             | mlyle wrote:
             | It's pretty dang easy to misjudge distances and closing
             | rates in a plane or helicopter, _especially_ at night.
        
               | ketanmaheshwari wrote:
               | Is this true for the trained pilots as well?
        
               | sklargh wrote:
               | Yes.
        
               | paulddraper wrote:
               | It's next to impossible to know at night.
               | 
               | The only thing you have visually is direction / angular
               | velocity.
        
               | pfdietz wrote:
               | And if you're on a collision course the other vehicle
               | will appear motionless, with no change in direction.
               | 
               | If the airliners was approaching faster than the
               | helicopter it could have been approaching from behind.
               | How large is the field of view of a UH-60?
        
               | lightedman wrote:
               | "How large is the field of view of a UH-60?"
               | 
               | Massive, you're practically against the glass. Visibility
               | below is more obstructed than visibility above or to the
               | sides.
        
             | throwaheyy wrote:
             | No, that aircraft (having taken off from Reagan, visible in
             | the full not-cropped videos) is close to the Kennedy Center
             | camera but is nowhere near where the CRJ and helicopter
             | were.
        
             | trhway wrote:
             | > easier to see.
             | 
             | One has radars even on recreational boats. That was a
             | military helicopter. At night. It would be hard to believe
             | that it doesn't have nor radar nor IR cameras, and the
             | plane would be lightened up like X-mas tree in both.
        
               | jahewson wrote:
               | Marine radar is trivial compared to air-to-air radar. The
               | Black Hawk, like most aircraft, does not have an air-to-
               | air radar. IR cameras would be completely inappropriate
               | for the situation but night vision goggles are a
               | possibility I guess - though still have all the same
               | drawbacks as using your eyes - you have to look in the
               | right direction and recognise what that small dot is that
               | you're seeing.
        
               | trhway wrote:
               | >Marine radar is trivial compared to air-to-air radar.
               | 
               | like in the case of a boat, the air-to-air radar is still
               | peanuts compare to the cost of the plane/helicopter
               | 
               | >The Black Hawk, like most aircraft, does not have an
               | air-to-air radar.
               | 
               | Pretty surprising for the military. You'd like to know
               | when an enemy fighter or a missile coming for you. And
               | military frequently operates in the territories without
               | any ATC, so you'd like to see even the friendly planes
               | and helicopters too. Say at night over Iraq.
               | 
               | And even without radar - simple ADS-B receiver attached
               | to notebook plotting onto the screen of the notebook
               | would be a great improvement in that situation over DC or
               | anywhere over US.
               | 
               | > IR cameras would be completely inappropriate for the
               | situation ...recognise what that small dot is that you're
               | seeing.
               | 
               | in visual at night you have a sea of city lights with
               | some low flying lights you can easily mistake for ground
               | lights. In IR all those city lights would pretty much
               | disappear, while the plane's engines and exhaust would be
               | a very bright light against very dark background of the
               | sky.
        
           | stall84 wrote:
           | In any event, unless the weather was IMC, where neither
           | aircraft can see because of weather/cloud, which I'm deducing
           | is not the case if they were allowed to maintain visual
           | separation, the ultimate responsibility for maintaining
           | separation is with the pilot(s) .. But as I posted, we should
           | not have this happen anywhere in the United States in 2025 &
           | much less the nation's capital. Hopefully DOT and FAA get to
           | work, but I have a feeling that will be the end of DCA's
           | usefull life as a major passenger airport.
        
             | jfengel wrote:
             | Just so ya know, "get to work" is the opposite of what the
             | federal agencies are being told just at the moment.
             | 
             | I'm sure the accident investigators are very compassionate
             | and dedicated to their jobs, and will do everything they
             | can to resolve this and prevent future accidents. But
             | overall the mood in DC isn't great just at the moment, as
             | everyone is expecting to be fired regardless of their
             | experience and skill.
        
               | jjtheblunt wrote:
               | > everyone is expecting to be fired regardless of their
               | experience and skill.
               | 
               | How do you know this?
        
               | SenHeng wrote:
               | Presumably because Trump just offered an 8month severance
               | package to all fed workers.
               | 
               | https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cnvqe3le3z4o
               | 
               | > _US President Donald Trump has offered federal workers
               | the option to resign and receive pay for eight months, in
               | a major effort to shrink and reform the US government._
        
               | brendoelfrendo wrote:
               | It's not even a buyout. They have to work for those 8
               | months; it's not a severance package.
        
               | Larrikin wrote:
               | There's also no evidence they have the money to pay if
               | the offers were in good faith. Combined with the fact the
               | two people who came up with the idea have a history of
               | deciding not to pay and instead go to the courts to avoid
               | paying
        
               | jrs235 wrote:
               | From what I have seen, if a worker agress to it, they
               | agree they could be reassigned or terminated early (and
               | thus not paid the same or at all). Seems like a trap.
        
               | jfengel wrote:
               | Because I live here.
        
               | cjaybo wrote:
               | I also live here but that doesn't give me crystal ball-
               | like insight into what every single fed and fed-adjacent
               | employee is feeling. It's a fairly big city! Do you work
               | in the federal space? I have acquaintances who do and
               | their mood doesn't quite match the hysteria you see on
               | e.g. the regional subreddits.
        
               | beedeebeedee wrote:
               | I live far away from DC, but my friends in two different
               | federal agencies (stationed outside of DC) are partly
               | bemused and partly shocked at how unprofessional the
               | emails and new directives they are receiving from this
               | new administration are. All of their colleagues are
               | expressing the same sentiment (and my friends usually do
               | not fraternize after work with their colleagues, but they
               | have all been doing that after work just to cope with
               | what is going on). Your contrarian-ness about the
               | 'hysteria' is misplaced. Professional and dedicated
               | federal workers are deeply concerned.
        
               | alistairSH wrote:
               | Damn near every one I know is either worried about being
               | fired OR is unclear on what their agency should be doing
               | in light of the flurry of ambiguous EOs from Trump. The
               | best case seems to be "my office is clusterfuck, but I'm
               | a contractor in SCIF, so I guess I'm ok for now."
        
               | jjtheblunt wrote:
               | So basically you don't know, but are being dramatic. NSA
               | and CIA and DoD in general?
               | 
               | The reason i say this is you mention experience and skill
               | but ignore whether such people are in _roles_ that need
               | to exist at all, which is what is being questioned, not
               | the worth of individuals in those roles.
        
             | datadrivenangel wrote:
             | Weather was fine tonight.
             | 
             | Also DCA is the most popular airport and congress would
             | stage their own revolution if they had to go further.
        
               | stall84 wrote:
               | I definitely think it'll stay open for charter flights
               | (part 135)
        
               | nopzor wrote:
               | it's actually really hard for private jets / charter
               | (whether part 91 or part 135) to use dca. requirements
               | include having an armed officer on board. as a result
               | almost nobody flies charter into dca.
        
               | alistairSH wrote:
               | Yeah, it's at least partially Congress's fault DCA is as
               | busy as it is. Every few years, they push to allow more
               | flights, and longer flights, into the airport, because
               | they all want to convenience.
               | 
               | Which is silly, it's not like IAD is all that far away.
               | It's a straight shot down the Access Road to 66 and then
               | into the city. Of course, with the RTO mandate, the
               | portion from 66 inward is going to get busy again, but
               | hey, Congress wanted that too, so reap what they sow, I
               | suppose.
        
               | wat10000 wrote:
               | DCA is much nicer in pretty much all respects other than
               | having a fairly restricted set of routes. When the routes
               | are available, I'll pick DCA every time. It's a gem, and
               | I'm glad that Congress' selfishness overrode their
               | terrorism paranoia on this one.
        
               | alistairSH wrote:
               | That's true, DCA is smaller footprint, so easier to
               | navigate inside. And even better now that the remote
               | terminal redone and linked properly (vs the old "Take a
               | bus and wait on a bench").
               | 
               | But, the last few years, I haven't had any issues at IAD.
               | Yeah, it takes longer to get from the front door to the
               | gate, but that's about it. The security lines are more
               | reasonable now (pre-COVID they were pretty long at
               | times).
               | 
               | I pick IAD when I can, but that's only because I live in
               | Reston. If I lived inside the Beltway, I'd pick DCA, but
               | only because of the shorter drive, not the airport
               | experience itself.
               | 
               | And I wouldn't want DCA to be shuttered. But, it's been
               | at capacity for a while and Congress keeps pushing that
               | limit.
        
             | insane_dreamer wrote:
             | > Hopefully DOT and FAA get to work
             | 
             | they were just told to resign en masse as a loyalty test
             | (the memo literally uses the word "loyal"), so yeah, no
        
               | stall84 wrote:
               | I didn't know. this line is really upsetting people
               | tonight.
        
               | addicted wrote:
               | I'm curious, how many people in your business were
               | elected to their jobs?
               | 
               | Do you think people should be electing the ATC agents?
               | 
               | Also, what's your opinion about the entire cabinet, Elon
               | Musk, and the likes, all of whom are also unelected?
        
               | throw0101c wrote:
               | > _The reformed federal workforce will be built around
               | four pillars:_
               | 
               | [...]
               | 
               | > 4. _Enhanced standards of conduct: The federal
               | workforce should be comprised of employees who are
               | reliable, loyal, trustworthy, and who strive for
               | excellence in their daily work. Employees will be subject
               | to enhanced standards of suitability and conduct as we
               | move forward. Employees who engage in unlawful behavior
               | or other misconduct will be prioritized for appropriate
               | investigation and discipline, including termination._
               | 
               | [...]
               | 
               | > _Upon review of the below deferred resignation letter,
               | if you wish to resign: 1) Select "Reply" to this email.
               | You must reply from your government account. A reply from
               | an account other than your .gov or .mil account will not
               | be accepted. 2) Type the word "Resign" into the body of
               | this reply email. Hit "Send"._
               | 
               | * https://www.opm.gov/fork
        
             | JohnBooty wrote:
             | but I have a feeling that will be the end of          DCA's
             | usefull life as a major passenger airport.
             | 
             | Wait, what?
             | 
             | I was with you until this last sentence. You think DCA will
             | be spun down because an accident occurred there?
             | 
             | This seems wild - what am I missing here?
        
               | dehrmann wrote:
               | I only have a passing interest in this, but DCA's
               | approach is tricky, the airspace is complex and
               | restricted, and then you mix in military pilots doing VIP
               | helicopter training runs across the approach. The
               | procedures make it safe-ish, but it's riskier than other
               | major airports.
        
           | blantonl wrote:
           | Here is the ATC audio between the Tower and PAT-25. Helos
           | that transition DCA's airspace use a separate VHF frequency
           | from traffic landing and departing, but talk to the same
           | tower controller.
           | 
           | https://archives.broadcastify.com/44114/20250129/20250129200.
           | ..
           | 
           | * At 5:41 - 5342 is given instructions for circling to 33.
           | 
           | * At 6:45 - PAT-25 reports Memorial
           | 
           | * At 7:06 - tower gives PAT-25 traffic advisory about 5342
           | and PAT-25 reports traffic in sight and requests visual
           | separation
           | 
           | * At 8:12 - tower asks PAT-25 if they have the CRJ in sight
           | and tells him to pass behind the CRJ. PAT-25 again reports
           | traffic in sight and again requests visual separation.
           | 
           | * At 8:28 - crash occurs, exclamations, go arounds issued
        
             | fblp wrote:
             | This is wild to listen to. A) this is a busy atc channel
             | and it's amazing how much complexity is coordinated over
             | noisy radio. B) within minutes of the accident happening
             | (at 11:48) the ATC controller is calmly asking helicopters
             | in the air if they can assist in search rescue operations
             | asking, if they have search lights and direction them. This
             | is whilst diverting and grounding flights.
        
               | consp wrote:
               | > over noisy radio
               | 
               | I've been told the noise on the recordings is always a
               | lot worse than in practice due to the location of the
               | recording antenna not being ideal. I have no idea if this
               | is correct or not. Maybe someone can enlighten this.
        
               | thowawatp302 wrote:
               | Yes, having tried to listen to ATC with an SDR-- the
               | public recordings are made from antenna that placed near
               | the airport, while the official recordings are made from
               | the feeds that the ATC is listening to-- and those
               | antenna have their lobes pointed toward the sky.
        
               | FL410 wrote:
               | Yep. Radios are much clearer in the air. VHF is mostly
               | line of sight and planes have the benefit of altitude.
               | Approach/center comms can get a bit scratchy at times
               | mostly due to distance, but approach/tower is almost
               | always perfectly clear.
        
               | jillesvangurp wrote:
               | I watch a lot of pilots on Youtube. Most of them use some
               | kind of audio splitter to record sound. You hear what the
               | pilot hears. But minus the plane noise, vibrations, etc
               | (unless that's mixed in via some open microphone). So,
               | it's actually better.
               | 
               | So, it really is that bad. Especially when flying low, on
               | the edge of the range of the radios, etc. VHF radio is
               | ancient technology. It's not great even under ideal
               | conditions.
               | 
               | If your phone calls sounded that bad, you'd want to
               | upgrade your phone or switch operator. Really not
               | acceptable for consumer grade communication. Not even
               | close. This is how phones sounded half a century ago.
               | "can you hear me .... are you there ..... can you talk
               | louder ....". My grand mother never really unlearned
               | 1930s phone etiquette. Phone calls with her were short
               | (cause expensive) and she'd be shouting at you because
               | that's what you did. Be brief, loud, hang up as soon as
               | possible. That's what pilots still do. My grand mother
               | was born during WW I (not II) and she's been dead for
               | nearly 20 years.
               | 
               | The aviation world is very conservative with
               | new/better/any technology. They stick with "what works".
               | Even if arguably it barely works. Like pretty much the
               | vast majority of radio exchanges between pilots and
               | controllers over VHF radio. Learning how to talk on the
               | radio is the second hardest part of getting an instrument
               | rating. The only thing that's harder is flying a plane
               | with zero visibility ... while suffering extreme
               | information overload because of the constant radio
               | chatter and dealing with confused/stressed/pissed off
               | controllers who have to juggle you and 20 other planes.
               | 
               | A lot of radio exchanges are routine exchanges that
               | involve very basic information: call signs, transponder
               | codes, codes for approaches/departures, courses,
               | altimeter settings, altitudes, weather information, etc.
               | And then a lot of double checking the other side heard
               | correctly, repeating back what you heard, etc. Radio
               | communication compensates for the lack of a more
               | robust/sane way of exchanging information. There
               | literally is no way for a controller to send you
               | information in written format. Other than using their
               | private phones. So, it all gets spelled out over low
               | quality VHF radio.
               | 
               | There's no good technical reason to not do something
               | vastly more reliable, less intrusive, and less error
               | prone. Some might say safer. Many planes have star link
               | connections these days. The passengers get better
               | connectivity than the pilot. They could be having video
               | calls with the controller with crystal clear audio from
               | anywhere on this planet instead of yelling to them over
               | VHF only when they are in range. They could be sending
               | each other emails, documents, digital maps, and lots of
               | other machine readable information, etc. Not a thing.
               | 
               | It's more a challenge of agreeing on what such a vastly
               | better thing would be and then updating each and every
               | plane and tower, airport, controller world wide with
               | equipment that supports that. Add design by committee to
               | the mix and the "state of the art" is something that
               | would make any competent engineer born after 1970 blush.
        
               | throw0101c wrote:
               | > _A lot of radio exchanges are routine exchanges that
               | involve very basic information: call signs, transponder
               | codes, codes for approaches /departures, courses,
               | altimeter settings, altitudes, weather information, etc._
               | 
               | They are also in a fairly standardized format with
               | reserved "keywords" for many important aspects of
               | operation ("hold short", "line up and wait", "cleared to
               | X"):
               | 
               | * https://skybrary.aero/sites/default/files/bookshelf/115
               | .pdf
               | 
               | English is the lingua franca of ATC, but it is recognized
               | it is obviously not everyone's first language.
        
               | jcrawfordor wrote:
               | Honestly a lot of those recordings probably _do_ sound a
               | lot worse than the radio audio. I rarely see YouTube
               | recordings that are as audible as the radio is in person.
               | Here 's what seems to be the reason:
               | 
               | The common splitters you can buy to break out your
               | headset connector to a recorder don't account for the
               | signal level, which is very high on the headset
               | connectors as aviation headsets are traditionally pretty
               | high impedance. I've struggled with the headset audio
               | blowing out even a fairly nice recorder (a Zoom) with the
               | gain turned all the way down. Phones and pocket reporters
               | don't even offer a gain adjustment and the recording can
               | end up almost unusable. In a lot of YouTube videos of
               | pilots, even most, it's pretty obvious that it's clipping
               | at the recorder the whole time. Perhaps even worse, a lot
               | of people are using like a GoPro with auto-gain, so you
               | get the worst of both worlds: it ramps up gain until the
               | noise is loud, and then when someone starts talking, it
               | ramps down the gain, but a little too slowly, and it's
               | still clipping even when it hits minimum.
               | 
               | It's not very common to have trouble understanding the
               | controller when in the air. AM radio at line of sight (as
               | is the case when you're flying) is pretty robust. Maybe
               | the hardest thing to understand are helicopter pilots
               | because there's often rotor noise on their end.
        
               | FL410 wrote:
               | YouTube is not a good representation of what you hear in
               | a headset. Half the time the mic taps aren't impedence
               | matched and sound like shit.
               | 
               | Besides that, most "controlling" (i.e. instructions that
               | require action) comms have a handshake of sorts - the
               | pilot repeats back the instruction for the controller to
               | confirm. They don't just bark out instructions and hope
               | you heard it, they listen for you to read them back, and
               | will keep doing so until successful. So, even in cases
               | when the comms are degraded, you will go back and forth
               | until there has been positive confirmation (readback) you
               | heard the instruction correctly (or they'll just give you
               | a new frequency).
        
               | V99 wrote:
               | Besides the "we already have it everywhere" bit, the big
               | advantage of analog AM over UHF/VHF is that it degrades
               | fairly gracefully. As you're getting too far away the
               | signal gets harder to pick out from the noise, but it's
               | not an all-or-nothing digital signal.
               | 
               | That doesn't matter much over Washington DC, but when you
               | get out towards the western half of the country the
               | transmitters are a lot more widely spread out. There's
               | mountains in the way. There's limitations to how low you
               | can be and still be reachable, which sometimes has to be
               | balanced against how high a GA plane can comfortably fly,
               | or oxygen requirements for the occupants.
               | 
               | A better sounding "modern" system is generally going to
               | be worse at handling those marginal situations, which
               | would probably require building a lot more radio outposts
               | in fairly remote areas to compensate.
               | 
               | But the big problem with requiring anything new is
               | getting it into the existing fleet of thousands of
               | decades old certified aircraft. You need a new radio
               | stack. You probably need new antennas. Changing anything
               | on certified aircraft needs tons of paperwork and things
               | like Supplemental Type Certificates for each individual
               | model of aircraft that make it cost 5-50x what you'd
               | think it should cost. Military aircraft are probably 10x
               | worse beyond that.
               | 
               | A handheld COM radio is maybe $200 from Sporty's. Take
               | basically the same thing but package it as a basic Garmin
               | COM radio (GTR 205) and it's now $2,300. If you want a
               | NAV radio in it too (GNC 215) now it's $5,400. Add GPS
               | and ADSB-Out (GNX 375) and now you're at $9,000. You can
               | buy an entire currently airworthy (really old) plane for
               | maybe $30,000.
               | 
               | For some uses you don't even have to have _any_ radio or
               | transponder /ADSB installed on your aircraft. Some
               | aircraft don't even have an electrical power system to
               | run one. Granted they're not allowed in the middle of
               | Washington DC, but still trying to require the entire
               | fleet gets fancy new digital radios would be a monumental
               | challenge and fantastically expensive.
               | 
               | There are some existing better ways to communicate.
               | Larger planes usually have CPDLC (Controller Pilot Data
               | Link Communications), which is basically text messaging
               | from ATC to the plane avionics. That's how they receive
               | their IFR clearance at major airports. In an airliner
               | you're not generally reading it out over the radio and
               | scribbling out your "CRAFT" acronym on a scratchpad like
               | you see on YouTube. (Even your 4-seat steam gauge Cessna
               | can do this via PDC (Pre-Departure Clearance) at
               | supported airports with something like ForeFlight on an
               | iPad).
               | 
               | CPDLC can also be used in the air to communicate less
               | time-sensitive things like altitude changes and reroutes,
               | talking to the operations department of the airline, etc.
               | There's no reason you couldn't put this in smaller GA
               | planes and towers, other than cost.
               | 
               | Airliners that do transatlantic and -pacific routes also
               | have satellite communications instead of using old-school
               | HF radios (which are even worse than VHF).
        
               | singleshot_ wrote:
               | > This is how phones sounded half a century ago. "can you
               | hear me .... are you there ..... can you talk louder
               | ...."
               | 
               | No, landlines in 1975 sounded outstanding. I didn't hear
               | the phrase "can you hear me now" until I got my first oki
               | (1992?)
        
             | lawlessone wrote:
             | I think the crash was at 8:22 or 8:21, you can hear sudden
             | commotion at that time.
        
           | hammock wrote:
           | I was a controller at DCA for 8 years and this is a normal
           | operation with Helicopters using the Helicopter routes.
           | 
           | The problem I see is the controller asked the Helicopter if
           | they had the CRJ in sight, but he never said WHERE HE WAS OR
           | WHAT HE WAS DOING! The controller should have told the
           | Helicopter that the CRJ was circling to RWY 33. The
           | helicopter said he had him in sight, but he really had the
           | Jet in sight that was landing on RWY 1.
           | 
           | Had the controller told him: Traffic ahead and to your left
           | landing runway 33 is a CRJ report him in sight, then the
           | helicopter crew would have LOOKED to their left and saw him.
           | They unfortunately were looking straight ahead at a different
           | plane.
           | 
           | The controller is going to take a major blame for this one
           | unfortunately for not being more detailed. Those Helicopters
           | literally fly directly in the path of those RWY 33 arrivals
           | so as a controller you have to be EXACT!!!!
           | 
           | Another problem I see is the expectation bias. As controllers
           | in that scenario, we want to hear the Helicopter say "traffic
           | in sight and we will maintain Visual Separation. These
           | Helicopter Pilots know we need to hear them say that (it's
           | required), so they will say this just because even though
           | they might not really have the aircraft in sight. They are
           | just saying what we want to hear. If they don't, then we stop
           | their forward progress or make them turn out. Comment from
           | instagram
        
             | deadbabe wrote:
             | The controller will not take blame. It is a blameless
             | culture where mistakes are expected and analyzed and
             | learned from.
        
               | hammock wrote:
               | Agree with this
        
               | bayarearefugee wrote:
               | > The controller will not take blame.
               | 
               | Depends how much they deviate from cishet white male and
               | the context of the blame you're talking about.
               | 
               | If there's any way this can remotely be pinned on DEI
               | hiring, the controller will be thrown under a bus in a
               | very public and spectacular manner, not by their own
               | community but by the current administration and the
               | media.
        
               | recursive wrote:
               | Where did that come from? There are some things in life
               | that don't revolve around identity politics, and I'd
               | venture to say, ATC is one of them.
        
               | deeg wrote:
               | Parent is exactly right. There's already a scramble to
               | pin the blame and some in the GOP are looking for DEI:
               | https://bsky.app/profile/andylevy.net/post/3lgxsd35fhs2i
        
               | bayarearefugee wrote:
               | > There are some things in life that don't revolve around
               | identity politics
               | 
               | Not anymore.
        
               | ToucanLoucan wrote:
               | Simply wild coming from the person who introduced it
               | where it was not being discussed.
               | 
               | If this is true, it's because you and people like you are
               | inserting it in otherwise innocuous, productive
               | discussions. Have you considered not doing that?
        
               | chowchowchow wrote:
               | are you serious? https://www.fox5dc.com/news/trump-
               | blames-dei-dc-plane-crash
        
               | axus wrote:
               | On "Truth Social" last night, Donald Trump was explicitly
               | questioning the actions of the ATC. And during this
               | morning's press briefing, he blamed "the crash on Barack
               | Obama, Joe Biden, former Transportation secretary Pete
               | Buttigieg, DEI and people with disabilities." I'm waiting
               | for the transcript on that one.
        
               | dboreham wrote:
               | Contrast this with the on-screen appearance by American
               | Airlines CEO last night. Watching it, I wondered: why
               | can't we have a guy like this as president?
        
               | axus wrote:
               | Since whitehouse.gov couldn't be bothered, here are some
               | quotes from "Straight Arrow News":
               | 
               | ----
               | 
               | President Trump also appeared to blame a "diversity push"
               | at the FAA for the midair collision, reading some news
               | headlines.
               | 
               | "I do want to point out that various articles that
               | appeared prior to my entering office. And here's one: the
               | FAA's diversity push includes focus on hiring people with
               | severe intellectual and psychiatric disabilities," Trump
               | said.
               | 
               | When he was asked to clarify why he thought a diversity
               | push played a role, he said, "It just could have been. We
               | have a high standard. We've had a higher, much higher
               | standard than anybody else."
               | 
               | Trump did not cite any evidence.
               | 
               | He also placed blame on the Biden administration's
               | transportation secretary, Pete Buttigieg, using an
               | expletive to describe Buttigieg's time in office.
               | 
               | "He's a disaster now. He's just got a good line of
               | bulls--," Trump said of Buttigieg. "Well, he runs it,
               | 45,000 people, and he's run it right into the ground with
               | his diversity."
               | 
               | Trump's pick for transportation secretary, Sean Duffy,
               | who just started the job, also spoke during the press
               | conference.
               | 
               | "When Americans take off in airplanes, they should expect
               | to land at their destination -- that didn't happen
               | yesterday," Duffy said. "That's not acceptable, and so we
               | will not accept excuses. We will not accept passing the
               | buck."
        
               | apical_dendrite wrote:
               | Trump is explicitly blaming programs to hire disabled
               | people. Note that just because FAA had a program to hire
               | people with disabilities, does not mean that they made
               | any changes to the medical standards for air traffic
               | controllers - there are many jobs at FAA besides air
               | traffic controllers, and there are also plenty of
               | disabilities that would not effect a person's ability to
               | be an air traffic controller. FAA does not allow people
               | with psychiatric disabilities to work in ATC.
               | 
               | > "I do want to point out that various articles that
               | appeared prior to my entering office. And here's one, the
               | FAA's diversity push includes focus on hiring people with
               | severe intellectual and psychiatric disabilities. That is
               | amazing. And then it says FAA says people with severe
               | disabilities are most underrepresented segment of the
               | workforce said 'they want them in, and they want them,
               | they can be air traffic controllers. I don't think so.
               | This was January 14, so that was a week before I entered
               | office. They put a big push to put diversity into the
               | FAA's program," Trump said.
               | 
               | > "Brilliant people have to be in those positions, and
               | their lives are actually shortened, very substantially
               | shortened because of the stress where you have many, many
               | planes coming into one target, and you need a very
               | special talent and a very special genius to be able to do
               | it," the president added.
               | 
               | > When he was asked to clarify why he thought a
               | "diversity push" at the FAA played a role in Wednesday's
               | collision, President Donald Trump told reporters Thursday
               | that "it just could have been."
               | 
               | > "It just could have been. We have a high standard.
               | We've had a higher, much higher standard than anybody
               | else," Trump said.
               | 
               | > Trump did not cite any evidence. Source:
               | https://www.cnn.com/us/live-news/plane-crash-dca-potomac-
               | was...
        
               | gumball-amp wrote:
               | Unfortunately, there's a long-standing scandal and
               | lawsuit around the ATC and its hiring practices that will
               | inevitably play into the analysis of this tragedy --
               | details here: https://www.tracingwoodgrains.com/p/the-
               | faas-hiring-scandal-...
               | 
               | I can well believe it has absolutely nothing to do with
               | this disaster, but I don't think either political side
               | has any interest in arguing over the fine points of that
               | distinction.
        
               | recursive wrote:
               | Wow, I hadn't heard about that. It seems the FAA inserted
               | _themselves_ into the culture wars. I take it all back.
               | Every single thing is now based on identity politics.
        
               | cutemonster wrote:
               | Is this for real: (questions for becoming an ATC, linked
               | from the article you liked. It's so weird so I'm not
               | sure)
               | 
               | https://kaisoapbox.com/projects/faa_biographical_assessme
               | nt/
               | 
               | The questions are mind-blowing. And:
               | 
               | > In the present day, there is a critical shortage of
               | ATCs, with the FAA having 1,000 fewer ATCs in 2023 than
               | it did in 2012.
               | 
               | If that's how they were hiring (although they don't do
               | today), I could understand if that has a bit contributed
               | to fewer ATCs today.
               | 
               | Seems it is for real:
               | https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2025/jan/30/faa-
               | diversi...
               | 
               |  _"... In 2013, the FAA started using a "biographical
               | assessment" to increase the hiring of preferred minority
               | racial groups at air traffic control centers. The
               | assessment asked applicants about their participation in
               | school sports and the age at which they started earning
               | money. "_
               | 
               |  _" The assessment disqualified more experienced,
               | qualified applicants ..."_
        
               | baggy_trough wrote:
               | You might venture to say so, but unfortunately you'd be
               | wrong.
        
               | 1shooner wrote:
               | The President:
               | 
               | >Asked how he could come to the conclusion that diversity
               | played a role in the deadly midair collision near Ronald
               | Reagan Washington National Airport, Trump said, "Because
               | I have common sense, OK? And unfortunately a lot of
               | people don't."
               | 
               | >He later defended his assertion that diversity
               | initiatives at the FAA could have contributed to the
               | National Airport crash as the investigation continues.
               | 
               | >"No, I don't think so at all," Trump said when asked if
               | he thinks his claims about the helicopter, air traffic
               | control and DEI policies were getting ahead of the
               | investigation. He quipped to the reporter that "I think
               | that's not a very smart question."
               | 
               | https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/5116606-5-tak
               | eaw...
        
               | ToucanLoucan wrote:
               | Fuck me this is gonna be a long 4 years and a LOT of
               | ibuprofen.
               | 
               | Days without being an international embarrassment: 0
        
               | JamesBarney wrote:
               | There was a scandal at the ATC which has culminated in a
               | lawsuit Brigida v. Buttigieg, and from what I remember
               | the facts look bad.
               | 
               | They replaced a skill assessment with a completely
               | bizarre biography test where for instance you got +15
               | points if you listed science as your worst subject, but 0
               | if you listed math, English, history or P.E.
               | 
               | Then they leaked the answers to black organizations, as
               | well as special keywords to put in their resume to go to
               | top of the pile.
               | 
               | The students who spent years and thousands of dollars and
               | aced the skill assessment but then failed the
               | biographical test are suing in a class action.
        
               | gosub100 wrote:
               | It's been culminating for years. they don't fire
               | incompetent people and they use skin color and gender as
               | a factor in deciding who to hire. It's federal employment
               | and is linked greatly to politics.
        
               | ToucanLoucan wrote:
               | If it's been "culminating for years" why is this the
               | first time this has happened in 16 years? Or are all the
               | white men just doing that great of a job compensating for
               | their dumbass POC/non-male colleagues? It's not like this
               | is a team effort where one competent employee can cover
               | for others; if an ATC is genuinely unqualified, shit is
               | going to go wrong _immediately._
               | 
               | Your grievance politics are nonsensical on their face.
        
               | gosub100 wrote:
               | If you didn't deliberately misinterpret the word "it" you
               | would have nothing to dispute.
        
               | ToucanLoucan wrote:
               | Feel free to correct my interpretation.
        
               | jimt1234 wrote:
               | And apparently Trump included dwarfism in his DEI blame-
               | game. Where the hell did that come from? Are little
               | people eating the cats and dogs now, too?
               | 
               | https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/5116332-trump
               | -0f...
        
             | abecedarius wrote:
             | If you're quoting someone else, please say so at the top of
             | the comment instead leading with "I was a controller" and
             | burying the attribution at the end of a paragraph.
        
             | apical_dendrite wrote:
             | > The problem I see is the controller asked the Helicopter
             | if they had the CRJ in sight, but he never said WHERE HE
             | WAS OR WHAT HE WAS DOING! The controller should have told
             | the Helicopter that the CRJ was circling to RWY 33. The
             | helicopter said he had him in sight, but he really had the
             | Jet in sight that was landing on RWY 1.
             | 
             | I think you're only listening to a selected part of the
             | recording.
             | 
             | > Tower: "PAT25 traffic just south of (unclear) bridge is a
             | CRJ at 1,200ft turning for Runway 33"
             | 
             | > PAT25: PAT25 has the Traffic in sight, request visual
             | separation
             | 
             | > Tower: Visual separation approved.
             | 
             | Then a minute later he asks again if PAT25 has the CRJ in
             | sight, which I think is what you're referring to.
        
           | t0mas88 wrote:
           | The common mistake with this is seeing a plane, reporting
           | "traffic in sight" but looking at a different plane than the
           | one the controller meant. Especially at night where distance
           | is near impossible the estimate and you can't see differences
           | in types of planes.
           | 
           | I have no extra information on this incident so this is only
           | generic input.
        
         | bsder wrote:
         | Reagan should have been shut down for commercial use many moons
         | ago.
         | 
         | It will never be shut down because it's got all the exceptions
         | so that Congresscritters don't have to be treated the same as
         | us plebians.
        
           | LeafItAlone wrote:
           | >It will never be shut down because it's got all the
           | exceptions so that Congresscritters don't have to be treated
           | the same as us plebians.
           | 
           | DCA is open to the public.
        
             | bsder wrote:
             | DCA is open to the public. But it has lots of ways for
             | Congressmen to avoid the inconveniences that you and I have
             | to endure.
             | 
             | The other airports in the area do not have those.
        
               | LeafItAlone wrote:
               | Please expand.
               | 
               | I fly out of DCA and IAD frequently (and JFK and LGA).
               | I've gone through the process next to politicians, though
               | I've never recognized any highly ranked ones (e.g.
               | Pelosi, McConnell, etc.).
               | 
               | What's the difference they experience?
        
               | atlasunshrugged wrote:
               | Not OP but the only thing I'm aware of is new Senator Jim
               | Justice who seems to use a private plane to get to the
               | airport which seems relatively rare.
               | 
               | https://punchbowl.news/article/senate/jim-justice-takes-
               | priv...
        
               | wildzzz wrote:
               | I watched Warren and some of her staff cut the entire
               | pre-check line at BOS. They still had to walk through the
               | metal detectors but without any bags, they whisked
               | through.
               | 
               | I got to cut the line at security once because I was on
               | the job, I was completely embarrassed.
        
               | sgerenser wrote:
               | Isn't that just what CLEAR is?
        
               | tayo42 wrote:
               | > the inconveniences that you and I have to endure.
               | 
               | What are those? With pre check you just more or less walk
               | through and use a metal detector.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | A lot of people here like to go on about security. I
               | agree there's a certain amount of theater, and I try to
               | avoid really peak times, but with pre-check I do tend to
               | arrive early because I don't want stress but, as you say,
               | it's rarely more than a few minute wait and I pretty much
               | toss my bag on the carousel and walk through the metal
               | detector. It's really not a big deal if you're prepared.
        
               | michaelt wrote:
               | Your airport sounds a lot better than the ones near me!
               | 
               | In my area they all want you to arrive 2-3 hours before
               | your flight, without any water, then to shuffle through
               | security without your belt and shoes.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | I usually arrive about 2 hours before flight time. For
               | one thing, my car company doesn't really want you to cut
               | things close as they'll tend to catch the blame if you
               | miss your flight for some unavoidable reason. But usually
               | security is maybe 5-10 minutes. Don't remember the last
               | time I needed anything like the margin that I give
               | myself.
               | 
               | Probably doesn't hurt that I'm usually taking early
               | morning flights.
        
               | addandsubtract wrote:
               | What's pre-check?
        
               | alistairSH wrote:
               | TSA pre-check is a pre-screening program that air
               | travelers can use to bypass the normal security line.
               | 
               | It's not a huge time-saver (any more, used to be more)
               | but gets you out of a few annoyances like removing shoes,
               | unpacking toiletries, and a few other things. And the
               | lines are usually a bit shorter and the ratio of regular
               | traveller to new traveller is a bit better (less likely
               | to get caught behind somebody who doesn't know the
               | process and wastes everybody's time).
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | And they don't put you through the nudie scanner (or
               | whatever it's called) which is important to some people.
               | I have pre-check automatically through global entry (that
               | basically lets you bypass immigration coming back into
               | the US).
               | 
               | Just got ETA for the UK and you also have e-entry (which
               | _usually_ works) from the US and a number of other
               | countries as well.
        
               | alistairSH wrote:
               | Usually true, though I don't believe that's guaranteed.
               | 
               | And all the lines at IAD have the new, high-powered
               | luggage scanners (for carry-on, so still less powerful
               | than the ones used for checked bags). So for those of
               | that fly with film camera gear, we need a hand check with
               | or without pre-check.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Right--though pretty rare in my experience. Though you
               | can always(?) ask for a hand check rather than going
               | through the more invasive scanner.
               | 
               | Haven't used film for a while :-) Back in the film days,
               | at least latterly I traveled with my film in a lead-lined
               | bag.
        
           | rayiner wrote:
           | Not disagreeing, but is there something particularly wrong
           | with DCA?
        
             | cyberax wrote:
             | It's in the middle of a city, with lots of restricted
             | airspace just _seconds_ of flight time from it.
        
             | jcranmer wrote:
             | From what I've heard, it's a challenging airport to land
             | at, particularly because one of the approaches has two
             | sharp turns in it, and I think the main winds tend to be
             | annoying crosswinds for the main runway. Also, the airport
             | is surrounded by lots of restricted airspace because, you
             | know, seat of federal government and all that.
        
               | wiredfool wrote:
               | Short runway too. 9/11 restrictions only made it that
               | much worse.
               | 
               | It was discussed post 9/11 about closing National
               | Airport, but congress wouldn't hear it. It was too
               | convenient from DC. (At a time when IAD was way the hell
               | out there, rather than being 1/2 the way out the sprawl.)
               | 
               | I won't fly through DCA in the winter, because when I was
               | a kid there was the Air Florida crash. I'd much prefer
               | IAD with it's 3 mile runways and straight approaches.
        
               | rob74 wrote:
               | The Air Florida crash had very little to do with the
               | airport and a lot to do with the pilots who took off with
               | dangerous amounts of ice/snow on the wings. Fortunately,
               | de-icing procedures have also improved since then - in
               | the 80s, it was possible to have a long time between
               | deicing and takeoff; today, deicing is done at the end of
               | the runway, shortly before lining up for takeoff.
               | 
               | Full story: https://admiralcloudberg.medium.com/the-cold-
               | laws-of-winter-...
        
               | wiredfool wrote:
               | I was in 6th grade. It was a shitty day all around --
               | there was a metrorail accident under the river. I was on
               | a school bus for 4 hours while getting home in the snow.
               | The plane hit a bridge and went into the river.
               | 
               | Think of what you know about DC traffic when there's a
               | flake of snow in the air, and put an airliner crash and a
               | metro accident on top of that.
               | 
               | Maybe it's not logical, but I'm still not a fan of flying
               | through National in the winter.
        
             | jonstewart wrote:
             | DCA is great to fly in and out of (I live in DC proper), as
             | it's close, isn't hard to get to, and has a Metro (our
             | subway) station right in front of the terminal, and the
             | airport is fairly easy to navigate once you're in. Dulles
             | now has a Metro station, but it's still far away from the
             | terminal and it's hard to navigate, with gates very far
             | away from the terminal; other than the Saarinen
             | architecture, everything else about Dulles is awful. BWI is
             | even further from most parts of DC; there's an AmTrak
             | station where you can catch a bus, but pretty much you're
             | driving an hour+ and it's in the middle of exurban hell.
             | 
             | DCA is challenging for flights, though, as the approach
             | from upriver over the Potomac requires a sudden bank to the
             | right just before landing and the runway's a bit short
             | (tonight's flight was coming in from the southern
             | approach). The Potomac also has a lot of helicopter
             | traffic, between the military (including POTUS/VPOTUS), US
             | Park Police, DC Police, and civilian flights. DCA's natural
             | advantages have put the screws to Dulles the last 20 years,
             | and Dulles's inability to not suck hasn't helped. As a
             | result, people (including Members of Congress) want more
             | flights out of DCA, so flight traffic has steadily
             | increased. There were two near-misses last spring:
             | https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/faa-investigating-
             | colli....
             | 
             | Tonight's crash seems like a colossal screwup by the
             | helicopter. DCA is too popular for flight traffic to cease,
             | but I wouldn't be surprised by further restricting the
             | flight corridors and helicopter traffic, more
             | funding/staffing for ATC, and maybe a small reduction in
             | flights.
        
               | rob74 wrote:
               | > _more funding /staffing for ATC_
               | 
               |  _More_ funding? From an administration that is currently
               | doing its best to get rid of as many federal employees as
               | possible and has an extra  "department" (led by you-know-
               | who) dedicated to that? What they will probably do with
               | ATC is privatize it (which is actually a reasonable thing
               | to do - it's private in most of Europe, but if the
               | intention behind it is to save money, it will probably
               | not improve the system).
        
               | jonstewart wrote:
               | I would not be surprised if ATC _at DCA_ gets some more
               | funding given the complicated air traffic environment and
               | its unique position as Congress's second-favorite
               | airport.
        
               | atlasunshrugged wrote:
               | What is Congress' favorite airport?
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Presumably Dulles because international and probably
               | long-haul generally flights. (Though I imagine more fly
               | in and out of Reagan/National on a regular basis.)
        
               | atlasunshrugged wrote:
               | Huh, yeah I think that's maybe the Virginia delegation's
               | favorite airport but I'm highly skeptical it is for other
               | members as it's pretty far and while it does have more
               | flights, I don't think it's incredible. For international
               | flights when traveling for work, many Congresspeople will
               | use milair anyways. For reference, I worked as a staffer
               | in Congress for a couple of years and just picked this up
               | although I've never done any in-depth research
        
               | alistairSH wrote:
               | Congressmen from areas that can serve DCA tend to pick
               | DCA due to proximity/convenience. Noted elsewhere, it's a
               | bit easier to navigate internally (smaller, newer
               | terminal building vs IAD), though I don't know how much
               | that impacts Congressmen - I'm guessing they at minimum
               | are using first class/preferred facilities and not
               | queuing up with us plebes for security.
               | 
               | Periodically, Congress pushes to have DCA take more
               | traffic total and from a larger portion of the US.
               | Currently, DCA is limited to destinations 1250 miles
               | away, though powerful Congressmen have obtained permanent
               | waivers for this over the years for specific flights so
               | they get an easy flight to their own home region.
        
               | gosub100 wrote:
               | There's a privately controlled tower at KSQL (San Carlos)
               | and there have been numerous incidents of ATC losing
               | their cool on pilots, sometimes brand new students. All
               | the YT comments say it's because it's privately
               | controlled and understaffed and many pilots vouch for
               | similar drama happening to them. I can't prove it, just
               | passing along a data point. Obviously this problem could
               | be solved by paying better and having enough staff. But
               | how likely is that?
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | Thank's for the detailed explanation! I have a warm spot
               | in my heart for Dulles, because it's my first memory of
               | American (we flew into Dulles from Bangladesh in 1989).
               | It's really convenient if you live in Great Falls or
               | Reston. And I loved what was then the semi-rural Virginia
               | around the airport. But agreed, it's a huge pain in the
               | butt to navigate.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | For all the hate EWR (Newark) gets, I much prefer to
               | connect through from there to Europe from Boston than
               | Dulles. My biggest objection to EWR is that it's a PITA
               | to get into Manhattan from but, then, that's pretty much
               | true of all the NYC airports. I'm rarely doing that
               | though as I'm almost always taking the train into the
               | city.
        
               | MattSayar wrote:
               | > the airport is fairly easy to navigate once you're in.
               | 
               | I see you skipped talking about how terrible it is
               | navigating the road traffic to arrivals/departures
        
             | tssva wrote:
             | DCA is just across the Potomac River from DC and thus large
             | amounts of restricted air space. This makes take offs and
             | landings at DCA challenging since all this restricted air
             | space has to be avoided. DCA also has not space to expand
             | to try to mitigate the risks. Congress has interfered over
             | the years by attaching riders to legislation requiring the
             | number of flights allowed in and out of DCA to be increased
             | over the objection of the Metropolitan Washington Airport
             | Authority (MWAA) who runs both DCA and IAD (Dulles). This
             | despite decades of warnings that the number of flights
             | posses a significant safety risk.
             | 
             | Regional airport authorities which run multiple airports
             | such as MWAA generally spread the cost of improvements out
             | across the multiple airports by increasing gate fees at all
             | the airports they control to cover the cost of improvements
             | at any one airport. Congress has forbidden MWAA to do so
             | which has limited their ability to expand and improve IAD
             | to lure airlines to shift domestic flights from DCA to IAD.
             | IAD remains primarily an international airport with
             | domestic flights in and out supporting that role. This is
             | largely due to the higher gate fees at IAD.
        
         | UniverseHacker wrote:
         | I have a feeling from your comment that you know more about
         | aviation than you are letting on, and the part about being in
         | DC not giving you a right to an opinion seems pretty silly in
         | that context.
        
         | boringg wrote:
         | This seems to be a resolved problem and one that we shouldn't
         | have in this era. An unnecessary tragedy.
        
         | huijzer wrote:
         | blancolirio (active pilot who regularly makes videos about
         | crahses with the aim of improving safety) just released a new
         | video on this accident: https://youtu.be/_3gD_lnBNu0
         | 
         | Summary: The helicopter might have been a little bit too high.
         | The night vision goggles might have negatively affected the
         | vision. The two aircraft were probably on different frequencies
         | so didn't hear each other. And the helicopter might have
         | focused on the wrong plane to avoid because they didn't see the
         | right one thanks to the city skyline. It looks like the classic
         | swiss cheese where multiple problems stacked up to cause the
         | collision. See the video for details.
        
       | hindsightbias wrote:
       | I believe the Marine aviation unit supporting the WH operates
       | from the navy base east across from DCA. You can watch them
       | training from the terminal.
       | 
       | Not sure how they or the Army transition the approach ends to the
       | runways, but it's really close.
        
       | duxup wrote:
       | I sometimes wonder about the value of these news stories on
       | forums and social media.
       | 
       | It's all pretty much wild speculation with several potential
       | causes already mentioned on this forum.
       | 
       | News important yes, every rando with a few shreds of factoids
       | speculating, not so much.
        
         | g-nair wrote:
         | I've been saying something similar to friends recently. We have
         | access to a bit Too much news for our own good.
        
         | throwaway2037 wrote:
         | Anything about civilian air safety is like catnip for nerds. It
         | is the ultimate armchair nerd sport -- speculating about
         | reasons for a civilian air crash. I guess this discussion will
         | be more than 1,000 comments before its heat-death.
        
         | readyplayernull wrote:
         | Let's go back to AI non-stop 24/7, hallucinations are saner.
        
         | fullshark wrote:
         | In this case there is no or negative value. Wait for the facts,
         | avoid the noise and wild speculation.
        
           | avs733 wrote:
           | But my dopamine...
        
         | fortran77 wrote:
         | Don't you know? If a person can program in Rust and Kotlin,
         | that makes him an expert in every other field, too.
        
           | justinspace wrote:
           | I've seen at least one "why don't you just <misunderstanding
           | of how aviation works>" upthread already. Can't believe this
           | flavor of tech hubris is running the country now. No wonder
           | the goddamn planes are falling out of the sky...
        
             | duxup wrote:
             | Arguably we have that with the current US executive branch.
             | 
             | We had a hubub about the right way to power an aircraft
             | carrier catapult for a while the first go around with these
             | fools ...
        
         | neilv wrote:
         | Yes, tons of speculation, and very little clear basic facts.
         | 
         | When I clicked, I expected to find the comments interesting
         | (since I worked in a small corner of flight safety), but,
         | skimming through, I kept feeling aversion to threads.
         | 
         | Most modern news organizations aren't much better.
        
         | Ylpertnodi wrote:
         | I come to hn for the speculations.
        
         | francisofascii wrote:
         | Here we get air traffic controller recordings, and people who
         | are ammeter pilots. It is more informed speculation than my
         | "normal" friends or co-workers.
        
           | duxup wrote:
           | I suspect moderately informed, but not completely informed,
           | is the worst kind of speculation. It has a sense of authority
           | and knowledge that is hard to pinpoint its accuracy.
           | 
           | Almost all the amateur theories in here, just by the variety,
           | are going to be dead wrong.
        
           | whateveracct wrote:
           | It just _sounds_ more informed. Just like all the  "amateur"
           | physicists who speculate on theoretical physics posts on HN.
        
         | wat10000 wrote:
         | Here, I get ATC transcripts and learn about the helicopter
         | flight paths. Traditional news describes an airliner with 60
         | people on board as a "small plane."
        
         | dboreham wrote:
         | Well, last night when there were only 10 comments here, the
         | essentials of what had happened were available from those
         | comments. Meanwhile the mainstream news TV I was watching at
         | the same time was presenting either zero information, or false
         | information (e.g. that 4 survivors had been rescued).
        
       | stall84 wrote:
       | We really can't have this type of accident, a midair collision
       | happen anywhere in the United States, much less the nation's
       | capital, especially considering the Washington area is some of
       | the highest controlled airspace in the country. DCA has been a
       | high-risk airport really since the jet-age, and I have a feeling
       | this might be the end of it as a major passenger airport (at
       | least for Part 121 operations). DOT/FAA are really going to need
       | to step up after this and figure it out, for good. I hope there
       | are survivors but it is really cold in that water right now, look
       | up Air Florida flight 90 for a completely different accident, but
       | in a similar time of the year.
        
         | alsodumb wrote:
         | Unfortunately it's not gonna happen. The traffic at DCA only
         | keeps going up, and I've heard chatter that it's because a lot
         | of congressman and senators prefer taking flights from DCA
         | instead of driving to Dulles or BWI.
        
           | yieldcrv wrote:
           | Cities should have convenient airports
           | 
           | Maybe the evtol technology will alleviate this dilemma
        
         | modriano wrote:
         | > DOT/FAA are really going to need to step up after this and
         | figure it out, for good.
         | 
         | Yeah. First, we should fill the currently vacant US Secretary
         | of Transportation role. Then we should fill the currently
         | vacant FAA Administrator role. Then we should fill the FAA
         | Deputy Administrator role [0]. Then we should fill the
         | currently vacant DoT Inspector General role that Trump just
         | opened up by illegally firing this watchdog without the
         | required 30 days notice to Congress [1]. Then we can start
         | investigating.
         | 
         | [0]
         | https://web.archive.org/web/20250129122818/https://www.faa.g...
         | 
         | [1] https://www.govexec.com/oversight/2025/01/trump-fires-
         | multip...
        
         | Axsuul wrote:
         | We've gone this long without an accident, what's to say we're
         | not gonna learn the hard lesson from this and make sure it
         | doesn't happen again?
        
       | tjohns wrote:
       | Radar replay: https://x.com/avgeekjake/status/1884823071611363833
       | 
       | UHF feed with comms from the military helicopter:
       | https://archives.broadcastify.com/44114/20250129/20250129200...
       | 
       | - 5:41 - AA5342 is given instructions for circling to 33
       | 
       | - 6:45 - PAT-25 reports Memorial
       | 
       | - 7:06 - Tower gives PAT-25 traffic advisory, PAT-25 reports
       | traffic in sight and requests visual separation
       | 
       | - 8:08 - Tower asks PAT-25 if they have the CRJ in sight. PAT-25
       | again reports traffic in sight and again requests visual
       | separation
       | 
       | - 8:23 - Crash occurs
        
         | jakeogh wrote:
         | aaand.. it's gone.
         | 
         | archive of the radar replay: https://dpaste.com/3DUG9YWFB
         | 
         | sha3-256: 539b49e57443109cb0aea06209ce142d44a5ccbee16e42e0c7102
         | 6742fc56703
        
           | smcin wrote:
           | No, the Twitter/X post is gone but the
           | archives.broadcastify.com link is still good.
        
         | jakeogh wrote:
         | more: https://dpaste.com/HDBW79JMX
         | 
         | (no height data, so I ignore the overlay comments on the first
         | video)
         | 
         | sha3-256's 7c608babe5552ac436499978b1a458b3a74ddc7e1d7e5011c657
         | 3b724729149e 24a3e23aa97f348ebd8740af83b3b50ae7dd5cd5147e88636b
         | 564e93d99d9775
         | 
         | blancolirio: Potomac Mid Air Collision DCA 1/29/25
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ouDAnO8eMf8
        
       | jauntywundrkind wrote:
       | Anecdotally, the amount of helicopter & air traffic going on
       | around DC has been absurd this month.
       | 
       | My house in DC has calmed down _some_ but we had a bunch of low
       | flying fighters jets  & helicopters for a bit. It's been wild
       | having the house shaken at noon or 1:00 from pairs of fighter
       | jets!
       | 
       | I've had an in-week around Tysons this week, and it's been _wild_
       | seeing pair after pair after pair of helicopter flying east
       | towards the city this week. I 'm normally up there once or twice
       | a week and usually there's nothing like this.
        
         | zzleeper wrote:
         | Agreed. Why so many heli's to McClean? Are they just too stingy
         | to pay the I66 toll in the afternoon?
        
       | gonzo41 wrote:
       | I know that everyone crosses all altitudes during landing. But
       | why don't ATC / FAA stratify aircraft type and use by altitude.
       | Like all commercial traffic is put in even thousands altitudes.
       | And the Military / EMS gets the odd thousands.
       | 
       | Its crazy to have things colliding like this.
        
         | mbreese wrote:
         | Everything eventually needs to land, so when you're talking
         | about an area around an airport, at low altitudes, that's going
         | to be a difficult thing to do. If you mix in helicopter traffic
         | that needs to run at lower altitudes anyway, that is also near
         | an airport, it becomes a much more difficult scenario to
         | control.
        
         | dboreham wrote:
         | Helicopter flies at 200ft. Planes landing have to traverse
         | through 200ft. Therefore vertical separation impossible.
        
           | chinathrow wrote:
           | This heli route is just crazy.
        
             | dboreham wrote:
             | Agreed. Seems that underlying all of this is "people doing
             | inadvisable things because they can".
        
             | chinathrow wrote:
             | Update: Found the routes in the FAA HELDC PDF
             | 
             | https://aeronav.faa.gov/visual/12-26-2024/PDFs/Balt-
             | Wash_Hel...
        
         | alsodumb wrote:
         | Route 4 (the helicopter route along the river) has a maximum
         | altitude of 200 feet for helicopter. From the crash it seemed
         | like the helicopter pilot wasn't strictly following the
         | ceiling.
        
         | justinspace wrote:
         | You'd think they would've figured this out by now. Hacker News
         | to the rescue!
        
       | third_rate_econ wrote:
       | Could be a relevant DEFCON talk:
       | https://youtu.be/KYuBf2HpXJg?si=srOl5T6CY6Lg8HZQ
       | 
       | Sounds like maybe the ADSB was on in this case though.
        
       | mmaunder wrote:
       | This will be the worst disaster since Colgan in 2009 which is the
       | crash that upped the hours requirement for ATP pilots from 250 to
       | 1500 even though both pilots had over 1500 hours. I think this is
       | going to be a very big deal and very quickly become a political
       | football. Regardless, this is absolutely awful and extremely
       | unfortunate.
        
         | teractiveodular wrote:
         | Early indications are that the airliner and ATC were operating
         | as planned, and the immediate cause of the crash was the
         | military helicopter.
        
         | lovecg wrote:
         | This is an often repeated misconception. ATP always needed 1500
         | hours. What wasn't required is for both pilots to have an ATP,
         | just the captain - the flight officer only needed a commercial
         | certificate. Airlines would hire with lower hours and train on
         | the job.
         | 
         | While both pilots in the crash did have over 1500 hours, the
         | flight officer did not in fact hold an ATP. The rule also
         | changed some of the ATP training requirements, and there were
         | other regulation changes on duty cycles, etc.
         | 
         | It's very possible we've had a run of good luck since 2009.
         | It's also possible some of the rule changes helped. I wouldn't
         | dismiss that possibility too quickly.
         | 
         | https://www.faa.gov/documentlibrary/media/notice/n_8900.225....
        
       | theGnuMe wrote:
       | Maybe the military shouldn't fly training flights there. Just an
       | idea.
        
         | warner25 wrote:
         | It's a bad idea. That unit's [1] task is to provide
         | transportation to senior government officials and security
         | forces around the capital, including to and from that airport.
         | If they didn't train to operate there, then their first time
         | doing so would be with someone like the Secretary of Defense
         | onboard or during some other mission that's critical to
         | national security.
         | 
         | "Training" here also doesn't imply some 21 year-old flight
         | school student learning to fly. The aviators assigned to that
         | unit are typically more senior people who've already done a
         | tour or two with more conventional units.
         | 
         | I've lost count of how many times I've heard your sentiment
         | already today, and I'm distraught by the general public's
         | apparent lack of understanding about how things work.
         | 
         | [1] https://jtfncr.mdw.army.mil/TAAB/
        
       | dmtroyer wrote:
       | Are pilots landing at DCA conditioned to ignore TCAS warnings on
       | approach? Would there have been one?
        
         | GaryNumanVevo wrote:
         | TCAS has a minimum altitude of 700ft AFAIK
        
           | inoffensivename wrote:
           | It's 900ft AGL and below while descending
           | 
           | (CRJ pilot here)
        
       | teractiveodular wrote:
       | To put this in perspective, this is the first fatal crash of a US
       | commercial airliner in 16 years (Colgan Air Flight 3407 on
       | February 12, 2009) and the first fatal commercial airliner crash
       | in the United States in 12 years (since Asiana Airlines Flight
       | 214 on July 6, 2013).
       | 
       | We like to throw shade at Boeing, the FAA etc, but this is still
       | an incredible accomplishment, especially given the explosive
       | growth of traffic over those years. Back in the 1970s and 1980s,
       | there were far fewer flights but multiple crashes _every year_
       | was the norm.
        
         | cameldrv wrote:
         | That was my thought exactly when I heard of this. I trust that
         | like other major accidents, that we will learn from this and
         | make the skies safer. Sixteen years without a major airline
         | crash was an incredible accomplishment. It's a tragedy it
         | couldn't have gone on longer.
        
         | windowshopping wrote:
         | The real question, I feel, is whether the current U.S.
         | government as it exists in 2025 is still capable of continuing
         | to improve things, and whether it's still putting all the
         | lessons of the past into practice - or whether we were just
         | coasting on a combination of luck and the vestigial safety left
         | to us by the diligence of the past.
        
           | LeoPanthera wrote:
           | Our presidents social media commentary on this issue reads,
           | and this is the only way I can phrase this, like a child
           | wrote it. It's embarrassing.
        
             | insane_dreamer wrote:
             | nothing new there
        
           | venusenvy47 wrote:
           | Considering that the head of the FAA and TSA were forced to
           | resign, and a hiring freeze on air traffic controllers is
           | suddenly in effect, I don't think the current government
           | wants to improve flight safety.
           | 
           | https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/air-
           | transport/2025-0...
        
             | contravariant wrote:
             | Honestly I'm expecting an executive order banning left
             | wings at this rate.
        
             | AdamN wrote:
             | Reagan fired the ATCs when they tried to assert their
             | rights - can't be good if they think they may be the next
             | in line for DOGEing.
        
               | richwater wrote:
               | > when they tried to assert their rights
               | 
               | That's an interesting way of phrasing going on an illegal
               | strike which they agreed not to do as part of their
               | employment contract.
        
               | brendoelfrendo wrote:
               | The fact that a strike can be illegal is, in and of
               | itself, an erosion of worker rights.
        
               | richwater wrote:
               | It's a compromise to ensure the functioning of the
               | country.
               | 
               | PATCO members were offered more than double % raises of
               | any other government employee with a small reduction in
               | work hours.
               | 
               | They overplayed their (illegal) hand and it bit them. No
               | sympathy.
        
               | snailmailstare wrote:
               | Everyone else was offered 2.5%?
        
               | amazingamazing wrote:
               | unpopular opinion - but public workers should not be able
               | to go on strike, and in fact shouldn't even be allowed to
               | unionize. it's antithetical to democracy. they should
               | simply run for office and change things, not hold
               | taxpayers' services hostage.
               | 
               | unions make sense for private organizations because
               | private organizations are effectively authoritarian
               | entities, not democracies. there is no mechanism in which
               | you could actually "vote" anyone out or establish a
               | leadership position by virtue of popular support, and
               | most importantly there's no constituency to air
               | grievances to
        
               | lesuorac wrote:
               | Yeah, imagine if somebody at say Google made a union as
               | opposed to just buying up 51% of the stock to vote
               | somebody out.
               | 
               | Everybody makes in-groups to advocate their positions.
               | idk why when it comes to workers people are all like "but
               | they shouldn't". Let me know when you're against the US
               | Chamber of Congress ...
        
               | nemo44x wrote:
               | I don't think that's an unpopular opinion really. Unions
               | are supposed to be an adversary of management who they
               | negotiate with, and depending on who wins the election
               | they are an ally. There's a conflict of interest. So
               | naturally the group that supports the person that wins
               | the election will have a favorable contract and be able
               | to grow their union as that's beneficial to the political
               | party and the union.
               | 
               | At the very least states should implement laws and
               | statutes that define limits and rules such as union
               | compensation must be paid with the current years revenues
               | and not with bonds that are paid for by future
               | generations, etc.
        
               | callc wrote:
               | That's a good point against unionization for government
               | employees.
               | 
               | But anti-union is against the right to assemble, and any
               | law requiring an individual to work goes against some
               | very basic freedoms (self-determination, slavery?)
               | 
               | Let's not make stripping away of freedoms a common thing
               | that employers, government or private, can do. Rights are
               | rights.
        
               | Carrok wrote:
               | > simply run for office
               | 
               | That "simply" is doing an absurd amount of heavy lifting.
        
               | rtkwe wrote:
               | The people in federal workers unions aren't in elected
               | positions, no country or government anywhere has voters
               | weigh in on every clerk, office manager, etc.... They're
               | just jobs, no one votes for them beyond in some cases
               | voting for the head of their agencies but more often by
               | voting for the people that will select the agency heads.
        
             | neuronexmachina wrote:
             | > Considering that the head of the FAA and TSA were forced
             | to resign
             | 
             | For context, the heads of the FAA and TSA are supposed to
             | serve 5-year terms. The FAA Admin (Michael Whitaker) who
             | was forced out started serving in Oct 2023. The TSA Admin
             | (David Pekoske) was first appointed in 2017, and then
             | nominated for another 5-year term in 2022.
             | 
             | As far as I'm aware, this is the first time those positions
             | have ever been told to resign by a new administration.
        
               | venusenvy47 wrote:
               | I've been avoiding the typical outrageous statements from
               | the current POTUS for many years, but his comments at his
               | press conference today, about how DEI hiring could be
               | responsible for this accident, are just unbelievable. And
               | all of a sudden it seems to have made him to decide that
               | the FAA needs a director today.
        
               | baggy_trough wrote:
               | What is unbelievable about them?
        
               | jumpman_miya wrote:
               | There are reports that qualified applicants were turned
               | away by US Gov due to DEI. But go on...
        
               | teachrdan wrote:
               | With all due respect, Hacker News is not the place for
               | making blanket assertions with no references. Please post
               | a citation if you have one. Otherwise please don't waste
               | readers' time with unfounded rumors.
        
               | j-bos wrote:
               | Poster may be referring to the complaints about the
               | devaluation of the standardized CTI process https://ojs.l
               | ibrary.okstate.edu/osu/index.php/CARI/article/d...
               | 
               | There was also a lawsuit against the last Sec of
               | Transportation which I believe was related but not too
               | sure.
        
               | seattle_spring wrote:
               | "People are saying"
               | 
               | What reports, specifically?
        
               | alistairSH wrote:
               | The same ones Trump hears, probably.
               | 
               | FAA ATC has been underfunded and understaffed for years.
               | That has nothing to do with DEI.
        
               | randomopining wrote:
               | Yeah same here. Somehow these latest today by T have gone
               | overboard and struck a chord. What an absolute bozo he
               | is.
        
         | OtherShrezzing wrote:
         | I think Boeing specifically attracts criticism due to all the
         | fatalities outside of the US in that time period.
        
           | gota wrote:
           | And the perceived sentiment that those fatalities are
           | directly linked to changes in the corporate culture that
           | emphasized 'greed' and 'middle management power structures'
           | over 'engineering focus'
           | 
           | Not saying these are true - or false - just that the
           | prevalent media coverage and social media commentary
           | (including here on HN) has been touching on these points
           | frequently. The 'good guys' at Boeing were pushed out or
           | silenced, the 'sleazy guys' won and didn't care about the
           | consequences as long as they got their payday
        
         | junaru wrote:
         | Why is this being framed as airliners fault to begin with.
         | 
         | When a fishingboat gets rammed by an cruise ship it's not
         | "cruise ship collides with fishingboat", its the reverse.
         | 
         | One is a big civilian aircraft thats being tracked and has no
         | way of making sharp course adjustments the other is a 'VIP'
         | with potentially ADS-B off.
         | 
         | Heads should fly at whatever military branch the hellicopter
         | was operated at... but they wont.
        
         | sofixa wrote:
         | > We like to throw shade at Boeing, the FAA etc, but this is
         | still an incredible accomplishment, especially given the
         | explosive growth of traffic over those years
         | 
         | To be fair to them, the Boeing-related incidents could have
         | well happened in the US and killed Americans too. And the FAA
         | absolutely refused to do their job until their hand was forced
         | by everyone else - they refused to ground the Maxes until all
         | other major air authorities did. That's also why EASA is
         | involved in the Max recertification, and the 777X
         | certification. Nobody trusts the FAA anymore.
         | 
         | And the fact that the door blowout didn't damage any part of
         | the plane is miraculous - if it had hit the vertical
         | stabiliser, the plane would have been a total loss.
         | 
         | So you're giving credit where very little is due.
        
         | happytoexplain wrote:
         | There is simply no reason to use the statistical safety of air
         | travel to excuse incidents. We can appreciate the incredible
         | feats of engineering and logistics that make air travel so safe
         | without letting the bar dip down or throwing up our hands and
         | saying "well it can't be perfect, don't throw shade" when a
         | specific organization has a specific incident.
         | 
         | Edit: To be clear, I'm referring to what you said, not to the
         | current incident.
        
           | paulddraper wrote:
           | Well it is objectively true that it can't be perfect.
        
           | wat10000 wrote:
           | We can simultaneously acknowledge this amazing safety record
           | and still want to fix issues that are found.
        
         | coryfklein wrote:
         | Can you clarify the difference between these?
         | 
         | > first fatal crash of a US commercial airliner
         | 
         | > first fatal commercial airliner crash in the United States
         | 
         | Is it that the 2009 crash was a US-manufactured plane while the
         | 2013 crash was not manufactured in the US but _happened_ in the
         | US?
        
           | hervature wrote:
           | Actually, the planes from both crashes were Bombardier, a
           | Canadian company. The first one means operated by a US
           | company and the second one refers to a crash in the US.
        
           | alistairSH wrote:
           | I believe the distinction the OP was making was foreign-
           | owned/operated airline vs domestic. Makes a small difference,
           | but not hufe, as all commericial pilots landing in the US
           | must have an FAA ATP, and the same minimum flight hours as
           | American pilots (though the quality of those hours and other
           | training may vary).
        
       | user_7832 wrote:
       | It's probably really early to ask, but in case anyone here is
       | knowledgeable and has any idea: why didn't TCAS help avoid the
       | accident? Isn't it designed for such situations where 2 aircrafts
       | collide? Do military crafts not have it or something?
        
         | kristjansson wrote:
         | Too low, most likely.
        
         | whataguy wrote:
         | It's likely both the helicopter and the jet received a TCAS
         | warning. In dense airspaces, those alerts tend to trigger
         | frequently, so there's a strong chance they may have dismissed
         | it. The CRJ crew might have been aware of the Blackhawk's
         | presence, but if the other crew had visual contact with the
         | approaching traffic (the CRJ), they might not have felt the
         | need to take further action.
        
           | m2fkxy wrote:
           | TCAS RAs are inhibited at low altitude.
        
             | dboreham wrote:
             | I've seen this comment widely. But...why doesn't TCAS show
             | the pilots at least as much information as I would have
             | seen on my phone if I'd been browsing flightradar at the
             | time? It's one thing to design a system with "don't
             | saturate the operator with audible alerts" but another to
             | say that it's appropriate to withhold very valuable
             | information from the operator ("there are loads of planes
             | in the general vicinity, but yeah look at that one coming
             | at you from the left").
        
               | m2fkxy wrote:
               | the TCAS data would have been displayed. but not on
               | instruments or in any place that you typically pay
               | attention to the most during final visual approach (ie.,
               | mostly outside).
        
         | nopzor wrote:
         | as others have said, likely too low. tcas is pretty awesome
         | (and yes, most military flights will use it), but it is
         | (deliberately) muted/degraded at low altitudes (i think around
         | 1500feet).
        
       | RA_Fisher wrote:
       | Another horrible cost of militarism.
        
       | rich_sasha wrote:
       | Maybe not related at all, but I can't help but wonder if this is
       | affected by the funding turmoil. Would a less distracted ATC
       | controller prevent this?
        
         | fastball wrote:
         | No.
        
       | snowwrestler wrote:
       | DCA has two runways. The longer runway is aligned with the
       | river's north/south direction at that point, so planes flying the
       | approach to this runway from the south track along the western
       | shore of the river, leaving the eastern shore clear for other
       | aircraft like helicopters. The vast majority of flights on
       | approach from the south [1] use this longer runway.
       | 
       | The secondary runway is set at a diagonal NW/SE. Planes flying an
       | approach from the south follow the river at first, but then loop
       | out over the eastern shore of the river to line up on that
       | runway. To my eye the radar track of the downed flight follows
       | this path. It's possible since it was a small plane and only
       | small planes can use the diagonal runway--it's shorter.
       | 
       | I mention this because this track takes planes into airspace that
       | is a) usually clear of commercial airplane traffic, and b)
       | directly over military facilities like Naval Research Lab and
       | Joint Base Bolling, which have significant military helicopter
       | travel.
       | 
       | Basically, I wonder to what extent the helicopter pilot was
       | surprised to find an airplane descending in that location.
       | 
       | [1] When flights are approaching from the north, the main runway
       | requires a pretty sharp right turn seconds before touching down.
       | Approaches to the diagonal runway from the north take planes
       | almost directly over the Pentagon.
        
         | Molitor5901 wrote:
         | The press conference this morning mentioned that this was a new
         | flight path. I wonder if the helicopter crew were not fully
         | briefed on the new path, if that is the case.
        
         | francisofascii wrote:
         | In looking at the radar recording, the plane appears to be
         | approaching from the south going north (very slightly east),
         | than diverts northwest to land on the runway, as you describe.
        
         | GlenTheMachine wrote:
         | I work at NRL, east of DCA and about 500 yards south of the
         | crash. Can confirm that it is not unusual for flights to pass
         | directly overhead of us, however I don't understand the
         | statement that this was a new flight path.
        
           | dboreham wrote:
           | What it means is that the aircraft was on approach into
           | runway 1 (ILS) and then on ATC instruction changed runway to
           | 33 (no ILS). This required a "jog" in flight path -- a slight
           | right turn followed by a left turn, to account for the
           | different orientation between the runways. You can see the
           | turns on the ADS data. Crash happened right at the end of the
           | second turn.
        
         | rtkwe wrote:
         | It wasn't a surprise, the ATC recording is out there already
         | [0], also while it's a less common approach path it's not
         | exactly new or that unusual military traffic has to deal with
         | the commercial traffic all the time in that area.
         | 
         | [0] Crash happens around 8:21 the chopper pilot is advised of
         | and reports traffic in sight at around 7:06 and 8:12
         | https://archives.broadcastify.com/44114/20250129/20250129200...
        
       | vman81 wrote:
       | If anyone needs a palate cleanser after listening to a depressing
       | ATC recording, I can recommend this heartwarming first time solo
       | flying teenager dealing with her landing gear coming off after
       | takeoff. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kZ5q7Iv5wTM
        
         | Reubachi wrote:
         | The amount of times i've wtched this video needing an excuse to
         | feel hype is greater than 10.
         | 
         | Her personal instructor finally arriving ("Maggie it's john")
         | and Maggie starting to normalize the situation/making
         | professonal raido calls really show the power of humanity
         | working through struggle.
        
         | dibujaron wrote:
         | This was great, thanks!
        
         | kirtakat wrote:
         | Gods, her "OK" at 30seconds is fucking heart wrenching.
        
           | Sohcahtoa82 wrote:
           | The absolute terror she must have felt. All she could
           | probably think of was that she was not going to survive that
           | flight.
           | 
           | Though it sounds like she successfully landed it without any
           | injury.
        
         | coryfklein wrote:
         | Thank you so much for sharing this. Probably the most
         | wholesome, scary, heartening thing I've seen this year.
        
         | bolognafairy wrote:
         | I've watched this countless times and I'll watch it countless
         | times more.
        
       | wnevets wrote:
       | Whose idea was it to gut aviation safety?
        
       | outside1234 wrote:
       | The Boeing-ification of the federal government, in which
       | everything is stripped down to below what is actually required to
       | be safe, is in full effect.
        
       | nycdatasci wrote:
       | AV Herald has a great summary and discussion:
       | https://avherald.com/h?article=52374362&opt=0
        
       | GlenTheMachine wrote:
       | I work at a Navy installation on the Potomac just south of DCA.
       | As of 10 am EST today there was a moderate police and rescue
       | presence on the water. There is a significant amount of debris
       | visible floating in the river, and the boats are fishing it out
       | piece by piece. The only things in the air are a handful of
       | helicopters, presumably related to the search operation.
        
       | r00fus wrote:
       | I wonder if this administration's firing of many FAA civil
       | positions and the federal worker "buyouts" are responsible.
        
         | rapnie wrote:
         | Just learned about it here: https://fallows.substack.com/p/it-
         | had-been-16-years-since-a-...
         | 
         | Likely more affected are learning about the aftermath via
         | investigation, but I am not sure.
         | 
         | Edit: No wait, that article mentioned the disbanding of
         | Aviation Security Advisory Committee a week ago.
        
         | JadoJodo wrote:
         | I'll bite. How are you thinking that might've contributed to
         | the crash?
        
         | davidw wrote:
         | The intelligent response would be "probably not, but we'll see
         | what the investigation says".
         | 
         | But imagine if the tables were turned politically. Fox News
         | would be going off 24/7 about "DEI" or some such for weeks on
         | end. That strategy seems to be successful, so I would expect
         | the other side to start employing it more as well.
         | 
         | Having a bunch of harried, overworked people stressed about
         | their jobs and the future certainly doesn't _help_ anything, in
         | any case.
        
           | TheGRS wrote:
           | Yea I had the same thought, its a ticky-tacky thing to say
           | right now, but I wouldn't expect any more from the other side
           | either.
        
             | davidw wrote:
             | And there it is. He's out there saying it right now.
        
               | TheGRS wrote:
               | Yep, I should have expected it honestly. This is a pretty
               | great opening for an aspiring Democratic leader right
               | now, there are no sacred topics for political clout
               | anymore.
        
           | fundad wrote:
           | RW media and the POTUS himself is making the dubious claim
           | that DEI practices are responsible for low standards of
           | hiring for air traffic controllers in the FAA during the
           | Biden presidency.
           | 
           | I don't think POTUS was serious because he also claimed
           | people shouldn't be hesitant to fly.
           | 
           | 'He is later asked by a reporter if people should be hesitant
           | to fly, and he says: "No, not at all."'
           | 
           | https://www.bbc.com/news/live/cy7kxx74yxlt
        
             | davidw wrote:
             | Basically, their idea is that only white men can do these
             | kinds of jobs. It's just racism.
        
               | fundad wrote:
               | It results in more questions than answers. Like why was
               | the impact of DEI on ATC competence overlooked by the
               | Commander-in-Chief and DOD when training mission in DC
               | airspace began?
        
           | archagon wrote:
           | There is no Fox News equivalent for the left, though. In
           | fact, most of the US media seems to be owned by or otherwise
           | aligned with the right.
        
         | snailmailstare wrote:
         | As long as it also affects the investigation to find out its
         | all the same to a psychopath.
        
       | TheRealPomax wrote:
       | "Commercial jet collides with helicopter during landing", while
       | not the article title, would be _far_ more accurate.
        
       | throw0101c wrote:
       | "FAA Got Rid of Its Leader Before D.C. Plane Crash--Thanks to
       | Elon Musk":
       | 
       | * https://newrepublic.com/post/190942/faa-no-leader-dc-plane-c...
       | 
       | "FAA Administrator Quit on Jan. 20 After Elon Musk Told Him to
       | Resign":
       | 
       | * https://www.thedailybeast.com/faa-chief-michael-whitaker-qui...
       | 
       | "The FAA is facing a major crisis without a leader because Elon
       | Musk pushed him out*
       | 
       | * https://www.theverge.com/news/603113/faa-chief-musk-dc-plane...
        
         | dehrmann wrote:
         | If we see more accidents a year from now, you have a point. The
         | most you can really blame on leadership changes right now is
         | stress from worrying about your next paycheck. Even then, this
         | _looks_ like a military pilot screwed up doing a routine
         | training exercise.
        
           | dboreham wrote:
           | Probably, but that pilot was it seems operating within a very
           | risky environment (being able to see and avoid a plane in the
           | dark in a place with many such planes and other lighted
           | objects) that with hindsight should not have existed. I'd
           | certainly never have flown on a plane into DCA if I had known
           | that military helicopters were routinely buzzing around in
           | the same airspace with no technological deconfliction aids.
        
           | fundad wrote:
           | It's important to consider what the administration was
           | focused on during a life-or-death crisis.
        
         | CivBase wrote:
         | Gotta find a way to blame every tragedy on the politicians we
         | don't like, huh? Trump is out there blaming Biden's
         | administration for hiring bad ATC under the banner of DEI.
         | Meanwhile, his detractors blame him and Musk for letting go of
         | some FAA administrator.
         | 
         | But of couse neither of those explanations are likely to hold
         | water. The sad, mundane reality is these people probably lost
         | their lives due to a miscommunication or misunderstanding
         | between ATC and the helicopter pilots. And this political
         | mudslinging will probably get in the way of us ever
         | implementing process changes so it doesn't happen again.
        
           | AnimalMuppet wrote:
           | No, the political mudslinging is not yet at the level where
           | it will interfere with the methodological investigation of
           | the circumstances, and making and implementing
           | recommendations so that it does not happen again.
           | 
           | The political mudslinging will distract the general
           | population from that process, but that's all right - they
           | weren't involved in it anyway.
        
           | throw0101c wrote:
           | > _Trump is out there blaming Biden 's administration for
           | hiring bad ATC under the banner of DEI._
           | 
           | The policies were in place since 2013, and somehow were not a
           | problem during Trump's first term (2016-2020).
           | 
           | > _Meanwhile, his detractors blame him and Musk for letting
           | go of some FAA administrator._
           | 
           | The FAA administrator in question was around for about a
           | year, and had a term until 2028, so there's no need to push
           | him out now.
           | 
           | And the crash is not the fault of Biden or Trump, but there
           | is unnecessary chaos because of Trump _et al_.
        
       | Yeul wrote:
       | "Trump blames diversity rules under his predecessors, saying he
       | believes people were hired for air traffic control roles who were
       | not qualified - but offers no evidence for this"
       | 
       | From the BBC. I swear to god they made 4chan president of
       | America.
        
         | okvariation2323 wrote:
         | There is some evidence for this, unfortunately
         | 
         | https://www.tracingwoodgrains.com/p/the-faas-hiring-scandal-...
        
       | JTbane wrote:
       | Real talk, the helicopter was operating night VFR, right? How is
       | this safe when the jet is moving extremely fast relative to the
       | chopper and the only separation is a visual reference to some
       | navigation lights?
        
         | alistairSH wrote:
         | Right or wrong, the US has fewer (but not quite zero) limits on
         | night-time VFR.
         | 
         | This differs from some of the EU, where night VFR can have more
         | stringent operating parameters than day-time VFR.
        
         | jahewson wrote:
         | It's not. That's the simple answer. Accident waiting to happen.
        
       | gepardi wrote:
       | Why is a Blackhawk helicopter Performing a "training flight" at
       | night very close to DCA?
        
         | RandomBacon wrote:
         | Presumably because they might have to fly a regular flight at
         | night very close to DCA?
         | 
         | Imagine if there was VIP onboard, especially if it was foreign
         | VIP.
        
         | kube-system wrote:
         | Because DCA is right beside a couple of military bases, the
         | headquarters of the US military, and the political capital of
         | the US.
         | 
         | These helicopters are _always_ going up and down the Potomac
         | all the time.
        
         | alistairSH wrote:
         | I'm pretty sure "training flight" in this context simply means
         | they weren't actively carrying passengers. And it's not
         | indicative of a junior or unqualified pilot (doesn't rule it
         | out, just can't infer much from the phrase in this context).
         | 
         | At the extreme, fighter pilots fly almost exclusively training
         | flights because we're not actively waging war at the moment.
         | 
         | There are a few military bases in the area - Belvior (Army),
         | Quantico (USMC), Andrews (USAF), Pentagon, and some smaller
         | ones (some of which have helipads, but no helicopters on
         | station). And lots of shuttling of DoD and other government
         | VIPs from location to location across the DC metro area.
        
           | warner25 wrote:
           | Yes, the public needs to understand this. That unit's [1]
           | task is to provide transportation to senior government
           | officials and security forces around the capital, including
           | to and from that airport. If they didn't train to operate
           | there, then their first time doing so would be with someone
           | like the Secretary of Defense onboard or during some other
           | mission that's critical to national security.
           | 
           | And the aviators assigned to that unit are typically more
           | senior people who've already done a tour or two with more
           | conventional units. Source: I'm a career Army officer and
           | former Black Hawk pilot.
           | 
           | [1] https://jtfncr.mdw.army.mil/TAAB/
        
       | kranke155 wrote:
       | A real tragedy.
       | 
       | Here on HN someone mentioned after a recent (last year) near miss
       | that the US system was overloading the system and that some
       | tragedy might be incoming. Maybe of the most insightful and heart
       | breaking "competency crisis" related posts I've encountered.
        
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