[HN Gopher] Ask HN: Why buy domains and 301 redirect them to me?
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       Ask HN: Why buy domains and 301 redirect them to me?
        
       Say I'm running a SaaS product, example.com.  Somebody has bought
       several domains like getexample.com, buyexample.io,
       joinexample.net, and is 301 redirecting them to example.com.
       What's their play here? Is this setup for a phishing attack in the
       future? Are they just going to try and sell the domains to me in
       the future? Not encountered behaviour like this before (or at
       least, I don't know if this is the beginning phase of a common
       scam)
        
       Author : HughParry
       Score  : 184 points
       Date   : 2025-01-24 13:20 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
       | joehx2 wrote:
       | People do this for SEO purposes. They think that this increases
       | the amount of backlinks to their site, thus increasing their rank
       | in Google and other search engines.
       | 
       | This is less true than it used to be, but people still do it.
        
         | lupire wrote:
         | Backlinks to _which_ site?
         | 
         | The fraudulent domains are only sending traffic to OP.
         | 
         | My guess is that they want to either phish visitors, or they
         | want to ask OP for affiliate revenue, like a digital version of
         | the guys who wash your windshield or your shoes without asking
         | first, and then ask for money.
         | 
         | Or planning to threaten to divert organic traffic through the
         | impersonation domains away from the canonical domain, if you
         | don't pay them.
        
           | MattyK_ wrote:
           | "Wash your winshield" lol are you South African?
        
         | HughParry wrote:
         | Sure, but it's not their site, it's mine!
         | 
         | And they're not obvious mouse slips like redirecting googl.com
         | -> google.com - they're more of the form <verb>mydomain.com.
         | 
         | I was mostly interested in what the actual play from them here
         | is tbh
        
           | TheGeminon wrote:
           | Maybe they'll try to build up traffic to your site from those
           | domains and then push to sell them to you/extort by removing
           | the redirects?
        
             | HughParry wrote:
             | Just feels like such an odd play lol. If they could
             | organically generate leads/traffic that I'd be willing to
             | get extorted over, then surely they would also have the
             | means to start a marketing agency that I'd be willing to
             | pay far more for?
        
       | phoe-krk wrote:
       | They'll weaponize them at some point. How exactly is to be seen,
       | but if people associate your product with domains you do not
       | control (e.g. via SEO searches and hyperlinks left in public
       | places), then everyone is on the hook the moment these domains
       | stop redirecting to your service.
        
         | eastbound wrote:
         | Yes, they can send legit-looking email with getexample.com,
         | then people will accept those emails as trusted, such as
         | lifecycle emails.
         | 
         | Then they send an invoice...
        
       | napsterbr wrote:
       | Whatever their play, detect and drop the redirects. Good job on
       | noticing it early on!
        
         | HughParry wrote:
         | Presumably just throwing a 403 if they have this referrer is ok
         | and won't have a weird SEO impact or something?
        
           | thiago_fm wrote:
           | No, and the earlier you do the better.
           | 
           | Later it might have
        
           | jsheard wrote:
           | Couldn't the attacker evade that by sending _Referrer-Policy:
           | no-referrer_ with their redirect?
        
             | HughParry wrote:
             | Good shout. Can always block based on origin header though
             | (when under the assumption that it's a legit browser) since
             | it's a forbidden header name.
             | 
             | https://developer.mozilla.org/en-
             | US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Or...
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | I just tested on firefox and it doesn't send the "Origin"
               | header when using referrerpolicy="no-referrer". It's also
               | not present when navigating using the url bar directly.
        
               | kbolino wrote:
               | Neither the Origin nor the Referer headers have anything
               | to do with a 301 redirect.
        
         | kbolino wrote:
         | You cannot detect a 301 redirect when you're only in control of
         | the destination.
        
           | eastbound wrote:
           | Not through the referrer?
        
             | kbolino wrote:
             | If you go straight to bad-domain.com which redirects to
             | good-domain.com, there will be no referer at all.
             | 
             | If you click a link on red-herring.com which points to bad-
             | domain.com, which then redirects to good-domain.com, the
             | referer will be red-herring.com.
             | 
             | HTTP redirects have no effect on the referer.
        
       | wpdb wrote:
       | mostly for phishing (if you're successful), to send e-mail
       | looking like from you
        
         | HanClinto wrote:
         | This sounds very plausible. Then if they click on their link or
         | manually type in the website corresponding to the e-mail
         | address, it goes to your (very official) site.
         | 
         | Of all the answers presented so far, this one feels the most
         | plausible to me.
        
       | Rauchg wrote:
       | It's possible `/` redirects but other hidden routes phish. If
       | someone gets e.g.: a fake password reset email, it might help the
       | attacker bypass sanity checks users make.
        
         | ActionHank wrote:
         | Also helps create phishing report "false" flags.
         | 
         | If I target a specific region with a phishing link and redirect
         | if the requestor is not in that region I can probably maintain
         | my phishing domains for longer.
        
       | lpellis wrote:
       | Do you have an affiliate plan, or likely to have one? Maybe they
       | plan to redirect with their affiliate ID at some point?
        
         | HughParry wrote:
         | Don't have an affiliate program, and I don't think we've got
         | anything to suggest we will have one in the future (frankly our
         | billing process is pretty bare bones and affiliate stuff isn't
         | something we're looking at right now).
         | 
         | We're a small bot security/captcha company and pretty regularly
         | get various attacks thrown at us - figuring out if somebody is
         | up to something more along those lines was my main concern.
        
       | tyleo wrote:
       | Can you provide more information about what's in the headers?
       | Additionally, are there any tracking parameters appended to the
       | URL?
       | 
       | I'm guessing it will look normal but it could provide some
       | insights if something weird is there.
        
         | HughParry wrote:
         | Just had a look - looks like pretty regular/reasonable
         | cloudflare default stuff as far as I can tell. The headers
         | relating to error reporting are the only thing that stand out a
         | little, though it doesn't look unreasonable.
         | 
         | ---
         | 
         | Headers
         | 
         | ---
         | 
         | HTTP/2 301
         | 
         | date: Fri, 24 Jan 2025 13:59:51 GMT
         | 
         | content-type: text/html
         | 
         | content-length: 167
         | 
         | location: <the website in question>
         | 
         | cache-control: max-age=3600
         | 
         | expires: Fri, 24 Jan 2025 14:59:51 GMT
         | 
         | report-to: {"endpoints":[{"url":"https:\/\/a.nel.cloudflare.com
         | \/report\/v4?s=JZu4FOa%2ByynaFOXWYlxaePF9KdRQ0qGUJkfm1F1aK2m3VE
         | x6idlvWlb5go%2B08hgSog1zm1zuMobXcVK2BkR4mQD0SEGU%2Bzp2oC6mXPgQs
         | %2FUzvOH7LbqAG96jtf9KNqemV8Q%3D"}],"group":"cf-
         | nel","max_age":604800}
         | 
         | nel: {"success_fraction":0,"report_to":"cf-
         | nel","max_age":604800}
         | 
         | server: cloudflare
         | 
         | cf-ray: 90708be24810e8fe-LHR
         | 
         | alt-svc: h3=":443"; ma=86400
         | 
         | server-timing: cfL4;desc="?proto=TCP&rtt=59748&min_rtt=41108&rt
         | t_var=43898&sent=7&recv=8&lost=0&retrans=1&sent_bytes=3535&recv
         | _bytes=789&delivery_rate=33797&cwnd=225&unsent_bytes=0&cid=e505
         | 2200af7e27a5&ts=145&x=0"
        
           | jcoby wrote:
           | If you are seeing 301s logged on your end that is your site
           | redirecting to another one.
           | 
           | There isn't a way to see what a referring site did to do the
           | redirect (301 or 302 or even a js redirect) in your logs. All
           | you'll see is (potentially) the Referer http header.
        
       | bhouston wrote:
       | I haven't seen this before but back in the early 2010s I had some
       | India-based group that iframed our SaaS website under a new
       | domain. I caught it early and implemented this fix:
       | https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2896623/how-to-prevent-m...
       | 
       | I think this was a common attack vector around then, but is no
       | longer common.
        
         | Beijinger wrote:
         | Stupid question:
         | 
         | Can you not detect and prevent this based on the HTTP referrer?
         | Maybe reroute to goatse or something....
        
           | sgerenser wrote:
           | Consider rerouting to a picture of an egg in an soft-boiled
           | egg cup with an uncanny resemblance to male anatomy.
        
           | mr-wendel wrote:
           | I'm sure I don't really have to point this out, but...
           | 
           | The last thing you would ever want to do is associate your
           | domain name with gross, offensive content like this. The web
           | is crawled all the time for snapshot data.
           | 
           | Additionally, you're more likely to cause your own
           | (potential) users to stumble on this than anything else.
           | 
           | IMO, the best policy is almost always transparency. If you
           | were to redirect users (and referrer-based redirects are a
           | fragile thing), send them to a phishing/spam awareness page
           | and explain that they most likely arrived from such a source.
        
           | d4mi3n wrote:
           | Pretty sure content-securty-policy headers can prevent this
           | type of attack these days for browsers that support them.
           | Check out the frame-ancestors CSP directive:
           | https://developer.mozilla.org/en-
           | US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Co...
        
         | AbstractH24 wrote:
         | Seeing Google's Picasa mentioned in an answer on that
         | stackoverflow was a real throwback
        
       | skirge wrote:
       | it can bypass some whitelisting if you for example have redirects
       | checking if address is example.com but validation is poorly
       | written ("startswith", "contains") , on login page or anywhere
       | else.
        
       | teddyh wrote:
       | Check out Google's Disavow Links Tool.
        
       | jfoster wrote:
       | I don't know if it still happens, but Google used to have an
       | issue that I would see in Verbatim mode whereby non-Wikipedia
       | domains would rank as particular Wikipedia pages by redirecting
       | to Wikipedia. I can't seem to replicate it now, so it might be
       | resolved or vary from country to country.
       | 
       | I posted about it at the time, but no one seemed to be able to
       | replicate it:
       | 
       | https://x.com/jfozonx/status/1570710776540958723
       | 
       | Always wondered how much traffic those domains were accumulating.
       | Even though it was an edge case, it must've been quite a lot in
       | aggregate.
        
       | yesthis wrote:
       | Yes, phishing. It might happen in the future, it could be
       | happening right now, emails from getexample.com, a specific path
       | on getexample.com that doesn't redirect to the real thing, etc.
       | 
       | File a DMCA with the registrar and the hosting provider.
        
       | ardillamorris wrote:
       | Their play is to send emails with those domains but in the emails
       | claiming to be you and when people reading the email go to the
       | domain, they see your page (they got redirected).
        
       | pcbmaker20 wrote:
       | I think you can check the HTTP_REFERER header and block the
       | redirect using your back-end code, like PHP or Node or Python,
       | not sure what tech stack you are using.
        
         | colechristensen wrote:
         | You can do the same with a load balancer or reverse proxy like
         | nginx, and I'd generally prefer do to so at that layer.
        
         | sgc wrote:
         | The right play might be to have a custom landing page or header
         | / popup on your site indicating that they were referred by a
         | fraudulent domain, and to please bookmark your proper domain /
         | report if this was via an email link. The traffic might be
         | good, just coming in through a bad actor.
        
           | gwbas1c wrote:
           | No, just redirect back to HTTP_REFERER. Why?
           | 
           | The user's browser will display a redirect loop error; and
           | most importantly, they won't see your domain.
           | 
           | It keeps your name out of it and makes the email domain look
           | even more fishy.
        
             | sgc wrote:
             | If somebody is using your website to phish, it almost
             | certainly means they are targeting people who legitimately
             | want your services. It is an executive decision, but I
             | personally would let people know, and take the free
             | advertising.
        
             | kbolino wrote:
             | Redirecting back to the referer will not create a redirect
             | loop. The referer is the URL of the site that linked to the
             | redirect, not the redirect itself. The redirect does not
             | alter the referer in any way. In many cases, there will be
             | no referer at all.
             | 
             | I don't know why everyone seems to think that HTTP
             | redirects are visible in Referer (or Origin or any other
             | header), but that's just not the case: HTTP redirects are
             | completely transparent to the destination server.
        
               | Cpoll wrote:
               | > I don't know why everyone seems to think that HTTP
               | redirects are visible in Referer
               | 
               | They would be if it's a same-origin redirect, no? And I
               | was under the impression that 3xx also set it cross
               | origin (barring a referrer-policy header), though I'm
               | less confident now. (I can't test it ATM).
               | 
               | Edit: I am clearly confused. The browser preserves the
               | original referer when performing a 3xx, as you said.
        
         | kbolino wrote:
         | The referer is the site that sent the user to the redirect, not
         | the redirect itself. You cannot detect 301s from the
         | destination only.
        
       | kevinsync wrote:
       | This feels like a never-ending cat and mouse activity, but
       | depending upon your hosting infrastructure, you ought to be able
       | to maintain a list of these domains and 403/404 incoming requests
       | that are being referred from the list. Better to just dump them
       | to an error / scam warning page than 301 them out to somewhere
       | else (to avoid redirect loops)
        
       | bongodongobob wrote:
       | I did this for a fraudulent health product. They had .org but not
       | .com. Registered .com and redirected it. Waited for SEO to pick
       | up on it. Created the page calling it out as fraud. Created some
       | social media accounts and put the .com in the about info. Started
       | commenting on their posts, anyone that looked at the fake
       | profiles would find my page with info on why it was fraudulent.
        
       | TrueDuality wrote:
       | As others have mentioned this is likely one of a couple of
       | scenarios, roughly ordered by my guess on likelihood:
       | 
       | - Attempting to use your legitimate content and services to
       | improve the SEO rank of other domains (even unrelated ones). This
       | can usually be checked by looking for a sitemap.xml, there will
       | be pages not redirected to your site that contain pages of links.
       | 
       | - Closely following the above, the pages may not be links to
       | other sites but might be hosting phishing pages for other
       | services unrelated to yours. The redirect here acts as a bluff
       | for casual inspection of the domain. You won't see page entries
       | in a sitemap.xml file for these ones.
       | 
       | - Attempting to "age" a domain. Not many talk about this option,
       | but new domains are a red flag to a lot of automated security
       | processes. When purchasing a domain and giving it a history
       | associated with a legitimate service they make the domain look
       | less suspicious for future malicious use.
       | 
       | - Preparation for a targeted campaign. This is pretty unlikely,
       | you need to be really worth a dedicated long term campaign effort
       | specifically against you or your company. If you're doing
       | controversial/novel research, are managing millions of dollars,
       | performing a service a state actor would object to, or have high
       | profile clientele then maybe you fall into this category. These
       | are patient campaigns and want to make the domain "feel normal
       | and official". They won't do anything public with the domain such
       | as SEO tweaking or link spam, they'll use these domains only for
       | specific targeted one-off low-noise attacks. They're relying on
       | staff to see that the domain has been connected to your service
       | for years and is likely just a domain someone in marketing
       | purchased and forgot about. This is exceptionally rare.
        
         | meigwilym wrote:
         | I think the first one is pretty likely.
         | 
         | OP, you can search for "site:getexample.com" which will list
         | you any pages that have been indexed for that domain. They
         | _might_ have just redirected the homepage. Worth a shot.
        
         | dccoolgai wrote:
         | It could be a combo of 1 and 3: a competitor (or someone who
         | thinks they might be in the future) ages those domains, then
         | points it to their own product later.
        
           | TrueDuality wrote:
           | This is another great call-out and semi-common. I can
           | definitely get blinded by my security focus but shady
           | business tactics drive a lot of these similar domain
           | purchases for exactly the reason you described.
        
         | IncreasePosts wrote:
         | Regarding point two, OP should connect to a VPN in Japan or
         | somewhere he very isn't, use incognito mode, and see if the
         | same content is served. I've seen hacked sites that are set up
         | to serve normal content to where the attacker thinks the owner
         | of the site lives, but serve phishing content or malware or
         | whatever to everywhere else.
         | 
         | A 301 fits that bill because then the owners browser even when
         | traveling will serve the good content
        
           | TrueDuality wrote:
           | Yeah this is a good call-out. If the site is being used for
           | drive-by or targeted malware there are other checks that may
           | be happening alongside the redirect such as user agent,
           | country of origin (like you mentioned), plugins installed,
           | OS, or even time of day.
           | 
           | If they detect something that matches what they want, they
           | may throw some intermediate 301's to pages that attempt to
           | infect the user with something still ultimately redirecting
           | to the "normal" page.
        
             | SlightlyLeftPad wrote:
             | Just a note 301s are super sticky and browsers cache them
             | even across incognito modes. Your best bet is to use a new
             | browser after reconnecting to avoid false results.
        
               | nneonneo wrote:
               | Really? That seems like a fantastic way to fingerprint
               | people. I would be a bit surprised if that was the
               | case...
               | 
               | (Fingerprint usage: have
               | https://myfingerprint.example.com 301 to
               | https://myfingerprint.example.com/unique_id_3b136c1cb,
               | then embed https://myfingerprint.example.com in an iframe
               | and see which request is made.)
        
               | kqr wrote:
               | I'm not GP but a decade ago when I started out as a web
               | developer I made the mistake of using 301s in production
               | and at the time we never figured out how to get the
               | browser to re-learn the responses for those pages without
               | drastic measures.
               | 
               | I still never use 301s for that reason. Things may have
               | changed, but I dare not try!
        
               | SlightlyLeftPad wrote:
               | Interesting use case actually. I had never thought of
               | this. I wonder if it's used in the wild
        
           | nneonneo wrote:
           | Or, try a mobile user-agent. I've seen loads of phishing
           | pages that will only serve their malicious payloads to phones
           | - this is especially common with the scams that are sent via
           | SMS.
        
           | preinheimer wrote:
           | Our service testlocal.ly can grab screenshots for you from
           | different countries really quickly if you want a free check.
        
         | tracker1 wrote:
         | I'd add canonical link elements to your html and http headers
         | in order to reduce the chances of subversion somehow. The whole
         | thing feels really weird to me.
        
         | HenryBemis wrote:
         | Bait and switch? Get users t bookmark the joinexample.com, and
         | the others, and once they notice that people keep going to your
         | side via their domain names, they will switch, make a fake
         | "change password" and will be ripped off.
        
       | antithesis-nl wrote:
       | Phishing. Regular visits to these domains will 301 redirect them
       | to you, but there's at least one URL that will instead be handled
       | by the scammers themselves.
       | 
       | They'll then send out an email campaign with a From: address in
       | the counterfeit domain (which will have valid SPF/DKIM/whatever),
       | a subject like "Example.com: You've been invited to join a
       | project!", quickly-come-see-this-secret-stuff body copy, and a
       | call-to-action button linked to that URL.
       | 
       | The page hosted on the URL will have your branding and
       | everything, and collect a bunch of personal information and/or
       | access credentials for the scammers.
       | 
       | Taking down this stuff is tedious, but you can try -- least you
       | can do for now is display a prominent 'this is not an authorized
       | example.com domain' warning for inbound visits from these
       | redirects, create a public Knowledge Base-like article warning
       | about this abuse as well (making very clear this has nothing to
       | do with you), and block the domains involved on your inbound mail
       | server.
       | 
       | Silver lining: apparently your SaaS is successful enough to be
       | used as a lure for scammers. Congrats?
        
         | kbolino wrote:
         | You cannot detect the redirect, so you cannot display any such
         | warning.
        
       | zachrip wrote:
       | Another alternative is that they will hijack those links once
       | they gain traction in search results. Almost as a hedge against
       | your future success.
        
       | codegeek wrote:
       | Could be for phishing. Is the SAAS in a domain that involves
       | money (payments/crypto etc) ? Then even more likely so. I would
       | drop those redirects at my webserver level. Easy to d0.
        
       | caseyy wrote:
       | I've seen one or two domains like that serving 301s to some IPs
       | and their own website to others. This could be a 1000:1 ratio.
       | Then they serve an absolutely ad-infested parking page-style
       | website to those others. And that's how they skim a little bit of
       | revenue off your customers.
       | 
       | They may also represent you to real life businesses for invoice
       | scams or credit.
       | 
       | Rare but possible scenarios worth considering.
        
       | aftbit wrote:
       | https://prosopo.io/
        
       | bell-cot wrote:
       | Whatever their plan - if you have a trademark or similar IP
       | protection on "Example", that might be prove extremely useful
       | here. (If not - consider getting some protection ASAP.)
       | 
       | It's been a while, and IANAL - but I've seen both domain
       | resellers and registrars cave pretty quickly when contacted with
       | "that name very obviously infringes on our trademark".
        
       | djsamseng wrote:
       | Check if your site has any manual actions against it.
       | https://support.google.com/webmasters/answer/9044175?sjid=11....
       | 
       | They might be trying to create toxic back links to their domains
       | and if those domains 301 to your domain, I believe this can
       | negatively impact the SEO of your domain (from what I read). If
       | so you can try to disavow them
       | https://support.google.com/webmasters/answer/2648487?hl=en
        
       | maremmano wrote:
       | It's likely an attempt to steal usernames and passwords for
       | privilege escalation. I had a large corporate client who faced a
       | very similar issue. In their case, the scammer not only
       | registered similar domains but also created Google Ads campaigns
       | targeting those domains. It's worth investigating further and
       | taking preventative measures to protect your brand and users.
       | 
       | Check this: https://github.com/kgretzky/evilginx2
        
       | QuantumGood wrote:
       | I created this summary for my own reference:
       | 
       | ------ SEO Abuse:
       | 
       | Use your legitimate site to boost the SEO rank of unrelated
       | domains. Create toxic backlinks that harm your domain's SEO
       | ranking if not properly disavowed.
       | 
       | ----- Phishing Campaigns:
       | 
       | Send emails with their domains (e.g., fake password reset or
       | invite emails) claiming to be you, redirecting users to phishing
       | pages masquerading as your brand.
       | 
       | Serve phishing content to users based on conditions such as
       | geography, user agent, or time of day.
       | 
       | ----- Domain Aging:
       | 
       | "Age" their domain by associating it with your legitimate service
       | to make it appear trustworthy for future malicious activities.
       | Targeted Malware:
       | 
       | Use redirects to detect vulnerable users and deliver malware or
       | drive-by attacks to those targets while serving legitimate
       | content to others. Regional Phishing or Malware Delivery:
       | 
       | Redirect normal traffic to your site while targeting specific
       | regions for phishing or malware, avoiding detection for longer
       | periods.
       | 
       | ----- Hijacking Search Results:
       | 
       | Build up search engine traffic for their domains by associating
       | them with your brand and later weaponize the domains (e.g., for
       | phishing or fraud). Affiliate Fraud:
       | 
       | Redirect traffic with an affiliate ID (if you use affiliate
       | links), attempting to claim commissions fraudulently. Brand
       | Impersonation:
       | 
       | Use domains similar to your brand to impersonate your service,
       | potentially harming your reputation.
       | 
       | ----- Extortion/Domain Ransom:
       | 
       | Build traffic or search relevance on their domains and later
       | attempt to extort money from you by offering to stop the redirect
       | or sell the domain.
       | 
       | ----- Invoice Scams:
       | 
       | Represent your service fraudulently to businesses for invoice
       | scams or credit fraud.
       | 
       | ----- Bypass Sanity Checks:
       | 
       | Use 301 redirects to bypass user sanity checks, tricking users
       | into believing they are visiting legitimate sites.
       | 
       | ---- Traffic Monetization:
       | 
       | Use ad-infested parking pages for a fraction of the traffic and
       | redirect the rest to your site to generate revenue.
       | 
       | ----- Reputation Damage:
       | 
       | Cause your brand to be associated with scam or phishing domains,
       | which can harm public perception and trust.
       | 
       | ----- Legal Liability:
       | 
       | Misuse of your brand or domain to commit fraud could lead to
       | potential legal complications for you.
       | 
       | ----- False Phishing Reports:
       | 
       | Cause false flags in phishing reports, harming your brand
       | credibility and delaying the takedown of malicious domains.
       | Hidden Routes for Malicious Content:
       | 
       | Redirect general traffic to you while hosting specific malicious
       | routes (e.g., URLs hosting phishing or malware).
       | 
       | ----- Impersonation via Emails:
       | 
       | Send emails claiming to be your service, and when users visit the
       | domain, they see your page after a redirect, adding legitimacy to
       | the scam.
       | 
       | ----- Scam Awareness Manipulation:
       | 
       | Target your traffic by hosting fraudulent educational content or
       | warnings related to your domain to sow distrust.
       | 
       | -------------------------- Mitigation Strategies:
       | --------------------------
       | 
       | * Monitor Backlinks: Regularly check backlinks and disavow toxic
       | links using Google's Disavow Links Tool.
       | 
       | * HTTP Referrer Checks: Implement referrer or origin header-based
       | redirects to flag and warn users arriving via fraudulent domains.
       | 
       | * Warn Users: Create a visible warning for users redirected from
       | suspicious domains.
       | 
       | * Trademark/IP Enforcement: Leverage trademark protections to
       | take action against impersonating domains.
       | 
       | * Manual Domain Actions: Periodically check for indexed pages and
       | investigate potential abuses of similar or related domains.
        
       | alberth wrote:
       | OT: How did you detect this?
       | 
       | Just curious, seems like something we should all start monitoring
       | for.
        
       | lynndotpy wrote:
       | Another possibility: Does your example.com point to something
       | with an ideological or humanitarian goal?
       | 
       | There was a humanitarian charity I've donated to, and I saw
       | people erroneously linking to the wrong URLs when spreading news
       | of it. (Say, `foobar.org` and `boofar.com` when the charity is at
       | `boofar.org`.)
       | 
       | So, I just bought the URLs and had them redirect to the correct
       | URL, before a bad actor could snap them up.
        
       | amyames wrote:
       | I can answer this one because it was one of my dirtier SEO
       | tricks.
       | 
       | Expired domains and Domains on the marketplace, with hundreds or
       | thousands of "backlinks" to them, are valuable. In the listing
       | you may see something like "20000 back links." And those links
       | are usually worthless , spam, and will vanish as soon as you buy.
       | But you can find domains that have real backlinks. TEN backlinks
       | from reputable websites are more valuable than a thousand spam
       | BLs.
       | 
       | You used to be able to buy and run software , "backlinks
       | explorer" to investigate everyone who links to a domain you're
       | thinking about buying. And you can also research a "20000
       | backlinks" claim to see if this is just someone spamming that
       | domain all over blogger and forums.
       | 
       | A good domain to buy will have legit backlinks from real websites
       | that the website linked on purpose. If it's been spammed
       | thousands of times for a "5000 backlinks claim" , expect google
       | to punish it!
       | 
       | Because if you 301 them to your site, google et al assume you're
       | the legitimate successor to that website and people mean to link
       | to you.
       | 
       | So you come up higher in search.
       | 
       | I've used this to be the first or second result on google. And
       | certainly on the first page of results.
       | 
       | It overcomes downranking for being a new domain nobody links to.
       | 
       | Google has its own criteria for evaluating whether your page is
       | spam or a scam, and whether you're abusing this to promote spam
       | or a scam.
       | 
       | I have a trio of ancient highly ranked domains that I forward to
       | a new page for about a year.
       | 
       | They'll hit page one on google within a week or two or three.
       | 
       | After I remove the 301s or recycle those domains, the pages
       | usually still come up within the first page of results
       | afterwards.
       | 
       | Before you get too horrified here, I did this to bury a
       | "competitor" who had registered a similar domain name, stolen my
       | entire repo and website from a disgruntled employee, copied all
       | my software and copied my webpage word for word trying to drum up
       | business on my IP. The whole time they mocked me in email about
       | stealing my customers and putting me out of business.
       | 
       | It worked. (Sort of. If you hire them they don't actually have
       | any idea how to do what I do.)
       | 
       | I did not do this to scam or phish or what have you. I just did
       | this to bump them from #1 on google. Which they got by
       | incorporating with a similar business name and registering with a
       | similar URL.
       | 
       | They did ultimately manage to shut that business down and disrupt
       | it after years of this and I moved on because I have other
       | talents and this venture wasn't profitable enough to deal with
       | this entity kneecapping me for years and years.
       | 
       | But on my way out, I forwarded all of those domains to a
       | reasonable and legitimate website that's in the same line of
       | work, resulting in them now dominating the other site in search.
       | So I walked away and used this trick one last time to at least
       | ensure someone searching for this subject would end up in some
       | safe and reasonable hands.
       | 
       | What's my point in sharing this?
       | 
       | It's that the other website has no idea I did this, and has no
       | control over it. You might see this and assume the worst about
       | the other website.
       | 
       | someone could be doing this to manipulate SEO or search results
       | over sites they don't even own. For reasons that might (?) make
       | sense or be well intended.
       | 
       | and for reasons that don't, or might even be malicious.
       | 
       | * MULTIPLE edits for clarification
        
       | weinzierl wrote:
       | Many good answers for the why, but can and should you do anything
       | about it?
        
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