[HN Gopher] Open Socrates by Agnes Callard review - a design for...
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       Open Socrates by Agnes Callard review - a design for life
        
       Author : Thevet
       Score  : 59 points
       Date   : 2025-01-22 13:42 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.theguardian.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.theguardian.com)
        
       | lordleft wrote:
       | Big fan of Agnes Callard, and ofc, Socrates. I know many people
       | dislike philosophy because they consider it to be a form of
       | intellectual gymnastics, but at its best it's almost spiritual
       | activity, a concern with the whole purpose of life, a desire to
       | not live as an unthinking automaton, impelled by instinct or
       | social pressure. Socrates is the ultimate and prototypical
       | embodiment of this, a refusal to take anything at its word, a man
       | who interrogated the deepest things and pointed us to the
       | abundant fruits of a life of inquiry.
        
         | mfro wrote:
         | I agree wholeheartedly. I think many readers here will be among
         | the type to feel that philosophy is not 'practical' enough,
         | myself included. But there is something to be said for humoring
         | (some) philosophy from time to time, it really does engage the
         | mind in a way you wouldn't find elsewhere.
        
           | short_sells_poo wrote:
           | If we set up a ladder of abstraction, going from the most
           | practical to the most abstract discipline, I think we'll
           | arrive to something like: Engineering -> Physics -> Math ->
           | Philosophy
           | 
           | We progressively move from the How to the Why, Philosophy
           | being the ultimate Why?
           | 
           | Then again, I'm but a humble engineer so why would my opinion
           | matter :D
        
             | mfro wrote:
             | Absolutely. It's difficult as someone on the former end of
             | that scale to reorient your mind short term and enjoy
             | philosophy, I think we get grounded into practicality / do
             | things / get results mode, and it's a great exercise to try
             | and engage wonder / analyze / enquiry mode.
        
             | currymj wrote:
             | i like to think about how the influences flow in all
             | directions.
             | 
             | for example at one time there were a bunch of weirdos
             | arguing over some abstruse philosophical question about the
             | fundamental nature of true logical statements, and one of
             | them came up with the "Turing machine".
             | 
             | then once it was actually built (by engineers, by way of
             | physical and mathematical advances), it started to cause
             | all kinds of confusion in philosophy of mind and other
             | areas.
        
             | Quekid5 wrote:
             | Funnily enough, I tend to think the arrows should be in the
             | other direction. Philosophy birthed Math, which was
             | necessary for Physics, ... etc.
             | 
             | That's not to say Philosophy has outlived its usefulness,
             | but... it was probably more consequential 2000, 400 or 200
             | years ago, in practice.
             | 
             | (EDIT: I should add... there is also a lot of absolute
             | dogwank in Philosophy too... but I think that's universal
             | for any field, tbf.)
        
         | oersted wrote:
         | I do think that philosophy fundamentally is intellectual
         | gymnastics, in the sense that it is a game or an art that
         | shouldn't be expected to have any "productive/practical/useful"
         | output.
         | 
         | I also think that philosophy is an extremely valuable human
         | activity worthy of lots of respect, likewise generally with any
         | kind of gymnastics (sports), games or art.
         | 
         | Productivity is not the only reason to live for humans, and
         | many productive people are not driven by productivity. Most
         | scientists and engineers are much more driven by curiosity,
         | mastery, morality or aesthetics (not just visual, but
         | intellectual beauty and elegance). It's generally the same with
         | most ambitious people, sure they may be superficially driven by
         | power or money, but I think it's much more about realizing a
         | certain aesthetic vision of who you want to be as a person.
         | 
         | All of these activities lead to productive outcomes as side-
         | effects. Games are not qualitatively much different, they may
         | just be quantitatively less efficient. And, even if it
         | shouldn't be expected (shouldn't be the reason to do them),
         | they do tend to have some great productive output now-and-then.
        
           | oersted wrote:
           | I suppose that this has a parallel cynical interpretation:
           | 
           | - Humans tend to be selfish, in the sense that they tend to
           | prioritize activities that develop their ego. Well generally
           | activities that have pleasurable outcomes, and developing
           | one's ego tends to be pleasurable due the heuristics
           | evolution has baked into us. I guess that those that get more
           | pleasure out of developing their ego are called ambitious.
           | 
           | - Productivity is fundamentally about being selfless: doing
           | things that are useful for others.
           | 
           | - These aims align to different degrees for different
           | activities, and I suppose that they align less for things
           | that we call games, and I think that philosophy is closer to
           | this category than otherwise.
           | 
           | - The most obvious and consistent productive side-effect of
           | games might be as entertainment for expectators. I honestly
           | think that the main value of philosophy is that it is just
           | engaging and entretaining to read, which is also worthy of
           | respect. Games and philosophy also tend to have other more
           | substantive productive outputs, but much less frequently.
           | 
           | I'm not a big fan of this perspective, but I do think that it
           | is somewhat equivalent to my thoughts above.
        
             | philosopher1234 wrote:
             | Philosophy is about living beyond the instincts given by
             | evolution. It's about living through reason, rather than
             | pleasure. Pleasure is still important and a part of it,
             | too.
        
               | daseiner1 wrote:
               | I find it amusing that I'm slightly disagreeing about
               | philosophy with `philosopher1234` but I do think there is
               | a distinction between wisdom and reason and "philosophy",
               | after all, translates to "love of, or friendship with,
               | wisdom".
        
         | kerkeslager wrote:
         | My problem with Socrates isn't that it's mental gymnastics. My
         | problem with Socrates is that he was an anti-democratic
         | totalitarian and that he was disingenuous and manipulative
         | (that's literally, explicitly what sophistry is).
         | 
         | Defenders of Socrates are generally enamored with his
         | reputation, retreating into appeals to authority rather than
         | any logical or empirical defense of his ideas.
         | 
         | In a larger sense, my problem with philosophers is generally
         | that they are still talking about outdated figures like
         | Socrates. What little he got right has been refined over the
         | last few millenia, and by continuing to obsess over him we're
         | continuing to propagate his (numerous!) mistakes along with
         | what little good he had to say. Philosophy is a really
         | interesting and even important area of study, but the ideas are
         | what matter, not the people, and the obsession with the people
         | really holds the field back by keeping stupid ideas alive long
         | past their expiration date.
        
           | norir wrote:
           | For me, a person who dramatically prefers democracy to
           | totalitarianism, Socrates' critiques of democracy hold up
           | quite well in our present context.
           | 
           | Why limit this criticism to philosophers? Should we drop
           | Einstein from the theory of relativity (especially given how
           | wrong he was about aspects of quantum mechanics)? Or Newton
           | from mechanics and so on.
        
         | throw4847285 wrote:
         | Big fan of Philosophy, not a big fan of Agnes Callard. I love
         | Socrates as much as the next person, but there have been
         | millennia of philosophical inquiry since.
         | 
         | I hate the trend among public intellectuals to pick some
         | ancient figure and then project all modern questions and
         | anxieties onto them. You end up not learning much about
         | Socrates, but much about Agnes Callard.
         | 
         | I'll take modern academic philosophy with all its jargon and
         | impenetrability over the simplistic parables of Callard.
        
           | voidhorse wrote:
           | I don't know anything about Agnes or their work, but I agree
           | that such a general trend exists. There is a whole cottage
           | industry of self-professed self-help gurus that make their
           | money by presenting a lazy, straight reading of e.g. the
           | stoics (ignoring any actual academic research) and
           | repackaging their work as mantras to get you through your
           | nine to five--oh but, no don't develop a critical
           | consciousness about _society_ please, just accept the current
           | structure without question and repeat these dumbed down
           | versions of the  "ancient wisdom" and keep buying my books,
           | thanks! It's a complete bastardization of the real heart of
           | philosophy, and I really dislike such grifters.
        
         | voidhorse wrote:
         | I am fundamentally incapable of understanding people who don't
         | like philosophy. To me it's akin to being someone who doesn't
         | like music or doesn't like art or doesn't like poetry. To be
         | incapable of finding _something_ that resonates with you in at
         | least one of these domains is equivalent to being inhuman--I
         | just cannot even comprehend how a living human being like that
         | could exist.
         | 
         | My sense is that people who claim to dislike philosophy either
         | had a bad introduction to it or have been so inculcated with a
         | way of existence reduced to "problem solving"--life viewed as a
         | "great entry examination" or standardized test--that they are
         | no longer capable of actual abstract curiosity and thought and
         | are only able to proceed in spaces that are already highly
         | constrained. Philosophical viewpoints are highly varied and
         | highly entertaining. In some ways it is far closer in kind to
         | art even though it is the matron of all of our sciences.
        
       | kitd wrote:
       | The "Tolstoy Problem" is an interesting phenomenon that occurs to
       | me from time to time.
       | 
       | Paraphrased, if I know I am close to death, maybe an hour away,
       | and I know there's no time left to change things, how will I feel
       | about my legacy or net outcome of my existence?
       | 
       | I find it a useful contemplative exercise that everyone could do
       | from time to time, especially a few world leaders IMHO.
       | 
       | It's easy for one's subconscious to feed the line that, yes, I'll
       | sort it all out tomorrow. But it's the "no time left" constraint
       | that focuses the mind.
        
         | smokel wrote:
         | This doesn't seem to work for me. I'm slightly convinced that
         | when I'm an hour away from dying, I won't have to care about
         | anything anymore very soon.
         | 
         | It just seems to make me care even less. I wouldn't be
         | surprised if the new techno-oligarchs have similar or even
         | worse wiring.
        
         | stronglikedan wrote:
         | I already know, and I hope I'm not close to death. Happiness is
         | the net outcome of my existence. Ashes to ashes is my legacy.
        
         | weakfish wrote:
         | I feel like this also only works if you care about having a net
         | impact. Though I suppose that's a definition problem. My first
         | read assumes it means an impact on the world, but I tend to
         | believe that my life purpose is more "local" - I'd be happy to
         | say I lived with kindness and made those around me happier.
        
       | bhouston wrote:
       | I had to do a double take, I thought this was a side project of
       | the head of Amnesty International, but no, just similar names:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agnes_Callamard
        
       | fallinditch wrote:
       | A good reminder that philosophy can be enjoyable. Shout out to
       | Stephen West and his wonderfully dense and thought provoking
       | _Philosophize This!_ podcasts. The Socrates episode is number 3
       | and he was still working things out, but excellent nonetheless.
       | 
       | https://www.philosophizethis.org/podcast/socrates-98cdl?rq=S...
        
       | 5cott0 wrote:
       | wonder what socrates would think about dating his students - oh
       | wait
       | 
       | http://web.archive.org/web/20250111022130/https://www.newyor...
        
         | daseiner1 wrote:
         | life is complicated.
        
       | d_burfoot wrote:
       | > The thrust of the book is that, in the figure of Socrates, we
       | can find a way through that Tolstoy couldn't
       | 
       | It's ironic that she holds up Socrates, a man who was murdered by
       | his own fellow citizens, as a figure who managed to "find a way
       | through".
        
       | bashmelek wrote:
       | Socrates probably would have annoyed me too.
       | 
       | I'm terrible at picking words. Can't stand the popular notion of
       | "debate," internet or in person; so much uncharitable
       | interpretation, obtuseness and deflection, and being held to a
       | standard of angelic impeccable speech when trying to express
       | something.
       | 
       | Intellectual consistency can be vastly overrated. I don't pretend
       | to have answers, I still have convictions that can't be proven. I
       | get by to a fair extent on vibes and faith--and the faith that if
       | I continue re-examining myself, I might hope to approach truth,
       | and might be a better person.
        
         | oersted wrote:
         | I'd argue that most useful non-trivial things we have figured
         | out how to do have required thinking precisely about complex
         | truths, language is a big part of that.
         | 
         | Sure of course, vibes are enough for operating decently as a
         | human, which is all we need most of the time. But that's a very
         | low bar, we are trying to do much harder things in science,
         | engineering and business.
         | 
         | I agree that there tends to be a lot of pointless discussion on
         | semantics in debate, which is why we tend to rely more on
         | structured languages like maths notation or programming
         | languages to make it practical to operate on really complex
         | ideas. But natural language is all we have for many fields of
         | thought, so some discipline is required to use it properly if
         | you are trying to figure out something serious.
         | 
         | You made an important point though. If we want to do philosophy
         | more seriously we reach for formal logic, at which point it
         | becomes maths, or we do experiments, which is science. To an
         | extent what call philosophy is the attempt to figure out
         | complex truths using ill-defined language and no experimental
         | verification, which is a loosing battle and quite annoying
         | indeed.
        
       | w10-1 wrote:
       | The review complains about exhaustive enumeration, but (sorry)
       | sampling is required for analysis.
       | 
       | And the "Tolstoy" problem was expressed (better?) in Socrates'
       | time via Ecclesiastes (~ even kingdoms turn to dust) and Silenus
       | (~ better not to be born), the dual perils of materialism and
       | spirituality.
       | 
       | So it's pretty hard to tell if a review of a book about dialogs
       | about Socrates hasn't lost all connection to relevance, but
       | there's good reason to believe that understanding Socrates now is
       | relevant, and the book might help.
       | 
       | Philosophy is just taking responsibility for our unavoidable
       | phenomenological fictions to avoid the delusions and violence of
       | their blind spots and projections -- good science and good
       | ethics. The alternative is not science or realpolitik but
       | obliviousness (which is nevertheless often required in the
       | practice of both).
       | 
       | Socrates as an ugly stonemason would have been ignored in
       | Athenian society - not even given an ear, regardless of any
       | wisdom.
       | 
       | But Socrates was a war hero. You can imagine how effective a
       | strong, squat stonemason would be in a melee. In the midst of
       | particularly horrible defeat and retreat, he managed to save some
       | of the elites (and their armor/honor) by not freaking out.
       | 
       | Imagine how conflicted he might feel about society after seeing
       | friends die horribly, and brutally bashing so many enemies, and
       | then being celebrated for it.
       | 
       | On Socrates' return from that war, he meets the beautiful young
       | Charmides, and they discuss the untranslatable virtue
       | "sophrosyne". Think of it as the virtue appropriate to retreat
       | and peace, by comparison to courage as the virtue of attack and
       | war.
       | 
       | At the time the dialog was written, Charmides had grown up to
       | become one of the democratic tyrants that destroyed Athens. It
       | was the youth flocking to Socrates (for his critique of received
       | wisdoms?) that led to Socrates' condemnation and death after his
       | students grew up to ruin Athenian society.
       | 
       | Tech is experiencing a similar turn in the public mind, for many
       | of the same reasons. Through careful analysis and opportunism, it
       | effectively displaced scleric systems, but with exploitative ones
       | beyond society's control.
       | 
       | There's as much value to be saved in a calm peace as to be taken
       | in deploying every new weapon as soon as it's available. But
       | there seem to be far fewer such leaders.
        
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