[HN Gopher] Invisible Electrostatic Wall at 3M plant (1996)
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Invisible Electrostatic Wall at 3M plant (1996)
        
       Author : Simon_O_Rourke
       Score  : 394 points
       Date   : 2025-01-21 17:37 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (amasci.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (amasci.com)
        
       | giantrobot wrote:
       | I remember reading about this many years ago but have never been
       | able to find the story again. So regardless of its veracity, I'm
       | happy to see it come up.
        
       | simpleintheory wrote:
       | Previously discussed:
       | 
       | - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=16299441 (2018)
       | 
       | - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=5387052 (2013)
       | 
       | - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=3274335 (2011)
        
       | avidiax wrote:
       | Ever notice how UFO and Bigfoot sightings mostly went away once
       | everyone had a 4K60 video camera in their pockets?
       | 
       | One thread about this in 1995, and then the phenomenon is never
       | seen nor heard about again . . .
        
         | Mistletoe wrote:
         | Bigfoot and ghosts yes, but the recent drone mania seems to
         | have increased. :) Maybe they would have been called UFOs
         | before we had video to look back on.
        
           | colechristensen wrote:
           | A lot of the recent drone mania is people taking videos of
           | airplanes and helicopters. At this point I don't know how
           | many of these videos are making fun or the paranoid people.
        
             | baxtr wrote:
             | I was amazed how suddenly it stopped being a thing. It was
             | like one day people were talking about it all the time, and
             | then the next day it went away completely.
        
               | Mistletoe wrote:
               | My Mom was super into this just like all the things her
               | TV tells her to be super into. I asked her today what
               | happened to them and said she "guessed they fulfilled
               | their purpose and went back to China". :D
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | Ah, they migrated away for winter.
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | It started exactly when the public was getting angry at
               | the media about killing healthcare CEOs and expressing
               | their joy, and ended as soon as everyone stopped talking
               | about that.
               | 
               | Which is just conspiratorial thinking. It also ended as
               | soon as people posted pictures of stars and planes as
               | "evidence" and insisted that the evidence was still valid
               | because "the aliens are just appearing as planes". It
               | also ended the moment r/UFO threads showed up on the
               | front page of reddit and normal people who thought this
               | MIGHT be something got to see the insane mental
               | gymnastics of the people insisting we should pay
               | attention to it.
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | Yeah, my local news had a clip that was _clearly_ an
             | American Airlines tail logo.
        
               | giantrobot wrote:
               | That's the best way to disguise UFOs! Shape them like
               | airliners and carry passengers on regular daily routes!
               | No one would ever suspect a thing.
               | 
               | Oh no, I've said too much.
        
         | jacoblambda wrote:
         | Not just one thread.
         | 
         | ANTEC '97 Conference Proceedings, CRC Press, pages 1310-1313.
         | 
         | https://www.google.com/books/edition/SPE_ANTEC_1997_Proceedi...
         | 
         | The thread is based on a conference talk and journal
         | publication that preceded it.
         | 
         | The reason this particular case hasn't been reproduced is just
         | because it has no practical application, requires a lot of
         | equipment, requires the equipment to be intentionally
         | improperly operated risking damage or injury, and it's
         | extremely expensive to test.
         | 
         | Nobody is going to willingly tool up an environment capable of
         | running a mile of 20 foot wide PP film at a thousand feet per
         | minute, then purposely ungrounding the equipment, and run it at
         | 100+ F and 95+ % humidity for hours, days, or weeks. Just
         | setting it up would cost millions of dollars and running it may
         | cost millions more.
        
           | swayvil wrote:
           | We could design the experiment. Then try to reduce the
           | experiment to a cheap, convenient form.
           | 
           | Surely somebody has done at least that.
        
           | sunshinesnacks wrote:
           | According to https://www.weather.gov/arx/heat_index, 100 deg
           | F with 95% RH is a heat index of 185 F. The linked paper says
           | "temperature often approached 100 F with relative humidity
           | above 95%," and later references specific conditions of 92 F
           | and 95% RH (137 F heat index).
           | 
           | Are these sorts of heat index values feasible for a plant
           | environment? The line about 100/95 seems almost hyperbolic,
           | which doesn't help with credibility in my opinion. Maybe I'm
           | missing something.
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | > 100 deg F with 95% RH is a heat index of 185 F.
             | 
             | So just a typical summer day in Texas
        
             | jacoblambda wrote:
             | That's basically normal for unconditioned factory spaces in
             | the US south during the summer. Ungodly hot, ungodly humid,
             | and generally just shit to exist inside.
             | 
             | This is in large part why historically industrialized
             | factories tended to be concentrated in colder, higher
             | latitude regions until the 20th century. Without
             | refrigeration the work was far harder and more exhausting
             | for the workers and that limited efficient use of labor.
        
               | sans_souse wrote:
               | Tell me about it. I worked for 3M owned Saint Gobain
               | running kevlar and fiberglass sheets thru 5-story oven
               | feeds. it was often 105degF _on the floor,_ but if you
               | were unlucky enough to lose your line you 'd be hiking up
               | 5 stories of oven stacks where temps would be soaring.
               | Not to mention every Friday PM shift would start with
               | running junk lines super hot to "clean" (burn-off) all
               | the accumulated Teflon in the oven walls and exhausts
               | (which did not work efficiently enough) from the prior
               | week. So, at 3PM you would start your shift already
               | drenched in sweat watching as a Teflon smoke plume formed
               | at the ceiling of the 7-story plant, like a dark storm
               | cloud, and slowly make its way down to the floor. By 10PM
               | we would all be coughing and exhausted, scratchy throats,
               | etc.
               | 
               | A lady on 3rd shift who ran my machine had a near death
               | incident and the company swept that under the rug along
               | with plenty of other seriously concerning practices.
               | 
               | AMA!
        
               | sunshinesnacks wrote:
               | I don't doubt those temperatures at all. But do you know
               | what the relative humidity was? It's the combo that
               | causes problems fast. 100 F and 60% RH is miserable and
               | dangerous, but that's a wet bulb of about 90 F, so
               | there's _some_ marginal potential for your body to cool
               | itself. 100 F and 95% RH is a WB of 98.6 F. Any heat
               | generated in your body has no where to go.
        
               | onlypassingthru wrote:
               | A funny thing happens to those who live or train in
               | extreme environments, their body adapts over time. You or
               | I might pass out if we were suddenly exposed to that sort
               | of factory environment, but an experienced worker might
               | handle limited exposure just fine. The human body is
               | amazingly adaptable.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | Nah, that will literally kill any human in potentially
               | minutes. No one can heat adapt to 100F + 95% relative
               | humidity. It literally will cook you dead.
        
               | anymouse123456 wrote:
               | Nah. This doesn't pass the smell test.
               | 
               | Throughout much of the Southeastern United States, we
               | regularly see Summer temps above 100F (37C), and humidity
               | up to 90%.
               | 
               | One of the two Marine Corps training bases is in South
               | Carolina where temps and humidity are often near these
               | values and sometimes crest them.
               | 
               | Most of Florida frequently passes these values every
               | Summer.
               | 
               | While it is not comfortable, I can assure you, most
               | humans are able to exert themselves without being killed
               | in minutes from this kind of exposure.
        
               | myrmidon wrote:
               | Those do NOT occur regularly in the US at the same time
               | (because the humidity peaks in the morning, but the
               | temperature in the afternoon). Maybe in a few decades
               | though.
               | 
               | 35degC at 100% humidity is about the human survivability
               | limit (at 6h exposure). This makes a lot of sense because
               | humans generate ~100W of heat, but require their core
               | temperature to stay constant-- if the environment is too
               | hot and evaporation ineffective because of humidity, then
               | your thermoregulation just breaks down and you die, just
               | like from high fever.
        
               | Taek wrote:
               | Not at all. I've spent plenty of time (sessions exceeding
               | an hour) in saunas that were >105F and >95% humidity
               | (literally so much steam that it was continuously raining
               | from the condensation).
               | 
               | Remember that when you get a fever, your internal body
               | temp can jump to 103+ and stay there for days. Even at a
               | wet bulb temperature above 110, it's going to take time
               | for your internal temperature to heat up to that level.
               | There's nothing "potentially in minutes" about it for
               | humans that are used to the heat.
               | 
               | Sure, you do eventually have to get somewhere cooler. But
               | a wet bulb temperature of 105F is not going to be fatal
               | for a well adapted human even after a few hours.
        
               | onlypassingthru wrote:
               | Nope. A human that is regularly exposed to such
               | environments has probably developed a strong cutaneous
               | vasodilation response and can tolerate limited exposure
               | just fine. Instead of a cold plunge in a frozen pond,
               | they're doing a sauna. Human bodies are amazingly
               | adaptable.
        
               | sans_souse wrote:
               | Oh, I didn't mean to imply I experienced any force field
               | effects. I dont recall the humidity, but I do recall
               | looking up OSHA rules regarding heat, and they only offer
               | "guidance", nothing is regulated or enforced solely based
               | on the temperature _but_ they do reference relative
               | humidity.
        
               | ambicapter wrote:
               | That job sounds like literal hell on earth.
        
               | sunshinesnacks wrote:
               | I've spent a little bit of time in those types of spaces.
               | I absolutely believe the temperatures referenced, but
               | approaching 100 F with humidity _above_ 95% is likely
               | deadly in a short amount of time. And to then seemingly
               | make jokes about selling tickets to walk into an area
               | where you get physically stuck for mysterious reasons
               | adds to my opinion that some of the report seems
               | hyperbolic.
               | 
               | Check out the heat index page I linked above, or this
               | similar one from OSHA:
               | https://www.ohsa.com.au/services/heat-stress-monitoring/.
        
               | jacoblambda wrote:
               | Yeah it can be deadly but it is unfortunately quite
               | common.
               | 
               | People adapt to it and can tolerate longer spans in it
               | but it's still super taxing and requires regular breaks
               | if you are doing any amount of serious activity. And of
               | course lots of fans and anything else that can raise the
               | evaporation rate and heat dissipation help.
               | 
               | The jokes ngl sound like the exact type of humor you'd
               | expect from people who work out on the floor. Basically
               | "oh well that's fucking horrifying, I bet we could make
               | some money selling tickets".
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | I'm sorry, but you have no idea what you are talking
               | about. 95% relative humidity means sweat won't evaporate,
               | and there is no evaporative cooling. 100F external temps
               | are above cooling temps and near dangerous baseline body
               | temperatures.
               | 
               | 100+F + 95% relative humidity will literally kill people,
               | regardless of adaptations. Fans won't help.
               | 
               | Fatal core temperature ranges are so close, even baseline
               | metabolic heat can kill someone from hyperthermia in
               | those conditions.
               | 
               | [https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10010916/#:~:te
               | xt=F....]
               | 
               | In a general environmental sense, current estimates have
               | 95F outside temps and 95% relative humidity being the
               | point where mass die offs of mammals start to occur. It's
               | a major concern with global temperature changes
               | [https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.0913352107].
               | 
               | Skin temperatures > 95F (which will occur if air temp is
               | 95F or higher and there is no evaporative cooling
               | ability) inevitably lead to hyperthermia even in fit and
               | acclimated individuals - even at rest
               | 
               | Most of the time, people just don't realize what the
               | actual relative humidity is. 'Terribly humid' is usually
               | more like 60% RH.
               | 
               | 95% is saturated, often foggy/misty.
               | 
               | 'At least it's a dry heat' in Deserts, which allows
               | people to survive high temps, are often 5-10% relative
               | humidity or even lower. There, the biggest challenge is
               | staying hydrated enough to sustain the rapid loss of
               | water. In some situations it's possible to lose a gallon
               | an hour. But it's possible.
               | 
               | In 95% RH, that gallon makes no difference and you'll
               | flat out die instead.
        
               | Taek wrote:
               | The amount of arrogance in this thread about what
               | temperatures become fatal is baffling. Hyperthermia is
               | not something that kills you on the timeline of minutes
               | or even hours at wet bulb temperatures of 100F+, or even
               | 105F+.
               | 
               | Remember, when people get sick it's not typically fatal
               | for them to hold a body temperature of 104 degrees, even
               | if sustained for more than 24 hours. Being in a work
               | environment at 95+% relative humidity and 100F is going
               | to be unpleasant, but as long as you are well adapted to
               | it and you get to somewhere cooler within a few hours you
               | are going to be fine.
               | 
               | People push well beyond a wet bulb of 105F in saunas all
               | the time, often sustained for 30+ minutes. I think if you
               | had yourself ever been in a room that's 110F and 100%
               | humidity (meaning it's literally raining continuously
               | from condensation) you'd realize that it's really not
               | that extreme of a temperature, and that it takes hours
               | for your core to heat up to a place where you will be at
               | risk of dying.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | I know of at least one instance where several well
               | acclimatized individuals died in less than 15 minutes in
               | open air in the Grand Canyon above the Colorado River due
               | to solar heating and 95% wet bulb humidity.
               | 
               | I'd argue you just haven't actually been in those types
               | of situations either. In that case I think they estimated
               | 110ish air temps.
               | 
               | But maybe I'm misremembering - I heard it from the
               | investigating safety officer though.
               | 
               | I have yet to see anyone actually able to work or
               | function in _actual_ 100% humidity and 100+ degrees temps
               | for more than a few minutes before having serious
               | problems.
               | 
               | I've seen plenty of people have problems in 60% humidity
               | which everyone agreed was terrible. Mostly heat stroke.
               | 
               | People's core temp is already just a hair under 100F, and
               | even at rest are producing 100ish watts of thermal
               | energy. It really doesn't take much for it to start
               | spiking if cooling is literally impossible.
        
               | jacoblambda wrote:
               | With 100% humidity you definitely can't survive or
               | function but with 95% at 100F exactly it's just barely
               | feasible. That gives you just enough margin due to
               | evaporative cooling that with sufficient air flow you can
               | maintain a temperature of 97-98F via evaporative cooling.
               | And importantly this only works in the shade. Outdoors
               | it's unlikely to be feasible due to the rise in surface
               | temperatures due to thermal radiation from the sun.
               | 
               | That of course requires a strong fan blowing and regular,
               | heavy hydration to sustain but it's feasible. So it's
               | workable in an industrial environment where you can
               | adjust the environment enough to get by but outdoors in
               | large wild spaces like the Grand Canyon (as per your
               | example) it's unlikely to be survivable for long.
               | 
               | And notably in an indoor environment there is a big
               | difference between an operator running a machine or
               | vehicle and an individual under heavy exertion. The added
               | thermal stress of heavy exertion makes it less survivable
               | as well.
               | 
               | So in the end it only really works in factory settings
               | because:
               | 
               | - There's no sun to add radiative heat.
               | 
               | - There's fans and ventilation to maintain evaporative
               | cooling.
               | 
               | - Workers can take regular or semi-regular breaks in a
               | cooler or lower humidity environment to recover some from
               | the thermal stress and to recover water and electrolytes.
               | 
               | - Those workers can limit their activity to rates of
               | exertion/heat production that don't exceed the limited
               | evaporative cooling they have access to.
               | 
               | As soon as you remove one of those advantages or increase
               | the temperature much above 100F or increase the RH above
               | 95%, survivability becomes way less likely.
        
             | pixl97 wrote:
             | There are a lot of places in plants that can end up being
             | deadly for any extended amount of times in particular
             | weather conditions.
             | 
             | There was a grain processing plant up in the midwest were
             | my dad worked that had an area enclosed in between building
             | they'd close off access to on the hottest summer days.
             | Light would be excessively focused in that area from other
             | buildings, and moisture from other processes and lack of
             | air circulation lead to deadly wet bulb temperatures.
        
           | Workaccount2 wrote:
           | There are much easier and cheaper ways of generating
           | megavolts of electricity, I think the biggest barrier would
           | be getting someone who knows enough about this to build it
           | despite their skepticism about the validity of it.
        
             | dotancohen wrote:
             | That is what grants are for. And DARPA when something more
             | specific, like this, is to be investigated.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | "And DARPA"
               | 
               | That was my first thought - the military would be all
               | over this if there's even a remote chance you could build
               | energy shields or something.
        
             | jacoblambda wrote:
             | Sure but for creating fairly uniform/gradual fields of
             | static electricity over a large space?
             | 
             | Electrostatic precipitators exist but they aren't large.
             | Everything else I'm aware of that works on larger scales
             | fails to satisfy the uniform/gradual aspect.
        
             | J0nL wrote:
             | I remember hearing about this in the mid 2000s, someone at
             | Brookhaven (US DOE/Army) jumped on filing a patent for it
             | and dubbed it a plasma window.
             | 
             | They found a use for it in particle accelerators to
             | partition off sections that are under vacuum
        
           | dist-epoch wrote:
           | > The reason this particular case hasn't been reproduced is
           | just because it has no practical application
           | 
           | It can be a tourist attraction you sell tickets to.
        
             | dotancohen wrote:
             | In the fine article it is mentioned that the plant manager
             | debated whether to fix it or sell tickets.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | Can it? Or are their safety aspects that make it dangerous
             | in enough situations that you shouldn't let the public
             | there. I wouldn't be surprised if it was mostly safe but
             | once in a while there was a deadly spark. For sure I
             | wouldn't let someone with a pacemaker or similar device
             | near this. I also wouldn't allow phones, wallets, key -
             | anything with electronics - near.
        
           | Aurornis wrote:
           | > Just setting it up would cost millions of dollars and
           | running it may cost millions more.
           | 
           | You're a couple orders of magnitude too high.
           | 
           | Polypropylene film isn't that expensive. A thousand feet per
           | minute is only 10 miles per hour, which is not that fast at
           | all. Humidity and heat aren't hard to generate in a closed
           | space.
           | 
           | This is the kind of thing that's within the budget of some
           | ambitious YouTubers, not millions of dollars.
           | 
           | It's a fun urban legend. The red flag for anyone who has
           | studied anything related to electromagnetism is the way it's
           | described as a wall, not a force that gradually grows
           | stronger as you get closer. Forces don't work at distance
           | like that.
           | 
           | You also have to suspend disbelief and imagine this force
           | field didn't impact the equipment itself. We're supposed to
           | believe that a grown man can't push up against the field at a
           | distance away from the source, but the plastic film and
           | machinery inside of the field are continuing to operate as
           | usual?
           | 
           | It's a fun urban legend. Leave it be, but don't take it
           | seriously.
        
             | jacoblambda wrote:
             | > it's described as a wall, not a force that gradually
             | grows stronger as you get closer. Forces don't work at
             | distance like that.
             | 
             | It's described as a wall because it's not just running a
             | straight line. The PP line creates an archway where the
             | "wall" is located. That's where the field is most intense.
             | It's noticeable elsewhere but that's the point where as
             | indicated in the paper they can no longer push through it.
             | 
             | > You also have to suspend disbelief and imagine this force
             | field didn't impact the equipment itself. We're supposed to
             | believe that a grown man can't push up against the field at
             | a distance away from the source, but the plastic film and
             | machinery inside of the field are continuing to operate as
             | usual?
             | 
             | This is also addressed in the paper. The lines can run
             | 50-100% faster than it normally does but the faster they
             | run it the more problematic the interference is. So during
             | normal operation they limited it to 750-1000fpm.
        
             | joemi wrote:
             | The article mentions "50K ft. rolls 20ft wide". While you
             | might not need the full 50K ft length (if you can even buy
             | such a roll with less length), the 20 ft wide spec is
             | probably fairly important. I wonder how much that'd cost,
             | including transportation? Also, I have no idea how much
             | it'd cost to buy or make machinery and supports to
             | sufficiently handle such a sized roll. What are you
             | estimating these costs would be?
        
             | comex wrote:
             | > The red flag for anyone who has studied anything related
             | to electromagnetism is the way it's described as a wall,
             | not a force that gradually grows stronger as you get
             | closer. Forces don't work at distance like that.
             | 
             | You might be taking "wall" too literally. I have no trouble
             | believing that someone would call it a wall even if the
             | force did gradually grow stronger over a significant
             | distance.
        
           | hinkley wrote:
           | I miss MythBusters.
        
             | KennyBlanken wrote:
             | I don't. It was shitty experiments presented to the
             | clueless public as an example of how science works. The
             | experiments usually did a terrible job of actually testing
             | things, were so badly designed they malfunctioned more than
             | anything else, and half the time they'd get results that
             | were at best inconclusive or seems one way and they'd just
             | declare it to be the other.
             | 
             | I think those two clowns did more to harm scientific
             | literacy than almost anyone else except maybe the Texas
             | Board of Education. Not to mention, Adam is pretty well
             | known for being a tool.
        
               | Daneel_ wrote:
               | That's certainly not the take away I have from the show.
               | It inspired many to think for themselves and made science
               | approachable and fun. They made a genuine effort to be
               | scientific within the bounds of the show. I think they've
               | done a great service to the field, personally. Can you
               | cite any sources for Adam being a 'tool'? He seems like a
               | high-energy kind of guy, but this is the first I've heard
               | of him being disliked by crew. Usually I've heard the
               | opposite; that he gets on well with other crew members.
        
           | Animats wrote:
           | Ah. Nice to have a solid reference.
           | 
           | It's not an unusual problem. Anything which moves thin sheets
           | of insulating material at high speed can cause this. And so,
           | there are standard devices for dealing with it.
           | 
           | The simplest is copper tinsel. That's even available at
           | WalMart.[1] There are fancier systems. [2] The static
           | eliminator doesn't have to touch the product. Close is good
           | enough. Maybe 1 inch for tinsel, much greater for the active
           | devices.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.walmart.com/search?q=anti-static+tinsel
           | 
           | [2] https://www.takk.com/wp-
           | content/uploads/2024/01/2023-TAKK-ca...
        
           | actionfromafar wrote:
           | https://web.archive.org/web/20160308070438/http://centxesdas.
           | ..
        
         | lxgr wrote:
         | On the other hand, we just witnessed a nationwide drone panic,
         | and not for a lack of video evidence...
         | 
         | An odd phenomenon being rare and hard to document is neither
         | proof nor evidence of absence for it existing.
        
           | EA-3167 wrote:
           | I think it's telling that said panic was short-lived, and to
           | anyone watching the video, laughably silly. Unless you're a
           | psychologist studying the dynamics of digital crowds, it
           | probably isn't very interesting at all.
           | 
           | By contrast that same "panic" would probably have been framed
           | as UFO's and an alien invasion pre-smartphone era.
        
             | lxgr wrote:
             | I personally really wouldn't bet on there being less UFO
             | believers these days than before the ubiquitous
             | availability of cameras.
        
               | EA-3167 wrote:
               | I wouldn't bet on that either, but they're less
               | mainstream, less respected, and most of us no longer feel
               | a particular urge to humor them. Every passing year makes
               | them less relevant, and more like the sort of people who
               | believe in any other conspiracy theory or magical belief
               | system.
               | 
               | Which is frankly where they always belonged.
        
               | mrandish wrote:
               | > magical belief system.
               | 
               | To be fair, if one includes religions this is
               | significantly more than half the population. Add in
               | astrology, psychics, ghosts, crystals, auras and other
               | common 'woo' and it gets higher still. Sadly, HN is not a
               | representative population sample. Skeptical non-believers
               | are still a minority in the modern world.
        
               | jsight wrote:
               | At the other end of the spectrum, the belief that the
               | moon landing was faked seems to be steadily increasing in
               | popularity. I don't get it at all.
        
               | EA-3167 wrote:
               | We made some fundamental mistakes when it comes to the
               | subject of why people believe what they believe. The
               | polite and intellectual answer to that has a lot to say
               | about evidence and reason, replication, publication,
               | review... but that simply doesn't move most people. That
               | isn't how most people live their lives. MOST people
               | operate on networks of trust, because they lack the
               | interest or the capacity to make informed decisions about
               | many things. They don't know how a nuclear power plant
               | works, they don't know anything about monoclonal
               | antibodies, but they know people and places they trust.
               | Their "smart" and "informed" social networks, their
               | doctor, their priest, etc.
               | 
               | Unfortunately those networks of trust are easy to
               | corrupt, not for everyone, but for a large number of
               | people.
        
               | pjc50 wrote:
               | > the sort of people who believe in any other conspiracy
               | theory or magical belief system
               | 
               | Bad news: this has gone completely mainstream. We're deep
               | into government by conspiracy theorists.
        
         | tshaddox wrote:
         | I'd say UFO mania is more intense and more mainstream than
         | ever. Still no remotely compelling physical evidence, of
         | course.
        
           | aftbit wrote:
           | I'd say anyone who doesn't believe in UFOs is just not
           | observant enough. That doesn't mean aliens among us or secret
           | government spy planes, but if you watch the sky long enough,
           | you'll see some odd, hard to explain things.
        
         | mrandish wrote:
         | > One thread about this in 1995, and then the phenomenon is
         | never seen nor heard about again . . .
         | 
         | A default mode of skepticism is best, however the story of this
         | incident didn't trigger my "Yeah, probably not" reflex. It is
         | based on known physical principles and the extremely unusual
         | context seems in the ballpark of sufficient to potentially
         | cause something like this. So my assumption was this was an
         | extremely unlikely edge case that happened "that one time."
         | 
         | It's also not something which strikes me as being a thing
         | people who work in a large 3M factory would lie about.
        
           | dist-epoch wrote:
           | > It is based on known physical principles
           | 
           | What exactly does it repel against a human? And why would it
           | repel instead of discharge?
        
         | hammock wrote:
         | What does this comment have to do with OP?
        
         | tedunangst wrote:
         | They even went home and came back the next day. Why not bring a
         | camcorder along?
        
         | shepherdjerred wrote:
         | https://www.xkcd.com/2572/
        
         | wombatpm wrote:
         | We had plenty of UFO sightings over the last couple of years.
         | Remember the navy pilots? The drones a few months back?
         | 
         | Big Foot, sadly, has been displaced by climate change and was
         | forced to relocate to Canada
        
           | t-3 wrote:
           | I just assumed those were made up in an attempt to get more
           | budget for the military.
        
         | stackghost wrote:
         | Not sure about Bigfoot but isn't it pretty well-established
         | that most UFO sightings were the SR71?
        
       | tmjdev wrote:
       | I've read this many times over the years, sort of enamored by how
       | such a strange phenomenon popped out of a factory setting.
       | 
       | In the most 2016 update the relative says it's common to see
       | weird effects from the spools. If it's so common it should be
       | reproducible I would think, yet I've never seen it done.
        
         | dekhn wrote:
         | I've seen this happen in a wide range of production
         | environments (both industrial and computing). Not this effect
         | specifically, but "odd emergent behavior that occurs only at
         | scale that is non-obvious and state-dependent". For example I
         | work at a company that grows a lot of cells is massive
         | reactors, and some folks who run the largest reactors commented
         | that they saw slow changes in overall production that were not
         | explainable by any observed variable (we speculated that slow
         | genetic drift occurred in populations, but it may also have
         | been seasonal, or due to unobserved variables). And when I
         | worked at Google, there were definitely cluster-wide things
         | that you'd only notice if you were very knowledgeable and
         | attuned to their ongoing processes.
         | 
         | My guess is that this happens in nearly all large-scale
         | production systems but goes mostly unobserved.
        
           | swayvil wrote:
           | It reminds me of that experiment where they had an audience
           | of 1000 focus their attention upon a chair on a stage.
        
             | krackers wrote:
             | What happened?
        
               | swayvil wrote:
               | The chair got chairier.
               | 
               | I don't recall what that means.
        
               | egypturnash wrote:
               | Do you recall anything that would make it possible to
               | find any descriptions of this experiment? When I try to
               | search for "a thousand people focus attention on a chair"
               | I just get stuff about meditation and an "ADHD chair".
               | Which is apparently a thing.
        
               | swayvil wrote:
               | I'll see what I can find
        
               | xobs wrote:
               | It sounds vaguely like the Invisible Gorilla Experiment:
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Invisible_Gorilla
        
           | toast0 wrote:
           | From experience with large scale clusters, yeah. Weird stuff
           | happens. But it's very hard to setup a test cluster that is
           | actually representative, and you can only do so much on a
           | live cluster. Occasionally, I have been able to find
           | explanations for some of the weird behavior, but usually it's
           | like here's a bug in Linux packet forwarding that was fixed
           | in Linus's tree 15 years ago, but apparently has never been
           | deployed to some router, so it's just going to keep
           | aggregating input packets because large receive offload, and
           | then drop them with needs frag because the aggregated packet
           | is too big to forward. _sigh_ (that 's not exactly a cluster
           | scale issue, but it's the most relatable example of an
           | investigation that comes to mind)
           | 
           | You're pretty unlikely to get academic papers when the
           | required setup involves having 100M+ clients geographically
           | dispersed. And it's going to be very hard for peers to
           | reproduce your findings.
        
           | empathy_m wrote:
           | I think the disappearing polymorph stories are also pretty
           | spooky. These have real-life impacts, like with ritonavir.
        
             | MarkusQ wrote:
             | Every time I look into those I come away thinking that
             | Occam's Razor would suggest a different explanation: the
             | original characterization was, knowingly or not, incorrect.
             | Patents so frequently fail to contain sufficient
             | information to allow a practitioner skilled to in the
             | appropriate arts to reproduce the claims that it seems more
             | plausible that the disappearing polymorph stories should be
             | reclassified as "someone was caught fibbing" stories. In
             | the replication crisis, we don't assume that the problem is
             | that something about the world has changed, we assume that
             | the original was flawed, and we should do the same here.
             | 
             | It would be much more convincing if there were more cases
             | that weren't economically significant. A strange property
             | of chemistry that only comes up when money and lawyers are
             | involved seems inherently suspicious.
        
               | empathy_m wrote:
               | I skimmed the literature on this and the ritonavir story
               | seems legit.
               | 
               | There really is a peer-reviewed paper saying that there
               | are five crystalline forms of the stuff. ("Elucidation of
               | crystal form diversity of the HIV protease inhibitor
               | ritonavir by high-throughput crystallization", Applied
               | Physical Sciences, Feb 2003).
               | 
               | It really does seem that in 1998 the more stable Form II
               | suddenly started coming out of the factory, with lower
               | solubility and such bad oral bioavailability that the
               | oral capsules were withdrawn from the market until Abbott
               | figured out a new way to make the drug. (I think they
               | were already moving from a capsule to a gelcap and the
               | gelcap didn't have the same issue? Just reading ... this
               | is not such a good source perhaps but lovely bare HTML:
               | https://www.natap.org/1998/norvirupdate.html )
        
           | gopher_space wrote:
           | > My guess is that this happens in nearly all large-scale
           | production systems but goes mostly unobserved.
           | 
           | Not unobserved. Unremarked maybe? It's expected behavior that
           | leads us into personification of systems e.g. calling ships
           | 'she' or talking about temperament between similar machines
           | on a line.
        
           | TeMPOraL wrote:
           | In case of this "invisible electrostatic wall", there were
           | likely significant amount of people in that company who were
           | at least somewhat into Star Trek[0], so I'd expect more than
           | mere "meh, this happens" from people who had just seem to
           | have accidentally invented _a force field_. It 's not merely
           | a weird emergent behavior, it's a behavior closely resembling
           | a sci-fi technology, and therefore likely to have similar
           | applications - so quite obviously a potential money and fame
           | printer.
           | 
           | -- [0] - Which was well-known around the time of that event,
           | and at its peak of popularity when the report in the article
           | was filed!
        
             | dekhn wrote:
             | When you work in production and have quotas to meet, you
             | often ignore interesting side-effects. When I worked at
             | google I worked at global cluster scale and frequently saw
             | any number of events that in themselves would have been
             | graduate-student-for-two-years projects that I had to force
             | myself to ignore so I could get my main work (large scale
             | protein design using 1-3 million cores in prod) to finish.
             | 
             | As a side note, always test any global-scale torrent system
             | for package distribution carefully, as sometimes the code
             | can have "accidentally n**2" network usage that only shows
             | up when you have a worldwide grid of clusters.
        
       | boxed wrote:
       | I wish Mythbusters still existed to test stuff like this.
        
         | sonofhans wrote:
         | Can you imagine the expense? "We need 1 mile of poly film,
         | 20-feet wide ..."
        
           | SequoiaHope wrote:
           | A 5000 foot long roll of plastic is common. Here is a 50 inch
           | wide roll that is over a mile long which costs $400:
           | 
           | https://www.mcmaster.com/19575T43
           | 
           | Or here is a 20 foot wide roll 1/10th of a mile long:
           | https://www.uline.com/Product/Detail/S-20063/Plastic-
           | Sheetin...
           | 
           | Based on the cost of the roll from McMaster, a wider roll
           | with the same cost basis would be $2000.
        
             | observationist wrote:
             | An experimental setup, including the land and a new used
             | steel construction could cost less than $500k. Someone
             | could throw a couple million at it to control for humidity,
             | temperature, airflow, etc, with all sorts of variety, and
             | it could be a lot of fun.
             | 
             | If something like this could be made safe, I imagine there
             | are applications in security and process safety in places
             | like nuclear power, water treatment, any facility where you
             | want to restrict access in an extreme way. I'd imagine that
             | it would never be safe, any discharge is going to fry
             | whatever completes the circuit.
        
               | littlestymaar wrote:
               | > Someone could throw a couple million at it to control
               | for humidity, temperature, airflow, etc, with all sorts
               | of variety, and it could be a lot of fun.
               | 
               | That's the kind of projects I'd fund if I were a
               | billionaire, not trying to buy the biggest yacht ...
        
               | danparsonson wrote:
               | And once you'd worked it out, you could buy a yacht with
               | a force field!
        
           | harrall wrote:
           | Rolls like those were common in the warehouse at the place I
           | worked.
        
           | qingcharles wrote:
           | I worked briefly in a factory where they had these giant
           | rolls arriving daily... they were put onto a machine that
           | would spool them off onto smaller rolls (say 100ft) and chop
           | them. It's definitely something commonplace.
        
         | viraptor wrote:
         | When they still did, they had an idea submission forum. I did
         | post it there and the moderator responded with something close
         | to "it's been submitted, not interesting, just try it
         | yourself". I'm still annoyed at them for that stupid response.
        
       | baggy_trough wrote:
       | Wouldn't a field strong enough to somehow produce this effect be
       | more likely to short out on anything, taking you out like a bug
       | zapper?
        
         | rUsHeYaFuBu wrote:
         | Yeah I'm not sure this story makes sense either. Shoes may act
         | as an insulator but wedding rings and belt buckles would
         | presumably conduct.
         | 
         | Additionally potential differences tend to attract rather than
         | repel unless these individuals were also charged with the same
         | polarity as the field as far as I know.
        
           | gridspy wrote:
           | When someone is talking about insulating shoes their point is
           | that the body is electrically isolated from the floor.
           | Without that isolation charge can travel between the two.
           | Concrete and skin are fairly good conductors by comparison
           | with air or insulators.
           | 
           | Wearing a conducting ring might make it easier for charge
           | from the air to move into your body through your skin - but
           | it will not make it easier for that charge to get to the
           | floor (and then to ground) from your body.
        
             | rUsHeYaFuBu wrote:
             | > Wearing a conducting ring might make it easier for charge
             | from the air to move into your body through your skin.
             | 
             | Which would likely make you a pretty nice load or resistor!
        
               | throw-qqqqq wrote:
               | No, you need a path to ground for any current to flow.
               | You need a difference in electrical potential more
               | specifically.
               | 
               | When insulated, there is no difference. Your potential is
               | "floating".
        
               | gridspy wrote:
               | Well, more correctly the difference needs to exceed the
               | breakdown voltage of the insulation barrier. Or
               | (depending on the insulator) some current might flow the
               | entire time, but a limited amount.
        
               | gridspy wrote:
               | The skin is very resistive, the body itself is not. There
               | is a soldier who "won the darwin award" by taking the
               | probes of a multi-meter and after measuring their skin
               | resistance decided to measure their internal resistance.
               | 
               | After piercing the skin, the test current from the
               | multimeter (9v) was sufficient to electrocute this
               | person. Sadly it (apparently) was a fatal injury. I
               | couldn't find a reference, but the logic makes sense (50V
               | sufficient to kill normally, skin is most of the
               | protection).
               | 
               | When dealing with electricity, having items which reduce
               | the protection your skin offers (metal rings,
               | moisturizer, etc) is a substantial risk.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | Generally when people talk about shoes (or tires) they are
             | talking about voltages that can jump the distance from
             | their foot to the ground through air - around the shoe.
             | 
             | Most shoes are not great insulators - they insulate but how
             | knows who much. electricians sometimes buy special shows
             | that do insulate. Those shoes come with care instructions
             | and dust on the outside compromises their insulation.
        
               | gridspy wrote:
               | While you raise some valid points, you need 10kV to jump
               | a 1cm gap. So in a domestic situation at the much lower
               | voltage involved (130V / 250V) I imagine you don't need
               | to worry so much about the air gap.
               | 
               | The care instructions and dust you mention sounds likely
               | to be super important when you're casually touching live
               | stuff while standing on a grounded floor.
               | 
               | In an electrostatic situation, the electrons can flow
               | (almost) freely without the shoes / tyres and so a large
               | differential between body / ground will not build up.
               | With shoes, you'll need a large difference to build up
               | (10kV? 20kV? More?) before it discharges.
               | 
               | Anyway, there is clearly a difference between these
               | situations - even if the shoes don't provide magical
               | protection. But the shoes are not magical, as you
               | correctly describe.
        
           | bongodongobob wrote:
           | Conduct... to where?
        
             | rUsHeYaFuBu wrote:
             | To your body.
        
               | throw-qqqqq wrote:
               | No :) There must be a difference in electrical potential
               | for current to flow between two points.
               | 
               | If the body is insulated from ground, the body is at the
               | same potential. No current flows. No material conducts
               | anything :)
               | 
               | For the same reasons, high voltage repairs can be done
               | live from a helicopter:
               | https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=9YmFHAFYwmY
               | 
               | Around 1:10 you can see the lineman connect the mains to
               | the helicopter, to neutralize any potential difference.
               | 
               | After that, the lineman and the helicopter are at the
               | same potential as the cable, so no current flows.
               | 
               | If someone dropped a line from the heli to the ground
               | however.. zap!
        
           | baggy_trough wrote:
           | Good point, a repulsive effect would have to be the same
           | charge sign so no bug zapper.
        
         | VikingCoder wrote:
         | https://skeptics.stackexchange.com/questions/53985/was-an-in...
         | 
         | "The article says that because of the insulating nature of the
         | floor and and footwear, no discharges occurred."
        
           | Noumenon72 wrote:
           | From my experience rolling up 1500-pound rolls of plastic, it
           | will start arcing out a few feet to the metal of the winder
           | when it gets strong enough.
           | 
           | Charge builds up over time, so there ought to be some
           | discussion of how the field changed between 0 charge and the
           | invisible wall state.
        
       | dyauspitr wrote:
       | If this was reproducible I could think of so many real world
       | uses. Invisible force fields that can move hundreds of pounds is
       | a holy grail in several fields.
        
         | rUsHeYaFuBu wrote:
         | Ever see an electromagnet crane at a junk yard?
         | 
         | https://youtube.com/watch?v=XBWy9gzGGd4&pp=ygUVZWxlY3Ryb21hZ...
         | 
         | You can make one yourself with a nail, some copper wire, and a
         | battery.
        
           | swayvil wrote:
           | That's pretty darn far from what we're talking about here.
           | The comparison is absurd.
        
             | rUsHeYaFuBu wrote:
             | How so? It's literally an invisible (to the eye) field that
             | can lift hundreds of pounds.
             | 
             | And magnetic fields are directly related to electric
             | fields. It's called electromagnetism for a reason.
        
               | function_seven wrote:
               | Of metal, yes. That's not what we're talking about here.
               | We're talking about force fields in the sci-fi sense. An
               | invisible wall that a person can't pass through.
        
               | rUsHeYaFuBu wrote:
               | The article is about an electrostatic field. That's far
               | from sci-fi.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_field
        
               | function_seven wrote:
               | I was clarifying the sense I was using the term "force
               | field". Not a generic field of electromagnetic forces,
               | but the fantastical one that can contain arbitrary
               | matter.
               | 
               | Like the one described in the article, that a person was
               | leaning against and could not pass through. If this were
               | something that we could reproduce, it would have awesome
               | real-world uses. Like a real hover board! Or the best
               | anti-theft protection for my parked car.
        
               | rUsHeYaFuBu wrote:
               | You could though. Given a sufficiently strong enough
               | positively (or negatively) charged electric field and
               | yourself equally positively (or negatively) charged
               | sufficiently you could have an 'invisible' wall that you
               | couldn't walk through. Assuming that neither yourself or
               | the field you're walking into has anywhere to discharge
               | to.
        
           | dyauspitr wrote:
           | Can an electromagnetic move organic material?
        
             | rUsHeYaFuBu wrote:
             | If it's strong enough, probably. I mean, MRIs kind of work
             | that way.
        
               | SigmundA wrote:
               | Yes the 45 Tesla magnet in Tallahassee can levitate small
               | non ferrous things like a strawberry in a little tube and
               | draws 56 megawatts about 7% of the cities power grid.
        
             | kragen wrote:
             | Probably not in a useful way; the induced currents would
             | produce far too much heat.
        
             | jhgorrell wrote:
             | Extremely powerful fields can levitate a frog - so yes.
             | 
             | https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2024/04/how-did-
             | you-g...
        
       | 1970-01-01 wrote:
       | Selling tickets on those non-humid days would have been more
       | profitable than fixing anything.
        
         | lxgr wrote:
         | Static discharge from machines like that has killed people in
         | the past, so I'm not sure if that's the best idea.
        
           | viraptor wrote:
           | Amusement parks have killed people in the past, yet they're
           | still queuing up to the machines able to do the most damage.
        
             | lxgr wrote:
             | Amusement parks are slightly more systematic about trying
             | their best to _not_ kill people than  "let's see what
             | happens if people interact with this known-deadly machine
             | when we remove the part that makes it less deadly (i.e. the
             | grounding)".
        
               | viraptor wrote:
               | It's just a difference is scale of risk. For something
               | closer: base jumping is still popular, no-harness
               | climbing of tall buildings is still a thing on YouTube,
               | crazy Russian groups still do pull-ups on construction
               | cranes.
        
       | IAmGraydon wrote:
       | The phenomenon in question has been discussed before, and its
       | underlying mechanism can be attributed to electrostatics. A
       | simple thought experiment illustrates this concept: imagine a
       | person with a net electric charge approaching a similarly charged
       | object. As they draw closer, a force of repulsion builds up,
       | increasing exponentially with the inverse square of the distance.
       | 
       | However, a crucial aspect of this phenomenon remains unclear: how
       | does the charge maintain its containment? What prevents the
       | opposing charge from breaking through the insulating barrier and
       | neutralizing the charge? A fascinating analogy from the Boston
       | Science museum offers some insight. Picture yourself inside a
       | gigantic, electrified sphere - akin to a Van De Graff generator.
       | If your charge polarity matches that of the sphere, you'll
       | experience a repulsive force, pushing you toward the center. The
       | harder you try to reach the sphere's edge, the stronger the
       | repulsion becomes.
       | 
       | This phenomenon becomes even more intriguing when considering the
       | context in which it allegedly occurred. A company renowned for
       | its innovative prowess, 3M has consistently demonstrated its
       | ability to harness unexpected effects and transform them into
       | groundbreaking products. The Post-it note's origin story is a
       | testament to this innovative spirit. Given this track record,
       | it's puzzling that 3M seemingly failed to capitalize on this
       | electrostatic phenomenon. One would expect the company to
       | rigorously investigate and replicate the effect, with the
       | potential for a multi-billion dollar industry hanging in the
       | balance. Instead, the story suggests that 3M dismissed the
       | phenomenon as a mere curiosity.
        
         | kragen wrote:
         | > _Picture yourself inside a gigantic, electrified sphere -
         | akin to a Van De Graff generator. If your charge polarity
         | matches that of the sphere, you 'll experience a repulsive
         | force._
         | 
         | This is not correct. The field inside a charged conductor is
         | zero. You will experience no force. If there is a hole in the
         | sphere you will experience a repulsive force if you are close
         | to the hole (compared to its size).
        
           | Arnavion wrote:
           | Yes, just like with Newtonian gravity. Any inverse-square law
           | force will be zero inside a spherical shell. The higher force
           | from parts of the shell closer to you is exactly canceled out
           | by the farther parts exerting less force but there being more
           | of those farther parts.
           | 
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shell_theorem
        
             | kragen wrote:
             | For gravity, it's only true for spherical shells, but in
             | the case of charged electrical conductors, it's true no
             | matter what the shape of the shell is. The field inside a
             | charged, conductive small stellated dodecahedron is _also_
             | zero everywhere inside. That 's because the charge in the
             | conductor migrates as long as there's an electrical field
             | to make it migrate; it stops moving once it neutralizes the
             | field.
             | 
             | (If you made an _actual_ small stellated dodecahedron with
             | infinitely sharp points, the charge would leak away from
             | the points via field emission. Or, in theory, you 'd have
             | an infinitely strong electrical field there, and therefore
             | all kinds of singularities. But reasonable approximations
             | of the setup are possible in real life.)
        
         | schmidtleonard wrote:
         | Why do you think that? Negative results are boring. A failure
         | to publish them does not indicate a lack of investigative
         | rigor. Speaking of which, if you're going to complain about
         | rigor, this is a bad look:
         | 
         | > increasing exponentially with the inverse square
        
       | jcarrano wrote:
       | We are talking about a sci-fi style force-field here! I'd be
       | surprised if the military didn't secretly experiment with this.
        
         | swayvil wrote:
         | You can count on that.
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | Unless engineers looked at it and said not reliable (only works
         | with low humidly), prone to breakdowns, and might randomly kill
         | people. And then some general stood up and said what is wrong
         | with your standard reinforced door?
        
           | TeMPOraL wrote:
           | > _not reliable (only works with low humidly)_
           | 
           | That's merely an engineering issue. Keep spraying it with
           | water or something. You do it right, and you might even get
           | the familiar buzzing and shimmering of Star Trek force
           | fields!
           | 
           | > _prone to breakdowns_
           | 
           | Ah yes, that's very much _like_ Star Trek force fields.
           | 
           | > _and might randomly kill people_
           | 
           | That might be an issue _for Starfleet_. A real-world military
           | today will definitely see this as a _feature_.
           | 
           | Ultimately, you're not wrong, but I would hope some military
           | or other entity with deep budget would try building it
           | anyway, simply because science isn't about "why?", it's about
           | " _why not?_ ". I would also imagine, should this design work
           | and became widely-known, some hacker would build and operate
           | it _just because_.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | water would be high humidity not low.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | Second paragraph of the article starts with:
               | 
               | > _This occurred in late summer in South Carolina, August
               | 1980, in extremely high humidity._
               | 
               | But I may have misunderstood this as high humidity being
               | key to it happening, rather than an impediment.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | Or perhaps I misunderstood, my reading was low humidity
               | matters, but it is quite possible that I know in general
               | for static high humidity shorts everything to ground and
               | so you don't get much static - and thus probably skimmed
               | that part more than I should have.
        
             | andrewflnr wrote:
             | > A real-world military today will definitely see this as a
             | feature.
             | 
             | Real world militaries are still pretty picky about who they
             | kill. In particular they don't like killing their own
             | soldiers, who are most likely to be in the discharge path
             | for a shield around their own stuff.
        
       | ibizaman wrote:
       | This reads like a good SCP.
        
       | TacticalCoder wrote:
       | What's wrong on my end? I get this from both Firefox and
       | Chromium:                   Firefox: Firefox detected a potential
       | security threat and did not continue to amasci.com.
       | Chromium: https://amasci.com/weird/unusual/e-wall.html
       | 
       | Now "isdownorjustme" tells me amasci is down:
       | https://downforeveryoneorjustme.com/amasci.com?proto=https
       | 
       | I'm not too sure what's going on.
        
         | jeroenhd wrote:
         | You likely have HTTPS-only mode enabled in your browser(s).
         | amasci.com doesn't have HTTPS configured and serves a
         | certificate for (.*)eskimo.com. If your browser automatically
         | rewrites all HTTP links to HTTPS, it'll throw these errors.
         | 
         | Try manually replacing https with http. Disabling HTTPS-only
         | mode (or HTTPS Everywhere, or whatever is causing the rewrites)
         | might also work.
        
       | swayvil wrote:
       | A sheet of plastic. With a heavy static charge. Moving at 10mph.
       | Assumedly in the vicinity of a big ground.
       | 
       | Is that the whole experiment?
        
       | airstrike wrote:
       | The Board <denies/demands> comprehensive analysis of this
       | <occurrence/breach>.
        
       | silisili wrote:
       | > He said it was actually known to the technicians for awhile
       | before he experienced it and they just were kinda like "meh".
       | 
       | I think this was my favorite part of the article. These workers
       | apparently hit this force field prior and just figured that was a
       | normal part of the job, who cares.
        
       | Workaccount2 wrote:
       | I actually work with high voltage for a living, and I have high
       | skepticism about this story. While it is technically possible if
       | you work out the math and somehow get an extremely dense e-field
       | flux, from a practical standpoint it might well be impossible. HV
       | like they describe, especially in high humidity, really likes to
       | equalize itself in a big flash.
       | 
       | I strongly suspect instead is that there was a spot where you
       | could really feel the e-field, and people just through rumor and
       | story telling morphed it into "the wall".
        
         | 1propionyl wrote:
         | I tend to agree with you. But on the other hand, if true, this
         | is the kind of crazy situation that could also lead to new
         | mathematics where regimes considered unstable are revealed to
         | have surprising stable nodes.
         | 
         | The big problem here is that it's described as a wall and not a
         | progressively (quadratically) increasing field.
         | 
         | But what if there actually are network effects propagated by
         | charge carrying particles in a suitably humid environment that
         | turn the power of 2 into something else? Even a power of 3
         | could be perceived reasonably as a wall at human scale.
         | 
         | It's not "I want to believe" so much as "it feels like the
         | maths might allow this under odd but reproducible
         | circumstances" (my relevant background here is in math-physics
         | and specifically analytic solutions to the relevant PDEs, which
         | do have some very odd solutions). Would be nice to see people
         | try.
         | 
         | There are differences between effects we can observe between
         | ideal point charges and ones that only emerge as network
         | effects when propagated across a network of less than ideal
         | point charges that at least merit some investigation.
        
           | PicassoCTs wrote:
           | But if its a wall and you touch it - you should become part
           | of it and thus be unable to leave it ?
        
           | maushu wrote:
           | I believe the description as a "wall" is not completely
           | correct. Yes, it's a wall as a unpassable obstacle, but the
           | description they gave when walking into it seems more like a
           | field "can't turn around just walk backwards". The field was
           | just dense enough to stop people from continuing moving
           | forward similar to molasses.
        
             | TeMPOraL wrote:
             | This is the same impression I got, precisely because of
             | this description. If it's the effect of a field, it would
             | seem that by the point you notice it blocking your forward
             | progress, you're already rather deep in it.
             | 
             | Perhaps humans feel resistance/repulsive forces non-
             | linearly?
             | 
             | Makes me think of magnets, too - when you have two strong
             | magnets oriented so they repel each other, and try to get
             | them closer, the effect is very strongly non-linear and,
             | unless you're intentionally pushing the magnets together
             | with significant force, can feel like it turns on almost
             | instantly.
        
               | TimTheTinker wrote:
               | > Perhaps humans feel resistance/repulsive forces non-
               | linearly?
               | 
               | That's got to be the key here. Human perception is known
               | to be logarithmic in so many other ways.
        
             | Workaccount2 wrote:
             | The gripe I have though is that it is incredibly hard (if
             | not impossible) to create a dense powerful e-field without
             | it arcing over.
             | 
             | To be powerful you need an incredibly high voltage, to be
             | dense you need the positive (holes, as they say) and
             | negative charges to be close to each other.
             | 
             | If you could get 5MV between two plates that are a foot
             | apart, that e-field would be insane an probably could do
             | all manner of sci-fi. But it would flash over and equalize
             | in a picosecond. Even if you had some kind of god tier
             | power supply supply that could support a constant 5MV, you
             | would just end up with a dense wad of plasma vaporizing
             | everything.
        
               | DeepSeaTortoise wrote:
               | Dunno. The breakdown voltage of vacuum is enormous. There
               | might be several unknown parameters at play here which
               | would increase the breakdown voltage of the air.
               | 
               | It might be but an urban legend, but the phenomenon
               | sounds way too fun to not look into it (or to stop
               | spreading it should it turn out as false, kinda like
               | Santa)
        
               | Workaccount2 wrote:
               | There are floating electrostatic experiments that are
               | pretty cool:
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U6bKDaZiy_k
        
           | RajT88 wrote:
           | Scotch tape produces X-Rays, so something like this feels
           | similarly plausible:
           | 
           | https://www.technologyreview.com/2008/10/23/217918/x-rays-
           | ma...
           | 
           | (Even if that feeling is misplaced and uninformed)
        
           | petesergeant wrote:
           | > But on the other hand, if true, this is the kind of crazy
           | situation that could also lead to new mathematics where
           | regimes considered unstable are revealed to have surprising
           | stable nodes.
           | 
           | I feel like if it was real, 3M would have immediately
           | diverted a bunch of money into working out how to
           | commercialize it, and we'd have evidence of that.
        
             | gambiting wrote:
             | Tbf an "impassable invisible forcefield" sounds really
             | useful for various applications. If it was possible at all,
             | someone would have done some research into it, surely?
        
               | petesergeant wrote:
               | I think we're saying the thing
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | Oh yeah we are, I think I'm just adding to your comment
               | that even if 3M ignored it then _someone_ would have
               | researched it.
        
         | EncomLab wrote:
         | This pops up at least once a month and has been thoroughly
         | debunked.
        
           | mmcgaha wrote:
           | I used to work for a company that bought off cuts from this
           | plant and the static that comes off of these rolls is scary.
           | I heard this story years ago and no one in our plant had a
           | doubt about it being true because 3M ran enormous rolls.
        
             | devnullbrain wrote:
             | See, I can believe that there are enormous EM fields in
             | play. But I can't believe that the employees working there
             | would react to them without code brown-ing.
        
               | margalabargala wrote:
               | Considering that it's possible to levitate a live frog
               | with a (very strong) magnet without killing it, I'm able
               | to believe that a sufficiently strong magnetic field can
               | be detectable by a human without killing or immediately,
               | obviously harming them.
        
               | AlotOfReading wrote:
               | This is an electrostatic field, which has no magnetic
               | component in the classical model.
        
               | HelloNurse wrote:
               | And more practically is likely to be detected, when
               | approaching it casually, by discharging it through the
               | closest body part.
        
               | zelon88 wrote:
               | When I was young I started my career working in
               | manufacturing. Specifically machine shops with presses,
               | CNC machines, EDM machines, ect...
               | 
               | You would be amazed at the level of hazard people are
               | willing to accept. For example, I recall running one
               | machine, a 300 ton press with an 84"x54" bed and 24" of
               | stroke. It was 25 feet tall and we nicknamed this one
               | Optimus Prime. When Optimus was warmed up he would spit
               | warm hydraulic oil all over the place. A nice fine mist
               | along with a slurry of hydraulic rain drops would cover
               | the area. The solution was to wear Weimao hats made out
               | of disposable cardboard.
               | 
               | Another machine was a 50+ year old roll form machine. How
               | I did not lose my life on this machine is beyond me.
               | Modern machines feed the material automatically and have
               | clutches and brakes with optical sensors so they can stop
               | on a dime. This one literally used inertia and a massive
               | flywheel to function. You got the rollers spinning and
               | fed the material into the first roller, then as it came
               | out you had to guide the material into the next roller.
               | Manually. In between spinning rollers. With your hands.
               | And the machine had a 1,000lb flywheel that gave the
               | whole thing intertia. You only needed to give it throttle
               | once, and the whole machine would spin for 30+ seconds
               | whether it was forming material, or your arm, or
               | whatever. Chances are it would have sucked an entire
               | human into the rollers on one blip of the throttle. And
               | the coup de grace was the throttle was a 50lb lever on a
               | swing pivot. If you drop this lever to turn the machine
               | OFF, it would bounce with gravity and bounce itself back
               | on. This is not a third world country. These machines are
               | located in Newburyport Massachusetts.
               | 
               | I was a lot younger back then, but to this day that is
               | how helicopter engine are made. Those antiquated tools
               | are more important to the major aerospace companies than
               | any operator they've ever had.
        
               | jcgrillo wrote:
               | I had the pleasure of operating some machines like that
               | too. One was a hydraulic shear roughly the size of a
               | school bus, and once you stomp the pedal there is
               | absolutely no taking it back--it'll do a cycle and
               | nothing can stop it. We also had a Buffalo Iron Worker
               | which I managed to misalign a punch in once. A hefty
               | chunk of HSS flew ~100ft across the shop and embedded
               | itself in the steel siding. I don't know how it didn't
               | hit me, because I was at the time occupying much of the
               | solid angle. However the machine that scared me most was
               | a giant drill press from the late 1800s that had a ~4'
               | cast iron gear on top of the drill shaft which held
               | enough inertia to keep the drill spinning for about a
               | minute after the power was shut off.
        
           | ghusbands wrote:
           | Got a link to one of those debunkings? (If it's so thoroughly
           | debunked, it should be easy.)
        
         | hinkley wrote:
         | I accept that a reel to reel could generate a high static
         | charge field but I would expect anything creating this level of
         | physical phenomenon would be dangerous to humans.
         | 
         | Wouldn't it be much more likely for someone walking into such a
         | space to become a lightning rod rather than a fly in a spider
         | web?
        
         | petee wrote:
         | What do you make of the statement that it pulled in a fly,
         | potentially a bird, yet repels humans?
        
           | QuadmasterXLII wrote:
           | Maybe it's working by shocking muscles- it's mostly acting on
           | creatures not objects
        
         | umvi wrote:
         | Maybe someone here knows a science youtuber (Veritasium/Smarter
         | Every Day etc) with enough clout to try to get an in with 3M or
         | similar and try to reproduce
        
           | tuetuopay wrote:
           | I'd say styropyro. He'd be up for it. The issue is, 3M or
           | similar would never let him approach one of their plants :D
        
           | fakedang wrote:
           | ElectroBOOM!
        
       | hammock wrote:
       | Can this be used in a bank vault?
        
         | danparsonson wrote:
         | A large steel door is a much easier and more reliable barrier
        
       | rich_sasha wrote:
       | Why would an electrostatic force repel humans? We are neutrally
       | charged.
       | 
       | And if anything, in metals I think (???) you can get _attraction_
       | as free electrons in the neutral body are attracted /repelled
       | towards the charge and the neutral body becomes a dipol (so eg.
       | if the charged body is positively charged then the negatively
       | charged electrons are attracted towards it, and vice versa). But
       | that's weak and acts the wrong way.
        
         | dcminter wrote:
         | I suppose you could take advantage of diamagnetism if a
         | _moving_ charge was involved... it works for frogs :)
        
         | danparsonson wrote:
         | It's possible to induce charge in things - this principle is
         | used for holding silicon wafers inside lithography machines but
         | works for other materials too (https://youtu.be/pgV8l5yLadQ)
        
           | dcminter wrote:
           | Or on the other side you remind me of a literal party trick -
           | a rubber balloon filled with helium that's starting to
           | deflate and thus has neutral buoyancy can be moved around
           | without touching it. The charges on the surface of the
           | balloon and on your hands repel.
        
       | more_corn wrote:
       | Reminder to everyone to divest of your 3M stock. They lied about
       | the dangers of PFAs for decades. Suppressing science to create
       | the biggest mass poisoning in human history needs some pushback
       | from reasonable people.
        
       | flerchin wrote:
       | Van de graaff generators discharge with painful shocks. I would
       | expect something like described in the article to kill someone.
        
         | VikingCoder wrote:
         | https://skeptics.stackexchange.com/questions/53985/was-an-in...
         | 
         | "The article says that because of the insulating nature of the
         | floor and and footwear, no discharges occurred."
        
           | BenjiWiebe wrote:
           | In that case, the person would've been very quickly equalized
           | to the same charge, and the wall would be gone (for you at
           | least) more quickly than you could even feel it.
        
       | cmpalmer52 wrote:
       | Reminds me of the time I turned myself into a Van de Graff
       | generator at work.
       | 
       | I was a theater projectionist, back when you had 20 minute reels
       | you had to constantly change, while babysitting two high-voltage,
       | water-cooled, carbon arc projectors. Sometimes the film would
       | break and you'd have to splice it. So when the theater got a
       | print in, you had to count and log the number of splices for each
       | reel, then the next theater would do the same and retire the
       | print when it got too spliced up (plus, sometimes if it was the
       | last night of a run, some lazy projectionists would splice it in
       | place with masking tape and then you'd have to fix it). Sometimes
       | you had to splice in new trailers or remove inappropriate ones as
       | well.
       | 
       | Anyway, you counted splices by rapidly winding through the reel
       | with a benchtop motor with a speed control belted to a takeup
       | reel while the source spun freely. Then, while letting the film
       | slide between your fingers, counting each "bump" you felt as it
       | wound through. I was told to ground myself by touching the metal
       | switch plate of the speed control knob with my other hand. One
       | night I forgot and let go until my hair started rising. I'd gone
       | through most of the reel at a very high speed and acquired its
       | charge.
       | 
       | I reached for the switch plate and shot an 8-10" arcing discharge
       | between the plate and my fingers.
       | 
       | Lesson learned, I held the switch plate from then on.
        
         | wumms wrote:
         | Did you finish your shift that night? (Some 2cm arc from an
         | electric fence brought me to my knees one time.)
        
           | idiotsecant wrote:
           | You had less voltage, but whole lots more current than parent
           | post.
        
           | HappMacDonald wrote:
           | @idiotsecant is correct. Length of arc correlates to voltage,
           | while most of the potential pain or damage from an arc will
           | correlate more to amperage and/or to duration.
        
             | kadoban wrote:
             | You're correct, but just for fun's sake:
             | 
             | The amperage of static elecricity discharges like this can
             | be quite high, tens of amps is common.
             | 
             | So walking across a carpet and getting a shock can easily
             | be tens of amps at thousands of volts, and we're just
             | totally fine (because it's for a tiny fraction of a
             | second).
        
             | HPsquared wrote:
             | So it's not the Amps that get you, but the Coulombs? Or is
             | it the Joules?
        
               | myrmidon wrote:
               | Lethality of electricity is multi-dimensional, trying to
               | reduce it to a single quantity does not really work
               | (exposure time and electrical frequency are very
               | important).
        
               | tuetuopay wrote:
               | neither. even a shortcut saying like "total energy
               | delivered" is not accurate, because it depends on how it
               | is delivered and how it dissipates.
               | 
               | styropyro made a fascinating (if terrifying) video about
               | it
        
               | HPsquared wrote:
               | Sounds a bit like fuse wire (except the frequency
               | dependence)... There's both a current and a time
               | component. High overloads can be tolerated for a very
               | short time without blowing the fuse, while low overloads
               | can be sustained for longer before the fuse reaches its
               | maximum temperature and breaks.
        
           | madaxe_again wrote:
           | It also matters where the arc lands. I leant over an electric
           | fence (whim I thought was off) wearing wet swimming shorts to
           | fetch a ball, once.
           | 
           | Never, ever again.
        
         | zombot wrote:
         | _Van de Graaff_
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_de_Graaff_generator
        
           | julian_t wrote:
           | The Daresbury Laboratory in the UK had a giant Van de Graaff
           | generator housed in a high concrete tower. I remember staying
           | on site and waking up in the middle of the night with a
           | really creepy feeling that turned out to be caused by that
           | thing operating.
        
             | rjsw wrote:
             | The tower is empty now, there is a good view from the top
             | floor though.
        
         | dghughes wrote:
         | I worked in a casino that had a wool carpet. When the carpet
         | was new it was ridiculous the amount of static that it
         | generated on you. I was wearing steel toe non slip and anti
         | shock shoes too!
         | 
         | I quickly learned to hold my machine keys ring (3 inch wide
         | ring) and tap it to the slot machine frame. Often a three inch
         | violet spark would jump and I could even feel my clothes move.
         | One time I even causing one of the slot machine player tracking
         | system to reboot, it was that or me better it got the hit.
         | 
         | A manager said at a casino they used to work at they would
         | spray fabric softener on the rugs to alleviate static. I don't
         | know if it worked or not.
        
         | sandworm101 wrote:
         | I lived in an area with extremely dry winters (dew points below
         | -40). My bedroom was carpeted. Some mornings I would reach for
         | the light switch and see a 2" bolt of white pain jump off my
         | finger. It was like a strobe light. I learned to touch light
         | switches with my elbow. Same bolt but less painful to take it
         | on the elbow.
        
           | ponty_rick wrote:
           | I learned to touch things with a metal object like a key, so
           | the charge spreads out across the part of skin holding the
           | object and the pain is less.
        
       | anotherevan wrote:
       | "So that's what an invisible barrier looks like."
        
         | swayvil wrote:
         | We can turn beans into peas.
        
       | hinkley wrote:
       | All that static discharge is coming at the expense of the
       | mechanical energy in the system is it not? I'm surprised they let
       | it zap like that video and don't try to recuperate it somewhere.
       | 
       | One of the weirdest power scavenging solutions I ever saw used a
       | spark gap and a bespoke transformer to make a reverse Tesla coil
       | - taking the very high, very brief voltage spike of a static
       | discharge and stepping it down to create low voltage over a a
       | longer interval. They attached it to their shoe.
        
         | littlestymaar wrote:
         | > All that static discharge is coming at the expense of the
         | mechanical energy in the system is it not? I'm surprised they
         | let it zap like that video and don't try to recuperate it
         | somewhere.
         | 
         | Yes, but while the voltage is very high, the _energy_ stored is
         | very low so I don 't think it makes any sense to try recover it
         | (there's probably much more energy being wasted by poor
         | insulation of the heated offices or stuff like this).
        
           | hinkley wrote:
           | I was thinking less of energy efficiency and more of
           | containment. Possibly damage reduction.
        
             | littlestymaar wrote:
             | Should the damage become a problem, they'd likely do it,
             | but not until the damage proves more costly than the cost
             | of preventing it.
        
       | ericye16 wrote:
       | It's been a while since I took electrostatics, but I don't
       | understand the theory behind this. If the rolls become charged
       | and you are presumably neutral, wouldn't they attract you rather
       | than repel you? That's what makes me think this story is
       | apocryphal.
        
       | st-keller wrote:
       | Wow - nice to know that this old story has survived for so long!
       | I remember reading it a long time ago. Has this phemomenon been
       | repicated by someone or has someone invented something because of
       | that?
        
       | sans_souse wrote:
       | There's a lot of interesting ideas in the experiments section,
       | here: http://amasci.com/freenrg/iontest.html
        
       | 1-6 wrote:
       | Time for a YouTube video to be made
        
       | QuadmasterXLII wrote:
       | Electric fields really like to be linear, but the described
       | anomalous effects are highly nonlinear
       | 
       | The non-anomalous effects, like high electric field readings,
       | could linear
       | 
       | The wall only effects living things- birds, bugs and people
       | 
       | My guess is that the wall is mediated by the nervous system and
       | muscle contractions, which unlike electrostatic forces, are free
       | to have thresholds, nonlinearities, and psychological effects.
       | Basically, everyone involved was getting zapped all to heck and
       | any subjective experience is plausible downstream of taking a
       | megavolt to the spine
        
         | rep_lodsb wrote:
         | If that were the case, wouldn't people just fall down, and
         | possibly die from their heart stopping? Instead of feeling an
         | invisible wall that they can walk away from.
        
       | KennyBlanken wrote:
       | Yet another request that HN reject any URL that isn't https.
       | 
       | Anyone clicking on a link like this is open to traffic injection.
       | With several free automated cert services available, there's no
       | excuse for this other than gross incompetence or laziness.
        
       | raydiak wrote:
       | Silly physicists spent generations trying to confine plasma with
       | magnets and lasers when all along we could have just used plastic
       | wrap.
        
       | UncleSlacky wrote:
       | Falcon Space have been attempting to replicate it recently:
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KSsX74X_BmA
        
       | stuff4ben wrote:
       | Dang, where's MythBusters when you need them (RIP Grant Imahara)
        
       | Kevin-Xi wrote:
       | The part about "throwing bolts" reminds me of the plot in
       | Roadside Picnic.
        
       | pontifier wrote:
       | I always felt that this "wall" must have been composed of charged
       | gas ions in a potential well. This would make it sort of a
       | capacitor, and would explain why no large sparks or discharge
       | were happening, even when the voltages involved must have been
       | extremely high.
        
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