[HN Gopher] Penn Station Can Handle the Load: New York Is Ready ...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Penn Station Can Handle the Load: New York Is Ready for Through-
       Running
        
       Author : Ericson2314
       Score  : 63 points
       Date   : 2025-01-16 16:43 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.etany.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.etany.org)
        
       | Ericson2314 wrote:
       | Since it's midway through the article, note that
       | https://github.com/effective-transit-alliance/platform-crowd...
       | is the underlying model we used for passenger circulation.
        
       | Ericson2314 wrote:
       | Also for reference, https://www.etany.org/modernizing-new-york-
       | commuter-rail is our previous report that describes what through-
       | running actually is, why it would be good, etc.
       | 
       | This report is more narrowly tailored on refuting Amtrak's
       | grossly mistaken reasoning in their recent study.
        
         | pcl wrote:
         | _"Through-running involves operating trains across Manhattan
         | and through to the other side of the city, instead of
         | immediately turning them back to the suburb they came from, as
         | is done today."_
        
           | Ericson2314 wrote:
           | Imagine how nice it would be to take a single train from
           | Flushing to Newark!
        
       | bobthepanda wrote:
       | Having recently ridden Amtrak, easily the worst thing about it is
       | the fact that they've decided to go with an airline style
       | boarding process where the platforms are treated as a secure area
       | and everybody has to single-file get their ticket checked to get
       | onto a platform.
       | 
       | The whole advantage of a train vs a plane is that a train has
       | many doors, allowing a lot of simultaneous boarding to happen;
       | and they also already have conductors who check your ticket to
       | make sure you are getting into the correct car, and another
       | ticket check once the train is in motion. It would be
       | significantly better at major stations to just have conductors at
       | every train car on the platform in parallel doing ticket checks,
       | rather than just have one funnel.
        
         | jjice wrote:
         | I haven't been on an Amtrak in about six months, so it may have
         | changed, but where were you boarding? Was it New York? Boarding
         | in NY is slow and structured, but when I've boarded in Back Bay
         | (Boston), Portland (Maine), and Providence, it's the better way
         | that you've mentioned.
         | 
         | They make everyone rescan tickets for the North East regional
         | in NY also, if you're just passing through. It's a bit
         | annoying, but I wonder if the traffic getting on and off is too
         | great in NY to be able to do that. I have no clue, though.
        
           | Ericson2314 wrote:
           | Yes their practice elsewhere is better. Amtrak seems to think
           | that lazzaiz-faire platform ingress/egress doesn't scale to
           | NY Penn, but that's exactly backwards -- it's not letting
           | people circulate freely which doesn't scale.
           | 
           | Also, fun fact, if you don't go in the main hall Amtrak
           | waiting area at NY Penn, you _can_ board the platform
           | whenever you want. But it 's hard to figure out what
           | platform/track to go to in advance -- hiding that information
           | is how they discourage this.
        
             | craftkiller wrote:
             | laissez-faire
        
               | Ericson2314 wrote:
               | :) Evidently I previously convinced Android to add my
               | misspelling to the dictionary. Yikes!
        
           | nicwolff wrote:
           | Semi-secretly you can skip the lines at the escalators in
           | Moynahan's big train hall and just go down to the mezzanine
           | and right to the platforms.
        
         | dyauspitr wrote:
         | That must be new or station specific because my experience has
         | been to buy the tickets, stand on the platform, put away your
         | bags yourself and take a seat. Tickets are checked on board.
         | Very seamless and stress free.
        
         | Ericson2314 wrote:
         | Yes the bad airline mentality goes a long way to denying these
         | things are possible.
         | 
         | Once one accepts that people are going to constantly leaving
         | and entering the platform, that all ticket checking must happen
         | on the train to not impeed circulation, running way more trains
         | needing fewer platforms is revealed as (a) possible, and (b)
         | the right way to do things.
        
         | crenwick wrote:
         | I ride Amtrak monthly, this is not true. Like every other
         | train, ticket checking always happens while moving.
        
           | rayiner wrote:
           | Not at NYP or DC Union Station. Also not at Philadelphia 30th
           | street station.
        
             | mplanchard wrote:
             | I did a trip to NYC and back on Amtrak at the end of
             | November, and the boarding process at Moynihan was the same
             | as it had always been, with tickets checked once you're on
             | board. Didn't know it was different boarding from Penn.
        
               | spokaneplumb wrote:
               | Is boarding at Moynihan what another poster is alluding
               | to with the possibility of avoiding the choke-point
               | boarding by simply not using the main waiting area? Or is
               | that considered a separate stop, possibly requiring a
               | different ticket (and, worse still, maybe being bypassed
               | by certain trains)?
               | 
               | I have minimal familiarity with NY and none with Penn,
               | but will be Amtraking in and out in a couple weeks.
        
               | anyonecancode wrote:
               | I'm not sure about Amtrak boarding processes, but
               | regarding Moynihan vs Penn:
               | 
               | - Penn Station is directly under Madison Square Garden.
               | There used to be a large building similar in scale to
               | Grand Central Terminal, but it was rather controversially
               | torn down in the 60s [1], and MSG built on its site and
               | the train station portion becoming a bunch of tunnels
               | beneath it.
               | 
               | - Across the street from Penn was a big post office
               | building, with a grand Neo-classical design. As an
               | attempt to somewhat remedy the destruction of Penn
               | decades earlier, NY state decided to turn that into a
               | train hall, which opened in 2020 [2]. It's the same
               | station stop as Penn, so you can really think of it more
               | as just an expansion of it. Take the stairs on the
               | western (toward the Hudson river) end of the platform and
               | you'll emerge into a big open space with an atrium that
               | looks like an actual train station, instead of the
               | basement of MSG. (They've also been doing good work
               | raising the ceiling and widening corridors in Penn, so
               | there's more light and air, but you're still basically in
               | the MSG basement even if it's less cramped now).
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Penn_Station#O
               | riginal... [2]
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moynihan_Train_Hall
        
             | Projectiboga wrote:
             | Those three stations have mentally ill homeless plaguing
             | the stations. Penn Station NYC has a large maze of
             | underground areas over two levels. For those in NYC using
             | Antrak use the Moynihan station across 8th ave between 31st
             | & 33rd, it is better laid out, unless you need the waiting
             | seating area.
        
               | drewbeck wrote:
               | I've traveled through NYP a few times recently but
               | somehow missed this plague. Is it like, a lil baby
               | plague? Or maybe there's a quarantine area I overlooked?
        
               | Projectiboga wrote:
               | Might be worse and night. Plague wasn't the right word
               | but I suspect even if it is a small cohort Amtrack Police
               | likely don't want to have to interact with any making it
               | onto a train after they depart.
        
               | craftkiller wrote:
               | NJ Transit is also at NYP and they do not do any sort of
               | pre-boarding ticket check.
        
             | apawloski wrote:
             | I use these three stations professionally and haven't had a
             | pre-train ticket check in maybe 5 or 6 years.
        
           | bpye wrote:
           | This certainly depends on the station, King Street in Seattle
           | has ticket checks at the door for travellers in either
           | direction.
        
           | drewbeck wrote:
           | I think there's two things being conflated here - 1. the pre-
           | queueing in the station vs going directly to the platform and
           | 2. if they also check tickets during that stage.
           | 
           | In my experience 1 is very consistent - NYC and Philly at
           | least. 2 I'm not sure about. But 1 is imo the big issue. The
           | pre-queue wastes time and clogs up the station and we hate
           | it.
        
         | rayiner wrote:
         | Amtrak is run by the dumbest people in the country. Another
         | gem:
         | 
         | > Today, Amtrak schedules the Acela, which travels express
         | between Washington and Boston, to overtake the slower, local
         | Northeast Regional at Penn Station. The organization claims
         | that this requires scheduled dwells of 30 minutes for Northeast
         | Regional trains
         | 
         | But why would anyone competent want to work for an organization
         | like this?
        
           | emchammer wrote:
           | Amtrak train crews are gems though.
        
           | jazzyjackson wrote:
           | Total price segmentation, slowing down the northeast regional
           | so people pay out extra for the Acela, nevermind that the
           | northeast regional trains can run just as fast as acela for
           | the vast majority of the route.
        
           | thinkingtoilet wrote:
           | Do you have any idea of the history of why Amtrak was
           | created? What limitations both funding and regulations are
           | put on it? It's a god damn miracle it runs so well with what
           | it's given. The dumbest thing is that we the people don't
           | fund it and invest in rail, not people doing their best with
           | what limited resource they are given in a country that is
           | half a century behind when it comes to trains.
        
             | jazzyjackson wrote:
             | the freight companies lobbied for passenger travel to
             | become the government's responsibility, IMO the american
             | people were robbed of the value they were entitled to when
             | the right of ways were granted to the railroads back in the
             | 19th century, but in the 60s and 70s railroads were going
             | bankrupt left and right, establishment of Amtrak was little
             | more than a bailout for the railroads. The government could
             | be asking a lot more of the railroads to run shorter trains
             | so they could fit on their sidings and allow passengers to
             | pass and remain on time. IME the #1 issue with Amtrak
             | outside of north east corridor is most stations are served
             | by long haul routes that cannot be relied upon to show up
             | within 6 hours of their schedule, because any delay causes
             | them to lose their slot and freight companies can tell
             | Amtrak to pound sand, their trains are too long to pull
             | over.
        
         | screye wrote:
         | That's how the TGV and subways do it. You scan in.
         | 
         | It's unconvienent if a human needs to read a ticket. But tap-in
         | or scan-in systems are pretty fast.
        
         | jackcarter wrote:
         | It's been this way for over a decade:
         | https://www.vox.com/2014/3/31/5563600/everything-you-need-to...
        
           | renewiltord wrote:
           | This method of boarding at DC famously resulted in 100+
           | passengers waiting upstairs as the train left without them
           | https://wtop.com/travel/2024/12/passengers-frustrated-as-
           | amt...
        
         | Gibbon1 wrote:
         | I remember reading with horror that the California high speed
         | rail will have the TSA doing security. That's absolutely last
         | thing the systems needs.
        
         | Aperocky wrote:
         | Huh? I ride amtrak every week and there are no ticket check
         | until train has moved. And if you always come about 5-10
         | minutes before departure no lines either.
        
           | oasisbob wrote:
           | Amtrak practices vary by region and station.
           | 
           | Here on Amtrak Cascades, Seattle and Portland both do
           | "airplane style" entry with ticket checks and sometimes seat
           | assignment in the station, but at more minor stops (eg
           | Longview, Bellingham) you hop aboard one of the open cars and
           | get checked by the conductor.
        
         | tdeck wrote:
         | I recently took Amtrak across the country. In both Seattle and
         | Chicago I showed up about 10 minutes before my train departed.
         | Sure, they checked my ticket before I got onto the platform,
         | but the experience was absolutely nothing like taking a flight.
         | I wonder if it was something about the particular day or
         | station you were at that made this worse.
        
         | MisterTea wrote:
         | I take it once or twice a year to visit friends in the
         | Baltimore area. Penn NY is guilty of that airline single file
         | BS and find it completely annoying. At Baltimore Penn you just
         | go to the platform and wait.
        
         | crazygringo wrote:
         | It's been that way for decade(s?) in New York. Presumably
         | because otherwise too many people try to take it a stop or two
         | for free before the conductor comes around to check tickets.
         | 
         | It's not a thing at any other Amtrak station I've been to,
         | where the next stop often isn't for 45 minutes or more.
         | 
         | And no you can't have conductors in every train car. That's way
         | too expensive and not needed for the rest of the 12 hour
         | journey or whatever it is.
        
       | CSMastermind wrote:
       | This seems to be part of a debate I'm unfamiliar with.
       | 
       | I am however familiar with this style of argument. The page reads
       | like a lot of motivated reasoning, where they have a conclusion
       | set and they're selecting data, massaging statistics, etc. to fit
       | into their narrative.
       | 
       | They might be right in the points they're making, I have no idea,
       | but the style of the article definitely makes me skeptical.
        
         | Ericson2314 wrote:
         | I mean... it's a rebuttal. See my comment below: we already put
         | out a report saying we thought through running was the right
         | approach, and now we're responding to Amtrak's report on the
         | topic.
         | 
         | Even if there were passenger circulation issues problems (and
         | our passenger model was half-written when we did the first
         | report), there are other solutions like decking over tracks to
         | join adjacent platforms into a wider platform. We're happy that
         | do not appear necessary, but if it did it doesn't fatally
         | imperil through running as being the best option.
         | 
         | Finally, the number of outright errors and dubious claims in
         | the Amtrak study makes us think _they_ are doing their own
         | reasoning. If you really don 't believe my previous two
         | paragraphs, just think ask yourself motivated reasoning seems
         | less suspect! :)
         | 
         | Through-running, unlike 10s billions for a station expansion,
         | is a cheap experiment. We can just try it! If there are more
         | passengers than expected (yay! Though) and safe circulation
         | does become and issue, that's great new info and very little
         | money wasted.
        
         | crote wrote:
         | Why not do the same with Amtrak's reports?
         | 
         | From a European perspective a 15-22 minute dwell time sounds
         | _ludicrous_. My local train station is pretty large and
         | designed around through trains, and a 7-minute followup between
         | departures (so between train 1 departing on track X to train 2
         | departing on track X) is routine here.
         | 
         | If it can be done over here, what makes Penn Station so special
         | that they need 3x as much time? Why can't Amtrak do what other
         | railway companies have been doing for years? Amtrak is already
         | lying about other countries using headway-based scheduling, so
         | can they really be trusted about the rest?
         | 
         | I have no idea if this ETA article is 100% trustworthy, but
         | Amtrak _definitely_ isn 't.
        
           | Ericson2314 wrote:
           | Thank you! We need a lot more Europeans berating us, truly!
           | :)
        
       | TuringNYC wrote:
       | I ride into NYC 3x/wk via Penn Station. I realize ETANY is not
       | affiliated with NJTransit, but I dont see how a system with the
       | level of incompetence that NJTransit has could possibly handle
       | more complexity.
       | 
       | NJ Transit can barely seem to handle service w/o Through-Running,
       | so any discussion of expanding service seems premature. Here are
       | some highlights:
       | 
       | - Inability to tell consumers ahead of time that trains will be
       | stopped (even though they know well in advance.) Now, entire
       | private WhatsApp groups have been set up where commuters warn
       | each other of stopped trains and clogged stations. This leads to
       | people coming to Penn Station only to find out trains are not
       | running/cancelled/delayed. This is with a hub/spoke -- imagine if
       | they expand beyond Penn Station into CT/LI.
       | 
       | - Inability/Unwillingness to communicate sources of blockages.
       | There are ways to bypass NYPenn/Secaucus and go directly to
       | Newark (PATH train). But NJTransit wont tell you where the
       | blockage is, so its impossible to work around delays
       | 
       | - Inability/Unwillingness to communicate which trains will depart
       | first, when multiple trains are backed up and queued up. People
       | guess and hope they choose the "next" train.
       | 
       | - Regularly cancelled trains, esp after 7pm. They randomly cancel
       | scheduled trains. No point in a schedule if you wont follow the
       | schedule.
       | 
       | I'd want to contain the chaos of NJTransit to NYPenn Station and
       | not beyond. At most, a 2nd stop at GC (like with LIRR did). The
       | system isnt currently mature enough to be granted more
       | responsibility.
       | 
       | Mind you -- this would be valuable. Folks who move to NJ
       | necessarily cut themselves off CT jobs (esp hedge funds, etc.) So
       | of course, having thru traffic from NJ all the way to CT would
       | open up huge pools of job applicants and job opportunities.
        
         | Projectiboga wrote:
         | These arguements are also good to suggest they should not get
         | the planned expansion of terminus tracks.
        
         | Ericson2314 wrote:
         | > I realize ETANY is not affiliated with NJTransit
         | 
         | We are equally unaffiliated with all the railroads and transit
         | agencies :)
         | 
         | We do have membership in NJ are very much as in the transit
         | going-ons through the tri-state area. A big unifying idea is
         | that the economic geography doesn't care about political
         | boundaries, and so the transportation planning shouldn't
         | either.
         | 
         | ------
         | 
         | > NJ Transit can barely seem to handle service w/o Through-
         | Running, so any discussion of expanding service seems
         | premature. Here are some highlights:
         | 
         | You do raise a good point that through-running does require
         | some amount of competence --- simply have a more interconnected
         | rail network (revenue service on both sides) inherently means
         | there is more potential for failures to propagate throughout
         | the network. But, we'd like to believe this is surmountable.
         | 
         | ------
         | 
         | 1. First of all, NJT and the MTA have done it before! See
         | "train to the game". See:
         | 
         | -
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Haven_Line#Meadowlands_gam...
         | - https://www.njtransit.com/press-releases/take-train-game-
         | met...
         | 
         | Of course, running some special event service is not the same
         | as doing through running day-in and day-out, but it is
         | something to build on.
         | 
         | ------
         | 
         | 2. What's the alternative?
         | 
         | - If there is no new expansion _and_ no through-running, than
         | the billions spent on Gateway way be rather wasted. That would
         | be a huge embarrassment to the agencies, and politicians that
         | stuck their neck out for the funding, alike.
         | 
         | - If Penn Expansion is not pursued for bullshit reasons, but
         | the kayfabe is dropped and its done for the _honest_ reason
         | that no one believes agency competency can be improved, that is
         | also embarrassing. Would the station actually be funded at that
         | point?
         | 
         | We therefore think even just changing the conversation to
         | acknowledge that ops competency, and not station geometry, is
         | the binding constraint, would be a major improvement.
         | 
         | ------
         | 
         | 3. We have time
         | 
         | In line with the above counter-factuals, the rubber only hits
         | the road ( _excuse me_ , steel hits the tracks :)) once Gateway
         | is done. For better or worse, that is a long way off. This
         | gives the agencies time to get ready.
         | 
         | - The money that would be been spent on station improvements
         | can be spent on NJT "tech debt" instead --- all the behind the
         | scenes infra that enables higher reliability.
         | 
         | - Congestion pricing should be raised, and hopefully the next
         | crop of NJ politicians will be more open-minded and accept some
         | money for NJT.
         | 
         | - Penn Station Access sending Metro North trains to Penn
         | station makes for a good opportunity to "train" the agencies
         | through-running, prior to Gateway being finished. And don't
         | forget "train to the game".
         | 
         | ------
         | 
         | > Mind you -- this would be valuable. Folks who move to NJ
         | necessarily cut themselves off CT jobs (esp hedge funds, etc.)
         | So of course, having thru traffic from NJ all the way to CT
         | would open up huge pools of job applicants and job
         | opportunities.
         | 
         | Yes, it is a huge opportunity! Our main report
         | (https://www.etany.org/modernizing-new-york-commuter-rail)
         | talked quite a lot about that. I wish our politicians were less
         | provincial about state boundaries, and better able to visualize
         | just how impactful expanding commute sheds is.
         | 
         | ------
         | 
         | A final disclaimer: I am far less knowledgable on train things
         | than the other ETA members, so take this all with a bit more
         | grain of salt.
        
       | Projectiboga wrote:
       | Through running is to avoid an upcoming real estate grab /
       | bodogale where Stephen Ross's Vonado wants to let the state of NY
       | use emmenent domain, skip city land use review and demolish an
       | entire block 8th ave to 7th fromst 31st to 30th street. This is
       | for him to build mega office towers and build more terminus rail
       | platforms.
       | 
       | The idea of through-running is to not have trains parked like
       | that in an over crouded midtown. That way they can reduce the
       | number of tracks and widen the platforms. It has beem done with
       | great success in many big cities already. The idea would be to
       | have NJ Transit trains run to platforms at their rail yard in
       | Queens. This is a large ripe for development area between Long
       | Island City and Sunnyside Queens. It could also go farther to
       | Port Morris in the Bronx and link with Metro North and the
       | further North East rail corridor. Long Island Rail could go to a
       | new terminus rail yard in NJ which could have a bus terminal to
       | reduce the amount of busses into NYC. The main issue I can see is
       | some of those commuter runs are too long for crew rotations and
       | may require crew shifts who just do last stop in NJ through to
       | the outer boro NYC rail yards.
       | 
       | Here is the group advocating this idea. Rethink Penn Station NYC
       | https://www.rethinkpennstationnyc.org/
        
         | mncharity wrote:
         | > Through running is to avoid an upcoming real estate grab
         | [...] and build more terminus rail platforms
         | 
         | Could one craft a gold-plated through-running transit hub
         | proposal which supports the grab? Then transit improves, grab
         | or no grab. Given the dominant power of real estate in NYC, the
         | TFA had for me the feel of a proposal from engineering to a
         | c-suite with big divergent incentives. Could one tease apart
         | the "don't build badly" from the "don't need to build"
         | arguments? "There are better alternatives to that, but if that
         | gets done anyway for whatever reasons, at least get it right by
         | ...".
        
       | renewiltord wrote:
       | This is clearly written for an audience that already knows what's
       | going on. I don't, so I'm curious. Is the difference between:
       | outer terminus------>ny penn|alight|board new train|----->later
       | station
       | 
       | vs.                   outer terminus------>ny penn|stay on
       | train|---->later station
       | 
       | Why does the latter need more tracks? This seems intuitively
       | obvious that it shouldn't, but maybe I don't understand this.
       | 
       | EDIT: Thank you to the commenters (who I can't answer because I'm
       | rate-limited).
        
         | jccooper wrote:
         | The former (terminating lines) needs more tracks/platforms at
         | the station, because turning the train around takes more time
         | than stopping and continuing (through running) and turning
         | around at the end of the line.
        
         | crote wrote:
         | It's about how trains are running.
         | 
         | Consider a rail network connected like A-B-C . With terminating
         | trains you'd have one train run A-B-A, and another train run
         | C-B-C. With through trains you'd have one train run A-B-C and
         | another train run C-B-A. Terminating trains have to stop and
         | reverse, which takes quite a lot of time because the driver has
         | to go to the other end of the train. Through trains can just
         | continue in the same direction, so it is a lot faster.
         | 
         | Because a through train occupies the track for less time you
         | don't need as many tracks to serve the same number of trains
         | per hour.
        
       | librasteve wrote:
       | through running is a highly effective mass transit approach as
       | exemplified in Munich & Berlin (S-Bahn), Paris (RER), and now
       | London (Lizzy Line)
        
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