[HN Gopher] I created an open-source Hardware Hacking Wiki - wit...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       I created an open-source Hardware Hacking Wiki - with tutorials for
       beginners
        
       Author : hw-f3nter
       Score  : 685 points
       Date   : 2025-01-12 11:29 UTC (2 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.hardbreak.wiki)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.hardbreak.wiki)
        
       | polalavik wrote:
       | This is rad! I'll throw this in my embedded resources round up
       | [1]
       | 
       | https://hardwareteams.com/docs/embedded/embedded-resources/
        
         | findyourexit wrote:
         | Whoa! Very much appreciated!
         | 
         | Fantastic round-up with loads of useful inclusions. Thanks for
         | sharing!
        
       | spidersouris wrote:
       | Thanks for the wiki -- I have always been interested in hardware
       | hacking but I have always felt overwhelmed as I didn't know where
       | to start. I believe this kind of resource can greatly help with
       | that, especially the case studies.
       | 
       | However, I can't help but feel that a major part of the content
       | is LLM-generated, or at least LLM-rewritten. It feels off and
       | uninteresting to read, honestly. Is it the case? To support my
       | case, I see that the case study page
       | (https://www.hardbreak.wiki/introduction/case-study-led-to-a-...)
       | has very similar paragraphs next to each other, the second one
       | seemingly being the "genuine" one, and the first one being the
       | LLM-rewritten version.
       | 
       | I'm not against using LLMs to help fix typos or reformulate
       | things, but you should definitely keep some of your style. The
       | LLM that you used (if you used one) made the content super bland,
       | and as a reader, I'm not really incentivized to browse more.
        
         | raywu wrote:
         | Case in point, under Case Study > Reconnaissance > OSINT, these
         | two paragraphs follow one another - same content but different
         | wording.
         | 
         | > The first step in any hardware hacking project is research. I
         | started by Googling the router model number, "ASUS RT-N12 D1",
         | and came across an article about a similar model, the ASUS
         | RT-N12+ B1. The article mentioned that the device had an open
         | UART interface allowing unauthenticated root access. However,
         | it provided no exact details on how to exploit this or where
         | the UART interface might be located. Could my router model have
         | the same vulnerability?
         | 
         | > In the first step I googled the model number for my router
         | "ASUS RT N12 D1" and I came accross this article. It shows that
         | a similar model the "ASUS RT N12+ B1" appears to have an open
         | UART interface, which gives unauthenticated root access. It
         | does not show how to exacltly abuse this or any details where
         | to find the UART interface. Let's see if our router model may
         | have the same vulnerability!
        
         | Joel_Mckay wrote:
         | Get a ham radio technician license, and you may develop an
         | intuitive perspective on most electrical engineering concepts.
         | 
         | i.e. the physics lab derivation of the core EE tool set is
         | unnecessary if you understand what the models are describing.
         | 
         | AI is slop in and slop out... and dangerous to students... =3
         | 
         | John Shive's Wave Machines is where every student should start:
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DovunOxlY1k
        
           | CamperBob2 wrote:
           | _dangerous to students_
           | 
           | It's fatally dangerous to students who ignore it or dismiss
           | it out of hand. That much is already certain.
        
             | Joel_Mckay wrote:
             | How so?
        
               | CamperBob2 wrote:
               | Wait and see. You're not paying attention now, but it's
               | not too late to start.
               | 
               | Go to your favorite programming puzzle site and see how
               | you do against the latest models, for instance. If you
               | can beat o1-pro regularly, for instance, then you're
               | right, you have nothing to worry about and can safely
               | disregard it. Same proposition that was offered to John
               | Henry.
        
               | Joel_Mckay wrote:
               | Please reformulate your argument, and I will check back
               | tomorrow:
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aNSHZG9blQQ
               | 
               | LLMs are rules based search engines with higher dimension
               | vector spaces encoding related topics. There is nothing
               | intelligent about these algorithms, except the trick ones
               | play on oneself interpreting well structured nonsense.
               | 
               | It is stunting kids development, as students often lack
               | the ability to intuitively reason when they are being
               | misled. "How many R's in 'Strawberry'?" is a classic
               | example exposing the underlying pattern recognition
               | failures. =3
        
               | CamperBob2 wrote:
               | (Shrug) If you're retired or independently wealthy, you
               | can afford that attitude. Hopefully one of those
               | describes you.
               | 
               | Otherwise, you're going to spend the rest of your career
               | saying things like, "Well, OK, so the _last_ model couldn
               | 't count the number of Rs in 'Strawberry' and the new one
               | can, but..."
               | 
               | Personally, I dislike being wrong. So I don't base
               | arguments on points that have a built-in expiration date,
               | or that are based on a fundamental misunderstanding of
               | whatever I'm talking about.
        
               | Joel_Mckay wrote:
               | Every model is deprecated in time if evidenced Science is
               | done well, and hopefully replaced by something more
               | accurate in time. There is no absolute right/correctness
               | unless you are a naive child under 25 cheating on
               | structured homework.
               | 
               | The point was there is nothing intelligent (or AI) about
               | LLMs except the person fooling themselves.
               | 
               | In general, most template libraries already implement the
               | best possible algorithms from the 1960s, and tuned for
               | architecture specific optimizations. Knowing when each
               | finite option is appropriate takes a bit of
               | understanding/study, but does give results far quicker
               | than fitting a statistically salient nonsense answer.
               | Several study datum from senior developers is already
               | available, and it proves LLMs provide zero benefit to
               | people that know what they are doing.
               | 
               | Note, I am driven by having fun, rather than some bizarre
               | irrational competitiveness. Prove your position, or I
               | will assume you are just a silly person or chat bot. =3
        
               | mindcrime wrote:
               | I have no position on whether or not CamperBob is a chat-
               | bot, but they are definitely not being silly. Their
               | point, as I take it, is that it's dangerous to look at
               | the state of "AI" as it is today and then _ignore the
               | rate of change_. To their stated point from above:
               | 
               | > Otherwise, you're going to spend the rest of your
               | career saying things like, "Well, OK, so the last model
               | couldn't count the number of Rs in 'Strawberry' and the
               | new one can, but..."
               | 
               | That's a very important point. I mean, it's not
               | _guaranteed_ that any form of AI is going to advance to
               | the point that it starts taking jobs from people like us,
               | but when you fail to look forward and project a little
               | bit and imagine what they could do with another year of
               | progress... or two years of progress... or 5 years, etc?
               | I posit that that kind of myopia could leave one very
               | under-prepared for the world one lands in.
               | 
               | > The point was there is nothing intelligent (or AI)
               | about LLMs except the person fooling themselves.
               | 
               | Sure. The "AI Effect". Irrelevant. It doesn't matter
               | _how_ the machine can do your job, or whether or not it
               | 's "really intelligent". It just matters that if it can
               | create more value, more cheaply, than you or I, we are
               | going to wind up like John Henry. Who, btw, for anybody
               | not familiar with that particular bit of folklore "[won
               | the race against the machine] only to die in victory with
               | a hammer in hand as his heart gave out from stress."
        
               | zxvkhkxvdvbdxz wrote:
               | Both you and this chatbot Bob seem to be overly excited
               | by the newfound LLM ability of correctly counting R's in
               | "strawberry".
               | 
               | For many, this is not a very exciting development.
               | 
               | Mind you, we do follow the progress but your argument of
               | "wait and see" is not deserving serious discussion as
               | your stance has turned into faith.
        
               | Joel_Mckay wrote:
               | The limitations of tokenization does not stop with LLMs
               | it seems for bob.
               | 
               | Please don't down-vote the kids karma, as for me it is
               | more important people feel comfortable having
               | conversations (especially when they are almost 99% sure
               | I'm a turnip connected to a USB port.) =3
        
               | mindcrime wrote:
               | Where do you see anything about "excitement" about
               | anything? Quit making up bullshit strawman arguments and
               | deal with the issue in a realistic way already. Sheesh.
               | 
               | I'm not arguing for any specific outcome mind you. But a
               | refusal to acknowledge "rate of change" effects and to
               | assume that the future will be like today is incredibly
               | short-sighted and myopic.
        
               | Joel_Mckay wrote:
               | "rate of change" effects on speculative fiction is
               | meaningless.
               | 
               | Try to remember to be kind, as we are still waiting to
               | see bob's data =3
        
               | Joel_Mckay wrote:
               | Speculative fiction is entertaining, but not based in
               | reality...
               | 
               | "they are definitely not being silly", that sounds like
               | something a silly person would say. =)
               | 
               | " I posit that that kind of myopia could leave one very
               | under-prepared for the world one lands in." The numerous
               | study data analysis results says otherwise... Thus, still
               | speculative hype until proven otherwise.
               | 
               | Not worried... initially suckered into it as a kid too...
               | then left the world of ML years later because it was
               | always boring, lame, and slow to change. lol =3
        
               | mindcrime wrote:
               | _" they are definitely not being silly", that sounds like
               | something a silly person would say. =)_
               | 
               | Ya know, it's fine to disagree with something. But hand-
               | wavy, shallow dismissals of what someone has to say, with
               | no willingness to even attempt to engage with the content
               | on a rational basis, is unbecoming.
        
               | ycombiredd wrote:
               | I can't help but have the thought that the Joel_McKay in
               | this conversation is itself an LLM having been prompted
               | to flippantly disregard and downplay mentions of a.i.,
               | and LLMs specifically.
               | 
               | I'm not saying it is true , but I am saying it made the
               | tone and content of his messages in this thread seem a
               | lot more self-consistent and explainable when I re-read
               | them with that context in mind. :-)
               | 
               | (@Joel_McKay: apologies for downplaying your sapience -
               | human, LLM or otherwise.)
        
               | Joel_Mckay wrote:
               | I assure you I am 100% turnip. =3
        
               | mindcrime wrote:
               | It hasn't said anything intelligent yet, so there is
               | that...
        
               | Joel_Mckay wrote:
               | I asked for bobs proof, and was given marketing.
               | 
               | Then provided instructions on how to present facts, and
               | still await the data.
               | 
               | Then immature folks showed up to try to cow people with
               | troll content.
               | 
               | I don't have to prove anything, as the evidence was
               | already collected and reported in peer-reviewed journals.
               | People just prefer to ignore the cited evidence that
               | proves they are full of steaming piles of fictional hype.
               | =3
        
               | mindcrime wrote:
               | Proof of _what_ exactly are you asking for?
               | 
               | Certainly there is zero question that today's "AI"
               | systems are making progress on a wide array of
               | benchmarks. You can see that here:
               | 
               | https://aiindex.stanford.edu/wp-
               | content/uploads/2024/05/HAI_...
               | 
               | Look in the section starting on page 73. Or just examine
               | this image:
               | 
               | https://aiindex.stanford.edu/wp-
               | content/uploads/2024/04/fig_...
               | 
               | There's your "speculative fiction" you seem so fond of.
               | 
               | Now, if your argument is no more than "who cares about
               | benchmarks, 'AI' still isn't 'Real AI'" then all you're
               | doing is repeating the 'AI Effect'[1] thing over and over
               | again and refusing to acknowledge the obvious reality
               | around you.
               | 
               | The AI's we have today, whether "real AI" or not, are
               | highly capable in many important areas (and yes, far from
               | perfect in others). But there _is_ a starting point to
               | talk about, and yes there is reason to think in terms of
               | "rate of change" unless you have some evidence to support
               | a belief that AI progress has reached a maximum and will
               | progress no further.
               | 
               |  _I don 't have to prove anything, as the evidence was
               | already collected and reported in peer-reviewed
               | journals._
               | 
               | Again, evidence for _what_ exactly? What are you even
               | claiming? All I see Bob claiming, and what I support
               | him(?) in is the idea that there is legit reason to worry
               | about the economic impact of AI in the near( 'ish?)
               | future.
               | 
               | [1]; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AI_effect
        
               | Joel_Mckay wrote:
               | Indeed, I gather you did not comprehend the threads
               | topics, and instead introduced a straw-man arguing at
               | some point in the future LLM proponents will be less full
               | of steaming piles of fictional hype.
               | 
               | Assertion:
               | 
               | 1.) LLMs mislabeled "AI" is dangerous to students due to
               | biasing them with subtle nonsense, and a VR girlfriend
               | convincing a kid to kill themselves. Again the self
               | referential nature of arguing the trends will continue
               | toward AGI is nonscientific reasoning (a.k.a. moving the
               | goal post because the "AI" buzzword lost its meaning due
               | to marketing hype), but this is economically reasonable
               | nonsense rhetoric.
               | 
               | 2.) Software developers can be improved or replaced with
               | LLMs. This was proven to be demonstrably false for
               | experienced people.
               | 
               | 3.) LLMs are intelligent or will become intelligent. This
               | set of arguments show a fundamental misunderstanding of
               | what LLMs are, and how they function.
               | 
               | 4.) Joel may be a USB connected turnip. While I can't
               | disprove this self presented insight, it may be true at
               | some point in the future.
               | 
               | I still like you, even if at some point you were
               | reprogrammed to fear your imagination. =3
        
               | Joel_Mckay wrote:
               | Failure to back up the assertion about "AI" existing in
               | LLMs means there is no meaningful conversation to be had,
               | but I offered to wait for a coherent argument in a time-
               | bound manner. =3
        
               | numpad0 wrote:
               | > it's dangerous to look at the state of "AI" as it is
               | today and then _ignore the rate of change_.
               | 
               | It's self driving all over again!
        
               | Lerc wrote:
               | I have never understood why the failure to answer the
               | strawberry question has seen as a compelling argument as
               | to the limits of AI. The AIs that suffer from this
               | problem have difficulty counting. That has never been
               | denied. Those AI's also do not see the letters of the
               | words they are processing. Counting the letters in a word
               | is a task that it is quite unsurprising that it fails. I
               | Would say it is more surprising that that they can
               | perform spelling tasks at all. More importantly the
               | models where such weaknesses became apparent are all from
               | the same timeframe where the models advanced so much that
               | those weaknesses were visible only after so many other
               | greater weaknesses had been overcome.
               | 
               | People didn't think that planes flying so high that
               | pilots couldn't breathe exposed a fundamental limitation
               | of flight, just that their success had revealed the next
               | hurdle.
               | 
               | The assertion that an LLM is X and therefore not
               | intelligent is not a useful claim to make without either
               | proof that it is X and proof that X is insufficient. You
               | could say brains are interconnected cells that send
               | pulses at intervals dictated by a combination of the
               | pulses they sense, and there is nothing intelligent about
               | that. The premises must be true and you have to
               | demonstrate that the conclusion follows from those
               | premises. For the record I think your premises are false
               | _and_ your conclusion doesn 't follow.
               | 
               | Without a proof you could hypothesise reasons why such a
               | system might not be intelligent and come up with an
               | example of a task that no system that satisfies the
               | premises could accomplish. While that example is unsolved
               | the hypothesis remains unrefuted. What would you suggest
               | as a test that shows a problem that could not be solved
               | by such a machine? It must be solvable by at least one
               | intelligent entity to show that it is solvable by
               | intelligence. It must be undeniable when the problem is
               | solved.
        
               | tecleandor wrote:
               | The AIs that suffer from this problem have difficulty
               | counting.
               | 
               | Nope, its not a counting problem. It's a reasoning
               | problem. Thing is, no matter how much hype they get, the
               | AIs have no reasoning capabilities at all, and they can
               | fail in the silliest ways. Same as with Larry Ellison:
               | Don't fall into the trap of anthropomorphizing the AI.
        
               | Lerc wrote:
               | Ok, give me an example of what you would consider
               | reasoning.
        
               | Joel_Mckay wrote:
               | Is that like 80% LLM slop? the allusion for failures to
               | improve productivity in competent developers was cited in
               | the initial response.
               | 
               | The Strawberry test exposes one of the many subtle
               | problems LLMs inherently offer in the Tokenization
               | approach.
               | 
               | The clown car of Phds may be able to entertain the
               | venture capital folks for awhile, but eventually a VR
               | girlfriend chat-bot convinces a kid to kill themselves
               | like last year.
               | 
               | Again, cognitive development like ethics development is
               | currently impossible for LLM as they are lacking any form
               | of intelligence (artificial or otherwise.) People have
               | patched directives into the model, but these weights are
               | likely fundamentally statistically insignificant due to
               | cultural sarcasm in the data sets.
               | 
               | Please write your own responses, =3
        
               | Lerc wrote:
               | You suspect my words of being AI generated while at the
               | same time arguing that AI cannot possibly reason.
               | 
               | It seems like you see AI where there is not, this
               | compromises your ability to assess the limitations of AI.
               | 
               | You say that LLMs cannot have any form of intelligence
               | but for some definitions of intelligence it is obvious
               | they do. Existing models are not capable in all areas but
               | they have some abilities. You are asserting that they
               | cannot be intelligent which implies that you have a
               | different definition of intelligence and that LLMs will
               | never satisfy that definition.
               | 
               | What is that definition for intelligence? How would you
               | prove something does not have it?
        
               | Joel_Mckay wrote:
               | "What is that definition for intelligence?"
               | 
               | That is a very open-ended detractor question, and is
               | philosophically loaded with taboo violations of human
               | neurology. i.e. It could seriously harm people to hear my
               | opinion on the matter... so I will insist I am a USB
               | connected turnip for now ... =)
               | 
               | "How would you prove something does not have it?"
               | 
               | A Receiver operating characteristic no better than
               | chance, within a truly randomized data set. i.e. a system
               | incapable of knowing how many Rs in Strawberry at the
               | token level... is also inherently incapable of
               | understanding what a Strawberry means in the context of
               | perception (currently not possible for LLM.)
               | 
               | Have a great day =3
        
           | TeMPOraL wrote:
           | > _Get a ham radio technician license, and you may develop an
           | intuitive perspective on most electrical engineering
           | concepts._
           | 
           | May. I managed to get one without developing much intuition
           | for most EE concepts, unfortunately.
        
             | Joel_Mckay wrote:
             | Did you mean you don't understand the equations/theory, or
             | are having difficulty applying the concepts to design
             | circuits?
             | 
             | In the first case, install LTSpice (free from Analog
             | Devices), and head here to run down the basics:
             | 
             | https://www.youtube.com/@FesZElectronics/videos
             | 
             | And in the latter, go though common basic designs analyzing
             | how they work:
             | 
             | https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofelectroniccircuit
             | s...
             | 
             | https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofel02graf
             | 
             | https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780070110779
             | 
             | https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofel0006graf
             | 
             | Then try your own designs combining properties of several
             | designs. Start with simple blinkers and buzzers at first...
             | Try to avoid Arduino designs until you've done a few 555,
             | transistor, and opamp circuits first. =3
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | Most of my issues seem to be about power - I have no feel
               | for the relevant math, so even as I remember the basic
               | equations and methods, I never feel certain I'm
               | calculating it right. So in terms of hands-on experience,
               | I pretty much jumped straight from burning through-hole
               | resistors with 12V battery to ignite rocket motors made
               | of PVC and caramel fuel, to Arduinos and RPIs and
               | NodeMCUs -- basically, stuff that comes with an USB port
               | it can draw power from...
               | 
               | Thanks for the links, I'll work through them and
               | hopefully come out with some understanding at the end of
               | this process :).
        
               | Joel_Mckay wrote:
               | Note, part of the fun is the forensic analysis to figure
               | out why stuff didn't work the first time... Maybe a LDO
               | Voron 3d printer kit would be a fun project too =3
        
               | otteromkram wrote:
               | I mean I'm a dummy who just wanted to listen to ISS
               | static and trucker jargon.
        
               | Joel_Mckay wrote:
               | Indeed, we also end up learning about our sun in levels
               | of detail no person should find enthralling... lol =3
        
             | 0xEF wrote:
             | Were you also completely turned off by the community?
             | 
             | I ask because I got into it about 15+ years ago for the
             | purposes of helping with emergency comms and learning more
             | about electronics, but found the community extremely
             | hostile toward new comers that did not have money to burn
             | on expensive gear. I ended up just giving up on it after a
             | few years after investing in a bunch of Arduino stuff and
             | learned far more about EE than I ever did playing at radio.
             | The concept of the Elmer seemed dead, leaving nobody who
             | wanted to show the new guys the ropes.
             | 
             | From what I understand, maybe that has changed in recent
             | years?
             | 
             | Weirdly, I did take something away from my experience with
             | ham radio; I know an awful lot about the weather and
             | atmosphere now, which has turned into a lasting interest.
        
               | cushychicken wrote:
               | Ham radio's decline is more than explainable as a
               | cultural issue.
               | 
               | The culture of every internet forum I've ever visited for
               | it is absolutely deplorable. It seems like each one has a
               | handful of really grouchy old gatekeepers who lie in wait
               | to absolutely dunk on newcomers.
        
               | 0xEF wrote:
               | We agree, but I suppose my next question would be why?
               | What happened to turn these guys (or ham radio culture at
               | large) into grouchy old gatekeepers? I'm generalizing, of
               | course, but they were like that when I arrived. I can't
               | imagine the hobby was always like that, especially seeing
               | some of the old literature from the 50's and 60's in the
               | US, which was very encouraging of mentoring and sharing
               | info.
               | 
               | If it's still the same today as it was back when I tried
               | it out, that's a shame, because ham radio is absolutely
               | full of hardware hacking opportunities. Heck, you can
               | make an antenna out of a retractable tape measure.
        
               | btreecat wrote:
               | Lead paint probably
        
               | cushychicken wrote:
               | HAHA that got me good
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | > _What happened to turn these guys (or ham radio culture
               | at large) into grouchy old gatekeepers? I 'm
               | generalizing, of course, but they were like that when I
               | arrived._
               | 
               | My bet would be, the Internet. Mailing lists and then
               | discussion boards (and then group IMs) allowed for
               | deeper, topical conversations, with much lower barrier to
               | entry, so everyone left the radio spectrum - everyone
               | except those already used to spending time on it, and not
               | interested in moving on to the new thing.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | Maybe, but the problem I see with HAM is that no
               | interesting discussion is allowed to happen in the first
               | place. Between the legal rules, cultural rules, and the
               | expectation to avoid niche topics that would bore out 90%
               | of participants, there's hardly anything left to talk
               | about.
        
               | doubleg72 wrote:
               | The overlap of hams and preppers is pretty large.. Most
               | of those guys are of a particular mindset that only
               | meshes with other like minded individuals.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | > _Were you also completely turned off by the community?_
               | 
               | I was never turned on :). I got my license partly because
               | other people at our local Hackerspace were getting it,
               | and partly because I imagined it'll be useful to have the
               | knowledge and ability to build and legally operate my own
               | radio hardware.
               | 
               | I never got the whole HAM talking over radio thing.
               | Between the legal and cultural restrictions on the
               | topics, and the expectations of not taking up the
               | airwaves too much, I can't see how you could discuss
               | _anything_ interesting or worthwhile this way. It 's no
               | surprise that there seems to be nothing going on other
               | than boring and obnoxious rag chewing - interesting
               | conversations aren't allowed to occur in the first place.
               | 
               | I mean, the intersection between "non-commercial", "non-
               | religious", "non-controversial/non-political", and
               | "interesting to any HAM" is... basically just saying
               | hello, weather, trash talk, and self-referential showing
               | off.
        
           | RobotToaster wrote:
           | At least in the UK you can't if you're a linux user, the
           | software they use to spy on you while taking the test is
           | windows only.
        
             | Cthulhu_ wrote:
             | Well first off, the certificate comes with certain
             | guarantees, and they can't give those guarantees if they
             | can't prove you didn't cheat on the test. "spy on you" is
             | absolutely correct, but a bad faith phrasing. That said, I
             | did my AWS test at a test / exam center where there's
             | isolated computers and cameras to validate that there was
             | no cheating.
        
       | akwagiobe wrote:
       | Pos
        
       | Aetheridon wrote:
       | fantastic providing such knowledge for free, many thanks
        
       | abetusk wrote:
       | Unfortunately not Open Source, in the common definition of the
       | word.
       | 
       | From the license.md [0] page, under "Terms":
       | 
       | > Exemptions: Commercial Use: For inquiries regarding commercial
       | use, please contact the author.
       | 
       | [0]
       | https://github.com/f3nter/HardBreak/blob/fd3d2d4cd17624a3f62...
        
         | hw-f3nter wrote:
         | I just don't want anyone to copy the content and sell it. It's
         | meant to be freely accessible to everyone.
        
           | nerdile wrote:
           | That's fine. It's just not open source. Don't call it open
           | source if it's not.
           | 
           | Definition: https://opensource.org/osd
        
             | SomeoneOnTheWeb wrote:
             | Not everyone agrees with this definition. If the source is
             | open to read, for me it's open source. The website you
             | linked is an _opinionated_ view on what open source is.
        
               | __jonas wrote:
               | > If the source is open to read, for me it's open source
               | 
               | Not everyone agrees with the OSI definition but I'd say
               | almost noone agrees with that definition there.
               | 
               | I think most people understand what you are describing as
               | "Source Available". Could even be a commercial project.
        
               | shevis wrote:
               | > If the source is open to read, for me it's open source.
               | 
               | That's called "source available". Open source
               | colloquially implies open license.
        
               | rvense wrote:
               | I mean, there's not a lot we can do to stop you using the
               | phrase in this way. But you should know that you will
               | cause confusion. The phrase "open source" is, to an awful
               | lot of people, a technical term with a specific meaning
               | and has been so for decades now.
        
               | captainepoch wrote:
               | It's not. Open Source has its own definition.
               | 
               | You can define however you want, but it's not Open
               | Source. What you mean is "source available".
        
               | palata wrote:
               | I think you misunderstand the debates happening around
               | open source. They exist, but not for what you mean.
        
             | Llamanator3830 wrote:
             | This reminds me of the discussion of whether if open source
             | AI models are open source or not, when the training data is
             | not available to the public.
        
             | themaninthedark wrote:
             | >Free and open-source software (FOSS) or free/libre and
             | open-source software (FLOSS) is openly shared source code
             | that is licensed without any restrictions on usage,
             | modification, or distribution. Confusion persists about
             | this definition because the "free", also known as "libre",
             | refers to the freedom of the product, not the price,
             | expense, cost, or charge. For example, "being free to
             | speak" is not the same as "free beer".
             | 
             | I generally think of open source as where I can see the
             | code and freely modify it, not necessarily freely
             | commercialize it on my own.
        
               | woodrowbarlow wrote:
               | the FSF/OSI are big on emphasizing that "free/open" means
               | more than exposing the designs and mechanisms; it means
               | guaranteeing certain freedoms and rights to the users of
               | your software.
               | 
               | what you're describing is usually called "source-
               | available".
        
               | thatcat wrote:
               | If open source doesn't specify a license that is it under
               | then you should only assume that the source has been made
               | available. Both GPL and Apache licensing are considered
               | open source, even though apache is more permissive for
               | commercial derivatives. No one calls GPL "source-
               | available" in common conversation regardless of OSI's
               | opinion.
        
               | themaninthedark wrote:
               | As well as some variants of BSD licenses:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BSD_licenses
               | 
               | >Two variants of the license, the New BSD
               | License/Modified BSD License (3-clause), and the
               | Simplified BSD License/FreeBSD License (2-clause) have
               | been verified as GPL-compatible free software licenses by
               | the Free Software Foundation, and have been vetted as
               | open source licenses by the Open Source Initiative. The
               | original, 4-clause BSD license has not been accepted as
               | an open source license and, although the original is
               | considered to be a free software license by the FSF, the
               | FSF does not consider it to be compatible with the GPL
               | due to the advertising clause.
        
               | pbhjpbhj wrote:
               | I think I'm about where you are in all this, I see NC
               | (restrictions that activities are non-commercial; like
               | CC-NC) as being 'open source'.
               | 
               | Sure, I can't take your work, cut you off, then sell that
               | work as if it were my own... but without explicit
               | encouragement to do that (*), honour should inhibit that.
               | 
               | (* I'm aware some licenses give explicit encouragement to
               | commercially exploit -- I just don't think that is the
               | boundary for open source)
        
             | 38 wrote:
             | that definition is wrong, really by just common sense
        
               | fsflover wrote:
               | This is a shallow dismissal, which is against the HN
               | Guidlines.
        
             | megous wrote:
             | I mean this lists MIT license as opensource license, when
             | it's clearly not, because it doesn't at all mention source
             | code. The license just talks about "software".
             | 
             | Anyone is free to publish only binaries+docs under this
             | license, if they wish.
             | 
             | So the website is not very accurate.
        
           | ajot wrote:
           | Have you thought of a Creative Commons license? You can have
           | a Non-Commercial clause, while letting others to cooperate
           | with you and remix the information in your site. CC licenses
           | are IMHO better suited for documents than things like GPL,
           | BSD or MIT.
           | 
           | https://chooser-beta.creativecommons.org/
        
             | snvzz wrote:
             | Note that the CC -ND licenses are not Open Source either.
        
               | ajot wrote:
               | That's a fair comment, maybe OP should change the Open
               | Source part after all, even if the license is changed.
        
         | 38 wrote:
         | wrong. your definition essentially means "business friendly",
         | the wiki is open source in every way that matters, except for
         | "lets make money off this persons free work"
        
         | CaptainFever wrote:
         | Thanks for your work in pointing this out! Like a trademark, we
         | have to defend this term if we want its meaning to persist.
         | 
         | I don't have specific sources, but to those curious, the gist
         | is this: open source, or more accurately free software or free
         | culture, is not about the creator. It is about affirming the
         | rights of the user, to use the work in any way they wish, which
         | includes selling it.
         | 
         | A common phrase to correct this unfortunate misconception is
         | "free as in speech, not as in beer". The price tag is not the
         | issue (you can actually sell free work, like by commission or
         | by phsyical copies), the freedom of the user is. This includes
         | the freedom to reuse the content in a commercial manner. Just
         | about the only freedom that may be restricted is the freedom to
         | restrict others.
         | 
         | You may disagree with this, but this is just the history of the
         | free software, free culture and open source movement, which
         | built a significant portion of the software world we have
         | today.
        
       | SilentM68 wrote:
       | Thank you for the site.
       | 
       | I've been trying to learn how to customize Linux (e.g. roll my
       | own Linux) for any platform but it takes time to learn since all
       | the information is laid out all over the internet, thus hard to
       | locate. I'm aware of Linux From Scratch project but it is a long
       | read and I find that certain knowledge is assumed (e.g. why build
       | chain is needed), thus not necessarily newbie-friendly. Though
       | I've yet to go through your site, hopefully it will take the
       | newbie inexperience (e.g. electronics knowledge if any) into
       | consideration.
       | 
       | Good luck, SM68
        
       | whalesalad wrote:
       | Can anyone recommend a resource for how to (architecturally)
       | handle communication with a device over i2c? That is where I am
       | kinda stuck atm when it comes to programming a GPS device.
       | 
       | Backstory: at one point I was trying to use elixir/nerves on an
       | rpi to manipulate a few sensor modules to try and produce a race
       | lap timer for motorcycles:
       | https://github.com/whalesalad/rabbit/blob/master/lib/rabbit/...
       | 
       | I bit off more than I could chew: learn elixir, learn i2c, and
       | produce a novel library for controlling the ublox chip since
       | nothing existed for Elixir.
       | 
       | But when it comes to managing the state of the device,
       | reading/writing memory, etc.. that is all very foreign to me (I
       | am used to sockets, http apis, etc) like request/response style
       | interactions.
        
         | wmat wrote:
         | You might find some useful information on elinux.org here:
         | https://elinux.org/Interfacing_with_I2C_Devices
         | 
         | Additionally, search on the wiki of i2c.
        
         | thomasthorpe wrote:
         | So it jumps into detail quickly and is written by a vendor but
         | this is a pretty good guide handling the architecture and
         | detail. See how read and writes use device and register
         | addresses to issue requests, and responses are managed with
         | clock pulses and bus arbitration.
         | 
         | https://www.ti.com/lit/pdf/sbaa565 [pdf]
        
           | whalesalad wrote:
           | thank you!
        
       | atentaten wrote:
       | This is good. I would've like to see the things that are possible
       | by hacking hardware upfront. I think this help entice users by
       | providing some exciting anticipation.
        
       | freedomben wrote:
       | This is great, and sorely needed! My son wanted to get into
       | hardware hacking a couple of years ago and had a horrible time.
       | He ended up watching a mish-mash of varying quality youtube
       | videos and reading blog posts which went out of date suprisingly
       | quick.
        
       | fitsumbelay wrote:
       | whether partially open source or not, I appreciate this. Thanks,
       | OP
        
       | rubslopes wrote:
       | Please remember to write "Show HN:" when submitting your own
       | content.
        
         | hw-f3nter wrote:
         | I was thinking about it, but the Guidelines include this:
         | 
         | >Off topic: blog posts, sign-up pages, newsletters, lists, and
         | other reading material. Those can't be tried out, so can't be
         | Show HNs. Make a regular submission instead.
         | 
         | so I made a regular submission, as I think HardBreak is reading
         | material. @Mods feel free to move my post, if this is
         | considered a Show HN post.
        
           | rubslopes wrote:
           | I think you are right! I stand corrected.
        
       | david_shaw wrote:
       | This is great.
       | 
       | I've always been on the application security side of things, but
       | I'm increasingly interested in hardware hacking. Through some
       | cursory research, I learned that there are a few scattered
       | resources, but the best way to learn is to really work with
       | someone who knows what they're doing.
       | 
       | Putting all these guides, roadmaps, etc. together in a single
       | place is a great resource that I'll definitely use.
       | 
       | Thank you!
        
       | hi_hi wrote:
       | This is great timing. I recently purchased a micro:bit for
       | learning with my young daughter (who loves it) and found I was
       | very quickly out of my depth with even the most rudimentary
       | customisation for the board.
       | 
       | My draws have now exploded with breadboards, alligator clips,
       | jump wires, LCDs and various other electrical components and I'm
       | in desperate need of understanding the fundamentals of how all
       | these things work.
       | 
       | There's something magical and addictive about being able to
       | control your own hardware components from your own code though.
       | We've had great joy from simply lighting up LEDs and programming
       | our IR receiver.
        
       | JoeDaDude wrote:
       | Nice! Hopefully it will grow to include circuit bending [1]
       | techniques, those typically used for altering music machines and
       | similar.
       | 
       | [1]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circuit_bending
        
         | 0xEF wrote:
         | Just in case folks are curious, a circuit bending wiki does
         | exist:
         | 
         | https://circuitbending.miraheze.org/wiki/Circuit_Bending
        
       | amatecha wrote:
       | A minor nitpick, but it would be great if you put a description
       | of the site in the meta/og description[0] so people get an
       | explanation of what the site is when linking elsewhere, e.g. the
       | same "This page is a free and open-source wiki about hardware
       | hacking!" as is on the page itself. I just linked the site in
       | Slack and it just says "hardbreak.wiki / Welcome to HardBreak |
       | Hardbreak" which is pretty terse. I imagine there might be some
       | setting in your wiki software that might populate these tags
       | automatically (moreso than they already have), with any luck!
       | 
       | [0] https://ogp.me/
        
         | hw-f3nter wrote:
         | You are right! I encountered the same problem. Unfortunately, I
         | didn't find a setting in Gitbook to change the preview text,
         | just the preview image. It seems like it just takes the name of
         | the first page 'Welcome to HardBreak' and adds the site name
         | 'HardBreak' at the end. So I'd have to change the name of the
         | first page, but a name like 'HardBreak - a Hardware Hacking
         | Wiki' or something similar would look weird on the website, I
         | think. I haven't found a good solution for that yet.
        
           | sen wrote:
           | I think having it in the homepage title is fine. I do it for
           | most sites I build for exactly this reason.
           | 
           | "HardBreak - Open-Source Hardware Hacking Wiki"
           | 
           | Looks fine as a title, and helps for embeds/sharing.
        
       | NoboruWataya wrote:
       | Great idea, and it's definitely an area I am becoming more
       | interested in as a hobbyist.
       | 
       | Not to be that guy, but I always think it's a shame to see an
       | open source community centre itself around a Discord server.
        
         | hw-f3nter wrote:
         | Thank you for your feedback! The Discord server serves as a
         | platform for feedback and discussions about hardware hacking
         | and HardBreak. Do you have any suggestions for alternative ways
         | to offer these features?
        
           | mdaniel wrote:
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42685138 is the one I
           | always post in any mention if Discord or Slack because they
           | are both walled gardens
           | 
           | In your specific case, you may have to self-host or pay
           | because I don't believe your project would qualify under
           | their open source hosting offering but it wouldn't hurt to
           | ask
        
       | theyknowitsxmas wrote:
       | AI gen hogwash
       | 
       | Head to your local public library and pick any book pre 2020
        
       | petabyt wrote:
       | Shameless plug: For anybody wanting to get into rockchip SoC
       | development I've created a (no AI) resource:
       | https://danielc.dev/rk/
        
       | Over2Chars wrote:
       | The wiki is free and open-source? Or the contents of the wiki are
       | free and open-source?
       | 
       | If it's a wiki, it would be less than courteous to restrictively
       | copyright public contributions (but I'm sure it's been done).
       | 
       | And presumably, paywalling it would reduce contributions.
       | 
       | My impression as to the number one barrier to hardware
       | modifications is _soldering_. For some reason people can 't or
       | won't do it.
       | 
       | So I'd like to introduce the non-sponsor for this comment,
       | "Pincel" the open firmware soldering iron
       | 
       | https://pine64.org/devices/pinecil/
       | 
       | It's running a risc-v chip on open firmware so you'll have cool
       | points with when you whip it out at Richard Stallman's next BBQ.
        
         | 1317 wrote:
         | It's nice that open firmware exists
         | 
         | but why on earth would a soldering iron need firmware to begin
         | with?
        
           | snvzz wrote:
           | Temperature control.
           | 
           | It can be done w/o software for sure, but it's easier to do
           | PID with.
        
         | 0xEF wrote:
         | The Pinecil is great, but is definitely a terrible
         | recommendation for anyone new to soldering. If you're trying to
         | encourage people to learn to solder, they should be doing it
         | with a proper station that can handle and maintain temp for
         | extended periods. I have a Pinecil, but it's really only useful
         | for quick on-the-fly jobs (which it excels at, in my
         | experience) so it stays in my tool bag for work. It suffers
         | from overheating and temperature changes for more lengthy jobs.
         | 
         | Otherwise, yeah, if you're already competent at soldering and
         | need a pocket-sized iron that you can create a portable power
         | supply for, invest in a Pinecil
        
       | HeartofCPU wrote:
       | I love it so much. I always wanted to get started with hardware
       | hacking , and this is the right place to start !
        
       | Fokamul wrote:
       | Omg, wiki is recommending "Bus Pirate", this HW is many years old
       | and basically abandoned project. Use something up-to-date, like
       | Tigard and BitMagic.
        
         | teatkin wrote:
         | Ian Lesnet/Dangerous Prototypes have within the last few months
         | released the v5 Bus Pirate. Looks like he and the Dangerous
         | Prototypes team might have taken on different ventures, but Ian
         | has come back to the Bus Pirate.
         | 
         | On a personal note, I think the v5 hardware is pretty good,
         | worth having alongside a Tigard since they are all so cheap
         | anyway.
         | 
         | Edit: Apparently there's now a v5 XL and a v6 based on the
         | RP2350 been released too, seems to be revived
        
       | mrc527 wrote:
       | Nice one, very user friendly.
       | 
       | Can't wait for the RFID section :)
        
       | fasten wrote:
       | Thanks this is an awesome resource! Especially to get into
       | hardware hacking without getting lost in case studies... It looks
       | super beginner friendly too
        
       | xvilka wrote:
       | Instead of `strings` for the search[1], I recommend using `rz-
       | bin`[2] and `rz-find`[3] tools, which offer more flexibility,
       | searching strings outside of the data sections, searching for
       | Unicode and less common encodings, and built-in cryptographic
       | keys search. There are also `/` (search) commands in the Rizin
       | itself. As for the entropy, there is a configurable and
       | interactive histogram, see `p=` and `p==` commands, e.g. `p==e`.
       | 
       | [1] https://book.rizin.re/src/search_bytes/intro.html
       | 
       | [2] https://book.rizin.re/src/tools/rz-bin/strings.html
       | 
       | [3] https://book.rizin.re/src/tools/rz-find/intro.html
        
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       (page generated 2025-01-14 23:01 UTC)