[HN Gopher] Why the Getty Center Is the Safest Place for Art Dur...
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       Why the Getty Center Is the Safest Place for Art During a Fire
       (2019)
        
       Author : wallflower
       Score  : 57 points
       Date   : 2025-01-12 18:06 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.getty.edu)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.getty.edu)
        
       | axlee wrote:
       | Note: while this is a 2019 article, the Getty Center has not
       | burned during the 2025 Palisades fire.
        
         | KennyBlanken wrote:
         | No, but it's been inside the evacuation area for a while:
         | 
         | https://www.google.com/maps/@34.0876669,-118.5930521,12z/dat...
         | 
         | It's also relevant because the Getty Center has been rather
         | smug about how awesome their fire protection is.
        
           | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
           | > It's also relevant because the Getty Center has been rather
           | smug about how awesome their fire protection is.
           | 
           | I think your "smug" comment is unwarranted. They put a ton of
           | solid engineering thought, money and planning into protecting
           | the center from fire. Nothing is 100% but I think their
           | confidence is warranted.
           | 
           | Related, the Getty Villa right in the middle of the Palisades
           | also put a lot of thought, planning and money into fire
           | prevention, and despite being directly in the path of the
           | Palisades firestorm, no structures on the Villa burned
        
             | KennyBlanken wrote:
             | They are being really smug, talking about designs and
             | systems that mean nothing when you've got temperatures
             | outside the building hot enough to melt aluminum engine
             | blocks, infrared radiation intense enough to set fire to
             | things hundreds of feet away - as well as very low oxygen
             | and very high CO/CO2 levels along with dozens of different
             | toxic gasses - all of which HEPA filtration won't do squat
             | about.
             | 
             | A "stone facade" doesn't stop +1200 degree temperatures,
             | especially when everything on the outside will undergo
             | incredible thermal expansion and at the least open up gaps.
             | Steel expands about 1-2% for just an increase to 100
             | degrees C. 300C means about 3-4% expansion. And then
             | there's the huge expanses of windows which will shatter or
             | pop out - and even if they don't, the intense IR radiation
             | will by and large go through them.
             | 
             | People don't realize just how insanely hot wildfires get.
             | Go look at the pictures of neighborhoods that have burnt-
             | they're leveled with the exception of some chimneys, steel
             | girders for houses that have them (most these days don't,
             | builders have been using wood-composite beams) iron fences,
             | car bodies. Everything else is burned or melted.
             | 
             | There isn't a building in the world that will stop the
             | _megawatts_ of heat energy _per square meter_ wildfires can
             | generate in IR radiation.
        
               | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
               | Yes, wildfires get incredibly hot. But the fires
               | essentially always travel by embers or direct contact
               | with fire - your comments about IR radiation seem to
               | imply that IR alone will cause ignition, which is rarely
               | if ever the case.
               | 
               | Here is a story about a bunch of people who survived the
               | Camp fire in Paradise, CA, surrounded by the raging
               | inferno, by staying in the middle of a parking lot:
               | https://www.firehouse.com/operations-
               | training/wildland/news/...
        
               | hyeonwho4 wrote:
               | Stone doesn't burn, and neither does concrete. Glass
               | melts. Steel evidently didn't burn at the temperatures
               | these fires got to. So it makes sense that a building
               | made of concrete and steel with stone facades and
               | fiberglass insulation would survive the fire, especially
               | after clearing out and hydrating the surrounding
               | landscape so it wouldn't have the density or flammability
               | of a forest. The Getty Center may have gotten lucky, but
               | they might have also earned their "luck" through
               | investment and planning.
        
               | jjulius wrote:
               | >They are being really smug...
               | 
               | Just out of sheer curiosity, I would be tremendously
               | curious to understand what kind of personal/professional
               | background/experience you have that would qualify you to
               | certify their emergency systems as functionally
               | ineffective and their messaging "smug".
        
           | marze wrote:
           | Everyone with a fire-hardened house should be feeling good.
           | If all Pacific Palisades houses were fire-hardened, the fire
           | would have burned vegetation but few houses.
           | 
           | Even modest fire hardening would help. If a wood-frame house
           | burns, it is a danger to all nearby houses. Hardening reduces
           | the chain reaction potential.
        
         | DidYaWipe wrote:
         | The Getty Villa was far more threatened by the Palisades Fire
         | than the center.
        
       | mycentstoo wrote:
       | Additional Context: The Getty Villa which is on the border of
       | Malibu and Pacific Palisades was the structure that was
       | threatened by fire directly. This article is about the Getty
       | Center which lies in Brentwood and fires did not reach it.
       | 
       | Center: 1200 Getty Center Drive, Los Angeles, CA 90049
       | 
       | Villa: 17985 Pacific Coast Highway, Pacific Palisades, CA 90272
        
         | sbuttgereit wrote:
         | The reason this article is likely appearing now is because the
         | Getty Center proper is currently in a zone which is under
         | evacuation orders:
         | 
         | "The Getty Center, situated in Brentwood, draws 1.8 million
         | visitors annually and houses hundreds of centuries-old art
         | pieces from renowned artists such as Van Gogh, Rembrandt and
         | Monet.
         | 
         | But even though as of Saturday, the center was included in a
         | mandatory evacuation zone as a result of the Palisades Fire
         | expansion into Brentwood, the center insisted its campus is the
         | "safest place possible" for its massive art collection."
         | 
         | https://www.nbclosangeles.com/news/local/heres-how-the-getty...
         | 
         | This news report links the the article posted.
         | 
         | As of my check right now (1/12/25, noon Pacific Time), the
         | Palisades Fire is still only 11% contained, so it's not yet
         | over.
        
           | mycentstoo wrote:
           | Oh I know, I live very close to there. I just wanted to add
           | insight for those that might not be familiar with those being
           | two separate things.
        
           | fmajid wrote:
           | Will it remain the safest place if there are no people left
           | on-site to staff the fire-protection mechanisms because of a
           | mandatory evacuation order?
        
             | bugglebeetle wrote:
             | The Getty has an endowment in the billions and an entire
             | team devoted to this that is permitted to be on site,
             | coordinates with local fire and police services, etc. The
             | entire center is also built into the hillside, with
             | fireproof vaults in the underground levels, so there is no
             | real risk to any of the collections.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | If people evacuate before putting the art in the vaults,
               | the vaults won't work. Remember the Titanic when the life
               | boats left half full?
        
               | bugglebeetle wrote:
               | > The Getty has [...] an entire team devoted to this that
               | is permitted to be on site.
        
               | cge wrote:
               | Yes: you can notice this, for example, in the
               | announcements they put out while the area around the
               | Getty Villa evacuated and then burned, where they pointed
               | out that _non-emergency_ staff had evacuated. Similarly,
               | I think JPL always had (emergency) staff present, and
               | their own firefighting resources.
               | 
               | Having heard about wildfire policies for some high-
               | profile institutions in fire-prone areas, they'll often
               | have their own procedures, in coordination with local
               | authorities, which may not involve evacuating when others
               | do, and may involve people _coming_ to the site when
               | others are evacuating.
        
               | DiscourseFan wrote:
               | I imagine they have a number of life-support systems to
               | ensure the staff can hang out in the building for a while
               | in case of a severe natural disaster.
        
               | mystified5016 wrote:
               | "Yeah and what if you just forget to use your fancy
               | equipment? Not so smart now, huh?!"
               | 
               | You totally showed them
        
               | moralestapia wrote:
               | An observation on how this has become extremely common
               | nowadays.
               | 
               | Here, at work, in real life. People just argue with
               | whatever dumb thing they can come up with, for the sake
               | of arguing, it makes them feel smart. It's really hard to
               | have a meaningful conversation with them.
               | 
               | I go to a couple philosophical discussion groups and the
               | occasional town hall meeting. People just can't get their
               | _imaginary_ needs satisfied.
               | 
               | "But that area seems unsafe"
               | 
               | "We could hire a security guard to be around"
               | 
               | "But what if the security guard is a criminal, like in
               | that one episode of muh favorite tv show"
               | 
               | "We could do an extensive background check, work with
               | companies that have a good reputation, ..."
               | 
               | "But what if they make all that up, I saw that in a
               | movie"
               | 
               | And nothing. ever. gets. done.
               | 
               | Btw, I've even seen people get a small round of applause
               | by their peers after making one of such arguments irl.
               | This comes to mind:
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kn200lvmTZc.
        
         | DidYaWipe wrote:
         | Yep. The Getty Villa was threatened, and is not discussed in
         | the linked article.
         | 
         | I enjoy the villa at least as much as the main center. It would
         | be a huge loss.
        
       | __turbobrew__ wrote:
       | I guess it is too expensive to have a fm-200 based fire
       | suppression system? They say they have sprinklers as a last
       | resort but I'm guessing it would destroy most of the art if you
       | needed to use them.
        
         | Schiendelman wrote:
         | Most art is sealed into covered frames. You also design fire
         | suppression sprinklers to start in outer rooms. Smoke is a far
         | greater danger to art in a fire.
        
           | popalchemist wrote:
           | The art at the Getty is not sealed.
        
         | cududa wrote:
         | Did some googling, and from what I can find, there's one fm-200
         | based museum suppression system in Cincinnati - which is also
         | the home of Proctor and Gamble, a manufacturer of
         | Hydrofluorocarbons.
         | 
         | I'm guessing there's a pretty good reason no one put these in
         | museums/ they tried and they didn't work.
         | 
         | I tend to think of property insurance companies having goals
         | that are the most "morally aligned" with the goals of
         | civilization.
         | 
         | They don't want fires, floods, etc to happen, or they lose
         | money. They spend a lot of money researching climate patterns
         | and construction standards, lobby for climate policies and new
         | building standards, etc.
         | 
         | I'm sure insuring a museum and the risk of a payout is a dicey
         | endeavor. The companies insuring them have probably lit many
         | mock-museums on fire to decide what suppression system/ designs
         | they'll insure
        
           | KennyBlanken wrote:
           | FM200 is not the only system available - Inergen, Novec 1230,
           | CO2, etc (nobody has used Halon in ages if they can avoid it,
           | as it's toxic.)
           | 
           | Gaseous fire suppression systems have numerous requirements
           | that make them unsuited for a large publicly accessible
           | space. There's oxygen displacement; most of them are
           | "nontoxic" to breathe but still displace oxygen, so you have
           | to have various measures to keep from killing people - that
           | could range from delayed discharge up to SCBA stations (and
           | staff training, maintenance, etc.)
           | 
           | The other problem is that you need sufficient concentration
           | of the agent; the concentration varies, and some need higher
           | concentrations (and better sealing) than others. That means
           | quite a lot of work if the space/building wasn't built with
           | it in mind. Even for a relatively small and simple server
           | room, gaseous fire suppression installation is expensive and
           | a general pain in the ass.
           | 
           | The systems are intended for spaces that aren't normally
           | occupied. Vaults/storage for example, and industrial spaces
           | (electrical substations, for example.)
        
             | cduzz wrote:
             | I thought _halon_ was  "harmless" to people, but mixing
             | halon _with fire_ produces nasty poisons.
             | 
             | The vast majority of fire suppression events I've heard of
             | (in a DC or similar environment) are unintentional, meaning
             | the halon wouldn't be toxic (according to my potentially
             | flawed memory).
             | 
             | Certainly, if there's been a legit fire suppression event,
             | you wait for people with the hard-hats to clear the
             | facility. Of course, you should do the same if there's been
             | a no-fire suppression event, but ideally your fire
             | suppression mechanism doesn't kill the people in the room
             | needlessly...
        
         | Spooky23 wrote:
         | That's not really for this sort of threat. Those systems
         | displace oxygen in a confined space and into the are intended
         | to stop combustion originating in that space.
         | 
         | They may have a system like that in a vault but not for the
         | whole facility.
        
         | cge wrote:
         | In addition to other comments: there are also specialized
         | sprinklers to minimize both the risk of inadvertent damage
         | (they point out their sprinkler systems are dry by default,
         | which is not typical), and to minimize damage on correct
         | activation: eg, typical sprinklers turn on permanently, often
         | by a vial breaking, but if I recall specialized museum/library
         | sprinklers exist that can turn on and off depending on
         | conditions.
        
       | alexwasserman wrote:
       | Very interesting to see the thought put into it. And given the
       | cultural and historic significance, they're literally
       | irreplaceable. Must be a fun exercise in incident management and
       | prevention.
       | 
       | I found this interesting too - https://www.getty.edu/news/the-
       | hidden-engineering-protecting...
       | 
       | An article about their approach to earthquake protection.
       | 
       | In both cases it looks like they're leading these sorts of
       | engineering developments.
        
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