[HN Gopher] Phi 4 available on Ollama
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Phi 4 available on Ollama
        
       Author : eadz
       Score  : 269 points
       Date   : 2025-01-09 08:12 UTC (3 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (ollama.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (ollama.com)
        
       | gnabgib wrote:
       | Related _Phi-4: Microsoft 's Newest Small Language Model
       | Specializing in Complex Reasoning_ (439 points, 24 days ago, 144
       | comments) https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42405323
       | 
       | Also on hugging face https://huggingface.co/microsoft/phi-4
        
       | andhuman wrote:
       | I've seen on the localllama subreddit that some GGUFs have bugs
       | in them. The one recommended was by unsloth. However, I don't
       | know how the Ollama GGUF holds up.
        
         | compumetrika wrote:
         | Ollama can pull directly from HF, you just provide the URL and
         | add to the end :Q8_0 (or whatever) to specify your desired
         | quant. Bonus: use the short form url of `hf` instead of
         | `huggingface` to shorten the model name a little in the ollama
         | list table.
         | 
         | Edit: so for example of you want the unsloth "debugged" version
         | of Phi4, you would run:
         | 
         | `$ollama pull hf.co/unsloth/phi-4-GGUF:Q8_0`
         | 
         | (check on the right side of the hf.co/unsloth/phi-4-GGUF page
         | for the available quants)
        
           | jimmySixDOF wrote:
           | You still need to make sure the modelfile works so this
           | method will not run out of the box on a vision GGUF or
           | anything with special schemas. Thats why mostly a good idea
           | to pull from ollama directly.
        
           | wruza wrote:
           | Is it true that non-gguf models are basically all
           | Q4-equivalent? I'm always not sure which one to download to
           | get the "default score".
        
         | magicalhippo wrote:
         | Here's[1] a recent submission on that.
         | 
         | [1]: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42660335 _Phi-4 Bug
         | Fixes_
        
         | jmorgan wrote:
         | Phi-4's architecture changed slightly from Phi-3.5 (it no
         | longer uses a sliding window of 2,048 tokens [1]), causing a
         | change in the hyperparameters (and ultimately an error at
         | inference time for some published GGUF files on Hugging Face,
         | since the same architecture name/identifier was re-used between
         | the two models).
         | 
         | For the Phi-4 uploaded to Ollama, the hyperparameters were set
         | to avoid the error. The error should stop occurring in the next
         | version of Ollama [2] for imported GGUF files as well
         | 
         | In retrospect, a new architecture name should probably have
         | been used entirely, instead of re-using "phi3".
         | 
         | [1] https://arxiv.org/html/2412.08905v1
         | 
         | [2] https://github.com/ollama/ollama/releases/tag/v0.5.5
        
       | mythz wrote:
       | Was disappointed in all the Phi models before this, whose
       | benchmark results scored way better than it worked in practice,
       | but I've been really impressed with how good Phi-4 is at just
       | 14B. We've run it against the top 1000 most popular StackOverflow
       | questions and it came up 3rd beating out GPT-4 and Sonnet 3.5 in
       | our benchmarks, only behind DeepSeek v3 and WizardLM 8x22B [1].
       | We're using Mixtral 8x7B to grade the quality of the answers
       | which could explain how WizardLM (based on Mixtral 8x22B) took
       | 2nd Place.
       | 
       | Unfortunately I'm only getting 6 tok/s on NVidia A4000 so it's
       | still not great for real-time queries, but luckily now that it's
       | MIT licensed it's available on OpenRouter [2] for a great price
       | of $0.07/$0.14M at a fast 78 tok/s.
       | 
       | Because it yields better results and we're able to self-host
       | Phi-4 for free, we've replaced Mistral NeMo with it in our
       | default models for answering new questions [3].
       | 
       | [1] https://pvq.app/leaderboard
       | 
       | [2] https://openrouter.ai/microsoft/phi-4
       | 
       | [3] https://pvq.app/questions/ask
        
         | KTibow wrote:
         | Interesting eval but my first reaction is "using Mixtral as a
         | judge doesn't sound like a good idea". Have you tested how
         | different its results are from GPT-4 as a judge (on a small
         | scale) or how stuff like style and order can affect its
         | judgements?
         | 
         | Edit: they have a blog post https://pvq.app/posts/individual-
         | voting-comparison although it could go deeper
        
           | mythz wrote:
           | Yeah we evaluated several models for grading ~1 year ago and
           | concluded Mixtral was the best choice for us, as it was the
           | best model yielding the best results that we could self-host
           | and distribute the load of grading 1.2M+ answers over several
           | GPU Servers.
           | 
           | We would have liked to pick a neutral model like Gemini which
           | was fast, reliable and low cost, unfortunately it gave too
           | many poor answers good grades [1]. If we had to pick a new
           | grading model now, hopefully the much improved Gemini Flash
           | 2.0 might yield better results.
           | 
           | [1] https://pvq.app/posts/individual-voting-
           | comparison#gemini-pr...
        
             | KTibow wrote:
             | There are a lot of interesting options. Gemini 2 Flash
             | isn't ready yet (the current limits are 10 RPM and 1500
             | RPD) but it could definitely work. An alternative might be
             | using a fine tuned model - I've heard good things about
             | OpenAI fine tuning with even a few examples.
        
             | lolinder wrote:
             | Honestly, the fact that you used an LLM to grade the
             | answers at all is enough to make me discount your results
             | entirely. That it showed obvious preference to the model
             | with which it shares weights is just a symptom of the core
             | problem, which is that you had to pick a model to trust
             | before you even ran the benchmarks.
             | 
             | The only judges that matter at this stage are humans. Maybe
             | someday when we have models that humans agree are reliably
             | good you could use them to judge lesser-but-cheaper models.
        
               | mythz wrote:
               | The Mixtral grading model calculates the original
               | starting votes which can be further influenced by Users
               | voting on their preferred answer which affects the
               | leaderboard standings.
               | 
               | It should be noted that Mixtral 8x7B didn't grade its own
               | model very high at 11th, it's standout was grading
               | Microsoft's WizardLM2 model pretty high at #2. Although
               | it's not entirely without merit as at the time of release
               | it was Microsoft's most advanced model and the best
               | opensource LLM available [1]. Which we also found
               | generated great high quality answers which I'm surprised
               | it's not more used as it's only OpenRouter's 15th most
               | used model this month [2], although it's received very
               | little marketing behind it, essentially just an
               | announcement blog post.
               | 
               | Whilst nothing is perfect we're happy with the Grading
               | system as it's still able to identify good answers from
               | bad ones, good models from bad ones and which topics
               | models perform poorly on. Some of the grades are
               | surprising since we have prejudices on where models
               | should rank before the results are concluded, which is
               | also why it's important to have multiple independent
               | benchmarks, especially benchmarks that LLMs aren't
               | optimized for as I've often been disappointed by how some
               | models perform in practice vs how well they perform in
               | benchmarks.
               | 
               | Either way you can inspect the different answers from the
               | different models yourself by paging through the popular
               | questions [3]:
               | 
               | [1] https://wizardlm.github.io/WizardLM2/
               | 
               | [2] https://openrouter.ai/rankings?view=month
               | 
               | [3] https://pvq.app/questions
        
               | segmondy wrote:
               | Yup, I did an experiment a long time ago, where I wanted
               | best of 2. I had Wizard, Mistral & Llama. They would
               | generate responses and I would pass the response to all 3
               | models to vote. I would pass it in to a new prompt
               | without reference to previous prompt, 95%+ of the time,
               | they all voted for their own response even when it was
               | clear there was a better response. LLM as a judge is a
               | joke.
        
         | lhl wrote:
         | I tested Phi-4 with a Japanese functional test suite and it
         | scored much better than prior Phis (and comparable to much
         | larger models, basically in the top tier atm). [1]
         | 
         | The one red-flag w/ Phi-4 is that it's IFEval score is
         | relatively low. IFEval has specific types of constraints
         | (forbidden words, capitalization, etc) it tests for [2] but its
         | one area especially worth keeping an eye out for those testing
         | Phi-4 for themselves...
         | 
         | [1] https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/u/3/d/18n--
         | cIaVt49kOh-G...
         | 
         | [2] https://github.com/google-research/google-
         | research/blob/mast...
        
         | driverdan wrote:
         | IMO SO questions is not a good evaluation. These models were
         | likely trained on the top 1000 most popular StackOverflow
         | questions. You'd expect them to have similar results and
         | perform well when compared to the original answers.
        
         | solomatov wrote:
         | > but luckily now that it's MIT licensed it's available on
         | OpenRouter
         | 
         | Did it have a different license before? If so, why did they
         | change it?
        
       | crorella wrote:
       | It's odd that MS is releasing models they are competitors to OA.
       | This reinforce the idea that there is no real strategic advantage
       | in owning a model. I think the strategy is now offer cheap and
       | performant infra to run the models.
        
         | easton wrote:
         | I think they want/need a plan b in case OpenAI falls apart like
         | it almost did when Sam got fired.
        
         | PittleyDunkin wrote:
         | > It's odd that MS is releasing models they are competitors to
         | OA.
         | 
         | > I think the strategy is now offer cheap and performant infra
         | to run the models.
         | 
         | Is this not what microsoft is doing? What can microsoft
         | possibly lose by releasing a model?
        
           | lolinder wrote:
           | That's exactly what they're saying: it's interesting that
           | Microsoft came to the same conclusion that Meta did, that
           | models are generally not worth keeping locked down. It
           | suggests that OpenAI has a very fragile business model, given
           | that they're wholly dependent on large providers for the
           | infra, which is apparently the valuable part of the equation.
        
             | sumedh wrote:
             | > It suggests that OpenAI has a very fragile business model
             | 
             | That is the reason they are making products so that people
             | stay on the platform.
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | Their big risk there as I see it is that the market for
               | "I need an AI" is much much smaller than they thought it
               | would be. People don't generally need or want to pay for
               | "AI", they want to pay for solutions to specific
               | problems.
               | 
               | This means that in a world where AWS/Azure/GCP all
               | compete in the compute and the models themselves are
               | commodities, AI isn't a product, it's a feature of every
               | product. In that world, what is OpenAI doing besides
               | being an unnecessary middleman to Azure?
        
               | wongarsu wrote:
               | The ones at the forefront of the "I need an AI" hype are
               | selling agents, or tools that integrate in your email
               | workflow, or some other tool with AI in the name. OpenAI
               | is selling the shovels, the backend API those services
               | are using. AWS/Azure/GCP are selling factory space and
               | are providing blue-prints for shovels. Which is
               | compelling at scale, but if you are busy selling AI tools
               | to people who don't know better it's faster to just use
               | an API to whatever OpenAI offering is SOTA or close to
               | SOTA.
               | 
               | I'd agree there isn't much money in it. OpenAI should
               | probably milk the revenue they get now and make hay while
               | the sun is shining. But their apparent strategy is to bet
               | it all on finding another breakthrough similar to the
               | switch from text completion to a chat interface
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | Yeah, the problem with selling shovels where shovels=APIs
               | is that APIs cost almost nothing to replicate and are not
               | copyrightable. Tools like Ollama and LiteLLM already
               | offer APIs that are drop-in replacements for OpenAI.
               | 
               | OpenAI isn't losing yet because their models are still
               | marginally better and they have a lot of inertia, but
               | their API isn't going to save them.
               | 
               | > But their apparent strategy is to bet it all on finding
               | another breakthrough similar to the switch from text
               | completion to a chat interface
               | 
               | I'm still convinced that their strategy is to find an
               | exit ASAP and let Altman cash out. He's playing up AGI
               | because it's the only possible way that "AI" becomes a
               | product in its own right so investors need to hear that
               | that's the goal, but I think he knows full well it's not
               | in reach and he can only keep the con going so long. An
               | exit is the most profitable way out for him.
        
               | ta988 wrote:
               | They are the useful idiots that attracted the funding to
               | take the risks and make the technology emerge but didn't
               | have the right marketing and political power. They will
               | disappear as fast as they appeared. It is a common tale
               | in technologies, a lot of companies who invented and/or
               | developed something and did all the hard work just
               | couldn't compete when it got comoditized.
        
               | m3kw9 wrote:
               | OpenAI has infrastructure and a product around serving to
               | people plus they have SOTA models. Joe blow can't just
               | take a Qwen or whatever and start making money at scale
        
             | krick wrote:
             | To be fair, OpenAI's products are not really models, they
             | are... products. So it's debatable if they really do have
             | anything special.
             | 
             | I don't really think they do, because to me it seemed
             | pretty much since GPT-1, that having callbacks to run
             | python and query google, having "inner dialog" before
             | summarizing an answer and a dozen more simple improvements
             | like this are quite obvious things to do, that nobody just
             | actually implemented (yet). And if some of them are not
             | obvious per se, they are pretty obvious in the hindsight.
             | But, yeah, it's debatable.
             | 
             | I must admit though, that I doubt that this obvious
             | weakness is not obvious to the stakeholders. I have no idea
             | what the plan is, maybe what they gonna have that Anthropic
             | doesn't is gonna be a nuclear reactor. Like, honestly, all
             | we are pretending to be forward-thinking analysts here, but
             | in reality I couldn't figure out that Musk's "investment"
             | into Twitter is literally politics at the time of it
             | happening. Even though I was sure there is some plan, I
             | couldn't say what it is, and I don't remember anybody in
             | these threads expressing clearly enough what is quite
             | obvious in the hindsight. Neither did all these people like
             | Matt Levine, who are actually paid for their shitposting: I
             | mostly remember them making fun of Musk "doing stupid stuff
             | and finding out" and calling it a "toy".
        
               | bongodongobob wrote:
               | What product? A chat window? I'm not trying to be rude
               | btw, but if the product isn't the LLM itself, that's all
               | they have.
        
               | blackqueeriroh wrote:
               | Interesting, so apparently UI and UX and responsiveness
               | and polish all don't matter for products? We can just
               | ship shittily drawn interfaces now?
        
               | solarkraft wrote:
               | They aren't _that_ good. It's mostly well rounded now,
               | but on nacOS it's often impossible to select parts of
               | code sections.
        
               | mistercheph wrote:
               | That's not just on macOS, and I'm pretty sure that's a
               | deliberate dark pattern to prevent users from taking
               | their query to claude or gemini after gpt shits the bed.
        
               | kaonwarb wrote:
               | I regularly use several features within ChatGPT that are
               | well beyond a chat window. Advanced Voice, DALL-E
               | integration, Projects, and GPTs (mostly a couple private
               | ones I created for my own use). There are other features
               | that I don't use, like Canvas. Perhaps the sum of these
               | still isn't an impressive product in your eyes, but it's
               | surely more than just a chat window.
        
               | PittleyDunkin wrote:
               | > To be fair, OpenAI's products are not really models,
               | they are... products
               | 
               | What's the distinction? What kind of functionality do
               | they offer that other models don't?
        
               | szundi wrote:
               | ChatGPT.com does much more than for example
               | Llama3.2-vision. It can search the web automatically,
               | write code and run it just to answer you, much more
               | agency.
        
               | brookst wrote:
               | A model is an ingredient in an AI product. The product
               | includes the UI, tools / RAG, apps on various platforms,
               | system prompts and personality, and so on.
               | 
               | Lots of products have been successful without a technical
               | moat. Facebook has network effects, Apple has UX (though
               | silicon has become a technical advantage if not moat),
               | Adobe has "everyone knows how to use these tools"
               | switching costs, Google has brand synonymous with search.
               | 
               | Companies are betting that models will be commodities but
               | AI products will be sticky.
        
             | kyriakos wrote:
             | I use OpenAI not just because it has decent models that
             | work decently by default but because I don't need to care
             | on how to setup a model on a cloud provider and their API
             | is straight forward. They are quite affordable too (e.g.
             | TTS is one of the cheapest I found for its quality)
             | 
             | I could switch to a different provider if I needed to maybe
             | with cheaper pricing or better models but that doesn't mean
             | OpenAI doesn't offer a "product".
        
             | miki123211 wrote:
             | Open AI is the only company that really matters in the
             | consumer conversational AI space.
             | 
             | Their unique value-adds are the Chat GPT brand, being the
             | "default destination" when people want AI, as well as all
             | the "extra features" they add on top of raw LLMs, like the
             | ability to do internet searches, recall facts about you
             | from previous conversations, present data in a nice,
             | interactive way by writing a react app, call down to Python
             | or Wolfram Alpha for arithmetic etc.
             | 
             | I wouldn't be surprised if they eventually stop developing
             | their own models and start using the best ones available at
             | any given time.
        
               | blharr wrote:
               | I mean they have name recognition and a userbase, but
               | they're hardly the best at doing any of those features.
               | 
               | Default destination for many is still just Google, and
               | they've added AI to their searches. AI chat boxes are
               | shoehorned into a ton of applications and at the end of
               | the day it'll go to the most accessible one for people.
               | This is why AI in Windows or in your Web Browser or on
               | your phone is a huge goal.
               | 
               | As far as extra features, chat GPT is a good default, but
               | they're severely lacking compared to most other solutions
               | out there.
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | > in the consumer conversational AI space.
               | 
               | The "consumer conversational AI space" only exists right
               | now as a novelty, not a long-term market segment. In the
               | not too distant future that space will be covered for
               | most users for free by their hardware manufacturers, and
               | the number of people willing to pay a monthly
               | subscription to a third party will drop even further than
               | it already has.
        
               | potatoman22 wrote:
               | I think it will be at least a few years until your
               | average Joe can run a speech to speech model on their
               | phone.
        
           | m3kw9 wrote:
           | They are releasing non sota models.
        
         | mlepath wrote:
         | > This reinforce the idea that there is no real strategic
         | advantage in owning a model
         | 
         | For these models probably no. But for proprietary things that
         | are mission critical and purpose-built (think Adobe Creative
         | Suite) the calculus is very different.
         | 
         | MS, Google, Amazon all win from infra for open source models. I
         | have no idea what game Meta is playing
        
           | chefandy wrote:
           | > I have no idea what game Meta is playing
           | 
           | Based on their business moves in recent history, I'd guess
           | most of them are playing Farmville.
        
             | emidoots wrote:
             | Meta's entire business model is to own users and their
             | content.
             | 
             | Whether it be Facebook, Instagram, Threads, Messenger,
             | WhatsApp, etc. their focus is to acquire users, keep them
             | in their platforms, and own their content - because /human
             | attention is fundamentally valuable/.
             | 
             | Meta owns 40% of the most popular social media platforms
             | today, but their attention economies face great threats:
             | YouTube, TikTok, Telegram, WeChat, and many more threaten
             | to unseat them every year.
             | 
             | Most importantly, the quality of content on these platforms
             | greatly influences their popularity. If Meta can accelerate
             | AI development in all forms, then it means the content
             | quality across all apps/platforms can be equalized - video
             | on YouTube or TikTok will be no more high quality than on
             | Facebook or Instagram. Messages on Threads will be no more
             | engaging than that on Twitter. Their recent experiments
             | with AI generated profiles[0] signals this is the case.
             | 
             | Once content quality - and luring creators to your platform
             | - are neutralized as business challenges that affect end
             | users lurking on the platform and how effectively they can
             | be retained, then it becomes easier for Meta to retain any
             | user that enters their platforms and gain an effective
             | attention monopoly without needing to continue to buy apps
             | that could otherwise succeed theirs.
             | 
             | And so, it is in their benefit to give away their models
             | 'for free', 'speed up' the industry's development efforts
             | in general, de-risk other companies surpassing their
             | efforts, etc.
             | 
             | [0] https://thebaynet.com/meta-faces-backlash-over-ai-
             | generated-...
        
               | chefandy wrote:
               | Word. I was mostly just making a joke about FarmVille--
               | the classic engagement-vampire facebook game.
        
               | miki123211 wrote:
               | Or, to put it another way:
               | 
               | Meta makes money from ads. To make more money, they
               | either need to capture more of their users' time and show
               | more ads, or show better ads that users click more
               | often.Meta is betting on AI models making it easier to do
               | both.
               | 
               | Better generative AI means you can make more ads faster,
               | which means there are more ad variants to a/b test
               | across, which means it's easier to find an ad that users
               | will click.
               | 
               | To make users stay on their platforms, Meta figures out
               | what content will keep them there, and then shows them
               | that content. Before gen AI, they were only able to show
               | existing content from real users, but sometimes the
               | "ideal" thing for you hasn't been created yet. They bet
               | on the fact that they'll be able to use AI to create
               | hyper-personalized content for their users that engages
               | them better than human-made content.
        
               | angoragoats wrote:
               | Can you explain how development of better generative AI
               | (which I assume is what you mean when you say AI) will
               | mean that "content quality across all apps/platforms can
               | be equalized"? Unless you mean the content quality will
               | go to shit equally everywhere (as it did in their AI
               | profile experiment) I'm not sure I understand what you're
               | saying.
        
               | timrogers wrote:
               | Meta's definition of quality is not the same as your
               | definition of quality. For them, quality is (within
               | reason) what drives "engagement" (aka time spent in their
               | apps).
               | 
               | It might be that many people's aesthetic sensibility is
               | that AI-generated content is slop, but I'd still bet that
               | tailored-perfectly-to-you content (and ads) will be
               | highly engaging
        
           | potatoman22 wrote:
           | > I have no idea what game Meta is playing
           | 
           | I think they're commoditizing their complement [1]. Engaging
           | content helps Meta, and LLMs make it easier to create that
           | content. Their business model has never been selling API
           | access and releasing the model enables the community to
           | improve it for them.
           | 
           | [1] https://gwern.net/complement
        
         | buyucu wrote:
         | According to many press stories in the past year, the
         | relationship between Microsoft and OpenAI has been very
         | strained. It looks more and more like that both sides are
         | looking for opportunity to jump ship.
         | 
         | This is a very clever move by Microsoft. OpenAI has no
         | technological moat and a very unreliable partner.
        
         | naasking wrote:
         | > This reinforce the idea that there is no real strategic
         | advantage in owning a model.
         | 
         | Yes, because you can't build a moat. Open source will very
         | quickly catch up.
        
       | hbcondo714 wrote:
       | FWIW, Phi-4 was converted to Ollama by the community last month:
       | 
       | https://ollama.com/vanilj/Phi-4
        
         | smallerize wrote:
         | And adopted unsloth's bug fixes a few days ago.
         | https://ollama.com/vanilj/phi-4-unsloth
        
           | summarity wrote:
           | The template doesn't match Unsloth's recommendation:
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42662106
        
         | Patrick_Devine wrote:
         | We ended up not publishing it as a library model just because
         | it was leaked and not the official weights.
        
       | sgk284 wrote:
       | Over the holidays, we published a post[1] on using high-precision
       | few-shot examples to get `gpt-4o-mini` to perform similar to
       | `gpt-4o`. I just re-ran that same experiment, but swapped out
       | `gpt-4o-mini` with `phi-4`.
       | 
       | `phi-4` really blew me away in terms of learning from few-shots.
       | It measured as being 97% consistent with `gpt-4o` when using
       | high-precision few-shots! Without the few-shots, it was only 37%.
       | That's a huge improvement!
       | 
       | By contrast, with few-shots it performs as well as `gpt-4o-mini`
       | (though `gpt-4o-mini`'s baseline without few-shots was 59% -
       | quite a bit higher than `phi-4`'s).
       | 
       | [1] https://bits.logic.inc/p/getting-gpt-4o-mini-to-perform-like
        
         | yard2010 wrote:
         | This is really nice. I loved the detailed process and I'm
         | definitely gonna use it. One nit though: I didn't understand
         | what the graphs mean, maybe you should add the axes names.
        
           | sgk284 wrote:
           | Thanks! Great suggestion for improving the graphs - I just
           | updated the post with axis labels.
        
         | vincent_s wrote:
         | Have you also tried using the large model as FSKD model?
        
           | sgk284 wrote:
           | We have, and it works great! We currently do this in
           | production, though we use it to help us optimize for
           | _consistency_ between task executions (vs the linked post,
           | which is about improving the _capabilities_ of a model).
           | 
           | Phrased differently, when a task has many valid and correct
           | conclusions, this technique allows the LLM to see "How did I
           | do similar tasks before?" and it'll tend to solve new tasks
           | by making similar decisions it made for previous similar
           | tasks.
           | 
           | Two things to note:                   - You'll typically
           | still want to have some small epsilon where you choose to run
           | the task without few-shots. This will help prevent mistakes
           | from propagating forward indefinitely.              - You can
           | have humans correct historical examples, and use their
           | feedback to improve the large model dynamically in real-time.
           | This is basically FSKD where the human is the "large model"
           | and the large foundation model is the "small model".
        
         | lmeyerov wrote:
         | I like the direction, but have a pretty different experience in
         | practice. This spans legal analytics, social media analytics,
         | code synthesis, news analysis, cyber security LLMs, etc:
         | 
         | 1. The only ultimate absolute quality metric I saw in that
         | blogpost afaict was expert agreement... at 90%. All of our
         | customers would fire us at that level across all of the diff
         | b2b domains we work in. I'm surprised 90% is considered
         | acceptable quality in a paying business context like retail.
         | 
         | 2. Gpt-4o-mini _is_ great. I find we can get, for these kind of
         | simple tasks you describe, gpt-4o-mini to achieve about 95-98%
         | agreement with gpt-4o by iteratively manually improving prompts
         | over increasingly large synthetic evals. Given data and a good
         | dev, we do this basically same-day for a lot of simple tasks,
         | which is astounding.
         | 
         | I do expect automatic prompt optimizers to win here long-term,
         | and keep hopefully revisiting dspy et al. For now, they fail
         | over standard prompt engineering. Likewise, I do believe in
         | example learning over time for areas like personalization....
         | but doing semantic search recall of high-rated answers was a V1
         | thing we had to rethink due to too many issues.
        
           | sgk284 wrote:
           | re: 90% - this particular case is a fairly subjective and
           | creative task, where humans (and the LLM) are asked to follow
           | a 22 page SOP. They've had a team of humans doing the task
           | for 9 years, with exceptionally high variance in performance.
           | The blended performance of the human team is meaningfully
           | below this 90% threshold (~76%) - which speaks to the
           | difficulty of the task.
           | 
           | It's, admittedly, a tough task to measure objectively though,
           | in that it's like a code review. If a Principal Engineer
           | pointed out 20 deficiencies in a code change and another
           | Principal Engineer pointed out 18 of the same 20 things, but
           | also pointed out 3 other things that the first reviewer
           | didn't, it doesn't necessarily mean either review is wrong -
           | they just meaningfully deviate from each other.
           | 
           | In this case, we chose an expert that we treat as an
           | objective "source of truth".
           | 
           | re: simple tasks - We run hundreds of thousands of tasks
           | every month with more-or-less deterministic behavior (in
           | that, we'll reliably do it correctly a million out of a
           | million times). We chose a particularly challenging task for
           | the case-study though.
           | 
           | re: in a paying business context - FWIW, most industries are
           | filled with humans doing tasks where the rate of perfection
           | is far below 90%.
        
             | lmeyerov wrote:
             | I'm more confused now. If this is a tough and high-value
             | task, we would not use gpt-4o-mini on its own, eg, add more
             | steps like a verifier & retry, or just do gpt-4o to begin
             | with, and would more seriously consider fine-tuning in
             | addition to the prompt engineering. The blog argued against
             | that, but maybe I read too quickly.
             | 
             | And agreed, people expect $ they invest into computer
             | systems to do much better than their bad & avg employees.
             | AI systems get the added challenge where they must do ~100%
             | on what non-AI rules would catch ("why are you using AI?")
             | + extra lift from AI ("what did this add?"). We generally
             | get evaluated on matching experts (low bar), and exceeding
             | them (high bar). Comparing to average staff is,
             | frustratingly, a breakout.
             | 
             | Each scenario is different obviously..
        
               | zitterbewegung wrote:
               | I feel like LLMs are going to be a skill to have similar
               | to the ability to google or type since it can get good
               | answers pretty well but bad answers when you don't know
               | the subject manner.
        
               | lmeyerov wrote:
               | Agreed, and that's where teams like the OP come in
               | 
               | OpenAI does great at training for general tasks, and we
               | should not be disappointed when specialized tasks fail.
               | Interestingly, openai advertises increasingly many
               | subjects they are special casing like math, code, & law,
               | and so holding them to standards is fair there IMO.
               | 
               | For specialized contexts openai doesn't eval on, these
               | merit hiring consultants / product to add the last-mile
               | LLM data & tuning for the specific task. And at least in
               | my experience, people paying money for AI experts & tech
               | expect expert-level performance to be met, and
               | ultimately, exceeded..
        
           | potatoman22 wrote:
           | What's your loop for prompt engineering with GPT-4o? Do you
           | feed the meta-prompter the misclassified examples? Also does
           | the evaluation drive the synthetic data production almost
           | like boosting?
        
             | lmeyerov wrote:
             | 'it varies' b/c we do everything from an interactive
             | analytics chat agent (loiue.ai UI) to data-intensive
             | continuous-monitoring (louie.ai pipelines) to one-off
             | customer assists like $B court cases
             | 
             | 1. Common themes in our development-time loop:
             | 
             | * We don't do synthetic data. We do real data or anonymized
             | data. When we lack data, we go and get some. That may mean
             | paying people, doing it ourselves, setting up simulation
             | environments, etc.
             | 
             | * We start with synthetic judges, esp for scale tasks that
             | are simple and thus considering smaller models like
             | gpt-4o-mini (the topic here). Before we worry about expert
             | agreement, we worry about gpt-4o agreement, and make evals
             | that cover concerns like sample size and class imbalance...
             | 
             | * ... When the task is high value, e.g., tied closely to a
             | paying customer deliverable or core product workflow, we
             | invest more on expert evals, making calls like on how many
             | experts and of what caliber. Informally, we've learned
             | multiple of our teammates, despite good at what they do,
             | can be lousy experts, while others are known for precision,
             | even if not data people (ex: our field staff can be
             | great!). Likewise, we hire subject matter experts as full-
             | timers (ex: former europol/fbi equivs!), source as
             | contractors, and, partner with our customers here.
             | 
             | * After a year+ of prompt engineering with different tasks,
             | models, data, and prompt styles, there's a lot of rote
             | tricks & standard practices we know. Most are 'static' --
             | you can audit a prompt for gotchas & top examples to fill
             | in -- and a smaller number are like in the OP's suggestion
             | of dynamic prompts where we include elements like RAG.
             | 
             | On the last point, it seems incredibly automatable, so I
             | keep trying tools. I've found automatic prompt optimizers
             | like dspy to be disappointing in being unable to match what
             | our prompt engineers can do here: they did not do better
             | then prompts we wrote as experts with bare bones iteration,
             | and leaning into the tools failed to get noticeable lift. I
             | don't think this is inherent, just they're probably
             | eval'ing against people we would consider trainees. Ex: I
             | see what stanford medical fellows+phds are doing for their
             | genai publications, and they would probably benefit from
             | dspy if it was easier, but again, we would classify them as
             | 'interns' wrt the quality of prompt engineering I see them
             | doing behind-the-scenes. I'm optimistic that by 2026, tools
             | here will be useful for skilled AI engineers too, just
             | they're not there yet.
             | 
             | 2. It's a lot more murky when we get into online+active
             | learning loops for LLMs & agentic pipelines.
             | 
             | E.g., louie.ai works with live operational databases, where
             | there is a lot wrt people + systems you can learn from, and
             | issues like databases changing, differences in role &
             | expertise, data privacy, adverserial data, and even the
             | workflows change. Another area we deal with is data streams
             | where the physical realities they're working with changes
             | (questions+answers about logs, news, social, etc).
             | 
             | IMO these are a lot harder and one of the areas a lot of
             | our 2025 energy is going. Conversely, 'automatic prompt
             | engineering' seems like something PhDs can make big strides
             | in a vacuum...
        
               | potatoman22 wrote:
               | Thanks! I love your focus on evaluation, it's missing in
               | a lot of LLM products. I worked in the medical field and
               | we valued model validation with similar importance. Our
               | processes sound similar, too. One difference is that our
               | customers still saw utility in models with much lower F1
               | than 90%. Rare events are hard to predict.
        
         | nothrowaways wrote:
         | Nice blog
        
       | raybb wrote:
       | I was going to ask if this or other Ollama models support
       | structured output (like JSON).
       | 
       | Then a quick search revealed you can as of a free weeks ago
       | 
       | https://ollama.com/blog/structured-outputs
        
         | porker wrote:
         | For structured output from anywhere I'm finding
         | https://github.com/BoundaryML/baml good. It's more accurate
         | than gpt-04-mini will do on its own, and any of the other JSON
         | schema approaches I've tried.
        
         | svachalek wrote:
         | Yeah it's not as strong as constrained beam search like OpenAI
         | uses (at least afaik) but it works on any models that support
         | tool calling. Just keep it simple, don't have a lot of deep
         | nested structures or complicated rules.
         | 
         | Lots of other models will work nearly as well though if you
         | just give them a clear schema to follow and ask them to output
         | json only, then parse it yourself. Like I've been using
         | gemma2:9b to analyze text and output a json structure and it's
         | nearly 100% reliable despite it being a tiny model and not
         | supporting tools or structured output officially.
        
       | v3ss0n wrote:
       | Translation, Phi-4 available on llmacpp
        
       | t0lo wrote:
       | Is anyone blown away by how fast we got to running something this
       | powerful locally? I know it's easy to get burnt out on llms but
       | this is pretty incredible.
       | 
       | I genuinely think we're only 2 years away from full custom local
       | voice to voice llm assistants that grow with you like JOI in
       | BR2049 and it's going to change how we think about being human
       | and being social, and how we grow up.
        
         | simonw wrote:
         | It's incredible.
         | 
         | I've been experimenting with running local LLMs for nearly two
         | years now, ever since the first LLaMA release back in March
         | 2023.
         | 
         | About six months ago I had mostly lost interest in them. They
         | were fun to play around with but the quality difference between
         | the ones I could run on my MacBook and the ones I could access
         | via an online API felt insurmountable.
         | 
         | This has completely changed in the second half of 2024. The
         | models I can run locally had a leap in quality - they feel
         | genuinely GPT-4 class now.
         | 
         | They're not as good as the best hosted models (GPT-4o, Gemini
         | 1.5 Pro, Claude 3.5 Sonnet) but they're definitely good enough
         | to be extremely useful.
         | 
         | This started with the Qwen 2 and 2.5 series, but I also rate
         | Llama 3.3 70B and now Phi-4 as GPT-4 class models that run on
         | my laptop.
         | 
         | I wrote more about this here:
         | https://simonwillison.net/2024/Dec/31/llms-in-2024/#some-of-...
        
           | t0lo wrote:
           | I'm in complete agreement with your more recent timeline
           | piece (the negative one), and as a younger user (22 year old
           | student) I'm actively relocating this year to somewhere
           | slightly more rural with a focus on physical/knowledge
           | combined work to secure a good quality of life nearly solely
           | because of how fast our timelines are.
           | 
           | A 'word calculator' this effective is the best substitute
           | that we have for a logic calculator. And the fact that it's
           | enough in 90% of situations is terrifying as it is
           | transformative, as is the fact no one is awake to it.
           | 
           | Exponential power scaling in an unstable world feels like it
           | only makes it exponentially more unstable though.
        
             | simonw wrote:
             | I should emphasize that I really don't think the dystopian
             | version of this is likely to happen - the one where
             | "AGI/ASI" puts every human out of work and society
             | collapses.
             | 
             | Human beings have agency, and we are very good at rolling
             | with the punches. We've survived waves of automation for
             | hundreds of years. I'm much more confident that we will
             | continue to find ways to use these things as tools that
             | elevate us, not replace us.
             | 
             | I really hope the dystopian version doesn't come to pass!
        
               | actsasbuffoon wrote:
               | I'm on the opposite end of the spectrum. I'm almost
               | certain that this is going to end extremely badly for the
               | majority of humanity, and for programmers in particular.
               | 
               | I think there's a less than 5% chance that this goes
               | well, and that's only if we get a series of things to go
               | extremely well. And frankly, we're tracking along the
               | extremely bad path so far.
        
               | imiric wrote:
               | > We've survived waves of automation for hundreds of
               | years. I'm much more confident that we will continue to
               | find ways to use these things as tools that elevate us,
               | not replace us.
               | 
               | The difference with past technological breakthroughs is
               | that they augmented what humans could do, but didn't have
               | the potential to replace human labor altogether as AI
               | does. They were disruptive, but humans were able to adapt
               | to new career paths as they became available.
               | Lamplighters were replaced by electrical lighting, but
               | that created jobs for electrical engineers. Carriage
               | drivers were replaced by car drivers; human computers by
               | programmers, and so on.
               | 
               | The invention of AI is a tipping point for technology.
               | The only jobs where human labor will be valued over
               | machine labor are those that machines are not good at
               | yet, and those where human creativity is a key component.
               | And the doors are quickly closing on both of those as
               | well.
               | 
               | Realistically, the only jobs that will have some form of
               | longevity (~20 years?) are those of humans that build and
               | program AI machines. But eventually even those will be
               | better accomplished by other AI machines.
               | 
               | So, I'm really curious why you see AI as the same kind of
               | technology we've invented before, and why you're so
               | confident that humanity will be able to overcome the key
               | existential problems AI introduces, which we haven't even
               | begun to address. I don't see myself as a pessimist, but
               | can't help noticing that we're careening towards a future
               | we're not prepared to handle.
        
               | liamwire wrote:
               | You truly believe we're on a timeline that involves the
               | replacement of anaesthesiologists, emergency medicine
               | physicians, trauma surgeons, and so on, within a 20 year
               | timeframe? AI progress in the last few years has been
               | astounding, but the gaps between where we are and a true
               | all-human-labour-is-inferior scenario is almost
               | unfathomable.
        
               | imiric wrote:
               | I could be wrong on the timeline. But are we not moving
               | towards a future where even those professions are
               | replaced by AI? The current wave of ML might not be the
               | one to get us there, but there is an unprecedented level
               | of interest and resources working to make that a reality.
               | Regardless if they succeed or not, there is still a
               | mountain of societal problems we need to address with
               | even the current generation of this technology.
               | 
               | But my main argument is against the notion that this
               | technology is the same as the ones that came before it,
               | and that it will undoubtedly lead to a net better future.
               | I think that is far from certain, and the way things are
               | developing only leads me to believe that we're not ready
               | for what we're building.
        
               | throw234234234 wrote:
               | As many forums say, with other tech inventions they
               | replaced the horse not the rider. With AI; they are
               | replacing the rider - that makes it a unique technology
               | that does not compare to previous technology being
               | introduced. Other forms of technology typically enabled
               | use cases which didn't seem possible (e.g. electricity,
               | cooking food faster, flying, etc) - this one at present
               | is just about making existing cases more
               | efficient/removing the need for labor. As many non-
               | techies mention - other than doing my
               | assignment/email/etc what benefit does it have on my
               | daily life other than threaten some jobs and generate
               | some worthless online content?
               | 
               | The cost/benefit for the labor/middle/low classes is at
               | best low right now. I define that as someone who needs to
               | trade time to continue surviving as an ongoing concern
               | even if they have some wealth behind them.
               | 
               | I think the outcome where any form of meritocratic
               | society gives way to old fashioned resource acquisition
               | based societies is definitely one believable outcome.
               | Warfare, land and resource ownership - the old will
               | become the new again.
        
         | SamPatt wrote:
         | Yes, and for image and video generation too.
         | 
         | Hunyuan (open source video) has been remarkable. Flux dev makes
         | some incredible images.
         | 
         | The fact that it's still only going to get better from here is
         | hard to imagine.
        
         | api wrote:
         | I've thought for a while that Joi in BR2049 was less dystopian
         | than what we will probably do with AI. She doesn't constantly
         | prompt K to buy more credits (like a mobile game) to continue
         | engaging with her or deepen their relationship. ("If you really
         | love me...") I've been expecting that this is how our industry
         | would operate given the customer hostile psychologically
         | abusive hellscape of social and mobile. Of course there's still
         | time.
         | 
         | She appears to be a local model runnable on a small device
         | without cloud.
        
           | brookst wrote:
           | I expect AI to be like any other tech: some fantastic uses
           | that advance humanity and improve the world, some terrible
           | uses that abuse, manipulate, oppress.
           | 
           | I don't see anything in the tech that indicates a singular
           | pattern that will be "good" or "bad".
        
             | ericrosedev wrote:
             | The enshitification trend seems pretty dominant, and pretty
             | bad for users / good for investors
        
         | cloudking wrote:
         | Not related to local LLMs, but JOI from BR2049 is essentially
         | what Replika is striving for: https://replika.com/
         | 
         | Infact during the onboarding process they ask the user to
         | choose which AI companion movie they related to the most: Her,
         | BR2049 or Ex-Machina. The experience is then tailored to align
         | closer to the movie chosen.
         | 
         | It's quite a terrible app from a product design perspective:
         | filled with dark patterns (like sending the user blurred images
         | to "unlock*) and upsells, but it's become successful amongst
         | the masses that have adopted it, which I find fascinating. 30m+
         | users https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Replika#:~:text=Replika%20b
         | eca....
        
         | mark_l_watson wrote:
         | I am blown away: a year ago I bought a M2 32G Mac to run local
         | models. It seems like what I can run locally now just one year
         | later is 10x more useful for NLP, data wrangling, RAG,
         | experimenting with agents, etc.
         | 
         | BTW, a few days ago I published a book on using Ollama. Here is
         | a link to read it online https://leanpub.com/ollama/read
        
           | hn8726 wrote:
           | Which models do you recommend for that amount of memory?
        
             | rpastuszak wrote:
             | I asked the same question a few days back and I'm keeping
             | the responses here:
             | https://bsky.app/profile/potato.horse/post/3lejngewfmc2n
        
         | yeahwhatever10 wrote:
         | How can a model "grow with you"? Do current models do this
         | other than adding the full conversation to the context window?
        
       | summarity wrote:
       | Does it include the unsloth fixes yet?
        
       | buyucu wrote:
       | I have unfortunately been disappointed with the llama.cpp/ollama
       | ecosystem of late, and thinking about moving my things to vllm
       | instead.
       | 
       | llama.cpp basically dropped support for multimodal visual models.
       | ollama still does support them, but only a handful. Also ollama
       | still does not support vulkan eventhough llama.cpp had vulkan
       | support for a long long time now.
       | 
       | This has been very sad to watch. I'm more and more convinced that
       | vllm is the way to go, not ollama.
        
         | jacooper wrote:
         | But can you run llms that easily with vllm? do you have to
         | fiddle with formats to get it to run?
        
           | buyucu wrote:
           | I'm still in early stages of exploration, but vllm seems to
           | be compatible with most models on huggingface.
        
         | mistercheph wrote:
         | Ollama maintainers seem a bit burned out
        
       | k__ wrote:
       | _" built upon a blend of synthetic datasets, data from filtered
       | public domain websites, and acquired academic books and Q&A
       | datasets"_
       | 
       | Does this mean the model was trained without copyright
       | infringements?
        
         | redcobra762 wrote:
         | This is a presumptive question, as training AI models may fall
         | under fair use.
        
       | dartos wrote:
       | Does this include some of the config fixes that the sloth guys
       | pointed out?
        
       | ionwake wrote:
       | Can this run on a macbook m1? What is the performance like? Or
       | would I need an m3? Thanks
        
         | svachalek wrote:
         | Yeah as long as it has 16GB+ RAM. I've got a newer cpu and it's
         | very fast, so I expect on an M1 it would be at least bearable.
        
       | kuatroka wrote:
       | I've pulled and ran it. It launches fine, but when I actually ask
       | it anything I constantly get just a blank line. Does anyone else
       | experience this?
        
         | OJFord wrote:
         | I would guess on your hardware you're getting <1 token/time-
         | you've-bothered-waiting?
        
           | kuatroka wrote:
           | not sure what it means. I've got macbook pro M1 Max with
           | 64Gb. Any other model runs perfectly fine. Only Phi4 blanks
           | on me
        
       | mettamage wrote:
       | How come models can be so small now? I don't know a lot about AI,
       | but is there an ELI5 for a software engineer that knows a _bit_
       | about AI?
       | 
       | For context: I've made some simple neural nets with backprop. I
       | read [1].
       | 
       | [1] http://neuralnetworksanddeeplearning.com/
        
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