[HN Gopher] Show HN: LA Wildfire Satellite Analysis
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Show HN: LA Wildfire Satellite Analysis
        
       Author : xingyzt
       Score  : 107 points
       Date   : 2025-01-09 04:08 UTC (18 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (github.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (github.com)
        
       | giancarlostoro wrote:
       | I really don't understand why something that is presumed
       | preventable with little investment is allowed to continue
       | happening. What's worse is the water shortage is what I don't
       | understand. It's a state literally bordering the ocean.
       | 
       | That graph is impressive, and really shocking how much land these
       | fires are just taking.
        
         | block_dagger wrote:
         | Wildfires in California date back millions of years and are a
         | natural part of the region's ecology. The difference in recent
         | centuries has been dense human habitation. I think your
         | statement about presumed prevention is inaccurate or
         | misleading.
        
           | 7e wrote:
           | Another difference is a steady increase in the world
           | temperature due to climate change.
        
             | the_third_wave wrote:
             | That is nonsense, the climate has been changing all the
             | time without the place burning down to the roots when it
             | happened to be a bit warmer or not burning at all when it
             | was cooler. These fires have nothing to do with 'climate
             | change', they are caused by the lack of controlled burning
             | which leads to an accumulation of combustible material on
             | the forest floor. Once a fire starts - and fires start all
             | the time, both from natural (lightning etc.) as well as
             | man-made (PG&E cables, careless campers, smokers,
             | fireworks, arson, etc.) causes - they quickly bloom into
             | massive conflagrations due to the presence of all that
             | combustible material. Increased habitation makes these
             | massive fires more costly since fire consumes a McMansion
             | just as readily as it does a Pacific pine.
        
               | polotics wrote:
               | You wrote "the climate has been changing all the time" It
               | must have taken you so much effort and thinking to come
               | up with such an illuminating, novel, and profound
               | assertion.
               | 
               | Here is something of that ilk:
               | 
               | The statement "the climate has been changing all the
               | time" is often used to downplay the significance of
               | current climate change. While it's true that Earth's
               | climate has undergone natural changes throughout its
               | history, the current warming trend is different for
               | several reasons:
               | 
               | Rate of Change: The current rate of warming is
               | unprecedented in the past several thousand years. Natural
               | climate fluctuations typically occur over much longer
               | timescales, allowing ecosystems and species to adapt
               | gradually. The rapid pace of current change is making it
               | difficult for many species to keep up, leading to
               | disruptions in ecosystems and biodiversity loss.
               | 
               | Cause of Change: While past climate change events were
               | triggered by natural factors like volcanic eruptions or
               | solar variations, the current warming trend is primarily
               | driven by human activities, particularly the burning of
               | fossil fuels. This has led to a significant increase in
               | greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, trapping
               | heat and warming the planet.
               | 
               | Magnitude of Change: The projected magnitude of future
               | warming, if left unchecked, is likely to exceed the
               | changes experienced during the past several million
               | years. This could have severe consequences for human
               | societies and natural ecosystems, including rising sea
               | levels, more frequent and intense extreme weather events,
               | and widespread species extinctions.
               | 
               | Evidence: The overwhelming scientific consensus supports
               | the conclusion that human activities are the primary
               | cause of current climate change. This is based on a vast
               | body of evidence from multiple independent lines of
               | research, including temperature records, ice core data,
               | and climate models.
               | 
               | In summary, while the Earth's climate has naturally
               | changed over long periods, the current warming trend is
               | distinct in its rate, cause, magnitude, and supporting
               | evidence. It is crucial to recognize the unique nature of
               | human-induced climate change and take action to mitigate
               | its impacts.
        
               | vixen99 wrote:
               | Your comment comes across as markedly authoritative. Are
               | you a climate scientist with first hand knowledge? You
               | appear to be repeating what we all read in countless
               | reports almost daily from innumerable organizations and
               | have done over the past few years. I'm pretty sure like
               | many here I could probably offer an impromptu talk like
               | this at the drop of a hat, covering the same points.
               | 
               | I do wonder why we accept the reports from a number of
               | rather distinguished climatologists and physicists who do
               | not accept this 'scientific consensus'. Given the very
               | significant swathe of the public who are convinced by the
               | latter, why isn't this academic divide finally put to
               | rest and the skeptics shown to be demonstrably wrong in
               | their selection of data and their interpretations? It
               | does not seem to happen. Why not? If this is an
               | existential crisis I would have thought that such public
               | debates at a very high level by extremely well-informed
               | experts are well overdue. Yes, some occur but they are
               | never definitive?
               | 
               | "Current surveys may underestimate climate change
               | skepticism evidence from list experiments in Germany and
               | the USA"
               | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8262789/
        
               | edmundsauto wrote:
               | I do agree, the experts could do a better job of
               | communicating to the parts of the public who may not
               | understand the scientific consensus. But there is a broad
               | swath of people who will reject any information, because
               | it's already been politicized to death. (Why this is
               | political I can't tell you)
               | 
               | But the public reception doesn't really tell us much
               | about the strength of the conclusions. For which there is
               | overwhelming consensus, very clear mechanisms of action,
               | and pretty straightforward directional signal.
               | 
               | Are you questioning the comms or the consensus? I'm not
               | clear from your response.
        
               | polotics wrote:
               | Hello vixen99
               | 
               | You wrote "You appear to be repeating what we all blah
               | blah" and guess what, the poster I responded to started
               | it :-)
               | 
               | A weak point of zero value like "weather has been
               | changing all the time" deserves absolutely no more effort
               | than the response I gave, what do you think? Anyone with
               | an ouce of honesty and self-respect and care for the
               | future would know by now that such a statement is
               | completely worthless with 100% certainty.
               | 
               | And the so-called skeptics have been shown to be
               | demonstrably wrong in their selection of data and their
               | interpretations many many times, they just choose to
               | ignore the evidence and to lie and lie and repeat. There
               | are whole websites like realclimate that go through
               | absolutely everything that's been ponied up by now.
               | 
               | And finally, full disclaimer but I thought my post was
               | clear enough about that: except for the intro, all the
               | points were pasted straight out of ChatGPT! No one has to
               | accept the worn-out intellectual denial-of-service attack
               | of climate trolls now, demanding exhausting pure sweet
               | clear responses as response to half-baked brain farts.
               | Like I said: low-effort on troll's part, low-effort on
               | responder. Is fair.
        
               | thangalin wrote:
               | https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/
               | 202...
               | 
               | 'California has experienced increasingly severe autumn
               | wildfires over the past several decades, which have
               | exacted a rising human and environmental toll. Recent
               | fire and climate science research has demonstrated a
               | clear link between worsening California wildfires and
               | climate change, mainly though the vegetation-drying
               | effect of rising temperatures and shifting precipitation
               | seasonality.'
               | 
               | https://weatherwest.com/
               | 
               | 'Thus, the wildfire risk across much of SoCal will be
               | even greater than the sum of its parts (i.e., the strong
               | winds or dry fuels individually). This is an increasingly
               | prominent concern, as has been previously discussed, with
               | increasing overlap between "offshore wind season" and
               | "critically dry vegetation season" in California---and is
               | something that is expected to happen more often with
               | climate change (especially in Southern California).'
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | The climate has been changing a long time. I'm a big fan
               | of the XKCD about it.
               | 
               | https://xkcd.com/1732/
        
           | aa-jv wrote:
           | The previous inhabitants knew all about these firestorms and
           | used controlled burning to minimize their impact. Its
           | probably going to be wise for future governors to consider
           | re-learning this knowledge....
        
             | theultdev wrote:
             | No need to look back that far.
             | 
             | They know to do use control burns, we've been doing it.
             | 
             | It's forest management 101.
             | 
             | But they get sued by environmentalists when they do.
        
           | greentxt wrote:
           | You make it sound unidimensional but there is probably not 1
           | type of wildfire in California. Coastal residentially dense
           | fires in chaperal are not the same things as massive fires
           | burning in remote areas of national forrests in the sierras.
           | There is no single cause or solution because they are totally
           | different things, with different drivers and requiring
           | different solutions.
        
         | jazzyjackson wrote:
         | Who's presuming it's preventable? What little investment do you
         | suggest California make?
         | 
         | Probably slow controlled burns would be helpful in reducing
         | potential fuel, but who's going to perform controlled burns
         | over the entirety of all the hills surrounding LA ?
        
           | defrost wrote:
           | I cannot answer the "who" but here in a region with similar
           | vegetation and fire risk we don't cool burn the entirety, we
           | stagger mosaic burns that break up the fire risk area into
           | patches.
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fKsLRNbczJY
        
             | lazide wrote:
             | When I last talked to USFS folks, one big issue is
             | complaints and even legal action from folks about smoke
             | when they do burn. It's a lose/lose situation for them.
        
               | defrost wrote:
               | That and insurance no doubt.
               | 
               | What's needed is the reeducation of the NIMBY crowd .. I
               | live in a state where _many_ local community members are
               | motivated to egage with local volunteer bush fire
               | services and cool burning is less of an issue.
               | 
               | As the urbanisation and luxury housing increases the
               | resistance to "inconveniance" seems to also climb.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | I doubt very much it's a matter of lack of
               | knowledge/education.
               | 
               | Rather various degrees of 'fuck you, I got mine' and 'it
               | won't happen to me because I'm special'. Which, often, is
               | true enough they can keep doing it until they die, at
               | which point they 'win'.
               | 
               | Sometimes though, either something happens and they
               | 'don't have theirs' anymore, or it becomes too clear it
               | will happen to them - and some action occurs. Usually too
               | late for it to be an easy or smooth change, of course.
        
           | wtcactus wrote:
           | This might seem far-fetched, but I wonder if all the money
           | used for reactive actions to the fires and the billions lost
           | during those, couldn't instead heavily subsidize a goat
           | grazing industry at large scale.
           | 
           | Keeping the forest clean of combustible materials is the only
           | real preventive solution, but that's almost impossible to do
           | by humans (besides lots of issues with depletion of soils if
           | done incorrectly). The old way of doing that (and raise meat
           | for human consumption) in Southern Europe, was to have goats,
           | lots of goats, eating up all that combustible mass and
           | transforming it into meat and "natural fertilizer".
        
             | edmundsauto wrote:
             | This is the best hacker comment on the thread. Trying to
             | find innovative solutions to a big problem. Thank you!
        
             | lazyeye wrote:
             | Side question, is goat poop flammable?
        
         | hedora wrote:
         | There are two issues. For thousands of years, indigenous people
         | maintained the forest and small fires cleaned out the
         | underbrush. The US halted maintenance, and suppressed fires,
         | creating a backlog of fuel.
         | 
         | The second issue is global warming.
         | 
         | If you have any ideas on how to get the manpower necessary to
         | perform 100+ years of backlogged forest maintenance spanning
         | the entire west coast, or (better) how to fix global warming,
         | I'd love to hear it.
         | 
         | Also, desalination at the scale necessary to meet California's
         | demands is beyond current technology (especially if it's done
         | without destroying the ocean ecosystem). Note that the central
         | valley relies on irrigation, and is the bread basket of the US.
        
           | TheSpiceIsLife wrote:
           | You can extinguish a fire with salt water.
           | 
           | Connect the sewage / storm water system to a few massive
           | pumps and back flush everything.
           | 
           | Set off a few nukes in the bay to cause a tidal wave.
           | 
           | I'm no civil engineer / hydrologished, so there's probably
           | issues with my drive-by dismissal of a serious issue.
        
             | calgoo wrote:
             | So yes, you can put out fires with salt water but its bad
             | for any equipment that is currently being used * and it
             | hurts the future plant life (salting the earth is an old
             | method of hurting your enemies * ).
             | 
             | * https://firefighterinsider.com/can-you-put-out-a-fire-
             | with-s...
             | 
             | * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salting_the_earth
        
               | shwaj wrote:
               | I love how you respond seriously to the logistical
               | challenges of salt water, and don't blink at the prospect
               | of using nukes to create a tidal wave.
        
               | TheSpiceIsLife wrote:
               | While we're speaking about future plant life, it isn't
               | necessarily looking particularly good.
        
             | Mistletoe wrote:
             | This is the most HN comment ever.
        
               | TheSpiceIsLife wrote:
               | Aww thanks, you're making me blush.
               | 
               | But I think the honorific goes to the Dropbox dismissal.
        
           | GaryNumanVevo wrote:
           | This is a misnomer, Calfire does a lot of prescribed burns
           | already. It's really difficult to do them safely around urban
           | interfaces.
        
             | Redoubts wrote:
             | They also just get sued all the time for doing their job
             | 
             | https://x.com/alecstapp/status/1877114784149029252
             | 
             | https://x.com/alecstapp/status/1877145129351323920
        
             | hedora wrote:
             | They do, but they're still way behind where they need to
             | be.
             | 
             | They also do shaded fire breaks, which make sense.
        
           | francisofascii wrote:
           | > manpower necessary to perform 100+ years of backlogged
           | forest maintenance spanning the entire west coast
           | 
           | Curious what is involved with this. If indigenous people
           | could do it, why couldn't a larger population with superior
           | tech do it? Sounds like a worthwhile venture. Even if it
           | costs a fortune it might be better than rebuilding LA every
           | 30-50 years.
        
             | shwaj wrote:
             | It's unfortunate that Claude can't provide references, but
             | it plausibly suggests that the indigenous population
             | actively managed forests in a radius around their
             | population centers, not the entire land area. So the
             | current larger population doesn't make the task easier,
             | since the size of the task scales with the population size.
             | Superior technology should certainly make it easier,
             | though. Probably a matter of lack of political will, and
             | bureaucratic inefficiency.
        
           | lazyeye wrote:
           | You missed the third issue which was utterly incompetent
           | management from the mayor of Los Angeles, Karen Bass, and the
           | governer of California, Gavin Newsom.
        
         | Redoubts wrote:
         | The Sierra Club sues any attempt to do preventive burns. Forest
         | management can take 4-7 years between planning and execution
         | for any one task.
         | 
         | https://x.com/tahrajirari/status/1877110097790312519
        
         | pancakemouse wrote:
         | > preventable
         | 
         | Preventable via multiple methods, you've been downvoted
         | presumably for seeming insensitivity, but it seems a valid
         | question. Water is plentiful, it's a rich area. This stuff can
         | be prevented. Why wasn't it?
        
         | gamblor956 wrote:
         | 1) There wasn't a water shortage. The local reservoirs were
         | full at the start of the fire. The problem was that there was
         | so much simultaneous demand that there was insufficient _water
         | pressure._ This was compounded by the destruction of pumping
         | stations by the fire, and by the extreme winds preventing the
         | use of aerial support (i.e., water and fire retardant) on
         | Tuesday, when most of the Palisades were burned.
         | 
         | 2) Salt water is highly corrosive to equipment, and also kills
         | vegetation. But it used as a last resort when fresh water
         | reservoirs are empty...and was used in previous Malibu fires...
         | 
         | 3) For an example of how important aerial support is: the
         | Sunset Fire and the Mt Wilson flameup of the Eaton fire were
         | controlled within an hour each through the use of aerial water
         | drops.
        
       | dheera wrote:
       | > We download the reprojected data from UW SSEC's RealEarth
       | program
       | 
       | I really wish GOES's official images would provide the high
       | resolution imagery directly. We shouldn't have to go through
       | RealEarth to get it. However I've noticed that only RealEarth has
       | the highest resolution images.
        
       | mackid wrote:
       | Thanks for sharing. Do you work with the folks at Watch Duty?
        
         | xingyzt wrote:
         | No, just a student on winter break who got curious why CA
         | Fire's map wasn't showing the up-to-date extent of the Eaton
         | fire. Do they have this kind of heat data?
        
           | mackid wrote:
           | They integrate a number of sources. Satellite, cameras,
           | weather, CalFire, etc. Check out their app, it's free. They
           | are a non-profit Startup, which is an interesting approach.
        
       | mzs wrote:
       | Nice, thanks but did you know about NASA FIRMS?
       | 
       | https://firms.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/map/#d:24hrs;@-117.8,34...
        
         | xingyzt wrote:
         | No, looks like they're doing a way better job! Thanks for
         | sharing. I was only aware of the GOES sats. Seems like VIIRS is
         | more intended to do this kind of monitoring.
        
           | mzs wrote:
           | I still like what you did on break. FWIW GEOS provides Fire
           | Temperature: https://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/goes/sector_ban
           | d.php?sat=G1...
        
         | pixelesque wrote:
         | Interesting that FIRMS doesn't seem to yet be showing the
         | "Sunset" fire, or anything West of Griffith Park...
        
           | xingyzt wrote:
           | Maybe because FIRMS uses data from satellites in polar
           | orbits, which only pass over the area once every few hours?
           | With choosing near-Earth polar vs. farther geostationary
           | orbits there's a tradeoff between space and time resolution.
        
         | notatoad wrote:
         | FIRMS is very cool, but take it with a grain of salt - we were
         | all looking at it obsessively while Jasper AB burned this
         | summer, and apparently it has issues with differentiating
         | between fire on the ground and fire in the smoke clouds, so it
         | can make the fire boundary look bigger than it actually is.
        
         | dbetteridge wrote:
         | Wonder why the whole central band of Africa is just covered in
         | fires, households? deforestation?
        
           | keraf wrote:
           | A sibling comment mentioned that it can detect smoke, so my
           | guess is waste disposal, aka burning trash in your backyard.
           | Some can produce quite a lot of smoke.
           | 
           | I did a private pilot license in Africa, the biggest "plus"
           | was that I always knew the direction of the wind on the
           | ground by looking at all these fires. There was _never_ a
           | time when I didn 't see smoke unless I was flying in very
           | remote areas.
        
             | alienthrowaway wrote:
             | Why did you assume they are burning trash instead of log
             | fires? What was the primary fuel for cooking and heating
             | for poor people in the part of Africa you got your PPL?
        
           | alienthrowaway wrote:
           | If you look at all the green, you'll notice the fires are in
           | the equatorial rainforest that runs along the equator. Fire
           | is a quick, non-mechanical way to clear land of vegetation
           | for farming or other uses.
           | 
           | Additionally, in a rainforest, wood is a cheap and easily
           | available source of fuel for day to day household energy
           | needs in areas that are rural, remote and with no electrical
           | services.
        
       | tikkun wrote:
       | Another fire project idea: show, based on some kind of prediction
       | model that gives 50th, 90th, 99th percentiles (from historical
       | data, perhaps, or perhaps just from wind/fire speeds), how fast a
       | given fire could reach a specific location.
       | 
       | Whenever I've opened watch duty, that's always the question I'm
       | asking. How long might it take to reach [here/there]?
        
         | lazide wrote:
         | It's a very dangerous answer to try to give someone, because of
         | how unpredictable and dangerous a wildfire is. Sudden shifts in
         | winds and can have the flames jump (literally) miles in
         | minutes, after sitting calmly for hours.
         | 
         | It isn't theoretical either - it kills professionals too.
         | [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mann_Gulch_fire],
         | [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Canyon_Fire],
         | [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dude_fire] for a few examples.
         | 
         | Long story short - never turn your back on a wildfire, and try
         | to stay as far away as possible.
        
           | tikkun wrote:
           | Right, they seem highly volatile/variable. The thinking is
           | that showing the 99th percentile / range of possibilities
           | would cover that, if it's based on historical data - does
           | that seem right to you or no, and if not why not?
        
             | lazide wrote:
             | It would be like if someone you never met came up to you
             | and held a revolver to your head, and told you they were
             | going to play Russian roulette.
             | 
             | If they told you the 99% percentile odds of the next
             | trigger pull, would it be okay to stay if you thought you
             | liked the odds?
             | 
             | And if you were silly enough to believe him, who would be
             | to blame if he was wrong?
             | 
             | Oh, here are some more
             | [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yarnell_Hill_Fire]. Oh and
             | [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/1933_Griffith_Park_fire].
             | And
             | [https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackwater_Fire_of_1937]
             | 
             | There is a reason why firefighters are considered to be one
             | of the most heroic professionals.
             | 
             | And some more (not all related to wildfires though) [https:
             | //en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_the_deadliest_firefi...]
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | Prisoners one day, hero firefighters earning a dollar an
               | hour the next.
               | 
               | https://www.businessinsider.com/california-fire-inmate-
               | firef...
        
             | gamblor956 wrote:
             | The authorities already do the type of broad analysis
             | you're suggesting. That's how they generate the evacuation
             | maps.
             | 
             | If you mean a more specific analysis: there's no way to do
             | that with a level of detail or accuracy that would be
             | relevant to individual decision-making. There are simply
             | too many variables in the air, in the fuel, and even in the
             | fire itself.
        
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       (page generated 2025-01-09 23:02 UTC)