[HN Gopher] Collection: More Doctors Smoke Camels
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Collection: More Doctors Smoke Camels
        
       Author : t0bia_s
       Score  : 91 points
       Date   : 2025-01-07 09:12 UTC (2 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (tobacco.stanford.edu)
 (TXT) w3m dump (tobacco.stanford.edu)
        
       | sparrish wrote:
       | And people wonder why others don't "trust the science".
        
         | krapp wrote:
         | Which science don't you trust, the science that once said
         | smoking is harmless or the science which currently says smoking
         | is harmful? Or do you cover all your bases and just not trust
         | science regardless?
        
           | renewiltord wrote:
           | One who believes in that line trusts neither, one imagines.
           | The thing that people often misunderstand about not trusting
           | something is that it is different from believing it is
           | guaranteed to be wrong. Not trusting something means that it
           | doesn't provide evidence. i.e. if you don't trust some source
           | X, and X provides some evidence X_A about some event A then
           | not trusting them means that P(A|X_A) ~= P(A) your prior
           | probability.
           | 
           | People often interpret the "I don't trust X" statement to be
           | "belief in the opposite", i.e. P(!A|X_A) = 1. This is
           | obviously stupid since someone you distrust could happily
           | manufacture evidence for !A and then you'd conclude
           | P(!!A|X_!A) = 1 so they could make you believe anything,
           | which is obviously not something you want someone you
           | distrust to do to you.
        
             | skygazer wrote:
             | I'm not sure that's correct in practice. The people that
             | harbor vocal distrust in agencies, professions, etc. really
             | do seem more apt to directly believe whatever is in
             | opposition to the "distrusted" message. While your proposal
             | remains a logical alternative to them, adoption seems
             | markedly low.
        
             | fullshark wrote:
             | Nah, they "believe" in that line when the science says
             | anything that contradicts their priors. When the science
             | says anything that confirms them they ingest and cite it
             | gladly.
        
           | janalsncm wrote:
           | It's a category error. "Science" doesn't have a pope. It
           | isn't whatever the latest scientist says. Science is a
           | process for figuring things out.
        
           | wahern wrote:
           | Was there ever any sustained science that claimed smoking was
           | harmless? AFAIU, smoking was considered by the general
           | population as not good for you health since at least the
           | early 20th century, and before then as at least a vice (as
           | was caffeine!). By mid century there was sustained scientific
           | output showing clear links to cancer, solidifying cigarettes
           | as an acute hazard to your health even if the scope and
           | magnitude of the harms were less than we know today. Tobacco
           | companies and their defenders countered this sentiment using
           | the same tools used today--dissembling, whataboutism, and
           | your basic FUD techniques. You can't look at ads promoting
           | cigarettes and assume most people accepted what they're
           | communicating at face value.
           | 
           | Anyhow, almost everybody knows today that, for example,
           | eating too much sugar is bad for you, but the majority of the
           | population still does it. That's how humans behave. Often
           | times people do something _because_ it 's bad, taboo, or
           | dangerous. And not everybody centers their lifestyle around
           | good health; some people are just trying to get through the
           | day. Today we still have doctors who smoke, dentists who
           | drink soda, etc, though those particular vices are less
           | popular than they once were. And let's not forget, while
           | cigarette smoking has been in free fall doctors have been
           | happily handing out prescriptions to smoke marijuana, even
           | though inhaling marijuana smoke is at least as harmful as
           | cigarettes (most people smoke it less frequently, but that's
           | beside the point). Just because something is accepted as
           | normal doesn't mean the harms are being outright denied.
        
           | jdietrich wrote:
           | "The science" never said that smoking is harmless. Concerns
           | were being raised as early as the 1930s and epidemiological
           | evidence had conclusively demonstrated the link between
           | tobacco smoking, lung cancer and cardiovascular disease by
           | the early 1950s. The tobacco industry pursued a relentless
           | campaign to cast doubt on that science, which was so
           | successful that even today people imagine that there was once
           | an actual controversy.
           | 
           | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2085438/
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Frank_Statement
        
             | ty6853 wrote:
             | The tobacco industry also shifted to the most deadly form,
             | cigarettes. Casual low use cigar smokers that don't inhale
             | ( proper way to smoke cigar ) iirc have lower lung cancer
             | and higher life expectancy than non smokers. Pipes and
             | cigar were generally better especially when used in
             | moderation even against moderate cigarette smoking.
             | 
             | Although generally the US just has bad tobacco habits.
             | 'European' style smoking of a cigarette with coffee a
             | couple times a week likely will kill you slower than
             | whatever was going to get you like cooking and eating smoky
             | grilled meats.
        
               | HeyLaughingBoy wrote:
               | What are you implying here? That Europeans don't get
               | addicted to nicotine?
        
         | Eric_WVGG wrote:
         | It's kind of a "tell", right? On the face of things, it would
         | make just as much sense to say "More software devs smoke Camels
         | than any other cigarette." You wouldn't call out "doctors"
         | unless everyone knew this was unhealthy.
        
         | awnird wrote:
         | You are confusing science with ad copy.
        
           | adamc wrote:
           | No, but the post implies a belief that many people will
           | confuse the two. And it might be right.
        
           | ajsnigrutin wrote:
           | There was a lot of science paid by big tobacco (and big sugar
           | and many others like hydrogenated fats), that then turned
           | into ads.
        
         | exe34 wrote:
         | the antidote to bad science has always been more science by
         | independent experts.
         | 
         | what else would you suggest?
        
           | ajsnigrutin wrote:
           | He was pointing out the hypocrisy in "trust the science"
           | buzzwords used during the pandemic. Science is based on
           | skepticism, not "trust", and being a skeptic back then was
           | somehow considered censorship-worthy.
           | 
           | edit: because i'm being rate-limited for some reason (thanks
           | mods), i'm refering to stuff like this:
           | 
           | https://web.archive.org/web/20210402002315/https://www.msnbc.
           | ..
           | 
           | > And we have -- we can kind of almost see the end. We`re
           | vaccinating so very fast, our data from the CDC today
           | suggests, you know, that vaccinated people do not carry the
           | virus, don`t get sick, and that it`s not just in the clinical
           | trials but it`s also in real world data.
           | 
           | Hey, the media, the CDC, "the science" says that if you're
           | vaccinated, you're safe, you won't infect your
           | immunocompromised grandma, you won't get sick, you won't
           | spread covid. I mean... don't be a skeptic, "trust" them.
           | 
           | Or you can say "even if you're vaccinated, you'll still get
           | covid and still infect grandma", and be censored from most
           | platforms" (back then).
        
             | exe34 wrote:
             | no, the skepticism is for people who understand what they
             | are being skeptical about. if you have a degree in
             | chemistry and you disagree with one other chemist, I'd have
             | to listen to both of you and try to make up my own mind. if
             | you disagree with 99% of chemists, then I'm not ingesting
             | what you suggest nor avoiding what they recommend.
             | 
             | you don't get to point to Facebook posts by uncle Rob who
             | reposts crackpot ideas 24/7 and call that "a controversy".
             | there is such a thing as being wrong.
        
             | wewtyflakes wrote:
             | There seemed to be a lot of loud, bad-faith, antagonists in
             | that era that likely ended up killing a lot of people.
             | Things like drinking bleach, using de-wormer, don't get
             | vaccines, masks are bad for you, etc... It was exhausting
             | to hear because it got a whole big group of people to
             | cosplay domain experts and the rest of us had to deal with
             | the fallout of millions dying.
        
               | ajsnigrutin wrote:
               | Sure, there are nutjobs everywhere, but contrary to
               | principles of science, _everyone_ was told to  "trust the
               | science".
               | 
               | Not "be skeptical, verify, repeat, etc.", but "trust"....
               | you shouldn't have to blidndly trust science, that's
               | reserved for nutjobs speaking to god by yelling into a
               | hat, where there's no way to verify.
               | 
               | Many people also got vaccinated because the science
               | mentioned 94% (or whatever) effciveness against covid
               | infections, about preventing spread, and guess what,
               | trusting that killed immunocompromised grandma too.
        
               | wewtyflakes wrote:
               | > trusting that killed immunocompromised grandma too.
               | 
               | This is the sort of stuff that I was referring to above.
               | It sounds shocking and plausible, but at the end of the
               | day, if you flatly ask someone "would you like a 10%
               | chance to die from covid (being a grandma), or would you
               | like (some lower %) chance to die to prevent it", then
               | why not try?
        
               | sethammons wrote:
               | What if you ask them, instead, "would you like a 1%
               | chance of dying of covid (being a healthy male under 40)
               | or an unknown chance at an unknown reaction that may
               | include myocarditis from a new treatment?", then why do
               | it?
               | 
               | For a while, this was what those around me were saying.
               | It was much, much later that covid itself was associated
               | with even more myocarditis than the vaccine.
        
               | exe34 wrote:
               | > unknown chance
               | 
               | for values of "unknown chance" well under 1 in 100,000.
               | you sound like the same kind of American who prefers the
               | quarter pounder to the third pounder because 4 > 3.
        
               | sethammons wrote:
               | I know four very negative covid vaccine reactions and
               | zero covid anythings aside from two people saying it was
               | the sickest they have ever felt. I don't know 100k
               | people. Make up any stat that makes you feel smug to
               | throw shade at my math skills. From my personal, lived
               | experience, you can't say the sky ain't blue.
        
               | exe34 wrote:
               | Yes, anecdotes trump population studies any day. You
               | really are dumb.
        
               | ajsnigrutin wrote:
               | No, the question is, do you 'trust the science', the
               | quote from the director of cdc:
               | 
               | > And we have -- we can kind of almost see the end. We`re
               | vaccinating so very fast, our data from the CDC today
               | suggests, you know, that vaccinated people do not carry
               | the virus, don`t get sick, and that it`s not just in the
               | clinical trials but it`s also in real world data.
               | 
               | ...and the visit grandma, who cannot get vaccinated
               | (immunocompromised), because you're vaccinated, and don't
               | carry the virus and don't get sick?
               | 
               | Or are you one of those 'conspiracy theorists' who say
               | "the vaccinated are carrying the virus, even if you're
               | vaccinated, you'll still get sick and kill grandma"?
        
               | exe34 wrote:
               | > Not "be skeptical, verify, repeat, etc.", but
               | "trust"...
               | 
               | that's because you don't have the skills for it. you
               | can't even deal with poor reporting, but you want to
               | verify/repeat?
               | 
               | did you also let your kids operate the oven before they
               | could walk?
        
               | ajsnigrutin wrote:
               | So a direct quote by the director of the cdc is poor
               | reporting?
               | 
               | And what skills do I need? "The science" was literally
               | changing every few days.
               | 
               | Trust us, vaccinated pople don't carry the virus.
               | 
               | And then a few months later "whoops".
               | 
               | https://www.reuters.com/article/world/fact-checkoutdated-
               | vid...
               | 
               | > In the clip, Dr Fauci says "There's no reason to be
               | walking around with a mask. When you're in the middle of
               | an outbreak, wearing a mask might make people feel a
               | little bit better and it might even block a droplet, but
               | it's not providing the perfect protection that people
               | think that it is. And, often, there are unintended
               | consequences -- people keep fiddling with the mask and
               | they keep touching their face."
               | 
               | Trust us, there's no reason to be walking around with a
               | mask.
               | 
               | And then a few weeks later, again "trust us, you need a
               | mask".
               | 
               | To simplify for you, you can trust yor girlfriend
               | (boyfriend, whatver), but after s/he cheats on you
               | multiple times and changes her(his) story the same amount
               | of times, the trust is lost.
        
               | exe34 wrote:
               | > "The science" was literally changing every few days"
               | 
               | the world's sum total knowledge about the virus was
               | changing from day to day - what did you want - stone
               | tablets and burning bushes?
               | 
               | the mask message made sense: they were very clear, that
               | in the early stages, it didn't make sense for everybody
               | to wear them (community transmission was still low) and
               | deprive medical personnel who needed them desperately
               | (they were far more likely to encounter the virus for
               | reasons I hope you are smart enough to figure out for
               | yourself - but shout out and I'll try to explain further
               | if it's not clear).
               | 
               | later on when community transmission was high and we had
               | much larger supplies of masks, it made sense for more
               | people to wear them, because then it would make a
               | difference to the total transmission.
               | 
               | it seems that you just wanted an all knowing parental
               | figure to tell you what to do and never change their
               | opinion - that's not how real life works. in the adult
               | world, when new information becomes available, or the
               | situation changes, the rules can be changed. this isn't
               | church.
               | 
               | and yes, even the chief of the cdc can be wrong, speak
               | wrong, make mistakes, or get a message across poorly
               | trying to produce short and snappy soundbites that the
               | likes of you have a chance of remembering. but the
               | underlying message wasn't wrong, it was correct based on
               | available evidence at the time. it was a stressful
               | situation and they probably didn't get much sleep for
               | several months.
        
               | ajsnigrutin wrote:
               | But for science to change, you must NOT trust existing
               | science. The opposite of what 'the science' was telling
               | people to do - "trust science".
               | 
               | The first mask message was that you don't need a mask. If
               | you then censor and ban everyone who says "don't listen
               | to fauci, buy a mask", and a few weeks later ban everyone
               | who says "listen to fauci's statement two weeks ago, you
               | don't need a mask", who's left then? If the "science
               | changed", then the people not trusting the first "truth"
               | were correct in not trusting it. But we censored them and
               | called them idiots for buying and wearing masks, before
               | the 'science changed'. They didn't trust fauci and the
               | science, and had masks, the ones who trusted, didn't.
               | 
               | People literally died, that could have been saved by
               | wearing a mask before mask mandates. Also people died
               | because they trusted the vaccines, and killed other
               | people, because they trusted the vaccines wold prevent
               | spread. If you trusted the CDC director and visited
               | grandma, you might have killed her. If you didnt trust
               | the effectiveness of vaccines, you didn't visit her, and
               | she could be still alive.
               | 
               | We had 4 types of vaccines in my country, astrazeneca,
               | j&j, moderna and pfizer. All of them were "safe and
               | effective". Then astrazeneca was pulled out, because of
               | heart issues, but the other three were safe and
               | effective. Then j&j was pulled out. Then moderna. In my
               | country (~2mio pop), we had 5 deaths with(!) covid in the
               | sub 35yo group (with the wonky counting of deaths), which
               | is less than suicide deaths, overdoses, etc. Also 1
               | vaccine death (
               | https://www.gov.si/en/news/2021-11-30-expert-commission-
               | conf... )
               | 
               | Look, I know what you're trying to say, scientists know
               | what they're doing, but i'm pointing out that "trust" is
               | not the right word to be used with science. Church? Sure,
               | trust someone with some imaginary friend, because more
               | than trust is impossible. But with science (as you said
               | "total knowledge about the virus was changing from day to
               | day"), you cannot call people to 'trust' it, because
               | (again, as you said yourself), the science was wrong and
               | "changed" and trust is broken.
               | 
               | Also "hey, we lied to you before, because we were
               | incompetent at buying masks for medcical workers, so we
               | instead chose to risk your life instead" is a stupid
               | argument. This is how you lose what little is left of
               | "trust" in those authorities.
               | 
               | TLDR: if you trust, you're stuck with stone tablets and
               | burning bushes (well, leeches and smoke enemas in case of
               | medical treatments). Only with distrust can science go
               | forwards. If we banned all the smoke-enema skeptics back
               | then, we'd never more onwards from there.
        
               | exe34 wrote:
               | > The first mask message was that you don't need a mask.
               | If you then censor and ban everyone who says "don't
               | listen to fauci, buy a mask", and a few weeks later ban
               | everyone who says "listen to fauci's statement two weeks
               | ago, you don't need a mask", who's left then? If the
               | "science changed", then the people not trusting the first
               | "truth" were correct in not trusting it. But we censored
               | them and called them idiots for buying and wearing masks,
               | before the 'science changed'. They didn't trust fauci and
               | the science, and had masks, the ones who trusted, didn't.
               | 
               | Firstly, nobody in the medical establishment nor
               | government told anybody they were idiots for wearing a
               | mask. They said masks were not necessary. Nobody censored
               | them, you are getting your timelines confused. You should
               | talk to a medical professional about that. The people
               | whose comments had a "fact check" added were the ones
               | saying you shouldn't wear a mask when it became important
               | to wear one.
               | 
               | I think I can see where you're struggling. It's likely
               | you are too stupid to understand it, but I'm feeling
               | generous, so I'm going to try anyway. Early on in a
               | pandemic, if you have 300M people, and 1% have the virus,
               | and 1% of that shows symptoms and go to the hospital, you
               | have 30,000 people showing up at hospitals with the
               | potential to infect say 10 medical personel they come
               | into contact each - so you need fully 300,000 masks being
               | worn by the professionals. If the national supply of
               | masks is 500,000, then it makes no sense for the whole
               | population to wear them. The individual non-medical
               | person is very unlikely to come across an infected person
               | during their day, while the doctors desperately need them
               | to be able to keep helping those who need it. Does that
               | make sense?
               | 
               | Once there is community transmission, and 20% of the
               | population has the virus, then the average person has a
               | much higher probability of coming across the virus and
               | getting infected - this was also much later in the
               | pandemic, so the supply of masks was much higher. Then it
               | makes sense for everybody to wear them, and cunts like
               | you who then went around pulling them off people's faces
               | put them at risk. Do you get it?
               | 
               | There is a very big difference here, and I really hope
               | you get it this time, I have tried really hard to explain
               | it.
               | 
               | > But for science to change, you must NOT trust existing
               | science. The opposite of what 'the science' was telling
               | people to do - "trust science".
               | 
               | Who's "you"? You? No, you're a dumb idiot. It's not about
               | not trusting - it's about knowing that new information
               | could justify a change in policy and not trying to hide
               | it. This isn't the republican convention or the catholic
               | church trying to hide criminal evidence - it's about
               | accepting that new information can and should change your
               | mind.
               | 
               | > People literally died, that could have been saved by
               | wearing a mask before mask mandates.
               | 
               | I think you're full of shit. Nobody was stopped from
               | wearing a mask if they wanted. The message was that there
               | was no need for the general population to wear them and
               | deprive the doctors who did absolutely need them. People
               | with compromised immune systems were told early on to
               | avoid crowds, to take precautions, etc. I suspect a very
               | small number of people died from that. If you think it's
               | a significant population, that's on you to provide
               | evidence.
               | 
               | > Also people died because they trusted the vaccines,
               | 
               | This one is very well documented - a minuscule number of
               | people died from the vaccines, and they had conditions
               | that would have killed them if they got the actual virus
               | anyway. It wasn't a vaccine specific issue.
               | 
               | > and killed other people, because they trusted the
               | vaccines wold prevent spread. If you trusted the CDC
               | director and visited grandma, you might have killed her.
               | If you didnt trust the effectiveness of vaccines, you
               | didn't visit her, and she could be still alive.
               | 
               | Again, I think you are full of shit. The people who
               | decided to visit and kill grandma were specifically those
               | who didn't give a shit about anybody but themselves, and
               | were doing it anyway. They weren't likely to have been
               | vaccinated in the first place.
               | 
               | > We had 4 types of vaccines in my country, astrazeneca,
               | j&j, moderna and pfizer. All of them were "safe and
               | effective". Then astrazeneca was pulled out, because of
               | heart issues, but the other three were safe and
               | effective. Then j&j was pulled out. Then moderna. In my
               | country (~2mio pop), we had 5 deaths with(!) covid in the
               | sub 35yo group (with the wonky counting of deaths), which
               | is less than suicide deaths, overdoses, etc
               | 
               | They weren't pulled out because of heart issues, they
               | were replaced by newer versions for the new variants.
               | Pull your head out of your arse for once.
               | 
               | > Look, I know what you're trying to say, scientists know
               | what they're doing, but i'm pointing out that "trust" is
               | not the right word to be used with science. Church? Sure,
               | trust someone with some imaginary friend, because more
               | than trust is impossible. But with science (as you said
               | "total knowledge about the virus was changing from day to
               | day"), you cannot call people to 'trust' it, because
               | (again, as you said yourself), the science was wrong and
               | "changed" and trust is broken.
               | 
               | The word you're thinking about is faith. You want
               | unshakable faith in the word of the great leader - you're
               | not going to find peace that way.
        
               | nicoburns wrote:
               | The emphasis on "trust the science" is the "the science",
               | not "trust". Everyone ultimately needs to trust
               | something, and it is better if that is a scientific
               | consensus than if it's what the anchors on fox news are
               | saying.
        
             | 8note wrote:
             | > Hey, the media, the CDC, "the science" says that if
             | you're vaccinated, you're safe, you won't infect your
             | immunocompromised grandma, you won't get sick, you won't
             | spread covid.
             | 
             | to my knowledge, this is not what the science said. the
             | science always said "if youre vaccinated, you are less
             | likely to experience severe covid symptoms"
        
               | lmm wrote:
               | The actual science, sure. But "the science" in the sense
               | of what the media, and people arguing online, were
               | claiming the science said, absolutely went a lot further
               | than the evidence. It was widely claimed that the
               | vaccines gave immunity, for example.
        
               | defrost wrote:
               | That's free speech in the US for you.
               | 
               | Meanwhile, actual science, medical practitioners, have
               | been clear for many decades that vaccines reduce
               | infection and transmission rates, etc.
               | 
               | Vaccines didn't "cure Polio" in any absolute sense, but
               | they did make it possible to suppress it until it no
               | longer appeared "in the wild" .. until it came back
               | again.
        
               | lmm wrote:
               | Free speech beats the alternative. But it's important to
               | realise that just because the media (or anyone)
               | confidently claims something doesn't mean it's true (not
               | generally because they're lying, just because they're
               | wildly overconfident), and that's still true when they
               | tell you what they're saying is "the science".
        
               | defrost wrote:
               | > (US) Free speech beats the alternative(s).
               | 
               | Questionable.
               | 
               | > and that's still true when they tell you what they're
               | saying is "the science".
               | 
               | Ditto "the earth is flat", "they are eating the cats",
               | "it was a lab leak", .. etc.
               | 
               | These are _opinions_ not science.
        
               | exe34 wrote:
               | did you set up an independent printing press and the
               | government came to shut you down? if so, yes, your right
               | to free speech was indeed gravely violated!
        
               | verdverm wrote:
               | There isn't one alternative, speech rights & laws are a
               | spectrum
               | 
               | It is certainly arguable that the American style is to
               | extreme on the freedom side. There is little punishment
               | for the immense amount of malicious lying by too many
               | actors in the system
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | I mean, I would love to make it illegal for a journalist
               | to say "The science says X" when the science does not say
               | X, but understand that for nearly all science, a
               | journalist _is not equipped to know that!_
               | 
               | Journalists are not scientists, and they are especially
               | not scientists, and they do not have the foundation and
               | fundamentals necessary to evaluate whether a paper backs
               | up what a university PR department tells them to publish.
               | 
               | The wealth of human knowledge is insanely vast, and
               | basically infinitely recursive. A scientist in one tiny
               | niche of physics can barely evaluate the papers of a
               | scientist in another tiny niche of physics. Most niches
               | in most sciences can't even fill an auditorium with
               | experts.
               | 
               | The most important thing to know in science is that if
               | you are not reading the actual paper, you aren't getting
               | scientific information but rather someone's
               | interpretation and marketing copy. The second most
               | important thing to know is that if you haven't written a
               | scientific paper in the same domain, you will likely
               | struggle to accurately interpret the results of one.
               | 
               | When everyone was freaking out over LK-99, none of the
               | losers on here or twitter were able to accurately assess
               | the situation, and plenty of people outright bought the
               | lies of that russian furry who claimed to be able to
               | reproduce it, despite any evidence. It took actual domain
               | experts, who were always emphatic that it didn't have
               | good enough evidence to get too excited.
               | 
               | There was a similar situation during the "Cold Fusion"
               | nonsense in 1989. A couple chemists did some mediocre
               | science and went on a PR tour with their "findings",
               | quite literally saying their data was unquestionable and
               | the rest of science needed to adapt their theories to the
               | cold fusion data, which meanwhile was unpublished. These
               | two fairly well trained and practiced scientists went and
               | asked congress for something like $25 million on next to
               | no data. An entire conference of Chemists cheered for
               | them and their "findings". The findings were always
               | invalid. Their experiments never generated the kinds of
               | products you would expect from fusing deuterium.
               | 
               | If even a room full of trained chemists cannot evaluate
               | other chemists making downright basic errors in their
               | research, how can we possibly expect average people with
               | no scientific experience to keep up?
        
               | verdverm wrote:
               | I'd focus on politicians and corporations who lie through
               | their teeth first, not journalists. I'd focus on the
               | blatant and provably wrong statements, like where a
               | politician says they did this thing to bring jobs to
               | their constituents when in fact they voted against the
               | bill
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | Oh absolutely, I've long railed on about how absurdly
               | weak and pitiful "truth in advertising" laws are in the
               | US, but suggesting that a homeopathic medicine should not
               | be able to call itself a "remedy" or "medicine" or
               | anything like that drives people absolutely insane in the
               | US. How dare you ~take away~ slightly change the label on
               | my sugar pills!
               | 
               | Consider that, if you pay someone to say something as a
               | "testimonial", you can say basically whatever you want
               | and face no legal consequences. It shouldn't be the job
               | of the average consumer to take corps to court for
               | selling shit based on lies, yet it is.
        
               | t0bia_s wrote:
               | Do we have studies for this that compare two controlled
               | groups in same environment?
               | 
               | Don't fotget about "accidents" that spread Polio by
               | vaccination on 120000 children, like Cutter incident.
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cutter_Laboratories
        
               | defrost wrote:
               | > Do we have studies for this
               | 
               | For many values of 'this' in the medical domain, yes.
               | 
               | > Don't fotget about "accidents" that spread Polio by
               | vaccination
               | 
               | Err, the Cutter incident spread Polio via live polio
               | virus rather than by Polio vaccination.
               | 
               | Absolutely an example of a serious and deadly Quality
               | Control f*ckup that led to a complete change in how
               | vaccine production was approached.
        
               | t0bia_s wrote:
               | Please, link those studies.
        
               | exe34 wrote:
               | > Do we have studies for this that compare two controlled
               | groups in same environment?
               | 
               | are you questioning the link between vaccines and polio
               | almost entirely disappearing from all but about 4
               | countries on the planet?
               | 
               | what alternative "theory" do you have in this case?
        
               | t0bia_s wrote:
               | Increasing wealth and overall hygiene.
               | 
               | 99% polio cases are nowadays in developing countries.
        
               | exe34 wrote:
               | What mechanism would you suggest connects wealth with
               | polio?
        
               | t0bia_s wrote:
               | I'm not sure if I understand a question. You mean how
               | could wealth help with disapearing of polio?
        
               | ajsnigrutin wrote:
               | > And we have -- we can kind of almost see the end. We`re
               | vaccinating so very fast, our data from the CDC today
               | suggests, you know, that vaccinated people do not carry
               | the virus, don`t get sick, and that it`s not just in the
               | clinical trials but it`s also in real world data.
               | 
               | This quote is literally from the director of the CDC
               | (source in comment above). I mean.. who better to
               | 'trust'?
        
               | defrost wrote:
               | It's one of several quotes repeatedly dragged up in these
               | discussions.
               | 
               | Which peer reviewed paper was that quote sourced from?
               | Which medical conference lecture was that statement made
               | in?
               | 
               | Oh, it was from a regular simplified human to human
               | conversation in which the CDC director was indicating a
               | comparitive result?
               | 
               | WRT ppm's etc was that an accurate call of magnitude of
               | difference in outcomes at that time?
        
               | exe34 wrote:
               | so because the science was reported sloppily, we can't
               | trust science - instead of educating people?
        
               | lmm wrote:
               | We can't trust people who say "the science" is on their
               | side. We can't trust popular science reporting. If you
               | want to know what the science actually says, you have to
               | dig into it yourself and e.g. read some papers (and even
               | that might not be enough - you have to know which
               | journals are credible and which aren't).
        
               | exe34 wrote:
               | But you can trust uncle Donny who comes up with crackpot
               | theories 24/7?
        
               | cindycindy wrote:
               | It's the ups and downs from believing those ideas that
               | people live for. They're all chasing a feeling, which is
               | the basis of all addiction.
        
               | sethammons wrote:
               | That sloppy reporting _is_ the educating of people.
        
               | ajsnigrutin wrote:
               | The quote above is literally from the director of the CDC
        
               | exe34 wrote:
               | who is of course, infallible, never taken out of context,
               | and never misrepresented. he said something you didn't
               | understand once, and therefore everybody who says
               | something you don't want to hear must be wrong.
               | 
               | did I cover everything?
        
         | mulmen wrote:
         | Assertion: a tobacco company used misleading marketing
         | practices.
         | 
         | Conclusion: science is a lie.
        
           | t0bia_s wrote:
           | Conclusion: People dying.
        
           | weberer wrote:
           | The actual conclusion: what the media spoonfeeds you is not
           | science.
        
         | 01HNNWZ0MV43FF wrote:
         | Do you know why I only drink grain alcohol, Mandrake?
        
       | aprilthird2021 wrote:
       | > In an attempt to substantiate the "More Doctors" claim, R.J.
       | Reynolds paid for surveys to be conducted during medical
       | conventions using two survey methods: Doctors were gifted free
       | packs of Camel cigarettes at tobacco company booths and them upon
       | exiting the exhibit hall, were then immediately asked to indicate
       | their favorite brand or were asked which cigarette they carried
       | in their pocket.
       | 
       | It was a different time and people genuinely did not know the
       | harms of smoking like we do now, but this would be wrong to a
       | caveman from 10000 BC
        
         | jareds wrote:
         | I can't get to worked up about the way the surveys were
         | conducted since this was advertising. If R.J. Reynolds were
         | trying to publish peer reviewed papers based on there survey
         | results and excluded the fact that the doctors were given free
         | cigarettes that would be more of an issue. I'm sure much worse
         | stuff was done in an effort to hide the health effects of
         | smoking but it's not something I have familiarity with.
        
         | adamc wrote:
         | The ethical standards of advertising are obviously very, very
         | low.
        
           | lnxg33k1 wrote:
           | Much better now, to make you feel helpless, depressed,
           | lacking just to keep you consuming anything
           | 
           | Ethical standards are exactly the same, it's regulation that
           | is very different, let's not give credit to corporations that
           | they absolutely not deserve
        
         | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
         | I remember, in the 1980s, the American Heart Association never
         | listed tobacco as a contributor to heart disease. I'm pretty
         | sure that the tobacco industry figured highly, in their funding
         | sources.
         | 
         | These days, they are very adamant that tobacco is a big factor.
         | 
         | Also, I believe that a lot of stress research (the one that
         | created the "Type A personality") was funded by the tobacco
         | industry.
        
         | einpoklum wrote:
         | > It was a different time
         | 
         | Not that different.
         | 
         | > and people genuinely did not know the harms of smoking like
         | we do now
         | 
         | The tobacco companies knew very well. IIRC, the medical
         | community kinda-sorta knew and kinda-sorta suppressed the
         | knowledge.
        
         | marcus0x62 wrote:
         | > It was a different time and people genuinely did not know the
         | harms of smoking like we do now
         | 
         | My grandmother (born in 1928, started smoking at 13) said that,
         | growing up, people casually referred to cigarettes as "cancer
         | sticks".
        
       | Waterluvian wrote:
       | Ads back then had _so much copy_. What's with that? Was it easy
       | to command attention for that long because there wasn't much else
       | to do? No smart phone in the waiting room to compete with?
        
         | vel0city wrote:
         | I see magazines with _multi-page_ ads which read exactly like
         | articles but have additional labeling that they 're explicitly
         | ads written by the company instead of ads written by the
         | writers of the magazine. Often with slightly different styling.
         | 
         | This example magazine has a number of single page ads with a
         | good bit of copy in them. I'm trying to find an example
         | magazine with those multi-page ads at the moment though.
         | 
         | https://flickread.com/edition/html/676148065c1ba#1
        
           | aspenmayer wrote:
           | I think those style of ads are called advertorials, so that
           | might help you find them. Internet Archive has lots of
           | magazine scans.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advertorial
        
         | pier25 wrote:
         | No website to check the details of a product either
        
         | jdietrich wrote:
         | The people who are actually interested in your product will
         | generally want lots of information. Prior to the internet, how
         | did they actually get that information? Overwhelmingly, through
         | print advertising. If people who have no interest in your
         | product see the headline and turn the page before getting to
         | the body copy, that's no real loss; if people who are
         | interested in your product have questions that aren't answered
         | by the copy, that is potentially a very real loss.
        
           | f33d5173 wrote:
           | Usually the copy is entirely devoid of "information" per se.
           | It's a series of nice sounding but totally vacuous
           | statements.
        
         | warner25 wrote:
         | I suspect that there was little data to analyze how much
         | attention the ads were commanding back then.
         | 
         | I often think about how so many things now have been optimized
         | (mostly for profit) to the extreme by data-driven processes,
         | with big corporate marketing certainly being one of them.
         | 
         | Up until two or three decades ago, I suspect that it was all
         | based on tradition and the "gut feel" of out-of-touch and
         | arrogant executives talking to each other over drinks (thinking
         | of scenes from _Mad Men_ here).
        
           | sethammons wrote:
           | I took my marketing classes for my business degree in the
           | early 2000s. Digital marketing was not addressed. The advice
           | at the time was to get to six "impressions," six encounters
           | with your brand before most people would start to recognize
           | the brand. And it was very much admitted that you don't get
           | to measure this and you must correlate sales trends with
           | marketing trends. Very much "gut feel" in comparison of
           | digital tracking. I'm still not convinced the tracking makes
           | that big of a difference but obviously the market disagrees
           | with me.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | Digital tracking can be helpful as a proxy, but what
             | matters - and what big brands still measure - is how
             | marketing correlates to sales. Statistics can figure out a
             | lot of this, though the data is noisy.
        
         | B1FF_PSUVM wrote:
         | > No smart phone in the waiting room to compete with?
         | 
         | Yes. Sometimes it was a deliberate tactic - mostly adverts
         | would go for the 'just an evocative picture', but a few would
         | go the 'wall of text' route. My memory pops up the name Alan
         | Sugar for an example of those - really dense walls ...
        
         | carlosjobim wrote:
         | People with self respect will find it insulting if an
         | advertisement doesn't try to convince them with copy. In the
         | past, advertisers wanted to be careful to not insult their
         | prospective clients. Modern ads usually have an undertone of
         | "we despise you" towards their prospective clients. I guess
         | they figured out that it's better spent dollars to try to reach
         | people without self respect.
        
         | datavirtue wrote:
         | There would have been a stack of these magazines in every home
         | and each page would have been picked over several times.
         | 
         | When I was a child magazines were still very popular and I
         | would not rest until every last millimeter of each one was
         | examined in detail multiple times.
        
       | Hilift wrote:
       | The country was founded on tobacco. It was used as currency for
       | the first 150 years.
        
         | lcnPylGDnU4H9OF wrote:
         | If there's any truth to the pop culture trope of trading
         | cigarette cartons in prisons, it possibly never stopped being
         | used as currency.
        
           | bitmasher9 wrote:
           | It would be black market currency now. Most US jails and
           | prisons ban cigarettes.
        
           | failrate wrote:
           | Cigarettes have been replaced with sealed packets of fish.
        
         | kaonwarb wrote:
         | This is a bit broad. Tobacco was _very_ significant in Virginia
         | and Maryland (which, along with North Carolina, did use it as
         | money for a period--before the United States was an independent
         | nation [0]). Its influence outside of that region was
         | significant, but I wouldn 't characterize it as foundational.
         | 
         | [0] https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/dictionaries-
         | thesauruse...
        
       | aithrowawaycomm wrote:
       | It is interesting that these ads are particularly targeted at
       | women - maybe I am looking too much in to it, but I would guess
       | there was (is) a big gender disparity with tobacco health
       | concerns. These ads are quite different from the Marlboro Man -
       | "tough cigarettes for tough men."
        
         | janalsncm wrote:
         | One potential reason might be because these ads were in women's
         | magazines? I'm sure they advertised in men's magazines as well.
         | It would be interesting to compare.
        
           | magneticnorth wrote:
           | My understanding of this Stanford research group collection
           | is that it is all the ads (or all they are able to find) - I
           | don't think they were only collecting ads from women's
           | magazines.
           | 
           | If this ad campaign was mostly run in women's magazines, that
           | supports the same hypothesis - presumably camel was running a
           | different message to advertise toward men.
           | 
           | But I'm not actually able to tell from the pictures which
           | magazine the ad ran in - am I missing that somewhere?
        
             | whycome wrote:
             | Yeah the magazine name (and target) would be essential
             | context that should be preserved along with the images
             | themselves.
        
         | jdietrich wrote:
         | Marlboro was originally marketed to women under the slogan
         | "Mild as May", before being repositioned as a cigarette for men
         | in the 1950s.
         | 
         | https://tobacco.stanford.edu/cigarettes/light-super-ultra-li...
        
         | aliher1911 wrote:
         | You may want to search "Torches of Freedom" and go down that
         | rabbit hole.
        
           | ImHereToVote wrote:
           | The only reason you don't see "Torches of Freedom" now is
           | because PR has become infinitely more sophisticated. To the
           | extent that you create your own Torches of Freedom by your
           | own volition.
        
             | bn-l wrote:
             | Great point. I had a conversation with my sister on this
             | topic recently. Maybe women are realising.
        
         | dtgriscom wrote:
         | I think it's because so many men smoked that marketing to women
         | was a growth opportunity.
        
         | carlosjobim wrote:
         | Advertisements in general are usually targeted to women, still
         | today. They spend more and make the spending decisions if they
         | have a husband.
        
           | willcipriano wrote:
           | > 85% of all consumer purchases in the U.S. are made by
           | women.
           | 
           | https://www.mccormickfona.com/articles/2014/12/purchasing-
           | po...
        
       | ajayvk wrote:
       | The "Costlier Tobaccos" tag line looks strange now. Products
       | which want to show sophistication no longer promote the fact that
       | they are more expensive.
        
         | lIl-IIIl wrote:
         | I think they are saying that they are paying more to the
         | tobacco suppliers than their competitors - kind of like saying
         | "we use quality ingredients".
         | 
         | There was another ad where they put quotes from tobacco farmers
         | that said "nobody pays more for my tobacco than..."
        
         | Ekaros wrote:
         | I think modern term is "Premium". Which is more expensive than
         | standard. Maybe it is more indirect, but it is very often
         | there.
        
         | hagbard_c wrote:
         | In 60 years time it will look just as strange to see product
         | advertisements from today boasting '10% reduced CO2 impact' or
         | 'climate neutral'. I don't have a clue what they'll advertise
         | with by that time but I do know it will look strange to those
         | about half a century later. The advertising industry was never
         | about objective truth, always about subjective emotions and I
         | do not see that change other than advertising becoming ever
         | more targeted.
        
       | freedomben wrote:
       | I was recently listening to old Abbott & Costello radio shows
       | from 1946 and they were also heavily sponsored by Camel and
       | frequently played an audio ad of "more doctors smoke camels." I
       | got quite a kick out of it! They really ran hard with that
       | message.
        
         | aweiland wrote:
         | We used to get Abbott & Costello tapes out from the library for
         | long road trips in the 80s. To this day I still remember those
         | Camel ads.
        
           | freedomben wrote:
           | If you're interested in reliving those glory days, the heroes
           | & legends at OTRR[1] have done a phenomenal job at gathering
           | and fixing up the old audio. The actual files are on
           | archive.org[2]
           | 
           | [1] https://otrr.org/
           | 
           | [2] https://archive.org/details/OTRR_Certified_Abbot_and_Cost
           | ell...
        
         | whycome wrote:
         | Today, the message is brought to you by fanduel and bet365
        
           | austinprete wrote:
           | Hmm, which one do more doctors use?
        
       | paul7986 wrote:
       | What is the cigarettes of today that we later learn it's not good
       | for us or it does nothing ... recycling or drinking water from
       | plastic bottles?
        
         | munchler wrote:
         | Social media. I think many people already realize this, but it
         | hasn't yet hit a tipping point.
        
           | paul7986 wrote:
           | And AI but it's too new but maybe it will kill the Internet
           | (social media with it) as nothing you see starts to be truly
           | believable.
        
           | datavirtue wrote:
           | Visit a psych ward on a Friday night and let me know if it
           | hasn't hit a tipping point yet. My wife works with several
           | people who have kids that are cutting themselves and are in
           | and out of psych treatment and ERs.
        
           | harvodex wrote:
           | As an ex pack a day smoker, realizing it doesn't really
           | matter.
           | 
           | I knew the first cigarette I smoked was a cancer causing
           | terrible idea.
           | 
           | The reason I did was because I was young and most other
           | people I knew were doing the same thing. Same with social
           | media.
        
         | nicoburns wrote:
         | In terms of things that we allow to be advertised but probably
         | shouldn't: sodas, medical products, politicians.
        
         | t0bia_s wrote:
         | Covid vaccines, sugar, plant meat...
        
       | mttpgn wrote:
       | An excerpt from _How to Lie with Statistics_ by Darrell Huff
       | (1954):
       | 
       | > Take this one: "27 percent of a large sample of eminent
       | physicians smoke Throaties--more than any other brand." The
       | figure itself may be phony, of course, in any of several ways,
       | but that really doesn't make any difference. The only answer to a
       | figure so irrelevant is "So what?" With all proper respect toward
       | the medical profession, do doctors know any more about tobacco
       | brands than you do? Do they have any inside information that
       | permits them to choose the least harmful among cigarettes? Of
       | course they don't, and your doctor would be the first to say so.
       | Yet that "27 percent" somehow manages to sound as if it meant
       | something.
       | 
       | That book specifies many other examples (from this time period in
       | America) of misleading claims that sound statistically
       | significant upon an uncritical, cursory reading.
        
         | croemer wrote:
         | I think you don't mean "statistically significant" here, but
         | something like "relevant" instead. Something can be
         | statistically significant and entirely irrelevant if the effect
         | size is too small.
        
         | capnrefsmmat wrote:
         | Ironically, Huff was then hired by the tobacco industry to
         | write a book undermining the evidence that smoking causes
         | cancer. It was to be called _How to Lie with Smoking
         | Statistics_ , but never got published:
         | https://www.refsmmat.com/files/papers/huff.pdf
        
       | thedailymail wrote:
       | I never noticed this until scrolling through this image gallery,
       | but the design of these ads consistently and prominently
       | highlights the first letters of "More Doctors," which was almost
       | certainly intended to visually reinforce the M.D. association.
        
       | marcus0x62 wrote:
       | It's wild to see the ad copy promote the high cost of Camels
       | ("costlier tobacco".) I grew up fairly poor, but my dad always
       | had money for cigarettes and was a 2-3 pack a day smoker. Almost
       | always Camels. Occasionally Marlboros. In any case, I don't
       | remember them being marketed as a cigarette for people who wanted
       | to light more money on fire than their neighbors, but perhaps I
       | just didn't pick up on it as a kid.
       | 
       | During the early 90s, RJ Reynolds had a promotion called "Camel
       | Cash", where each pack of cigarettes came with a coupon that
       | could be redeemed for Camel merch (tshirts, beach towels, etc.)
       | Our car was covered in cigarette ash, a vaguely sticky layer of
       | tar, and stacks and stacks of Camel Cash. Most of the instrument
       | cluster was obscured by Camel Cash stacked in front of it. We
       | were Camel Cash millionaires.
        
         | B1FF_PSUVM wrote:
         | > high cost of Camels ("costlier tobacco".)
         | 
         | If memory serves, cigarette packs were priced fairly close to
         | each other. They were implying they did not skimp on the
         | quality of the source product (unlike the other brands'
         | thieving profiteers ;-)
        
           | marcus0x62 wrote:
           | There were definitely "expensive" cigarettes and "cheap"
           | cigarettes. It wasn't uncommon for my parents/their friends
           | to go back and forth between a few brands as their fortunes
           | changed.
        
             | bruce511 wrote:
             | I worked in a small kiosk in the late 80's. Most cigarettes
             | were the same price, but Camels were quite a bit more
             | expensive (25% or so as I recall.) Our target market was,
             | how shall I put it, price sensitive. The Camels weren't
             | terribly popular :)
        
               | datavirtue wrote:
               | They were also very strong and flavorful. Not something
               | that a lot of people could handle.
        
               | marcus0x62 wrote:
               | I remember Pall Mall and L&M as the cheaper brands. Maybe
               | they weren't in your area?
        
       | hackeraccount wrote:
       | The interesting thing to me is the argument that the ad was
       | confronting. That is that cigarettes are harmful one way or the
       | other - which despite there being at the time almost zero
       | evidence for apparently enough people thought that there was a
       | need to cloak a particular brand with the association to doctors
       | (who would presumably be smoking the "healthiest" cigarette).
       | 
       | More generally I'm all for evidence showing what's healthy - eat
       | some fruit and vegetables occasionally, get some exercise, don't
       | smoke, don't drink - but I don't think any of these things are
       | mysterious. Generally people have a good handle on what's good
       | and what's bad for them. Now, they don't always do it but that's
       | less to do with evidence then people seem to commonly suppose.
        
         | 331c8c71 wrote:
         | > Generally people have a good handle on what's good and what's
         | bad for them
         | 
         | Hard disagree, the cultural norms play a huge role and the
         | changes are slow. I'm like 95% sure the unabated addiction to
         | social media so prevalent nowadays will be regarded similarly
         | to how smoking and drinking is seen now.
         | 
         | We should be really extrapolating what we know about tobacco
         | now and the things they claimed in the past towards currently
         | relevant issues e.g. "Facebook papers"-type materials.
        
           | ANewFormation wrote:
           | Most people it seems so know social media is bad for them.
           | But people knowingly use many things that are bad for
           | themselves.
        
         | lolinder wrote:
         | > despite there being at the time almost zero evidence for
         | 
         | This isn't true--people had been connecting the dots for a few
         | decades by the time these ads were running [0], and right
         | around the start of the run (1940) was when strong evidence was
         | starting to get published:
         | 
         | > Scholars started noting the parallel rise in cigarette
         | consumption and lung cancer, and by the 1930s had begun to
         | investigate this relationship using the methods of case-control
         | epidemiology. Franz Hermann Muller at Cologne Hospital in 1939
         | published the first such study, comparing 86 lung cancer
         | 'cases' and a similar number of cancer-free controls. Muller
         | was able to show that people with lung cancer were far more
         | likely than non-cancer controls to have smoked, a fact
         | confirmed by Eberhard Schairer and Eric Schoniger at the
         | University of Jena in an even more ambitious study from 1943.
         | These German results were subsequently verified and amplified
         | by UK and American scholars: in 1950 alone, five separate
         | epidemiological studies were published, including papers by
         | Ernst Wynder and Evarts Graham in the USA and Richard Doll and
         | A Bradford Hill in England. All confirmed this growing
         | suspicion, that smokers of cigarettes were far more likely to
         | contract lung cancer than non-smokers.
         | 
         | So it's less a case of people intuiting what was bad for them
         | and more a case of the industry trying (and for a few decades
         | succeeding) to get ahead of a growing scientific consensus by
         | advertising it into irrelevance.
         | 
         | [0] https://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/21/2/87
        
           | forgetfreeman wrote:
           | Point of Order: tobacco smoke was suspected of being harmful
           | a couple centuries before the scientific method started to
           | catch up to the suspicion. King James I famously penned a
           | treatise against tobacco use in 1604 and slapped some
           | eyewatering taxes on it's importation.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Counterblaste_to_Tobacco
        
             | lolinder wrote:
             | That's true--lung cancer specifically was a concern that
             | was growing at the time, which is almost certainly the
             | impetus for this ad campaign--but you're right that it was
             | strongly questioned for a long time before that.
        
         | ANewFormation wrote:
         | I don't understand why you think there would have been 0
         | evidence. The countless respiratory illnesses associated with
         | smoking are readily obvious by taking even a small sample of
         | longterm smokers - a decent chunk of them will sound like
         | smokers, be occasionally hacking up a lung, and so on.
         | 
         | People obviously knew smoking was unhealthy, but chose to do so
         | anyhow. And companies naturally worked to trt to strengthen
         | that cognitive dissonance. Same thing today, but it's slightly
         | more subtle. For instance in a typical Coke ad you'll generally
         | see people that look nothing like regular Coke drinkers -
         | health, fitness, and good body weights abounds.
         | 
         | Ronaldo's Coke/water moment gave me a vast amount of respect
         | for him -
         | https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=x2ZLS1V3iMw&pp=ygUbUm9uYWxkbyd...
         | It's how the sort of people Coke gets to pose with their
         | product actually feel about it.
        
       | HankB99 wrote:
       | The T Zone
       | 
       | T is for Taste ... T is fore Throat
       | 
       | Just wow.
        
         | forgetfreeman wrote:
         | Oh but it gets so much worse:
         | https://tobacco.stanford.edu/cigarette/img0742/
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2025-01-09 23:01 UTC)