[HN Gopher] Collection: More Doctors Smoke Camels
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       Collection: More Doctors Smoke Camels
        
       Author : t0bia_s
       Score  : 42 points
       Date   : 2025-01-07 09:12 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (tobacco.stanford.edu)
 (TXT) w3m dump (tobacco.stanford.edu)
        
       | sparrish wrote:
       | And people wonder why others don't "trust the science".
        
         | krapp wrote:
         | Which science don't you trust, the science that once said
         | smoking is harmless or the science which currently says smoking
         | is harmful? Or do you cover all your bases and just not trust
         | science regardless?
        
           | renewiltord wrote:
           | One who believes in that line trusts neither, one imagines.
           | The thing that people often misunderstand about not trusting
           | something is that it is different from believing it is
           | guaranteed to be wrong. Not trusting something means that it
           | doesn't provide evidence. i.e. if you don't trust some source
           | X, and X provides some evidence X_A about some event A then
           | not trusting them means that P(A|X_A) ~= P(A) your prior
           | probability.
           | 
           | People often interpret the "I don't trust X" statement to be
           | "belief in the opposite", i.e. P(!A|X_A) = 1. This is
           | obviously stupid since someone you distrust could happily
           | manufacture evidence for !A and then you'd conclude
           | P(!!A|X_!A) = 1 so they could make you believe anything,
           | which is obviously not something you want someone you
           | distrust to do to you.
        
             | skygazer wrote:
             | I'm not sure that's correct in practice. The people that
             | harbor vocal distrust in agencies, professions, etc. really
             | do seem more apt to directly believe whatever is in
             | opposition to the "distrusted" message. While your proposal
             | remains a logical alternative to them, adoption seems
             | markedly low.
        
             | fullshark wrote:
             | Nah, they "believe" in that line when the science says
             | anything that contradicts their priors. When the science
             | says anything that confirms them they ingest and cite it
             | gladly.
        
           | janalsncm wrote:
           | It's a category error. "Science" doesn't have a pope. It
           | isn't whatever the latest scientist says. Science is a
           | process for figuring things out.
        
           | wahern wrote:
           | Was there ever any sustained science that claimed smoking was
           | harmless? AFAIU, smoking was considered by the general
           | population as not good for you health since at least the
           | early 20th century, and before then as at least a vice (as
           | was caffeine!). By mid century there was sustained scientific
           | output showing clear links to cancer, solidifying cigarettes
           | as an acute hazard to your health even if the scope and
           | magnitude of the harms were less than we know today. Tobacco
           | companies and their defenders countered this sentiment using
           | the same tools used today--dissembling, whataboutism, and
           | your basic FUD techniques. You can't look at ads promoting
           | cigarettes and assume most people accepted what they're
           | communicating at face value.
           | 
           | Anyhow, almost everybody knows today that, for example,
           | eating too much sugar is bad for you, but the majority of the
           | population still does it. That's how humans behave. Often
           | times people do something _because_ it 's bad, taboo, or
           | dangerous. And not everybody centers their lifestyle around
           | good health; some people are just trying to get through the
           | day. Today we still have doctors who smoke, dentists who
           | drink soda, etc, though those particular vices are less
           | popular than they once were. And let's not forget, while
           | cigarette smoking has been in free fall doctors have been
           | happily handing out prescriptions to smoke marijuana, even
           | though inhaling marijuana smoke is at least as harmful as
           | cigarettes (most people smoke it less frequently, but that's
           | beside the point). Just because something is accepted as
           | normal doesn't mean the harms are being outright denied.
        
           | jdietrich wrote:
           | "The science" never said that smoking is harmless. Concerns
           | were being raised as early as the 1930s and epidemiological
           | evidence had conclusively demonstrated the link between
           | tobacco smoking, lung cancer and cardiovascular disease by
           | the early 1950s. The tobacco industry pursued a relentless
           | campaign to cast doubt on that science, which was so
           | successful that even today people imagine that there was once
           | an actual controversy.
           | 
           | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2085438/
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Frank_Statement
        
             | ty6853 wrote:
             | The tobacco industry also shifted to the most deadly form,
             | cigarettes. Casual low use cigar smokers that don't inhale
             | ( proper way to smoke cigar ) iirc have lower lung cancer
             | and higher life expectancy than non smokers. Pipes and
             | cigar were generally better especially when used in
             | moderation even against moderate cigarette smoking.
             | 
             | Although generally the US just has bad tobacco habits.
             | 'European' style smoking of a cigarette with coffee a
             | couple times a week likely will kill you slower than
             | whatever was going to get you like cooking and eating smoky
             | grilled meats.
        
         | Eric_WVGG wrote:
         | It's kind of a "tell", right? On the face of things, it would
         | make just as much sense to say "More software devs smoke Camels
         | than any other cigarette." You wouldn't call out "doctors"
         | unless everyone knew this was unhealthy.
        
         | awnird wrote:
         | You are confusing science with ad copy.
        
           | adamc wrote:
           | No, but the post implies a belief that many people will
           | confuse the two. And it might be right.
        
           | ajsnigrutin wrote:
           | There was a lot of science paid by big tobacco (and big sugar
           | and many others like hydrogenated fats), that then turned
           | into ads.
        
         | exe34 wrote:
         | the antidote to bad science has always been more science by
         | independent experts.
         | 
         | what else would you suggest?
        
           | ajsnigrutin wrote:
           | He was pointing out the hypocrisy in "trust the science"
           | buzzwords used during the pandemic. Science is based on
           | skepticism, not "trust", and being a skeptic back then was
           | somehow considered censorship-worthy.
           | 
           | edit: because i'm being rate-limited, i'm refering to stuff
           | like this:
           | 
           | https://web.archive.org/web/20210402002315/https://www.msnbc.
           | ..
           | 
           | > And we have -- we can kind of almost see the end. We`re
           | vaccinating so very fast, our data from the CDC today
           | suggests, you know, that vaccinated people do not carry the
           | virus, don`t get sick, and that it`s not just in the clinical
           | trials but it`s also in real world data.
           | 
           | Hey, the media, the CDC, "the science" says that if you're
           | vaccinated, you're safe, you won't infect your
           | immunocompromised grandma, you won't get sick, you won't
           | spread covid. I mean... don't be a skeptic, "trust" them.
        
             | exe34 wrote:
             | no, the skepticism is for people who understand what they
             | are being skeptical about. if you have a degree in
             | chemistry and you disagree with one other chemist, I'd have
             | to listen to both of you and try to make up my own mind. if
             | you disagree with 99% of chemists, then I'm not ingesting
             | what you suggest nor avoiding what they recommend.
             | 
             | you don't get to point to Facebook posts by uncle Rob who
             | reposts crackpot ideas 24/7 and call that "a controversy".
             | there is such a thing as being wrong.
        
             | wewtyflakes wrote:
             | There seemed to be a lot of loud, bad-faith, antagonists in
             | that era that likely ended up killing a lot of people.
             | Things like drinking bleach, using de-wormer, don't get
             | vaccines, masks are bad for you, etc... It was exhausting
             | to hear because it got a whole big group of people to
             | cosplay domain experts and the rest of us had to deal with
             | the fallout of millions dying.
        
               | ajsnigrutin wrote:
               | Sure, there are nutjobs everywhere, but contrary to
               | principles of science, _everyone_ was told to  "trust the
               | science".
               | 
               | Not "be skeptical, verify, repeat, etc.", but "trust"....
               | you shouldn't have to blidndly trust science, that's
               | reserved for nutjobs speaking to god by yelling into a
               | hat, where there's no way to verify.
               | 
               | Many people also got vaccinated because the science
               | mentioned 94% (or whatever) effciveness against covid
               | infections, about preventing spread, and guess what,
               | trusting that killed immunocompromised grandma too.
        
         | mulmen wrote:
         | Assertion: a tobacco company used misleading marketing
         | practices.
         | 
         | Conclusion: science is a lie.
        
       | aprilthird2021 wrote:
       | > In an attempt to substantiate the "More Doctors" claim, R.J.
       | Reynolds paid for surveys to be conducted during medical
       | conventions using two survey methods: Doctors were gifted free
       | packs of Camel cigarettes at tobacco company booths and them upon
       | exiting the exhibit hall, were then immediately asked to indicate
       | their favorite brand or were asked which cigarette they carried
       | in their pocket.
       | 
       | It was a different time and people genuinely did not know the
       | harms of smoking like we do now, but this would be wrong to a
       | caveman from 10000 BC
        
         | jareds wrote:
         | I can't get to worked up about the way the surveys were
         | conducted since this was advertising. If R.J. Reynolds were
         | trying to publish peer reviewed papers based on there survey
         | results and excluded the fact that the doctors were given free
         | cigarettes that would be more of an issue. I'm sure much worse
         | stuff was done in an effort to hide the health effects of
         | smoking but it's not something I have familiarity with.
        
         | adamc wrote:
         | The ethical standards of advertising are obviously very, very
         | low.
        
         | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
         | I remember, in the 1980s, the American Heart Association never
         | listed tobacco as a contributor to heart disease. I'm pretty
         | sure that the tobacco industry figured highly, in their funding
         | sources.
         | 
         | These days, they are very adamant that tobacco is a big factor.
         | 
         | Also, I believe that a lot of stress research (the one that
         | created the "Type A personality") was funded by the tobacco
         | industry.
        
         | einpoklum wrote:
         | > It was a different time
         | 
         | Not that different.
         | 
         | > and people genuinely did not know the harms of smoking like
         | we do now
         | 
         | The tobacco companies knew very well. IIRC, the medical
         | community kinda-sorta knew and kinda-sorta suppressed the
         | knowledge.
        
       | Waterluvian wrote:
       | Ads back then had _so much copy_. What's with that? Was it easy
       | to command attention for that long because there wasn't much else
       | to do? No smart phone in the waiting room to compete with?
        
         | vel0city wrote:
         | I see magazines with _multi-page_ ads which read exactly like
         | articles but have additional labeling that they 're explicitly
         | ads written by the company instead of ads written by the
         | writers of the magazine. Often with slightly different styling.
         | 
         | This example magazine has a number of single page ads with a
         | good bit of copy in them. I'm trying to find an example
         | magazine with those multi-page ads at the moment though.
         | 
         | https://flickread.com/edition/html/676148065c1ba#1
        
           | aspenmayer wrote:
           | I think those style of ads are called advertorials, so that
           | might help you find them. Internet Archive has lots of
           | magazine scans.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advertorial
        
         | pier25 wrote:
         | No website to check the details of a product either
        
         | jdietrich wrote:
         | The people who are actually interested in your product will
         | generally want lots of information. Prior to the internet, how
         | did they actually get that information? Overwhelmingly, through
         | print advertising. If people who have no interest in your
         | product see the headline and turn the page before getting to
         | the body copy, that's no real loss; if people who are
         | interested in your product have questions that aren't answered
         | by the copy, that is potentially a very real loss.
        
         | warner25 wrote:
         | I suspect that there was little data to analyze how much
         | attention the ads were commanding back then.
         | 
         | I often think about how so many things now have been optimized
         | (mostly for profit) to the extreme by data-driven processes,
         | with big corporate marketing certainly being one of them.
         | 
         | Up until two or three decades ago, I suspect that it was all
         | based on tradition and the "gut feel" of out-of-touch and
         | arrogant executives talking to each other over drinks (thinking
         | of scenes from _Mad Men_ here).
        
       | Hilift wrote:
       | The country was founded on tobacco. It was used as currency for
       | the first 150 years.
        
         | lcnPylGDnU4H9OF wrote:
         | If there's any truth to the pop culture trope of trading
         | cigarette cartons in prisons, it possibly never stopped being
         | used as currency.
        
           | bitmasher9 wrote:
           | It would be black market currency now. Most US jails and
           | prisons ban cigarettes.
        
         | kaonwarb wrote:
         | This is a bit broad. Tobacco was _very_ significant in Virginia
         | and Maryland (which, along with North Carolina, did use it as
         | money for a period--before the United States was an independent
         | nation [0]). Its influence outside of that region was
         | significant, but I wouldn 't characterize it as foundational.
         | 
         | [0] https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/dictionaries-
         | thesauruse...
        
       | aithrowawaycomm wrote:
       | It is interesting that these ads are particularly targeted at
       | women - maybe I am looking too much in to it, but I would guess
       | there was (is) a big gender disparity with tobacco health
       | concerns. These ads are quite different from the Marlboro Man -
       | "tough cigarettes for tough men."
        
         | janalsncm wrote:
         | One potential reason might be because these ads were in women's
         | magazines? I'm sure they advertised in men's magazines as well.
         | It would be interesting to compare.
        
         | jdietrich wrote:
         | Marlboro was originally marketed to women under the slogan
         | "Mild as May", before being repositioned as a cigarette for men
         | in the 1950s.
         | 
         | https://tobacco.stanford.edu/cigarettes/light-super-ultra-li...
        
         | aliher1911 wrote:
         | You may want to search "Torches of Freedom" and go down that
         | rabbit hole.
        
       | ajayvk wrote:
       | The "Costlier Tobaccos" tag line looks strange now. Products
       | which want to show sophistication no longer promote the fact that
       | they are more expensive.
        
       | freedomben wrote:
       | I was recently listening to old Abbott & Costello radio shows
       | from 1946 and they were also heavily sponsored by Camel and
       | frequently played an audio ad of "more doctors smoke camels." I
       | got quite a kick out of it! They really ran hard with that
       | message.
        
       | paul7986 wrote:
       | What is the cigarettes of today that we later learn it's not good
       | for us or it does nothing ... recycling or drinking water from
       | plastic bottles?
        
         | munchler wrote:
         | Social media. I think many people already realize this, but it
         | hasn't yet hit a tipping point.
        
       | boomboomsubban wrote:
       | https://tobacco.stanford.edu/
       | 
       | Several other collections are interesting though somewhat
       | strange. Like Pepsi used to make similar ads.
        
       | mttpgn wrote:
       | An excerpt from _How to Lie with Statistics_ by Darrell Huff
       | (1954):
       | 
       | > Take this one: "27 percent of a large sample of eminent
       | physicians smoke Throaties--more than any other brand." The
       | figure itself may be phony, of course, in any of several ways,
       | but that really doesn't make any difference. The only answer to a
       | figure so irrelevant is "So what?" With all proper respect toward
       | the medical profession, do doctors know any more about tobacco
       | brands than you do? Do they have any inside information that
       | permits them to choose the least harmful among cigarettes? Of
       | course they don't, and your doctor would be the first to say so.
       | Yet that "27 percent" somehow manages to sound as if it meant
       | something.
       | 
       | That book specifies many other examples (from this time period in
       | America) of misleading claims that sound statistically
       | significant upon an uncritical, cursory reading.
        
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