[HN Gopher] All clocks are 30 seconds late
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       All clocks are 30 seconds late
        
       Author : fouronnes3
       Score  : 353 points
       Date   : 2025-01-06 17:40 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (victorpoughon.fr)
 (TXT) w3m dump (victorpoughon.fr)
        
       | idunnoman1222 wrote:
       | Except analog clocks, remember those?
        
         | jgrahamc wrote:
         | Yes. My Casio on my wrist has a minute hand that creeps slowly
         | from minute to minute.
        
         | Bootvis wrote:
         | The article does have a picture of an analog clock (The Big
         | Ben) I think. The problem is not analog but showing seconds or
         | not.
        
           | cortesoft wrote:
           | Depends if the analog clock "ticks" on the minute or if it
           | does a constant movement during the minute.
        
           | serviceberry wrote:
           | Not really. A mechanical analog clock will typically have
           | smooth motion, so 30 seconds into a minute, the minute hand
           | will be halfway between two values.
           | 
           | Most quartz watches with analog displays work the same. I
           | don't know about Big Ben, but it's possible the author is
           | wrong about that example.
        
           | stvswn wrote:
           | I don't think so, because the sweeping motion of minute hand
           | is effectively continuous rather than discrete, so there's no
           | truncation. At 4:53:30 the minute hand will be correctly in
           | between 4:53 and 4:54, if one (like the author) cares about
           | such precision.
        
           | tialaramex wrote:
           | Technically Big Ben is the bell, the clock has typically been
           | referred to as the Great Clock because that's sufficient
           | explanation of what you meant. The tower, which like the
           | clock is often referred to just as "Big Ben" colloquially,
           | was formally named "Elizabeth Tower" in honour of the late
           | Queen some years ago.
        
       | fortran77 wrote:
       | On a larger analog clock, you can clearly see the minute hand
       | progress from one minute mark to another.
        
         | geocar wrote:
         | It doesn't have to be large: My wristwatch does it.
        
           | scarby2 wrote:
           | i don't think the above comment is saying it has to be large,
           | just that it's less obvious on a smaller clock
        
       | frenchie4111 wrote:
       | What about ages?
        
         | scarby2 wrote:
         | i vote we move to the korean system where everyone gets a year
         | older on January 1st
        
           | grodriguez100 wrote:
           | That was a fun one but I think they changed it already.
           | 
           | https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-66028606.amp
        
       | epcoa wrote:
       | The fallacy is it's a leap from logic to go from "average error
       | is x" is the same as "is x late". Seeing the exact transition is
       | often if not more useful than minimizing average displayed error.
        
       | hartator wrote:
       | Interesting take!
       | 
       | Both of your pic examples are wrong though. That digital clock
       | does show seconds and the London clock has its minute hand in
       | between minute mark - showing progres between minute mark if you
       | look closely. This is the same for all analogue clocks.
        
         | crgk wrote:
         | I'm ready for the rebuttal post: "different clocks have
         | different approaches to conveying information about seconds
         | within a minute" which uses the same photos as examples.
        
         | fouronnes3 wrote:
         | No my digital clock doesn't show seconds. As for the london
         | one, I was actually wondering about that! I know it depends,
         | because some analog clocks work like digital one and snap to
         | the next minute by discrete increments.
        
           | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
           | All escapement driven clocks are discrete.
        
             | michaelcampbell wrote:
             | Pedantically, only above second granularities. They're
             | continuous between second hand sweep movements at subsecond
             | ones, no? I mean, there's no point on the watch that the
             | second hand doesn't "hit" at some point, however small.
             | 
             | Or am I wrong that "intermittent, jerky, continuity is
             | still continuity"?
        
               | DiggyJohnson wrote:
               | Well it depends on the interval. Taken to the limit, this
               | would be a very nerdy way to rediscover calculus.
        
             | donkers wrote:
             | This is true unless you look at something like a Seiko
             | Spring Drive, which has a completely smooth second hand
             | sweep, although it's not entirely mechanical (and maybe
             | only watch nerds care about this)
             | 
             | https://www.hodinkee.com/articles/does-spring-drive-have-
             | an-...
        
           | undersuit wrote:
           | Analog Clock movements with second hands! The seconds hand is
           | rarely smooth, we want the tick, but the minute hand and hour
           | hands are smooth.
        
             | TeMPOraL wrote:
             | Except those of us (like my SO) who are bothered by the
             | ticking sound at the edge of audibility, and prefer smooth
             | seconds motion.
        
             | timw4mail wrote:
             | Unless it's an old AC-motor clock
        
           | necovek wrote:
           | Most analog (really, with a geared mechanism) clocks do not
           | "snap" on exact minutes but slowly drive toward them (because
           | that's simpler and thus cheaper).
        
         | tavavex wrote:
         | Not all analogue clocks smoothly move the minute hand to show
         | progress in the current minute. Many of them tick over,
         | truncating the information to the minute like what digital
         | clocks do.
        
           | michaelcampbell wrote:
           | Maybe; I think of analog clocks as ones with an analog,
           | continuous mechanism. As such they happen to use a sweep hand
           | display.
           | 
           | Quartz and the like CAN also use non-digital displays, but I
           | wouldn't consider them analog timekeepers.
        
             | lupire wrote:
             | Quartz is an analog mechanism like a pendulum. It doesn't
             | stop at each cycle.
        
               | BenjiWiebe wrote:
               | Quartz is an analog mechanism, but AFAIK it's always
               | read/used digitally.
        
               | perryizgr8 wrote:
               | No. Most analog wrist watches use a quartz mechanism.
        
               | itishappy wrote:
               | The output of the quartz oscillator is a high frequency
               | electrical signal which is read by a digital frequency
               | divider then fed back into a motor.
               | 
               | > The data line output from such a quartz resonator goes
               | high and low 32768 times a second. This is fed into a
               | flip-flop (which is essentially two transistors with a
               | bit of cross-connection) which changes from low to high,
               | or vice versa, whenever the line from the crystal goes
               | from high to low. The output from that is fed into a
               | second flip-flop, and so on through a chain of 15 flip-
               | flops, each of which acts as an effective power of 2
               | frequency divider by dividing the frequency of the input
               | signal by 2. The result is a 15-bit binary digital
               | counter driven by the frequency that will overflow once
               | per second, creating a digital pulse once per second.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartz_clock
        
               | zokier wrote:
               | Almost every clock based on mechanical escapement stops
               | hands on each beat. That is where the ticking noise of
               | classic mechanical movement comes from. For quartz
               | clocks, smooth sweeping hands is a premium feature and
               | I'm not sure are even those truly continuous motion or
               | just higher frequency.
        
               | dredmorbius wrote:
               | Quartz crystals are inherently _digital_ , where the
               | quartz crystal itself oscilates at a stable rate, 32,768
               | Hz in most timepieces.
               | 
               | That's counted by a digital accumulator, and a one-second
               | advance occurs every 32,768 cycles.
               | 
               | The _display_ of a quartz timepiece may be digital (as in
               | a liquid crystal display, or any other discrete display),
               | or analogue, as with a watch or clock with hands. But the
               | underlying _timekeeping_ is digital at its heart.
               | 
               | (One _might_ make a similar argument for a pendulum- or
               | spring-driven clock mechanism, with discrete periodic
               | movements, or for an hourglass (discrete sand particles
               | flowing through an orifice) though the more variable
               | physical process tends to argue against this.)
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | There is very little that is "digital" about the crystal
               | itself. Tuned oscillation is analog.
               | 
               | The accumulator attached to it is digital, but it only
               | has to be that way because it's so hard to make gears
               | that tiny. If quartz was slower you could use the signal
               | to directly drive a gear and have nothing digital in the
               | entire timepiece.
        
               | dredmorbius wrote:
               | Digital in the sense that there's a set of discrete
               | countable events.
               | 
               | Contrast with several other timekeeping systems: water
               | clocks, hourglasses (sand glasses), sundials or
               | astronomical observations (ultimately the definitive
               | reference), in which periodic processes or entropic
               | gradients serve as _analogues_ to the passage of time.
               | 
               | Modern atomic clocks are also to my mind inherently
               | _digital_ or _quantum_ , where counts of discrete events
               | are tallied.
               | 
               | The discussion of DAC/ADC conversion process has some
               | merits, but to me, thinking of ideas as interfaces, and
               | as models of reality, "digital" fits far better than
               | "analogue" in this case. Particularly as you'll find that
               | same DAC/ADC process in what we _manifestly_ call digital
               | computers or digital memory /storage systems, where some
               | other-than-discretely-varying signal is nonetheless
               | abstracted to 1s and 0s.
               | 
               | As occurs when tallying quartz crystal oscillations in a
               | timepiece.
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | That defines any clockwork clock as digital rather than
               | analog and I think at that point the definition you're
               | using needs to be rejected.
        
               | NobodyNada wrote:
               | The quartz crystal _itself_ is an analog component which
               | resonates at some specific frequency. The crystal is
               | placed within a feedback circuit to create a stable,
               | sinusoidal oscillation; the analog sinusoid is then
               | converted into digital pulses to be counted.
               | 
               | It's the same principle as a "pendulum- or spring-driven
               | clock mechanism, with discrete periodic movements"; just
               | on a microscopic scale -- you're taking an analog
               | physical system which naturally resonates at some
               | specific frequency, and then converting the continuous
               | motion of the system into discrete pulses.
        
               | thih9 wrote:
               | While automatic quartz watches do exist[1], "generally,
               | some form of digital logic counts the cycles of this
               | signal"[2], to the point of becoming a synonym.
               | 
               | [1]: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic_quartz
               | 
               | [2]: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartz_clock
        
           | BenjiWiebe wrote:
           | I have never seen a round clock with hands that ticks over a
           | minute! And I look at clocks. Most that have second hands
           | tick over seconds, though.
           | 
           | Where do you live?
        
             | aidenn0 wrote:
             | In movies when the villain has placed the hero in the
             | mechanism of a clock-tower, the minute hand seems to always
             | tick over a minute. I don't recall ever seeing it in real-
             | life, but I don't look at clocks in clock-towers that
             | often.
        
             | perryizgr8 wrote:
             | I see these clocks often in railway stations (I live in
             | India). There is no seconds hand. The minute and hour hands
             | move in clicks, not smoothly like most clocks.
        
               | seabass-labrax wrote:
               | The clocks in German railway stations have second hands
               | which 'click'. It's particulary fun how the seconds hand
               | runs slightly fast so that it can pause on the minute,
               | waiting momentarily for a synchronization pulse:
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wMSBJzN35u0
               | 
               | Swiss stations are similar but have contiuously moving
               | second hands. I could have sworn this clock
               | characteristic was indeed called 'Swiss motion' but I
               | can't find any such reference on the Web...
        
             | Kirby64 wrote:
             | There's some very neat designs that only tick the minute
             | hand once per minute, as it's significantly more power
             | efficient to do so. You just power the hand once per
             | minute, as opposed to continuously driving the hand in
             | small increments.
        
             | JonathonW wrote:
             | I have a round analog clock with a particularly strange
             | arrangement: it has a second hand (that ticks every
             | second), _and_ it has a minute hand that only moves every
             | fifteen seconds.
             | 
             | (It's a radio-controlled clock: it has the second and
             | minute hand on separate motors presumably because syncing
             | to the actual time if there were only a motor for the
             | second hand like a conventional analog clock would take too
             | long (and probably make determining position more
             | complicated). There is no independent motor for the hour
             | hand, so it does have to roll the minute hand around to
             | move that one.)
        
         | roywiggins wrote:
         | Vaguely related: I don't think people are being taught how to
         | read analog clock faces nearly as much anymore, and apparently
         | phrases like "quarter past ten" are becoming, so to speak,
         | anachronisms.
        
           | marpstar wrote:
           | a "quarter" means 1/4th -- it's a "quarter" turn of rotation
           | on a physical clock, but 60/4 is always 15.
           | 
           | or were you making the distinction between "quarter past" and
           | "quarter after", because I'd agree that the former is a lot
           | less common.
        
             | roywiggins wrote:
             | I'm not sure, but either way, "it's a quarter past 6" has
             | gotten me blank stares.
        
               | 1718627440 wrote:
               | In Germany, that would be quarter 7, which means either
               | the quarter in the 7th hour or the 7th time that a
               | quarter has passed since the hour, which is of course
               | that same. (Unless you are in a part, that got conquered
               | by the US after 2WW, which now uses "English time".)
        
           | dmd wrote:
           | Public schools here in suburban Boston MA still teach analog
           | first.
        
             | ta1243 wrote:
             | Don't kids know how to tell the time before they go to
             | school?
        
               | dmd wrote:
               | Mine did. Most don't.
        
             | aidenn0 wrote:
             | So do the public schools here, and we have 3 analog clocks
             | in my house, but 3/4 of my children cannot read an analog
             | clock, and 2/4 of them do not understand me when I say
             | "quarter past" or "quarter to" no matter how many times I
             | explain it.
        
           | doubled112 wrote:
           | Also vaguely related, I've come to realize some people find
           | metric measurements easier than feet and inches.
           | 
           | I find the fractions simpler. Need a half of that half? Just
           | double the denominator.
           | 
           | My wife would seemingly rather keep counting .1 centimeters.
           | 
           | The same applies with clocks. It's easier for me to rough out
           | how long I have if I just chop the face into fractions vs
           | mental arithmetic, as brutal as that sounds. What do you mean
           | this guy can't divide 30 in half?
        
             | BlueTemplar wrote:
             | Romans were using both : "metric/decimal" for numbers, but
             | "imperial/dozenal" for fractions :
             | 
             | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_abacus
             | 
             | (Base 12x5=60 was of course used by their Babylonian
             | predecessors.)
        
             | dredmorbius wrote:
             | If only we were a species with six fingers per hand.
        
           | lupire wrote:
           | Technology Connections did it:
           | 
           | https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=NeopkvAP-ag
           | 
           | Bonus on analog vs digital mechanism in flip clocks:
           | 
           | https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=ZArBfxaPzD8
        
           | Suppafly wrote:
           | The only one that I know of as being an anachronism is saying
           | "quarter of" or similar. At one point people decided that
           | 'of' meant 'to' and after a while we forgot that because it
           | was stupid. People still say quarter past though.
        
             | aidenn0 wrote:
             | My teenage daughter needs me to explain it to her every
             | time I say either "quarter past" or "quarter to"
        
               | Suppafly wrote:
               | past and to are pretty self explanatory if you know
               | English at all.
        
           | dboreham wrote:
           | This is regional. US never used quarters afaik.
        
             | scrozier wrote:
             | Oh yes, I grew saying "quarter past four." Probably don't
             | anymore, but it was definitely in the vernacular in the US
             | in years past.
        
             | Gormo wrote:
             | What do you mean? People in the US routinely use "quarter
             | after" and "quarter to" when telling time.
        
             | JohnBooty wrote:
             | I've only ever lived in NE USA, but I have traveled, and I
             | definitely don't think it's regional.
             | 
             | Generational though, sure.
        
           | Gormo wrote:
           | But 15 minutes is a quarter of an hour regardless of whether
           | you are using an analog or a digital clock to read the time.
        
             | dredmorbius wrote:
             | The spatial representation on an analogue clockface is far
             | more evident. Each 15 minute interval sweeps out a quarter
             | of the face with the minute hand.
        
         | PeterCorless wrote:
         | Yes. Though analog second hands often "tick" the seconds. (Some
         | move the second hand smoothly.)
        
         | adamanonymous wrote:
         | This is why analog clocks are superior to digital
        
         | RIMR wrote:
         | >That digital clock does show seconds
         | 
         | It most certainly does not.
         | 
         | I see HH:MM, temperature in Celsius, humidity in percent, alarm
         | status, alarm time, day of the week, and DD/MM. None of those
         | are seconds. It is a truncating digital clock that rounds down.
         | 
         | >the London clock has its minute hand in between minute mark -
         | showing progres between minute mark if you look closely.
         | 
         | "If you look closely" isn't really how analog clocks work in
         | practice. Without a second hand, the limits of human vision
         | prevent us from fully calculating the time between minutes, as
         | each second only represents a 0.1deg change in angle of the
         | minute hand, and most mechanical analog clocks aren't designed
         | for the minute hand to move perfectly linearly between minutes.
        
         | throwaway519 wrote:
         | I feel you're missing the elephant in the room with the clock
         | observation:
         | 
         | Time is a cube, not a cuboid.
        
       | nelsondev wrote:
       | Perhaps we could retitle the link, as it stands a bit click-
       | baity.
       | 
       | Perhaps, average error of clocks is 30 seconds higher because
       | minutes use .floor() nor .round()
        
         | tommi wrote:
         | The whole post feels like nonsense.
        
           | taco_emoji wrote:
           | It is. It's just taking something obvious and
           | recontextualizing in language that sounds like a Mysterious
           | Conspiracy when it's really just a banal truth we all take
           | for granted because all the other options make less sense.
           | Like using tau over pi in geometry.
        
         | benatkin wrote:
         | I like to think of it as TRUNC
        
           | zazaulola wrote:
           | For positive numbers, both the FLOOR() and TRUNC() functions
           | return the same values
        
             | benatkin wrote:
             | And for negative numbers it's CEIL()!
             | 
             | And in SQL Server, ROUND() with a nonzero number for the
             | third parameter for truncate, and CELING() for ceiling.
        
         | add-sub-mul-div wrote:
         | This hall monitor mentality in every comments section is more
         | annoying than titles ever are.
        
       | ainiriand wrote:
       | Somehow I do not think that the Big Ben transitions the minute`s
       | hand by using the floor function from Python.
        
         | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
         | But neither is it continuous. It ticks. The mechanism might be
         | made from iron, but a part of it is not unlike a floor
         | function.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escapement
        
       | philip1209 wrote:
       | Perhaps, to be more precise, "How should clocks without a second-
       | hand round?"
        
       | qianli_cs wrote:
       | I think truncating down allows us to procrastinate a little more
       | :)
        
       | jakebasile wrote:
       | The article is claiming that clocks that only show time truncated
       | to a minute are off by an average of 30 seconds, which just isn't
       | true in practice. When I say or hear 11:30, I assume it can be
       | within 11:30:00 and 11:30:59. Humans rarely need accuracy to the
       | second beyond this, so clocks intended to be used by humans
       | truncate to the minute without causing problems. To say they are
       | "late" is a real leap.
       | 
       | I mean, you can reduce this to absurdity too. A clock truncating
       | to seconds is off by an average of 500 milliseconds! The problem
       | is no one cares in day to day usage which is what human readable
       | clocks are made for.
        
         | necovek wrote:
         | > When I say or hear 11:30, I assume it can be within 11:30:00
         | and 11:30:59.
         | 
         | And if you cared about seconds-precision, you would assume
         | 11:30:30, and thus your error would average the same 15s.
         | 
         | The difference is that when you observe a minute change, you
         | know that's exactly at zero seconds (instead of 30 -- or 31 if
         | you apply the same rounding rule to seconds).
         | 
         | It is fair to ask a question if rounding would be more useful
         | (nope), but the entire article is incoherent and speaks mostly
         | of the author's confusion.
        
       | glitchc wrote:
       | So this is not about _all_ clocks but more about _all clocks that
       | do not show seconds_. In that case, sure.
        
       | Someone wrote:
       | FTA: All the above clocks have one thing in common: they don't
       | show seconds
       | 
       | One of those clocks is Big Ben in London.
       | http://www.bigben.freeservers.com/clocmech.html:
       | 
       |  _"Drive to the hands is by an oblique shaft which drives bevel
       | gears positioned centrally on a gantry above the clock, with four
       | shafts running out to each dial. Because there is no remontoire
       | the hands on the dials advance by 2 seconds every two seconds,
       | i.e. at every swing of the pendulum"_
       | 
       | = if you look close enough, you can read the time at intervals of
       | two seconds.
        
       | keskival wrote:
       | It's not really about flooring or rounding, but whether one
       | thinks of time indices as ranges or moments.
       | 
       | Days, as the author points out, are though of with "flooring",
       | but more accurately it could be said that a date is thought of as
       | a range between the times belonging to the date.
       | 
       | Minutes one can consider as ranges or time indices. There the
       | error comes, in switching the interpretation of a start of a
       | duration to an actual estimate of a point of time index.
        
         | ASalazarMX wrote:
         | A minute is an insignificant period for most daily tasks, so
         | the convention "show me when the minute changes" is simple and
         | pragmatic. If your task needs precise count of seconds, you get
         | a clock that shows when the second changes, and now you are
         | half a second late on average.
         | 
         | You can keep playing with increasingly smaller time units until
         | you conclude, like Zeno's arrow paradox, that you're always
         | infinitely late.
        
           | msm_ wrote:
           | Pointless remark about myself, but I always set my phone's
           | clock to second precision (I think this setting is hidden
           | somewhere, or even needs a third-party app to unlock), and I
           | am annoyed there's no way to do this on the lockscreen. How
           | is it possible that nobody else (apparently) wants it, and
           | it's not the Android default? Why would I want a clock that
           | is, on average, a half minute off?
        
             | ploynog wrote:
             | > Why would I want a clock that is, on average, a half
             | minute off?
             | 
             | Because in 99.9% of the cases I don't care about the
             | seconds, it takes away space in the top status bar, and the
             | constant changing of seconds in the top-left corner of the
             | screen is distracting. And for the remaining 0.1% of cases,
             | there is the clock app that shows seconds.
             | 
             | What benefit do you gain in daily life by having the time
             | down to the second? The argument "so it's not half a minute
             | off on average" seems a bit self-referential.
        
               | iggldiggl wrote:
               | > What benefit do you gain in daily life by having the
               | time down to the second?
               | 
               | I commute by public transport and am sometimes cutting it
               | fine, so knowing whether it is hh:mm:05 or hh:mm:55 does
               | make a difference in how much I have to hurry up
               | sometimes.
        
             | iggldiggl wrote:
             | > and I am annoyed there's no way to do this on the
             | lockscreen
             | 
             | With some OEMs there is (personally I know that current-ish
             | Sony phones offer a corresponding option), but yeah, it is
             | a bit annoying that that isn't universal... part of the
             | reason I still carry a regular watch.
        
         | derbOac wrote:
         | I think that's about right.
         | 
         | Another way of thinking about this is that the author is
         | confusing time as measurement (how much time) with time as rule
         | (what time is it). If you wanted to measure the duration as a
         | difference in clock times, yes, there would be a certain amount
         | of measurement error incurred by the way clocks are displayed.
         | But if you want to know the time, in the sense of whether a
         | certain time has been reached, or a certain graduation has been
         | crossed, it doesn't make sense to round to the nearest minute.
         | 
         | The question of "how much is this clock off?" is only
         | meaningful with reference to a certain use or interpretation of
         | the numbers being displayed. If you say it's "8:56" people know
         | it could be anything up to but not including 8:57, but greater
         | than or equal to 8:56. The number means a threshold in time,
         | not a quantity.
        
       | benatkin wrote:
       | I can imagine a 20 and a half year old in the US arguing this
       | logic when fighting an underage drinking charge.
        
         | chatmasta wrote:
         | Drivers licenses would be more accurate if they showed place of
         | birth. Maybe the kid grows up to move to an eastern timezone
         | and is accused of drinking a few hours early!
        
       | hammock wrote:
       | I use a certain trick a lot when cooking, or timing anything with
       | precision of a several minutes:
       | 
       | 0) Suppose I am steaming vegetables for 8 minutes
       | 
       | 1) I will check what time I started them (say 5:30)
       | 
       | 2) I will forget the number of seconds that were on the clock
       | when I started
       | 
       | 3) I will pull the vegetables off at 5:38:30
        
       | valbaca wrote:
       | I think a good part of this comes from how we often mention time:
       | "It's half past two" is interpreted to mean: "it's _at least_
       | half past two "
       | 
       | If we round seconds, why not microseconds/etc?
       | 
       | Ticking clocks let us know what time it is "at least" and uses
       | the minutes :00 as the "barrier" Shifting that to :30 only causes
       | more confusion IMO
        
         | rantallion wrote:
         | > "It's half past two" is interpreted to mean: "it's at least
         | half past two"
         | 
         | I think most people would have no issue calling 14:28 "half
         | past two". There's no "at least" to it, just an approximation.
        
         | timerol wrote:
         | If it was 2:27 and I asked you the time, I would be much
         | happier with "half past two" than "quarter past two"
        
         | ahazred8ta wrote:
         | The Hunt for Red October gave us "He always goes to starboard
         | in the bottom half of the hour."
        
       | jtbayly wrote:
       | I can get behind this idea, however, this sentence is wrong:
       | 
       | "If clocks rounded to the nearest minute instead of truncating,
       | the average error would be 0."
       | 
       | The negative and the positive error don't cancel each other out.
       | They are both error. The absolute value needs to be used.
        
         | fouronnes3 wrote:
         | That's a very fair nitpick, but even with a more rigorous error
         | function the point still stands, I think.
        
           | jtbayly wrote:
           | Agreed. There _will_ be less error, just not zero. I thought
           | it was a silly error that detracted from the point, rather
           | than defeated the point.
        
         | Straw wrote:
         | The average error is in fact 0! The average absolute error is
         | reduced but not 0.
        
           | jtbayly wrote:
           | That may technically be correct, but it is incorrect in the
           | real world. I submit that error is error in the real world.
           | Mathematics can go jump off a cliff unless it wants to be
           | helpful. :)
        
             | roywiggins wrote:
             | Zero average error conveys something important though: the
             | error that there is, isn't biased positive or negative.
        
             | pkilgore wrote:
             | That's language failing us, not maths :-)
        
           | noqc wrote:
           | What are you talking about? Error is a metric.
        
           | jy14898 wrote:
           | By this logic, a broken 24 hour clock stuck at mid day has 0
           | error.
        
         | lupire wrote:
         | It depends on the application. Are you summing times (as with a
         | pay clock at a job), or are you paying for error in both
         | directions for some reason?
        
         | lavelganzu wrote:
         | Good catch. RMS (root mean square) error is typical in signal
         | processing to avoid this undesirable cancellation.
        
       | jjslocum3 wrote:
       | Plenty of nitpicking here, for me this piece was a fun and clever
       | thought-ride.
        
       | TimTheTinker wrote:
       | This blog post is a really good argument. The kicker for me was
       | that we all generally switch to rounding when asked for the hour
       | (without minutes) but don't round when asked for the minute
       | (without seconds). That's an inconsistency for which there
       | doesn't seem to be a good reason.
       | 
       | However, this inconsistency only exists orally. When a device
       | displays the time, it never rounds. Changing the convention would
       | probably be very confusing for a lot of people, at least
       | initially.
       | 
       | For now, I'm convinced that when communicating the minute orally,
       | I should round to the nearest minute, just like I do with hours.
        
         | necovek wrote:
         | Verbally, IME, people mostly round to quarters of an hour
         | (exact hour, quarter past, half past, quarter to).
         | 
         | I've never heard anyone say it's 4pm when it was 3.31pm.
        
       | Ukv wrote:
       | I don't think this applies to Elizabeth Tower/Big Ben, as it's an
       | analogue clock and, from footage I can find[0], its minute hand
       | appears to move continuously opposed to in steps. (or at least,
       | not in full-minute steps)
       | 
       | Also, I believe it's wrong to say "the average error would be 0"
       | if rounding to nearest minute. The average offset would be 0, but
       | the average error would be 15, to my understanding.
       | 
       | [0]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eUP3DsiqkzA
        
         | fouronnes3 wrote:
         | That's a good point, I was actually wondering about that. I've
         | seen a lot of jumping analog clocks so I incorrectly assumed
         | Big Ben was the same. I should have checked :)
        
           | tim333 wrote:
           | The jumping ones are mostly electrically activated. Big Ben
           | from 1854 is gloriously mechanical - some of the mechanism:
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G-WSzdAF8b8 pendulum
           | https://youtu.be/U8gkgWoFBAw guy who winds it
           | https://youtu.be/dMT-OOrLBik
        
       | taco_emoji wrote:
       | > Hours: That's when mentally, I switch to rounding! At 15:48 I
       | definitely feel like it's pretty much 16:00.
       | 
       | Disagree. I would never round to a full hour, only to nearest 5
       | minutes.
       | 
       | As far as minutes, for clocks that show discrete minutes, it'd be
       | weird to see the minute-hand snap to the next number and think
       | "oh, it's actually 29 seconds before that number". Seeing the
       | snap motion means you're at :00 seconds.
       | 
       | Besides, for a clock that doesn't show seconds, it really doesn't
       | matter. If you need more precision, you just use a timepiece with
       | the extra precision.
        
       | CharlesW wrote:
       | By this logic, the author must also tell people it's "2024" until
       | July 3, and that we're still in the 20th Century until 2051.
        
         | monktastic1 wrote:
         | No, if you read the article, you'll see that he addresses this
         | point.
        
           | lupire wrote:
           | It's addressed by "I'm not so sure."
        
       | gkfasdfasdf wrote:
       | I don't think rounding clocks would be any more useful in the
       | scenario about mentally calculating how many minutes until the
       | meeting at noon, because a rounding clock would show noon 30
       | seconds earlier, so the average difference between 11:55 and noon
       | in a rounded clock vs a floor clock is still 4.5 minutes.
        
       | encom wrote:
       | >Please someone tell me I'm not crazy
       | 
       | No, it's probably just autism.
        
       | jsnell wrote:
       | > This is especially apparent when you're trying to calculate
       | "how much time until my next meeting?", and your next meeting is
       | at noon. If it's 11:55, you would usually mentally subtract and
       | conclude: the meeting is in 5 minutes. That's how I always do it
       | myself anyway! But the most probable estimate given the available
       | information is actually 4'30"!
       | 
       | Ok. But what does it mean for a meeting to start at 12:00 when
       | people don't have clocks that will accurately show 12:00? They'll
       | only know when the time is 11:59:30 or 12:00:30, anything between
       | is just going to be a guess. So it seems to me that the start
       | times would just align to the half-minute offsets instead, and
       | we'd be back exactly where we started but with more complexity.
        
         | xattt wrote:
         | All broadcast studios are equipped with master clocks that show
         | seconds to deal with this ambiguity.
         | 
         | You can look at your own watch and anticipate when program
         | transitions in radio or TV are supposed to take place (usually
         | the minute and 30 second marks). Also, get a sense when a host
         | is filling time to get to the transition.
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | I've done a lot of work with hosts on various shows. One guy
           | stood out more than others on being so natural on the
           | vamp/stretch to fill the time. Starting at 5mins, we give one
           | minute signals. Not once did it ever sound unnatural in
           | trying to rush or filled with ums, uhs, or ahs. Others
           | struggled with the rushing being most noticeable.
        
             | xattt wrote:
             | > vamp
             | 
             | Thanks for teaching me a new term!
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | I think it's every host's worst nightmare when they see
               | it when reading the teleprompter. It's my worst nightmare
               | when watching local news feeds where they are clearly off
               | prompter or vamping.
        
             | mb5 wrote:
             | Jonathan Agnew has a similar story about the late, great
             | Australian cricket commentator Richie Benaud, although
             | filling ~52 seconds rather than 5 minutes.
             | 
             | https://youtu.be/FsmtFZQJbHU
        
         | bena wrote:
         | Exactly, this article can be summed up on one sentence: "Look
         | at me, I'm so clever"
        
         | sigmar wrote:
         | This is a good point. There's tons of times when I'm watching a
         | clock to watch for a precise moment (like buying concert
         | tickets, limited edition merchandise, stock market opening).
         | Losing the ability to see when a 12:00:00 happens would be
         | annoying
        
         | brnt wrote:
         | The technically correct thing to do would be to educate on
         | precision, perhaps even display it, such that people know that
         | 12:00 means a time between 11:59 and 12:01, not 12:00.000.
        
           | timerol wrote:
           | The point is that we use 12:00 to note a time between
           | 12:00:00.0 (inclusive) and 12:01:00.0 (exclusive). Saying
           | that 12:00 is a time between 11:59 and 12:01 implies that the
           | range of error is twice as big as it actually is.
           | 
           | How long between 12:01:00.0 and 12:00 (as read on a clock)?
           | Between 0 and 60 seconds.
           | 
           | How long between 11:59:00.0 and 12:00 (as read on a clock)?
           | Between 60 and 120 seconds.
        
             | brnt wrote:
             | What I am saying is that that use is incorrect as well.
             | There is only one way to understand numbers, and that is
             | scientifically. I.e. significant digit.
        
           | lxgr wrote:
           | Good luck educating people on why they should change lifelong
           | habits that actually even make more sense most of the time
           | too.
        
         | croes wrote:
         | > If it's 11:55, you would usually mentally subtract and
         | conclude: the meeting is in 5 minutes.
         | 
         | Even that part is wrong. I guess I'm not the only one who knows
         | and thinks it's less than 5 minutes.
        
         | FartyMcFarter wrote:
         | > If it's 11:55, you would usually mentally subtract and
         | conclude: the meeting is in 5 minutes. That's how I always do
         | it myself anyway! But the most probable estimate given the
         | available information is actually 4'30"!
         | 
         | The way I like to think about it is "the meeting is in less
         | than 5 minutes". Which is always correct since my reaction time
         | to seeing the clock switching to 11:55 is greater than zero.
         | 
         | It could even be less than 4 minutes if it has already switched
         | to 11:56 and I haven't had time to react to that change, but
         | that's OK - my assessment that I have less than 5 minutes to
         | get to the meeting is still correct.
        
         | timerol wrote:
         | If you care about starting a meeting to within better precision
         | than a minute, use a clock that shows seconds. If I want to
         | start a meeting at noon, I don't block off the minute display
         | of my clock and wait for the 11 -> 12 transition to start the
         | meeting.
        
         | caseyy wrote:
         | > If it's 11:55, you would usually mentally subtract and
         | conclude: the meeting is in 5 minutes. That's how I always do
         | it myself anyway
         | 
         | And if you showed up to the meeting in exactly 5 minutes, you'd
         | be on time!
        
       | tavavex wrote:
       | > It would be weird if we rounded for years, months and days,
       | that's for sure. I think most people think of those scales as
       | intervals. In other words, July is a period of time, with a start
       | and an end. So are years, centuries, seasons. We are inside of it
       | or outside.
       | 
       | I feel like my sense of time is different from the author's.
       | While it can be useful to round the current hour/minute on some
       | occasions, the information about which exact segment of the
       | day/hour you're in can also be very useful. I can certainly tell
       | that I ask the question of "when exactly is it going to be
       | 12:00?" far more often than "how many seconds have statistically
       | likely elapsed in the current minute?"
       | 
       | The biggest issue for me is that the precise moment of when one
       | minute/hour transitions into the next is important for people.
       | Like, when coordinating an event or meeting, would you prefer it
       | if your clock indicated the precise moment when 12:59:59 becomes
       | 13:00:00 and told you to start the meeting, or would it be better
       | if the clock instead told you that it was "13ish" and you'd have
       | to wait out ~30 seconds by counting in your head?
       | 
       | This also causes a jarring discontinuity - now clocks with a
       | ticking hour hand appear to run 30 seconds late than clocks
       | without, turning on the digital clock setting to show seconds
       | offsets it, and so on. Some people celebrate New Year's or
       | occasions that happen at a specific time 30 seconds early because
       | they no longer have a strong reference point.
        
       | 1832 wrote:
       | I agree this is an interesting take and fun to think about. But
       | if clocks rounded to the nearest minute instead of truncating,
       | the average error would be still be greater than 0 I think, and
       | not 0, as the author claims. Assuming a sufficiently large number
       | of measurements taken at random times, I think the average error
       | would be 15 seconds.
        
         | timerol wrote:
         | The author meant "average error" in the systematic error sense,
         | not the standard error sense. The minute display would be well
         | calibrated, not precise to less than a minute.
        
       | daggersandscars wrote:
       | While most analog clocks' minute hands sweep from minute to
       | minute, jumping minute clocks have the issue the article brings
       | up.
       | 
       | Depending on when / where you went to school, you may have had
       | analog jumping minute clocks. The ones we had at one school would
       | "give away" when the minute would change because the minute hand
       | would move slightly counterclockwise before changing to the next
       | minute.[0]
       | 
       | Per reddit, some Swiss Railway clocks had jumping minutes, but I
       | have not seen one in person. [1]
       | 
       | Another school I attended had sweep second and minute hands, but
       | would hold the clock at 59 seconds until it matched the master
       | clock. Depending on the particular clock and how well it was
       | maintained, these could be 5 - 10 seconds off. Seems like nothing
       | as an adult, but as a kid wanting to go home, it seemed like an
       | eternity, especially on the last day of class for the semester.
       | 
       | [0] This video shows how clocks worked at my school:
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jpU_lG_TPP4
       | 
       | [1]
       | https://www.reddit.com/r/clocks/comments/10714a1/hard_time_f...
        
       | mglz wrote:
       | Ha?! A clock shows the period of time we are currently in. A
       | clock only showing hours would for example indicate that we are
       | in the 14th hour of the day, for the entire duration of that
       | hour. That is not an error. Similarly, a hh:mm clock will show
       | the hour and minute we are currently in for the duration of that
       | minute.
       | 
       | No clock can display the exact current moment of time. That would
       | require infinite digits, and even then those will be late, since
       | lightspeed will ensure you recieve the femtoseconds and below
       | really late.
        
         | cess11 wrote:
         | What time it is, is just made up, it's something we can decide
         | freely through social power, as evidenced by timezones and
         | daylight savings and leap seconds.
         | 
         | Commonly the resolution is something like minutes or a few of
         | them, that's the margin we'll typically accept for starting
         | meetings or precision in public transport like buses.
         | 
         | The utility of femtoseconds in deciding what time it is seems
         | pretty slim.
        
         | v4vvdq wrote:
         | An analog clock does show the exact current moment of time (if
         | the hands move in a linear motion and don't jump).
        
         | kypro wrote:
         | Yeah, I think labelling it "error" is a bit of a strange way to
         | look at it to be honest.
         | 
         | It's only error if you're trying to measure time in seconds,
         | but are doing it with a clock that can only measure hours and
         | minutes. If you want to know the current minute, then a clock
         | that can measure minutes it is 100% correct.
         | 
         | It's an interesting thought experiment, but really all it's
         | saying is that half of the time 10:00 is closer to 10:01:00
         | than 10:00:00, but this imply you care about measuring time to
         | the second which prompts the question why it's being measured
         | in minutes?
         | 
         | To be charitable, I suppose in the real world we might
         | occasionally care about how close 10:00 is to 10:01 in seconds,
         | but the time shown on phones can't tell us that so on average
         | we will be about 30 seconds out.
        
       | johnea wrote:
       | Another perfect example of wasted disk space and bandwidth on the
       | internet 8-/
       | 
       | Not to mention a waste of the one truely nonrenewable resource,
       | our time...
        
       | HarHarVeryFunny wrote:
       | I'd be very surprised if a smartphone, syncing itself to a
       | reference, is ignoring seconds. Why would it?
       | 
       | To me, if a clock that doesn't display seconds is displaying
       | 09:30, then I assume the time could be anywhere between 09:30:00
       | and 09:30:59.
       | 
       | Presumably when setting the time on a device that doesn't display
       | seconds, the seconds are being reset to 0 (i.e. setting time to
       | 09:30 is setting it to 09:30:00), so if someone really cares
       | about sub-minute accuracy they can take this into account.
        
       | bena wrote:
       | All this does is move when the issue he claims exists presents
       | itself.
       | 
       | If we flip the minute display at the 30, then the same problem
       | occurs because if you start timing from the 20, the minute will
       | change in ten seconds.
       | 
       | This article is just kind of stupid masquerading as smart.
        
       | ajb wrote:
       | "It's just a convention"
       | 
       | This is correct. In fact, in one sense our clocks could be argued
       | to be minutes out, on average: originally time was measured by
       | the sun. But by the sun, the earth doesn't rotate in exactly the
       | same time each day during the year. So a clock assuming each day
       | is the same length (like they all do) accumulates an error with
       | respect to sun time of more than 16 minutes,and then loses it
       | again, in a cycle.
       | 
       | But we just collectively decided that it was simpler not to
       | bother with that. We changed the convention so that time is
       | marked with respect to an average day length
        
       | youainti wrote:
       | Clocks are used as inputs into decisions. So this doesn't matter
       | as long as the decision process accounts for it. If I see that a
       | meeting starts in 5 minutes, I'm not setting a timer get there in
       | 300 seconds, I'm trying to decide if I have time to fill my water
       | bottle on the way or not.
       | 
       | The post is a useful consideration to think if you are trying to
       | do precise tasks though. See Keskival's post below about
       | intervals vs moments to add some more precise ways of thinking.
        
       | macleginn wrote:
       | This is nitpicking, but the transition from "the average error of
       | a truncating clock is 30 seconds" to "therefore all clocks are 30
       | seconds late!" is seriously wrong. For one, the median is equal
       | to the mean here, so about half of all clocks are less than 30
       | seconds late, which is a clear contradiction.
        
       | taeric wrote:
       | Amusingly, one of my kids gets very frustrated with how I answer
       | what time it is on most requests. Most of my answers will be of
       | what the nearest relevant time is. I will never bother
       | determining what the exact minute is from my watch. As I just
       | can't see the value of that. Even from a digital watch, I don't
       | see the need in giving a majorly different answer to the same
       | question within 5 minutes or so.
        
         | lxgr wrote:
         | That's how people commonly give time in my language, I suspect
         | mainly out of convenience:
         | 
         | Quarter hour precision is possible to achieve with at most five
         | syllables (and typically just two); compare that to minute-
         | level precision, which usually takes at least 5 and sometimes
         | as many as 10.
         | 
         | Interestingly, spoken times also commonly use the 12 hour
         | clock, while times are almost exclusively written as 23 hours.
        
         | bschwindHN wrote:
         | I was always annoyed at my parents for doing this when I was a
         | kid. When anyone asks me the time I always read out the minutes
         | for whatever time my phone shows me. Maybe someone wants to
         | make a particular bus or train and the more precise timing is
         | appreciated, who knows!
        
           | 1718627440 wrote:
           | I would same, that at is communicated by the length of the
           | stare you get after telling the time.
        
       | jpm_sd wrote:
       | Time Cube redux?
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_Cube
        
       | edgarvaldes wrote:
       | If you use round instead of floor an error persists. So all
       | clocks that don't show seconds are always wrong.
        
       | Phrodo_00 wrote:
       | > Is it the same for the current minute of the current hour ? I'm
       | not so sure.
       | 
       | Yes it is. Appointments start at the beginning of the minute, not
       | the average. (And while changing clocks WOULD change that, I'm
       | not sure it makes a lot of sense)
        
       | necovek wrote:
       | If you do care about what second it is, you can still be 59s off:
       | eg. if the "rounded" clock shows 12:30, it could be 12:29:30 all
       | the way to 12:30:29.
       | 
       | The error is reduced on average if you only care how far away
       | from exact minute you are, but you simultaneously _never_ know
       | when it is the exact minute.
       | 
       | The question is really about what's more generally useful: the
       | offset of 30s is usually not important enough, which is why most
       | clocks only show hours and minutes. Where it matters, higher
       | precision is used.
       | 
       | Some of the social constructs would be less meaningful (like New
       | Year countdown) as most watches and clocks would show midnight
       | 30s early.
        
       | opan wrote:
       | I enable seconds on my PC and phone clocks, and basically
       | anywhere it's an option. I enjoy seeing if two messages on IRC
       | were just 3 seconds apart as it will often tell you the second
       | person hasn't actually read the first person's message right
       | before theirs (they were probably writing their messages at the
       | same time). Something not obvious if you just see the minutes.
        
       | jordansmithnz wrote:
       | While interesting this is just... wrong. Imagine a world where:
       | 
       | - I tell people I'm 50 years old but I'm really just 49 1/2
       | 
       | - My phone says it's Jan 7th but it's really afternoon on Jan 6th
       | 
       | - My coworker says they're a sr engineer because they've been
       | told that they'll definitely be promoted soon
       | 
       | Rounding shouldn't be applied everywhere. Some things in life are
       | supposed to use a floor function; common sense applies and most
       | folks intuitively know that 1:00pm means 'between 1:00 and
       | 1:01pm'.
        
         | timerol wrote:
         | TFA goes into the author's opinion around when to floor and
         | when to round, and notes that "hours" is the largest interval
         | where rounding feels right.
        
       | err4nt wrote:
       | A delightful read, though I disagree. Unless we were going to
       | introduce half-minute units (which decreases the scale of the
       | error, but makes it twice as numerous) then shifting our minute
       | units by a half value doesn't seem to actually solve the problem,
       | doesn't it only shift it to a slightly different location?
        
       | seanalltogether wrote:
       | You said it yourself, the data is truncated. We shouldn't be
       | rounding time one way or the other, just truncating it.
        
       | syntheticnature wrote:
       | Worse yet, our calendars are all 12 hours off!
        
       | hkon wrote:
       | I show seconds in windows clock
        
       | dsubburam wrote:
       | The intended interpretation for clocks IMO is "we are now past
       | this time".
       | 
       | Like a mile marker when you are running down a jogging track.
       | 
       | It doesn't matter if the granularity is one-day or even one-year,
       | like the ball drop in Times Square on New Year's Eve.
        
         | PeterCorless wrote:
         | Anyone who has done timer or countdown-based work has to think
         | the opposite. Whether that's sports or event production, rocket
         | launches, or so on. You're not thinking about the time you've
         | past/expended. You're thinking of the time you still have left.
         | "Two minutes left in game." "We're live in 30 seconds" etc.
        
           | lupire wrote:
           | Countdown clocks run backwards, not forwards.
        
           | timerol wrote:
           | NFL delay-of-game penalties are interesting for this, because
           | when the clock first shows 0 seconds, that means that the
           | team still has a full second to start the play.
        
       | hnuser123456 wrote:
       | All of this is made redundant by just... knowing this is how
       | clocks work.
       | 
       | If you don't have a seconds hand/counter, you can't predict how
       | many seconds are left in the current minute. If it's 11:45:01,
       | it's 11:45 without seconds. If it's 11:45:59, it's still inside
       | the minute-long interval known to everyone as 11:45. The clock
       | can always be one second away from flipping to the next minute. I
       | just mentally subtract one minute if I'm actually planning on
       | being somewhere down to the fraction of a minute, and planning
       | what I can do beforehand. Mentally subtracting 30 seconds is not
       | any easier.
       | 
       | I don't see this as even having some kind of gimmicky benefit...
        
       | rkagerer wrote:
       | Let me unlock your hidden precision.
       | 
       | The writer makes an implicit assumption you just glance at the
       | clock with no prior info.
       | 
       | Where seconds count, you can watch the clock until the moment it
       | ticks. At that time you have greater precision. And due to your
       | own innate sense of time, that precision decays for a little
       | while (maybe even 30s?) rather than instantly disappearing.
       | 
       | I like to synchronize my clocks this way (when seconds are
       | unavailable). Yes, it does mean I invest up to a minute more to
       | set the time, and it's probably not worth it if you're doing so
       | often (eg. area prone to power outages).
        
         | matja wrote:
         | The same technique is how computer RTCs are set/read, but to
         | sub-second precision instead of minute precision, because the
         | most common register standard allows only storing whole seconds
         | but they keep relatively accurate time.
        
       | GuB-42 wrote:
       | Flooring makes more sense in every case, from years to
       | milliseconds and more. A few reasons:
       | 
       | You want to send a message at exactly 13:00:00, you have a
       | digital clock that doesn't show seconds. What you do is that you
       | watch your clock, and as soon as it goes from 12:59 to 13:00, you
       | press the button. That's also how you set the time precisely by
       | hand. With rounding, that would be 12:59:30, who wants to send a
       | message at precisely 12:59:30 ?
       | 
       | You have a meeting at 13:00:00, you watch the clock to see if you
       | are early or late. With flooring, if you see 13:00, you know you
       | are late. With rounding, you are not sure.
       | 
       | It is common for digital clocks to have big numbers for hours and
       | minutes and small numbers for seconds. If you are not interested
       | in seconds, you can look quickly from afar and you have your
       | usual, floored time. If you want to be precise, you look closer
       | and get your seconds. Rounding the minutes would be wrong,
       | because it wouldn't match the time with seconds. And you don't
       | want clocks with a small display for seconds you may not even see
       | to show a different time than those that don't.
       | 
       | And if you just want to know the approximate time and don't care
       | about being precise to the second, then rounding up or down
       | doesn't really matter.
        
         | TZubiri wrote:
         | But if every clock was like that, then 12:59:30 would be the
         | new 13:00:00
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | How does 12:59:30 floor to 13:00:00? Wouldn't that be the
           | result of ceil?
        
             | pkulak wrote:
             | Only until the next article saying that "all clocks are 0.5
             | seconds early" and we then switch to randomized rounding.
        
           | soneil wrote:
           | So if my watch shows seconds, I'd be late at 12:59:31?
        
             | bmicraft wrote:
             | If someone without seconds on their clock starts the
             | meeting, yes.
        
               | animuchan wrote:
               | This is a weirdly satisfying thought, if entirely
               | unrealistic in a corporate setting: what if meetings in
               | general were more of a consensus thing, and less of a
               | rigid time slot thing.
        
           | zzo38computer wrote:
           | I still think that flooring would be better; however, if you
           | did insist to do this rounding instead then you could use a
           | different convention for numbering seconds with e.g. -30 to
           | +30 instead of 0 to 60. However, I think that this is not
           | worth it, and that the existing use of flooring is much
           | better, although if you want such precision with timing then
           | you really should display the seconds, rather than using a
           | clock that does not display seconds, anyways.
        
           | The_Colonel wrote:
           | But not every clock would be like that - only those clocks
           | which don't show the seconds precision would use this
           | rounding.
           | 
           | The consequence of that would be that statements like
           | "fireworks start at 12 AM" would mean two different points in
           | time depending on how much precision your clocks have.
        
             | fouronnes3 wrote:
             | That's true if you catch the exact moment the clock
             | changes. If you don't, the only thing you know with a
             | truncating clock is that the fireworks started 0 to 59
             | seconds ago. With a rounding clock, you know the starting
             | point is within [-30, 30] from now. So on average, you're
             | closer to the starting point when seeing the clock show
             | 12AM.
             | 
             | A good reason for truncating is that we have a strong bias
             | against being late, but not really against being early.
        
               | The_Colonel wrote:
               | > If you don't, the only thing you know with a truncating
               | clock is that the fireworks started 0 to 59 seconds ago.
               | 
               | More importantly, I know whether the designated point in
               | time passed or not. If you have a submission deadline set
               | at 14:00, the most important thing you care about is
               | whether you made it or not.
               | 
               | But what bothers me more is that this is inviting
               | ambiguity into time definition. What 14:00 means (in
               | addition to all the timezone complexity) now depends on
               | the _type_ of the clock you use. That 's just bad.
               | 
               | > A good reason for truncating is that we have a strong
               | bias against being late, but not really against being
               | early.
               | 
               | TBH I don't understand what you're saying here.
        
         | mongol wrote:
         | > With flooring, if you see 13:00 you know you are late
         | 
         | I always though that you are late from 13:01. Common these days
         | with Teams meetings etc. It seems most people join during the
         | minute from 13:00 to 13:01.
        
           | flerchin wrote:
           | I tell my kids this aphorism:
           | 
           | Early is on-time. On-time is late.
        
             | anal_reactor wrote:
             | Early is on-time. On-time is late. Late is how most people
             | behave.
        
             | mikenew wrote:
             | Showing up early just makes other people feel like they did
             | something wrong by showing up on time.
        
               | synecdoche wrote:
               | It could be argued that people can't be made to feel
               | anything, apart from pain. How people react, on the other
               | hand, may be quite different.
        
               | recursive wrote:
               | True. Probably wouldn't be a very good argument though.
        
               | flerchin wrote:
               | Other people's feelings about a dimension don't change
               | the dimension.
        
               | lxgr wrote:
               | In a social context, almost everything some people do
               | changes how other people feel.
        
             | mongol wrote:
             | This makes a lot of sense. But where it really matters, say
             | train departure times, are there rules that the doors are
             | closing precisly at X seconds? Or is it arbitrary?
        
               | flerchin wrote:
               | Won't be a problem if you're there on-time.
        
               | oniony wrote:
               | In the UK the doors close 30 seconds before the
               | advertised departure time.
        
               | jstanley wrote:
               | In the UK you're lucky if the train has even _arrived_ 30
               | seconds before the advertised departure time.
        
               | maleldil wrote:
               | That's not really true. In my experience (London), the
               | trains are on-time more often than not.
        
               | 1718627440 wrote:
               | What is specified is the actual departure time of the
               | train. Before that it has to be decided to start closing
               | the doors, the doors must be closing, the secure closure
               | must be determined by the train leader and the train
               | leader has to order the train driver to start driving.
               | How long that takes depends on the train. For short-
               | distance trains it's ~15seconds for long-distance
               | ~1minute.
        
             | pests wrote:
             | Depends on the power dynamic and the goals for the meeting,
             | and what position you hold, no?
        
               | flerchin wrote:
               | No it does not. Time is not a dimension that changes
               | depending upon power dynamic.
        
               | lxgr wrote:
               | Time isn't, but punctuality, as a social as opposed to
               | physical phenomenon, most certainly is.
        
               | pclmulqdq wrote:
               | It's disrespectful to be late no matter the power
               | dynamic. In some power dynamics, it's okay to be
               | disrespectful, though.
        
               | ninalanyon wrote:
               | If the social group in question regards 13:00 as meaning
               | between 13:00 and 13:10 then arriving at 13:05 is
               | arriving on time and no one is bothered or
               | inconvenienced.
               | 
               | Being late is not simply a property of the clock time but
               | also of the society you are part of.
               | 
               | In England arriving early for a dinner party is going to
               | get you at least a dirty look, arriving half an hour late
               | just means that you might miss a pre-dinner drink. In
               | Norway, if you are ten minutes late the host might send
               | out a search party.
        
               | pclmulqdq wrote:
               | "Late" here means "arriving after the social
               | expectation." In many places in the Americas, you can be
               | (and are expected to be) an hour "late" for a party of
               | any kind. That doesn't mean you are late.
               | 
               | In a Western business context, "late" comes about 1-2
               | minutes after the meeting starts.
        
             | andix wrote:
             | This vastly depends on culture and context.
             | 
             | We consider it impolite, if you show up for an invitation
             | at someone's home before the time you were invited for.
             | Many would say it is even impolite to show up less then 5
             | minutes late, and consider being 10-15 minutes late the
             | best, and up to 30-45 minutes acceptable.
             | 
             | For a business appointment or doctor's appointment, where
             | there is an assistant that opens the door and a waiting
             | area, it's expected to be early, so that you are already in
             | front of the correct room when the appointment starts.
        
               | pknomad wrote:
               | I have a funny anecdote.
               | 
               | I don't know if it's a Korean thing or my mom-specific
               | thing but she had very strong opinion about being early.
               | For her 15 minutes early == on time. To reinforce this
               | notion, she would set the house clocks later by some
               | random undetermined minutes. The clocks in her home would
               | all differ slightly so you could never tell what time it
               | actually was unless you looked at your phone but you'd
               | know you're little bit early to things for sure. Good
               | times.
        
               | anonym29 wrote:
               | She didn't by chance serve in the military or a civil
               | auxiliary branch, did she?
               | 
               | "Early is on time, on time is late, and late is
               | unacceptable" was drilled into me while doing Civil Air
               | Patrol back in secondary school (high school) and I
               | habitually set all my clocks 5 minutes ahead, still, to
               | this day.
        
               | pknomad wrote:
               | She did not, but I would not be surprised if she picked
               | it up for my granddad (he was in the UDU - precursor to
               | the now ROK UDT/Flotilla).
        
               | hammock wrote:
               | It's an aphorism
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | The other person already said that.
               | 
               | But for anyone living in an area where it's mostly wrong,
               | it's not an aphorism for them.
               | 
               | You shouldn't _nitpick_ an aphorism. But if it 's wrong a
               | sufficiently large amount of the time, rejecting it is
               | fine.
        
             | xoxxala wrote:
             | We always taught our kids that if you're not five minutes
             | early, you're late.
             | 
             | One boy took it to heart and is very prompt.
             | 
             | The other, eh, not so much. He was almost late to his own
             | wedding.
        
               | andix wrote:
               | Technically speaking you can't be late to your own
               | wedding. If you're not there, it isn't your wedding. ;)
        
           | viraptor wrote:
           | Because of how lots of reminders work. There isn't even a
           | good way to tell Google calendar to always notify 1 minute
           | before events - I had to do it through slack integration.
           | 
           | So instead the reminder usually tells you a meeting will be
           | in 15min which quite often is a useless information. Then the
           | app tells you the meeting started _right now_ and you still
           | need a few seconds to wrap things up and prepare.
        
             | vel0city wrote:
             | > There isn't even a good way to tell Google calendar to
             | always notify 1 minute before events
             | 
             | It's on the calendar settings. Settings for my calendars >
             | Event Notifications. You can set 5 default notification
             | options for all events created on that calendar.
        
               | quesera wrote:
               | Multiple notifications are a great feature. I use two:
               | "10 minutes before" and "1 minute before".
               | 
               | Because 10 minutes is just enough to wrap up something
               | I'm in the middle of, and simultaneously, 10 minutes is
               | well past long enough to get distracted if I'm not
               | already deep in the middle of something. :)
        
               | usr1106 wrote:
               | Need to check that when I am at my desk. I use 10 minutes
               | and then remind me again in 5 minutes. Which isn't
               | working all too well. If I miss the the first one by a
               | minute, the second one comes 1 minute after the meeting
               | started. So I'll join 2 minutes late. And in our company
               | we take proud in not starting late.
        
           | cbolton wrote:
           | Seems like there are important cultural differences in how
           | appointment times are understood. Last week I was talking to
           | a friend living in the Comoros, who mentioned that for them
           | 13:59 is still 13:00 for this purpose.
        
             | lgrapenthin wrote:
             | So they ignore minutes entirely and just live in hours?
        
               | cbolton wrote:
               | As I understand, they're less stressed about having
               | things at precise points in time and are fine with
               | waiting. I guess they would say something like "13 zero
               | zero" when necessary...
        
             | falcor84 wrote:
             | I have friends who treat dinner party invitation times in
             | this manner
        
           | yzydserd wrote:
           | I live by joining before
           | 
           | :58 if presenter
           | 
           | :59 if core
           | 
           | :00 if contributor
           | 
           | :01 if observer
           | 
           | Many colleagues seem to +:01 this.
        
           | Kiro wrote:
           | I'm usually early but I watch the preview until there are at
           | least two other people in the call, then I join. I suspect
           | many other do the same which sometimes results in implicit
           | standoffs.
        
           | ForOldHack wrote:
           | Most people are not clear on two concepts: Be prepared, and
           | on time is late. Both of these are not math skills, they are
           | leadership skills.
           | 
           | Its rather easy to establish a beat, and set two clocks to
           | one clock ( seminar program clocks to USNO standard time, ).
           | After a few hours, even the most inexpensive digital clocks
           | will not vary a second, usually it takes a full day to drift
           | that far.
           | 
           | Its quite uncommon for everyone to be ready, alert and
           | available on time, even in integrity conversations.
        
         | wodenokoto wrote:
         | I think that's the problem with the article - that it sticks to
         | its guns.
         | 
         | It starts with an outrageous statement, goes on to show that
         | it's actually correct. Then it relates it to similar things and
         | instead of saying "yeah, just like we floor years and hours it
         | makes sense to do it for minutes too, but it was fun to think
         | about" it goes on to say "but for minutes this is bad"
         | 
         | If it had backtracked and said "flooring is actually the better
         | choice" I would have appreciated the article as a whole much
         | more
        
           | atoav wrote:
           | It seems to me many people are so amazed by the fact they for
           | once _had_ an original thought that at this moment they stop
           | caring whether it is actually a good one.
           | 
           | It is crucial to maintain mental flexibility and one does
           | that by thinking things through, killing your darlings,
           | admitting when ideas are wrong or simply just mediocre. Only
           | because it was _me_ who had an idea doesn 't mean I have to
           | defend it at all cost. The idea isn't me.
        
             | teaearlgraycold wrote:
             | I am sure this is not an original thought.
        
               | atoav wrote:
               | I could have phrased it as "convinced themselves they had
               | an original thought" but that sounded too cynical even
               | for me.
        
               | prerok wrote:
               | It may have been for them.
        
             | circlefavshape wrote:
             | One of the big downsides of the internet is the cold water
             | it constantly pours on my idea of my own originality. Every
             | time I think of a great idea I find someone else has
             | already thought of it
             | 
             | (well, almost every time)
        
               | chii wrote:
               | > Every time I think of a great idea I find someone else
               | has already thought of it
               | 
               | that's because an idea's greatness does not come from the
               | creator, but from the other people affected by the idea.
               | And most ideas dont affect anyone.
        
               | Jerrrry wrote:
               | Originality does not exist, humans are not capable of
               | purely original thought.
               | 
               | Closest you can get are unique sentences.
        
             | ForOldHack wrote:
             | I have been staring at this comment for over 2 hours. It is
             | brilliant on so many levels... During that first hour, two
             | people DMed me, and said a couple of my practices are
             | genius.
             | 
             | I think that this is one of the very most important ideas I
             | have ever read on YC:
             | 
             | "It is crucial to maintain mental flexibility and one does
             | that by thinking things through."
        
           | fouronnes3 wrote:
           | Thanks for the feedback. I agree this is how I should have
           | ended the article. If anything, the most important thing with
           | conventions is that we all follow the same ones. So in the
           | end I'm obviously not gonna move all my clocks forward by 30
           | seconds. This is just how I decided to write the article, but
           | I concede I should have made the tongue-in-cheek tone more
           | explicit.
        
             | mosselman wrote:
             | You can still change the ending. It is your article and
             | right now quite a few people will have read it, but if you
             | keep it live for years many more will probably get to read
             | it and there is no reason why you should keep some first
             | version of it online if you think it should've been
             | different.
             | 
             | You wouldn't leave a v1 of an app online just because it is
             | first
        
       | taylorbuley wrote:
       | This is true across other domains! If trains are spaced exactly
       | 10 minutes apart and you arrive at a random time, the expected
       | waiting time is 5 minutes, for example.
        
         | timerol wrote:
         | This makes me wonder how train countdown clocks are programmed,
         | and if "1 minute away" means "60-120 seconds away" or "30-90
         | seconds away".
        
       | zazaulola wrote:
       | Has anyone ever wondered why in the US the week starts on Sunday,
       | but in Europe and Asia it starts on Monday?
        
         | Ylpertnodi wrote:
         | I work in Europe...my week starts on a Sunday.
        
           | lxgr wrote:
           | Where in Europe is that?
        
         | lxgr wrote:
         | Yes, and it's infuriating if software draws the conclusion
         | that, simply because I happen to be in region x (or even worse,
         | using language x), I must also want date presentation, units of
         | temperature and distance etc. to be according to customs in x.
         | 
         | At least macOS/iOS at this point mostly allow customizing many
         | of these, but some native apps and date picker widgets still
         | don't respect my preferences, driving me nuts every time I have
         | to schedule a reminder or meeting.
        
       | hinkley wrote:
       | This could be a good allegory for sampling intervals. I'm forever
       | having to explain to people that if they are looking at data
       | every 60 seconds they can take a lot longer to notice a problem
       | than common sense would suggest. Your new information shows up on
       | average 30 seconds late and up to 59.99999 seconds late. If
       | you're trying to compare the last two samples to detect a problem
       | then you're going to see it up to 2 minutes after it already
       | started, since it could start 1 ms after the first sample.
       | Particularly in systems where multiple actors are using periodic
       | actions.
        
       | TZubiri wrote:
       | "It would be weird if we rounded for years, months and days,
       | that's for sure. "
       | 
       | We round years too, otherwise I would be in my 30s.
        
       | jerlam wrote:
       | I had a watchface on my Pebble smartwatch that only displayed
       | time in five-minute intervals. This post is making me question
       | whether it rounded up or not.
       | 
       | I have to assume it did because I didn't start being late for
       | everything.
       | 
       | In case you want to see it:
       | https://pebblestyle.com/watchface/BVmexStjq3j/
        
       | Apes wrote:
       | RMSE of current digital clocks rounding down is roughly 34.5
       | seconds.
       | 
       | RMSE of proposed rounding to closest is 17.5 seconds.
       | 
       | The new method is roughly 17 seconds more accurate on average.
       | 
       | Does this reduced error make a significant difference? Probably
       | not. There are very annoying practical issues with this proposal
       | though.
       | 
       | Rounding down makes it clear what minute has already passed. If
       | your clock says 3:00, you know the current time is definitely
       | some point after 3:00. If something needs to happen at 3:00, and
       | your clock says 3:00, it is time to start.
       | 
       | With this proposed method, 3:00 could mean anywhere from 2:29:30
       | to 3:00:30. When do you start? Do you start as soon as your clock
       | says 3:00? Then you're starting 30 seconds early. Do you wait
       | until your clock says 3:01? Then you're starting 30 seconds late.
       | 
       | And how do you set a clock that uses this scheme? If I want to
       | set the clock to 3:00, do I wait until 2:59:30 and then set the
       | clock to 3:00?
       | 
       | The headaches that arise from this scheme are not worth the
       | trivial error reduction.
        
         | bux93 wrote:
         | Great example of the pitfalls of RMSE.
        
       | ss64 wrote:
       | Any clock which doesn't have a seconds display is probably not
       | accurate to the second and is also very unlikely to have been set
       | to the exact second. Those 2 factors together mean a good chance
       | the time is > 30 seconds out, making the original point moot.
        
       | codewritero wrote:
       | Analog clocks mostly don't have the problem the author is
       | complaining about since most minute hands move once per second
       | and you can easily see (depending on your eyesight and distance
       | to the clock) that the minute is partially consumed.
       | 
       | I agree though that this is a downside to digital clocks which
       | don't show seconds, though whether the best fix is to round
       | instead of averaging is hard to say.
        
       | ifdefdebug wrote:
       | While you could argue that it's flooring, it feels much more like
       | truncating. We have a inner representation of time that's like
       | yyyymmdd-hhmmss-mmmm and we truncate it to the precision we need
       | for a given task. If we need the month we truncate to yyyymm, and
       | if we need hours we truncate to yyyymmdd-hh.
       | 
       | That's quit intuitive for all kind of time precision, and the
       | author's rounding solution would be somewhat counterintuitive, at
       | least for me.
        
       | lxgr wrote:
       | > Basically I'm arguing that rounding for clocks would be more
       | useful than flooring. This is especially apparent when you're
       | trying to calculate "how much time until my next meeting?"
       | 
       | Yet a rounding clock provides no way at all for you to know
       | whether the meeting has already started or not.
       | 
       | Not sure where I've heard this, but an idea that's been stuck in
       | my head is this: We don't look at clocks to see what time it is,
       | we do so to know what time it isn't yet:
       | 
       | Have I missed the bus yet? Can I already go home? Am I late for
       | this meeting? Do I still have time to cancel this cronjob? All
       | questions that a rounded clock cannot precisely answer.
        
         | seanhunter wrote:
         | Those are all questions no clock can answer though. They
         | require state from the physical world over and above knowing
         | the current time.
         | 
         | It's a wild misconception to think that a flooring clock is
         | somehow more late than a rounding clock and it's if anything an
         | even more crazy misconception to think that a clock can tell
         | you whether something in the physical world has or hasn't
         | happened.
        
       | layer8 wrote:
       | This is why I dislike clocks without seconds.
        
       | UniverseHacker wrote:
       | I am really annoyed that it is almost universal to show only
       | minutes on clocks- when so much in my life at least depends on
       | knowing time to the second. Even modern digital devices like an
       | iPhone make it really hard to get a seconds readout, when the
       | cost of doing so should be zero.
       | 
       | Some of the things I need precise seconds for frequently in my
       | daily life: buying tickets to concerts, campsites, and kids camps
       | before they sell out, checking into Southwest flights, sailboat
       | race starts, and starting/joining virtual meetings I am hosting.
       | 
       | Am I that weird that this is something I need at least once a day
       | that nobody else seems to need or want?
        
         | stackghost wrote:
         | Almost nothing in my life or career to date has depended on
         | knowing time to the second.
         | 
         | Why does it matter if your noon meeting starts at 11:59 or
         | 12:01?
        
           | UniverseHacker wrote:
           | It's wasteful of other peoples time to show up to a meeting
           | late, and wasteful of my own to be early. I'd like to be as
           | precise as practical. Meetings filled with high paid experts
           | are incredibly expensive- one should get every detail right
           | to save time. One little thing might not matter, but if you
           | pay attention to a lot of little details in running a meeting
           | efficiently- including starting as close to on time as you
           | can, it saves a lot of time.
        
       | vikingerik wrote:
       | Yup. I have my clocks in the house set 30 seconds ahead to
       | counteract exactly this.
        
       | intellectualx wrote:
       | All the way to the miliseconds I strongly disagree!
        
       | pmg101 wrote:
       | I definitely start saying I'm $age+1 as I approach that birthday,
       | as it seems more accurate. Round, not floor.
       | 
       | Although I have to say I've not really encountered other people
       | doing this.
        
       | inasio wrote:
       | One often unappreciated and amazing thing about the GPS-on-
       | cellphones era is that nowadays everyone has the exact time. Up
       | to the late 20th century it wasn't trivial to have the right
       | time, in fact there was a three digit phone number you could call
       | to get the right time (up to the minute).
        
       | yu3zhou4 wrote:
       | I thought about it as a kid, you're definitely not crazy Victor,
       | and I appreciate that you wrote this piece
        
       | smokedetector1 wrote:
       | I'm not trying to be snarky but I really don't see why this
       | matters. It's just a convention. We are not robots, not
       | everything has to be 100% precise.
        
         | garbagepatch wrote:
         | Only robots floor, humans truncate.
        
       | stackghost wrote:
       | TFA fatally misunderstands what clocks actually measure. They
       | measure the amount of time that has elapsed. When we say "it's
       | quarter after noon" what we really mean is that 12 hours and 15
       | minutes have elapsed since 00:00. The reason clocks don't round
       | up is because that's simply wrong.
       | 
       | A minute hasn't elapsed at xx:xx:36, it has only elapsed after
       | :59
       | 
       | tl;dr The author of TFA doesn't actually understand what clocks
       | measure.
        
       | o999 wrote:
       | Does OP realize that people don't looks at 11:55 and think it
       | means 11:55:00, but they think, it is just not 11:56 yet.
       | 
       | Computers and smart devices syncing to NTP doesn't have 30s
       | average error rate, it is the author who has 30s average error
       | rate in clock-reading if he reads a digital clock and think that
       | the clock tells that no seconds has passed since the last time it
       | added one minute.
        
       | layman51 wrote:
       | This post is fascinating but I think it is more mundane than I
       | realized. I thought everyone knew that when a cheap digital
       | kitchen timer shows a time like "0 H 1 M", that actually means
       | you have exactly 60 seconds or fewer for its alarm to go off.
       | 
       | I might be wrong, but there was a Prince of Persia game (maybe
       | for Game Boy?) that had the same timer behavior. It would show
       | the time remaining to complete the level in minutes and would
       | jump immediately from "1 minute" to 0.
       | 
       | The iOS podcast app is more sophisticated than that. It normally
       | displays how many minutes remain in the playing podcast episode.
       | But what is cool is that at the 30 second boundary, it will
       | decrease one minute. For example, it is at -24:30 or -24:29 that
       | it will go from saying "25 minutes remaining" to "24 minutes
       | remaining." Then when 30 seconds are left, it is nice enough to
       | show you a countdown of the seconds.
        
         | fouronnes3 wrote:
         | Yeah, I've seen a lot of countdown UIs that incorrectly start
         | beeping as soon as "1s" becomes "0s". In fact they should start
         | beeping exaclty 1 second after that change.
         | 
         | I'm sure this is actually an intentional design decision
         | because starting to beep at 0.99 (displayed 0) feels more
         | correct, even though it isn't.
        
       | pkilgore wrote:
       | Fun scissor. Seems to depend on your personal definition of
       | "error", with respect to time.
        
       | ccppurcell wrote:
       | I would argue that eg 13:00 represents an interval, not a moment.
       | So there is no error. But I appreciate the nerdy level of detail.
        
       | raldi wrote:
       | This is like asserting that all calendars are 12 hours late.
        
       | gamblor956 wrote:
       | This author is either an idiot or does not understand the concept
       | of precision.
       | 
       | It's very surprising that this article has engendered so much
       | discussion...in support of what he is saying.
       | 
       | 10:01:01 and 10:01:59 are both still 10:01, because a minute is a
       | discrete unit of time. Rounding the minute to the next minute _is
       | simply wrong._ Similarly, rounding to the next hour _is also
       | wrong_ and nobody does this except apparently the author. (Note:
       | 15:48 is _almost_ 1600 but _is not_ 1600.) People might round to
       | the nearest five or ten minutes for convenience (i.e., when
       | reading an analog clock) but that hasn 't been a thing since the
       | switch to digital clocks.
        
       | tech_ken wrote:
       | One wrinkle here is the choice of signed error instead of eg.
       | RMSE; absolute error metrics don't care about rounding vs.
       | flooring. Since the conclusion of the analysis hinges on this
       | choice of error metric, I think some justification or discussion
       | of that choice adds interesting context.
       | 
       | Signed error implies that clock-imprecision "cancels"; that being
       | 20 seconds late to your meeting will be undone by being 20
       | seconds early to lunch afterwards. I'm not sure if this is quite
       | how people reason about 'lateness' though. Obviously in some
       | applications it makes sense (ex. recording event times of some
       | phenomenon of interest), but in scheduling my daily life that's
       | not really how I think about things.
       | 
       | I think RMSE is closer to how people evaluate scheduling of
       | stuff; it doesn't matter if I'm late or early, both will have
       | notable consequences in unique ways. The ambivalence of the RMSE
       | error to rounding vs. flooring is the intuition I would put
       | behind the counterargument fielded by the author:
       | 
       | > But this is just a convention! Truncating, rounding or even
       | ceiling are all valid, as long as we pick one and stick to it.
       | 
       | I think you can also squeeze some juice out of playing with the
       | error metric further. If you want a 'just-in-time' schedule (ie.
       | you want to never be early to anything) then the flooring clock
       | is superior to the rounding clock. If you want the opposite then
       | a ceiling-ing clock would be the best choice.
       | 
       | > Personally, I would never say that it's 10 if the clock shows
       | anything past 10:30
       | 
       | I like to floor my times to the nearest 15-minute interval (10,
       | quarter-past, half-past, quarter-to), only rounding once I've
       | reached ~10:55
        
       | panda-giddiness wrote:
       | > If it's 11:55, you would usually mentally subtract and
       | conclude: the meeting is in 5 minutes. But the most probable
       | estimate given the available information is actually 4'30"!
       | 
       | Admittedly I'm being a bit pedantic, but this isn't true. The
       | _expectation value_ might be 4 '30", but the time is as likely to
       | be 4'59" as 4'30"; assuming it's 4'30" will simply minimize your
       | expected error.
        
       | geor9e wrote:
       | I have about a dozen of the absolute cheapest digital clocks
       | around my house, and every single one, I set it to the next
       | integer minute then waited for 00s to hit the button that makes
       | the : blink. So, even if every other person on earth fails to do
       | this, the average is below 30s just due to me.
        
       | iainmerrick wrote:
       | The Clock app in iOS works like this in timer mode. If you start
       | a timer for 10 seconds, you'll see the 10 for half a second, then
       | 9 through 1 for a second each, then 0 for half a second, _then_
       | it beeps. In practice it 's pretty stupid and not really useful,
       | so I wish they'd fix it.
       | 
       | There's a reason why normal countdowns work the way they do. You
       | care about the exact moment it hits zero, and with rounding you
       | lose that.
       | 
       | Clocks are not 30 seconds late.
        
       | zombiwoof wrote:
       | What a waste of 30 seconds of my life reading that
        
       | thedanbob wrote:
       | If you had two rounding digital clocks, one with seconds and one
       | without, they would switch to the next minute 29.5 seconds apart.
       | Everyone would hate that.
        
         | jillesvangurp wrote:
         | Because it would be incorrect. Like the article's main premise.
         | Flooring is the only correct behavior for minutes. And other
         | time units.
         | 
         | Big Ben may not show seconds but people would notice if it
         | started bonging 30 seconds early or late with new year. Which
         | would be the case if it rounded. It bongs right on time. That
         | kind of is the point. The news doesn't start half a minute
         | early or late either. And people joining meetings after the
         | minute changes in their clock are technically a few seconds
         | late.
        
       | devit wrote:
       | That's only the case if you interpret them as HH:MM:00. The issue
       | is fixed if you interpret them as HH:MM:30 instead.
        
       | chkaloon wrote:
       | I also thought it was interesting when basketball essentially
       | added 1 second to each game by including tenths on the game clock
        
       | dredmorbius wrote:
       | Time intervals aren't floors or rounds but _thresholds_.
       | 
       | This is most evident above the level of hours, minutes, or
       | seconds: we speak of a new day beginning (though the time at
       | which this occurs has varied culturally and regionally), or a new
       | year, decade, century, or millennium (with their own threshold
       | arguments courtesy the AWOL Year Nil in the Julian/Gregorian
       | calendrical system).
       | 
       | Birthdates are an interesting example. In Western/European
       | cultures, it's typical to count by _full years elapsed_ , such
       | that an infant within its first 12 months is 0 years old. In
       | Asian cultures, the age is given as "1", which is reflected in an
       | occasionally-used Western notion of "being in my nth year". That
       | is, a 49 year old is in their 50th year.
       | 
       | What a clock (or calendar) indicates generally is _what time
       | period you are presently in_ , that is, the second of a minute,
       | the minute of an hour, the hour of a day, day of a month, etc.,
       | etc. And what's relevant from this point of view is that _the
       | threshold is what matters_.
       | 
       | The _other_ problem touched on in this essay is of _estimating
       | time remaining to a future threshold_ , and here, rounding _is_
       | indeed useful. If you have a 10am meeting and the time presently
       | reads 9:55 am, you have _fewer than_ five minutes to arrive
       | punctually. But that is planning and not timekeeping issue,
       | strictly.
        
       | kuon wrote:
       | Now I need to extrapolate this to explain why I am 10-30minutes
       | late every time.
        
       | smcameron wrote:
       | Just sitting here with my mechanical automatic watch like some
       | kind of renaissance fair re-enactor. Probably off by a few
       | seconds, but probably less than 30.
        
       | snowwrestler wrote:
       | A clock is not showing you what time it _is_ , a clock is showing
       | you what time it most recently _was_. It is marking time, not
       | embodying time.
        
       | garbagepatch wrote:
       | Summer starts at the solstice, when the day is the longest. But
       | by then half the length of the season already passed with the day
       | approaching that point. So I think the seasons are half a season
       | off (seasonal lag notwithstanding).
        
       | kwar13 wrote:
       | What a nonsensical article. I could've used the 30 seconds I
       | skimmed it back.
        
       | zemnmez wrote:
       | I apologise for my "but, actually...":
       | 
       | Analogue clocks like the face of big ben are not like digital
       | displays, and whether they "show seconds" in the context of the
       | meaning of this article is not, like digital displays, down to
       | whether there is a dedicated hand.
       | 
       | Unlike digital displays, the largest denomination hand on an
       | analogue clock display contains _all of the information_ that the
       | smaller hands do (depending on the movement in some cases).
       | 
       | The easiest way to realise this is to imagine a clock without the
       | minute hand. Can you tell when it's half-past the hour? You can.
       | The hour hand is half way between the two hours.
       | 
       | Again, it depends on the movement, but it is not out of the
       | question that your minute hand is moving once every _second_ ,
       | and not every minute. It is down to the number of beats per unit
       | time for an analogue display as to what the minimum display
       | resolution is (regardless of if the movement is analogue or
       | digital itself).
        
         | deaddodo wrote:
         | You literally just defined the difference between digital
         | (binary) and analog (gradation).
         | 
         | A digital clock is 1:01 or 1:02. An analog clock is some tick
         | of some range (depending on the resolution, as you abstracted),
         | at all times.
        
           | lelandbatey wrote:
           | I think a slightly better term is "discrete" vs "continuous".
           | Some analog clocks are discrete, some are continuous. Some
           | digital clocks operate on a resolution so fine that they
           | _appear_ to move continuously. It 's quite lovely to find
           | those that invert your expectations when out in the real
           | world.
        
             | deaddodo wrote:
             | You're correct, thanks for the clarification. I was going
             | more with the colloquial understanding of the two (analog =
             | continuous; digital = discrete) and was trying to touch on
             | the vagueness of no true analog clock with the reference to
             | ticks/resolution.
             | 
             | However, your explanation is definitely much better.
        
             | hunter2_ wrote:
             | It's a bit more than that:
             | 
             | There are analog clocks where all hands move continuously
             | (like when there's a second hand with no discernable
             | beats). There are analog clocks where all hands move
             | discreetly once per second (60 BPM for all hands). There
             | are analog clocks where the minute hand moves at 1 BPM
             | (quantized to the floor of each minute) while the second
             | hand does something else (perhaps discrete movement at 60
             | BPM, or perhaps continuous other than a pause at the top of
             | each minute, etc.). And there are digital clocks!
        
         | jolmg wrote:
         | > it depends on the movement, but it is not out of the question
         | that your minute hand is moving once every second, and not
         | every minute.
         | 
         | I think the only place where I've seen the minute hand move by
         | the minute has been on TV, in those climactic moments where the
         | camera zooms in on the clock and strikes a certain time. Maybe
         | it's a trope, for emotional tension, like mines that don't
         | explode until you step off.
        
         | danieldk wrote:
         | _Unlike digital displays, the largest denomination hand on an
         | analogue clock display contains all of the information that the
         | smaller hands do (depending on the movement in some cases)._
         | 
         | You would be surprised. When I was a kid, I sometimes used to
         | stare at the clocks with an analog face at the train station
         | while waiting for the train to school to arrive.
         | 
         | Interestingly enough the seconds hand would go slightly faster
         | than actual seconds and at the 60 seconds the seconds hand
         | would get stuck for a moment as if it was pushing the minutes
         | hand and then the minutes hand would flip to the next minute.
         | 
         | Found a video here:
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ruGggPYQqHI
         | 
         | The description describes how they work, which seems like a
         | mixture of digital and analog (due to the use of both cogs and
         | relays + propagation of pulses from central to local clocks),
         | translated:
         | 
         | - The seconds hand makes a revolution of 57-58 seconds and is
         | then stuck for 2-3 seconds.
         | 
         | - The seconds hand is driven using 230V.
         | 
         | - The minutes hand get a 12V or 24V pulse once every 60
         | seconds. The polarity has to swap every 60 seconds. The
         | swapping of the polarity can be done using a relay or
         | specially-made components.
         | 
         | - The hours hand is driven by the minutes hand using cogs.
         | 
         | Edit: more information and references here:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss_railway_clock#Technology
        
           | Doxin wrote:
           | The key to this mechanism is that the stepping of the minute
           | hand is what unlocks the second hand. Pretty clever low-tech
           | way to keep a LOT of clocks in really close sync.
           | 
           | Dutch train stations used to have these too, I loved to watch
           | them in action while waiting for a train.
        
           | eviks wrote:
           | Thanks for the video, what a silly design, especially given
           | the Swiss reputation when it comes to clocks...
        
             | rob74 wrote:
             | If you think of the design goals (synchronizing clocks
             | across the train network) and the technology available at
             | the time, the design is actually pretty clever. Knowing the
             | exact second is not important - if the second hand actually
             | completes a whole cycle in only 58 seconds, this is still
             | good enough to be able to see how much of the minute has
             | passed. Having the exact same minute on all clocks is much
             | more important than that - especially since train departure
             | times are usually "on the minute".
        
               | eviks wrote:
               | What technology wasn't invented by the time this clock
               | was created??? And the design is bad, nothing clever
               | about it, clocks can move their minutes hand to give the
               | necessary indication
        
               | rob74 wrote:
               | What technology wasn't available in 1944 (https://en.wiki
               | pedia.org/wiki/Swiss_railway_clock#Technology) compared
               | to today? Quite a lot...
        
               | eviks wrote:
               | So name a single time tech and explain how the lack of it
               | didn't prevent other train station operators having
               | clocks without jumping hands operating even before 1944?
               | (not sure, but think that the minute timetable resolution
               | was pretty universal)
        
           | devnullbrain wrote:
           | On a wristwatch it's also easy - and probable - to set a
           | minutes hand out-of-sync with the seconds, so they don't both
           | line up at 12 at the hour.
        
         | kuschku wrote:
         | > The easiest way to realise this is to imagine a clock without
         | the minute hand. Can you tell when it's half-past the hour? You
         | can. The hour hand is half way between the two hours.
         | 
         | Can I? Many analog clocks actually "tick" the second and minute
         | hand. I've even seen some that tick the hour hand.
        
         | decentralised wrote:
         | >The easiest way to realise this is to imagine a clock without
         | the minute hand.
         | 
         | No need to imagine it, it's been invented many years ago and
         | it's called a perigraph. Meistersinger makes one of the nicest
         | I've seen: https://www.relogios.pt/meistersinger-perigraph-
         | relogio-auto...
        
       | harrall wrote:
       | If I actually have to be on time and it says 11:55, I'm not going
       | to wait 5 minutes. I would wait 4 minutes.
       | 
       | If it's more fluid, then 5 minutes is a fine estimation.
       | 
       | OP's suggestion of rounding the minutes wouldn't change anything
       | except make what I'm doing complex.
        
       | moi2388 wrote:
       | We don't floor clocks, we usually put them up on the wall..
        
       | veltas wrote:
       | Smart enough to make the proposition, but not smart enough to
       | disprove it. Middling intelligence might be the greatest threat
       | to society.
        
       | Galanwe wrote:
       | Centuries are also 50 years late on average... And everyone is on
       | average 6 months older than they say.
       | 
       | Also moving the rounding 1 place down doesn't solve anything. Now
       | your second-resolution clock is on average 500ms late unless you
       | move the decimal 1 place down again.
        
       | joestrong wrote:
       | A slightly related thing I think about someone's, is if I look at
       | the time and it's 13:05 and then I do a task and when I finish a
       | task it's 13:10, you could say that took 5 minutes, but because
       | we can't see the seconds each time could be up to a minute out.
       | So a total of 2 minutes error! Quite big if you're timing
       | something small like 5 minutes!
        
       | sukmaagung wrote:
       | Interesting,
       | 
       | When I make word clock, I make it change from "SATU LEBIH DUA"
       | ("ONE PLUS TWO", 01:02:00) to "SATU LEBIH TIGA" ("ONE PLUS
       | THREE", 01:03:00) at 01:02:30.
       | 
       | But if I make digital clock, I make it change from 01:02 to 01:03
       | at 01:03:00.
        
       | ijidak wrote:
       | Unrelated, but I've always wanted a clock that is randomly fast
       | so that I never know exactly how fast it is.
       | 
       | At worst, maybe I can set a maximum "fastness" setting.
       | 
       | Then peeking at the actual time has minimal value over the long
       | run.
       | 
       | I'm sure this already exists. But I haven't come across it yet.
        
       | riwsky wrote:
       | That's a bit of a cup half-empty way to think about it, innit
        
       | eviks wrote:
       | All universal statements like this are wrong and stem from basic
       | ignorance
       | 
       | > So when it's actually 14:15:45, they'll show 14:15. And when
       | the actual time goes from 14:15:59 to 14:16:00, then that's when
       | your clock changes from 14:15 to 14:16.
       | 
       | No, that's a silly mistake, look at the picture (though much
       | better - video) of the analogue clock to see it's not the case,
       | the minutes hand moves continuously, so isn't at 15 at 15:59
       | 
       | > the meeting is in 5 minutes.
       | 
       | That's not the only question we ask about time. Has the
       | meeting/game already started? You can't answer that with an
       | average value
       | 
       | > for some context appropriate reason) you reply with just hours,
       | you would say it's 11!
       | 
       | No, you reply would depend on the context, which you haven't
       | specified.
       | 
       | > Please someone tell me I'm not crazy
       | 
       | Of course not, just trying to replace one ambiguity with another.
       | Maybe instead come up with a more precise minutes display in
       | digital clocks that adds more info like two dots flashing when
       | it's past 30 sec and only 1 dot when it's before? (In phones you
       | could use color or a few more pixels within all the padding?)
        
         | animuchan wrote:
         | Yup, I think the "has the {thing} already started" is, for many
         | people, the most useful function of precise time anyway. All
         | sorts of work and personal meetings, transportation schedules,
         | doctor's appointments, and so on.
         | 
         | Knowing the ballpark in the form of "it's 15:30-ish", even if
         | more precise, is strictly less useful than "you're late to the
         | 15:30 meeting with your manager".
         | 
         | Fun article nonetheless, and interesting perspectives on both
         | sides!
        
         | verzali wrote:
         | > All universal statements like this are wrong and stem from
         | basic ignorance
        
       | atoav wrote:
       | The argument is a bit like saying decimals are wrong because the
       | one in "10" jumps to one after you counted to 9, which is 90% of
       | the range and not 50%.
       | 
       | But that is _the point_ of using multiple digits. Similarily the
       | point of using multiple units of time is that each of the parts
       | is in it self correct. 15:30 always means it is _after_ the 15th
       | hour and _after_ the 30th minute.
       | 
       | If you want to know it more precisely you either wait till the
       | minute changes or you get a clock with seconds. With the proposed
       | system you would not know if the time is before or after the 30th
       | minute. Also: why stop at the minute? You could also round the
       | hour.. But that would introduce a weird jump and the minute would
       | suddenly be negative 30.
        
       | TomK32 wrote:
       | My computer's clock say "twenty five past ten" and I don't even
       | take offense about the missing "-" in twenty five. It's close
       | enough for me.
        
       | nmeofthestate wrote:
       | > It would be weird if we rounded for years, months and days,
       | that's for sure ...
       | 
       | > Is it the same for the current minute of the current hour ?
       | 
       | > I'm not so sure.
       | 
       | I'm sure - it's the same.
        
       | randallsquared wrote:
       | > _If it 's 11:55, you would usually mentally subtract and
       | conclude: the meeting is in 5 minutes. That's how I always do it
       | myself anyway! But the most probable estimate given the available
       | information is actually 4'30"!_
       | 
       | But if you want to say it's M minutes, then it's either 4 or 5,
       | and 4:30 rounds to 5, so it all works out once more! :)
        
       | imdsm wrote:
       | I enjoyed this article for it's tongue-in-cheek approach. Thanks
       | Victor!
        
       | agentkilo wrote:
       | Well I was bothered by a similar problem when tweaking my StumpWM
       | modeline long time ago.
       | 
       | I wanted to show the seconds in the clock on my modeline, but the
       | modeline has a fixed refresh rate, which I set to 1HZ. Then I
       | realized my clock can _never_ be accurate.
       | 
       | Eventually I chose to hide the seconds to stop myself from having
       | those nightmares, but I think they are coming back after reading
       | this article.
        
       | briffid wrote:
       | People are usually interested in the transients.
        
       | bilsbie wrote:
       | Side note. I'm more bothered by this issue on digital
       | thermostats.
       | 
       | I don't even know if they're flooring or rounding. And sometimes
       | half a degree makes all the difference. I do wish they'd do
       | temperatures out to one decimal point.
        
       | pvtmert wrote:
       | Clocks show the time that is _passed/past_, that's the point.
       | Hence flooring is correct approach.
       | 
       | Even when you involve physics, you are seeing the nanosecond
       | past. Not the actual time. (The time that takes light to travel
       | from clock to your eyes, then your brain's processing delay via
       | neurons etc.)
       | 
       | Even the thought of being late is the same way. If something
       | starts at 13:00 and you are not already there when it is
       | 13:00:00.000, you are -by definition- late.
        
         | Aurelius108 wrote:
         | Good point, when you look at your watch your thought should be
         | "3:15 has passed" or "3:15:40 has passed". One is more precise
         | but if you think of it as a time that has already passed you
         | can budget accordingly. 3:15 tells you that 3:15:00 has
         | definitely passed and as much as 3:15:59 might have passed.
        
       | buro9 wrote:
       | It's been 2025 for 6 months already...
        
       | Zobat wrote:
       | This article tries to redefine the correct time by pointing to
       | clocks that are not precise.
        
       | turnsout wrote:
       | Wow, I've never read a wronger take in my life, and that's saying
       | something!
        
         | turnsout wrote:
         | Like even flat earth is more reasonable than this
        
       | sam_goody wrote:
       | There was a clock on HN a while ago (which I cannot now find) -
       | it has one mode in which the clock only updates itself every
       | random number of seconds, or ticks at different times within each
       | second, oor ticks according to a MIDI tune as well as it can
       | while staying within 30 seconds of the real time.
       | 
       | So, while you can just set your clock forward 30 seconds and be
       | done with it, there are some variations that someone who likes
       | thinking about this are worth playing with.
       | 
       | [My favorite mode of the referenced clock, sets the clock
       | randomly ahead between 1-5 min. Since you don't know how much
       | your clock is off by, you have to assume your clock is on time,
       | and that will give you an average 2.5 minutes to actually show up
       | on time.]
        
       | calini wrote:
       | I'm sorry, you are crazy.
        
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