[HN Gopher] Hitting OKRs vs. Doing Your Job
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       Hitting OKRs vs. Doing Your Job
        
       Author : zdw
       Score  : 333 points
       Date   : 2025-01-06 04:19 UTC (18 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (jessitron.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (jessitron.com)
        
       | gbin wrote:
       | "Let OKRs highlight a special focus. Don't try to cram everything
       | you do into them"
       | 
       | Then link compensation to OKRs then everybody just focuses on
       | bending the reality to meet the letter of the OKR and nobody is
       | interested in doing their job.
       | 
       | After the "oh shit" moment, we cram everything we do into them.
       | 
       | Then everybody ignores OKRs.
        
         | osmsucks wrote:
         | The most insulting case is that of the retroactively-adjusted
         | OKR wording so that you can always meet 0.7+ scores.
        
         | szundi wrote:
         | I remember when reading about Intel and OKRs in every
         | management execution book. I thought that's the time to sell
         | the stock.
        
           | Aromasin wrote:
           | They brought them back during my recent tenure at Intel, just
           | after Pat joined. I was an application engineer, so my
           | purpose was to debug customer support issues on our chips,
           | filter between the customer and the engineering staff, write
           | some User Guides and helpful collateral to developers, and
           | open tickets with engineering when problems were severe
           | enough. My OKRs could have just been "close tickets" and I
           | think that would have been the best ROI for the company -
           | there was never a point in my career where I didn't have
           | tickets that needed working on that were halting multiple
           | millions in revenue, but somehow my time was always spent
           | having to work on other things.
           | 
           | Management insisted on filling my OKRs with low-value 1:N
           | activities - spending time on the forum (full-time forum
           | people were paid to do that), helping sales with technical
           | discussions with customers (field engineers were paid to do
           | that), creating demos/PoCs for marketing (technical marketing
           | engineerings were paid to do that), or being part of one
           | "centre of excellence" or another wasting time in meetings
           | with non-technical people talking about how we were all going
           | to tackle problems when the reality was that no one in the
           | team had the time, talent, or political capital to do any of
           | the things we spent hours discussing.
           | 
           | To me, OKRs seem effective for the workforce in the same way
           | scout badges are effective for children to learn skills -
           | good for those who otherwise would do nothing. The issue is,
           | for intrinsically motivated people who are incredibly
           | specialised in a largely reactive role they are a distraction
           | at best, and when used for quarterly and yearly performance
           | tracking, a detriment to the core role at worst.
        
             | PaulHoule wrote:
             | I worked at a startup where the main problems I saw were:
             | 
             | (1) It was impossible for anyone to enforce anything. Our
             | genius business development guy couldn't get our head data
             | scientist to share data files with customers (say Big 5
             | accounting firms) in a way they felt were safe. I couldn't
             | get the data scientists to use standardized versions of
             | Python. (Docker just accelerated their ability to find
             | defective Pythons, such as one with Hungarian as the
             | standard charset) The engineering manager would tell me "we
             | use monads for error handling in Scala" and "we do code
             | reviews" but I don't believe the latter because the first
             | certainly wasn't true.
             | 
             | (2) We were developing core technology and developing
             | solutions for various customers. There was a lot of zigging
             | and zagging and spoiled work in progress. I felt like the
             | customer contact was helping us understand the requirements
             | for the core so I'm not complaining about that. Our
             | management practices should have been focused 100% on
             | squaring that circle.
             | 
             | The VCs believed in our vision and our BD genius (I did!)
             | but they knew we were badly managed and brought in a stream
             | of consultants some of whom were helpful and some who
             | weren't.
             | 
             | The worst was the consultant who came in and forced us all
             | to write OKRs which took two weeks against the core and
             | solution and development work that did matter for the
             | business.
             | 
             | My feeling was that my job was to pull for the team
             | wherever it needed it and it wasn't my business to set
             | goals that weren't fundamentally grounded in the needs of
             | the team. I had enough work to do that I didn't need to add
             | a single task that wasn't on that critical path.
             | Particularly customer requirements could change faster than
             | the OKR cycle, we needed practices that worked at the speed
             | of our business.
             | 
             | I was anxious that when review time came along I'd find
             | that, out of 20 OKRs, I would nail 5 of them, totally fail
             | at 5 of them and the other 10 would be in between. At
             | review time whether this is success failure would depend on
             | politics and ability to navigate politics. That genius BD
             | would deservedly get a good review, a really good coder or
             | data sci may or may not. People with high and unmitigated
             | narcissism are privileged by systems like stack ranking and
             | OKR because they are focused on presentation of self in
             | ways that average people aren't.
        
       | friendzis wrote:
       | Goodhart's law is an adage often stated as, "When a measure
       | becomes a target, it ceases to be a good measure".
        
         | blueboo wrote:
         | I prefer Campbell's Law -- the more a metric is used in social
         | decision-making, the more likely it is to be manipulated.
         | 
         | You've stated the widely-accepted formulation of Goodhart's,
         | but it can be interesting to note Charles Goodhart's original
         | statement was that "any observed statistical regularity will
         | tend to collapse once pressure is placed upon it for control
         | purposes." (The implication is people doubly go wrong presuming
         | the regularity's existence and placing pressure on it!)
        
           | friendzis wrote:
           | I'm being humorous here.
           | 
           | I kinda disagree with tour takeaway. I have expanded on this
           | idea elsewhere in this thread, however, the main point is
           | that a measure is a byproduct of an existing process. Making
           | the measure a target, i.e. process output, changes (possibly
           | inadvertently) the process itself.
           | 
           | It does not matter if the regularity truly existed or was
           | wrongly presumed to exist, as putting pressure on it
           | invalidates the causal relationship it had before.
        
             | zmgsabst wrote:
             | I'm not sure I've heard it summarized that way before: that
             | good process causes good metrics, but good metrics don't
             | cause good process.
             | 
             | People are indeed prone to affirming the consequent.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affirming_the_consequent
        
       | mrayycombi wrote:
       | https://blog.appliedcomputing.io/p/okrs-are-bullshit
        
       | padolsey wrote:
       | Now having worked in a few smaller teams since my time at FB, I
       | realize how marvellous it is to not have to worry about OKRs,
       | performance reviews and all that malarkey. It was so draining to
       | run yourself as a mini PR/brand within one's team (/one's
       | department) and market oneself (one's team) to your manager
       | (/your company).
       | 
       | So much mental bandwidth was spent.
       | 
       | I also, from a systems-thinking POV, just fundamentally reject
       | the value in OKRs as a meaningful proxy for the value you (/your
       | team) are producing unless you are an entirely mechanistic
       | function. By mechanistic I mean you have a clear discrete
       | Input<>Output expectation. Every single time an element of human
       | activity is reduced to a metric, you lose something, and if you
       | do it enough times, you've effectively produced a metric that is
       | completely distinct from the thing you intended on measuring in
       | the first place. For example: let's say you're in the suicide
       | prevention team at FB, and your OKR is 'number of suicides
       | averted'. Well, that sounds good, but unbeknownst to you,
       | perverse incentives have kicked in and invisibly imbued your
       | metric-chasing experiments a dark undertone. A new risk model
       | might start flagging more content as potentially suicidal to
       | boost numbers, leading to over-intervention that could traumatize
       | users or waste resources. Or perhaps the surface we use to
       | measure success, a UX or user activity metric, might actually be
       | uncorrelated with crisis aversion or... and this is where it
       | hits: the thing that's instrumental in crises is social media
       | itself. The metric becomes a game, and it games _you_. Your team
       | thinks you're doing X, but you're really doing Y. Because you're
       | disattached from the real problem and comforted by incredibly
       | lossy proxies.
        
         | friendzis wrote:
         | I have semi-humorously dropped a comment defining Goodhart's
         | law.
         | 
         | The problem you are describing is nothing else but Goodhart's
         | law in action: A measure stops being a good measure, i.e. be a
         | proxy for something, once there are objectives attached to it.
         | In other words, attaching goals to a metric invalidates
         | previous causal relationship.
         | 
         | That's neither bad, not good. It's a property of goal setting.
         | The problematic part is still treating the measure as if it had
         | causal relationship to something when that relationship has
         | already been invalidated. In your example, number of suicides
         | ceases to be comparable between pre and post OKR timeframes,
         | however if you look closely, this particular goal is based on a
         | metric the underlying OKR targets invalidate.
         | 
         | Yes, sometimes you get these weird tautologies where you have
         | to change the whole framework/process to make something both
         | targetable and measurable simultaneously, potentially losing
         | comparability to past data.
        
         | qznc wrote:
         | As a team within a larger company, your purpose is to
         | contribute to the larger goals. How do you know if you are
         | doing that? As this "suicide prevention team", how do you know
         | if you are doing a good job?
         | 
         | I agree with you that proxy metrics easily distract you into
         | doing Y instead of X. My opinion is that you need to iterate on
         | your metrics then. Not having metrics means it all depends on
         | the gut feeling of executives.
         | 
         | It surely is draining to be clear about your goals. I fear we
         | cannot really be politically correct and sufficiently honest
         | even. What is the real goal of having a suicide prevention
         | team? It might be token effort after some incident, then the
         | actual goal would be to as cheap as possible while still
         | maintaining the illusion. It might be to prevent future PR
         | disasters, then collection helpful evidence for lawyers should
         | be part of the job. This touches hard ethical questions and
         | these should become evident when discussing the purpose of a
         | team.
        
           | paganel wrote:
           | > How do you know if you are doing that?
           | 
           | You don't, as an individual "unit", which is part of the
           | problem, i.e. modern management's focus in trying to split
           | teams/big companies down to its "elementary" unit, the
           | employee.
           | 
           | > Not having metrics means it all depends on the gut feeling
           | of executives.
           | 
           | And that's why you need good executives, executives who have
           | good guts. You cannot automate your way into being
           | successful, at the end of it all running a company is still
           | pretty much a social endeavour, one that cannot be
           | partitioned down to individual units, neither can its success
           | or failure be explained by those individual units alone.
        
             | 0xEF wrote:
             | It's exceptionally hard to find good executives due to
             | nepotism and other problems with hiring them that result in
             | the wrong people in charge of the wrong thing more
             | frequently than not, though.
             | 
             | So we need metrics., lest we get swept away in the Trickle-
             | down Incompetence.
        
               | paganel wrote:
               | Yeah, I agree that it's a very difficult problem to solve
               | and that getting the balance right between using metrics
               | and having access to good "guts" is essential in a
               | company's forward success, but that's the state of
               | affairs we are in right now, for better or worse.
               | 
               | I also think that the companies that matter getting
               | bigger and bigger, with no actual failure on the horizon
               | (such as bankruptcy) in case of strategically wrong
               | decisions doesn't help things one bit, because in those
               | cases management failure is in many cases rewarded as
               | there's no immediate and adverse affect on the life of
               | the company itself. We need some return to creative
               | destruction, otherwise we'll be left re-arranging the
               | chairs on the deck of the Titanic (I see this type of
               | discussion on this particular subject as part of that
               | metaphorical re-arrangement) until the proverbial iceberg
               | will strike.
        
             | msoad wrote:
             | Higher ups love to be "a data guy"! Just reduce all their
             | responsibilities into a few numbers so they don't have to
             | really understand what's going on underneath them. Have you
             | notice how in love they are with their "progress
             | dashboards"? They love to kick back and put their legs on
             | the office desk watching minions making "progress" on OKRs
             | so they can report that to their manager. It's too much
             | work to really understand things and be on top of them
             | anyways...
        
               | parpfish wrote:
               | The other way that being a numbers guy lets managers be
               | lazy is that they will tell their data scientists to "do
               | an analysis" so they can say that their product decisions
               | are empirical and data driven rather than relying on any
               | obvious design/product sense.
               | 
               | If they can point to a number from a really
               | poorly/quickly done ad hoc study, they'll never worry
               | about being told they made the wrong decision
        
             | jghn wrote:
             | This has always been my beef with OKRs in the software
             | industry. Most shops are at least pretending to be agile-
             | ish. And this means that a random IC dev is pulling tickets
             | from the backlog and doing them.
             | 
             | They're not going to be personally responsible for
             | "improving the response time of the FizzBuzz server by
             | 22.3%" or anything like that. No - the product manager
             | tells the team on what they'll be working, the work gets
             | broken down into parts, and they take what's available when
             | they come up for air.
             | 
             | OKRs should never be handled at a level more granular than
             | a scrum team, or equivalent.
        
           | devjab wrote:
           | > Not having metrics means it all depends on the gut feeling
           | of executives.
           | 
           | Having spent a couple of decades in enterprise I can say that
           | in my anecdotal experience it does so anyway. I've rarely
           | seen any form of metrics put to good long term use. That's
           | not to say that it doesn't happen, but benefit relaization
           | seems to be something very few managers and teams actually
           | work with beyond hitting some metric. It's usually the most
           | obvious with changes in management. I've seen hordes of
           | measurements thrown in the bin when a new manager took over a
           | team and had different goals and values. On the flip side
           | there are a lot of negative side effects of metrics over
           | time. If you measure employees by the hour you create a
           | culture of people who won't help each-other because how do
           | they registrer that?
           | 
           | I mainly view productivity measurements as a HR tool for
           | managers who don't actually know what their team members are
           | doing. Which can happen for a lot of reasons, sometimes it
           | can be because the manager is simply bad at people
           | management, often it's because they are too busy. What is
           | especially bad about them, however, is that people aren't
           | consistently productive and what you really want to work with
           | is how to keep them motivated. A motivated great employee can
           | be unproductive in a period where they have small children, a
           | loved one is sick and so on and an unmotivated employee can
           | be very productive while simentaniously looking to leave your
           | comapny.
           | 
           | I get why these tools exist though. Most managers are weak
           | decision makers and HR supply them with tools that help them
           | over come this.
        
           | philjohn wrote:
           | I worked on the Suicide and Self Injury team at Facebook.
           | 
           | It was multi faceted, and whilst out of the door escalations
           | (to emergency services) is one metric, it was a guardrail -
           | i.e., if it went down it's likely something was wrong, not
           | because "yay we solved suicide!".
           | 
           | The more difficult thing is that sometimes it's not possible
           | to develop a metric to properly capture "decreased risk of
           | harm", and so proxy metrics have to be employed.
        
         | michaelt wrote:
         | The times I've seen OKRs and metrics used effectively, they met
         | two criteria. (1) it was always a metric closely aligned with
         | what customers want and which drives revenue for the company;
         | and (2) it didn't just impose a requirement to do work, it also
         | provided political cover for _not_ doing other, competing work.
         | 
         | For example, if you're designing GPUs and/or GPU drivers? If
         | your next-generation product has the aim of providing 25% more
         | frames per second in "Baldur's Gate 3" and "Call of Duty 6"
         | while maintaining the same quality - that would be a good
         | objective for the team, as it's closely aligned with what your
         | customers want.
         | 
         | And if someone should come to you and tell you there's a lot of
         | people streaming these days, and they think you should optimise
         | gaming FPS and h264 compression at the same time? It's a
         | sensible request but it's also a distraction; proper goal
         | setting will let you say "great idea, but not this quarter".
         | 
         | But there are a lot of fields of endeavour where it's not
         | possible to meet these criteria - like the suicide prevention
         | team from your example.
        
           | ricardobeat wrote:
           | 100% agree. There is a basic level of honesty required for
           | this to work, which seems to have gone missing due to the
           | "evolution" of corporate culture and the cash-rich
           | environment which made actual productivity a secondary
           | concern.
        
           | DanielHB wrote:
           | In my job we have metrics, but they are not mandated to
           | employees. There are no targets and stuff like that, they are
           | just there if you want to know. Managers track it and try to
           | optimize for it, but nobody bonuses or employment is on the
           | line over them. Maybe some sales people have commission, but
           | most of the customer acquisition is organic anyway.
           | 
           | Funnily enough we have a weird situation right now, where we
           | want to optimize the _cheaper_ plan of our product, meaning
           | moving people from the more expensive plans to the cheaper
           | one. It is a weird dynamic, but due to licensing our cheaper
           | plan is actually far more profitable than the more expensive
           | plans. Most clients wouldn't really miss anything from the
           | more expensive plan.
           | 
           | It is one of those rare situations where convincing people to
           | switch to the cheaper plan aligns with what is best for the
           | consumer.
        
           | aflukasz wrote:
           | > For example, if you're designing GPUs and/or GPU drivers?
           | If your next-generation product has the aim of providing 25%
           | more frames per second in "Baldur's Gate 3" and "Call of Duty
           | 6" while maintaining the same quality - that would be a good
           | objective for the team, as it's closely aligned with what
           | your customers want.
           | 
           | I can get selection of particular gaming titles, but how do
           | you come up with 25% goal? How is this closely aligned? Your
           | users tell you they want ~30% gains?
           | 
           | This seems to be completely ignoring a constant feedback loop
           | between general aspirations for the product, operated
           | timeframes, and conclusions from ongoing engineering R&D.
        
             | exe34 wrote:
             | I've never understood that sort of target - managers at
             | McDonald's had them when I flipped burgers through uni, and
             | they would just pull some numbers out of somewhere and get
             | very excited about them. then they would nag customers
             | until they hit those numbers, presumably.
        
             | michaelt wrote:
             | _> how do you come up with 25% goal?_
             | 
             | In organisations that do this kind of work, the 'marketing'
             | department isn't just about placing adverts and writing
             | blog posts. They also have people whose job is to keep
             | track of what's going on in the market, and to estimate
             | what your product needs in order to be competitive when it
             | comes out.
             | 
             | To take a simple example, the marketing team might have
             | visited https://www.tomshardware.com/reviews/amd-radeon-
             | rx-7900-xtx-... and found on 4K ultra settings that the "RX
             | 7900 XTX" shows up as 90.3 fps average and the "RTX 4090"
             | shows up as 112.6 fps average. And 112.6/90.3 = 1.246 so if
             | AMD want their next-gen flagship to outperform nvidia's
             | current-gen flagship, they need 24.6% more FPS.
             | 
             | Of course it's a lot more complicated than that in
             | practice. They'd also consider value-for-money, non-
             | flagship cards, whether users' monitors even support
             | >120fps, guessing at what nvidia's next flagship will
             | offer, interviewing big buyers like Dell, and so on. But
             | that's the general gist of it.
        
           | liontwist wrote:
           | And then customers complain that the driver is frequently
           | crashing and the team is well aware but won't fix the ticket
           | because it doesn't help them meet OKRs.
           | 
           | What you really want is: - every team working to improve the
           | customer experience - guided by leadership priorities and
           | initiatives
        
             | madeofpalk wrote:
             | > it was always a metric closely aligned with what
             | customers want
        
               | liontwist wrote:
               | All OKRs help customers, but not all customer help meets
               | an OKR.
               | 
               | Finding and fixing product problems requires
               | decentralized decision making and trust.
        
               | DrScientist wrote:
               | Indeed.
               | 
               | What I find odd, is often the biggest proponents of the
               | free market - with it's decentralised decision making
               | process ( and redundancy of effort ), decide that total
               | centralized, top down control is the best way to run
               | their own company - as they think top down decisions and
               | minimising waste through duplication is the way to go.
               | 
               | As with all things - it's a balance of course.
        
               | zeroonetwothree wrote:
               | You might want to read "The Nature of the Firm", which
               | discusses this.
        
               | DrScientist wrote:
               | That's a slightly different angle - if I understand
               | correctly it's about why firms exist at all - and if I
               | were to summarise it's because lack of trust costs - a
               | firms boundaries are created to balance transactional
               | costs ( within the firm it's low, between firms or
               | individuals it can dominate ) versus the costs of perhaps
               | not being market efficient.
               | 
               | My argument above is about not what shapes a firm's
               | boundary but how it operates internally - too much top
               | down control potentially risks exacerbating the risks
               | associated with being a company _and_ also potentially
               | increases internal transactional costs as well - worse of
               | both worlds! - all that ceremony around decision making,
               | time spent justifying existences, inability to just act.
               | 
               | Obviously as I said above - it's a balance - just as it
               | is with country/international systems.
        
               | liontwist wrote:
               | That's an easy one to answer.
               | 
               | Corporations don't have police or taxation power and so
               | have more limited impact on your individual freedom.
               | 
               | In a "free market" you can choose what firms you work for
               | and with, except the government.
               | 
               | The government would be more efficient in an autocratic
               | leadership. But government efficiency is not the
               | societies efficiency and well being
        
               | DrScientist wrote:
               | > In a "free market" you can choose what firms you work
               | for and with, except the government.
               | 
               | Eh? Nobody ever leaves one country for another?
               | 
               | > The government would be more efficient in an autocratic
               | leadership. But government efficiency is not the
               | societies efficiency and well being
               | 
               | I think the free market proponents would say otherwise -
               | one key problem is the myth of perfect information - you
               | are imagining it's possible to concentrate all the
               | required information to make any correct decision into a
               | very small group of people at the top ( and assuming
               | these people are competent and not corrupt). One of the
               | ideas behind why distributed markets work is the
               | information about what is needed is communicated by the
               | mechanisms of the market itself.
               | 
               | And to bring it back to the original post - does the CEO
               | have all the information required to direct others to
               | meet the customers need across all areas - or is it
               | better to use the collective intelligence of the entire
               | organisation?
        
               | aurareturn wrote:
               | >Finding and fixing product problems requires
               | decentralized decision making and trust.
               | 
               | Which is exponentially harder in a large company - hence
               | why OKRs are invented.
        
               | makeitdouble wrote:
               | Parent's point is that customers want more than single
               | metrics, and the metrics you leave on the side to
               | priorize the OKRs can be as critical.
               | 
               | Put another way, if your client has 20 inherent metrics,
               | you can't have 20 OKRs so you're always at risk to mess
               | it when focusing on a smaller set.
        
               | liontwist wrote:
               | Exactly. So a productive employee is one who identifies a
               | problem and knows which of the following to do:
               | 
               | - fix it themselves without anyone asking - bring it up
               | to higher management - deprioritize it based on severity
               | and leadership initiatives
               | 
               | This is the pattern taught by Jethro to Moses in the Old
               | Testament:
               | 
               |  _every great matter they shall bring unto thee, but
               | every small matter they shall judge: so shall it be
               | easier for thyself, and they shall bear the burden with
               | thee._
        
               | devsda wrote:
               | > fix it themselves without anyone asking - bring it up
               | to higher management
               | 
               | No matter what your intentions are, doing this frequent
               | enough will give you reputation of being a lonely wolf
               | and trouble maker.
        
               | liontwist wrote:
               | I'm sorry that's your experience.
               | 
               | But it can't function any other way. You are a filter of
               | small problems for everyone in the org higher than you.
               | If you bring up everything up the chain your level may as
               | well not exist.
        
               | marcosdumay wrote:
               | There are many places out there where individual
               | contributors are agency-less executors.
               | 
               | I don't think it ever worked. (Remember when Japan
               | destroyed the world's car industry just by changing that
               | single thing? And that's industry work, highly repetitive
               | and formalized.) But that never stopped managers from
               | doing something.
        
             | michaelt wrote:
             | _> And then customers complain that the driver is
             | frequently crashing and the team is well aware but won't
             | fix_
             | 
             | I slipped in the catch-all phrase "while maintaining the
             | same quality" for exactly this reason :)
             | 
             |  _> What you really want is: - every team working to
             | improve the customer experience - guided by leadership
             | priorities and initiatives_
             | 
             | What I'm saying is, in some types of organisation the goal-
             | setting process _can be how you express the leadership
             | priorities and initiatives_
        
             | InsideOutSanta wrote:
             | "every team working to improve the customer experience -
             | guided by leadership priorities and initiatives"
             | 
             | The fundamental issue is that in almost all larger
             | companies, upper management does not trust that their
             | employees are either intrinsically motivated to do a good
             | job, or are smart enough to determine what "a good job" is.
             | 
             | So rather than having a chain of trust from upper
             | management to middle management to individual contributors,
             | they seek to create a measurable control system. This
             | inevitably replaces people's intrinsic motivation to do a
             | good job with an extrinsic motivation, which only poorly
             | represents the company's actual goals. At this point, most
             | people are no longer trying to do a good job, they're
             | instead trying to make their numbers look good.
             | 
             | Upper management has effectively replaced real, meaningful
             | work with a game where everybody tries to score points, and
             | the people who don't participate in that game are
             | eventually stackranked out of the company.
        
               | blased wrote:
               | best explanation I've seen, this describes the org I'm at
        
               | cnotv wrote:
               | This literally applies to everything in this world except
               | global warming :D
        
               | PaulHoule wrote:
               | $400 a tonne CO2 tax ($4 on a gallon of gas) is enough to
               | modify behavior and encourage real CCS. This could be
               | rebated to consumers (everybody gets a $6500 check a
               | year) to make it revenue neutral. Two problems:
               | 
               | (1) A legitimacy gap. People think taxation is on ratchet
               | and wouldn't trust it to be revenue neutral and not a
               | money grab.
               | 
               | (2) It's a global problem. If there is a carbon tax in
               | the US and no carbon tax in China that's unfair for our
               | manufacturers. People will complain about the fairness of
               | any particular rebating scheme inside the US, but there
               | will always be much worse complaints about a system which
               | embraces all nations from Luxembourg to Burundi.
        
               | ericd wrote:
               | For #2, most proposals I've seen aim to put domestic
               | products on a level playing field with products from
               | countries without an equivalent tax with a "border
               | adjustment", a sort of tariff that's based on the carbon
               | intensity of the product (with a pessimistic estimate if
               | they don't know). This has the side effect of encouraging
               | other countries to adopt similar carbon taxes.
               | 
               | The EU is implementing something like that, and we're
               | seeing an uptick in appetite in the US to implement a
               | border adjustment here, partly as a result, there were a
               | few bills put forward in the last Congress, though
               | nothing has gotten very far yet.
        
               | marcosdumay wrote:
               | Besides the tariff on imported products the sibling talks
               | about, you can also rebate the tax paid on exported
               | products.
               | 
               | It's not simple to manage those adjustments, but
               | governments deal with much more complex taxes everywhere.
               | It's not a big deal.
               | 
               | And yeah, the UBI cancellation of the tax, the tariffs on
               | imported products and the rebate on exported products
               | deal with every single problem I've seen people post
               | about a carbon tax, except for "expensive gasoline will
               | destroy our economy!", that is almost always pushed by
               | people that live in a place with some of the cheapest
               | gasoline prices of the world.
               | 
               | There is an add-on that some people push where you don't
               | cancel all of the tax in an UBI, but use a part of it to
               | finance carbon capture projects. I do really like this
               | one, but it's not something that is required for things
               | to work.
        
               | PaulHoule wrote:
               | Exactly. Somebody should be able to capture carbon and
               | get a rebate from that.
               | 
               | I like it that you can spend your UBI on expensive gas or
               | to get an electric car or ride a bike, walk, WFH or
               | whatever and pocket all of your rebate.
        
               | dowager_dan99 wrote:
               | you forgot (3) an efficiency gap. No government or quasi-
               | governmental organization can deliver this program
               | without massive leakage. Look at Canada: carbon taxes go
               | into general revenues, and some portion of it gets paid
               | out of general revenues. It also doesn't matter if the
               | payment is a redistribution or an ad buy for a terrible
               | commercial on the CBC - it's all fighting climate change!
        
               | PaulHoule wrote:
               | You'd wish instead of "seeing like a state" organizations
               | would learn to "see like a consumer" and be able to
               | recognize that a terrible commercial is a terrible
               | commercial!
               | 
               | I think the efficiency gap is less than with other
               | approaches. Rather than privileging electric cars we
               | should reward people the same if they save carbon by
               | buying an electric car or riding a bike or if an
               | industrial process is replaced by one that is naturally
               | carbon free or if you take the carbon out of the stack or
               | if you take it out of the atmosphere. The market should
               | decide what is the most efficient.
               | 
               | (Note another 'efficiency' concern people have is that
               | you don't want to pay people $400/ton to store carbon
               | from fermentation at an ethanol plant that is unusually
               | cheap at $40/ton because you get nitrogen-free CO2.
               | People seem to have a moral problem with that, first
               | fundamentally, second because the ethanol plant is
               | problematic in other ways)
        
               | yellow_postit wrote:
               | A less cynical take is that communicating consistently
               | the priorities and tradeoffs the company wants to make as
               | they get larger is a hopeful use of OKRs.
               | 
               | In small teams/companies "the right thing" can be obvious
               | and the team can operate in a shared headspace with low
               | cycle time to discuss and decide tradeoffs when they
               | arise. This gets really problematic at scale.
               | 
               | Now back to the cynicism -- it's also tricky when you
               | want to hide the ball and make teams feel ok about doing
               | bad things: make time spent go up is the goal, who cares
               | if there's addiction along the way.
        
               | InsideOutSanta wrote:
               | I just fundamentally don't believe that most people in
               | most companies have an understanding of the company's
               | priorities that is worse than what an OKR encodes. In
               | fact, my experience is that most people in larger
               | companies believe, and are correct in believing, that
               | they are forced to intentionally make worse decisions
               | because better decisions have negative impacts on their
               | measured performance.
               | 
               | I've been part of an extremely effective 200 people
               | company that got acquired by a 4000 people company. We
               | all understood why we were acquired, we built a platform
               | that solved a fundamental problem the larger company had.
               | 
               | After the acquisition, this larger company's OKR and
               | measurement system was implemented for our teams.
               | 
               | We initially all ignored the system and went on as usual,
               | starting to implement our platform. Initially, things
               | went well, we made steady progress and started migrating
               | legacy projects to out platform.
               | 
               | Then, the annual stack ranking firings happened. Some of
               | our best engineers were fired. Seeing this, many other
               | top performers started looking for jobs immediately. The
               | ones that got hired elsewhere started poaching even more
               | top performers. The ones left started playing the numbers
               | game to avoid being fired.
               | 
               | Within a year, most people went from trying to solve the
               | larger company's problem to optimizing their numbers.
               | Within another year, the platform initiative had
               | completely failed and was abandoned, with most of the
               | remaining people being fired or integrated into other
               | teams.
        
               | rybosworld wrote:
               | For some reason, this is a controversial idea but: it's
               | hard to argue that multiple layers of management can
               | become anything other than bureaucracy.
               | 
               | Corporations reward an individuals tenure and experience
               | with increased decision making (often, this means manager
               | title). That increase in decision making means that less
               | senior IC's become less autonomous, even when they
               | inevitably exceed their superior's experience on the
               | topic.
               | 
               | The level of autonomy is at odds with the number of
               | managers. Some people argue this is a good thing. I argue
               | that those people are just managers justifying their
               | jobs.
        
               | mandevil wrote:
               | I've been at hugely decentralized companies (several
               | thousand engineers, one level of management between me as
               | team lead and the actual executives). Each team was fully
               | empowered to solve their problems in the best manner and
               | they went off and did it. It had downsides. In
               | particular, teams often encountered similar problems, and
               | each team solved that problem differently. There was no
               | one in a position to see that Team A and Team D were both
               | solving problem theta, and that Team D's solution was
               | better, and Team A should just use Team D's (or, more
               | often, that we needed to detail an engineer to solve
               | problem theta fully and get both teams to use that full
               | solution rather than the jury-rig that each team had
               | built). There was also no one to keep us informed that
               | Team Ssang-giyeok had already solved the issue months ago
               | and we could just use their solution.
               | 
               | Internal communications like that are a scale problem: in
               | a small company, the matrix of personal relationships is
               | basically full, but as companies get larger, the matrix
               | gets sparser and sparser. By the time you have a 100,000
               | employees in time zones all over the world your matrix is
               | almost all 0's with only occasional 1s. And so
               | information will travel quite poorly without people whose
               | explicit tasks are to convey information to the right
               | people. That's what managers and internal bureaucracy are
               | supposed to do. Sometimes that information is "we need to
               | build this and not that," sometimes it's "employee 24601
               | is great and should be given more responsibility,"
               | sometimes it's "this project is a Kafkaesque nightmare of
               | un-ending pain that will never be delivered as scoped."
               | But identifying this information and sharing it with the
               | correct other people- that's what middle-management is
               | supposed to do.
               | 
               | Believe me, I am not generally a fan of bureaucracy (as I
               | type this I'm _supposed_ to be fixing a problem that is
               | somewhere in the interface between my 100k employee
               | company and another 100k+ employee company, and it 's
               | goddamn terrible), but it does have value beyond just
               | fief-building.
        
               | InsideOutSanta wrote:
               | The interesting thing is that we have solved this. Groups
               | of people much larger than single corporations work
               | together effectively using systems like GitHub,
               | Wikipedia, or npm, without overloading the social graph.
               | I don't know why companies don't use similar systems
               | internally -- although I'm sure some do, but perhaps they
               | don't advertise it, because it's a huge competitive
               | advantage.
        
               | mandevil wrote:
               | The modal OSS project is a one man band, or at most 2-3
               | people involved. By the time you get to something large
               | scale there is also quite a bit of bureaucracy there too.
               | Look at something like, to pick something mostly at
               | random, a single project of the Linux Foundation,
               | KernelCI, devoted to building CI for the Linux Kernel.
               | And that has a Technical Steering Committee, ad hoc
               | working groups, differentiation of responsibilities, etc.
               | It has, for all practical purposes, just the sorts of
               | middle management that I'm talking about.
        
               | geewee wrote:
               | I don't really think we have. There are many open source
               | projects that duplicate work for a variety of reasons.
               | Perfectly fine for stuff you want to do, but probably not
               | an optimal allocation of resources
        
               | aidenn0 wrote:
               | > In particular, teams often encountered similar
               | problems, and each team solved that problem differently.
               | There was no one in a position to see that Team A and
               | Team D were both solving problem theta, and that Team D's
               | solution was better, and Team A should just use Team D's
               | (or, more often, that we needed to detail an engineer to
               | solve problem theta fully and get both teams to use that
               | full solution rather than the jury-rig that each team had
               | built). There was also no one to keep us informed that
               | Team Ssang-giyeok had already solved the issue months ago
               | and we could just use their solution.
               | 
               | Convince me that this duplication of work is worse when
               | you have to shoehorn solution X into solving problem
               | theta poorly, because someone 2 degrees (or more) removed
               | from the problem thought that problem iota (which X
               | actually solves) was "basically the same thing" as
               | problem theta.
        
               | rqtwteye wrote:
               | "The fundamental issue is that in almost all larger
               | companies, upper management does not trust that their
               | employees are either intrinsically motivated to do a good
               | job, or are smart enough to determine what "a good job"
               | is."
               | 
               | That's what i have concluded a long time ago. Upper
               | management has a deep distrust of their employees and
               | acts accordingly. They will hire consultants or external
               | people before they will listen to their employees. I
               | think part of it is that a lot of them don't really
               | believe in anything themselves and only blindly try to
               | fulfill goals set by their CEO or board of directors.
        
               | stevenklein wrote:
               | Ideally management is working with IC teams to set good
               | Key Results. Management shares context of what's
               | important (objectives) and IC teams propose good
               | quantitative measures (key results) of how they'll
               | achieve it.
        
               | rqtwteye wrote:
               | Yes, "ideally". I have never seen meaningful numbers as
               | targets. Sometimes it works for a short term effort but
               | in most cases you have ten different measures tha5 are
               | important
        
               | pbhjpbhj wrote:
               | Do they "not trust" or do they not have a clue whether to
               | trust them?
        
               | rqtwteye wrote:
               | The result is the same. If a manager can't judge whether
               | their employees are trustworthy they are not competent
               | for the job.
        
               | JALTU wrote:
               | Consultants also provide political cover if things go
               | sideways. Conversely, if the consultants operate well,
               | the executive sponsor might be promoted and thus there is
               | value delivered. But really the question is, "Are you
               | working someplace where there is a culture of promoting
               | from within?"
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | Intrinsic motivation is great, it's a powerful force and
               | can enable amazing accomplishments. But it's not
               | something that management can necessarily rely upon.
               | Sometimes there's shitty work that just has to get done
               | for legal compliance or to meet customer demands or
               | whatever, and to make that happen management needs a
               | control system to create extrinsic motivation. In any
               | large organization it's not possible to have everyone
               | doing interesting, meaningful work.
        
               | InsideOutSanta wrote:
               | I've never seen that actually be a problem when people
               | were motivated and empowered to make decisions on their
               | own. In my experience, people by and large don't mind
               | doing boring work if they feel that it is necessary or
               | valuable.
               | 
               | I worked at a small company when GDPR was introduced, and
               | people volunteered to read up on it, and work with an
               | external lawyer to write specs on what we had to do,
               | because they knew that it had to be done and wanted the
               | company to succeed.
        
               | rescbr wrote:
               | > Upper management has effectively replaced real,
               | meaningful work with a game where everybody tries to
               | score points, and the people who don't participate in
               | that game are eventually stackranked out of the company.
               | 
               | This. Got managed out of a previous employer as I didn't
               | want to participate in the numbers game by focusing on
               | the customer.
               | 
               | If you are senior enough, you can get away with it for a
               | long time. Customers liked me, account managers too (as
               | their customers increased spending), and my manager (at
               | the director level) had my back. That was all good until
               | the day they put another management layer between the
               | director and me...
        
               | burningChrome wrote:
               | Was at a company for ten years and same thing.
               | 
               | Although what happened was slightly different. I was a
               | developer. Came in fresh faced and worked my ass off.
               | Took on additional work, went to copious amounts of
               | conferences, networked outside of team constantly, always
               | finished my Sprint work ahead of time. Did everything a
               | high performing dev would do. On a scale of 1-5, I was
               | ranked a 3 (meeting expectations), barely any bonus,
               | barely any salary increase.
               | 
               | I was like, "WTF?!?!" and was naturally pretty pissed.
               | Next year? Barely did anything. Came into the office for
               | morning standup, left, worked from home rest of the day.
               | I constantly took afternoons off, Still got work done on
               | time, did the absolute minimal amount of work. I was
               | "silently quitting" before anybody ever coined the
               | phrase. Next years review? Yeap, you guessed it, another
               | 3.
               | 
               | That pretty much confirmed to me that nothing was ever
               | going to change if I was working my ass off or just doing
               | the absolute minimal amount of work. This lasted another
               | two years before they finally offshored my team and I
               | left the company with several great references.
               | 
               | It was a great lesson to learn that its just a game, and
               | you either do everything to stand out which has a high
               | mental and emotional cost, or you simply refuse to play
               | the game, retain your sanity, and look at your job as
               | simply a means to an end as opposed to a satisfying
               | career.
        
               | mysticllama wrote:
               | i worked at a FAANG co and managed to make it 3 years
               | focusing on solving problems that widely bothered users.
               | there were several instances where i had to -fight- to
               | ship critical bug fixes because the fixes so-happened to
               | regress an obscure metric someone was baby-sitting...
               | 
               | the first time this happened, i felt like my brain was
               | going to explode -- so wait, you want me to leave the
               | main app feed broken and people pissed off because the
               | comment-notes-experience-home-ex team's weekly comment
               | rate is slightly regressing?
               | 
               | writing this out, not sure how i lasted as long as i did.
        
               | InsideOutSanta wrote:
               | "you want me to leave the main app feed broken"
               | 
               | This reminds me of when we introduced Yammer at a
               | company. Initially, it worked great, everybody loved it,
               | it was super valuable to share information internally.
               | Then, at some point, the feed broke and it somehow
               | started demoting the most valuable posts, requiring much
               | more time to be sure that you had caught up on everything
               | relevant to you.
               | 
               | Then I read an interview with the CEO where he bragged
               | how they were data-driven and were optimizing for
               | engagement. My guess is that somebody had figured out
               | that hiding important information created more
               | "engagement" because people now had to spend more time
               | searching for the stuff that was relevant to them.
               | 
               | This person probably got a promotion, and we switched to
               | a different system half a year later.
        
               | kridsdale1 wrote:
               | I worked on Facebook News Feed for a number of years. I
               | wonder if we were coworkers. This is what it was like.
        
             | macspoofing wrote:
             | >And then customers complain that the driver is frequently
             | crashing and the team is well aware but won't fix the
             | ticket because it doesn't help them meet OKRs.
             | 
             | You highlight the danger of goal setting - where the goal
             | becomes an end onto itself. I disagree with your adjustment
             | however. It's too vague as written, and if you attach KRs
             | to it, you'll end up where you started (with a KR like
             | 'improve fps performance of game X by 25%')
             | 
             | Ideally, you fix the issue, but you track it as having
             | impact on achieving the OKR. Achieving OKRs _should_ not be
             | seen as a  "be-all and end-all" ... Failing an OKR _should_
             | be seen as a opportunity for improvement. If the
             | corporation sets a goal of improving game FPS performance
             | but is unable to meet it because of technical debt, that
             | _is_ good information that needs to be managed.
        
             | PaulHoule wrote:
             | Something I appreciate about small workplaces is that,
             | often, people have a shared sense of the purpose of the
             | organization and strong teamwork.
             | 
             | It manifests in little things. We were waiting outside the
             | conference room last week for our manager to get the keys
             | to unlock it. Nobody told me to, I wasn't responsible for
             | snacks, but I picked up the trays of pastries and brought
             | them in and put them in the right place and joked "It's my
             | New Years resolution to squat anything I can get my arms
             | around." I got thanked.
             | 
             | In startups you often have to get things done quicker than
             | you can hire new people to do it. A lot of people have the
             | attitude that they have a certain circle of responsibility,
             | which is necessary and appropriate in a large organization,
             | but in a small organization I like it that people have
             | internalized the goals of the organization and are willing
             | and able to pinch hit.
             | 
             | I think people often get this attitude working in small
             | businesses, like a little shop that sells knick-nacks at
             | the beach or the summer that I got re-hired at a
             | supermarket that owed me a favor despite not really hiring
             | at the time. I worked about 50% at the front end and the
             | other 50% doing odd jobs directly under the store manager
             | which meant they'd have me paint a metal line that ran
             | around the outer wall of the store or sub for people in the
             | deli (learn to work the meat slicer) or bakery, etc.
             | 
             | In a big organization you need some rigidity, but big
             | organizations can also be seen as a collection of small
             | organization (e.g. "employees don't leave companies,
             | employees leave managers")
             | 
             | It's a pet peeve of mine when people in a startup don't
             | have a flexible attitude.
        
               | JALTU wrote:
               | 100% and people in startups tend to have more of an
               | ownership approach vs "not my job, nor in my job
               | description" attitude. Not suggesting here that options
               | are the answer, just echoing my experience in the small
               | workplace vs large.
        
             | haolez wrote:
             | "KR #3: the amount of bugs reported by users must not
             | increase from our baseline"
             | 
             | Solved :)
        
               | jayd16 wrote:
               | Replace the bug report system with a maze of menus so as
               | to reduce the reports.
               | 
               | Now we're getting key results.
        
               | Spooky23 wrote:
               | Policy: "Bug reports are only accepted once they are
               | validated and fixed"
        
               | haolez wrote:
               | This only happens if people are evaluated based on OKRs,
               | which is not what this tool was originally about. High
               | Output Management, as far as I can remember, says that
               | such a tool must be used solely for communication, i.e.
               | to avoid having people ask the same questions over and
               | over again (and to enable descentralized decision
               | making).
        
             | gosub100 wrote:
             | > the team is well aware but won't fix the ticket because
             | it doesn't help them meet OKRs.
             | 
             | Oh, someone will fix it. But it won't be the glamorous team
             | that does the "lead" development. It will be a less
             | desirable team that is relegated to "maintenance coding"
             | and is paid substantially less than the premier team that
             | created the big and got the bonus
        
           | beAbU wrote:
           | > a metric closely aligned with what customers want and which
           | drives revenue for the company
           | 
           | My experience says these two things are often mutually
           | exclusive.
        
             | hobs wrote:
             | Add a meta rule - only pursue revenue sources that make
             | both of you money - that's called being a good company.
             | 
             | Many people will say I am leaving stuff on the table, and I
             | say that they are literally parasites.
        
               | PaulHoule wrote:
               | I was a Linux zealot in the 1990s. I had a conversation
               | with a friend from college who was developing solutions
               | based on Windows in Arizona who told me that he loved
               | Microsoft because Windows was a platform that made people
               | like _him_ rich.
        
               | cpeterso wrote:
               | That matches Bill Gates' definition of a platform:
               | 
               |  _" A platform is when the economic value of everybody
               | that uses it, exceeds the value of the company that
               | creates it."_
        
           | stevenklein wrote:
           | This is the crux of what's wrong with the original article
           | IMO. Key results that are customer centric as opposed to
           | "ship {thing}" help keep teams focused on the thing that
           | actually matters.
           | 
           | Of course there will be a tendency to try to game the metric,
           | but the flip side of having customer centric goals is teams
           | become feature factories, building idea after idea without
           | constantly evaluating "are the things we're shipping driving
           | the change in customer behavior they're intended to drive".
        
           | jayd16 wrote:
           | But this is such a good example of why these hard metrics are
           | terrible.
           | 
           | You actually probably don't want just 25% more, you probably
           | want 30hz or 60hz or VRR support and you don't care about
           | going from 92 to 118. The easy metric doesn't necessarily
           | correlate to user desire.
           | 
           | And like you mention, it disincentivizes reprioritizing with
           | changing user desires simply because you didn't predict it or
           | could come up with some other better metrics for something
           | else.
           | 
           | It's opposite of being agile but of course you see the same
           | company claim they do both.
        
             | michaelt wrote:
             | _> You actually probably don 't want just 25% more, you
             | probably want 30hz or 60hz or VRR support and you don't
             | care about going from 92 to 118._
             | 
             | Then someone probably ought to tell the GPU review
             | industry, because for the past 20+ years FPS on current
             | popular games has been a key focus of their reporting :)
             | 
             | I count 462 mentions of fps in
             | https://www.tomshardware.com/reviews/gpu-
             | hierarchy,4388.html
        
               | jayd16 wrote:
               | You misunderstand. There are thresholds where FPS
               | produces visible results and there is diminishing returns
               | after 60fps as most displays cannot do more than that.
               | 
               | When you make a game you'd want to hit those thresholds
               | for as many users as possible. When you're reviewing
               | cards all you can do is give a sampling of the landscape
               | to get a rough sense of how the card would do in any
               | given game.
        
             | nine_k wrote:
             | > _from 92 to 118_
             | 
             | Or maybe yes; 120 Hz gaming monitors are a thing, and give
             | some advantage. You probably want to target something like
             | Doom Eternal, not BG3 though.
             | 
             | As you see, it all depends on _who is your customer_ , and
             | then _what matters to your customer_. This is the closest
             | proxy to the company 's bottom line, and usually is not as
             | fickle.
        
               | jayd16 wrote:
               | Yes, it gives _some_ advantage. The point is that its not
               | a binary metric to hit 25% exactly, nor is it some linear
               | correlation.
               | 
               | As stated its also likely not possible. Even a free 10%
               | improvement across the board would be massive. Imagine
               | _only_ getting 20% more perf out of a driver and yet the
               | bonus is marked as below target.
               | 
               | The numbers were picked because they were easy to pick,
               | not because they were deeply thought through and that
               | happens all the time with these OKRs. That's why they're
               | dangerous.
        
           | marcosdumay wrote:
           | That's a product OKR, not a personal OKR.
           | 
           | Yes, product OKRs can work, as long as you listen enough to
           | feedback. In fact, you probably can't ever creating anything
           | good without them. But I don't think most people even call
           | them "OKR".
        
         | jhghikvhu wrote:
         | > It was so draining to run yourself as a mini PR/brand within
         | one's team (/one's department) and market oneself (one's team)
         | to your manager (/your company).
         | 
         | Counter point. This is always inevitably a thing. They were
         | only making the implicit explicit.
        
           | aiizo wrote:
           | Yes but this being made into a formal process and having to
           | regularly interact with that process is what's so draining.
           | 
           | Not having to deal with this is one of the positives about
           | working in a small startup versus a long-established large
           | corporate.
        
           | Lionga wrote:
           | In big teams you are right it almost is inevitable.
           | 
           | It is not in small (say below 5 people) teams/ organisations.
           | At least not in the ones I worked in.
        
           | sunshowers wrote:
           | No, not to the extent that it was and is the case at FB. I
           | think people who haven't worked at FB don't quite understand
           | the degree to which PSC culture pervades the company. It's
           | absolutely more intense than Google, Apple or Microsoft,
           | though I'm not as sure about Amazon. Valve seems differently
           | intense in a way that I think is a negative overall.
           | 
           | A bit pithy, but: The goal of most enterprises is to build
           | useful goods and services for its customers. The goal of Meta
           | is to evaluate its employees.
        
         | robertlagrant wrote:
         | > For example: let's say you're in the suicide prevention team
         | at FB, and your OKR is 'number of suicides averted'
         | 
         | That sounds like the sort of old-school KPIs that OKRs were
         | meant to replace. I don't know if it's just impossible to
         | measure anything, and you should just rely on a managers' word
         | for how any team is doing, or if the people who did KPIs are
         | now infecting OKRs.
        
           | Izkata wrote:
           | They've always been closely related. The "KR" in OKR is "what
           | is the new target for the KPI in order to reach O?"
        
         | theGnuMe wrote:
         | The FB suicide risk detector OKR is an interesting example.
         | It'd make a great business school / psychology case study.
         | 
         | We measure something because we need something to measure even
         | if it is divorced from reality.
        
         | QuadmasterXLII wrote:
         | Safari's idiotic AI has decided that every time I want to go to
         | youtube, I actually want to go to a specific clip of peppa pig
         | failing to learn how to whistle
         | 
         | Google's idiotic AI has decided that the clip of peppa pig
         | failing to whistle depicts suicidal ideation, and so every time
         | I visit the clip I get a big dramatic black rectangle and a
         | therapyspeak question "Am I an adult who is prepared to view a
         | depiction of suicide." It took me embarassingly long to notice
         | that this nessage, repeated constantly enough, was actually
         | affecting my mood.
         | 
         | Your scenario is generous in assuming that the suicide
         | prevention FAANGers who coded up this situation are
         | intelligently following bad incentives. I think its more likely
         | that their intelligence is just found lacking, when unfairly
         | compared to the galaxy brain needed to actually guess the
         | consequences of our actions at this scale.
        
         | TheBigSalad wrote:
         | At FB would the 'boots on the ground' devs be required to do
         | OKRs? Or were they done at the team or manager level?
        
           | fsociety wrote:
           | I did not do any OKRs on an infrastructure team. Qualitative
           | results were just as valued, and we had the quantitative
           | knobs to dial when needed thanks to excellent internal
           | tooling and service maturity.
           | 
           | I found it to be the ironic part of working at one of the
           | most data-driven companies. We didn't do OKRs in my org
           | despite using data to drive decisions. I much prefer this to
           | OKR hell.
        
           | zeroonetwothree wrote:
           | It depends substantially based on which org you are in. But
           | generally it is at the team level, so it would mostly be on
           | the EM/TL/senior eng on the team.
        
         | loloquwowndueo wrote:
         | > you've effectively produced a metric that is completely
         | distinct from the thing you intended on measuring in the first
         | place
         | 
         | Basically Goodhart's law
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goodhart%27s_law
        
         | dfxm12 wrote:
         | You have invoked Goodhart's Law. The problem is, of course,
         | that most managers are not good at _their_ task of evaluating
         | talent, proving the worth of their services, etc. and try to
         | take the easiest way out of it. Sometimes this means
         | outsourcing the job to you or picking a poor thing to measure.
        
         | roland35 wrote:
         | When I was at fb, I had the curse of being given an extremely
         | vague goal as a new hire. Unfortunately, it was quite difficult
         | to establish meaningful metrics AND hit them in a half! Like
         | you said, I spent way more time on my self review than I
         | wanted...
        
         | eweise wrote:
         | I'm experiencing large company culture for the first time after
         | being in small startups. What I object to the most, is the
         | competition between engineers created from the goal setting and
         | performance reviews. At startups, I had a domain that I could
         | own. Now, at largco, everyone tries to take over my area in an
         | effort to build their resumes. I used to view fellow engineers
         | as teammates, now I see them as my competition.
        
           | PaulHoule wrote:
           | Funny in a startup I value people being pinch hitters. Sure
           | you should have your domain but if there is some exceptional
           | event I want somebody to be able to cover for you or for you
           | to do some job that wasn't even on the roster yesterday.
        
             | eweise wrote:
             | True. I guess what I mean is that other engineers try to
             | take over the architecture and design. For instance, I had
             | a fellow engineer without even talking with me, create a
             | 2.0 vision doc for part of the system that I had designed
             | and was mainly responsible for. This was clearly an attempt
             | by them, to raise their status and influence.
        
           | nedrocks wrote:
           | I feel the same way. There's a shift that happens at around
           | 80 people where not everyone rows in the same direction.
           | Incentives become different because not everyone "lives and
           | dies" together or by the same metric. By the time you are at
           | bigco status, this is so ingrained that work becomes repeated
           | prisoner's dilemma trials.
        
             | MortyWaves wrote:
             | 80 seems like a specific number
        
           | 98codes wrote:
           | The key to largeco success is to understand that when you own
           | a certain area, especially if it's an area that will generate
           | opinions or a visibility boost, you will need to manage your
           | full stack, not just the code you write. Code access, PR
           | acceptability requirements, roadmap, triaged backlog, and
           | communication upwards, downwards, and sideways.
           | 
           | If you're not doing that work, either someone else is going
           | to do it or it'll cause issues down the road. Look at it this
           | way: you can either be grateful that so many folks are
           | wanting to help you in your effort and coordinate that
           | effort, or you can stick to the code and complain that
           | someone else is trying to steal your credit.
           | 
           | All of this hinges entirely on your direct manager (and to an
           | extent their manager) being an actually good manager, and not
           | a microcontroller, pass-the-buck-er, or an empty chair.
        
             | eweise wrote:
             | "All of this hinges entirely on your direct manager (and to
             | an extent their manager) being an actually good manager"
             | I've found this to be a pretty tall ask at most companies.
             | IMO If companies got rid of most of the performance and
             | goal setting, most lower level managers could just convert
             | to project management and teams would be a lot more
             | effective.
        
           | jorblumesea wrote:
           | It's not a startup vs large company problem but a DNA/company
           | culture thing. I've been at 50 person startups that
           | implemented okrs like Meta or Google.
        
           | burningChrome wrote:
           | Interesting take.
           | 
           | I believe there is some truth to what you're saying. My
           | experience was slightly different where all the devs were
           | working together, nobody "owned" an entire domain. Mainly
           | because if a dev left, we needed to have someone else on the
           | team capable of picking that up and move forward without
           | everything falling apart because we had a chokepoint on
           | something because one dev held all the keys to it.
           | 
           | But it was the same thing, the sense of everybody working for
           | a common goal, and devs never judging each other. We found
           | ways we complimented each other in order to be more
           | efficient. There were times when you really did feel your
           | worth as a dev and all those sort of romantic ideas of what
           | being a dev was? And there you were, living it every day and
           | being super proud of working shoulder to shoulder with some
           | very talented people who saw you just as talented as they
           | were.
           | 
           | Big Corp? 100% spot on with your observation. Its a fucking
           | shark tank and at times, I felt like I was in a mosh pit.
           | fighting off other devs, over zealous project managers trying
           | to get me to do stuff that would make them look good,
           | directors who constantly cut corners to make themselves look
           | better at the cost of your bonus and promotions. Add in the
           | abnormal turn over and feeling like I never had any stability
           | on any of the teams I was on, I just never felt like I fit in
           | anywhere. It was very high school stuff I didn't want to deal
           | with.
        
           | deepsun wrote:
           | You got into a good large company. In huge old companies
           | (e.g. gov) there's often the opposite problem -- no one wants
           | to take anything. They know that if they do something at
           | least once -- it becomes their problem forever. With some
           | amount of job security fiefdoms of course.
        
         | epolanski wrote:
         | > Every single time an element of human activity is reduced to
         | a metric, you lose something
         | 
         | Also, metrics eventually become the goal and are gamified.
        
         | treetalker wrote:
         | I think Laozi and Zhuangzi had something to say about this.
        
         | sunshowers wrote:
         | One of the biggest culture shocks I had during my time at FB
         | was when we were doing Mononoke, this completely greenfield
         | project with a ton of unknowns (first big Rust project!), and
         | we got a new skip level who was previously on the web
         | performance team (super narrow and directed).
        
         | lumost wrote:
         | The challenge is we don't have an alternative, at a small
         | company your performance boils down to "does the ceo want to
         | fire you?". The extent to which the ceo does not want to fire
         | you depends on the reasonableness of that CEO, as well as how
         | much the CEO cares.
         | 
         | In an established small/medium business with flat growth, it's
         | entirely possible that no one cares to fire anyone, sits also
         | possible the CEO expects everyone to work nights and weekends
         | while being a top competitive coder.
        
       | lifeisstillgood wrote:
       | OKRs are just another word for priority. You have an infinite
       | amount of "could do" and a limited amount of "must do", and
       | "must" is very rarely clear a year or more out in any measureable
       | sense
       | 
       | So eventually we come to "support the overriding mission", and
       | record everything we do, and we can retroactively look to see who
       | contributed most.
       | 
       | It will never be who you think
       | 
       | Plus that part is so politically driven you may as well say
       | "elites will reward elites, those with skills will leave if they
       | can find somewhere"
        
         | lifeisstillgood wrote:
         | Just a thought but if "elites reward elites" is a truism, then
         | only when you spread enough wealth around that elites become so
         | common that democracy is the only viable means for elites to
         | reward other elites...
        
       | qprofyeh wrote:
       | As an engineer I have nothing against OKRs. But it's often the
       | day-to-day management (EM or PM) who tend to override the team's
       | OKRs for upper management to prioritize something ad-hoc & out of
       | scope they agreeably said Yes to.
        
         | Cthulhu_ wrote:
         | And that's fine I think, it's why a lot of companies are using
         | one or more of the agile methodologies. But if that's combined
         | with OKRs then said OKRs need to be adjusted, and it'll be down
         | to the manager to pay that cost.
         | 
         | We use SAFe at my current job (please don't look at the
         | website, if you thought the "scrum" infographic was too big
         | already lol); we set quarterly goals and objectives, usually
         | don't meet them because Reasons, but if there is an incident or
         | change that warrants changing those goals it's a Big Thing and
         | we basically redo the planning sessions (two days or so); it's
         | a big disruption and it's costly so it's not done lightly.
         | We've only done that once in the past two and a half years or
         | so.
        
           | wesselbindt wrote:
           | > it's a big disruption and it's costly so it's not done
           | lightly
           | 
           | Isn't this the very definition of not being agile?
        
             | robertlagrant wrote:
             | It's what the consulting class invented to lift the power
             | that agile places in individual teams back up to
             | management.
        
         | xtracto wrote:
         | Engineering OKR: Make system like more stable and with less
         | bugs.
         | 
         | Product: Here are these 1567 story points for this new sprint
         | with new product development stuff which is urgent and should
         | be completed in 2 weeks.
        
       | ozim wrote:
       | I always like to observe people who want quick results reading
       | about agile or OKRs or KPIs and then handsomely shooting
       | themselves into foot.
       | 
       | Other fun thing is having management mandate those things and
       | people who don't have time to understand all that stuff implement
       | it.
       | 
       | Worst one is having ambitious young people thinking if they push
       | for implementing those things they will be ,,real professionals"
       | - that is how dev teams go to crawl enforcing all BS rules and
       | product teams bikeshedding OKRs instead of delivering stuff.
        
         | throwawaysleep wrote:
         | The need for "impact" in performance evaluations is also the
         | cause of a lot of bike shedding.
         | 
         | I had a meeting the other day where my manager sent our team
         | and told us to "be visible so we have something to report for
         | year end about broader impact."
         | 
         | We basically disrupted a meeting with poorly thought out
         | commentary to put "cross pollination" on our self summaries.
        
         | ibejoeb wrote:
         | >ambitious young people thinking if they push for implementing
         | those things they will be ,,real professionals"
         | 
         | This is a real problem. It can destroy a successful operation.
         | I don't specifically want to blame "young" or any other
         | particular attribute, but it's common in that ambitious
         | corporate type. Hiring managers, especially in startups, should
         | really think about a newcomer's background. If someone comes
         | from services where the name of the game is billable hours, it
         | is going to be ingrained that there are processes that exist to
         | justify those hours. That fails when your client is your
         | company.
        
       | praptak wrote:
       | Duh, obviously I want "shipping the roadmap" in the OKRs. OKRs
       | should capture everything you plan to do, otherwise what's the
       | point? Obviously I don't want the _whole_ roadmap, just the part
       | we commited to. You probably also don 't want _only_ the roadmap,
       | for obvious reasons.
       | 
       | There's never enough time to do everything that's planned or
       | necessary and OKRs should be the tool that lets you resolve the
       | conflicts. Ship feature X or fix the infrastructure? "X is in
       | OKRs, let's work on X". "X is not in OKRs and we have KR to get
       | Y% success on autodeployments, let's fix infra".
       | 
       | What I definitely don't want is "do OKRs and also do roadmap".
       | The only things that should _not_ be in the OKRs are ones where
       | prioritization is trivial (like  "fix critical outages").
        
       | SteveVeilStream wrote:
       | The reality of OKRs (or Rockefeller Habits or any other company
       | wide framework for establishing priorities and goals,) is that by
       | going through the exercise of trying to create them across the
       | company, you often discover that there are meaningful disconnects
       | in how teams are prioritizing work or how teams function vs how
       | other stakeholders in the company believe those teams are
       | operating. The real value comes from diving deeper into
       | understanding those things. However, companies often view those
       | as annoyances and find a way to plow the goals through while
       | completely missing that learning opportunity.
        
         | AndrewSChapman wrote:
         | This. High level OKRs should be set by the company to steer the
         | ship, and engineering OKRs should align with the company OKRs.
         | Thus, the roadmap is defined by the OKRs - I believe that's the
         | whole point.
        
           | WXLCKNO wrote:
           | It just takes so many cycles to get to a point where everyone
           | in the company is on-boarded to OKRs properly and by then
           | people are burnt out on them, going through the motions
           | without seeing the value, at least from the bottom up.
        
         | zoul wrote:
         | Yes! Instead of data-driven management, I believe in
         | conversation-driven management. Frameworks such as OKRs are a
         | way to spark helpful conversations.
        
           | maayank wrote:
           | Or, you could have these conversations without OKRs?
        
         | ghaff wrote:
         | Large organizations also just have to be more process-driven
         | and formal. And it's fine if you don't like that. At a former
         | employer, I was much happier when it was a medium-sized
         | enterprise than when it grew by almost 10x. A lot of things had
         | to change that weren't really to my liking (or skill set) but
         | they had to.
        
           | tyleo wrote:
           | I also agree with this. I've been at growing companies that
           | lacked processes like OKRs and then adopted them. The reason
           | they crop up is to organize the chaos of hundred person
           | teams.
           | 
           | On a 30 person team you're constantly talking to everyone and
           | don't need an overarching framework. As you get to 300, teams
           | may do duplicate or incompatible work. There is too much
           | going on to follow unless you start getting a more formal
           | process in place.
        
         | rfdearborn wrote:
         | Yeah: the value of (good) OKRs is as a proof of work for the
         | process of aligning teams' vectors with business objectives /
         | each other.
        
       | justinl33 wrote:
       | I strongly believe that the addition of every metric brings with
       | it an associated productivity tax in the form of: 1. time spent
       | doing things that exploit this metric 2. time spent purely
       | documenting/surfacing this metric on your 'brand'
        
       | michidk wrote:
       | Yes, exactly this! We are actually spending soo much time
       | deriving, thinking, formulating & refining OKRs from roadmap
       | items that we could just declare as simple "Goals". We could get
       | so much shit done during that time.
       | 
       | Most of the time as the quarter goes on, we then scrap those OKRs
       | anyway because we didn't manage to do them or they were too
       | specific and requirements changed.
       | 
       | I always had the feeling that what we are doing is bullshit. So
       | great to finally hear it from someone else.
       | 
       | I wonder how many engineering companies actually use OKRs though.
        
         | rednafi wrote:
         | I call it planning palooza. It keeps a ton of people employed
         | though.
        
       | brcmthrowaway wrote:
       | What does OpenAI or Anthropic use?
        
       | zelphirkalt wrote:
       | In my experience managemant roles set the OKRs in a closed
       | circle, without feedback from technical employees and then things
       | like reliable infrastructure are underestimated or forgotten.
       | Once OKRs are set, they are set in stone, because management
       | roles are too busy to come together again and additionally
       | include engineering roles in the decision making process. Instead
       | just put more pressure on engineering.
       | 
       | This kind of thing easily destroys great team dynamic and makes
       | people change from getting work done to meeting target metrics,
       | even if they only game them. This can lead to good and essential
       | people quitting and the downfall of the company.
        
         | robertlagrant wrote:
         | I think this is an attribution error. The issues you list are a
         | function of management style, not of OKRs. Any management
         | technique is very dependent on management not behaving
         | pathologically.
        
           | marcosdumay wrote:
           | Nah. What gets excluded is a function of management style.
           | But that most important things are excluded is an inherent
           | feature of OKRs.
        
       | rednafi wrote:
       | If I could give one piece of advice to my early-career self, it'd
       | be this: do more "visible" work rather than "good" work. The
       | former gets you promoted, while the latter leaves you stuck as a
       | senior engineer forever. For me, that ship sailed a while ago,
       | and I'm sorta happy being stuck as a senior engineer. That puts
       | me in a good spot to say OKRs are bullshit.
        
         | lrog wrote:
         | With what other role / direction would you be satisfied instead
         | of being SE? Going up in the IC ladder (lead, staff, etc.) or
         | management? What disadvantages do you see settling at SE?
        
           | rednafi wrote:
           | Staff is the natural progression for people who want to take
           | the next step but don't want direct reports. Each company has
           | its own definition of a staff engineer's responsibilities.
           | I've seen people move back to SE after burning out from all
           | the meetings. In some places, staff engineers rarely code and
           | are essentially glorified team leads.
           | 
           | But there are definitely companies where Staff engineers get
           | to do some awesome work and there's a proper delineation
           | between a Staff and a TL. I'm yet to work in a company like
           | that yet.
        
         | zeroonetwothree wrote:
         | Really depends on your priorities. For me I'd rather do 'good'
         | work (or 'interesting' work to me) since I don't care about
         | minmaxing my comp.
        
           | rednafi wrote:
           | Same and got stuck in the eternal loop of SE.
        
           | azemetre wrote:
           | Also if you are going to job hop in less than 3 years there's
           | much less reason to play the corpo game.
        
       | doppp wrote:
       | I still chuckle when I recall this tweet, "OKRs were actually a
       | psyop from Google to slow down potential early stage competitors"
       | [1].
       | 
       | [1] https://x.com/benwbear/status/1543056694330003456
        
         | PaulHoule wrote:
         | That's what I told the managers at one startup when they
         | brought in a consultant to introduce OKRs.
        
         | marcosdumay wrote:
         | I imagine React was the Facebook version of this.
         | 
         | There's a famous theory that Gantt charts were actually created
         | to keep decision-makers on the dark while Gantt could have some
         | freedom to manage in a way that worked instead of letting they
         | dictate some way that doesn't.
         | 
         | Taylorism was, of course, something that Taylor never believed
         | in. That's no secret, as he spoke against it several times.
         | Most personal "ism"s are like that. (What he actually preached
         | was something very different.)
         | 
         | It's almost completely settled that current form "agile" was
         | created by people that sold books and courses, and had not
         | interest nor any professional experience in making teams work
         | better.
         | 
         | And I guess the list goes on, but I don't remember more. But
         | surprisingly, the guy that invented stack-ranking apparently
         | believed it was really great.
        
         | wavemode wrote:
         | Funny - I used to make this same joke about Kubernetes.
        
       | DanielHB wrote:
       | I remember reading an anecdote about this stuff from the book The
       | Essential Deming by W. Edwards Deming the "father of the quality
       | movement and was hugely influential in post-WWII Japan".
       | 
       | It talked about some company moving oil around in barges, the
       | setup was unprofitable and a new manager was brought up to fix
       | it. He created metrics of the business, but didn't put any goals
       | or goalposts for the barge crews and other managers in the
       | company.
       | 
       | All he did was simply print the metrics and glue them on every
       | barge of the fleet weekly. Soon the whole project was massively
       | profitable. Apparently the captains of the barges would compete
       | with each other to see who could save more money, without any
       | penalties for the low performing nor any rewards for the high
       | performing barges.
       | 
       | One thing that was very surprising is that the barges were given
       | freedom to choose where to source materials and, more
       | importantly, the fuel. Before the metrics the captains would pick
       | whatever was closest no matter the prices, after the metrics the
       | captains would, on their own, try to source fuel from the
       | cheapest place that they could. No amount of central planning
       | could have been as optimal as the prices fluctuated a lot from
       | day to day, so whenever a captain saw a good deal he would re-
       | fuel.
       | 
       | It turns out that empowered people want to do a good job and want
       | to save money.
        
         | liontwist wrote:
         | I think business people understand the value of setting high
         | level goals and giving autonomy to accomplish them.
         | 
         | It's a good sign if your job works this way. Unfortunately this
         | tends to mostly be applied at the VP level. Engineers are
         | modeled as expensive pieces of an equipment to optimize and
         | derisk.
        
           | DanielHB wrote:
           | > I think business people understand the value of setting
           | high level goals and giving autonomy to accomplish them.
           | 
           | I think a lot of business don't, at least on the lowest
           | levels of the org chart.
        
         | chasd00 wrote:
         | > It turns out that empowered people want to do a good job and
         | want to save money.
         | 
         | You have to be careful here. In your example those captains
         | didn't really care about their job they cared about getting the
         | high score. Metrics, KPIs, etc work but only when they're setup
         | perfectly aligned with your actual business goals.
         | Measure/score the wrong thing and you'll get nowhere.
         | 
         | For example, what if the metric posted was distance traveled by
         | a barge. You'd have captains taking the longest routes possible
         | just to get the high score instead of shipping the most product
         | per unit time which is what the manager would have intended.
        
           | 0xbadcafebee wrote:
           | And Deming has a _ton_ to say on this. Lots of very practical
           | advice on how to measure the right things, yet also avoiding
           | relying too much on measurements. It is unfortunately quite
           | complex and not easily digestible as pop management advice.
        
             | PaulHoule wrote:
             | I love _Out of the crisis_ by Deming and _Some theory of
             | sampling._
        
         | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
         | I worked at place that did this. They had screens of plant
         | output everywhere so everyone knew how they were doing. It was
         | unavoidable.
         | 
         | At a factory it's easy to know how many widgets were made. It's
         | tricky with software.
        
         | 1970-01-01 wrote:
         | >It turns out that empowered people want to do a good job and
         | want to save money.
         | 
         | This has more to do with Japanese culture than anything. Do
         | that in America, and you just get signs with 'Over 99 Billion
         | Served' It becomes meaningless to everyone.
        
         | everybodyknows wrote:
         | > who could save more money
         | 
         | Sounds good, but how did the "metrics" expose which individual
         | decision-makers were responsible for any improvement or
         | deterioration?
        
         | muzani wrote:
         | This works when people can compete on something measurable. But
         | when you have teams split into feed, messaging, and ads,
         | something else might be needed to measure value.
        
         | vegetablepotpie wrote:
         | The barge company in question is Koch Industries (yes, that
         | Koch Industries). Starting in 1982 they leveraged Deming's
         | ideas, realized 30% profits, and pushed it far enough to enter
         | the dark side.
         | 
         | > Koch's dedication to Deming's ideas eventually led the
         | company into several sticky situations, not the least being
         | targeted in a Senate Select Committee investigation for oil
         | theft in 1988, a direct result of immense internal pressure on
         | employees as part of its continuous improvement program.
         | 
         | [1]
         | 
         | This is powerful stuff. When you empower people and set a goal,
         | they will do anything it takes to hit that goal, including
         | breaking the law.
         | 
         | [1] https://commoncog.com/deming-paradox-operational-rigour/
        
         | msluyter wrote:
         | I've often speculated about a radical interpretation of this
         | idea, inspired by a old video game (whose name I forget). In
         | the game, you rule a kingdom, but unlike, say, Civilization,
         | you don't directly manage things. You set goals and create
         | quests, like "slay this monster and get some reward." And the
         | quests would inspire heroes to join your kingdom, and things
         | would grow from there. Iirc, you create incentives around your
         | economy as well.
         | 
         | Imagine if there were product goals ("implement feature X")
         | with some reward [1] attached and you could leave it up to
         | teams or individuals to claim that goal if they desired. You
         | could choose the goals you wanted to claim, recruit coworkers
         | to help you, (eg, self form teams). PMs/Management would
         | basically be in charge of allocating rewards for the goals.
         | 
         | I imagine it'd be a terrible system in practice for a number of
         | reasons, but I enjoy thinking about ways you could attempt to
         | make it workable. For example,
         | 
         | [1] rewards -- I don't think you could tie rewards directly to
         | people's paychecks. Do that too much and I think you'd create
         | perverse incentives. But perhaps things like swag, gifts, time
         | off, or just bragging rights, honor, and glory might work.
         | 
         | [2] coordination -- a danger would people redundantly working
         | on the same goal. You'd need a way to prevent that.
         | 
         | [3] other perverse incentives -- you might get an overabundance
         | of folks choosing the "fun" goals, for example. (After all,
         | engineers may be more motivated by that than other things.)
         | Here I imagine the rewards for unsexy things would need to rise
         | over time if nobody opted for them. Or, you make first dibs on
         | some other "fun" goal the prize for achieving a less fun goal.
        
           | Afforess wrote:
           | Majesty I & II were implemented like your idea of this
           | game...
        
       | jtbetz22 wrote:
       | This post reflects an insidious anti pattern in the practice of
       | setting OKRs: "shipping the roadmap" is not the objective, it is
       | a means to achieving some other underlying objective.
       | 
       | With a well written objective / key result (ex: "grow DAU by
       | 30%"), you can abandon your entire roadmap two weeks into the
       | quarter and still hit your OKRs. They enable you to respond to
       | new information and lessons learned, rather than locking the
       | whole team into a rigid plan for the entire quarter.
        
       | steveBK123 wrote:
       | I've always worked in a non-tech where our customers are
       | internal.
       | 
       | They have unfortunately read too many SRE/Phoenix Project/Big
       | Tech Management Papers and so OKRs was one thing shoved down our
       | throats.
       | 
       | What I've found is that they've hired a slew of Product Mangers
       | (tm) who mostly just sit in between devs & users, without
       | coordinating cross team, actually writing specs/Jiras/roadmaps,
       | etc. So each teams devs wrote their own OKRs, in ignorance of
       | what users (who might be other tech teams) might actually want or
       | what other teams OKRs are.
       | 
       | For example, to use an analogy one team builds the foundation and
       | decides their OKR is to use 15% less concrete next year. The
       | other team builds frames and decides their OKR is to make the
       | average building 15% taller next year. If any of them talked to
       | actual final customers, they'd have found out the customers
       | actually desire the buildings to be more robust to storm winds.
        
         | m463 wrote:
         | okr: reduce parts count
         | 
         | me: Tesla,I want a car with turn signal and drive selector
         | stalks!
        
           | Schiendelman wrote:
           | Has the new UX bothered you when using it? I got used to it
           | in a day and it seems fine.
        
             | m463 wrote:
             | how has quickly reversing to get a parking spot in moving
             | traffic worked for you?
        
               | steveBK123 wrote:
               | You see, in the new economy you don't even needs stalks!
               | 
               | I simply hit this Autopark button and then my car
               | alternates between inching back & forth to sharply
               | jerking the wheel every which way, and then lands itself
               | in the spot.
               | 
               | All while taking 3x longer than a competent human
               | parallel parker and with heart stopping near-misses of
               | hitting the surround parked cards. Oh and curbs your rims
               | 20% of the time.
               | 
               | Oh and as the human driver you are still responsible to
               | monitor for passing pedestrians and bikers.
               | 
               | If it crashes it's because you weren't monitoring it
               | closely enough. And if you hit the brakes to stop it, you
               | are a wimp who doesn't trust the car which totally would
               | have gotten it right if you let it.
        
         | frenchtoast8 wrote:
         | This is nearly my exact experience at work. I work on an
         | internal tools team, so my users are other engineers at the
         | company. Product teams have Product Managers and seem to put in
         | a lot of effort into their OKRs, but for the internal tools
         | team, we're in some limbo: still forced to write OKRs, but no
         | parts of the process that are actually useful. We might have an
         | OKR to upgrade Jenkins before an EOL date, but no introspection
         | about whether the company at large would be better served by
         | GitLab CI (as an example). Management only cares that we have
         | defined KPIs like "Days remaining until Jenkins EOL date" and
         | that they are improving. I still try to have the difficult
         | conversations, but it's a constant battle with management as
         | improving developer happiness by allowing them to use a better
         | system isn't easily demonstrated on a dashboard.
         | 
         | Also, like you said, teams write their OKRs in a vacuum without
         | coordinating with other teams. So, one engineering team might
         | have an OKR to fix some memory issue affecting their Jenkins
         | pipelines, but they didn't communicate that with the internal
         | tools team that operates Jenkins. It then became a struggle
         | between the two managers, one saying "We need to fix this
         | Jenkins issue or we'll fail our OKRs commitment" and the other
         | saying "We already committed to different OKRs this quarter, we
         | can't take on new work." The engineers are stuck between this
         | battle trying to help each other in secret without management
         | hearing about it.
        
           | steveBK123 wrote:
           | A lot of the lack of coordination devolves into cost center
           | arbitrage as well. Often intentional.
           | 
           | I once worked at a shop that outsourced their datacenter to
           | such a low cost bidder, that simple RAID disk replacements
           | would be delayed for weeks and in a couple cases caused
           | complete loss of a RAID array due to cascading drive
           | failures.
           | 
           | Of course the datacenter guy got to point to his OKR for
           | reducing operating costs. Meanwhile the "Big Data" team using
           | their services was saddled with their losing days worth of
           | highly paid engineers time as we chased tickets, dealt with
           | data recovery, etc.
           | 
           | I'm now sat in the "final customer" internal seat and seeing
           | it from the outside. IT brought us their new years plan to
           | decommission some stuff I use, when I prodded a bit, they
           | admitted was basically a cost allocation problem.
           | 
           | They were pushing the responsibility onto users like me,
           | because they weren't good at allocating costs. No argument
           | that it was more efficient or a good use of their customers
           | time/resources. Simply that they hadn't gotten around to
           | implementing metering so why not just stop offering the
           | service entirely...
        
         | crispyambulance wrote:
         | > Phoenix Project
         | 
         | When that book came out, I actually COULD NOT BELIEVE that
         | someone wrote A NOVEL about project management that was NOT
         | some type of farce, comedy, or venomous satire.
         | 
         | Not sure if this is my gen-x mindset playing tricks on me or
         | what.
        
           | robocat wrote:
           | patio11 makes some other suggestions for similarly good
           | books:
           | 
           | https://bitsaboutmoney.com/archive/fiction-about-finance/
        
       | dent9876543 wrote:
       | The problem is that OKRs are divorced from the "go do this piece
       | of work" instruction, and so, just like code comments, they
       | quickly become out of date or are outright ignored.
       | 
       | Because of that, the prescription about SMART and focus on
       | delivery is simply wasted effort. At best a duplication.
       | 
       | The good part about OKRs is (/should be) that it forces an
       | alignment conversation between teams and amongst managers. And
       | the performance discussion with manager is often useful and
       | sometimes revealing. More often both focus on metrics, losing the
       | last opportunity to extract value from the concept.
        
       | dakiol wrote:
       | Am I the only one who doesn't care about OKRs or whatever
       | companies are following nowadays? I tend to work around 2-3 years
       | per company. Get a salary bump when switching. My first year is
       | rather slow/smooth because "I've been here for less than a
       | year!". My second year is more interesting and I do take it as
       | "real" work. My third year I couldn't care less since I'm already
       | looking for something else.
       | 
       | I couldn't care less about goals or OKRs. I get paid, I solve
       | whatever problems the business has (whether they make sense or
       | not) and then I just leave.
        
         | kubb wrote:
         | This is the way. But I'm unlucky to have been locked into a
         | small job market, so I'm stuck in a local maximum. Won't be
         | moving to the US anytime soon with Trump's immigration
         | policies.
        
         | nine_zeros wrote:
         | This is the right approach. As an individual engineer, you are
         | not paid enough to care about business problems and propose
         | your own solutions and timelines. You are also not given
         | organizational authority, budgets, or agency beyond your line
         | of work.
         | 
         | You literally haven't been given the tools to own metrics and
         | OKRs. And moving those metrics and OKRs doesn't get you more
         | money.
         | 
         | So why would you care? You sound rational to me.
        
           | prh8 wrote:
           | And even if/when you are paid well, you probably aren't given
           | any meaningful ability to do the things necessary for those
           | business problems. Corporate inertia is strong.
        
         | aoeusnth1 wrote:
         | That's why I don't hire people with resumes like yours :)
        
           | bdangubic wrote:
           | exactly - resumes like this are immediately discarded... you
           | would REALLY want to get a job where I am at, REALLY :)
        
           | tekno45 wrote:
           | because you want someone who won't ask for a raise.
        
             | bdangubic wrote:
             | huh? that is EXACTLY who he wants, not someone who will
             | abandon the team to go elsewhere. if you look at the resume
             | and you see someone jumping from job to job like a hooker
             | why on Earth would anyone hire them???! absolute stupidity
             | to even interview such a person
        
       | crowcroft wrote:
       | I'm convinced there is no 'good' way to set goals/OKRs etc. in
       | big companies. Orgs should set goals though, but the problem is
       | when you spend too much time doing it.
       | 
       | If top level management set company OKRs, and then cascade them
       | down with every department and sub department then setting and
       | aligning mini OKRs to the big ones you end up with a months long
       | planning cycle which by the time you finish, you need to restart
       | for the next year.
       | 
       | A good heuristic is that no team should ever end up in a
       | situation where they spend more time debating how a task should
       | be prioritized than the amount of time the task takes to do.
        
       | indymike wrote:
       | As long as the metrics attached to an OKR actaully a)make sense
       | and b)are causally related to the OKR, then they can work. Where
       | ORKs go off the rail is trying to set a goal for something you
       | just can't manage.
        
       | jongjong wrote:
       | OKRs and KPIs are scams. Human language and psychology are both
       | vague and malleable. The kinds of people who are good at meeting
       | OKRs aren't the kinds of people who can produce quality work.
       | OKRs are mostly about lowering expectations prior to implementing
       | and exaggerating results after implementing... It's mostly
       | psychological work, a magic trick, not real productivity.
       | 
       | The goal of this game is to sacrifice long term gains for short
       | term gains; build a house of cards fast to boost your OKR scores
       | and get promoted fast... Then let the next person who is assigned
       | to the project take the blame for the collapse.
       | 
       | People don't care about foundations... Only thing that matters is
       | whose watch the tower falls on. People are literally that
       | ignorant and superficial. It works every time.
        
       | keeptrying wrote:
       | If you work in a big company,
       | 
       | - the perception of hitting OKRs is more important than anything
       | else
       | 
       | - if you can enter into the OKR discussion early, then you can
       | control it.
       | 
       | - if you can, run the OKR process much to your gain :)
        
       | naasking wrote:
       | Goodhart's law suggests that no fixed set of measures will
       | suffice, but what about a dynamic or a set of complementary
       | measures that periodically switch? Spend 3-6 months optimizing
       | for X, then spend 3-6 months optimizing for some property
       | complementary to X. Like having metrics that focus on new
       | features, then bug fixes, then new features, etc. Or new
       | features, bug fixes, refactoring/maintenance, new features, bug
       | fixes, etc.
       | 
       | Selecting the set of good and complementary metrics requires
       | careful thought and experimentation, but it might prevent gaming
       | over the long term because the complementary measures of the
       | second phase should make up for deficiencies in the primary
       | measures in the first phase. Anyone have any experience with this
       | sort of thing?
        
       | 0xbadcafebee wrote:
       | OKRs, KPIs, etc are often challenging for orgs, teams, and
       | individuals that are poorly trained. It's the same problem with
       | Scrum: if the people are poorly trained, they will find it
       | challenging, even counter-productive, to use them.
       | 
       | Every company I have worked for has not trained their workers for
       | OKRs, KPIs, Scrum, etc. (Well that's not true: Cisco paid for us
       | to have two weeks of Scrum training because our stand-ups were
       | 1.5 hrs long. That's the only reason I know how it's supposed to
       | work) They hire you _expecting_ you know all of that (though
       | never verifying), and then they dump you in the deep end and don
       | 't give you the training you need to use it correctly. The end
       | result is nobody uses it right, and the company suffers. And it's
       | complex enough that a pithy clickbait blog post on HN isn't going
       | to teach you how to do it right.
       | 
       | Managers, execs: train your staff. You're only hurting yourself
       | and the company by not doing so.
        
       | theptip wrote:
       | Some good observations here but I disagree with the conclusion.
       | 
       | > Shipping features from the roadmap is a chunk of our core job.
       | It shouldn't usually be in our OKRs.
       | 
       | First of all, your roadmap shouldn't be static. You should give
       | teams flexibility to change it. When/why? When they see a better
       | way of achieving the teams objective. Ideally you can set up your
       | KRs to also be flexible WRT implementation.
       | 
       | People loose sight of this, but it's one of the two big value
       | adds from OKRs.
       | 
       | The second big one is legibility outside your team/org. OKRs are
       | about making your goals and work easily understandable, because
       | the alternatives don't scale as well.
       | 
       | So vis. the article, you should start with the question of what
       | you want to make visible to the org, and make sure you craft your
       | OKRs to highlight that part of the roadmap.
       | 
       | Concrete example, I plan with two buckets: new features, and bug
       | fixes/ops/quality.
       | 
       | The customer for new features is users, and the org cares about
       | this. You need OKRs to make your impact legible to your CEO, who
       | (let's be real) is not going to log into Jira and read the full
       | backlog.
       | 
       | Bug fixes and ops need to happen, and they should be groomed and
       | prioritized ideally, but in the ideal world nobody outside of the
       | owning team should see them. Internal tooling should be on the
       | roadmap but not OKRs, unless you are in the red and your CEO
       | wants to know that you are improving after, say, a business-
       | impacting outage.
       | 
       | So the roadmap is going to have a bunch of detail on the current
       | delivery plans, sequencing, etc, but it's downstream of your
       | objectives. You should align your objectives with leadership
       | first, then make your roadmap and propose KRs.
        
       | joegoober wrote:
       | Context: I'm an engineering director at a medium-large tech
       | company.
       | 
       | What both the article and the comments here show is that for most
       | users of OKRs, they don't actually consider the Objective and the
       | Key results to be different. If you consider a key result without
       | considering the objective, then yes, you'll just move a number
       | and nothing more. If you actually try to deliver an objective,
       | and use your KRs to see if you have made progress towards that
       | objective you'll do much better.
       | 
       | That said, I've had to fight many times in my career, even with
       | senior-level product managers, to think about OKRs that way. I
       | ideally ask the engineers that report up to me to care first and
       | mostly about the Objectives their team has taken on, and to care
       | about the KRs second. That leads people to do the _right_ work
       | far more often than having them try to move a specific numerical
       | value above all else.
        
       | gdubs wrote:
       | The problem with OKRs and just about every corporate process is
       | that something that began as a good idea gets diluted over time
       | to the point of being nearly meaningless at best and super
       | distracting at worst.
       | 
       | The reality -- having worked in big tech for almost a decade --
       | is that people just take what they already wanted to do and frame
       | it as an OKR. You see this happen with Agile processes as well:
       | "as a user I would like [to use this feature the PM is excited
       | about]"
        
         | jayd16 wrote:
         | Was it ever a good idea? Even when I bend over backwards to
         | treat the process as earnestly as possible, it feels like silly
         | dance, corporate kabuki.
        
           | gdubs wrote:
           | Honestly? I don't know! The central idea of "measure what
           | matters" is good if you actually do the meaningful soul-
           | searching involved.
           | 
           | But most good ideas can turn into just a lot of rules and
           | process to follow over time.
        
       | PaulHoule wrote:
       | As a software dev the only KPI I want my team to have is the
       | build time.
       | 
       | There was that time at one place where it seemed I was the only
       | person who actually put tickets in the ticket system (the product
       | manager never did.)
       | 
       | I was told that every ticket I put in had to have clear value for
       | the consumer and they complained about a ticket to speed up the
       | build. I told them "it has value for the customer because the
       | customer wants the product and could have had it six months ago
       | if we 5x'ed the build speed a year ago"
        
       | epolanski wrote:
       | It should be noted that as of today no single study on the OKRs
       | demonstrates any value in them.
       | 
       | Consensus among scholars is that there's no evidence Google
       | thrived thanks to OKRs, in fact it could be said that it thrived
       | despite OKRs.
        
       | dogman144 wrote:
       | I've led teams and then I've worked as an engineer, so I feel I
       | understand both sides but have an informed take on how things go
       | when OKRs show up despite/due to that.
       | 
       | I get as a leader that some form of goal orientation and niche
       | engineering speak translation into outcomes must occur.
       | 
       | But, for every 1 leader who can do this well, there are 99 who
       | can't. For every 1/2 leaders who can do this faithfully, there
       | are 99.5 who don't care much beyond building fiefdoms or just
       | plain don't know how to do it in practice - the ex-consultant PM,
       | the manager not the leader, the PM who holds zero authority over
       | a team of skilled ICs, and so on.
       | 
       | Also, as an engineer, I have OKRs, I have ops, and I have the
       | random stuff that shows up that blows a hole in my week to week
       | plans. A good PM maybe can reduce this, but again see above. And:
       | what am I measured on for my hearth and home paychecks: Answer -
       | OKRs.
       | 
       | So, in practice, when OKRs show up, I believe earnest big picture
       | effort (which people love going to startups for, I think), goes
       | out the window overall because of the above.
       | 
       | You'll only get people hitting OKRs, "hitting OKRs" has so much
       | absurd flex in it because again see above, and so you best hope
       | you have the 1 of 100 PMs that know how to do that well or else
       | people start doing the silly dances engineers leave companies
       | over.
        
         | maayank wrote:
         | I've had the same experience, both as IC and a manager. It's a
         | nice framework, just not for human organizations (KPI for next
         | framework: result in less "no true Scotsman" replies whenever a
         | post details why the framework sucks in their organization)
        
       | curious_cat_163 wrote:
       | > Marketing is closer to project work, while Engineering (at
       | places like Honeycomb) is product work. Projects like Marketing
       | campaigns fit within a quarter or two, while product work is an
       | ongoing rhythm of updates.
       | 
       | I am from the engineering side of things but this does not seem
       | right about marketing...
       | 
       | Also, the examples of OKRs for engineering in the article seem
       | somewhat contrived. I am sure some organizations/teams have OKRs
       | like "ship the roadmap" but to say that is what all of them look
       | like (everywhere!) is generalizing too far.
       | 
       | Like, everything in life, there is probably a balance: Between
       | thinking in the near-term vs. thinking about the long-term.
       | Between thinking what the ICs on the front-line think is most
       | important vs. what the "middle-management" thinks will move the
       | numbers on metrics that the execs care about.
       | 
       | A well-run planning process will result in the right balance
       | being struck. And that IMHO is a rare thing: a well-run planning
       | process, i.e. My $0.02.
        
         | jklinger410 wrote:
         | > I am from the engineering side of things but this does not
         | seem right about marketing...
         | 
         | I am from the marketing side of things and this seems exactly
         | right about marketing.
         | 
         | But I'm not sure what makes you say this because you did not
         | elaborate.
        
       | tetha wrote:
       | This article is interesting, because we as a team are currently
       | going through a strange phase, which is similar to KPIs and OKRs,
       | but in a better way than previous companies did it.
       | 
       | Some internal discussions and skewed perceptions of our team are
       | now causing our team are currently causing our team to make our
       | work and our infrastructure more tractable and more quantifiable.
       | For example, we've started to track time spent for internal
       | customers and different topics team-internally and aggregate
       | those on the team-level. Or we've started to generate information
       | about resource consumption of different products.
       | 
       | And this has led to interesting results. At a workers level, our
       | director and the board is very clear that they want to continue
       | this data to be collected without interference or skew. If you
       | work in an area, you track it in that area - don't try to protect
       | anyone. Track time as you spend it. Track resources as spent.
       | 
       | On a leadership level, this has however resulted in a fairly
       | interesting tone. Suddenly you have a CEO saying "Alright, so my
       | very expensive team is spending that much time on this area you
       | claim to be somewhat simple? Make that number go down
       | significantly this year. Hire if and as necessary". Or "I dislike
       | this amount of outages, but if you say we need better data there,
       | make it so"
       | 
       | It's also a very much data driven management style. But you don't
       | have magical bespoke numbers fall from the sky one day and you
       | need to make sense of them and integrate them into your normal
       | work. It is data about our work we collect along the way, and
       | we're trying to change our tasks and our decision making to
       | change our work to change the metrics into a better direction.
        
       | shusson wrote:
       | This is another way to determine if a company is a "start-up"! If
       | you work at a company that has OKRs, it's no longer a start-up or
       | it's time to bail because said start-up is about to fail.
        
         | dimgl wrote:
         | > because said start-up is about to fail.
         | 
         | How come?
        
       | doawoo wrote:
       | My favorite part of the year is when everyone needs to re-write
       | their OKRs/Goals before review season, because we ended up have
       | to do actual work that related to the end-user product, and in
       | general most humans cannot predict the future.
        
       | awkward wrote:
       | There's a big gap between the big list "what we have to do" and
       | being able to furnish a brief summary that both focuses the
       | team's attention correctly and shows higher leadership that
       | what's happening is meaningful.
       | 
       | The problem with OKRs is that they're another metric, and get
       | gamed and talked about as such. The soft skill of being able to
       | effectively summarize and express the meaning behind list of
       | tasks isn't necessarily going to
        
       | jjslocum3 wrote:
       | Are people still talking about OKRs? Dang that's so '00s
        
       | crest wrote:
       | I read it as "hitting orcs vs. doing you job". Maybe I should
       | read less war reports.
        
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