[HN Gopher] ELKS: Linux for 16-bit Intel Processors
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       ELKS: Linux for 16-bit Intel Processors
        
       Author : emersonrsantos
       Score  : 66 points
       Date   : 2025-01-04 19:23 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (github.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (github.com)
        
       | marcodiego wrote:
       | What would be really interesting: porting DOSEMU 1.4.0 to it.
       | This would give us a maintained unix-like OS combined with a huge
       | abandonware dos library turning those old machines into something
       | fun and maybe useful.
        
         | devit wrote:
         | That makes no sense, since DOSEMU is based on virtual 8086
         | mode, which requires a 80386, while ELKS is for 8086-286 CPUs.
         | 
         | You can just run MS-DOS or FreeDOS directly on those machines,
         | that's what the machines were made for.
        
         | duskwuff wrote:
         | Computers which use 16-bit Intel processors (80286 or earlier)
         | are quite rare nowadays - most of them are 30-40 years old, and
         | are more valuable to collectors than newer and more capable
         | hardware would be. If you want something "useful", this isn't
         | where you'd find it.
        
       | forinti wrote:
       | Wait, "ROM-based systems"? Were there such x86 micros and is this
       | saying you could run Linux from ROM?
       | 
       | That's super interesting.
        
         | retrac wrote:
         | The 8086 and 8088 etc. were relatively popular for embedded
         | devices. For example some early 90s Apple printers used an
         | 80186 as the controller. Such designs were often incompatible
         | with the IBM PC; 8086 doesn't necessarily mean PC compatible.
        
         | snerbles wrote:
         | The Tandy 1000 SL/2 I grew up with had DOS 3.3 in ROM, mounted
         | on D:\
        
         | EvanAnderson wrote:
         | I've never seen a fully ROM-based PC, but I have worked with
         | ISA NE2000 NICs with boot ROMs that allowed them to diskless
         | boot into a DOS-based Novell NetWare client. It wouldn't
         | surprise me if there were ROM-based local boot environments on
         | ISA cards.
         | 
         | The Cisco PIX firewall, in it's original incarnation, booted
         | from non-volatile memory (I don't know if it was EEPROM or
         | flash) an ISA card.
        
           | kjs3 wrote:
           | Fully ROM/Flash PC-ish systems are/were pretty common in the
           | embedded and industrial control space. Usually the boards
           | emulate one or more floppy drives. I've got a half dozen
           | variations, including PROM, Flash and battery backed SRAM.
           | Even one with bubble memory, which is pretty nifty.
           | 
           | The first-gen PIX you mention had an 8M or 16M ISA flash card
           | it booted from, containing the whole OS.
           | 
           | The Novell netboot is called "RPL".
        
         | gattilorenz wrote:
         | The DiskOnChip was a somewhat popular solution (think of
         | thinclients), often running stripped down versions of Linux in
         | the early 00s.
         | 
         | Here you can see it on an external board:
         | https://www.os2museum.com/wp/diskonchip/
         | 
         | I have a few thinclients with a socket directly on the
         | mainboard for a DOC
        
         | Dwedit wrote:
         | Some of the Tandy 1000 computers (such as the HX) had MS-DOS
         | 2.11 in ROM. So it's not unheard of for an IBM-Compatible PC to
         | have an operating system in ROM.
         | 
         | Also the "Macintosh Classic" had System 6.0.3 in ROM as well,
         | but you had to use a keyboard shortcut to boot from there. It
         | did not run normally.
        
         | nijave wrote:
         | Lots of embedded systems like routers run read only although
         | maybe they're not technically ROM. Usually they mount the root
         | filesystems read only and create some small ram disk/tempfs for
         | logs. Persistent settings go to a small NVRAM area
         | 
         | The root filesystem is only written to when you flash a new OS
         | image
        
         | sillywalk wrote:
         | My first computer was a 286 PS/1 model 2011, with PC-DOS and a
         | graphical shell in ROM.
         | 
         | Interestingly, somebody has made an emulator for it.
         | 
         | https://barotto.github.io/IBMulator/
        
         | fidotron wrote:
         | Less obvious than some of the embedded things:
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atari_Portfolio
         | 
         | x86 (and licensed derivatives) were a thing in more custom
         | handhelds like the Psion Series 3, and games systems like the
         | Wonderswan. The variants made by NEC alone were:
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/NEC_V20#Variants_and_success...
        
         | indymike wrote:
         | Yes, there were many - including the original IBM PC which
         | would could boot to BASIC loaded from ROM. Some more
         | sophisticated machines included:
         | 
         | - Many Tandy PC compatibles could boot from ROM to their
         | DeskMate GUI - HP, GRiD, Zenith and others had laptops that had
         | DOS and in some cases Windows in ROM.
         | 
         | - IBM's PS/1 line could boot from ROM - Many GEOS devices
         | booted from ROM into a GUI, and often could boot to DOS from
         | ROM too.
        
       | jvanderbot wrote:
       | They mention "SBC"s. Is this something that is intended also for
       | modern 16bit SBCs?
        
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       (page generated 2025-01-04 23:00 UTC)