[HN Gopher] NASA, Axiom Space Change Assembly Order of Commercia...
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       NASA, Axiom Space Change Assembly Order of Commercial Space Station
        
       Author : mzs
       Score  : 90 points
       Date   : 2024-12-26 18:33 UTC (3 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nasa.gov)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nasa.gov)
        
       | FriedPickles wrote:
       | I wonder if there's any useful heavy equipment aboard the ISS
       | that could be transferred to the Axiom prior to separation and
       | thus salvaged. It'd have to be stuff the ISS could do without for
       | the remaining couple years of its life.
        
         | nine_k wrote:
         | Something like Canadarm?
         | 
         | I suppose ISS is being decommissioned in a big part because the
         | big hardware there is approaching / has approached the end of
         | its practical life. The metal has accumulated fatigue here and
         | there. The solar panels are heavy and inefficient, compared to
         | more modern developments, except for the newest array mounted
         | in 2021.
         | 
         | Maybe some of the newest hardware could be transferred to a
         | lower orbit for cheaper than bringing up brand new hardware
         | from Earth.
         | 
         | The thing is that the newest ISS modules, barely 4 years old,
         | are Russian (Nauka + Prichal); the newest module before that is
         | the Japanese science module from 2008. It could probably be
         | still reused, it's barely 16 years old %)
        
           | prox wrote:
           | Or just ship of Theseus it? Replace what needs replacement
           | into he new format?
        
             | nine_k wrote:
             | Likely the only things that would remain then would be the
             | interfaces and standards. On one hand, these are time-
             | tested standards. OTOH perpetuating them would miss an
             | opportunity to evolve and upgrade, fixing some of the known
             | issues.
        
           | psd1 wrote:
           | Buugbbbbvh vbox
        
         | bpodgursky wrote:
         | Maybe but to be honest Starship cost-per-pound to LEO will make
         | re-use of 20 year old technology, in questionable states of
         | maintenance, less appealing than starting from a clean slate in
         | most cases.
        
           | MPSimmons wrote:
           | Agreed. When it comes to flying people, the volume of a
           | habitable starship is approximately equivalent to the
           | entirety of the habitable volume of the ISS.
           | 
           | I really look forward to the heavy-lift future where full
           | reusability means actual cheap spaceflight.
        
         | westurner wrote:
         | I wonder if the ISS could instead be scrapped to the moon.
         | 
         | Let's get this space station to the moon.
         | 
         | Can a [Falcon 9 [Heavy] or similar] rocket shove the ISS from
         | its current attitude into an Earth-Moon orbit with or without
         | orbital refuelling?
         | 
         | The ISS weighs 900,000 lbs on Earth.
         | 
         | Have we yet altered the orbital trajectory of anything that
         | heavy in space?
         | 
         | Can any existing rocket program rendezvous and boost sideways
         | to alter the trajectory of NEOs (Near-Earth Objects) or aging,
         | heirloom, defunct space stations?
         | 
         | Which of the things of ISS that we have internationally paid to
         | loft into orbit would be useful for future robot, human, and
         | emergency operations on the Moon?
        
       | mmooss wrote:
       | NASA's next space station will be in lunar orbit:
       | 
       | https://www.nasa.gov/mission/gateway/
        
         | glzone1 wrote:
         | This isn't a normal useful orbit in terms of supporting
         | astronauts on the moon or being available for recovery etc. and
         | was definitely not used to support earlier moon landings. I
         | think it only has a lunar revisit once every 7 days. Imagine
         | your abort / recovery to orbit option is only available for
         | this one tiny window.
         | 
         | SLS probably can't get Orion to Lunar orbit unfortunately so
         | they have created this insanely costly / complex / lower
         | utility approach.
        
           | mmooss wrote:
           | About orbits: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42538057
           | 
           | It's surprising to see that every comment's angle is
           | spreading Musk's stories, trashing his competition, etc.
        
         | mlindner wrote:
         | It's worth mentioning that Gateway is on the cutting block if
         | the likely SLS cancellation happens during this incoming
         | administration. As the entire reason for Gateway existing and
         | being where it is is to act as a destination for SLS before the
         | moon landing program was announced. It is where it is because
         | of the relatively weak performance specifications of the SLS
         | rocket preventing it from launching the Orion spacecraft into a
         | low lunar orbit. SLS was also destined to launch several of the
         | Gateway modules which would be impossible if its canceled.
        
           | anotherQuarter wrote:
           | Yes I could see deals being worked out where gateway partners
           | instead build parts of a lunar base. The international
           | partnerships a likely the biggest piece going for gateway in
           | terms of not being cancelled
        
           | aerophilic wrote:
           | It seems to me that if SLS goes... so does Gateway. That
           | said, one thing to note: There are not that many stable lunar
           | orbits. Unlike the earth, the moon is _very_ lumpy. It is the
           | reason why most lunar orbiters end up doing a planned crash
           | as their end of (relatively) short life. From that
           | standpoint, orbits that are a bit further out are much more
           | appealing to have relatively low delta v requirements.
           | 
           | All that said, once Starship is regularly in use for lunar
           | delivery... I suspect we will have a fundamental new paradigm
           | for space.
        
           | mmooss wrote:
           | > As the entire reason for Gateway existing and being where
           | it is is to act as a destination for SLS
           | 
           | I don't think that's true. I've long heard of it as support
           | for surface operations and for preparation (R&D, etc.) for
           | Mars.
        
             | MPSimmons wrote:
             | "A space station" is desireable. The lunar gateway, though,
             | as designed, is very much about Artemis. The Near
             | Rectilinear Halo Orbit[1] was designated because of
             | constraints on the Orion capsule that will be attached
             | during crewed operations, at least this was relayed to me
             | directly by NASA personnel during a Q&A.
             | 
             | [1] - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near-
             | rectilinear_halo_orbit
        
           | ericcumbee wrote:
           | One of the goals of gateway is to act as a test bed for long
           | term manned operations outside of low earth orbit. I.e. start
           | developing and proving the technology in flight that we are
           | going to need for a mars mission.
        
         | anotherQuarter wrote:
         | The conops for this doesn't make sense to me. Not only is it in
         | a weird orbit but after the first lunar landing, which will
         | have two astronauts, the rest will have four. With all 4 crew
         | members on the lunar surface who will be working on gateway?
         | SLS can max launch once a year. Are we really going to give up
         | a lunar landing opportunity for a gateway only mission? Already
         | 1 mission a year for a couple weeks is a big change from a
         | quarter century of continuous operations on ISS. Mix of
         | commercial space stations in LEO supported by regular NASA
         | crews and lunar mission with eventual base seems the most
         | inspiring and beneficial way to keep consistent presence in
         | space was explaining exploration and building private space
         | capability/infrastructure.
        
           | mmooss wrote:
           | It might be interesting to look up Gateway's mission and see
           | why they are putting it in in orbit around the Moon rather
           | than Earth. I know a major part of it is to learn the lessons
           | needed for a human trip to Mars.
           | 
           | > Not only is it in a weird orbit
           | 
           | Regarding lunar orbits (I don't know about Gateway's orbit):
           | 
           | We are used to relatively stable gravity in Earth orbit, but
           | it is much different out near the Moon: Gravity in cislunar
           | space creates chaotic trajectories due to the three-body
           | problem of Earth, Moon, and the vehicle. Orbits around the
           | Moon are also much less stable than around Earth. There are
           | only a few stable orbits, all below 700 km.
           | 
           | Here's a pretty good resource:
           | 
           | https://www.afrl.af.mil/Portals/90/Documents/RV/A%20Primer%2.
           | ..
        
           | rlt wrote:
           | I assume SLS's shelf life is limited and we'll be using
           | Starship end to end within 5 years or so.
        
           | schiffern wrote:
           | >With all 4 crew members on the lunar surface who will be
           | working on gateway?
           | 
           | One of the technology advancements being pushed by Gateway is
           | that (unlike ISS) it wouldn't require a constant human
           | presence.
        
       | echelon wrote:
       | Why is the ISS not being privatized or boosted into a higher
       | orbit for possible later use?
        
         | mlindner wrote:
         | It's not being privatized because it's extremely expensive to
         | maintain and also it's politically impossible as several
         | modules are Japanese or European owned and half the station is
         | Russian and there's no propulsion on the USOS side.
         | 
         | As to not boosting it to a higher orbit, firstly that would
         | require a tremendous amount of energy, more than any craft
         | currently visiting it. So you'd need to custom build something
         | for that purpose. They're already custom building something to
         | deorbit it with less thrust requirements than you'd need to
         | boost it upward. Secondly the station is slowly experiencing
         | cracking and eventually will suffer a catastrophic debris
         | strike or depressurization. This massive object would create a
         | massive debris cloud and putting it in a high orbit would
         | ensure it would last for thousands of years.
        
         | wmf wrote:
         | ISS is being replaced by one or more semi-privatized stations.
         | ISS is rapidly approaching the point where maintaining it costs
         | more than simply building a new station.
        
         | someperson wrote:
         | Not a dumb question, official answers in [1] [2].
         | 
         | Summary is higher orbits have too much risk of debris strikes,
         | and commercial operators were asked to submit proposals but
         | NASA received no feasible proposal: they aren't interested in
         | the ageing and expensive to maintain ISS modules.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/iss-
         | deorbit-...
         | 
         | [2] https://www.nasa.gov/faqs-the-international-space-station-
         | tr...
        
           | rlt wrote:
           | It would be cool if we could at least park it for a few years
           | until we can bring it back down in Starships.
           | 
           | Maybe Bezos would help fund those missions, even if they used
           | Starship...
        
         | itishappy wrote:
         | It's old and expensive. For example, there's a 5 year old leak
         | that they still can't locate or even decide on the severity.
         | 
         | I'm sure the offer is open if anyone wants it, but that's a
         | hard sell at this point, and the major players all have other
         | plans.
         | 
         | https://spacenews.com/nasa-and-roscosmos-disagree-on-cause-a...
        
         | Anon1096 wrote:
         | There's also a political factor for why it's not being boosted,
         | in that as long as the ISS exists governments and the public
         | would want to see it maintained and used. Just boosting it and
         | letting it rot would make space agencies look really bad in the
         | eyes of the public. It's better to just decommission it and
         | have no chance of a future salvage effort. (this doesn't touch
         | on why not do privatization of the ISS, other comments have
         | responded)
        
         | inglor_cz wrote:
         | It is slowly becoming unsafe, and fixing it in orbit is likely
         | too expensive. Space is a very punishing environment - enormous
         | differences in temperature, vacuum, aggressive radiation. 25
         | years of such conditions will have consequences.
         | 
         | It could probably be dragged onto a higher orbit as a museum
         | _in situ_ , but keeping actual living people in there is going
         | to become too risky soon.
        
       | lerp-io wrote:
       | reminds me of the space liner from walle - they should add a
       | mcdonalds module to it that is fully automated. just as a
       | marketing campaign to be first autonomous fast food chain in
       | space on the axiom... also for good meme content
        
       | zeristor wrote:
       | I am guessing that:
       | 
       | Space Station AMS-02 Instrument Works on the Mystery of Dark
       | Matter
       | 
       | https://www.nasa.gov/image-article/space-station-ams-02-inst...
       | 
       | Is coming to its end of life too
       | 
       | As a CERN experiment it seems to have produced a lot of science:
       | 
       | https://www.nasa.gov/image-article/space-station-ams-02-inst...
        
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       (page generated 2024-12-29 23:02 UTC)